tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator in acute myocardial infarction. Potentials and pitfalls
Authors: A. S. Jaffe
Journal: JAMA (1986)

RAPID dissemination of preliminary results of research may predispose the medical profession and the public to premature, ill-advised, or indiscriminate acceptance of allegedly therapeutic modalities before efficacy has been established. Objective evaluation of an intervention such as coronary thrombolysis may be obscured by excessive enthusiasm of advocates, undue cynicism of critics, media hype, and real or imagined competitive pressures impinging on the modern practitioner of medicine. In this article we shall consider, in this context, findings pertinent to coronary thrombolysis with conventional activators or tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. The concept that acute coronary thrombosis is responsible for myocardial infarction is not new. Initial attempts in 1959 by Sherry and associates were made to activate the fibrinolytic system in pilot studies of patients with acute infarction. Subsequently, 13 large-scale trials with intravenous streptokinase were performed in Europe and Scandinavia. Conflicting results ensued, in part
"FEVERFEW DERMATITIS"
Authors: ARTHUR K. DANIELS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1947)

Journal Article “FEVERFEW DERMATITIS” Get access ARTHUR K. DANIELS, M.B., Ch.B. ARTHUR K. DANIELS, M.B., Ch.B. Late H.P. to the Dermatological Dept., The General Infirmary at Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 59, Issue 10, 1 October 1947, Page 340, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1947.tb10873.x Published: 01 October 1947
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Chloroquine phosphate or sulphate in one dose of 300 mg. of the base once weekly.Amodiaquine hydrochloride in one dose of 400 mg. of the base once weekly.Pyrimethamine (" daraprim ") in one dose of 25 mg.once weekly.Mepacrine hydrochloride in a dose of 100 mg.daily.Quinine sulphate or hydrochloride in a dose of 5-10 grains (0.32-0.65 g.) daily.The duration of dosage of all these drugs is as given for proguanil.Malignant tertian malaria will not recur after completion of the dosages; the other malaries may do so, and become clinically evident for the first time later.Neither mepacrine (on account of skin staining) nor quinine (on account of its inferiority for this purpose) is recommended
Heberden Society
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1956)

Spondylitis and Heart Disease.-Dr.J. Sharp (Manchester University) found that 25 out of a group of 788 patients attending a clinic for the investigation of cases of spondylitis had disease of the mitral or aortic heart valves.Three of these, all with pure aortic disease, appeared to be suffering from typical ankylosing spondylitis, and it was suggested that the processes in the spine and heart might be related.In at least seven of the remainder the changes in the heart, spine, sacro-iliac, and limb joints appeared to have resulted from severe attacks of rheumatic fever.The clinical features of these seven and of twelve further patients, who were apparently suffering from the same condition, but had not been referred to the spondylitis clinic, were described.Seventeen of them had varying degrees of permanent change in limb joints of the type originally described by Jaccoud, and twelve had residual limitation of spinal movement.Radiographically the sacro-iliac joints were frequently involved.The changes in the spine were characterized by alteration in shape and sometimes hypoplasia of the vertebral bodies, narrowing and ossification of multiple disks without vertebral osteophytosis, apophyseal joint involvement progressing to bony ankylosis, and, occa- sionally, ossification of spinal ligaments.In its complete form this radiographic picture was recognizably different from that of typical ankylosing spondylitis.Deep x-ray therapy did not appear to be of value in such patients, but they were usually greatly helped by aspirin.The most important measures in their long- term management appeared to be the prevention and early treatment of streptococcal infections.Delta-l Cortisone.-Dr.H. F. West (Sheffield) opened
at a glance..: one-minute abstracts of the current literature on cancer...
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1955)

The British Medical Research Council recently issued a report (No. 284): Intra cranial Gliomata.Statistical analysis of 298 cases showed that 54 per cent were glioblastomas, 33 per cent astrocytomas, 6 per cent medulloblastomas, 5 per cent oligodendrogliomas, and I per cent epen dymomas.Glioblastomas and astrocyto mas are twice as common in males as in females.An age graph for incidonce of intracranial gliomas shows two peaks, at 0 to 9 and at 45 to 54 years.The left cere bral hemisphere was involved four times to the right's three.The tumors were supratentorial in 230 cases and infraten tonal in sixty-eight.In the first decade infratentonial tumors are four times as common as supratentorial.The lobes in volved were, in order of frequency, tem poral, frontal, panietal, and occipital.Symptoms were, in order of frequency, headache, papilledema, vomiting, and epi lepsy.There was radiological abnormality in 60 per cent of the cases; 50 per cent showed evidence of raised intracranial pressure.Only four of 247 patients sub jected to ventniculography showed no ab normality.All of the eighty-nine patients receiving no treatment died within seven
Physician-assisted suicide in Oregon. A bold experiment
Authors: A. Alpers
Journal: JAMA (1995)

ON NOVEMBER 8, 1994, Oregon became the first state to legalize physician-assisted suicide for terminally ill patients. Voters approved the Death With Dignity Act, which allows qualified patients to "legally request and obtain medication from a physician to achieve a humane and dignified death."<sup>1</sup>A federal district court has issued an injunction delaying the implementation of the law until the court can decide several constitutional challenges the measure poses.<sup>2</sup>Nevertheless, with passage of this measure, the debate over assisted suicide enters a new phase. The issue is no longer whether assisted suicide should ever be legalized, but rather how this initiative will be implemented and whether other states will follow Oregon's example. The response of Oregon physicians to a host of unanswered questions raised by the Death With Dignity Act may affect how citizens of other states view assisted suicide. Physicians can expect patients with conditions such as
ESPAC-4: A multicenter, international, open-label randomized controlled phase III trial of adjuvant combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine (GEM) and capecitabine (CAP) versus monotherapy gemcitabine in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Authors: John P. Neoptolemos, Dan Palmer, Paula Ghaneh, Juan W. Valle, David Cunningham, Jonathan Wadsley, Tim Meyer, Alan Anthoney, Bengt Glimelius, Stephen Falk, Ralf Segersvard, Jakob R. Izbicki, Gary William Middleton, Paul J. Ross, Harpreet Wasan, Alec Mcdonald, Tom David Lewis Crosby, Eftychia Eirini Psarelli, Pascal Hammel, Markus W. Buchler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

LBA4006 Background: The ESPAC-3 trial compared adjuvant GEM with 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid for resected pancreatic cancer. GEM is the standard of care based on similar survival and less toxicity. ESPAC-4 aimed to determine whether combination chemotherapy with GEM/CAP improved survival compared to GEM monotherapy. Methods: Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were randomized within 12 weeks of surgery (stratified for R0/R1 resection margin status and country) to have either six 4 week cycles of IV GEM alone or GEM with oral CAP. The primary endpoint was overall survival; secondary endpoints were toxicity, relapse free survival, 2 and 5 year survival and quality of life. 722 patients (480 expected events), 361 in each arm, were needed to detect a 10% difference in 2 year survival rates with 90% power (log-rank test with 5% two-sided alpha). Results: Between Nov 10 2008 and Sep 11 2014, 732 patients were randomized with 730 included in the full analysis set (366 GEM, 364 GEM/CAP). Median age was 65 years, 57% were men. WHO performance status was 0, 1 or 2 in 42% 55% and 3% respectively. Postoperative median CA19-9 was 19 kU/L. Median maximum tumor size was 30 mm, 60% were R1 resections, 80% were node positive and 40% were poorly differentiated. On Dec 11 2015 the Independent Trial Steering Committee requested that the trial proceed to full analysis. The data freeze was on March 2 2016. Median survival (months) for patients treated with GEM/CAP was 28.0 (95% CI, 23.5 – 31.5) and 25.5 (22.7 – 27.9) for GEM. Stratified log-rank analysis revealed an HR=0.82 [95% CI, 0.68 – 0.98]; χ 2 (1) = 4.61, P=0.032. 196 out of 366 GEM patients in the safety set reported 481 grade 3/4 adverse events, while 226 out of 359 GEM/CAP patients reported 608 grade 3/4 adverse events ( P=0.242). Conclusions: Adjuvant GEM/CAP for pancreatic cancer had a statistically significant improvement in survival compared to GEM monotherapy. Clinical trial information: ISRCTN96397434.
Reply:
Authors: Anna S. Lok, James E. Everhart
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

We appreciate the interest of Dr. Raimondo and colleagues in our article.1 Of the 91 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were tested for hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) in serum, 39 of 53 (74%) patients negative for anti-HBc and 32 of 38 (84%) patients positive for anti-HBc met criteria for definite HCC. Among the 28 patients with HCC who were tested for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the liver, 18 of 25 (72%) HBV DNA–negative and two of three (67%) HBV DNA–positive patients met criteria for definite HCC. We would like to point out that the diagnostic criteria for presumed HCC in the HALT-C Trial protocol—a new mass on ultrasound in conjunction with two other imaging studies showing a lesion with arterial enhancement, with or without washout or evidence of progression on follow-up—are very stringent and most, if not all, patients with presumed HCC would have met the current guidelines for diagnosis of HCC. Of the 25 patients with HCC who had undetectable HBV DNA in the liver, 10 were randomized to maintenance peginterferon and 14 to no treatment, whereas one developed HCC during the lead-in phase and was not randomized. All three patients with HCC who had detectable HBV DNA in the liver were in the control group. We acknowledge the limitations of the data based on testing of HBV DNA in the liver; however, serological data showed clearly that despite evidence of a high prevalence of prior HBV infection, there was absolutely no association with HCC. We note that failure to find an association of prior or occult HBV infection and HCC among patients with HCV-related cirrhosis is not confined to the United States. Even in Italy, one large study found no association between anti-HBc in serum and HCC or liver-related deaths.2 Anna S. Lok M.D.*, James E. Everhart M.D. , * Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor, MI, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Bronchospirometry
Authors: P FRENCKNER
Journal: BMJ (1950)

MEDIlCAL JOURNALi because of the small bulk patients prefer this to cortical extracts.Further, deoxycortone can be implanted sub- cutaneously, one tablet of 100 mg.being used for each 1 mg. of injected material.Thus the average patient receiving 5 mg.daily would have implanted 500 mg. of deoxycortone
Tongue necrosis attributed to ergotamine in temporal arteritis
Authors: J. R. Wolpaw
Journal: JAMA (1973)

On two occasions, a woman with temporal arteritis developed tongue cyanosis and numbness shortly after the administration of ergotamine tartrate. Partial necrosis of the tongue resulted. Presumably, the lingual artery compromise, frequently present in temporal arteritis, was made symptomatic by the vasoconstrictive action of ergotamine tartrate.
Appendectomy in hemophilia with the use of cryoprecipitated human factor 8 to control bleeding
Authors: J. M. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Appendectomy was safely performed in a 9-year-old boy with classic hemophilia, and hemostasis was achieved by the use of cryoprecipitated human antihemophilic globulin therapy begun preoperatively and continued for 17 days. Except for urticaria, the use of cryoprecipitated factor VIII was entirely free of side effects. Cryoprecipitated factor VIII is unique among all factor VIII concentrates prepared heretofore in that it is a by-product of plasma fractionation. It may be simply and economically prepared in any blood bank geared to plasma fractionation procedures and may be stored for months without loss of potency. As such cryoprecipitated factor VIII is soon expected to become generally available. The broad clinical use of a potent human factor VIII concentrate holds promise of further reducing the risk and morbidity of bleeding in hemophilia and of permitting safe elective as well as life-saving surgery.
Quantification of Thioguanine-Resistant Lymphocytes from Mice Irradiated In Vivo
Authors: Reinhard Lorenz, Thomas Gollner, Klaus Hempel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Adult mice were Co-60 gamma irradiated, and 7 months later splenocytes were isolated, cultured in microwells, and the frequency of hprt-deficient mutants was determined by measuring the cloning efficiency in media with 6-thioguanine. The mutant frequency at 2, 4, and 6 Gy was 1.6 x 10(-5), 4.4 x 10(-5), and 12.7 x 10(-5), respectively. The frequency of spontaneous mutants was 2.5 x 10(-6). The effect of metabolic cooperation on the cloning efficiency of thioguanine-resistant T-cells in selective medium was evaluated in co-cultures with wild-type T-cells. We found that the growth of hprt-deficient T-cells is supported in the presence of thioguanine-inactivated wild-type splenocytes up to a cell density of 5 x 10(5) cells per well. When cell density was higher, cell growth was inhibited. Possibilities and limitations of cloned lymphocytes for the analysis of somatic mutations that occur in vivo are discussed.
Investigative Urology, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reference Committees of the House of Delegates
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epithelial modulation of leukotriene-C4-induced human tracheal smooth muscle contraction.
Authors: M Yamaya, K Sekizawa, K Yamauchi, H Hoshi, T Sawai, H Sasaki
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We investigated the role of epithelium in smooth muscle contraction induced by leukotriene C4 (LTC4) in isolated human trachea. The contractile response to LTC4 was potentiated by a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) inhibitor L-serine borate and by removal of the epithelium. Both L-serine borate (4.5 x 10(-2) M) and removal of the epithelium shifted the concentration-response curves to LTC4 to lower concentrations by 1.2 and 1.0 log units, respectively. Incubation of cultured human tracheal epithelial cells with either LTC4 or LTD4 resulted in the formation of LTD4 or LTE4. The isolated epithelial cells and cultured epithelial cells contained gamma-GTP activity. Histochemical study indicated that gamma-GTP-like activity was present in the epithelial, submucosal, and smooth muscle layers. These findings suggest that the epithelium modulates the contractile response to LTC4 in human trachea by LT-degrading enzymes.
Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies
Authors: Beverly Koops
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Two cases are reported that illustrate the classic features of coronary artery anomalies. The Stanford experience during 1963 to 1971 is reviewed in detail, emphasizing diagnosis and management. Coronary arteriovenous fistulas are usually easily recognized by auscultation and are confirmed by aortography; surgical interruption is generally advised on a prophylactic basis. Clinically, anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery occurs in children in one of three ways: (1) an infantile type with symptoms of cardiorespiratory distress and often early death; (2) an intermediate type occurs with mild symptoms, growth retardation, and with electrocardiographic and x-ray film findings of myocardial ischemia; (3) an adult type in which patients become symptomatic late or never, but have electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction. Surgical treatment is beneficial in selected cases.
Clinical Practice Guidelines and Scientific Evidence
Authors: Robert S. Bobrow
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A new agenda for women's health
Authors: R. Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

FOR YEARS, advocates have emphasized that the dimensions of women's health go far beyond functions of the ovaries and uterus. Now, a broad-based group of experts is pushing for a new focus on the behavioral and psychosocial factors that affect women's health. Led by officials of the American Psychological Association (APA), the experts convened in Washington, DC, for the first national conference aimed at developing a specific agenda to address the psychosocial aspects of women's health care. "The group is using feedback from the conference's participants and advisory committee to draft an agenda that we hope will be available by September," says Gwendolyn Puryear Keita, PhD, director of the APA's Women's Programs Office. Keita pointed out that the agenda is important as a guide in establishing research funding and programming priorities at the federal level. The APA plans to present the agenda to Congress, Keita said, "because we're trying to
Echinacea for the Common Cold
Authors: Steve Shober
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters7 October 2003Echinacea for the Common ColdSteve Shober, MS, MH, NDSteve Shober, MS, MH, NDFrom Biblical Health Ministries; Waunakee, WI 53597.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-7-200310070-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article on echinacea by Barrett and colleagues (1) has several overt weaknesses. First, alfalfa is not an inactive herb and cannot be used as a placebo. Alfalfa has proven phytoestrogenic actions, is an alterative, detoxifies the blood, is very nutritive, and is antipyretic, any of which may explain why echinacea and alfalfa performed similarly. Were any herbalists on the study team? Just as physicians would not believe an herbalist's claims about cancer research, practitioners of alternative health will not trust this research. It would also have helped to have studied a pharmaceutical drug for a more ...References1. Barrett BP, Brown RL, Locken K, Maberry R, Bobula JA, D'Alessio D. Treatment of the common cold with unrefined echinacea. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:939-46. [PMID: 12484708] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Biblical Health Ministries; Waunakee, WI 53597. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of the Common Cold with Unrefined Echinacea Bruce P. Barrett , Roger L. Brown , Kristin Locken , Rob Maberry , James A. Bobula , and Donn D'Alessio Echinacea for the Common Cold Paul Mittman , Debra Wollner , and Linda Kim Echinacea for the Common Cold Paul J. Millea Echinacea for the Common Cold Bruce Barrett Echinacea for the Common Cold Ethan B. Russo Echinacea for the Common Cold Seth G. Abrahams Echinacea for the Common Cold Wendy L. Applequist Metrics Cited ByAn Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Echinacea ( E. angustifolia DC, E. pallida, E. purpurea ) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration 7 October 2003Volume 139, Issue 7Page: 600KeywordsBloodCommon coldDrugsImmune systemInterferonsMacrophagesT cell receptorsTumor necrosis factor ePublished: 7 October 2003 Issue Published: 7 October 2003 CopyrightCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...