tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Severe 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) Intoxication: Clinical and Laboratory Effects
Authors: Alexandra Geusau, Klaus Abraham, Klaus Geissler, Michael O. Sator, Georg Stingl, Erwin Tschachler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

A variety of health effects have been attributed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), but little information is available on the course of a verified high-level TCDD intoxication. In this paper we describe two cases of heavy intoxication with TCDD and present a 2-year follow-up including clinical, biochemical, hematologic, endocrine, and immunologic parameters monitored in two women, 30 and 27 years of age, who suffered from chloracne due to TCDD intoxication of unknown origin. Patient 1, who had the highest TCDD level ever recorded in an individual (144,000 pg/g blood fat), developed severe generalized chloracne, whereas in the second patient, despite heavy intoxication (26,000 pg/g blood fat), only mild facial acne lesions occurred. Both patients initially experienced nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. In Patient 1 we observed a moderate elevation of blood lipids, leukocytosis, anemia, and secondary amenorrhoea. The laboratory parameters in Patient 2 were all normal. Despite the high TCDD levels, apart from chloracne, only few clinical and biochemical health effects were observed within the first 2 years after TCDD intoxication.
RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Authors: Robert H. Ebert
Journal: JAMA (1962)

In the October, 1962, issue of the<i>Archives of Environmental Health</i><sup>1</sup>appears a definition and classification of 3 common respiratory diseases: chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema. This statement was prepared by a committee of the American Thoracic Society and was written for ultimate inclusion in a new publication,<i>Diagnostic Standards for Nontuberculous Respiratory Disease</i>. It was originally published in the<i>American Review of Respiratory Diseases</i><sup>2</sup>and appears in the<i>Archives of Environmental Health</i>prior to its inclusion in<i>Diagnostic Standards</i>in order to provide a trial period during which clinicians, pulmonary physiologists, and pathologists can put the definitions to the test of daily usage. There is no more difficult or frustrating task than the definition of a disease of unknown etiology, particularly if there is no clearcut laboratory or x-ray manifestation which separates it from other entities. Each of the diseases defined in the statement presents this problem;
QuickStats: Percentage* of Total Daily Kilocalories† Consumed from Sugar-Sweetened Beverages§ Among Children and Adults, by Sex and Income Level¶ — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2011–2014
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

During 2011-2014, on average, 7.3% of boys' and 7.2% of girls' total daily calories were obtained from SSBs compared with 6.9% for men and 6.1% for women. For men, women, and girls, the percentage of total daily kilocalories from SSBs declined as income level increased. For boys, the percentage of total daily kilocalories was lower for those in the highest income group than in the other income groups. Compared with women, a larger proportion of men's total daily kilocalorie intake came from SSBs.
GUARNIERI'S VACCINE BODIES.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary Emergencies
Authors: William W. Merrill
Journal: JAMA (1983)

With the advent of intensive care units and an aggressive approach to the treatment of a variety of medical and surgical problems once thought fatal (eg, leukemia, severe burns, and trauma), the practice of pulmonary physicians has changed dramatically. We have been transformed from providers for patients with chronic illness to firemen, ever ready to respond to the Klaxon in the night. Furthermore, this transition from the bucolic, sedate life of the sanatorium to the high tech, disco environment of the intensive care unit has come in less than two decades. Therefore, this volume would seem to be a timely addition to the medical literature—an appropriate antidote for our culture shock. Dr Sahn has assembled an impressive staff of coauthors and together they tackle a spectrum of 14 emergency problems of the respiratory tract. Although each chapter is written by a different author, in general they follow a repetitive format
Practical Otology.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cardiac Resuscitation
Authors: Mickey S. Eisenberg, Terry J. Mengert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

At least 225,000 people in the United States will die suddenly this year from coronary heart disease before they reach a hospital.1,2 In addition, an estimated 370,000 to 750,000 patients will have a cardiac arrest and undergo attempted resuscitation during hospitalization.3 The causes of cardiac arrest are numerous; by far the most common in adults is ischemic cardiovascular disease.46 The arrest is usually associated with the lethal arrhythmia of ventricular fibrillation triggered by an acutely ischemic or infarcted myocardium or by a primary electrical disturbance. The precipitants of a life-threatening arrhythmia such as ventricular fibrillation are poorly understood. . . .
THE TOXICITY OF NORMAL URINE.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HOW EARLY IS "EARLY" STRABISMUS SURGERY?
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunology/Infection/Inflammation posters 242-257
Authors: S Parry, J Barton, M Welfare, I Mohammed, L Cherkas, S Riley, T Spector, N Trudgill, S Lal, J Mclaughlin, G Giampaolo, G Dockray, A Varro, D Thompson, J Jones, D Kendall, P Millns, C Hawkey, S Dunlop, D Jenkins, R Spiller, L Gregory, L Yaguez, S Coen, E Amaro, S Smale, A Hobson, S Williams, Q Aziz, V Chudleigh, E Brennan, S Tarry, S Myers, S Lewis, G Smith, K Palmer
Journal: Gut (2002)

Introduction: Previous studies, many uncontrolled, suggest 4 to 32% of people develop irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after ID.Little information is available on the development of other FGIDs after ID.Aim: To determine if patients with stool culture confirmed bacterial diarrhoea were more likely to develop gut symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea at 3 and 6 month follow up compared with community controls.Methods: A prospective community-based case-control study over one year.Subjects with stool positive bacterial infectious diarrhoea and control subjects from the same primary care practice were invited to participate.The presence or not of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea was diagnosed at the start and at follow up using self-complete Rome II modular questionnaires.The diagnosis of a baseline FGID excluded subjects from continuing.There were 128 cases and 219 community controls eligible and who consented to participate.Results: At follow up there was a higher incidence of FGIDs in the cases compared with controls, mainly due to a higher incidence of IBS (see table ).There was no difference in the incidence of functional dyspepsia between cases and controls.Conclusions: IBS and functional diarrhoea is diagnosed more frequently in people at three and six-month follow up after an episode of stool positive bacterial diarrhoea compared with community controls despite careful exclusion of people with pre-existing FGIDS and adds further support for the concept of post-infectious IBS.
Abstract 3400: Recurrent focal copy-number changes and loss-of-heterozygosity implicate two non-coding RNAs and one tumor-suppressor gene at chromosome 3q13.31 in osteosarcoma
Authors: Ivan Pasic, Adam Shlien, Adam Durbin, Dimitrios Stavropoulos, Berivan Baskin, Peter Ray, Ana Novokmet, David Malkin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Osteosarcomas are copy-number alteration (CNA)-rich malignant bone tumors. Using microarrays, fluorescence in-situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction we characterize a focal region of chr3q13.31 (osteo3q13.31) harboring CNAs in 80% of osteosarcomas. As such, osteo3q13.31 is the most altered region in osteosarcoma and contests the view that CNAs in osteosarcoma are non-recurrent. Most (67%) osteo3q13.31 CNAs are deletions, 75% of which are mono-allelic, and are frequently accompanied by loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) in flanking DNA. These CNAs often involve the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) LOC285194 and BC040587, and sometimes, the limbic system-associated membrane protein (LSAMP) tumor suppressor (TS). Change in expression of osteo3q13.31 genes is ubiquitous in osteosarcoma, usually involving loss of expression. Underscoring the functional significance of osteo3q13.31 CNAs, expression of LOC285194 and BC040587 and sometimes LSAMP, correlates with the presence of osteo3q13.31 CNAs. Focal osteo3q13.31 CNAs and LOH are also common in cell lines from other cancers, identifying osteo3q13.31 as a universal candidate TS region. Osteo3q13.31 genes may function as a unit, since we demonstrate significant correlation between the expression of distantly spaced LSAMP, LOC285194, and BC040587. Supporting this notion, depletion of either LSAMP or LOC285194 promotes proliferation of normal osteoblasts through regulation of apoptotic and cell cycle transcripts, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1). Furthermore, the presence of LOC285194 or BC040587 deletions in tumor DNA is associated with poor survival of osteosarcoma patients. Osteo3q13.31 therefore represents a novel universal TS region containing several cooperatively acting genes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3400.
Acceptability of Human Risk
Authors: Roger E. Kasperson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

This paper has three objectives: to explore the nature of the problem implicit in the term "risk acceptability," to examine the possible contributions of scientific information to risk standard-setting, and to argue that societal response is best guided by considerations of process rather than formal methods of analysis. Most technological risks are not accepted but are imposed. There is also little reason to expect consensus among individuals on their tolerance of risk. Moreover, debates about risk levels are often at base debates over the adequacy of the institutions which manage the risks. Scientific information can contribute three broad types of analyses to risk-setting deliberations: contextual analysis, equity assessment, and public preference analysis. More effective risk-setting decisions will involve attention to the process used, particularly in regard to the requirements of procedural justice and democratic responsibility.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Physical activity (PA) has been cited in numerous reports as a potential moderator in reducing the risk for clinical depression; however, the evidence for such an effect is less than clear-cut.Toseeb and colleagues investigate the association between objectively measured PA and depressive symptoms in the ROOTS longitudinal cohort study of adolescents over a 3-year period.Neither depressive symptoms nor major depressive disorder diagnoses at 3-year follow-up were significantly predicted by any of the 4 PA measures at baseline.Although it is important to promote PA because of its well-documented effect on physical health, during adolescence, PA may not serve as a strong protective factor of developing depressive symptoms or disorders.
PWE-078 Intragastric ph holding time of pH &lt;4 predicts low erosive esophagitis healing rate
Authors: Y Yuan, R H Hunt
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We have previously proposed a linear relationship between the degree and duration of suppression of 24-h intragastric acidity and the healing rate of erosive esophagitis (EE) with the best predictor as per cent time pH ≥4. Poor response to PPI is an increasingly important concern. Simply reporting time pH &lt;4 may not reflect the extent of acid exposure because of the log scale of pH (1 unit pH change is a 10-fold change in [H+ ion] and a 100-fold increase if pH falls from 4 to 2). Indeed, in healthy volunteers ∼40% of the 24-h is pH ≤4 after 5 days esomeprazole 40 mg om and pH is &lt;2 for 42% of the time between midnight and 0700.1 We aimed to investigate the relationship of time pH &lt;4 in the 24-h and the EE healing rate at 4 and 8 weeks with antisecretory drugs, since time pH &lt;4 is the only widely available pH parameter. <h3>Methods</h3> A meta-analysis was performed to provide 24-h intragastric pH values at steady state (day 5–8) in healthy volunteers and the EE healing rate at 4 or 8 weeks, by searching the English-language literature up to June 2009 in MEDLINE and EMBASE. For pH data, a weighted mean is only possible by using the sample size of each arm ((mean×n from each study)/Σ treated N). A regimen was excluded if &lt;20 subjects provided pH data. For EE data, the pooled healing rate was calculated by weighting the sample size (random effect model) using StatsDirect®2.6.3. Here also a regimen was excluded if &lt;30 subjects per arm provided EE data. Standard linear regression was performed by SPSS® 17.0, with the pooled EE healing rate at 4 weeks or 8 weeks as the dependent variable and mean per cent time pH &lt;4 in 24-h of the corresponding treatment regimen as the independent variable. <h3>Result</h3> 95 studies (411 arms) provided intragastric pH data and 109 studies (243 arms) provided EE healing data for 3 H2-RAs, 5 PPIs and placebo. The commonly reported pH parameter in the pH-EE model was mean per cent time pH &lt;4, which was used in the model. At 4 weeks, the model for the EE (all grades) healing rate = 110.52−1.01* mean per cent time pH &lt;4 in 24 h (R=0.862, p&lt;0.001). At 8 weeks. The model for EE (all grades) healing rate=124.88−1.02* mean per cent time pH &lt;4 in 24 h (R=0.887, p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Any increase in the time intragastric pH is pH &lt;4 in the 24 h at steady state in healthy volunteers is associated with a decrease in the EE healing rate at 4 and 8 weeks. The per cent time that intragastric pH &lt;4 is a significant predictor for EE non-healing. Although, not usually reported, a better predictor is likely to be the time pH is &lt;3 or better pH &lt;2, especially during the night-time period.
Positron computed tomography
Authors: M. E. Phelps
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5171: GRP78 as a potential modulator of cell adhesion markers in metastatic prostate cancer and multiple myeloma
Authors: Christopher Cultrara, David Sabatino, Jenny Zilberberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a resident chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum and a master regulator of the unfolded protein response under physiological and pathological cell stress conditions. GRP78 is overexpressed in many cancers, regulating a variety of signaling pathways associated with tumor initiation, proliferation, adhesion and invasion which contributes to metastatic spread. GRP78 can also regulate cell survival and apoptotic pathways to alter responsiveness to anticancer drugs. Tumors that reside in or metastasize to the bone and bone marrow (BM) space can develop pro-survival signals through their direct adhesive interactions with stromal elements of this niche thereby resisting the cytotoxic effects of drug treatment. In this study, we report a direct correlation between GRP78 and the adhesion molecule N-cadherin (N-cad), known to play a critical role in the adhesive interactions of multiple myeloma and metastatic prostate cancer with the bone microenvironment. Methods: N-cad expression levels (transcription and protein) were evaluated upon siRNA mediated silencing of GRP78 in the MM.1S multiple myeloma and the PC3 metastatic prostate cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of GRP78 knockdown (KD) on epithelial-mesenchymal (EMT) transition markers, morphological changes and adhesion of PC3 cells. Results: We demonstrate that GRP78 KD: 1) induced the concomitant downregulation of N-cad in both PC3 and MM.1S cells, 2) resulted in significant decreases of both N-cad and E-cad protein levels in PC3 cells, 3) induced TGF-β1 and Snail-2 expression, potentially accounting for the observed downregulation of E-cad. Our data also suggests that N-cad regulation via GRP78 KD supersedes the effects of TGF-β1; i.e., N-cad was downregulated in spite of the fact that TGF-β1 expression was significantly increased upon GRP78 KD. Conclusion: This work implicates GRP78 as a modulator of cell adhesion markers in MM and PCa. Our results may have clinical implications underscoring GRP78 as a potential therapeutic target to reduce the adhesive nature of metastatic tumors to the bone niche. Citation Format: Christopher Cultrara, David Sabatino, Jenny Zilberberg. GRP78 as a potential modulator of cell adhesion markers in metastatic prostate cancer and multiple myeloma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5171.