tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PET scanning.
Authors: R. S. Frackowiak, T. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1989)

<b>Background:</b> NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays a critical role in various pulmonary inflammatory disorders. However, the conjugation of NLRP3 inflammasome with the mitochondria in acute lung injury is not well known. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, we aimed to evaluate the link between NLRP3 and mitochondria in various inflammatory cells using acute lung injury animal model and human plasma samples. <b>Results:</b> LPS-instilled mice showed typical features of neutrophil-dominant acute lung injury such as pulmonary neutrophilia, vascular leakage, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB, increased expression of Toll-like receptor 4, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation. Interestingly, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation indicators, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were dramatically increased in lung tissues, particularly in the mitochondrial fraction. Moreover, we also found that mature IL-1β and IL-18, as well as mitochondrial proteins, were increased in the plasma from patients with acute lung injury. When LPS-instilled mice were treated with MCC950 or NecroX, mice showed the dramatic improvement of all inflammatory features, attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and its dissociation from the mitochondrial fraction. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, especially the conjugation with mitochondria, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced acute lung injury. Besides, this study provides a potential of the use of plasma NLRP3-related proteins or mitochondrial protein as a biomarker, which allows us to predict the severity and therapeutic responses for acute lung injury.
Reply
Authors: Pierre Pradat, Alfredo Alberti, Christian Tepo
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Puoti et al. stress the importance of choosing a longer observation period to better discriminate between hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (PNAL) and patients with transient biochemical remission.We fully agree with these comments.It is of course possible that some patients classified as having PNAL develop ALT flares after the follow-up period, resulting in a misclassification.We therefore looked back at all hepatitis C virus carriers with normal ALT levels included in our study.The overall mean length of follow-up evaluation is now 21 months.Only 2 patients had an ALT reactivation.In both cases, this reactivation was mild and transient and possibly could be related to medication (these patients were taking antibiotics).There was no difference in histologic findings in these 2 cases compared with the others.One had F0, the other F1.As mentioned by Puoti et al., a misclassification could have resulted in a higher than expected prevalence of severe liver damage in the group of patients with PNAL.This strengthens the message given in our report saying that an important proportion (26%) of subjects with PNAL may present histologic scores above A1F1.It is reasonable to believe that the shorter the follow-up period, the higher the risk for misclassification.In clinical practice and especially when the observation period is short, patients with PNAL levels should be offered an assessment of liver histology by liver biopsy or possibly in the future by alternative sets of biochemical markers to avoid false reassurance of normal ALT levels.Unfortunately, the availability of virologic information in the database and information on risk factors was not good enough to allow any relevant comparison between the groups.
Salmeterol Xinafoate vs Albuterol in Asthma: Was Race a Factor?
Authors: Christopher O. Olopade
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We read with interest the study by Dr D'Alonzo and colleagues.<sup>1</sup>As pulmonary physicians who provide health care for inner-city, indigent minorities with asthma, we found the conclusion of the study, "Salmeterol inhaled twice daily is more effective than albuterol inhaled four times a day (or as needed) in patients with asthma requiring maintenance therapy," of particular significance to our patients. This is because some of these patients are not fully compliant with inhaled β<sub>2</sub>-agonist therapy administered four times a day and, thus, might be at risk for an acute asthma attack. However, we noticed that in Table 1 of the article the volunteers were not stratified according to race. We believe this point is important because it is well established that the mortality rate from asthma is higher amomg blacks than whites in the United States.<sup>2</sup>For example, 429 persons died with
Bile acids measured in pediatric illness
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells modulate T‐cell phenotypes in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Q. L. Fu, Y. Y. Chow, S. J. Sun, Q. X. Zeng, H. B. Li, J. B. Shi, Y. Q. Sun, W. Wen, H. F. Tse, Q. Lian, G. Xu
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Human induced pluripotent stem cells ( iPSC s) possess remarkable self‐renewal capacity and the potential to differentiate into novel cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). iPSC ‐MSCs have been shown to enhance tissue regeneration and attenuate tissue ischaemia; however, their contribution to the immune regulation of Th2‐skewed allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma remains unclear. Objective This study compared the immunomodulatory effects of iPSC ‐MSCs and bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) on lymphocyte proliferation, T‐cell phenotypes and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with AR, and investigated the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory properties of iPSC ‐MSCs. Methods In co‐cultures of PBMCs with iPSC ‐MSCs or BM‐MSCs, lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated using 3H‐thymidine (3H‐TdR) uptake, carboxyfluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester (CFDA‐SE) assays; the regulatory T‐cell (Treg) phenotype was determined by flow cytometry, and cytokine levels were measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The immunomodulatory properties of both MSCs were further evaluated using NS398 and transwell experiments. Results Similar to BM‐MSCs, we determined that iPSC ‐MSCs significantly inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and promote Treg response in PBMCs ( P &lt; 0.05). Accordingly, the cytokine milieu (IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10 and IL‐13) in the supernatants of PBMCs changed significantly ( P &lt; 0.05). The immunomodulatory properties of iPSC ‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs were associated with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and cell–cell contact. Conclusions These data demonstrate that iPSC ‐MSCs are capable of modulating T‐cell phenotypes towards Th2 suppression through inducing Treg expansion, suggesting that iPSC ‐MSCs can be used as an alternative candidate to adult MSCs to treat allergic airway diseases.
A Labor of Love
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Present Application and Standardization of Staphylococcal Phage Typing
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disposition of Orally Administered 2,2-Bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)Propane (Bisphenol A) in Pregnant Rats and the Placental Transfer to Fetuses
Authors: Osamu Takahashi, Shinshi Oishi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

We studied the disposition of bisphenol A (BPA) in pregnant female F344/DuCrj(Fischer) rats and its placental transfer to fetuses after a single oral administration of 1 g/kg BPA dissolved in propylene glycol. BPA in maternal blood, liver, and kidney reached maximal concentrations (14.7, 171, and 36 microg/g) 20 min after the administration and gradually decreased. The levels were 2-5% of the maximum 6 hr after the administration. The maximal concentration of BPA in fetuses (9 microg/g) was also attained 20 min after the administration. BPA levels then gradually reduced in a similar manner to maternal blood. These results suggest that the absorption and distribution of BPA in maternal organs and fetuses are extremely rapid and that the placenta does not act as a barrier to BPA.
PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF PHASE CONTRAST CINE-MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF CORONARY SINUS AFTER NON-ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Yoshihisa Kanaji, Taishi Yonetsu, Eisuke Usui, Masahiro Hoshino, Yohei Sumino, Hiroaki Ohya, Tadashi Fukuda, Rikuta Hamaya, Yoshinori Kanno, Tsunekazu Kakuta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Keeping up with Cancer
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1955)

as that generally reported with radical surgery.Disadvantages include (I) failure to control radioresistant but locally re movable extramammary cancer, (2) haz ards to the lung apex in patients with active upper-lobe tuberculosis,(3) prob able failure to secure adequate radiation dosage in obese patients, (4) possible tis sue injury if the procedure is not done meticulously, and (5) prolongation of therapy two to three weeks after surgery.
ACID INTOXICATION, AND LATE POISONOUS EFFECTS OF ANESTHETICS.HEPATIC TOXEMIA. ACUTE FATTY DEGENERATION OF THE LIVER FOLLOWING CHLOROFORM AND ETHER ANESTHESIA.
Authors: ARTHUR DEAN BEVAN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Stocker,<sup>5</sup>in 1895, reports an operation for strangulation of pedicle of ovarian cyst. A gangrenous pedicle was found and cyst and pedicle were removed. Stocker makes no mention of the anesthetic, but in Cohn's article referred to later he mentions chloroform as the anesthetic used. Probably this statement was made to Cohn personally. Shortly after the operation icterus was noted, the patient became restless, finally became comatose and died. An acute yellow atrophy of the liver was found at autopsy. Stocker believes that the atrophy resulted from the absorption of toxins from the strangulated and gangrenous pedicle. He does not lay much stress on the anesthetic used. Victor Bandler,<sup>14</sup>in 1896, reports a case of late chloroform poisoning from Wölfer's clinic. <h3>Patient.</h3> —Male, 42 years old; glass blower by occupation; apparently in good health, but a heavy beer drinker, often taking as many as 101 daily, was operated
TOO MUCH QUALIFIED.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of Antioxidant Enzymes in Lung after Oxidant Injury
Authors: T. Quinlan, S. Spivack, B. T. Mossman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Studies have implicated active oxygen species lAOS) in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases.Many chemical and physical agents in the environment are potent generators of AOS, including ozone, hyperoxia, mineral dusts, paraquat, etc.These agents produce AOS by different mechanisms, but frequently the lung is the primary target of toxicity, and exposure results in damage to lung tissue to varying degrees.The lung has developed defenses to AOS-mediated damage, which include antioxidant enzymes, the superoxide dismutases [copper-zinc (CuZnSOD) and man- ganese-containing (MnSOD)I, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX).In this review, antioxidant defenses to environmental stresses in the lung as well as in isolated pulmonary cells following exposure to a number of different oxidants, are summarized.Each oxidant appears to induce a differ- ent pattern of antioxidant enzyme response in the lung, although some common trends, i.e., induction of MnSOD following oxidants inducing inflammation or pulmonary fibrosis, in responses to oxidants occur.Responses may vary between the different cell types in the lung as a function of cell-cycle or other factors.Increases in MnSOD mRNA or immunoreactive protein in response to certain oxidants may serve as a biomarker of AOSmediated damage in the lung.
Traffic Safety
Authors: Dinesh Mohan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

O n 7 April 2004 hundreds of organisations around the globe hosted events to raise awareness of road traffic injuries and their grave consequences and enormous costs to society. For the first time in the history of the World Health Organization, this day—world health day—was devoted to road safety. Dr Lee Jong-wook, WHO's director general, officially launched the World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention in Paris and handed a copy to President Chirac. Around the same time Leonard Evans published his second book, Traffic Safety. In the preface Evans says he has tried to place more emphasis on policy and to go "to the heart of the problem, with unconstrained analysis of the inadequacies of government in one of its chief responsibilities—to protect life and enhance public safety." The book, though centred on the United States, succeeds in doing this. Leonard Evans Science Serving Society, $99.50, pp 445 ISBN 0 9754871 0 8http://www.scienceservingsociety.com/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> According to WHO estimates, each day as many as 140 000 people are injured on the world's roads, more than 3000 die, and some 15 000 are disabled … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Checkpoint Inhibitor Combo Effective for RCC
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Abstract In a phase III trial, the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab yielded more and longer responses than sunitinib in patients with renal cell carcinoma at intermediate or high risk of progression. More than 41% of patients who received the immunotherapy combination responded, compared with 26.5% of patients who received sunitinib. Patients receiving the combination also experienced longer progression-free survival and fewer side effects.
Single institute analysis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with concurrent chemoradiation with either cisplatin versus cetuximab.
Authors: Il Seok Jeong, Matthew Kim, Anthony L. Nguyen, Huan Mo, Bruce Hayton, David Xu, Huynh Le Cao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e17571 Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is currently the sixth most common cancer in the world and is linked to tobacco, alcohol and human papillomavirus (HPV). Cisplatin (Cs)-based concurrent chemoradiation is currently the standard treatment for locally advanced disease with a desire for organ preservation. In 2006, cetuximab (Cx) with radiation was approved as another option for this indication. We performed a single institute retrospective analysis to explore the difference in efficacy between Cs and Cx regimens with respect to P16 and smoking status. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed pts in Loma Linda University Medical Center (LLUMC) with locally advanced SCCHN who received concurrent chemoradiation with either Cx or Cs as first-line treatment from 2006 to present. We excluded patients with nasopharyngeal cancers, and patients having surgery as first line of treatment. Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) with respect to p16 status and smoking status are the two primary endpoints. Results: Based on our study criteria, 115 out of 1545 screened pts qualified. The average age at diagnosis was 60 years. 75.7% were males and 24.3% were females. Median follow-up is 26 months. There are overall 55 DFS events and 23 OS events. Comparing between smokers (S, n = 44) and non-smokers (NS, n = 42), there is no significant difference in OS (NS: HR = 0.73 [0.28-1.92], p = 0.52) while the DFS was significantly better in the NS (NS: HR = 0.53 [0.29-0.98], p = 0.043). The overall median OS of the P16-pos pts (n = 49) is not reached while that of P16-neg pts (n = 12) is 36 mo (P16-neg: HR = 6.431 [1.71-24.13], p = 0.0058). The overall median DFS of the P16-pos pts is not reached while that of P16-neg pts is 6.5 mo (P16-neg: HR = 5.39 [2.32-12.54], p &lt; 0.001). Overall, the median OS of Cx is 132 mo while that of Cs is not reached (Cs: HR = 0.38 [0.16-0.90], p = 0.027). The median DFS is 30 mo for Cs and 25 mo for Cx. Within P16-pos population, there are 4 OS events in Cx (n = 18) while 0 in Cs (n = 31)(p = 0.0062, favors Cs); there are 5 DFS events in Cx while 9 in Cs (Cs: HR = 1.17 [0.39-3.51], p = 0.78). The median OS and DFS for both groups are not reached. Conclusions: Our analysis of retrospective single institute data shows that positive P16 significantly associates with better OS. These findings are consistent with previous reports. Compared to Cx, the Cs regimen significantly associates with a better OS but not DFS in both overall and P16-pos populations.
BACTERIOLOGIC FLORA OF THE LUNGS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effectiveness and Tolerability of Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide and Low-Dose Intravenous Interleukin-2 Disseminated Melanoma
Authors: Malcolm S. Mitchell, Raymond A. Kempf, William Harel, Hungyi Shau, William D. Boswell, Susan Lind, Edward C. Bradley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

The title of the article by Mitchell et al published in the March 1988 issue (6:409–424) should have read "Effectiveness and Tolerability of Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide and Low-Dose Intravenous Interleukin-2 in Disseminated Melanoma." The word "in" was erroneously left out.