tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Palliative care and palliative radiotherapy education in radiation oncology: A survey of US radiation oncology program directors.
Authors: Randy Wei, Lauren Colbert, Joshua Adam Jones, Gabrielle Kane, Margarita Racsa-Alamgir, Neha Vapiwala, Kavita Vyas Dharmarajan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

178 Background: To assess the state of palliative care education curricula in radiation oncology residency programs in the United States. Methods: We surveyed 90 program directors of radiation oncology residency programs in the United States from September 2015 to November 2015. An electronic survey on palliative care education during residency was sent to all program directors. The survey consisted of questions on perceived relevance of palliative care in radiation oncology residency, formal didactics on domains of palliative care, effective teaching formats for palliative care education, and perceived barriers for integrating palliative care into the residency curriculum. Results: Sixty-three percent (57/90) residency program directors completed the survey. Most (93%) program directors agree or strongly agree that palliative care is an important competency for radiation oncologists. A vast majority (90%) of programs have dedicated palliative care services; however, only 57% of programs offer residents an opportunity to spend elective time on a palliative care service. Of these programs, only 30% reported residents rotating on a palliative care service in the past two years. Furthermore, 67% of residency programs have formal educational activities in principles and practice of palliative care. The palliative care curriculum included faculty-led lectures (73%), resident-led lectures (42%), and seminars (22%). Most programs have one or more hours of formal didactics on management of pain (66%), management of neuropathic pain (64%), and management of nausea and vomiting (64%). 35%, 46%, and 48% programs had one or more hours of management of non-physical symptoms including fatigue, anorexia, and anxiety, respectively. Conclusions: Residency program directors believe that palliative care is an important competency for their trainees. The survey revealed that many programs have structured curricula on PSC and palliative radiation education, but that there are still areas for improvement.
J Pharmacol &amp; Exper Therapeutics, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Brain
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

If you think that you have been reading and hearing a lot more about the brain lately—in journals, in lay publications, on television, and on the radio—you are probably right. This seems to be a time of almost unprecedented interest in, and discovery about, this approximately 1.4-kg organ with its 100 billion or so cells. Virtually the first sentence concedes, reasonably enough, that "this book does not explain how the brain works." But the 11 chapters, which appeared originally last September as articles in<i>Scientific American</i>, do an outstanding job of summing up what is being learned in multidisciplinary research, the hypotheses that are taking form, and the challenges facing a brain that hopes one day to better understand the brain. Thirteen physiologists, neurobiologists, psychologists, physicists, neuroanatomists, and psychiatrists from this country and abroad have contributed to this effort, and every article is enhanced by the drawings and photographs that
Ophthalmology
Authors: L. A. Levin
Journal: JAMA (1995)

For patients, loss of vision is one of the most feared consequences of ophthalmic or systemic disease. For many, it is second only to death. Basic science and clinical research by visual scientists and ophthalmologists is steadily yielding the means to better prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases that cause blindness and erode our patients' quality of life. Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in those older than 65 years in the United States, and treatment options are limited in the majority of cases. The pathophysiology involves degenerative changes in the macula or central retina. Recent interest has focused on the role of light-mediated free radical production and subsequent lipid peroxidation mediating damage in this area and, conversely, the role of food and dietary supplements that may block macular degeneration by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting these oxidative processes. The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group analyzed 356
The American Illustrated Medical Dictionary. A new and Complete Dictionary of the Terms Used in Medicine, Surgery, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Chemistry, and the Kindred Branches, with their Pronunciation, Derivation, and Definition, including much collateral Information of an Encyclopedic Character.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal adenocarcinoma associated with multiple simple cysts
Authors: R. M. Navari
Journal: JAMA (1981)

THE MOST effective procedure for evaluation and treatment of a newly discovered renal mass lesion has been a topic of controversy for many years.<sup>1-5</sup>Following the discovery of an asymptomatic renal mass with excretory urography, some authors have suggested that echography be used to determine if the mass is of solid or cystic composition. Based on the echographic characteristics, solid or complex lesions are then evaluated by angiography, and cystic lesions are evaluated with cyst puncture, cystography, and chemical and cytologic analysis of cyst fluid.<sup>1,2</sup>Although the nonoperative evaluation of an asymptomatic renal mass has a reported diagnostic accuracy of approximately 97%,<sup>1,2</sup>there has been continuing debate about the nonsurgical evaluation differentiating between benign cysts and renal adenocarcinoma.<sup>1-3,5</sup>Others have stressed the importance of surgical exploration of documented avascular renal masses<sup>3,5</sup>and have described patients with cystic renal lesions who have undergone full radiological and
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: S. HAHN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

BOOK REVIEWS Cancer: The Outlaw Cell, 2nd Edition Richard E. LaFond , ed. Washington, D.C. : Am. Chem. Soc. , 1988 . 250 pp., illus. $29.95. STEVEN HAHN STEVEN HAHN Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Institute National Institutes of HealthBldg. 10, Rm. B3B69 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20892 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 3, 5 February 1992, Page 197, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.3.197 Published: 05 February 1992
Vitamin Supplementation and Risk of Stroke
Authors: Ciriaco Aguirre, Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza, Maria-Victoria Egurbide, Agustin Martinez-Berriotxoa
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3427: Exome sequencing of primary papillary thyroid cancer and their distant metastases reveals the role of DNA methylation and transcriptional repression genes
Authors: Tariq Masoodi, Abdul K. Siraj, Sarah Siraj, Saud Azam, Zeeshan Qadri, Wafaa N. Albalawy, Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy, Saif S. Al-Sobhi, Fouad Al-Dayel, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Distant metastasis is a rare occurrence in thyroid cancer, associated with dismal prognosis. The genomic repertoires of various solid malignancies have previously been reported but remain under-explored in metastatic Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC). Furthermore, whether distant metastases harbor distinct genetic alterations beyond those observed in primary tumors is unknown. We performed whole exome sequencing on 14 matched distant metastases, primary PTC tumors and normal tissues. Point mutations, copy number alterations, cancer cell fractions and mutation signatures were defined using state-of-the-art bioinformatics methods. All likely deleterious variants were validated by orthogonal methods. Genomic differences were observed between primary and distant metastatic deposits with a median of 62% (range 21% - 92%) of somatic mutations detected in metastatic tissues, but absent from the corresponding primary tumor sample. Mutations in known driver genes including BRAF, NRAS and HRAS were shared and preferentially clonal in both sites. On the other hand, likely deleterious variants affecting DNA methylation and transcriptional repression signaling genes including SIN3A, RBBP1 and CHD4 were found to be restricted in the metastatic lesions. Moreover, mutational signature shift was observed between the mutations that are specific or enriched in the metastatic and primary lesions. Primary PTC and distant metastases differ in their range of somatic alterations. Genomic analysis of distant metastases provides an opportunity to identify potentially clinically informative alterations not detected in primary tumors, which might influence decisions for personalized therapy in PTC patients with distant metastasis. Citation Format: Tariq Masoodi, Abdul K. Siraj, Sarah Siraj, Saud Azam, Zeeshan Qadri, Wafaa N. Albalawy, Sandeep Kumar Parvathareddy, Saif S. Al-Sobhi, Fouad Al-Dayel, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya. Exome sequencing of primary papillary thyroid cancer and their distant metastases reveals the role of DNA methylation and transcriptional repression genes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3427.
Role of P53 and MDM2 in Treatment Response of Human Germ Cell Tumors
Authors: A.-M. F. Kersemaekers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) of adolescents and adults are very sensitive to systemic treatment. The exquisite chemosensitivity of these cancers has been attributed to a high level of wild-type P53. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To clarify the role of P53 in treatment sensitivity and resistance of TGCTs, we performed immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis on a series of 39 fresh-frozen primary TGCTs before therapy (unselected series). In a series of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded TGCTs of patients with fully documented clinical course, including treatment-sensitive (n = 17) and -resistant (n = 18) tumors, P53 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry and mutation analysis. In addition, the involvement of MDM2, a P53 antagonist, was investigated by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry demonstrated absence of staining for P53 in 36%, 41%, and 17% of the unselected, responding, and nonresponding TGCTs, respectively. Of the positive TGCTs, most tumors, ie, 49%, 41%, and 33%, showed 1% to 10% positive nuclei. This overall low level of P53 was confirmed by Western blotting. Mutation analysis revealed only one silent P53 mutation in one of the responding patients. All embryonal carcinomas were homogeneously positive for MDM2, encoded by the full length mRNA, while a heterogeneous pattern was found for the other histologic components. Amplification of MDM2 was detected in one out of 12 embryonal carcinomas. CONCLUSION: Although our results are in line with previous findings of the presence of wild-type P53 in TGCTs, they show that a high level of P53 does not relate directly to treatment sensitivity of these tumors, and inactivation of P53 is not a common event in the development of cisplatin resistance.
Misspelled Surname
Authors: Chujun Wu, Dongsheng Fan
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

tricular areas.Although it is not typical for patients with adult MLD, we think that the diagnosis of MLD cannot be excluded, considering the heterogeneity of imaging manifestations in patients with MLD.Other clinical data should be considered together for final diagnosis.Second, residual ARSA activity is highly variable between patients with MLD with similar presentations and for individual patients at repeated testing because of the limitations of assays and the contributions of other genetic or environmental factors. 5The levels of ARSA activity in patients with MLD from East Asia seem much higher than that of patients with MLD from other areas.In a review that included 11 patients with MLD from East Asia, the levels of ARSA activity ranges from 14.50% to 30.75% of the normal controls. 6In addition, Lorioli et al 5 have described a presymptomatic patient with MLD with an ARSA activity equal to 50% of normal values, which is similar to a carrier in this family.Therefore, we still advised the patient in our case report 1 (a Chinese patient) to undergo an ARSA gene test although his ARSA activity was half of the normal lower limit.Considering the presence of ARSA pseudodeficiency and the variety of the ARSA activity among patients with MLD, the diagnosis or exclusion of MLD should be based not only on the ARSA activity but also on other clinical data, such as genetic analyses.Moreover, other causes of leukoencephalopathies, including cobalamin C disease, should be considered even though lower ARSA enzyme activity was found.
A7.3 Association of Circulating miR-223 and miR-16 with Disease Activity in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Mária Filková, Caroline Ospelt, Serena Vettori, Ladislav Šenolt, Heman Mann, Jií Vencovský, Karel Pavelka, Beat A Michel, Renate E Gay, Steffen Gay, Astrid Jüngel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment response would be beneficial for patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) to prevent ongoing joint damage. MiRNAs have features of potential biomarkers and an altered expression of miRNAs was shown in established RA. Our aim was to analyse RA-associated miR-223 and miR-16 in sera from patients with ERA to find markers of early disease, clinical activity or predictors of disease outcome. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Clinical characteristics were obtained in 34 patients with ERA at baseline and after 3 (M3) and 12 (M12) months therapy with DMARDs. Total RNA was isolated using phenol-chloroform extraction from whole sera obtained at baseline and M3. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were treated with methotrexate (MTX, 25 ug/ml) in vitro. Expression of miR-223 and miR-16 was analysed by TaqMan Real-time PCR. <h3>Results</h3> Levels of miR-223 significantly decreased following therapy (p = 0.002). In treatment naïve patients with ERA, the expression of miR-223 positively correlated with baseline DAS28 (p = 0.031), change in DAS28 (∆DAS28) from baseline to M3 (p = 0.014), baseline CRP (p = 0.008) and count of peripheral leukocytes (p = 0.007). The change in expression of miR-223 in sera may be attributable to the change in the count of leukocytes between baseline and M3 concluded from the positive correlations between these variables (p = 0.025). In addition, the expression of miR-223 in PBMC was down regulated by 15% (p = 0.001) after treatment with MTX. Levels of miR-16 significantly increased (p = 0.008) after 3 months of therapy and the increase in miR-16 was associated with the decrease in DAS28 from M3 to M12 (p = 0.002). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data support the potential of miR-223 to serve as a marker of disease activity in patients with treatment naïve ERA. Moreover, monitoring levels of miR-16 and miR-223 may become a useful tool to predict the disease outcome in patients with ERA. <h3>Acknowledgement</h3> This work was supported by IMI BTCure, IAR, Masterswitch-PF7, Articulum, OPPA and MH CR project No. 023728.
VARIABLE TEMPERATURE THERAPY OF FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alopecia Neoplastica
Authors: William F. Schorr
Journal: JAMA (1970)

In two women almost circular areas of baldness which closely resembled alopecia areata were actually caused by metastatic cancer of the breast. Groups and strands of adenocarcinoma cells throughout the dermis of the scalp lesion initiated a desmoplastic reaction that appeared to cause atrophy and disappearance of the hair follicles. The need for breast examination in women with hair loss resembling common alopecia areata is obvious. A punch biopsy of alopecia areatalike lesions in women in the cancerprone age group could resolve the diagnosis.
PARAPLEGIC MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
在盘状红斑狼疮局部R333阶段II随机试验中,用于评估临床应答的电脑平面几何法
Authors: J.K. Presto, L.G. Okon, R. Feng, D.J. Wallace, R. Furie, D. Fiorentino, V.P. Werth
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

盘状红斑狼疮(DLE)是一种可导致红色鳞状病变的皮肤病,通常会留下色素脱失(变色)和疤痕。这是一种自身免疫性疾病,也就是说患者身体的免疫系统对正常皮肤发起攻击。经证明,阳光也是诱发该疾病的因素之一,受到紫外线照射的身体区域将产生许多斑点(被称为病变)。DLE涉及皮肤,具有或者不具有全身性红斑狼疮(SLE)的症状。约15%到30%的SLE患者将患上DLE。JAK激酶(简称“JAK”)是人体内参与病变的一组酶。研究人员一直在努力寻找抑制JAK的药物,旨在缓解患者的症状。本项在美国和加拿大开展的研究对一项名为R333的疗法的有效性进行了评估。R333是一种局部敷用型药膏,即一种可直接贴在皮肤上的药物,通过阻塞JAK和同为致病因子的脾酪氨酸激酶(Syk)发出的信号发挥疗效。在此试验中,我们将R333与安慰剂药膏进行了比较。结果表明,为期四周的R333治疗并没有显著改善临床症状。但是,我们有必要使用采用不同配方的药膏实施进一步研究,以确定JAK/Syk抑制剂在治疗自身免疫性皮肤病方面的功效。此外,使用局部敷用型药物治疗时,以及各病变的清除率可能不尽相同时,通常很难去衡量个体皮肤病变的改善。因此,我们使用该研究结果来评估一种用于评估个体病变的方法。该方法被称为电脑平面几何法,可用于以数字方式跟踪特定皮肤病变的照片,并且可以可靠地测量DLE病变区域。因此,在未来的DLE试验中,此工具可用于测量接受局部药物治疗的个体病变的疾病活动度。
Relation among contractile reserve, 201-thallium uptake and collateral angiographic circulation in collateral-dependent myocardium: Clinical implications regarding the evaluation of myocardial viability Federico Piscione, Giuseppe De Luca, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Mariella Prastaro, Emanuele Barbato, Santo Dellegrottaglie, Leonardo Pace, Ciro Indolfi, Paolo Golino, Massimo Chiariello. Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology - Federico II University, Naples, Italy, Department of Nuclear …
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)