tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Prevalence and Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis: A Registry-Based Matched Case–Control Study”
Authors: Jihyun An, Ju Hyun Shim, Seon-Ok Kim, Danbi Lee, Kang Mo Kim, Young-Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Young-Hwa Chung, Yung Sang Lee
Journal: Circulation (2015)

We thank Drs Lin, Wang, and Han very much for their interest and comments on our recent article evaluating the prevalence and risk factors of silent coronary artery disease in patients with liver cirrhosis. 1n previous studies, the prevalence of hypertension in cirrhotic liver transplant candidates was reported to be 10% to 30%, and varied depending on the study population. 2,3It has been found that vasodilatation with low systemic vascular resistance, increased cardiac output, high arterial compliance, central hypovolemia, reduced baroreflex sensitivity, and abnormal renal autoregulation play pivotal roles in the circulatory dysfunction, including reduced arterial blood pressure, in patients with cirrhosis.Because there is an overall direct relation between the severity of cirrhosis as reflected by the Child-Turcott-Pugh or Model for End-stage Liver Disease score and the degree of hemodynamic dysregulation, it appears that circulatory homeostasis is largely intact in patients with early-stage cirrhosis. 4n our series, the presence of arterial hypertension was significantly more common in patients with Child-Turcott-Pugh class A or B than in those with Child-Turcott-Pugh class C (36.8% [266/723] versus 26.1% [82/322], P=0.001).][3] Second, there is usually a practical limitation in clinically distinguishing between hepatogenous diabetes mellitus and the other types of diabetes mellitus in cirrhotic individuals.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in cirrhotic liver transplant candidates has been reported to be 23% to 36% in previous studies, which is consistent with our finding of 24.2%. 2,3Although a cohort study by Tamura et al suggested that hepatic cirrhosis per se has a suppressive effect on the development of atherosclerotic lesions, 5 specifically in the carotid vasculature of diabetic patients, diabetes mellitus has been repeatedly found to have coronary atherosclerogenic potential in multiple studies of various hepatopathic populations. 1,2inally, the cardiovascular protective effect attributable to the antioxidant properties of bilirubin has so far been mainly recognized in the general nonhepatic population, rather than in liver-diseased subjects. 6Indeed, we found that the hepatopathic elevation of serum bilirubin, a component of the Child-Turcott-Pugh and Model for Endstage Liver Disease scores, was not associated with a decreased risk of obstructive coronary artery disease in our cirrhotic cohort (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.02;P=0.579).Further studies carefully focused on the hepatopathic population are needed to provide solid evidence of a substantial effect of pathological hyperbilirubinemia on oxidative stress-mediated disease, including atherosclerotic disorders.
Death in the city. An American childhood tragedy
Authors: L. Ropp
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To look at trends in mortality and homicide rates in a specific metropolitan area, comparing the urban and suburban mortality trends. <h3>Design.</h3> —Descriptive study of mortality rates. Linear regression determined whether changes in mortality rates over time represented significant trends. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Industrial metropolitan area in the United States, population, 2337891. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Pediatric deaths (1 to 18 years of age) in a 9-year period. Population characteristics: 36% black, 64% white, 50% each urban and suburban. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Pediatric mortality rates for 1980 through 1988, grouped by urban vs suburban, age, gender, and race. Rates calculated using national census figures and plotted over time. <h3>Results.</h3> —There was a 50% increase in all-cause mortality in the urban pediatric population as compared with no change or a slight decline in the suburban and national populations. The increase was found in the black urban population. Homicide showed the largest increase (252%). Firearm-related homicides accounted for the majority of homicide deaths. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —(1) There were significant differences in mortality between the urban and suburban pediatric populations. (2) The increase in homicides, specifically firearm homicides, in the urban population accounted for the increase in overall mortality rates. (3) The increase in homicide rates was significant only for the 10- to 14-year-old males and the 15- to 18-year-old male and female portions of the black urban population. (4) Firearm homicides have become epidemic in the black urban population we studied. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2905-2910)
Gemcitabine (G) plus cisplatin (C) plus radiotherapy in first-line treatment of locally advanced and metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma of the nasopharyngeal type (UCNT): Preliminary results of a phase II study
Authors: S. Adane, M. Sadouki, F. Mekki, K. Bouzid
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

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MEDICOLEGAL APPLICATION OF THE BLOOD GROUP
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Development of a Novel Method for Cell Transplantation Through the Coronary Artery
Authors: Ken Suzuki, Nigel J. Brand, Ryszard T. Smolenski, Jay Jayakumar, Bari Murtuza, Magdi H. Yacoub
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Cell transplantation is a promising strategy to treat end-stage heart failure. At present, a popular method to deliver cells into the heart is direct intramuscular injection. This method, however, may not be efficient in spreading cells globally into the myocardium. We have developed a novel method for cell transplantation using intracoronary infusion. Methods and Results —An L6 rat skeletal muscle cell line expressing β-galactosidase (β-gal) was generated by gene transfection and clonal selection. These cells (10 6 in 1 mL medium) were infused into explanted rat hearts through the coronary artery, followed by heterotopic heart transplantation into the abdomen of recipients. Control hearts were infused with cell-free medium. According to β-gal activity measurements, ≈5×10 5 grafted cells per heart existed on day 3, increasing to 5×10 6 on day 28 in the cell-transplanted hearts. At day 28, discrete loci positively stained for β-gal were observed throughout the cardiac layers of both left and right coronary territories. Some of them differentiated into β-gal–positive multinucleated myotubes that aligned with the cardiac fiber axis and integrated into the native myocardium, whereas others formed colonies consisting of undifferentiated myoblasts. Connexin 43, a cardiac gap junction protein, was expressed between grafted cells and native cardiomyocytes. No reduction in cardiac function was observed in a Langendorff perfusion system. Conclusions —We have developed a unique method for efficient cell transplantation based on intracoronary infusion. This method, potentially applicable in the clinical setting during cardiac surgery, could be useful to globally supply cells to the heart.
Update: Influenza Activity—1995-96 Season
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prospecting for Heaven: Some Conversations About Science and the Good Life.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DIPHTHERIA IN THE UNITED STATES
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Telemedicine-Reply
Authors: Douglas A. Perednia
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The MCG is unusual in its emphasis on medical consultation to support its ambitious project. Most telemedicine projects use their expensive teleconferencing infrastructure for nonclinical purposes because consultations alone cannot justify the capital and operating costs. Simple arithmetic applied to the MCG project illustrates this point. In 1994, their third year of operation, the MCG had six sites operating at an equipment cost of about $135 000 per site, or $810 000 total.<sup>1,2</sup>About 132 patient-physician consults were done, with an approximate average time per consult of 33 minutes.<sup>3</sup>Therefore, total system time for clinical consultation was about 73 hours (132×0.55 hours). Thus, the average weekly utilization rate was about 1.8 hours overall, or less than 20 minutes per site. Assuming 5-year straight-line depreciation, equipment costs amount to $162 000 per year, or about $2219 per hour of consultation. This figure does not include the cost
The challenge
Authors: D. M. Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1990)

MEDICAL practice is in the middle of a profound transition. Most physicians can remember the day when, armed with a degree, a mission, and confidence, they could set forth to heal the sick. Like Solomon, physicians could receive patients, hear their complaints, and determine the best course of action. While not every patient could be cured, everyone could be confident that whatever was done was the best possible. Most important, each physician was free, trusted, and left alone to determine what was in the best interest of each patient. All of that is changing. In retrospect, the first changes seem minor—some increased paperwork, "tissue" committees, a few more meetings. These activities were designed to affect the presumably small fraction of physicians who, in fact, deserved to be scrutinized, and the scrutiny was an internal process performed by physicians themselves. But today's activities are aimed at all physicians, are much more
Laboratory Manual in College Physiology.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Induction of Metallothionein as an Adaptive Mechanism Affecting the Magnitude and Progression of Toxicological Injury
Authors: Curtis D. Klaassen, Jie Liu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Pretreatment of rats with low doses of Cd produces adaptive tolerance to a subsequent high dose of Cd-induced lethality, thus shifting the dose-response curve to the right.Cd pretreatment of animals also protects against the hepatotoxicity produced by high doses of Cd.This protection is attributable to the 10-to 50-fold induction of hepatic metallothionein (MT) by Cd pretreatment.As a result hepatic subcellular distribution of Cd is significantly altered, with more Cd bound to MT in the cytosol and a concomitant reduction of Cd in other critical organelles.In addition MT- transgenic animals are more resistant, whereas MT-null mice are more sensitive than controls to Cd-induced lethality and hepatotoxicity.This further demonstrates that MT is important in Cd detoxication.Induction of hepatic MT by zinc also protects mice from carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)induced liver injury, with more 14C-CCI4 bound to MT in the cytosol.MT-null mice are more sensitive to CCI4-induced hepatotoxicity, which supports the hypothesis that induction of MT also plays a protective role for nonmetallic chemicals.These results indicate that MT is a part of cellular adaptive mechanisms affecting the magnitude and progression of toxic insults from metals such as Cd as well as from organic chemicals such as CCI4.
State-Specific Prevalence of Smoke-Free Home Rules—United States, 1992-2003
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Secondhand smoke (SHS) causes premature death and disease in children and nonsmoking adults. The home is the primary source of exposure to SHS for infants and children and a major source of SHS exposure for nonsmoking adults. To assess trends in national and state-specific prevalence of home "no smoking" rules (i.e., smoke-free home rules), CDC analyzed data from the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey for 1992-1993, 1998-1999, and 2003. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that the national prevalence of households with smoke-free home rules in the United States increased significantly, from 43.2% during 1992-1993 to 72.2% in 2003. During this period, the national prevalence of such rules increased from 9.6% to 31.8% among households with at least one smoker and from 56.8% to 83.5% among households with no smoker. A regression analysis of the rate of change over time indicated that the increase in smoke-free homes during this period was not significantly different for households with at least one smoker compared with households with no smoker. Statistically significant increases in the prevalence of smoke-free home rules were also observed in all states, although variation was observed among states. Comprehensive tobacco-control measures, including 1) evidence-based interventions to help smokers quit, 2) policies making workplaces and public places smoke-free, 3) voluntary rules making homes smoke-free, and 4) initiatives to educate the public regarding the health effects of SHS, are needed to further reduce exposure of nonsmokers to SHS.
Surgical Decisions
Authors: John P. Callan
Journal: JAMA (1979)

It is remarkable that mental aberration of a severe degree can be present yet be so concealed as to go unrecognized or unattended by otherwise sophisticated clinicians. It is a rare person who has not been shocked at accounts of some irrational, destructive act committed by a seemingly normal human being who suddenly became berserk. Often, for a long time afterward, people are preoccupied with finding clues that could have warned of such impending behavior. Not infrequently, the alerting signs, if they had been interpreted correctly and heeded, were present, and the act would have been preventable. But, while hindsight is often too late to help the injured or dead, if one can learn from the experience, it becomes salutary to review situations that might otherwise be considered macabre speculation. For example, a BRIEF REPORT on page 2188 describes an extraordinary case of mutilatory autosurgery. This article is not presented,
Attempts to Isolate Virus from Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morbidity and mortality associated with the July 1980 heat wave in St Louis and Kansas City, Mo
Authors: T. S. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The morbidity and mortality associated with the 1980 heat wave in St Louis and Kansas City, Mo, were assessed retrospectively. Heat-related illness and deaths were identified by review of death certificates and hospital, emergency room, and medical examiners' records in the two cities. Data from the July 1980 heat wave were compared with data from July 1978 and 1979, when there were no heat waves. Deaths from all causes in July 1980 increased by 57% and 64% in St Louis and Kansas City, respectively, but only 10% in the predominantly rural areas of Missouri. About one of every 1,000 residents of the two cities was hospitalized for or died of heat-related illness. Incidence rates (per 100,000) of heatstroke, defined as severe heat illness with documented hyperthermia, were 26.5 and 17.6 for St Louis and Kansas City, respectively. No heatstroke cases occurred in July 1979. Heatstroke rates were ten to 12 times higher for persons aged 65 years or older than for those younger than 65 years. The ratios of age-adjusted heatstroke rates were approximately 3:1 for nonwhite<i>v</i>white persons and about 6:1 for low<i>v</i>high socioeconomic status. Public health preventive measures in future heat waves should be directed toward the urban poor, the elderly, and persons of other-than-white races. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:3327-3331)
<i>QuickStats</i>: Percentage Distribution* of Adult Day Services Center Participants, by Place of Residence<sup />— National Study of Long-Term Care Providers, United States, 2016
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

In 2016, 51.5% of adult day services center participants lived in a private residence with relative(s), 19.9% lived alone in a private residence, 16.3% lived in an assisted living/residential care community, 5.3% lived in a private residence with nonrelative(s), 4.5% had another living arrangement, and 1.5% lived in a nursing home.
Quality of care. Time to act
Authors: M. R. Chassin
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Many physicians think about quality of care the way Justice Stewart characterized his ability to recognize pornography: I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material I understand to be embraced within that shorthand description [hardcore pornography]; and perhaps I could never succeed in intelligibly doing so. But I know it when I see it....<sup>1</sup> A growing armamentarium of new quality assessment tools renders this proposition dangerously obsolete. Their application has resulted in a growing body of literature that documents significant quality problems in American medicine. Quality problems come in three varieties: overuse, underuse, and misuse. Overuse is the provision of health services when their risks outweigh their benefits; underuse is the failure to provide health services when their benefits exceed their risks; and misuse occurs when an appropriate health service has been selected but is then poorly provided, so