tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asthma Considered Specially in Relation to Nasal Diseases.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INFANTILE MORTALITY
Authors: B. Dunlop
Journal: BMJ (1916)

auto-intoxication consequent upon an almost exclusive meat diet.The hiigh fatality of epidem1ic typhus among the nmore prosperous classes has been commented on by nuIm1erous writers, especially Graves (Clinical MIedicine, pp. 59-60) and Creighton (History of Epidemnics in Britain, vol.ii, P. 100 et seq., and especially pp. 290-1).Jeanneret- 1Minkine's observations fall iilto line withi those of earlier wr-iters.Davy and Brown's figures (BRITISH MEDICAL .JOURNAL, November 20th, 1915) are consistent with tlle fatality-rate upon the medical officers beinig above tlle general averaae, but the absolute numbers are small.The point is of both tlheoretical and practical interest, which is nmy excuse for calling attention to it.-Iam, etc.,
Geriatric Medicine
Authors: Laurence Z. Rubenstein
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The dramatic growth in geriatric medicine over the past decade stems from a convergence of several forces, the most prominent of which is the rapid expansion in numbers and political clout of the elderly population, together with their rising expectations and their impatience with the current health care system. The medical profession, along with other health professionals, has responded with a surge of interest, research, creative publishing, and training programs in the gerontologic fields. The recent establishment of a certifying examination in geriatrics (Certificate of Added Qualifications in Geriatric Medicine), jointly sponsored by the American boards of both internal medicine and family practice (and passed by over 2400 physicians in the first round), and the recent decision by the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education to accredit the growing number of fellowship programs in geriatrics have solidified this professional expansion. Physician interest in geriatrics will probably expand further with the
Abstract 150: Novel Mechanism for Regulation of Extracellular SOD Expression and Activity by Antioxidant-1
Authors: Kiyoshi Ozumi, Ha Won Kim, Shinichi Itoh, Ronald Mckinney, Rodney Folz, Jay Yang, Osamu Nakagawa, Masuko Ushio-Fukai, Tohru Fukai
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD), a copper-containing secretory antioxidant enzyme, plays an important role in various oxidative stress-dependent cardiovascular diseases. Little is known regarding the mechanisms by which ecSOD expression and activity are regulated. We previously demonstrated that antioxidant-1 (Atox1) functions as a copper chaperone for ecSOD at transGolgi network (TGN) to regulate its activity. Unexpectedly, we also found that ecSOD mRNA is markedly decreased in Atox1-knockout (KO) fibroblasts. We thus hypothesize that Atox1 functions not only as copper chaperone but also as transcription factor to regulate both expression and activity of ecSOD. Here we show that in ApoE-KO mouse aorta, Atox1 was intensely stained in the nucleus at the intimal lesion of atherosclerosis where ecSOD was highly expressed. In cultured mouse fibroblast, copper treatment stimulated translocation of Atox1 from the cytosol to the nucleus. The ecSOD mRNA and its promoter activity were markedly decreased in Atox1 KO cells (82.5% and 85.7% decrease, respectively). Promoter deletion analysis identified Atox1-response element (Atox1-RE) at −314/−304 segment of ecSOD promoter. Gel shift and ChIP assays showed that Atox1 directly bound to the Atox1-RE including DNA segment in a copper dependent manner. To segregate a transcription factor and a copper chaperone function of Atox1, we generated adenovirus expressing wild-type, nucleus-targeted, and TGN-targeted Atox1 (Atox1-WT, Atox1-NLS, and Atox1-TGN). Re-expression of either Atox1-NLS or Atox1-WT, but not Atox1-TGN, in Atox1-KO cells increased ecSOD mRNA by 3.2-and 2.5-fold, respectively. Importantly, re-expression of either Atox1-WT only or both Atox1-NLS and Atox1-TGN in Atox1 KO cells increased ecSOD activity (2.1- and 2.7-fold, respectively), while either Atox1-NLS or Atox1-TGN alone had no effect. In summary, Atox1 functions as a novel copper dependent transcription factor to increase ecSOD expression, and modulates ecSOD activity through both copper chaperone and transcription factor function. Thus, not only ecSOD but also Atox1 are potential therapeutic targets for oxidant stress-dependent cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis.
LA GRIPPE.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radical Prostatectomy versus Watchful Waiting in Early Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anna Bill-Axelson, Lars Holmberg, Mirja Ruutu, Michael Häggman, Swen-Olof Andersson, Stefan Bratell, Anders Spångberg, Christer Busch, Stig Nordling, Hans Garmo, Juni Palmgren, Hans-Olov Adami, Bo Johan Norlén, Jan-Erik Johansson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

In 2002, we reported the initial results of a trial comparing radical prostatectomy with watchful waiting in the management of early prostate cancer. After three more years of follow-up, we report estimated 10-year results.From October 1989 through February 1999, 695 men with early prostate cancer (mean age, 64.7 years) were randomly assigned to radical prostatectomy (347 men) or watchful waiting (348 men). The follow-up was complete through 2003, with blinded evaluation of the causes of death. The primary end point was death due to prostate cancer; the secondary end points were death from any cause, metastasis, and local progression.During a median of 8.2 years of follow-up, 83 men in the surgery group and 106 men in the watchful-waiting group died (P=0.04). In 30 of the 347 men assigned to surgery (8.6 percent) and 50 of the 348 men assigned to watchful waiting (14.4 percent), death was due to prostate cancer. The difference in the cumulative incidence of death due to prostate cancer increased from 2.0 percentage points after 5 years to 5.3 percentage points after 10 years, for a relative risk of 0.56 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.36 to 0.88; P=0.01 by Gray's test). For distant metastasis, the corresponding increase was from 1.7 to 10.2 percentage points, for a relative risk in the surgery group of 0.60 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.42 to 0.86; P=0.004 by Gray's test), and for local progression, the increase was from 19.1 to 25.1 percentage points, for a relative risk of 0.33 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.25 to 0.44; P<0.001 by Gray's test).Radical prostatectomy reduces disease-specific mortality, overall mortality, and the risks of metastasis and local progression. The absolute reduction in the risk of death after 10 years is small, but the reductions in the risks of metastasis and local tumor progression are substantial.
Photoadaptation to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in vivo: photoproducts in epidermal cells following UVB therapy for psoriasis
Authors: V. Bataille, V.J. Bykov, P. Sasieni, S. Harulow, J. Cuzick, K. Hemminki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Background Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is mutagenic and induces specific DNA lesions in human skin that are often found at dipyrimidine sites. These photoproducts are likely to be biologically relevant regarding skin carcinogenesis, as p53 mutations in skin tumours are most often found at these UV radiation‐specific sites within DNA. Psoriasis patients receiving long‐term phototherapy are at an increased risk of non‐melanoma skin cancers. Objectives The aim of this study was to quantify DNA photoproducts in human epidermis in vivo following consecutive doses of UVB and to investigate variations in DNA damage according to skin type, UVB dose and age. Methods Eleven psoriasis patients receiving UVB phototherapy three times a week were recruited and underwent skin biopsies on a non‐sun‐exposed site before starting phototherapy and after three, nine and 18 UVB exposures. A biopsy was also taken at least 4 weeks after stopping phototherapy. DNA was extracted from separated epidermis and three types of photoproducts were quantified using a novel 32P high‐performance liquid chromatographic technique. Results The mean level of cyclobutane dipyrimidine dimers (CPDs) after three doses of UVB (dose range 0·03–0·15 J cm−2) was 3·2 (range 0·8–8·9) photoproducts per 106 normal nucleotides for TT=T dimers and 4·5 (range 0–14) per 106 normal nucleotides for TT=C dimers. The mean levels of TT–C 6–4 photoproducts after three doses of UVB were very low (0·2, range 0–1·8). Overall, the levels of TT=T and TT=C reached a plateau at three exposures and were found to decrease for subsequent exposures despite increasing UVB doses. Skin type was negatively associated with mean levels of CPDs. However, significant differences in levels of photoproducts were seen between individuals, even after adjusting for skin type. No association was found between challenge dose of UVB and photoproduct yield in this study. Conclusions This study showed a great individual variation in the accumulation of DNA photoproducts following exposure to repetitive doses of UVB. Photoadaptive responses of human skin involving DNA repair, tanning and epidermal thickening are likely to explain the overall lack of increase in DNA lesions throughout phototherapy. This in vivo study confirms that psoriasis patients produce a significant amount of DNA photolesions at suberythemal doses of UVB. Further work is needed to investigate which host factors are most likely to predict susceptibility to UV radiation‐induced DNA damage.
Errors in Table 2 and Table 3
Authors: Jonathan Santoro, Kelli Paulsen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2020)

Nathaniel Lizak, MBBS; Charles B. Malpas, PhD; Sifat Sharmin, PhD; Eva Kubala Havrdova, PhD; Dana Horakova, PhD; Guillermo Izquierdo, MD; Sara Eichau, MD; Alessandra Lugaresi, MD; Pierre Duquette, MD; Marc Girard, MD; Alexandre Prat, MD; Catherine Larochelle, MD; Maria Trojano, MD; Francois Grand'Maison, MD; Pierre Grammond, MD; Patrizia Sola, PhD; Diana Ferraro, PhD; Raymond Hupperts, MD; Roberto Bergamaschi, MD; Cavit Boz, MD; Vincent Van Pesch, PhD; Daniele Spitaleri, MD; Murat Terzi, MD; Tomas Kalincik, PhD; MSBase Study Group
Extra scrutiny for industry funded trials
Journal: BMJ (2006)

likely to be promoted may in part reflect this.Investigating this point would require complete data on employment history since graduation.The data will also include doctors in the training grades who may not want to become a consultant, and the results may be partly reflecting the preferences of this group, who are more likely to be female and work part time.However, this group is likely to be small. ConclusionsThe achievement of current government targets for the numbers of consultants are influenced by the promotion process and the quality control exercised by the royal colleges.As the proportion of female doctors increases, it will be difficult to meet government targets unless the promotion process is re-examined.This should focus on the weight given to individuals' skills and ability and the flexibility of contracts and working conditions.Safeguards will need to be in place to ensure that factors less likely to be related to ability or performance (such as sex, place of graduation, or part time working) will not influence promotion chances.Since 2000, when the data used in this paper finish, several changes have been intro-duced that have altered the career structures of hospital doctors.These include the Calman reforms, Modernising Medical Careers, further proposals for reform of the staff or associate specialist grades, and new contracts for junior doctors and consultants.It is unclear what impact these changes will have on the issues discussed in this paper.
New lipid-lowering drug now on the market
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Encomium
Authors: I. H. KRAKOFF
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1969)

Karnofsky, one of the foremost pioneers in cancer chemother apy and an exponent of the interdisci plinary approach to the management of cancer, was responsible more than any one else for the emergence of medical oncology as a clinical discipline.Dr. Karnofsky died at the Maine Coast Memorial Hospital in Ellsworth on August 31, 1969, of the disease he had fought in laboratories and his patients during most of his career.He was born in Los Angeles on March 28, 1914, and received his medical degree from Stanford Univer sity in 1940.His early training in medicine at the Huntington Memorial Hospital in Boston aroused his interest in problems of clinical cancer and cell growth.This led to his assignment to a research team at New York Univer sity during World War II, and then with Dr. C. P. Rhoads in the Chemical Warfare Service, studying the effects of nitrogen mustard on proliferating cells.At the conclusion of the war, he came to New York City with Dr.
Nutritional therapy for adults with renal disease
Authors: C. F. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

During the past decade, advances in nutritional therapy, along with development of long-term hemodialysis therapy and renal transplantation, have added immeasurably to the possibilities of treatment for chronic uremia. Of the three methods, only nutritional therapy is applicable in every case. If the patient is able to ingest a diet containing adequate essential amino acids, 1,800 to 3,500 kcal, and essential vitamins and minerals, lessening of uremic symptoms and a positive nitrogen balance often ensue. Similar attention to the protein, calorie, mineral, and vitamin content of the diet will benefit patients with the nephrotic syndrome or acute renal failure.
Correction
Journal: JAMA (1983)

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Physicians' use and opinions of screening tests in ambulatory practice
Authors: B. Bates
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Internists and general practitioners were interviewed in random sample to determine their opinions and use of 24 screening tests for patients aged 40 to 65 years. Present practice patterns ranged from urinalysis, done by 97% of physicians to mammography, done by 1%. A significant proportion reported many tests ideally desirable, although not now usually done. Most frequently cited reasons for not using ideally desired tests included patients' expense, physicians' reluctance to use tests without clinical indication, lack of office facilities, and amount of physicians' time and inconvenience. Most common reasons for not wanting other tests used were reluctance to use them without clinical indication, low yield, and expense. Although an automated multiphasic screening system may solve problems of logistics and expense, physicians' dependence on clinical indication and fear of losing medical control may reduce utilization.
In Brief
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cadmium Analysis by Radiochemical Neutron Activation Analysis
Authors: Robert R. Greenberg, Mario Gallorini, Thomas E. Gills
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) has been routinely used at the National Bureau of Standards to analyze Cd in a variety of environmentally important matrices. The method used to separate Cd from other neutron-activated products is solvent extraction. Zinc diethyldithiocarbamate [Zn(DDC)2] in chloroform will quantitatively extract Cd from an aqueous solution over a pH range from 1 to 12. In addition to the extraction of Cd, Zn(DDC)2 will also extract Cu, which can interfere with the Cd analysis by producing a high background level of radiation. This can be avoided by first extracting with Bi(DDC)3 in chloroform which removes Cu, but not Cd. Copper concentrations can, therefore, be determined in addition to Cd. This two extraction radiochemical separation procedure is very versatile and is often used as part of a larger multi-element analysis scheme. One such scheme involves the use of an inorganic-ion exchanger, Hydrated Manganese Dioxide (HMD), to retain As, Sb, Se, and Cr prior to extraction. The eluted fraction is then extracted with Bi(DDC)3 to remove Cu, and then with Zn(DDC)2 to remove Cd.