tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The plane truth about disinsection.
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The Plane Truth about DisinsectionTo most people, 'fear of flying" means an aversion to traveling by aircraft because of a fear of its crashing.For some people, however, there is another safety fear posed by air travel-the fear of adverse health effects from exposure to pesticides used in aircraft in a process called "disinsection."The United States stopped requiring that inbound flights be disinsected in 1979 following a decision by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that it was an ineffective method of preventing insect pests from being introduced from other countries, as well as a possible health risk for the people on board.Disinsection is usually performed by one of two methods: the cabin may be sprayed with an aerosol pesticide (some- times while passengers are still on board) or treated with a long-lasting residual pesticide that is applied to the interior surfaces of the empty cabin every 6-8 weeks.Disinsection is still required by a few nations for incoming flights-including, in some countries, flights from the United States.The Department of Transportation (DOT) posts a list of countries that require disinsection on the World Wide Web at http://ostpxweb.dot.govlpolicy/safety/disin.htm.Countries that require disinsection may do so for one of three reasons: threats to public health, threats to agriculture, or threats to the native ecosystem.Australia and New Zealand, for instance, along with many of the island nations that still require disin- section, are highly protective of their unique systems of flora and fauna, which they maintain could be devastated by the importation of alien insect species.
VITAL STATISTICS IN ILLINOIS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Review article. US Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Harold C. Sox, Donald M. Berwick, Alfred O. Berg, Paul S. Frame, Dennis G. Fryback, David A. Grimes, Robert S. Lawrence, Robert B. Wallace, A. Eugene Washington, Modena E. H. Wilson, Steven H. Woolf
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE SCOLIOSIS Research Society defines scoliosis as a lateral spinal curve of 11° or greater. An estimated 500 000 adults in the United States have scoliosis.<sup>1</sup>Idiopathic scoliosis accounts for about 65% of cases of structural scoliosis<sup>2,3</sup>(curves caused by spinal column disorders vs other conditions, such as limb-length inequality), and a large proportion of these cases develop during adolescence. A lateral spinal curve of 11° or greater is present in about 2% to 3% of adolescents at the end of their growth period. Curves greater than 20° occur in less than 0.5% of adolescents.<sup>4</sup> Scoliosis can progress undetected as the size of the spinal curve increases. The progression is generally painless and produces no symptoms. Curves may be unnoticed by parents or other adults because the deviations are subtle. Health professionals may also fail to detect the disorder because an examination of the spine may not
SWOG S1505: A randomized phase II study of perioperative mFOLFIRINOX vs. gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel as therapy for resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Davendra Sohal, Shannon L McDonough, Syed A. Ahmad, Namita Gandhi, Muhammad Shaalan Beg, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Katherine Guthrie, Andrew M. Lowy, Philip Agop Philip, Howard S. Hochster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

TPS4152 Background: Clinical outcomes after curative therapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) remain suboptimal. Series show that 70-85% of patients die of systemic recurrence. Improved overall survival (OS) in the metastatic setting with the use of multi-agent chemotherapy regimens (FOLFIRINOX, gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel) holds the promise of progress in the curative setting as well. However, aggressive systemic therapy is usually not feasible after major pancreatic surgery. Therefore, early control of systemic disease by increased preoperative chemotherapy may improve outcomes. Furthermore, the perioperative platform facilitates early identification of patients with chemotherapy-resistant tumors and allows prospective biomarker studies in the future. Methods: This is a randomized phase II study intended to choose the most promising perioperative regimen to test in a larger trial. Eligibility requirements include adult patients with an ECOG PS of 0 or 1, a confirmed histopathologic diagnosis of PDA, and resectable disease as confirmed by central radiology review: no involvement of the celiac, common hepatic, or superior mesenteric arteries (and, if present, variants); no involvement, or &lt; 180° interface between tumor and vessel wall, of the portal or superior mesenteric veins; patent portal vein/splenic vein confluence; no metastases. Treatment includes 12 weeks [either 6 doses of mFOLFIRINOX (5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin – without bolus 5-FU and leucovorin), or 9 doses of gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, on standard schedules] of preoperative chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection and 12 weeks of identical postoperative chemotherapy. Primary outcome is 2-year OS, using a “pick the winner” design with minimum two-year OS of 40% assuming a 58% alternative hypothesis, 88% power, and a 1-sided α of 0.05, providing 90% probability of selecting the better regimen with a total sample size of 118 patients. Correlative studies are planned. The study opened through the National Clinical Trials Network (NCT02562716), and is supported by NIH/NCI/NCTN grants CA180888, CA180819, CA180821, CA180833. Clinical trial information: NCT02562716.
Why psoriasis looks that way
Authors: F. A. Kingery
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The hereditary disorder called psoriasis is characterized by certain histologic features. These include (1) increased and abnormal production of keratin by rapidly proliferating epidermal cells, (2) the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from the dermal blood vessels into the horny layer of the epidermis, and (3) dilatation of the dermal capillaries in the papillae between the rete ridges of the epidermis. The clinical appearance of the psoriatic lesion is determined by the predominance of one or another of these features. An abnormal keratinous scale accumulates on the surface from enhanced proliferation of epidermal cells and gives the most distinctive characteristic of the ordinary psoriatic lesion (Figure,<i>left</i>). The stimulus for such mitotic activity is not known, but the turnover time, ie, the time required for a basal cell to reach the surface and be cast off, is reduced from the normal 28 days to about 4 days in this accelerated "epidermopoiesis."
The American Cancer Society Fellowship in Exfoliative Cytology Regulations for 1948–1949
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Journal Article The American Cancer Society Fellowship in Exfoliative Cytology Regulations for 1948–1949 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 9, Issue 5-6, April-June, Page 451, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/9.5-6.451 Published: 01 April 1949
PTU-067 Body Composition Profiling is a Predictor of Therapeutic Outcome in Patients with Moderate to Severe Crohn’s Disease
Authors: NS Ding, G Malietzis, PF Lung, WM Yip, L Penez, T Ganeshanathan, SM Gabe, JT Jenkins, AL Hart
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)s form a major part of therapy in Crohn’s disease and has a primary non-response rate of 10–30% and a secondary loss of response rate of 5% per patient-year. Myopenia is prevalent in patients with Crohn’s disease who are in clinical remission and can be measured using body composition analysis tools. We hypothesise that body composition can predict for outcomes of anti-TNF primary non-response and secondary loss of response. <h3>Methods</h3> Between January 2007 to June 2012, 650 anti-TNF naïve patients underwent anti-TNF therapy for Crohn’s disease in a single centre. CT images were analysed for body composition parameters and used to estimate body fat-free mass. The outcome measures were primary non-response and secondary loss of response. COX-regression analysis was used to predict for outcomes with three-year follow-up data. A hypothetical dose of 5 mg/kg was delivered with estimated tissue levels. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 650 patients with anti-TNF therapy, 106 were included. 26 (24.5%) were primary non-responders and 29 (27.4%) had secondary loss of response. 13 patients were obese (BMI &gt; 30). Sex-specific cut-offs that defined a significant association between low muscle, high visceral fat and myosteatosis with outcomes were ascertained by stratification analysis. On multivariate analysis, myopenia predicted for primary non-response (HR 4.74;1.81-12.39,p =0.002) (Figure 1). Large anti-TNF dose variations resulted due to different body compositions. (Figure 2) <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this cohort study with three-year follow-up data, body composition profiles varied widely and did not correlate well with BMI. Myopenia was a predictor of primary non-response with potential implications for dosing and serves as an explanation for pharmacokinetic failure. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Phase I/II study of iodine 131-labeled monoclonal antibody A33 in patients with advanced colon cancer.
Authors: S Welt, C R Divgi, N Kemeny, R D Finn, A M Scott, M Graham, J S Germain, E C Richards, S M Larson, H F Oettgen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE A phase I/II study was designed to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of iodine 131-labeled monoclonal antibody (mAb) A33 (131I-mAb A33) administered intravenously, its limiting organ toxicity, and its radioisotope retention in tumors, and to develop preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (N = 23) with colorectal cancer who had failed to respond to conventional chemotherapy but had not received prior radiotherapy were treated with escalating doses of 131I-mAb A33. Three or more patients were entered at each dose level, starting at 30 mCi/m2, with increments of 15 mCi/m2 to a maximal dose of 90 mCi/m2. Radiolabeling was performed to maintain a specific activity of 30 mCi/m2/4 mg mAb A33 (projected maximum, 15 mCi/mg). Patients were under strict isolation precautions until whole-body radiation levels decreased to less than 5 mrem/h at 1 m. Serial radioimmunoscintigrams were performed in some cases for up to 3 weeks after 131I-mAb A33 administration. RESULTS All 20 patients with radiologic evidence of disease showed localization of radioisotope to sites of disease. Two patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and negative radiologic tests did not have positive antibody scans. One patient with a small-bowel cancer also had a negative antibody scan. The major toxicity was hematologic and was more pronounced in patients with compromised bone marrow due to prior chemotherapy. Of five patients who received 78 to 84 mCi/m2 131I-mAb A33, one had grade 3 and one grade 4 toxicity; of six patients treated with 86 to 94 mCi/m2 131I-mAb A33, two had grade 4 and one grade 1 toxicity. The MTD was determined to be 75 mCi/m2 in these heavily pretreated patients. Although the isotope showed variable uptake in the normal bowel, gastrointestinal symptoms were mild (n = 8) or absent. No major responses were observed; however, three patients had evidence of mixed responses, and CEA levels decreased in two patients without clinical or radiologic measurable disease. Immunoreactivity of radiolabeled mAb A33 decreased at the highest dose levels in preparations in which specific activity exceeded 18 mCi/mg. CONCLUSION The A33 antigen appears to be a promising target for radioimmunotherapy of colon cancer. The modest antitumor activity of 131I-mAb A33 in heavily pretreated patients is encouraging because of its lack of toxicity in the bowel, the only antigen-positive normal tissue.
The Respiratory Tract and the Environment
Authors: Joseph D. Brain
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

The primary determinants of pulmonary disease are environmental. The same thinness and delicacy of the air-blood barrier which allows rapid exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide also reduce its effectiveness as a barrier to inhaled allergens, carcinogens, toxic particles, and noxious gases, and micro-organisms. Adults breath 10,000 to 20,000 liters of air daily. This volume of air contains potentially hazardous contaminating particles and gases. Future research should explore the diverse physiological mechanisms which prevent the accumulation and deleterious action of inhaled particles and gases. Since most pulmonary diseases are either initiated by or at least aggravated by the inhalagion of particles and gases, the role of environmental factors in the development of respiratory disease is an area worthy of continued support.
LUMBAR PUNCTURE IN UREMIA.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HYPNOTIC INSANITY.
Authors: E. D. MOFFETT
Journal: JAMA (1895)

In writing upon this subject, I wish to show the true merits of hypnotism; and to congratulate my profession upon the fact that we have been slow to indorse this one fad which came to us a few years ago with such wonders in the cure of many diseases. Yes, the greater body of our profession discard it altogether. The hypnotic state is a diseased condition of the mind; and I feel that it is possible to prove that it is the worst form of disease—that of insanity. Hypnotism, mesmerism or suggestion is that condition of body or state of mind which is characterized by an apparent sleep with a perversion or destruction of the will; or that part of the will which governs the reason and judgment. For example, the person under its influence will stare into space or with eyes closed seems to be perfectly unconscious of himself
SKIN-WRITING
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical and Social Problems of Epilepsy--I
Authors: F. J. Nattrass
Journal: BMJ (1949)

In his Lumleian Lectures in 1890 Hughlings Jackson set forth his mature views " On Convulsive Seizures."Among his more important conclusions was his placing of the seat of the epileptic disturbance in the cells of the cortex.Paralysis was due to "destroying lesions," convulsions to " discharging lesions."Epilepsy was the name for " occa- sional, sudden, excessive, rapid, and local discharges of grey matter."These discharges occurred " because the cells have by some pathological process become highly unstable" (Jackson, 1931).Jackson held that the study of unilateral convulsions unaccompanied by loss of consciousness was the key to the understanding of convulsions in general.Such convulsions, he said further, " tell us nothing of the pathological pro- cesses by which the local instability results."In this state- ment he warns against an error still prevalent at the present day, that focal convulsions necessarily indicate gross or expanding lesions such as tumour.Jackson was not the first to describe unilateral convul- sions, now known universally by his name.He himself gave the credit to Bravais, though in fact they had been observed
Thrombosis in a population of phase I trial patients.
Authors: Alan D. Smith, Awais Jalil, Begona Jimenez, Rajiv Kumar, L Rhoda Molife, Udai Banerji
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e14054 Background: Thrombosis in malignancy is a well-studied complication occurring in up to 10% of patients with cancer and accounting for the 3rd most common cause of death in cancer patients. Overall risk has been associated with tumor- and patient-specific, anatomic and therapy-associated factors. Patients on a phase I study represent a selected population of cancer patients with an unevaluated thrombosis risk profile. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients enrolled on a phase I trial at the Drug Development Unit at the Royal Marsden Hospital. History of thrombosis, class of phase I drug, tumor histology and other factors were documented for each patient. The association of thrombosis with each variable was characterized. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate thrombosis and survival. Results: Between 2007 and 2014, 854 patients were identified and the incidence of thrombosis was 40 (4.7%). We found a statistically significant association between thrombosis and PI3K pathway inhibitors, estrogens use, primary histologies (pancreas, ovary, gastric, CNS and lung), thrombocytosis (platelets > 350), hypoalbuminemia (albumin < 35) and linearly with ECOG performance status. There was no difference in survival between patients with and without thrombosis on trial (p = 0.16). Conclusions: In our population of phase I patients, thrombosis was significantly associated with PI3K pathway inhibitors, estrogens use, certain primary histologies, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia and ECOG performance status, but not survival.
Action needed to prevent deaths from hypothermia in the elderly
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
shopping list
Authors: D.A. Frater
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Ad Libitum17 April 2018shopping listD.A. Frater, MDD.A. Frater, MDDallas, Texas (D.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M17-2929 Audio Reading - “shopping list” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "shopping list," by D.A. Frater. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail this is the list left in theshopping cart left in the parkinglot that I returned to the storefor you it's an unfinished thoughtdropping things where they are when wedepart it's amnestic no debtto past or future a simplegesture ungiven breeds chaosso I kept it your list and parkedyour cart then read it then stoppedrewinding with a quieter heartbefore reading it again out loud:ice capvomit pillsginger snapshair clippersshaving creamrazorsGatoradechicken soupmore soup Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dallas, Texas (D.F.)Current Author Address: D.A. Frater, MD; e-mail, [email protected]md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “shopping list” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "shopping list," by D.A. Frater. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 April 2018Volume 168, Issue 8Page: 601KeywordsCombined antiretroviral therapyForecastingHeart ePublished: 17 April 2018 Issue Published: 17 April 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...