tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ADJUSTABLE, MULTIPLE COVER GLASS AND SLIDE HOLDER
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Modifications to the breasts.
Journal: BMJ (1974)

U.S.A. and in Japan, would yield slightly lower mortality rates even for the same incidence of disease,10 but would not affect the relative size of the incidence rates observed in the national cancer survey.A dietary hypothesis (rather than a genetic hypothesis) might be invoked to explain the differential synthesis of the anticarcinogen oestriol versus the carcinogens oestrone and oestradiol. 9 11As the present generation born in the U.S.A. ages and as future generations adopt more Western patterns of fertility and diet, important leads may be gained into the aetiological importance of heredity and environmental factors in breast cancer.
How serious is the indoor radon health hazard?
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1987)

"YOU PAYS YOUR money and you takes your choice"—or chance, as the case may be. Where radon is involved, it is hard to say just what one ought to do. Some persons apparently are convinced that exposure to this radioactive decay product of uranium is good for what ails them. (See photo.) But substantially more people seem to be concerned that radon is yet another thing to add to the list of modern woes that may do civilization in. While cure seekers apparently skeptical of legitimate medicine pay up to $4 per hour to partake of the putative benefits of radon gas in played-out uranium mines in the west, many Americans on the eastern seaboard and elsewhere, also with good health in mind, spend thousands of dollars to rid their own homes of the very same effusion. No medical authority advocates a retreat to the cave. But modern housing is
FOOD POISONING
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular diagnosis with the 92-gene assay (92-GA) and decision-impact on treatment: Final results from a prospective, multi-disciplinary study.
Authors: Sachdev P. Thomas, Lauren Jacobson, Fadi S. Braiteh, Anthony R. Victorio, Karen Ann Cherkis, Theresa N. Operana, Nichole Renee Blatner, Brock Schroeder, Catherine A. Schnabel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15206 Background: Metastatic lesions with unknown or differential diagnoses pose significant challenges leading to suboptimal treatment and outcomes. Molecular diagnosis with the 92-GA has shown improved accuracy compared to IHC and improved survival in pts treated based on assay results. The following prospective, multi-institutional study assessed the utility and impact of the 92-GA in diagnosis and treatment decision-making in community clinical practice. Methods: Over 18 months, physicians (68 medical oncologists, 25 pathologists) completed standardized, discipline-specific questionnaires via a web-based data portal for 444 cases in which the 92-GA was ordered as part of routine clinical care for pts with unknown or differential diagnoses. Physician-reported utility and impact were characterized for oncologists and pathologists. Results: 92-GA molecular diagnoses included 22 different tumor types: pancreaticobiliary (21%), lung squamous (9%), lung adenocarcinoma (9%), and intestinal (9%) were most common. Factors contributing to ordering the 92-GA were interdisciplinary: for oncologists, no primary following clinical review and imaging (42%), pathology report of a differential diagnosis (21%) or unknown primary (20%), and differentiation between a new cancer or recurrence (16%) were most common; for pathologists, IHC inconclusive (50%; median 9 IHC stains) and oncology ordered due to unknown primary (30%) were most common. Oncologists reported that the diagnosis provided by the 92-GA resulted in changing the treatment option in 46% of cases. 75% of pts received therapy with a median time from biopsy to treatment of 25d. Following the 92-GA, predictive biomarkers (eg, EGFR, ALK) were ordered in 81% of cases diagnosed as lung and 67% diagnosed as colorectal cancer. Conclusions: This study demonstrated significant clinical utility of the 92-GA: changing treatment options in approximately half of pts. Clinical utility spanned a spectrum of diagnostic uncertainty for oncologists and pathologists, and helped narrow differential diagnosis. Additional biomarker testing was common after a diagnosis of lung or colorectal cancer was rendered by the 92-GA.
Bacterial endocarditis associated with a permanent transvenous cardiac pacemaker
Authors: I. S. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To our knowledge, the first case of acute bacterial endocarditis in a patient with a permanent pervenous cardiac pacemaker occurred on the mural endocardium of the right atrium along the course of the pacemaker catheter. It is suggested that bacteremia, probably originating from a sacral decubitus ulcer, resulted in implantation of organisms on the damaged atrial endocardium with subsequent septic embolization.
Lasers in medicine and surgery: the other issues
Authors: G. M. Bohigian
Journal: JAMA (1986)

When the Council on Scientific Affairs appointed an expert Panel on Lasers in Medicine and Surgery, a decision was made to report on the biophysics, safety in use, and clinical applications of lasers. The report of the Panel is in this issue ofTHE JOURNAL.<sup>1</sup> Members of the Panel and the Council recognize that the report does not address important questions about issues such as training and experience required for laser use, credentialing, certification, cost-effectiveness, and appropriate use. "Appropriate use" is a fundamental question. Who should be allowed to use new high-technology instruments and what are the clinical indications for usage? The laser is representative of sophisticated technologies that expand diagnostic and treatment possibilities, but differs from others such as evoked potential testing or magnetic resonance imaging in the interest it attracts for application by a broad range of medical and surgical specialties.<sup>2</sup>Current and potential therapeutic applications of
Cardiac evaluation in consideration of prostheses for geriatric amputees
Authors: L. Perlman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Dynamic electrocardiography was used to monitor the cardiovascular response of unilateral amputees of prosthetic training. Sixty-five patients were admitted to the study from a total of 79 patients; none of the 14 rejected was disqualified because of cardiac disease. Fifty-eight patients completed the study, only one failure was because of cardiac difficulty. During preprosthetic and prosthetic training, various electrocardiographic changes were observed; these included significant rhythmic variations, T wave flattening and inversion, and varying degrees of ST segment depression. Training was interrupted or delayed until clinical symptoms of cardiac difficulties disappeared or until the dynamic electrocardiographic pattern became stable. Hopping in parallel bars was found to be the most stressful aspect of prosthetic training. Pylon walking is an effective and less stressful substitute. Valuable information concerning cardiac response was obtained by dynamic electrocardiographic monitoring.
Familial Azotemia
Authors: Richard M. Hays
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

To the comparative physiologist, the description by Hsu and his co-workers in this issue of the Journal of a new entity, "familial azotemia," is welcome indeed. Their discovery of a family with a genetically determined increased net reabsorption of urea from tubular urine has placed at least a few representatives of Homo sapiens on a par with certain other members of the animal kingdom. Sharks, skates and rays, for example, reabsorb almost all their filtered urea, and use it as a circulating osmotic agent to balance off the hypertonic sea water in which they live.1 The bullfrog, on the other . . .
Lead Aggravates Viral Disease and Represses the Antiviral Activity of Interferon Inducers
Authors: Joseph H. Gainer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Lead acetate was administered continuously in the drinking water to CD–1 male mice beginning at 4 weeks of age. An LD10–20 of the lytic viruses or 300 plaque-forming units of RLV was inoculated intrapertioneally at 6 weeks of age. Lead increased the response of the mice to all classes of viruses against which it was tested: an RNA picornavirus-encephalomyocarditis (EMCV), a DNA herpesvirus-pseudoribies, an RNA leukemia-virus-Rauscher leukemia (RLV), an RNA arbovirus B-St. Louis encephalitis, and an RNA arbovirus A-western encephalitis. Most studies were performed between lead and EMCV. Increases in EMCV mortality in lead treated mice over controls ranged from 2× at a lead level of 0.004M to 7× (100% mortality) at a 0.1M lead level. Splenomegaly with spleens 800 to 1100 mg in weight containing high titers of RLV occurred in lead (0.03M)-treated mice 3 and 6 weeks after RLV inoculation; spleens or RLV controls were normal in weight (200 mg) and were free of virus. Lead did not reduce the protective effect of mouse interferon (IF) against the lethal action of EMCV, but it did repress the EMCV antiviral effect of poly I/poly C (PIC) and of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) against EMCV mortality. These data indicate several new facts concerning adverse effects lead may have on an animal: (1) lead aggravates viral disease, most likely in part, through reduced IF synthesis; (2) lead represses the anti-EMCV protective effects of both PIC and of NDV, which, in other reports, were shown to induce IF in radioresistant macrophages (PIC) or in radiosensitive lymphocytes (NDV); (3) lead may then be said to repress IF induction in two kinds of cells; (4) however, lead does not inhibit IF action.
Severe atypical endometrial changes and sequential contraceptive use
Authors: R. H. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Of eight young women, seven had a diagnosis of well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and one had atypical endometrial hyperplasia. The average age was 40.1 years, with 6.04 years of dimethisterone-ethinyl estradiol (Oracon) sequential contraceptive use. The patients were not typical of those in whom endometrial carcinoma develops. Although these cases do not prove that long-term administration of dimethisterone-ethinyl estradiol causes endometrial adenocarcinoma or atypia, they indicate that it may do so. (<i>JAMA</i>236:923-926, 1976)
IL-1[alpha] induces thrombopoiesis through megakaryocyte rupture in response to acute platelet needs
Authors: Satoshi Nishimura, Mika Nagasaki, Shinji Kunishima, Akira Sawaguchi, Asuka Sakata, Hiroyasu Sakaguchi, Tsukasa Ohmori, Ichiro Manabe, Joseph E Italiano, Tomiko Ryu, Naoya Takayama, Issei Komuro, Takashi Kadowaki, Koji Eto, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2015)
Diuretic response to furosemide in the presence of renal insufficiency
Authors: R. G. Muth
Journal: JAMA (1966)

DURING THE COURSE of renal insufficiency, edema frequently develops. The management of this edema offers a therapeutic challenge of somewhat greater magnitude than that met in cardiac decompensation and hepatic cirrhosis. The edema of uncomplicated cardiac failure usually responds well to the saluretic agents currently available including the organic mercurials, the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, the benzothiadiazines, and the aldosterone antagonists. The response in hepatic cirrhosis is not quite so predictable, but is usually good. The response in renal insufficiency, however, is almost predictably poor.<sup>1</sup> Recently, furosemide, a newly synthesized monosulfamoylanthranilic acid derivative, has been shown to be a potent diuretic agent, superior to the thiazides.<sup>2-5</sup> We have studied the diuretic action of furosemide in a wide category of disease entities where the edema was usually resistant to prior diuretic therapy. This report concerns 22 courses of furosemide therapy in 14 patients who had renal insufficiency and in whom
n-Butyrate induces plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 messenger RNA in cultured Hep G2 cells
Authors: T J Smith, J J Piscatelli, V Andersen, H Wang, P Lance
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

n -Butyrate, a short-chain aliphatic carboxylic acid with pleiotropic actions, is present at high concentrations in the portal circulation and thus may play an important role in the regulation of specific gene expression in the mammalian liver. We report here that n -butyrate can increase substantially the level of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) messenger RNA (mRNA) in Hep G2 cells, up to eightfold above control cultures. Maximal effects occurred at a concentration of 3 mmol/L n -butyrate and with a treatment period of 8 to 12 hours. Increases in PAI-1 mRNA were accompanied by modest increases (twofold) in the encoded protein as assessed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by [ 35 S]methionine incorporation into immunoprecipitable PAI-1 in the culture medium. Nuclear run-on studies showed that the rate of transcription of the PAI-1 gene did not appear altered by treatment with 3 mmol/L n -butyrate for 6 hours. The increases in steady-state PAI-1 mRNA caused by exposure to n -butyrate can be blocked by cycloheximide. Enhanced stability of mature PAI-1 transcript could not be demonstrated in Hep G2 cells treated with the carboxylic acid. We have reported previously that n -butyrate can reduce the level of beta-galactoside alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase expression in Hep G2 cells. That effect was attenuated with inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis and was mediated at the post-transcriptional level. Thus, n -butyrate can influence the expression of multiple genes in this hepatoblastoma cell through its actions on events that appear to be posttranscriptional. These observations may be relevant to the normal physiology of the mammalian liver because of the high concentrations of n -butyrate and related compounds to which the organ is ordinarily exposed.
Comfort Care for Terminally III Patients
Authors: Robert M. McCann
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the frequency of symptoms of hunger and thirst in a group of terminally ill patients and determine whether these symptoms could be palliated without forced feeding, forced hydration, or parenteral alimentation. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective evaluation of consecutively admitted terminally ill patients treated in a comfort care unit. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Ten-bed comfort care unit in a 471-bed long-term care facility. Participants.—Mentally aware, competent patients with terminal illnesses monitored from time of admission to time of death while residing in the comfort care unit. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Symptoms of hunger, thirst, and dry mouth were recorded, and the amounts and types of food and fluids necessary to relieve these symptoms were documented. The subjective level of comfort was assessed longitudinally in all patients. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of the 32 patients monitored during the 12 months of study, 20 patients (63%) never experienced any hunger, while 11 patients (34%) had symptoms only initially. Similarly, 20 patients (62%) experienced either no thirst or thirst only initially during their terminal illness. In all patients, symptoms of hunger, thirst, and dry mouth could be alleviated, usually with small amounts of food, fluids, and/or by the application of ice chips and lubrication to the lips. Comfort care included use of narcotics for relief of pain or shortness of breath in 94% of patients. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —In this series, patients terminally ill with cancer generally did not experience hunger and those who did needed only small amounts of food for alleviation. Complaints of thirst and dry mouth were relieved with mouth care and sips of liquids far less than that needed to prevent dehydration. Food and fluid administration beyond the specific requests of patients may play a minimal role in providing comfort to terminally ill patients. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1263-1266)
Low Bleeding Rates with Increase or Maintenance of Physical Activity in Patients Treated with Recombinant Factor VIII Fc Fusion Protein (rFVIIIFc) in the A-LONG and Kids A-LONG Studies
Authors: Doris V. Quon, Robert Klamroth, Roshni Kulkarni, Amy D Shapiro, Ross I Baker, Giancarlo Castaman, Bryce A. Kerlin, Elisa Tsao, Geoffrey Allen
Journal: Blood (2015)
The American Year-Book of Medicine and Surgery. Being a Yearly Digest of Scientific Progress and Authoritative Opinion in all Branches of Medicine and Surgery drawn from Journals
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 795: Enhanced Sensitivity Of The Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor To Activation By Luminal Ca <sup>2+</sup> As A Primary Cause Of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Hitoshi Uchinoumi, Masafumi Yano, Makoto Ohno, Xiaojuan Xu, Hiroki Tateishi, Shigeki Kobayashi, Takeshi Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Mutations in cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) was found to be linked with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). To study the underlying mechanism of CPVT, we developed knock-in mice harboring the Arg-to-Ser (R2474S) mutation. The RyR2 R2474S/+ knock-in (KI) mice revealed no structural or histological abnormality in hearts. Echocardiography showed no contractile or relaxation dysfunction at rest. In all KI mice (n=6), bidirectional ventricular tachycardia (VT) was observed during or after exercise with treadmill, but never observed in wild-type (WT) mice (n=6). In intact cardiomyocytes, the frequency of Ca 2+ sparks (SpF; s −1 ·100μm −1 ) was significantly increased in KI mice, but not in WT mice (at 2 mM [Ca 2+ ]; KI:6.4±0.7, WT:0.9±0.08, p&lt;0.01). To investigate the sensitivity of the RyR2 channel to activation by luminal Ca 2+ {[Ca 2+ ] in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)}, we measured cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ] ([Ca 2+ ] C ) and luminal [Ca 2+ ] ([Ca 2+ ] L ) simultaneously in saponin-permeabilized cardiomyocytes, using Rhod-2 and Fluo-5N AM as Ca 2+ indicators, respectively. When [Ca 2+ ] C was buffered at 100 nM (by 1 mM EGTA), the spontaneous Ca 2+ sparks were frequently observed both in KI and WT cardiomyocyts (SpF: KI:22.1±0.9, WT:22.0±0.8, p=ns). When we added thapsigargin (1 μM) to the cardiomyocytes under this condition ([Ca 2+ ] C =100 nM), both SpF and [Ca 2+ ] L gradually decreased due to a decrease in SR Ca 2+ content caused by an inhibition of SR Ca 2+ ATPase. The relationship curve between SpF and [Ca 2+ ] L (SpF -[Ca 2+ ] L ) during the addition of thapsigargin was markedly shifted to the left in KI cardiomyocytes compared to WT cardiomyocytes, thereby lowering the threshold of [Ca 2+ ] L to induce Ca 2+ sparks to approximately one-fifth in KI cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, the enhanced sensitivity of the RyR2 channel to activation by [Ca 2+ ] L : i.e. decreased threshold [Ca 2+ ] L to induce spontaneous Ca 2+ release, may be a primary cause of CPVT.
Results of sputum, cytology among workers exposed to vinyl chloride monomer and to poly(vinyl chloride).
Authors: C Maltoni, P Lodi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The results of systematic cytological sputum examinations of 3,380 Italian VC-PVC industry workers and of 2,287 workers in other industries at different potential risk and chosen as control groups are reported. The results indicate an increase in cellular abnormalities and dysplasias in the epithelium of the respiratory tract among VC-PVC workers. These data are in line with experimental results showing that VC produces lung tumors in mice and with early epidemiological evidence among exposed workers.