tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-075 Antioxidants in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer: a UK prospective cohort study using data from food diaries
Authors: P J R Banim, R Luben, A McTaggart, N J Wareham, K Khaw, A R Hart
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The aetiology of pancreatic cancer is largely unknown although the antioxidants vitamin E, vitamin C and selenium may prevent carcinogenesis by preventing free radical induced cell damage. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these micronutrients affect the risk of developing pancreatic cancer, for the first time in a prospective cohort study, using seven-day food diaries (7-DFDs) to estimate anti-oxidant intake. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 25 639 men and women aged 45–74 years were recruited between 1993 and 1997 into the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk and completed 7-DFDs. The dietary intakes of vitamin C, vitamin E and selenium were calculated using a computer program containing information on 11 000 food items. The cohort was monitored for 16 years to identify those who developed pancreatic cancer. Each case was matched with four controls for age and sex and conditional logistic regression used to calculate OR and 95% CI for the intake of each antioxidant, adjusted for smoking, diabetes and total energy intake. To look for a threshold effect the OR was calculated comparing the lowest quintile of each antioxidant with a combination of the higher four quintiles. <h3>Results</h3> During follow-up, 81 participants (51% men) developed pancreatic cancer (mean age=71.4 years, SD=8.6 years). The four highest quintiles of vitamin E were negatively associated with the development of pancreatic cancer, although there was no dose-dependent effect (OR for the fourth highest quintile vs the lowest=0.37, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.88 p=0.03, OR for the fifth quintile=0.46, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.11, p=0.09). The OR for the lowest quintile compared to a summation of the four highest quintiles was 0.45 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.85, p=0.01). No significant associations were found for the dietary intakes of either vitamin C or selenium. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is the first prospective epidemiological study, using detailed 7-DFDs, to demonstrate a protective effect of vitamin E in the development of pancreatic cancer. These results suggest vitamin E should be measured in future work on the aetiology of this cancer. Consistent findings together with plausible biological mechanisms would support measures to increase the dietary intake of vitamin E in the population.
Disseminated Sporotrichosis
Authors: N E Aronson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ACUTE PNEUMOTHORAX
Authors: L. S. T. Burrell
Journal: BMJ (1935)

Acute pneumothorax may occur as a result of injury, abscess of lung, carcinoma, or other gross disease.In the majority of cases, however, it is caused by tuberculosis or the rupture of an emphysematous bulla, and in this paper I shall deal only with pneumothorax resulting from one of these two conditions.At the same time it should be understood that the initial treatment in the case of an acute pneumothorax is the samp whatever the cause may be.The treatment depends upon the severity of the symptoms.These may consist of no more than slight shortness of breath; or, indeed, there may be no symptoms at all.On the other hand, the pneumothorax may be ushered in by pain of such severity that a diagnosis of perforated gastric ulcer has been made, or by extreme dyspnoea quickly followed by death.In the mild cases all that is necessary is to keep the patient in bed, and the lung generally re-expands in a few days.However well the patient may feel it is not wise for him to be up and about, for this will delay re-expansion of the lung, increase the chances of complications, such as effusion, or possibly lead to a chronic pneumothorax.If the tear in the visceral pleura is valvular, air may be drawn into the pleural cavity by the deep inspiration following cough, and a pneumothorax at first too small to give rise to any serious symptoms will gradually increase and produce a dangerous degree of dyspnoea.It is essential, therefore, for someone to be with the patient during the first twentyfour hours, and if possible he should be in a nursing home or hospital, where immediate aid is at hand should it be required.
PHYSICIANS AND TARIFF.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute otitis media
Authors: D W Skinner, A J Prichard, A Narula
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Acute otitis media SIR,-Mr George G Browning and colleagues state that diagnosing acute otitis media is not easy even when carried out by specialists.'Unfortunately, in two of the studies quoted2 the diagnosis was made predominantly by doctors without specialist training.If only half of children with otalgia have acute otitis media some ofthe figures quoted may be underestimated by a factor of two.Even if the data are accurate, surely a failure of resolution in 15% of "untreated" children is unacceptably high?The advocated policy of withholding antibiotics
Oral Sessions_Wednesday_14 October 2009
Authors: T Jansen, J Van Bommel, J Schoonderbeek, S Sleeswijk Visser, J Van Der Klooster, A Lima, S Willemsen, J Bakker, Lactate Study Group, S Jhanji, A Vivian-Smith, S Lucena-Amaro, D Watson, C Hinds, R Pearse, C Den Uil, W Lagrand, M Van Der Ent, L Jewbali, P Spronk, M Simoons, S Mentzelopoulos, G Chamos, T Taidou, D Konstantopoulos, A Lomaka, V Mintzi, E Sika, G Ganeli, K Koutsodimou, D Makris, S Sourlas, S Grosek, Z Petrin, A Kopitar, J Grosek, J Erzen, T Stopar Gmeiner, M Petreska, J Primozic, A Ihan
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)

INTRODUCTION.Hyperlactatemia in critically ill patients is associated with increased mortality.However, it is unknown whether the use of lactate clearance as a resuscitation endpoint improves survival.OBJECTIVE.The primary objective of this multi-centre study was to assess the effect of lactate-directed therapy on hospital mortality, in patients admitted to the ICU with a lactate level of C3.0 mmol/l.METHODS.We randomly allocated patients with hyperlactatemia to either lactate-directed therapy or non-lactate directed therapy during the first 8 h of ICU stay.Hospital mortality (primary outcome), resuscitation endpoints, administered therapy, organ failure and use of health care resources were compared between the two groups.RESULTS.In the intention-to-treat population of 348 patients, early lactate-directed therapy did not significantly reduce in-hospital mortality as compared with non-lactate directed therapy (33.9% vs. 43.5%,p = 0.067).However, when corrected for predefined risk factors, hospital mortality was lower in patients assigned to early lactate-directed therapy (hazard ratio 0.61, 95% CI 0.43-0.87,p = 0.006).Additionally, early lactate-directed therapy resulted in a lower SOFA score between 9 and 72 h, earlier discharge from the ICU, earlier weaning from mechanical ventilation and earlier cessation of inotropes.CONCLUSION.The use of lactate-directed therapy in the initial resuscitation of critically ill patients admitted to the ICU with increased blood lactate levels reduces hospital mortality in an intention-to-treat analysis corrected for predefined risk factors.In addition lactate-directed therapy significantly decreases organ failure and the use of health care resources in these patients.
Surgical Pathology
Authors: H. H. R. Friederici
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The fifth edition, 21 years after the first one, is extensively revised, partly rewritten, and expanded both in text and illustrations. The book has benefited very substantially in the revision. Paradoxically, in the chapter on ultrastructure, the illustrations are old and the text is only slightly changed. One would expect more extensive revision in areas such as cell membranes, viruses, and tumors, which have experienced such a remarkable flood of new information in the last five years. All other chapters have been extensively changed, some appear almost completely new, and there are many new illustrations. The nomenclature demonstrates some of the newer views, and new types of surgical pathology specimens are now included, such as excised heart valves. There are only a few flaws, such as the notion that ischemic colitis is a rare lesion and the omission of ischemic injury and hypokalemic stenosis of the small intestine. No mention
Leads from the MMWR. Hepatitis A among drug abusers
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Useless drugs.
Authors: A Bamji
Journal: BMJ (1979)

phils, the theatre staff had 221 ±99 x 106/1 eosino- phils and the controls 79±63 x 106/1 (P<0001).When those with any kind of allergic history were excluded, a statistically significant difference remained between the groups.When the leucocyte and differential counts were checked six months later, the leucocyte count was 4900 ±780 x 106/1 in the theatre staff and 4500 ± 1090 x 106/1 in the controls.The proportion of eosinophils was 0 04 ±0-02 in the theatre staff and in the controls 0-02±0-02 (P<001), and the absolute eosinophil counts were 206±119x 106/1 and 96±72x 106/1 respectively (P<005).Summer holidays of one month in the theatre staff had no effect on the leucocyte and eosinophil counts.However, when the direct chamber method of Randolph7 was used, the eosinophil count in the theatre staff was 132 ±68 ( x 106/l) and 94 ± 67( x 106/1) in the controls (P> 005).To verify the previous finding of the increased eosinophil count in the theatre staff of Loimaa Regional Hospital, we studied the operating theatre personnel of Turku University Central Hospital.They included 125 nurses and doctors (117 women and eight men).The controls were 70 nurses from the wards.The proportion of eosinophils, 0 03 + 0-02 in the theatre staff, was higher than in the controls (0 02 ±0-02) (P <0-05); but the difference in the absolute numbers of eosinophils (173± 147 X 106/1 and 144± 122 x 106/1, respectively) was not statistically significant.This study suggests that operating theatre work increases the proportion of eosinophils.The same observation has been made by Werthmann,8 but in that study the eosinophil count decreased after six weeks' leave.The clinical significance of this finding remains to be established.
SKIN TEMPERATURE AND HEAT LOSS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Text-Book of Diseases of the Nose, Throat and Ear.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Henry T. Ricketts, MD, diabetes specialist, dies
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An analysis of sodium 18F-fluoride PET/CT and prostate specific antigen (PSA) changes in men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Julius Strauss, Mark Ahlman, Fatima Karzai, Christopher Ryan Heery, Lisa M Cordes, Sheri McMahon, Anna Couvillon, Myrna Rauckhorst, Chrisa Thomas, Marc Robert Theoret, Jennifer L. Marte, Corina Millo, Maria Liza Lindenberg, Baris Turkbey, Peter L. Choyke, William Douglas Figg, Jeffrey Schlom, William L. Dahut, James L. Gulley, Ravi Amrit Madan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e23149 Background: Recently there has been growing evidence that 18F-Fluoride PET/CT has increased sensitivity relative to technetium-99m diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) bone scan for evaluating metastatic bone disease. This analysis studied changes in 18F-Fluoride PET/CT and evaluated associations with PSA changes for mCRPC patients (pts) on enzalutamide (enz). Methods: As part of a randomized phase II study evaluating enz with or without vaccine therapy, men with mCRPC electively underwent 18F-Fluoride PET/CT at 3 month (mos) intervals [NCT01867333]. At these points serum PSA was collected. Using Mirada v1.1.031, data was taken on max SUV and volume of cancerous lesions and a variable, ΣSUV*V, was calculated which was defined as the sum of the products of SUV max and volume of cancerous lesions. Results: At the time of our analysis, 19 pts had PSA and PET/CT data for at least 2 time points within 1 year of initiating therapy. The median baseline PSA was 19.6 ng/ml (0.76-587). All pts had predominantly bone disease with 10 having small volume lymphadenopathy. Only 1/19 pts progressed by PSA Working Group criteria. An analysis found that 18/19 pts (95%) had an association between changes in PSA and ΣSUV*Volume. Of these 18 pts, 13 had a major ( > 50%) and 1 had a minor ( > 30%) PSA response and all 14 had an accompanying decrease in ΣSUV*Volume. For 11/14 pts with PSA responses, the change in ΣSUV*Volume paralleled the change in PSA at all time points, while for 3 pts an associated change between ΣSUV*Volume and PSA was delayed by 3 mos. 4/14 pts had short term responses lasting only 3 mos followed by PSA increases. For these 4 pts the changes in ΣSUV*Volume paralleled PSA changes, decreasing at 3 mos and increasing thereafter. Finally 4/18 patients had no PSA response to therapy. All 4 pts had increases in ΣSUV*Volume which paralleled rising PSA values. Conclusions: Preliminary data from a small cohort suggests that findings on 18F-Fluoride PET/CT are associated with PSA changes. This represents a substantial difference from standard Tc-99m MDP and suggests that 18F-Fluoride PET/CT may provide a more sensitive analysis of bone disease. Additional data from this and other studies are required.
Interpregnancy interval and risk of preterm birth and neonatal death: retrospective cohort study
Journal: BMJ (2003)

HIV infectionConservative treatment is preferable because of the risk of septic complications after surgery, and other causes of perianal symptoms should be excluded.Patients with asymptomatic HIV infection may be treated safely and successfully by band ligation. 24There is a risk of delayed wound healing after haemorrhoidectomy in HIV-positive patients which is higher for patients with AIDS. 25Pregnancy Symptomatic haemorrhoids are common as a result of hormonal changes and straining associated with constipation.Haemorrhoids should be managed conservatively, using laxatives and dietary fibre.Surgery for intractable disease should be delayed until the fetus is viable.Surgical excision of symptomatic tissue at this stage may be performed safely under local anaesthesia. 26
THE MEDICAL COLLEGES OF THE UNITED STATES.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impedance Plethysmography in Anesthesiology
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal