tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study 27: Plasma lipids and lipoproteins at diagnosis of NIDDM by age and sex
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To compare fasting plasma lipids and lipoproteins in male and female patients at diagnosis of NIDDM and to examine age and sex differences in lipid concentrations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional study of fasting plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride in 2,139 male and 1,574 female white patients, aged 25–65 years, at diagnosis of NIDDM. RESULTS At diagnosis of NIDDM, the mean age ± SD for men was 52 ± 9 and 53 ± 9 years for women; BMI was 28.3 ± 4.9 and 30.8 ± 6.7 kg/m2, and fasting plasma glucose was 11.6 ± 3.6 and 12.4 ± 3.8 mmol/l, respectively. The mean total and LDL cholesterol were higher in female than in male NIDDM patients, 5.8 ± 1.2 vs. 5.5 ± 1.1 and 3.9 ± 1.1 vs. 3.6 ± 1.0 mmol/l (both P &amp;lt; 0.001), respectively, while triglyceride levels were similar: geometric mean (1 SD interval) for men and women was 1.8 (1.1–3.1) vs. 1.8 (1.1–2.9) mmol/l. HDL cholesterol was higher in female than in male NIDDM patients, 1.09 ± 0.2 vs. 1.01 ± 0.24 mmol/l (P &amp;lt; 0.001); the sex differential for HDL cholesterol was 7% in NIDDM patients compared with 22% in the general population. Data analysis by 5-year age bands showed a significant trend toward lower total cholesterol and triglyceride and higher HDL cholesterol in men diagnosed above the age of 50 years. In female NIDDM patients, lipid concentrations increased with age of diagnosis but reached a plateau above the age of 50 years. CONCLUSIONS The effect of NIDDM, observed at diagnosis, on plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels is more pronounced in women than in men. This may explain in part why the cardiovascular risk is proportionally higher in female patients.
Hypochlorous Acid-Activated Carbon: An Oxidizing Agent Capable of Producing Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Authors: Evangelos A. Voudrias, Richard A. Larson, Vernon L. Snoeyink, Abraham S. C. Chen, Pat L. Stapleton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Granular activated carbon (GAC), in the presence of dilute aqueous hypochlorite solutions typical of those used in water treatment, was converted to a reagent capable of carrying out free-radical coupling reactions and other oxidations of dilute aqueous solutions of phenols. The products included biphenyls with chlorine and hydroxyl substitution (hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls). For example, 2,4-dichlorophenol, a common constituent of wastewaters and also natural waters treated with hypochlorite, was converted to 3,5,5'trichloro-2,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl and several related compounds in significant amounts. It is possible that these products pose more of a health hazard than either the starting phenols or the unhydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl derivatives.
Cholecystokinin Cholecystography
Authors: Fred H. Dunn
Journal: JAMA (1974)

X-ray films of the opacified gallbladder (ipodate [Oragrafin] sodium) were taken at intervals following intravenous injection of cholecystokinin in 44 control subjects and in 74 patients with a history suggestive of gallbladder disease, but in whom routine cholecystography was normal. Abnormal results were found in 30% to 40% of the patient group, but the incidence of "false-positive" results was high in the control group (14%, 34%, and 36%, according to three radiologists). Because of continued pain, 29 of the patients were subjected to cholecystectomy. The clinical response to surgical treatment and the histologic findings in the resected gallbladders were similar in patients with "normal" and "abnormal" preoperative cholecystokinin cholangiographic studies. It is concluded that cholecystokinin cholecystography, as currently employed, is not helpful in the diagnosis and management of patients with possible acalculous gallbladder disease. (<i>JAMA</i>228:997-1003, 1974)
Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology
Authors: Sidney Schulman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The second edition of this book,<i>Diseases of the Nervous System</i>, with its pointed subtitle, "Clinical Neurobiology," is a worthy update of the first, which appeared in 1986. The editors have been successful again in gathering a throng of experts (171 for this edition, some of them new to the book) who submit manuscripts on time, with the result that what they say is up to the minute. The two volumes of some 800 pages each (exclusive of bibliographies), liberally illustrated with tables, graphs, diagrams, and drawings, are a mine of information. The deliberate focus, and what is in fact primarily set forth here, is the pathophysiology of disorders of the nervous system in terms of the present status of basic research. The book's 123 chapters are divided into 21 groups or sections, generally of four to ten chapters each. On looking through the titles of these sections, it is
Mothers
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Echinacea for the Common Cold
Authors: Bruce Barrett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters7 October 2003Echinacea for the Common ColdBruce Barrett, MD, PhDBruce Barrett, MD, PhDFrom University of WisconsinMadison; Madison, WI 53713.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-7-200310070-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Randomized, controlled trials are designed to test specific hypotheses. While bias can be reduced, generalizability and interpretation are limited. In our trial, a specific echinacea preparation was tested against a specific control as a treatment for the common cold. The choice of echinacea was influenced by the literature and by popular practice. Several trials of Echinacea purpurea and E. angustifolia preparations had been positively reported (1, 2). Products containing either or both species were in wide use. We chose a capsulized whole plant preparation for its simplicity and ease of manufacture. We avoided a liquid preparation because the ...References1. Barrett B. Medicinal properties of Echinacea: a critical review. Phytomedicine. 2003;10:66-86. [PMID: 12622467] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Melchart D, Linde K, Fischer P, Kaesmayr J. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000:CD000530. [PMID: 10796553] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Bruce Barrett, MD, PhDAffiliations: From University of WisconsinMadison; Madison, WI 53713. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of the Common Cold with Unrefined Echinacea Bruce P. Barrett , Roger L. Brown , Kristin Locken , Rob Maberry , James A. Bobula , and Donn D'Alessio Echinacea for the Common Cold Ethan B. Russo Echinacea for the Common Cold Seth G. Abrahams Echinacea for the Common Cold Wendy L. Applequist Echinacea for the Common Cold Steve Shober Echinacea for the Common Cold Paul Mittman , Debra Wollner , and Linda Kim Echinacea for the Common Cold Paul J. Millea Metrics Cited byPlacebo control and clinical trial of Chinese medicine 7 October 2003Volume 139, Issue 7Page: 601KeywordsCommon coldResearch reporting guidelinesTasteTechnicians ePublished: 7 October 2003 Issue Published: 7 October 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
AMA Membership: Reprise
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The second holocaust
Authors: R. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1980)

I had the privilege of spending December and January in Khae-I-Dang, a camp for Cambodian refugees just inside Thailand that housed 115,000 and had a field hospital of 2,000. For me, as an individual and as a physician, this was the most rewarding experience of my life. It was probably the closest I will ever come to the kind of fulfillment that rural general practitioners received years ago. However, it was also the most frustrating of experiences because of the difficult conditions and the emotional pain we felt over the inadequacies of supplies, administration, and medical care. It was like the first line in<i>Tale of Two Cities</i>: "the best of times and the worst of times." As food and medical supplies began to reach the camps and the border, we were able to make major inroads in fighting malnutrition and a host of common and uncommon diseases. The lack
OF "BELLY"
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interleukin-6 protects liver against warm ischemia/reperfusion injury and promotes hepatocyte proliferation in the rodent
Authors: C Camargo
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acute reactant cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties, which has been found to prevent injury in a model of acute hepatitis in mice through downregulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α); to correlate inversely with markers of hepatocellular injury in patients with liver ischemia; and to initiate liver regeneration in mice. In this study, we investigated the role of IL-6 in rodent models of hepatic warm ischemia/reperfusion (WI/Rp) injury. IL-6-deficient mice (-/-) were subjected to hepatic WI and compared with C57BL/6 mice, as well as IL-6 -/- mice pretreated with recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6). The effects of rIL-6 following various periods of ischemia were further studied in models of hepatic ischemia in rats. IL-6 -/- mice had increased reperfusion injury as assessed by transaminase levels and a tissue necrosis scoring system when compared with controls, an effect prevented by pretreatment with rIL-6. Similarly, rats pretreated with rIL-6 had reduced reperfusion injury and better survival than controls in each respective WI group. Tissue TNF-α expression measured by Northern blot analysis and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a marker of inflammation, were significantly reduced in animals pretreated with rIL-6. Administration of antibodies to TNF-α reproduced the beneficial effect of rIL-6. Hepatocyte proliferation, as assessed by a scoring method for mitotic index and proliferating nuclear cell antigen staining, was markedly increased in rIL-6-treated rats when compared with controls. In conclusion, this study suggests that IL-6 could play an important role in limiting hepatic warm ischemia/reperfusion (WI/Rp) injury, probably through its anti-inflammatory properties, modulation of TNF-α, and/or promotion of liver regeneration. rIL-6 might become an important cytokine in clinical situations associated with WI/Rp injury.
Voprosy Onkologii, Leningrad
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Traduttore, Traditore
Authors: William C. Caccamise
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article in the Dec 20, 1985, issue entitled "Cross-Cultural Communication: The Special Case of Interpreters in Health Care"<sup>1</sup>contains helpful information. However, the problems in the use of interpreters are inherent, not only in the health care field but in all fields, and they have been completely and trenchantly expressed in the elegant Italian phrase<i>traduttore, traditore</i>(translators, traitors).
Availability of PHS-149 Reports Entitled “Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for Carcinogenicity Activity”
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Availability of PHS-149 Reports Entitled “Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for Carcinogenicity Activity” Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 70, Issue 2, February 1983, Page 387, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/70.2.387-a Published: 01 February 1983
Pancreatitis
Authors: George L. Nardi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

PANCREATITIS is a pathologic derangement of the exocrine pancreas that, for lack of a better term, may be considered "inflammatory." This dysfunction results in a variety of clinical syndromes and morphologic changes depending on the stage at which the disease is encountered and the response of the host.Although I am no more certain of the fundamental cause of pancreatitis than other workers in this field I believe strongly that to pursue a consistent program of treatment, certain etiologic assumptions must be made. Until better evidence is presented it is my opinion that in almost all cases of clinical pancreatitis, . . .
Necessary Risks
Authors: Murray E. Jarvik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The practice of medicine has two major goals: the prolongation of life and the relief of suffering. I think that few persons will deny that efforts to make life more tolerable are at least as important as those to extend it. Yet, the paradox is that the medical profession, the pharmaceutical industry, governmental agencies and, perhaps most important, the judicial system act as though the relief of discomfort for cancer patients does not warrant the same risk and effort as attempts at prolonging their survival. The recent withdrawal from clinical trials of nabilone, the synthetic cannabinoid manufactured by Eli Lilly . . .
Perspectives on the Mechanism of Nickel Carcinogenesis Gained from Models of In Vitro Carcinogenesis
Authors: Max Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

This article briefly reviews the approach taken to understand the mechanism of nickel-induced neoplastic transformation. The initial phases of the studies were focused on particulate nickel compounds and on the regulation of phagocytosis of nickel compounds by cells undergoing transformation. The particulate nickel compounds most potent in inducing cell transformation were selectively phagocytized by cells, whereas those that were not active were not phagocytized. The intracellular fate of phagocytized nickel sulfide particles is discussed as well as the interaction of nickel with chromatin. Phagocytized nickel sulfide particles were dissolved in the cytoplasm of cells by the acidification of vacuoles containing phagocytized particles. Nickel ions released from the phagocytized particles produced selective damage in heterochromatin. The selective effects of nickel on heterochromatin are also discussed and related to its mechanism of carcinogenesis.
Less mobile women with multiple sclerosis make less use of preventive health services
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Secondary prevention programmes in coronary heart disease improve care Specialised multidisciplinary clinics for patients with coronary heart disease improve patient care and quality of life or functional status.McAlister and colleagues reviewed 12 randomised controlled trials including nearly 10 000 patients and found greater prescription of efficacious drugs and better risk factor profiles in patients assigned to specialised clinics rather than usual care (p 957).Admissions to hospital were also reduced.The optimal mix of components and the cost effectiveness of the clinics remain unclear.
A Course of Lectures on Surgery: Delivered in the Medical School of Cambridge
Authors: G. M. Humphry
Journal: BMJ (1849)

Traumatic Gangrene; Circumstances und r which it occurs, and the cause of it, generally associated with Inflammation and Interstitial Suppuration; Symp- toms.Question of immediate Amputation where it is likely to occur, and of Amputation where it has set in; Morttfication occasioned by Pressure upon an Injured Part; by Ergotted Rye, Pever, and Exposure to Cold; Cases of Mortification without obvious cause.
Unintended Consequences
Authors: Steven J. Zanders
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters20 December 2005Unintended ConsequencesSteven J. Zanders, DOSteven J. Zanders, DOFrom St. Luke's Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA 18015.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-12-200512200-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I nodded in agreement as I read Dr. Ryan's (1) comments on the new paradigm of work-hour restrictions. Having been a part of the old regime as a resident and the new regime as a fellow and attending physician, I have encountered the same phenomenon. I believe we are creating less experienced, less knowledgeable physicians for myriad reasons—one of which is the extra hours of work that are now added to our already-burdened days. In our institution, attending physicians are working more hours and have a schedule much like we did as interns and residents. Because our ...Reference1. Ryan J. Unintended consequences: the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education work-hour rules in practice. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143:82-3. [PMID: 15998759] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From St. Luke's Hospital and Health Network, Bethlehem, PA 18015.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoUnintended Consequences: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Work-Hour Rules in Practice Jason Ryan Unintended Consequences Jason Ryan Unintended Consequences Ellis M. Knight Metrics 20 December 2005Volume 143, Issue 12Page: 917KeywordsConflicts of interestPatients ePublished: 20 December 2005 Issue Published: 20 December 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Managed care plan performance since 1980. A literature analysis
Authors: R. H. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To compare the health care utilization, expenditure, quality of care, and satisfaction since 1980 of enrollees in managed care and indemnity plans. <h3>Data Sources and Study Selection.</h3> —Studies selected met the following criteria: data from 1980 forward, private insurance or Medicare enrollees, a comparison group, a reasonable attempt at statistical adjustment for noncomparable managed care and indemnity plan enrollees, and peer-reviewed findings (with two exceptions). Few studies on preferred provider organization plan performance met the selection criteria. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Compared with indemnity plans, health maintenance organization plans had somewhat lower hospital admission rates, 1% to 20% shorter hospital length of stay, the same or more physician office visits per enrollee, less use of expensive procedures and tests, greater use of preventive services, mixed results on outcomes, and somewhat lower enrollee satisfaction with services but higher satisfaction with costs. The evidence does not support the hypothesis that prepaid group practice or staff model health maintenance organizations are more effective than individual practice association or network model health maintenance organizations. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Although this literature analysis found several clear patterns of results, several factors, including unmeasured selection bias, diverse and rapidly changing health plans and local market conditions, and relatively few research results, suggest that generalizations must be made with caution. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1512-1519)