tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bacteriological Swabs
Authors: D. I. Bartlett, M. H. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Streptococcus pyogenes survives poorly on plain cotton-wool swabs, whereas serum-dipped swabs permit its survival but also allow overgrouth by other bacteria and are likely to contain virus inhibitors. The use of swabs dipped in a solution of 20% bovine albumin (fraction V) and sterilized by steam is therefore recommended, since these permit bacterial survival without growth and are unlikely to contain virus inhibitors.
Does This Patient Have Appendicitis?
Authors: M. H. Moustafa
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Wagner and colleagues are to be congratulated on a thorough review<sup>1</sup>of the clinical diagnosis of appendicitis. However, there are several statements with which we disagree. The test for rebound tenderness is advocated for diagnosing general or localized irritation of the peritoneum, but the diagnostic accuracy and patients' acceptance of the test have been questioned.<sup>2,3</sup>The authors recommend performing the test for rebound tenderness by gradually compressing the abdomen and underlying peritoneum and then "without warning, and preferably while the patient's attention is distracted, remove the hand suddenly to just above skin level. Watching the patient grimace is more indicative than a complaint of pain." In our opinion and that of others, this test is somewhat sadistic and often provides no additional information in patients who clearly have peritonitis based on gentler examination techniques. A gentle examination technique is essential in eliciting abdominal guarding, which is the
Histoplasmosis with hypercalcemia, renal failure, and papillary necrosis. Confusion with sarcoidosis.
Authors: J. V. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A 56-year-old man with a three-month history of fever, malaise, anorexia, mental confusion, and weight loss had hypercalcemia and azotemia. The chest roentgenogram was normal. Biopsy material removed 2 1/2 years previously showed noncaseating granulomas. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed, and prednisone was administered. Fever persisted, and the patient died 49 days after admission. Postmortem examination showed evidence of extensive disseminated histoplasmosis, interstitial nephritis, and papillary necrosis. This communication emphasizes the difficulty in diagnosing the etiology of disseminated, noncaseating granulomatous disease. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1350-1352, 1977)
Genomic Alterations Important for the Prognosis in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma Treated on SWOG Study S0016
Authors: Xiaoyu Qu, Hongli Li, Oliver W Press, Lisa M. Rimsza, Rita M. Braziel, Michael Leblanc, Eric D. Hsi, Sonali M. Smith, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Min Fang
Journal: Blood (2015)
PREVENTION OF PREMATURE BURIAL.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Likelihood Ratios for Modern Screening Mammography
Authors: Karla Kerlikowske
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) for modern screening mammography by decade of age and mammographic interpretation. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Nine counties in northern California. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 26 057 women aged 30 years and older who underwent a total of 41 747 first and subsequent screening mammographic examinations at the Mobile Mammography Screening Program of the University of California, San Francisco, from April 1985 to September 1991. <h3>Measurements.</h3> —Breast cancer risk profile, 2 standard mammographic views per breast, and follow-up of abnormal and normal mammograms by contacting women's physicians and by linkage to the regional Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results tumor registry. False-negative examinations were normal examinations that occurred within 13 months of a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ. <h3>Results.</h3> —The sensitivity of first screening mammography increased with age: 77.3% for ages 30 to 39 years, 86.7% for ages 40 to 49 years, 93.6% for ages 50 to 59 years, 94.1% for ages 60 to 69 years, and 91.2% for ages 70 years and older (<i>P</i>=.04). Specificity was similar for all ages, ranging from 92.6% to 95.2%. Of all abnormal first screening examinations, 92.9% were reported as "additional evaluation needed." The LRs for that category ranged from 5.2 to 8.8 and did not vary with age. Based on the risk of breast cancer before mammography, which increases with age, the risk of breast cancer after mammography associated with these LRs were 0.01 for ages 30 to 39 years, 0.02 for ages 40 to 49 years, 0.05 for ages 50 to 59 years, 0.07 for ages 60 to 69 years, and 0.07 for ages 70 years and older. The LRs for mammography reported as "suspicious for malignancy" ranged from 88 to 144 and did not vary across age groups. These LRs were associated with a risk of breast cancer about 10 times greater than when mammography was reported as "additional evaluation needed." <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Most abnormal first screening mammography are interpreted as "additional evaluation needed" and are associated with LRs of about 7. Given this low LR, the risk of breast cancer after mammography is primarily influenced by a woman's age-specific risk of breast cancer before mammography. The LRs for screening mammography interpreted as "suspicious for malignancy" are high (about 124) and are associated with a substantial increase in the risk of breast cancer irrespective of age, but these interpretations comprise only a small proportion of abnormal mammography.
ANOTHER INTERFERENCE WITH THE FREEDOM OF CATTLE
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase I/II multi-center study of nivolumab and carboplatin/paclitaxel with radiation therapy (RT) for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Authors: Iulia Giuroiu, Geoffrey Yuyat Ku, Lawrence P. Leichman, Kevin Lee Du, Philmo Oh, Benjamin A. Levinson, Syma Iqbal, Charles R. Thomas, Jennifer J. Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

TPS199 Background: ESCC comprises 80% of esophageal cancers worldwide. Preoperative chemoRT is a standard-of-care based on the CROSS trial ( N Engl J Med 2012;366:2074-2084), which reported encouraging pathologic complete response (pCR) and overall survival (OS). Surgery is often deferred in patients with clinical CR (cCR) based on lack of overall survival (OS) benefit ( J Clin Oncol 2005;23:2310-2317, J Clin Oncol 2007;25:1160-1168). Nivolumab has activity in advanced ESCC ( Lancet Oncol 2017;18:631-639), and adding it to chemoRT may improve outcomes. ESCC has a high somatic mutation rate and treatment with chemoRT may augment the abscopal effect. Methods: Our trial aims to establish the safety and tolerability (phase I), as well as the efficacy (phase II) of nivolumab added to a standard chemoRT backbone for patients with T any N 1-3 or T 3-4 N 0 M 0 ESCC. Phase I will enroll up to 12 patients and phase II, up to 44, per an optimal two-stage design. The phase I primary endpoint is unacceptable toxicity at 28 days after the last dose of chemotherapy. Phase II primary endpoints are cCR (endoscopy + PET/CT), pCR for patients undergoing surgery, and median progression-free survival and OS, which will be estimated via Kaplan Meier curves. Extensive tumor and blood immune correlative studies are planned. Clinical trial information: NCT03278626. [Table: see text]
Military Medicine, Washington
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessment of Testicular Testosterone Production and Leydig Cell Structure
Authors: Larry L. Ewing, Barry R. Zirkin, Curtis Chubb
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Advances in two techniques have made the problem of assessing the acute and/or chronic effects of toxic agents on Leydig cell structure and testosterone synthesis and secretion amenable to study. First, in vitro testicular perfusion has been perfected to a point where it closely resembles in situ testosterone secretion. Second, now it is possible to quantify the proportion of Leydig cell cytoplasm occupied by the cellular organelles which contain steroidogenic enzymes. Herein, we report that inhibition of Leydig cell steroidogenic enzymes is reflected by reduced testosterone secretion by in vitro perfused rat and rabbit testes. Moreover, the activity of specific steroidogenic reactions can be monitored by measuring the secretion of reaction substrate(s) and product(s) from in vitro perfused testes. Testosterone secretion by in vitro perfused testes from five species is highly and positively correlated with the volume density of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in Leydig cell cytoplasm. Exploitation of these findings will allow toxicologists to quantitatively assess the effect of toxicants on Leydig cell testosterone biosynthesis and secretion, to identify the specific steroidogenic enzymes affected, to assess whether the membranous environment of the steroidogenic enzymes is compromised, and perhaps even to predict the deleterious effect of a toxic agent on Leydig cell steroidogenic function from a stereological assessment of Leydig cell ultrastructure.
Fifty Years of Golf: My Memories.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postembryonic Neuronal Plasticity And Its Hormonal Control During Insect Metamorphosis
Authors: J. Weeks
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1990)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
BOOKS REVIEWS
Authors: E. CHU, P. POLITI
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article BOOKS REVIEWS Get access American Cancer Society Textbook of Clinical Oncology Arthur I. Holleb , Diane J. Fink , Gerald P. Murphy , eds. Atlanta : Am. Cancer Soc. , 1991 . 717 pp., illus. Minimal charge. EDWARD CHU, EDWARD CHU Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBldg 10, Rm. 12N226 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20814 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PEDRO POLITI PEDRO POLITI Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBldg 10, Rm. 12N226 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20814 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 3, 5 February 1992, Page 198, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.3.198 Published: 05 February 1992
Prevention of everolimus/exemestane (EVE/EXE) stomatitis in postmenopausal (PM) women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) using a dexamethasone-based mouthwash (MW): Results of the SWISH trial.
Authors: Hope S. Rugo, J. Thaddeus Beck, John A. Glaspy, Julio Antonio Peguero, Timothy J. Pluard, Navneet Dhillon, Leon C. Hwang, Chaitali Singh Nangia, Ingrid A. Mayer, Timothy F. Meiller, Mark Steven Chambers, Ghulam Warsi, Robert William Sweetman, J. Randy Sabo, Lasikas Seneviratne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

189 Background: Stomatitis is a frequent adverse event (AE) associated with mTOR inhibition. In BOLERO-2 patients (pts) receiving EVE/EXE, all grade (Gr) stomatitis was 67%; 33% had Gr ≥ 2 and 8% Gr 3. Median time to ≥ Gr 2 onset was 15.5 days; incidence of new stomatitis (Gr ≥ 2) plateaued at 6 wks. In a meta-analysis, 89% of first stomatitis events occurred within 8 wks. Topical steroids are used to treat aphthous ulcers; anecdotal use as prophylaxis has been reported. Methods: Eligibility included PM women with HR+ MBC prescribed EVE/EXE. Treatment included EVE 10 mg and EXE 25 mg QD, with 10 mL of commercially available 0.5 mg/5 mL dexamethasone oral solution to swish x 2 min and spit QID for 8 wks starting day 1. Pts completed a daily adherence log, including an oral pain (range 0-10) and normalcy of diet score. The primary endpoint was to compare the incidence of Gr ≥ 2 stomatitis at 8 wks with BOLERO-2 results. Secondary endpoints included MW use by average times/day, EVE/EXE dose intensity, incidence of all Gr stomatitis and time to resolution to Gr ≤ 1. Results: 92 women were enrolled; 86 were evaluable for efficacy. Median age was 61 yrs (range 34-87); median dose intensity was 10 (range 3-10) and 25 mg (range 8-25) for EVE and EXE, respectively. 95% of pts used the MW 3-4 times/day (median MW use/day = 3.95, range 1.9-4). At 8 wks, the rate of ≥ Gr 2 stomatitis was 2.4% (2 pts) with a Gr 1 rate of 18.8%. A comparison of stomatitis incidence by grade between BOLERO-2 and SWISH is shown in the table. In the 75 patients with complete ECOG scores, 88% maintained/improved ECOG status. Mean pain scale score was &lt; 1 at all visits; 88% of pts reported a normal diet at 8 wks. 13% discontinued EVE/EXE due to suspected related AEs (most common: rash, 2%; hyperglycemia, 2%; stomatitis, 2%; and pneumonitis, 1%). Conclusions: Prophylactic use of 0.5 mg/5 mL dexamethasone oral solution markedly decreases the incidence and severity of stomatitis in patients receiving EVE/EXE for MBC and should be considered a new standard of oral care in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT02069093. [Table: see text]
Ultrasonic aortography
Authors: B. B. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Ultrasonic detection and measurement of the abdominal aorta can be accomplished accurately and quickly. Sections of the aorta obtained at autopsy were measured and subsequently immersed in water and studied by ultrasound. Ultrasonic aortography was performed on patients with suspected cases of abdominal aneurysm and the results compared with those obtained from contrast aortography. In four instances in which the patients came to surgery, the actual specimens were available for comparison and measurement. Preliminary results indicate that ultrasonic measurements of the aorta compare favorably with those obtained by contrast aortography and actual caliper determinations.
III. THE SOLDIER'S FOOT AND THE TREATMENT OF COMMON DEFORMITIES OF THE FOOT
Authors: R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1916)

THE foot must be regarded for oui present purpose as conlsisting of twvo parts-: The hinder part, belhind the imid-tarsal joint formed by tlho os calcis and astragalus; and the fore part, in front of tlhat join!t, consisting of the Lest of the tarsus, tlle metatarsus and thle toes.The Three Arches of the Foot.The hinder part of the foot is designed to carry the body weight wlhen standing.The os calcis and astragalus are ctrongly bound touetlher by ligamUtents, anid the astragalus is securely set between the two malleoli at the ankle-joint.The fore part of tlje foot is m11uch1 ixnore miobile, and is
VD journals
Authors: J. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Further evidence is provided to document the availability of dual pathways for the interaction of C with guinea pig immunoglobulins. Preformed aggregates containing the γ1 molecules, bypass C1, C4 and C2 in their attack on C3. This reaction is rapid, and is inhibited by salicylaldoxime or dilution of the serum used as a source of C. Magnesium provides the essential divalent cation for this fixation process, which is more efficient at 37°C than at 4°C. Preformed aggregates containing γ2 antibodies fix C more slowly, a process which is not diminished as the serum C is diluted and is not inhibited by salicylaldoxime. Preformed complexes of these immunoglobulins also require magnesium for the C3 shunt pathway.
Abstract 1345: Automated capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells across different types of tumors in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Izhar S. Batth, Wafik Zaky, Soumen Khatua, Najat C. Daw, Kris M. Mahadeo, Sajad Khazal, Aisha Albert, Wilber Huang, Diva Chen, Jonathan B. Gill, Eugenie Kleinerman, Richard Gorlick, Shulin Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The clinical utility of blood analysis such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has garnered increasing interest in recent years. However very few studies were conducted in pediatric cancer patients especially in brain tumor, osteosarcoma, and leukemia patients due to the lack of an effective tool to isolate/capture CTC from these patients. For example, only three independent studies were published to investigate CTC capture from adult brain tumor patients but zero studies were conducted with pediatric brain cancer patients. Our previous studies showed the high specificity of using cell surface vimentin (CSV) to identify and capture CTCs from various types of adult tumor patients using a manual isolation method. Here we present the first automated system for capturing CTCs across different types of pediatric tumors. This automated system utilizes the Abnova CytoQuest system loaded with the CSV antibody 84-1-coated microfluidic cassette for capturing CTCs from peripheral blood samples. This automated assay was very sensitive because as few as one tumor cell can be captured out from one million normal cells. Based on our preliminary study, our success rate for non-DIPG brain tumor, ALL, and AML patients is 100%. This success provides a potential opportunity for analyzing brain tumor genetic properties using blood samples instead of the invasive tumor biopsy; likewise, this high sensitivity assay opens up clinical opportunities to use this assay for transplant and treatment decision making. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Izhar S. Batth, Wafik Zaky, Soumen Khatua, Najat C. Daw, Kris M. Mahadeo, Sajad Khazal, Aisha Albert, Wilber Huang, Diva Chen, Jonathan B. Gill, Eugenie Kleinerman, Richard Gorlick, Shulin Li. Automated capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells across different types of tumors in pediatric cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1345.