tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MADRID
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal transplantation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: H. Zincke
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Forty patients (including 37 juvenile diabetic patients) with insulindependent diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal failure received 42 renal allografts during the interval from June 1970 to December 1975. Of the 30 patients who are alive (between six and 72 months after transplantation; average, 29 months), 19 have been fully rehabilitated. Gangrene of peripheral extremities occurred in 30% of the survivors. The use of "pretreated" cadaveric kidneys in the diabetic patient may become an attractive alternative to grafts from living related donors. Renal transplantation with living related and pretreated cadaveric donor kidneys is the treatment of choice and is superior to dialysis in the insulin-dependent diabetic patient with end-stage renal disease. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1101-1103, 1977)
Dermatology
Authors: Jeffrey S. Dover
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This Contempo discussion will review human papillomavirus infection, dysplastic nevi as a precursor of melanoma, and extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Warts, epidermal proliferations caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), have an estimated incidence in young adults of 1.0%.<sup>1</sup>In the United States from 1966 to 1981, there was a sevenfold increase in the number of reported genital wart infections. At least 66 types of HPV have been reported to date; individual HPV types have different clinical manifestations and implications, but HPV type cannot be reproducibly predicted by morphologic criteria.<sup>2</sup>Human papillomavirus transmission usually occurs through skin contact, and warts can occur on any skin site, most commonly on the hands, feet, and genital skin. Genital warts, perhaps the most common sexually transmitted disease (if clinical, subclinical, and latent infections are considered), have at least a 50% chance of transmission of infection in a single sexual contact. Human papillomavirus types 16,18,
REFINEMENTS IN THE USE OF CHAULMOOGRA OIL IN THE TREATMENT OF LEPROSY
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Figure Legends
Authors: Michael Fisch, Victor Chang
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Michail Ignatiadis, MD, PhD; Hatem A. Azim Jr, MD, PhD; Christine Desmedt, PhD; Isabelle Veys, MD; Denis Larsimont, MD; Roberto Salgado, MD; Maria B. Lyng, PhD; Giuseppe Viale, MD; Brian Leyland-Jones, MD; Anita Giobbie-Hurder, MS; Rosita Kammler, MD; Patrizia Dell’Orto, ScD; Françoise Rothé, PhD; Ioanna Laïos, ScD; Henrik J. Ditzel, MD, PhD; Meredith M. Regan, ScD; Martine Piccart, MD, PhD; Stefan Michiels, PhD; Christos Sotiriou, MD, PhD
Study of 'victimization' gains impetus worldwide
Authors: T. Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1983)

"An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth." Fine, but what about the psychological trauma inflicted on the first one-eyed, gap-toothed victim? The Code of Hammurabi didn't say much about that, nor does modern psychiatry. While the psychology of murderers, muggers, batterers, rapists, burglars, kidnappers, and arsonists has long fallen into the psychiatrist's domain, the severe emotional effects on the victims have, until lately, received much less attention. Now a small group of psychiatrists and social scientists has begun to study and report on this field of trauma, which is called "victimization." Several of them presented reports at this year's Seventh World Congress of Psychiatry in Vienna. In addition to the victims of felonies, investigators ("victimologists") also study victims of natural disasters and of any unexpected, unprovoked traumatic event because they believe that, whatever the trauma, the reactions are much the same. "There appears to be a generic
Cardiac Responses to Thermal, Physical, and Emotional Stress
Authors: P. Taggart, P. Parkinson, M. Carruthers
Journal: BMJ (1972)

intensive help that these families need.Finally, I would question Dr. Hersov's suggestion that the family doctor is in a position to provide the necessary help.Apart from the shortage of time which must surely prevent him from carrying out the necessary interviews with all the family, including
Treatment of circulatory shock. Use of sympathomimetic and related vasoactive agents
Authors: M. H. Weil
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Reduction of effective blood flow represents the primary disturbance accounting for circulatory shock. Four categories of circulatory shock are identified: cardiogenic, hypovolemic, distributive, and obstructive. The pharmacology and clinical implications for treatment of shock with vasoactive drugs are reviewed in this context. Except for epinephrine, when it is used for treatment of anaphylactic shock, there is no specific indication for the routine use of α- or β-adrenergic receptor agonists. These agents may increase blood pressure or cardiac output, but nutritive flow is not necessarily improved. Comparable limitations are observed with α-adrenergic receptor blocking agents. However, selective effects on the myocardium and on the resistance, exchange, and capacitance vessels may be advantageous as an interim and complementary measure. Since vasoactive drugs frequently intensify the fundamental defect accounting for perfusion failure, their selective rather than routine employment is mandatory. (<i>JAMA</i>231:1280-1286, 1975)
Chest Medicine
Journal: Thorax (1989)

some useful shorter chapters on the general approach to diagnosis in given areas.Many of the sections and chapters are small monographs in their own right: 150 pages are devoted to respiratory physiology (and a further 70 to pulmonary function testing) and 50 page chapters to viral infections and mycobacterial disease, all backed by extensive bibliographies.The layout and illustrations are in general admirably clear, though some radiographs fail to make their point in reproduction.This impressive textbook sets out the enormous information base now available in respiratory medicine, which the patient hopes underpins our approach to practical diagnosis and management.If this increase in basic information is followed by a similar scale of advance in treatment, subspecialisation cannot be far over the horizon- NBP
Perinatal death recording: time for a change?
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The new perinatal death certificate proposed by the World Health Organisation was examined in relation to existing measures for recording perinatal death statistics and also with regard to new information gathered.Present procedures appear to underestimate the number of perinatal deaths by roughly 10%, though late registrations may lower this figure slightly.The use of a mini- mum birth weight as the criterion for inclusion in perinatal statistics removed much of the uncertainty associated with definitions of live birth and stillbirth.The new certificate led to duplication of some information already recorded through birth notification yet failed to provide information on some other factors generally considered relevant to perinatal mortality.The format proposed for recording cause of death provided a more logical presentation of events.Standardising birth information recorded on all infants, modifying death certificates, and developing efficient record-linkage schemes would be more valuable than introducing the WHO certificate.Useful interpretation of the meaning of the characteristics of infants dying in the perinatal period awaits these timely changes.
Cellular and Molecular Toxicity of Lead in Bone
Authors: Joel G. Pounds, Gregory J. Long, John F. Rosen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

To fully understand the significance of bone as a target tissue of lead toxicity, as well as a reservoir of systemic lead, it is necessary to define the effects of lead on the cellular components of bone. Skeletal development and the regulation of skeletal mass are ultimately determined by the four different types of cells: osteoblasts, lining cells, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. These cells, which line and penetrate the mineralized matrix, are responsible for matrix formation, mineralization, and bone resorption, under the control of both systemic and local factors. Systemic components of regulation include parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and calcitonin: local regulators include numerous cytokines and growth factors. Lead intoxication directly and indirectly alters many aspects of bone cell function. First, lead may indirectly alter bone cell function through changes in the circulating levels of those hormones, particularly 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, which modulate bone cell function. These hormonal changes have been well established in clinical studies, although the functional significance remains to be established. Second, lead may directly alter bone cell function by perturbing the ability of bone cells to respond to hormonal regulation. For example, the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-stimulated synthesis of osteocalcin, a calcium-binding protein synthesized by osteoblastic bone cells, is inhibited by low levels of lead. Impaired osteocalcin production may inhibit new bone formation, as well as the functional coupling of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Third, lead may impair the ability of cells to synthesize or secrete other components of the bone matrix, such as collagen or bone sialoproteins (osteopontin). Finally, lead may directly effect or substitute for calcium in the active sites of the calcium messenger system, resulting in loss of physiological regulation. The effects of lead on the recruitment and differentiation of bone cells remains to be established. Compartmental analysis indicates that the kinetic distribution and behavior of intracellular lead in osteoblasts and osteoclasts is similar to several other cell types. Many of the toxic effects of lead on bone cell function may be produced by perturbation of the calcium and cAMP messenger systems in these cells.
Streptokinase in Recent Myocardial Infarction: A Controlled Multicentre Trial
Journal: BMJ (1971)

In this controlled multicentre trial treatment with either streptokinase or heparin was allocated at random to patients suffering from myocardial infarction of less than 24 hours9 duration. Treatment with either drug was standardized and lasted for 24 hours. A total of 764 patients entered the trial; 34 patient charts were rejected (including all 28 charts from one centre) because of data failure. On retrospective analysis of the 730 remaining patients the two groups were found to have been comparable at the start. The total hospital mortality was 18·5% of 373 patients allotted to streptokinase treatment and 26·3% of 357 given herapin. The mortality after infusion (24 hours) was 10·6% of 340 patients treated with streptokinase and 17·8% of 320 given herapin (P=0·011). Reinfarction in hospital after the 24-hour period of infusion occurred significantly less often in patients treated with streptokinase (P=0·036). Bleeding from puncture sites and pyrexia occurred more frequently during streptokinase treatment. After exclusion of those patients whose diagnosis was unconfirmed on retrospective assessment, the total hospital mortality rate was 19·0% of 357 patients treated with streptokinase and 27·4% of 339 treated with heparin (P=0·011). These results indicate that in recent myocardial infarction streptokinase was superior to heparin in reducing mortality and reinfarction rate during an average period of six weeks in hospital.
<i>Circulation</i> : Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Brugada syndrome is associated with increased risk for sudden cardiac death.However, the risk distribution is not uniform among patients with Brugada syndrome, and most do not experience adverse cardiac events during their lives.Identification of those at greatest risk who would benefit from implantable cardiac defibrillators poses a major clinical challenge.Programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) has been proposed as a method to facilitate risk stratification of patients with Brugada syndrome, but controversy surrounding the utility of PVS has persisted for the past 2 decades.Our pooled analysis of individual-level data from 8 studies and ≈1300 patients with Brugada syndrome suggests that induced ventricular arrhythmias during PVS are associated with a higher risk of cardiac events.However, our observations also show that lack of induced arrhythmia during PVS is not necessarily synonymous with low risk.These findings underscore the importance of risk stratification using clinical features such as spontaneous type 1 electrocardiogram patterns and syncope, which facilitate identification of individuals at highest and lowest risk of events in whom PVS may be of limited utility.Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of using appropriate PVS protocols because moderately aggressive protocols (eg, up to double extrastimuli) appear to yield higher specificity for adverse outcomes than more aggressive PVS protocols (eg, up to triple extrastimuli).Taken together, our data suggest that PVS may have a role in the assessment of select patients with Brugada syndrome with intermediate clinical risk of events but that negative electrophysiological studies should not be considered indicative of low risk of cardiac events.Future prospective studies are needed to improve risk-stratification tools.See p 622.
CORRESPONDENCE
Authors: W. N. Goldsmith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1950)

Journal Article CORRESPONDENCE Get access W. N. Goldsmith W. N. Goldsmith 6, Upper Wimpole Street, London. W.I; 14 December, 1949 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 62, Issue 2, 1 February 1950, Page 91, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1950.tb10946.x Published: 01 February 1950
Endoscopic laser surgery: narrow focus but numerous targets
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The precision and simplicity of laser surgery are now being applied to the control of esophageal and gastric bleeding and to the removal of precancerous polyps in the stomach, esophagus, and colon. In a talk delivered to the founding meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) in Atlanta recently, John A. Dixon, MD, professor of surgery at the University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, made it clear that the endoscopic laser is so effective in these situations that it may even find its way to community hospitals within five years. At present, however, Dixon is one of the few physicians in the United States using this technique to treat internal bleeding and one of the few in the world using lasers to remove polyps. Endoscopic laser surgery entails use of an essentially standard endoscope, the main exception being that the light passing through the
The Pathophysiology Of Pleural Effusions
Authors: S. Sahn
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1990)

Two features of human parietal pleura explain its role in the formation and removal of pleural liquid and protein in the normal state: the proximity of the microvessels to the pleural surface and the presence of stomata situated between mesothelial cells. For pleural fluid to accumulate in disease, there must be increased production from increased hydrostatic pressure, decreased oncotic or pleural pressure, increased microvascular permeability, or peritoneal-pleural movement. The rate of formation must overwhelm lymphatic clearance, which may be decreased by hydrostatic forces or blocked by malignant infiltration.
Detection of precore hepatitis B virus mutants in asymptomatic HBsAg-positive family members
Authors: U Akarca
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Precore hepatitis B virus mutants have been detected mainly in HBeAg-negative patients with active liver disease. We previously reported two novel mutations: M1 (C-to-T change at nucleotide 1856 [pro-ser at codon 15]) and M3 (G-to-A change at nucleotide 1898 [gly-ser at codon 29]) in addition to two well-described mutations: M2 (G-to-A change at nucleotide 1896 [trp-stop at codon 28]); and M4 (G-to-A change at nucleotide 1899 [gly-asp at codon 29]) in Chinese patients. The aims of this study were to determine (a) the prevalence of precore HBV mutations in asymptomatic carriers and (b) whether family members share the same mutated sequence as the index patients. Fifty-three index patients and 89 HBsAg-positive family members were studied by means of direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction–amplified hepatitis B virus DNA. M0, a conserved mutation (T-to-C at nucleotide 1858, codon 15), was detected in 81% and 12% family members of index patients with and without M0, respectively (p<0.0001). The clustering of M0 indicates that most subjects were infected through intrafamilial transmission. M1 was detected in all the family members of patients with M1 but in none of the family members of patients with wild-type or M2 sequences (p<0.0001). M2 was detected in 25%, 0% and 15% of family members of patients with M2, M1 and WT sequences, respectively (p=0.19). M3 was detected in five and M4 in four family members. M1 was equally distributed among HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative family members, 19.5% vs. 9% (p=0.34), whereas M2 was detected more frequently in HBeAg-negative family members: 45.5% vs. 4.5% in HBeAg-positive family members (p<0.0001). Ten (77%) of 13 family members with M2 and all 15 family members with M1 had normal serum aminotransferase levels. The family members with M2 were significantly older than those with wild-type or M1 sequences (mean ages, respectively, 37.9 ± 5,23 ± 1.4 and 24.1 ± 3yr;p=0.0005). In addition, M2 was more frequently detected in family members who were older than the index patients. Longitudinal studies documented progression from wild-type sequence to M2 in some family members, but progression from wild-type to M1 or M1 to M2 was not observed. Our data showed that precore HBV mutants can be detected in 33% asymptomatic carriers. M1 appears to be present at the onset of infection, whereas M2 emerges (from wild-type but not M1) during the course of infection. Initiation of infection with M2 only seems to be rare. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1366–1370.)
LIFE OR DEATH
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiology of diphtheria in San Antonio, Tex., 1970
Authors: E. K. Marcuse
Journal: JAMA (1973)

In 1970, 196 diphtheria cases were reported from San Antonio, Tex. Rates were highest for children 5 to 14 years old. The rate for blacks and Chicanos was 12.5 times as high as that for Anglos. The incidence rate for the upper 25% of the population by socioeconomic status was 5.6 cases per 100,000; for the lower 25% it was 62 cases per 100,000. Mass immunization programs conducted at the peak of the epidemic were not associated with a prompt reduction in incidence. Forty-seven years after the introduction of diphtheria toxoid, substantial segments of the United States population are still not immunized against diphtheria. Until diphtheria toxoid immunization can be made truly "routine" for all segments of the population, it is likely that sporadic large outbreaks of diphtheria will continue to occur in the United States.