tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Panel Urges Early Eye Examinations
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Mad-Stone.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch für Studirende und Aerzte von Dr. Emil Kraepelin, Professor an der Universitat Heidelberg. Sechste, vollständig umgearbeitete Auflage.</i>(Leipzig, Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth. 1899.) (<i>Psychiatry.</i>By Dr. EMIL KRAEPELIN. Sixth completely revised edition.)
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1900)
The biomedical research community: its place in consensus development
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adjusting for Inflation and Higher Surgery Costs in a Cost-Effectiveness Study of Spinal Surgery
Authors: Dominic J. Balestra
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters5 May 2009Adjusting for Inflation and Higher Surgery Costs in a Cost-Effectiveness Study of Spinal SurgeryDominic J. Balestra, MDDominic J. Balestra, MDFrom Dartmouth College, Lenanon, NH 03766.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I appreciated the article by Tosteson and colleagues (1) estimating the cost-effectiveness of back surgery. As a retired general internist who treated many patients with back pain at the White River Junction Veterans Affairs Hospital over many years in both short-term and long-term settings (“walk-in” clinic, emergency department, scheduled general medical clinic) and who has some familiarity with Richard Deyo's seminal work on back pain, several questions come to mind.First, the authors mention that most patients were symptomatic for at least 6 to 7 months before study in multidisciplinary spine practices. Did each study site allow ...Reference1. Tosteson AN, Lurie JD, Tosteson TD, Skinner JS, Herkowitz H, Albert T, et al; SPORT Investigators. Surgical treatment of spinal stenosis with and without degenerative spondylolisthesis: cost-effectiveness after 2 years. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:845-53. [PMID: 19075203] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Dominic J. Balestra, MDAffiliations: From Dartmouth College, Lenanon, NH 03766.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSurgical Treatment of Spinal Stenosis with and without Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Cost-Effectiveness after 2 Years Anna N.A. Tosteson , Jon D. Lurie , Tor D. Tosteson , Jonathan S. Skinner , Harry Herkowitz , Todd Albert , Scott D. Boden , Keith Bridwell , Michael Longley , Gunnar B. Andersson , Emily A. Blood , Margaret R. Grove , and James N. Weinstein , for the SPORT Investigators* Adjusting for Inflation and Higher Surgery Costs in a Cost-Effectiveness Study of Spinal Surgery Anna N.A. Tosteson , James N. Weinstein , and Jonathan S. Skinner Adjusting for Inflation and Higher Surgery Costs in a Cost-Effectiveness Study of Spinal Surgery Neil H. Shusterman and Haim Erder Metrics 5 May 2009Volume 150, Issue 9 Page: 652 Keywords Conflicts of interest Emergency department Hospitals Lower back pain Medicare Primary care physicians Rivers Spine Surgery ePublished: 5 May 2009 Issue Published: 5 May 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Simultaneous transurethral prostatectomy and herniorrhaphy. A study of 63 cases
Authors: J. H. Herz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Transurethral prostatectomy and herniorrhaphy were performed as a combined procedure for 63 patients during the period 1974 to 1978. The intraoperative and postoperative courses are compared with those of a control group of 82 patients who underwent herniorrhaphies as an isolated procedure during the same period. The simultaneous performance of transurethral prostatectomy and herniorrhaphy in this group of patients was safe as well as cost-effective. (<i>JAMA</i>244:586-587, 1980)
Effect of antibiotic treatment on outcome of fevers in institutionalized Alzheimer patients
Authors: K. J. Fabiszewski
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Fever episodes in 104 institutionalized patients with Alzheimer's disease were prospectively evaluated to determine the impact of antibiotic treatment on fever outcomes. During the 34-month observation period, 75 patients developed 172 episodes of fever and 29 patients had no fevers. Patients who developed fevers had more advanced disease than patients who did not. Patients who received diagnostic workup of all fevers and treatment with antibiotics (Antibiotic Group) were compared with patients who received comfort measures only (Palliative Group). The incidence of fever was similar in the Antibiotic and Palliative groups. Survival analysis revealed that, for the more severely affected patients, there was no difference in survival between the groups. Among less severely affected patients, survival was higher for the Antibiotic than the Palliative Group. These results suggest that treatment of fever with antibiotics does not alter the outcome of fever in patients with advanced Alzheimer's disease. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:3168-3172)
The status of local smoking regulations in North Carolina following a state preemption bill
Authors: E. Conlisk
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the number and protectiveness of local smoking regulations adopted before the implementation of a preemptive statewide smoking control bill. <h3>Method.</h3> —Review of local smoking control regulations from all 100 counties and 85 municipalities with populations greater than 5000 in North Carolina. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Adoption of local smoking control regulations before and during the 3-month delay in enactment of the preemptive bill. Protectiveness of regulations was based on restrictions on smoking and requirements for separate ventilation systems at private work sites: none (smoking unrestricted); minimal (smoking restricted to designated areas); partial (smoking restricted to designated areas served by separate ventilation systems); and complete (smoking prohibited). Because some regulations would be phased in gradually over the next 5 years, we evaluated the requirements that will be in effect by January 1, 2000. <h3>Results.</h3> —Between July 15 and October 15,1993, the number of local smoking regulations in North Carolina increased from 16 to 105. By the year 2000, 59% of private employees still will not be guaranteed any protection from work site environmental tobacco smoke; 19% will have minimal protection, 22% will have partial protection, and none will have complete protection. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The 3-month delay in preemption created an unnatural time frame for communities to organize, debate, and adopt smoking restrictions. Despite the adoption of 89 new regulations, no private employees will be guaranteed complete protection from work site environmental tobacco smoke by the year 2000; new regulations can no longer be adopted. HB 957 has been a setback for public health in North Carolina. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:805-807)
Intravenous Ethanol Aids Open Heart Surgery
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antithrombotic Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation with Stable Coronary Disease
Authors: Robert Zeiser, Takanori Teshima, Franco Locatelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2021)

The authors reply: Gratwohl observed that survival did not differ substantially between the trial groups at 6 months.Long-term survival will be reported when longer follow-up is available.However, we note that the trial was not powered to detect differences in overall survival and that the probability of survival may have been influenced by rescue therapies and crossover to ruxolitinib, which occurred in 61 patients at primary analysis and is likely to influence results from longer follow-up.Nevertheless, we do not believe that treatments must improve survival to be beneficial in this chronic disease.The open-label design that Gratwohl criticizes was unavoidable because no standard comparator is available.Instead, the control group received therapy for chronic GVHD according to investigator choice from 10 treatment options.Given the lack of standard practice in the field, the treatment that the patient would have received in clinical practice was considered the best comparator.Lastly, we note that the primary end point of this trial was overall response at week 24, which was checked for accuracy against National Institutes of Health response criteria.Key secondary end points were patient-reported symptoms and failure-free survival, which were improved in the ruxolitinib group.We agree that because this was not a blinded trial, clinician assessments, patient symptoms, and decisions about changing therapies may have been affected by the open-label design, but the consistency and magnitude of results from different perspectives, all in favor of ruxolitinib, give great confidence in the robustness of the results.Shibusawa summarizes South American and U.S. data about the association of socioeconomic status with survival and patient-reported symptoms of chronic GVHD.We did not collect information on income, ability to work, or having a partner to address whether these factors were associated with response, but randomization and adjustment for baseline symptom burden should have minimized substantial imbalances between the trial groups.
SUDDEN DEATH
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Translational Highlights from the Endocrine Society Journals
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2014)

Obestatin is a 23-amino-acid amidated peptide that is encoded by the ghrelin gene.Previous studies have shown obestatin can modulate the hypothalamic neuronal circuitry that regulates pituitary function, perhaps by modulating the actions of ghrelin.However, the direct actions of obestatin on pituitary function remain controversial.Here, primary pituitary cell cultures from a nonhuman primate (baboon) and mice were used to test the effects of obestatin on pituitary hormone expression and secretion.In pituitary cultures from both species, obestatin had no effect on prolactin, LH, FSH, or TSH expression/release.Conversely, obestatin stimulated proopiomelanocortin expression and ACTH release and inhibited GH expression/release in vitro, actions that were also observed in vivo in mice treated with obestatin.In vitro, obestatin inhibited the stimulatory actions of ghrelin on GH but not ACTH release.The inhibitory effect of obestatin on somatotrope function was associated with an overall reduction in pituitary transcription factor-1 and GHRH receptor mRNA levels in vitro and in vivo as well as a reduction in hypothalamic GHRH and ghrelin expression in vivo.The stimulatory effect of obestatin on ACTH was associated with an increase in pituitary CRF receptors.Obestatin also reduced the expression of pituitary somatostatin receptors (sst1/sst2), which could serve to modify its impact on hormone secretion.The in vitro actions of obestatin on both GH and ACTH release required the adenylyl cyclase and MAPK routes.Taken together, our results provide evidence that obestatin can act directly at the pituitary to control somatotrope and corticotrope function, and these effects are conserved across species.
Smoking During Pregnancy—United States, 1990-2002
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Cigarette smoking during pregnancy adversely affects the health of both mother and child. The risk for adverse maternal conditions (e.g., premature rupture of membranes, abruptio placentae, and placenta previa) and poor pregnancy outcomes (e.g., neonatal mortality and stillbirth, preterm delivery, and sudden infant death syndrome) is increased by maternal smoking. Infants born to mothers who smoke weigh less than other infants, and low birthweight (<2,500 grams) is a key predictor for infant mortality. Infertility and conception delay also might be elevated by smoking. National health objectives for 2010 target an increase in cessation to 30% among pregnant smokers during the first trimester and abstinence from cigarettes by 99% of women giving birth. To assess progress toward these goals, CDC analyzed state-specific trends in maternal smoking during 1990-2002 by using data collected on birth certificates. This report summarizes the results of those analyses, which indicated that whereas participating areas observed a significant decline in maternal smoking during the surveillance period, 10 states reported recent increases in smoking by pregnant teens. Although the widespread public health message to abstain from smoking during pregnancy has helped decrease maternal smoking, to reduce prevalence further, implementation of additional interventions are required.
Youthful Male Homosexuality
Authors: Thomas Roesler
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Interviews with young men ages 16 to 22 who had had at least one homosexual experience to orgasm revealed that certain significant events over a period of time usually preceded the individual's self-designation, "I am a homosexual." These events include (1) early sex play (whether prepuberty or postpuberty) the individual recalled as homosexual in nature, (2) actually seeking persons for homosexual contact (as adolescents), and (3) "coming out" (participating in the gay world). Four years separated the mean ages of first homosexual experience to orgasm<sup>14</sup>and self-designation as a homosexual.<sup>18</sup>This period was, for many, one of extreme emotional turmoil. Of 60 subjects, 29 (48%) had visited a psychiatrist and 19 (31%) had made what they considered to be a significant suicide attempt.
Regulation of bile acid synthesis
Authors: Z Vlahcevic
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

BILE ACIDS AND CHOLESTEROL HOMEOSTASISCholesterol is an obligatory precursor of bile acids.Bile acid synthesis from cholesterol plays an important role in liver and total body cholesterol homeostasis.Cholesterol input to the body takes place either through intestinal absorption of exogenous (dietary) cholesterol or by de nouo synthesis of cholesterol from acetyl coenzyme A (CoA).Dietary cholesterol is absorbed from the small intestine after solubilization in the bile salt-containing micelles.Dietary cholesterol subsequently reaches the liver through the chylomicron remnants.The two input pathways are tightly interregulated; dietary cholesterol (or its oxidation product) inhibits cholesterol synthesis by transcriptional repression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, the rate-determining enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway.Conversely, a decrease in the input of dietary cholesterol results in an increase of endogenous synthesis of cholesterol.Elimination of cholesterol from the body also takes place through two major pathways.Approximately 40% of total cholesterol removal occurs by its conversion to bile acids, a process that takes place exclusively in the liver.During this biotransformation, a water-insoluble molecule of cholesterol is converted into a water-soluble molecule of bile acid.The second pathway of cholesterol removal is the canalicular secretion of cholesterol into the bile, a process coupled with secretion of bile acids.Nonhepatic pathways for elimination of cholesterolincluding synthesis of steroid hormones, desquamation of epithelial cells and pancreatic secretionare of minor quantitative importance (1, 2).Under physiological circumstances, cholesterol input and output pathways are in balance (i.e., cholesterol homeostasis is maintained) (Fig. 1).Cholesterol in the liver is present in free and esterified forms.Bile acid synthesis and biliary cholesterol secretion are derived from a metabolically active pool of free cholesterol.The input into this pool comes from de nouo synthesis of cholesterol, from plasma lipopro-
Endemic myobacterial ulceration
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEDEX
Authors: Richard A. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The state of Washington, like many other states in this nation, is faced with a severe manpower shortage in the medical profession. Much of the shortage can be explained by distribution patterns; that is, there are certain population segments in the state which have difficulty obtaining adequate medical care when and where they need it. In some areas, this difficulty is due primarily to a lack of physician manpower. According to the Washington State Medical Education and Research Foundation, this fact is true especially in the rural parts of the state where the physician-patient ratio is constantly decreasing due to the urban migration of physicians and replacement failures. In addition, the age of general practitioners in these rural areas is steadily increasing.<sup>1</sup>Thus efforts are needed to be directed to increasing the capacity of practitioners already in the areas, as well as making general practice more attractive to physicians