tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cystic Fibrosis Pulmonary Guidelines
Authors: Peter J. Mogayzel, Edward T. Naureckas, Karen A. Robinson, Gary Mueller, Denis Hadjiliadis, Jeffrey B. Hoag, Lisa Lubsch, Leslie Hazle, Kathy Sabadosa, Bruce Marshall
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by abnormal airways secretions, chronic endobronchial infection, and progressive airway obstruction. The use of medications to slow the progression of lung disease has led to significant improvement in survival. An evidence review of chronic medications for CF lung disease was performed in 2007 to provide guidance to clinicians in evaluating and selecting appropriate treatment for individuals with this disease. We have undertaken a new review of the literature to update the recommendations, including consideration of new medications and additional evidence on previously reviewed therapies. A multidisciplinary committee of experts in CF pulmonary care was established to review the evidence for use of chronic medications for CF lung disease and make treatment recommendations. Published evidence for chronic lung therapies was systematically reviewed and resulting treatment recommendations were graded based on the United States Preventive Services Task Force scheme. These guidelines provide up-to-date evidence of safety and efficacy of chronic treatments of CF lung disease, including the use of novel therapies that have not previously been included in CF pulmonary guidelines.
Molecular and biological properties of the vascular endothelial growth factor family of proteins
Authors: N. Ferrara
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1992)

THE establishment of a vascular supply is a critical requirement for cellular inflow of nutrients, outflow of waste products, and gas exchange in most tissues and organs (1). In endocrine glands, the vascularization not only serves such needs but also provides a pathway for the specific secretory products (2, 3). Furthermore, in the anterior pituitary (4–6) and in the adrenal medulla (7, 8), an unusual angioarchitecture, where a portal capillary plexus delivers venous blood originating from an adjacent gland, is intimately involved in the control of the secretory activity. In the adrenal medulla, this vascular design may even determine the ultimate secretory product (8). Not surprisingly, the cardiovascular system is the first organ system to develop and reach a functional state in an embryo (9–12). In the human, primitive blood vessels appear as early as day 15, and a circulation with a beating heart is already established by the end of the third week.
Neurocognitive Endophenotypes in a Multiplex Multigenerational Family Study of Schizophrenia
Authors: Raquel Gur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: Genetic factors contribute to the development of schizophrenia where cognitive dysfunction is a hallmark. The purpose of this article was to examine computerized neurocognitive measures as candidate endophenotypic markers of liability for schizophrenia in a genetically informative cohort. Method: European Americans from 35 multiplex multigenerational families (N=349) and healthy participants (N=154) underwent clinical assessments and neurocognitive measurements and provided blood samples. The neurocognitive measures included performance (accuracy and speed) from a computerized battery that assessed abstraction/mental flexibility; attention; verbal, face, and spatial memory; spatial processing; sensorimotor processing; and emotion intensity discrimination. Results: Probands, relatives, and comparison subjects differed from each other in performance. Probands demonstrated greatest impairment relative to comparison subjects, followed by family members. Liability for schizophrenia affected the speed-accuracy tradeoff differently for specific neurocognitive domains. Significant heritability estimates were obtained for accuracy of verbal, facial, and spatial memory and spatial and emotion processing. For speed, estimates of heritability were significant for abstraction/mental flexibility, attention, face memory, and spatial and sensorimotor processing. Conclusions: In a multigenerational multiplex design, the authors demonstrated that neurocognitive measures are associated with schizophrenia, differentiate unaffected relatives from comparison subjects, and may have significant presumed heritability. Therefore, they are endophenotypes suitable for genetic studies. Accuracy and speed can be differentially sensitive to presumed genetic liability.
Errors in Title, Author Degrees, Key Points, and Abstract
Authors: Christy Chai, Hop Cao, Nader Massarweh, Michael Debakey, Tran Chai, Tran Cao, Rakesh Joshi, Dhirendra Shrivastava, Jaishri Ramji, Mch Finally
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Rakesh S. Joshi, MCh; Dhirendra Shrivastava, MCh; Richard Grady, MD; Anjana Kundu, MD; Jaishri Ramji, MCh; Pramod P. Reddy, MD; Joao Luiz Pippi-Salle, MD; Jennifer R. Frazier, MPH; Douglas A. Canning, MD; Aseem R. Shukla, MD
Reduced estriol excretion in patients with breast cancer prior to endocrine therapy
Authors: H. M. Lemon
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Cancer of the breast develops in nearly 6% of all white women. Age-adjusted mortality rates for this neoplasm have changed very little during the past four decades in spite of improved lay education and improved methods of surgical, radiological, and medical therapy. The decreased risk of mammary cancer occurrence in the Japanese and the ameliorating influence of pregnancy upon this risk, in proportion to the number of gestations, have suggested to many investigators that genetic and endocrine factors have a role in its pathogenesis. No major qualitative or quantitative differences from normal have thus far been identified in estrogen or progestin metabolism characteristic of breast cancer patients, but suggestive abnormalities have been reported for excretion of androgen metabolites in relationship to 17-hydroxysteroid excretion.<sup>1</sup> Thus far, scant attention has been paid to the possible protective role of "impeded" or blocking estrogenic steroids in modifying the carcinogenicity of estrone or estradiol
Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office, United States Army (Army Medical Library). Authors and Subjects. Fourth Series. Vol. VI
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Joint Actions of Environmental Nonionizing Electromagnetic Fields and Chemical Pollution in Cancer Promotion
Authors: W. Ross Adey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Studies of environmental electromagnetic (EM) field interactions in tissues have contributed to a new understanding of both normal growth and the biology of cancer in cell growth. From cancer research comes a floodtide of new knowledge about the disruption of communication by cancer-promoting chemicals with an onset of unregulated growth. Bioelectromagnetic research reveals clear evidence of joint actions at cell membranes of chemical cancer promoters and environmental electromagnetic fields. The union of these two disciplines has resulted in the first major new approach to tumor formation in 75 years, directing attention to dysfunctions in inward and outward streams of signals at cell membranes, rather than to damage DNA in cell nuclei, and to synergic actions of chemical pollutants and environmental electromagnetic fields. We are witnesses and, in great measure, participants in one of the great revolutions in the history of biology. In little more than a century, we have moved from organs, to tissues, to cells, and finally to the molecules that are the elegant fabric of living tissues. Today, we stand at a new frontier. It may be more difficult to comprehend, but it is far more significant; for it is at the atomic level, rather than the molecular, that physical, rather than chemical, processes appear to shape the flow of signals that are at the essence of living matter. To pursue these problems in the environment and in the laboratory, our needs for further research with appropriate budgets are great.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Occurrence of Tris(4-Chlorophenyl)Methane, Tris(4-Chlorophenyl)Methanol, and Some Other Persistent Organochlorines in Japanese Human Adipose Tissue
Authors: Tu Binh Minh, Mafumi Watanabe, Shinsuke Tanabe, Taketo Yamada, Jun-ichi Hata, Shaw Watanabe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Tris(4-chlorophenyl)methane (TCPMe) and tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPMOH) are among the most recently identified environmental contaminants. Despite their widespread contamination in the marine environment, human exposure to these compounds remains relatively unknown. We determined the concentrations of TCPMe, TCPMOH, and other persistent organochlorines such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordane compounds (CHLs) in human adipose tissue from Japan. TCPMe and TCPMOH were detected in all of the adipose samples analyzed; the concentrations ranged from 2.5-21 and 1.1-18 ng/g lipid weight, respectively. Concentrations of TCPMe and TCPMOH in humans were less than those reported in marine mammals, suggesting the possibility of metabolism and elimination of these compounds by humans. Significant correlation between TCPMe and TCPMOH with concentrations of DDT and its metabolites in human adipose tissues suggested that exposure to DDT is the source of TCPMe and TCPMOH in humans. The age- and sex-dependent accumulation of TCPMe and TCPMOH as well as other organochlorines was less pronounced. Results for other organochlorines indicated that recent contamination status of PCBs in human samples from Japan was higher than that in developing countries, whereas DDT contamination is lower. Greater concentrations of CHLs in human adipose tissue from Japan than in those from other countries suggest that continuous monitoring of CHLs in humans in Japan is necessary. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the accumulation of TCPMe and TCPMOH in human adipose tissue.
Substance Abuse
Authors: Sidney H. Schnoll
Journal: JAMA (1990)

During the past year, there has been increased public intolerance of problems associated with alcohol and illicit drug use. On the federal level, the response is to wage a "war on drugs," coordinated by Edward Bennett in the new cabinetlevel position of director, Office of National Drug Control Policy. The first major task of this office was to generate a report in September 1989 that described the directions to be taken in drug control policy during the next decade. Although Bennett's goal to reduce the number of illicit drug users by 50% is admirable, the means by which this goal is to be achieved is primarily through law enforcement. Of the fiscal year 1990 $8.8 billion budget targeted for drug control, nearly 40% of the appropriated funds will go toward enhancing law-enforcement efforts, 20% to building more correctional facilities, 15% to the development of new prevention and education programs, and
Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Eugene L. Saenger
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Most clinicians are somewhat familiar with the use of radioiodine for thyroid disease but have probably missed in part the successful scanning delineations of brain, liver, kidney, bone, spleen, lung, and somewhat less successful visualization of pancreas and parathyroid. It is now possible to label many body constituents with radiocarbon and radiohydrogen (tritium) and develop clinical tests. More esoteric techniques such as whole body counting and neutron activation analysis are described. In all techniques some specific methodology, equations, and examples are presented so that a busy physician does not have to fish through the literature in order to begin trials of a new procedure. Therapy with radionuclides is less frequently employed than the other uses. Successes of radioiodine for hyperthyroidism and the attendant increase in myxedema to 50% are clearly presented. The value of radiocolloids in ovarian cancer is an interesting consideration not widely evaluated in the United States. Blahd
FOOD VERSUS SUNLIGHT IN BLOOD REGENERATION
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Practical Diagnosis. The Use of Symptoms in the Diagnosis of Disease.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cystic fibrosis in the United Kingdom 1977-85: an improving picture. British Paediatric Association Working Party on Cystic Fibrosis.
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A national survey was conducted of patients with cystic fibrosis who were known to paediatricians, chest physicians, and others or whose deaths were reported through the death certification authorities in the United Kingdom during 1977 to 1985. From this population based study a revised incidence figure of one affected baby in 2500 live births was produced. Mortality was very high in the first year of life (7.6%) and was substantially greater for females than for males under age 20 years. A temporal improvement in mortality was found during the period under study, with about 100 more births than deaths occurring each year. This improvement was notable in the first five years of life. Meconium ileus, which used to be a primary cause of early mortality, is becoming increasingly rare as a cause of death. The total prevalence of cystic fibrosis in the UK in mid-1985 was estimated to be about 5000.
Rev Française d'Etudes Clin et Biol, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Data in Figure and Text in: Extended vs Short-term Buprenorphine-Naloxone for Treatment of Opioid-Addicted Youth
Authors: James Ellison
Journal: JAMA (2009)

In Reply: Dr Zazulia points out that large randomized controlled trials have failed to demonstrate a benefit for revascularization therapy in women with asymptomatic carotid disease.In this context, asymptomatic indicates an absence of ipsilateral TIA or stroke symptoms rather than an absence of cognitive decline, which indeed has been linked with carotid disease. 1 While I agree with Zazulia's evidence-based comment, it does not bear directly on my suggestion that carotid ultrasound studies be considered in the assessment of a 60-yearold woman with mild cognitive impairment and vascular risk factors.Results from a community-based study of mild cognitive impairment suggest a significant likelihood of abnormal carotid ultrasound findings in Ms E based on her multiple domain symptoms. 2 Carotid study findings in Ms E, who lacks a history of stroke or TIA symptoms, would not be used to justify carotid endarterectomy or stenting, given the superiority of medical over surgical management in such patients. 3Surgical intervention, furthermore, has not consistently benefited cognitive symptoms co-occurring with carotid artery disease. 4However, ultrasound assessment of carotid intima media thickening and plaque presence would provide a rationale for increasing the aggressiveness of nonsurgical interventions such as patient education, smoking cessation therapy, or prescription of a statin 5 as adjuncts to Ms E's current daily aspirin.Moreover, the results of office-based carotid ultrasound testing may increase both physician awareness and patient motivation with respect to such interventions. 6Specific evidencebased treatment recommendations for mild cognitive impairment are at present limited, and current management of Ms E and similar patients should focus on modification of vascular risk factors and facilitation of healthful lifestyle alterations.
True Hermaphroditism
Authors: A. F. Bromwich
Journal: BMJ (1955)

An individual who has both ovarian and testicular tissue is a true hermaphrodite.Proof of the presence of both types of gonad in the same individual is histological, as the secondary sex characters may be affected by other factors, such as overactivity of the adrenal cortex.Adopting these criteria, an examination of the litera- ture has disclosed 59 unequivocal cases of true herm- aphroditism, to which two further cases are added below.The further progress of the case originally recorded by Broster et al. (1938) is also noted.Case 1 J. O., the third child of healthy parents of English extrac-
Permission
Authors: David Malebranche
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2021)

On Being a DoctorMarch 2021PermissionDavid Malebranche, MD, MPHDavid Malebranche, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M20-8170 Audio Reading - “Permission” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Permission” by David Malebranche, MD, MPH Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail You knew, didn't you? You could feel it in your arthritis-ridden bones and joints, between every sinewy muscle woven throughout your body. With each fall that left you uninjured but confused and disoriented. With each shallow breath you took as if trapped in a restrictive vise. You knew.In how you gathered your artifacts and antique collections, speaking privately with your good friend to ensure he understood what you wanted done with your possessions after you were gone.In the manner you ushered in an endless parade of friends and family members for quiet lunches or late afternoon dinners over ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Corresponding Author: David Malebranche, MD, MPH, 1345 Mercer Avenue, East Point, GA 30344; e-mail, david.m[email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Permission” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Permission” by David Malebranche, MD, MPH Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics March 2021Volume 174, Issue 3Page: 423-424 ePublished: 16 March 2021 Issue Published: March 2021 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2021 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...