tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dietary sodium restriction as adjunctive treatment of hypertension
Authors: M. H. Weinberger
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To examine the effect of modest dietary sodium ion restriction in treated hypertensive individuals, we studied 114 hypertensive patients undergoing individualized dietary counseling with a research dietitian to achieve reduction in dietary sodium ion intake. A significant reduction in mean sodium ion intake was achieved after the first of three lessons and was maintained for 30 weeks with no change in potassium ion intake. Significant falls in blood pressure and body weight were observed with no significant correlations noted between the two variables, implying independence of these effects. Individuals compliant with the dietary sodium ion restriction goal (urinary excretion, ≤80 mmol/d [≤80 mEq/24 h]) were more likely to have a reduction in number of medications than those not reaching that goal. Ninety-eight of the 114 patients completed the entire 30 weeks. Patients who dropped out tended to have lower diastolic blood pressures and required fewer medications for blood pressure control than those who completed the 30 weeks. For these reasons, patients in the former group may have been less highly motivated to complete the study. These observations suggest that modest dietary sodium ion restriction is feasible in treated hypertensive patients and that adherence to such a regimen may permit blood pressure control with fewer medications. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2561-2565)
Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A randomized phase II trial of intensive induction chemotherapy (CBOP/BEP) and standard BEP in poor prognosis germ cell tumors (MRC TE23, CRUK 05/014, ISRCTN53643604).
Authors: R. A. Huddart, R. Gabe, F. Cafferty, P. Pollock, J. D. White, J. Shamash, S. P. Stenning
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4508 Background: Up to 50% of patients (pts) with IGCCCG poor prognosis non-seminomatous tumours die yet standard chemotherapy has remained bleomycin (BLM), etoposide and cisplatin (BEP) for many years. This trial evaluated a new intensive induction chemotherapy regimen, CBOP/BEP, in a randomized phase II trial also establishing current BEP response rate (RR). Methods: Pts were randomized to standard 4xBEP (12 weeks [wks]) or CBOP/BEP (Wks 1 and 3: cisplatin 50mg/m2 D1&2; vincristine (VCR) 2mg D1; BLM 15000iu D1. Wks 2 and 4: cisplatin 40mg/m2, VCR 2mg, carboplatin AUC3, all D1; BLM 15000iu D1-5. Wks 5 and 6: VCR 2mg D1; BLM 15000iu D1. Wks 7-15 3xBEP with BLM 15000iu weekly). The primary endpoint was RR with favourable outcomes: (i) complete response (no residual mass or complete resection and no viable tumor, and normal markers) or (ii) partial response (residual mass unresected) and normal markers. Toxicity, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were secondary outcomes. 60% RR was anticipated with BEP. Assuming 80% RR with CBOP/ BEP, 44 pts were needed to exclude a RR < 60% with 90% power (1-sided α=5%). Patients were randomised to BEP to benchmark RR but the trial was not powered to compare arms. Results: Between 2005 and 2009 89 pts (43 CBOP/BEP) were randomized, median follow up 33 mths. Forty CBOP/ BEP, and 41 BEP completed treatment, CBOP/BEP toxicity, largely haematological, was high (96% had CTC grade ≥3, 63% with BEP). RRs were 74% with CBOP/BEP and 61% with BEP (90% CIs [61%, 85%] and [48%, 73%]). Additionally 2 BEP and 0 CBOP/BEP had complete resection of viable tumour. 1-year PFS was 65% and 43% respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 0.6, 95% CI [0.33, 1.07]) and OS was 74% and 72% (HR 0.78, 95% CI [0.39, 1.57]). 3/14 CBOP/BEP and 2/18 BEP deaths were attributed to toxicity, one (BLM toxicity on CBOP/BEP) after an overdose during treatment. Conclusions: The trial met its primary outcome with a 90% CI for CBOP/BEP excluding RRs < 61% but CBOP/BEP was more toxic. PFS is promising and similar to that seen after high dose chemotherapy in EORTC 30974 (ASCO 2010) though with no clear impact on survival. Results should be confirmed in an international phase III trial.
Flavored Tobacco Product Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2014
Authors: Catherine G. Corey, Bridget K. Ambrose, Benjamin J. Apelberg, Brian A. King
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act prohibits "characterizing flavors" (e.g., candy, fruit, and chocolate) other than tobacco and menthol in cigarettes; however, characterizing flavors are not currently prohibited in other tobacco products. Analyses of retail sales data suggest that U.S. consumption of flavored noncigarette tobacco products, including flavored cigars and flavored e-cigarettes, has increased in recent years. There is growing concern that widely marketed varieties of new and existing flavored tobacco products might appeal to youths (2) and could be contributing to recent increases in the use of tobacco products, including e-cigarettes and hookah, among youths. CDC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzed data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) to determine the prevalence of past 30 day use (current use) of flavored e-cigarette, hookah tobacco, cigar, pipe tobacco or smokeless tobacco products, and menthol cigarettes among middle and high school students, and the proportion of current tobacco product users who have used flavored products. An estimated 70.0% (3.26 million) of all current youth tobacco users had used at least one flavored tobacco product in the past 30 days. Among current users, 63.3%, (1.58 million) had used a flavored e-cigarette, 60.6%, (1.02 million) had used flavored hookah tobacco, and 63.5% (910,000) had used a flavored cigar in the past 30 days. Given the millions of current youth tobacco users, it is important for comprehensive tobacco prevention and control strategies to address all forms of tobacco use, including flavored tobacco products, among U.S. youths.
Cost-effectiveness of Stroke Prophylaxis for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation-Reply
Authors: Andria B. Cardinalli
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the interest of Drs Kan and Katz in our analysis.<sup>1</sup>They are correct that our wide estimate of the cost-effectiveness of warfarin therapy in 65-year-old low-risk patients is a consequence of the minimal average gain (0.01 QALY) conferred by treating these patients with warfarin instead of aspirin. They are also correct in noting that the cost-effectiveness of warfarin therapy is sensitive to patient preferences<sup>2</sup>as well as to risk of stroke. In fact, warfarin will be cost-effective even in some (highly selected) 65-year-old patients with NVAF and no other clinical risk factors for stroke (ie, low-risk patients who indicate that warfarin therapy would not affect their quality of life or who have an ominous echocardiogram that portends stroke). We disagree, however, with the suggestion that we apply the 4.3% annual rate of stroke to our low-risk cohort. Because our low-risk cohort was defined identically
Surgery, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Physician's Practical Gynecology.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Is postchemotherapy retroperitoneal surgery necessary in patients with nonseminomatous testicular cancer and minimal residual tumor masses?
Authors: S D Fosså, H Qvist, A E Stenwig, H H Lien, S Ous, K E Giercksky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE At least one third of the patients with metastatic testicular cancer are rendered tumor-free by cisplatin-based chemotherapy. One may question, therefore, the routine use of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RLND), especially if the residual masses are less than 20 mm in diameter. To define the role of such surgery, we analyzed the postchemotherapy histology in testicular cancer patients with minimal residual disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-eight patients with advanced nonseminomatous testicular cancer underwent RLND after three to four cycles of cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy. In all patients, the largest diameter of the residual retroperitoneal mass was less than 20 mm. RESULTS Complete fibrosis/necrosis was found in 51 patients, mature teratoma in 22, and vital malignant germ cell tumor in five. In two of the latter five patients, alphafetoprotein (AFP) had increased immediately before RLND. In the 76 patients with normal pre-RLND tumor markers, the presence of undifferentiated malignant teratoma (MTU) in the primary tumor and normal prechemotherapy tumor markers were independent parameters predicting complete fibrosis/necrosis, which was demonstrated in all 15 patients with these two pretreatment parameters. CONCLUSIONS Postchemotherapy RLND can be omitted in patients with MTU in the primary tumor who have normal AFP/human chorionic gonadotropin (AFP/HCG) before chemotherapy and whose residual retroperitoneal mass is less than 20 mm in diameter. If the pre-RLND tumor markers are normal, RLND should be performed in all other patients with small residual masses, even in the presence of a normal computed tomography (CT) and particularly if regular follow-up of the patients is not guaranteed.
Medical Isotopes
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3823: Inhibition of homologous recombination, PARP inhibitor, or dianhydrodulcitol overcomes temozolomide-resistance in glioma cells
Authors: SHIGEO OHBA, Yuichi Hirose
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive tumors in the central nervous system tumors. The standard therapy for glioblastomas is maximal safe resection, followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). The acquisition of resistance to TMZ is big problem. TMZ is a DNA-methylating agent, delivering a methyl group to DNA (O6-guanine, N7-guanine and N3-adenine). The primary cytotoxic lesion, O6-methylguanine, mispairs with thymine, leading to futile DNA mismatch repair (MMR), formation of double strand breaks and eventual cell death, when O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is absent. N7-methylguanine and N3-methyladenine are repaired by base excision repair. The object of the study was to reveal the mechanisms of resistance to TMZ and to find the way to overcome the resistance in glioma cells. Several clones of TMZ-resistant U251 were obtained and analyzed. #3 clone showed G2 arrest after TMZ exposure and this arrest was abrogated sooner compared to parental U251. TMZ did not induce G2 arrest in #8 clone. The expression of MGMT was not found in U251 parental cells, #3 cells nor #8 cells. The ability of homologous recombination (HR) was increased in #3 clone, and suppression of HR resensitized #3 clone to TMZ. The protein levels of MSH6, which was one of the main proteins associated with MMR, was reduced in #8 clone. Inhibition of base excision repair by PARP inhibitor resensitized #8 clone to TMZ. Dianhydrodulcitol, alkylating agent, suppressed the proliferation in U251 and even U251-derived resistant clones. These effects were shown in U87MG-dereived resistant clones and MGMT-proficient cell lines. To select the way according to the mechanisms of resistance to TMZ could overcome the resistance in glioma cells. Citation Format: SHIGEO OHBA, Yuichi Hirose. Inhibition of homologous recombination, PARP inhibitor, or dianhydrodulcitol overcomes temozolomide-resistance in glioma cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3823.
Medical Oncology
Authors: James C. Arseneau
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Medicine is ever productive of debate, and, for the past two decades, oncology may have been medicine's most fertile source of controversy. This book explores questions arising from the constant revision of cancer therapies over recent years. Topic headings deal with cancers of major organ systems. Within these headings, well-known proponents argue pros and cons of a variety of questions, some familiar (eg, the worth of adjuvant chemotherapy and of immunotherapy; whether surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or some combination constitutes the "best" management of a given disease) and some less so (eg, should breast cancer patients have routine preoperative bone scans). In some pieces, labeled personal perspectives, a single author may present both sides of a controversy and conclude with his assessment of the state of the particular question. An interesting short section examines various opinions as to the role of the medical oncologist. On the whole, I found the
Gas-Liquid Chromatography in the Analysis of Mercury(II) Compounds
Authors: Paul Mushak
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1973)

Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) in recent years has found application in the analysis of various metals, either singly (1) or in tandem function with mass spectrometry (2), and presently is gaining wide acceptance in the analysis of organomercury(II) compounds.Since increasing use of GLC in mercury analysis may be anticipated for both research and monitoring purposes, it is of value at this point in time to review critically the status of GLC analysis of mercury compounds, in- cluding the relevant chemistry and biocoordi- nation chemistry of mercury in its various chemical forms.Gueral Consideradon of Gas-Uquid Chroma- tography of Msmury(ill Compounds As GLC analysis usually requires that an analyte be simultaneously thermally stable and possess volatility, GLC analyses of mercury compounds have involved primarily volatile organomercurials possessing a variety of alkyl, substituted alkyl, or aryl groups.Isolated reports of inorganic mercury(II) analysis by GLC do exist in the literature, however, and have involved idealized condi- *tions without analytical application.
Fumbled Handoffs
Authors: Tejal K. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters4 October 2005Fumbled HandoffsTejal K. Gandhi, MD, MPHTejal K. Gandhi, MD, MPHFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02120.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-7-200510040-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Like Dr. Rastegar, I too am a primary care physician and agree that this role is essential in ensuring continuity and quality of care. However, even if a primary care physician had been the only provider involved in the case I discussed in my article, the test result may not have been seen, especially since many primary care physicians are dissatisfied with their systems for tracking test results (1). If the patient's own primary care physician had cared for him in the hospital, perhaps that physician would have remembered the previous outpatient evaluation. However, having systems to ensure ...References1. Poon EG, Gandhi TK, Sequist TD, Murff HJ, Karson AS, Bates DW. “I wish I had seen this test result earlier!”: Dissatisfaction with test result management systems in primary care. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:2223-8. [PMID: 15534158] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Auerbach AD, Wachter RM, Katz P, Showstack J, Baron RB, Goldman L. Implementation of a voluntary hospitalist service at a community teaching hospital: improved clinical efficiency and patient outcomes. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:859-65. [PMID: 12458985] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Goldman L, Pantilat SZ, Whitcomb WF. Passing the clinical baton: 6 principles to guide the hospitalist. Am J Med. 2001;111:36S-39S. [PMID: 11790367] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Phillips RL, Bartholomew LA, Dovey SM, Fryer GE, Miyoshi TJ, Green LA. Learning from malpractice claims about negligent, adverse events in primary care in the United States. Qual Saf Health Care. 2004;13:121-6. [PMID: 15069219] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Institute of Medicine. To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System. Washington, DC: National Academy Pr; 1999. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02120.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImplementation of a Voluntary Hospitalist Service at a Community Teaching Hospital: Improved Clinical Efficiency and Patient Outcomes Andrew D. Auerbach , Robert M. Wachter , Patricia Katz , Jonathan Showstack , Robert B. Baron , and Lee Goldman Fumbled Handoffs: One Dropped Ball after Another Tejal K. Gandhi Fumbled Handoffs Darius A. Rastegar Fumbled Handoffs Kenneth M. Kessler Metrics 4 October 2005Volume 143, Issue 7Page: 542-543KeywordsHealth careHealth care qualityHealth information technologyHospitalistsLung and intrathoracic tumorsOutpatient clinicsPatientsSafetyThorax ePublished: 4 October 2005 Issue Published: 4 October 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
DRUG HABITS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal