tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contempo '84
Authors: M. THERESE SOUTHGATE
Journal: JAMA (1984)

As knowledge has increased and technology has advanced, medicine has become fragmented into more and more specialties. It is difficult to remain abreast of new happenings in one's own specialty, let alone to view each of the specialties in relation to the entire field of medicine. The situation may in fact be likened to Frank Stella's painting,<i>Sacramento Mall Proposal #4</i>, which appears on this week's cover. The area of knowledge covered by each specialty may be represented by the bands of color that form a square. Each square is partitioned from the adjacent square by thin lines of similar, but paler, color. Although the squares are discrete, they are nevertheless related, not only in shape, but in the fact that they are adjacent wavelengths on the visible spectrum. Looked at individually, each square is simply four bands of a single color; but when the painting is viewed in its
PARIS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fetal hemoglobin and female sex hormones
Authors: A. I. Sutnick
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Red cells containing abnormal hemoglobin variants have a shortened survival time in vivo. In such hemoglobinopathies higher levels of fetal hemoglobin (Hgb F) are associated with less severe anemia.<sup>1</sup>Fetal hemoglobin has oxygen-carrying capacities similar to normal adult hemoglobin, and one would expect that any maneuver raising Hgb F levels would benefit patients with hemoglobinopathies. The stimulus to Hgb F production is not known, but some clinical observations may be relevant. Fetal hemoglobin levels are higher in females with sickle cell anemia than in males<sup>2</sup>; they increase during pregnancy, and are elevated in patients with choriocarcinoma.<sup>3,4</sup>This suggests that chorionic gonadotrophin, estrogen, or progesterone may promote fetal hemoglobin synthesis. Four female patients, 21 to 32 years old, with hemoglobinopathies were investigated for fetal hemoglobin levels. Three had sickle cell thalassemia and one had sickle cell anemia. Chorionic gonadotrophin was administered to one patient with
CANADA
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemosensory Physiology In An Age Of Transition
Authors: V. Dethier
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1990)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Hepatitis Associated With Ranitidine
Authors: Jack D. Proctor
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Hepatitis possibly caused by ranitidine has been reported but is seemingly rare.<sup>1</sup>Hepatic toxicity is also infrequently associated with cimetidine, another H<sub>2</sub>-receptor antagonist.<sup>2</sup>I wish to report apparent hepatitis in a patient after two weeks of treatment with ranitidine for esophageal reflux. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 50-year-old woman was seen with a two-year history of retrosternal burning pain, bloating, and regurgitation of food not relieved by antacid and elevation of the head of her bed. Two months prior to this visit a course of cimetidine had provided symptomatic benefit. A small hiatal hernia was now demonstrated on upper gastrointestinal tract series. Ranitidine, 150 mg, was given because the patient expressed a preference for twice-a-day dosing afforded by this drug. Fifteen days later she experienced an illness characterized by marked malaise, weakness, nausea, vomiting, headache, and steady pain in the right upper portion
Abstract 588: Sequential Roles For Myosin-X In Bmp6-dependent Filopodial Extension, Migration, And Transport Of Bmp Receptors
Authors: Xinchun Pi, Rongqin Ren, Russell Kelley, Cam Patterson
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Endothelial cell migration is a key step during angiogenesis and its dysregulation contributes to aberrant neovascularization. The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are potent stimulators of cell migration and angiogenesis. However, the signaling pathways necessary for migration induced by BMPs are still poorly understood. Using microarray analyses, we found that Myosin X (Myo10), which is known to regulate filopodial integrity, is potently upregulated by BMP2 or BMP6. RT-PCR and western blotting analysis indicate more than 10-fold increase of Myo10 mRNA and protein levels. In endothelial cells, BMP6-induced Myo10 localizes in filopodia and filopodia number increases from 20±11 to 54±17 per cell as determined by scanning electron microscopy. This finding is consistent with our observation that increased filopodial extensions are induced by overexpression of Myo10. Likewise, cellular alignment induced by BMP6 is Myo10-dependent. Using Dunn chamber assay, MEC transfected with control siRNA and pretreated with BMP6 for 4 hours before application of the BMP6 gradient demonstrated increased alignment towards the BMP6 gradient (from 32±10 to 95±5 cells). However, cells transfected with Myo10 siRNA failed to align in the proper direction (from 28±7 to 27±9 cells). Boyden chamber assays indicate that the knockdown of Myo10 with specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibits BMP6-directed cell migration (from 53±5 to 4±2 cells per field), surporting the model that Myo10 located in filopodia plays a key role in endothelial migration directed by BMP6. Surprisingly, we found that Myo10 and BMP6 receptor ALK6 co-localized in a BMP6-dependent fashion. ALK6 was translocated into filopodia after BMP6 stimulation, and both ALK6 and Myo10 possessed intrafilopodial motility. Additionally, Myo10 was required for BMP6-dependent Smad activation, indicating that-in addition to its role in filopodial assembly-Myo10 also participates in a requisite amplification loop for BMP signaling. Our data indicate that Myo10 plays a critical role in the guidance of endothelial migration towards BMP6 gradients via the regulation of filopodial function and amplification of BMP signals.
Vasodilators in the treatment of heart failure
Authors: J. Mehta
Journal: JAMA (1977)

DURING the last few years, there has been a great deal of interest in vasodilator therapy in cases of acute and chronic heart failure. Better understanding of cardiac physiology and development of bedside hemodynamic monitoring techniques using flowdirected catheters have provided impetus to evaluate different physiologic and pharmacologic interventions in acutely ill patients. Most patients with congestive heart failure have elevation of the left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) and low cardiac output. Elevated LVFP (index of blood volume) is a compensatory phenomenon in the early stage of heart failure to maintain cardiac output. This beneficial effect may later result in excessive myocardial oxygen demand, decreased coronary flow, and symptoms of pulmonary congestion. Similarly, arterial constriction occurring initially in heart failure may be appropriate to maintain circulation to vital organs, but may eventually result in a decrease in cardiac output because of the elevated systemic vascular resistance.<sup>1</sup> Experimental evidence shows
Intestinal schistosomiasis
Authors: H. A. K. Rowland
Journal: Gut (1971)

Geographical DistributionIntestinal schistosomiasis, caused by the trematodes Schistosoma mansoni and S. japonicum, is found over a wide area of Africa, the Middle East, in the Orient, South America, and parts of the Caribbean.It has been estimated1 that in the Americas and the Far East 40 million people are infected; in Africa where intestinal schistosomiasis coexists with the urinary form of the disease, the figure is 74 millions but probably less than half of these are in- fected with S. mansoni.It is therefore likely that about 80 million people have intestinal schisostomiasis and the number is increasing, largely due to the greater use of irrigation, a result seen in Egypt following the building of the Aswan dam and of the Volta dam in Ghana. DiagnosisBogliolo4 in Brazil; livers from patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, cirrhosis, and infectious hepatitis were examined microscopically and by injection of coloured gelatine or vinyl acetate.It was concluded that im- pacted ova produce a granulomatous periphlebitis, later followed by fibrosis, 663 on July 9, 2023 by guest.
Assessment of Environmental Carcinogen Risks in Terms of Life Shortening
Authors: Roy E. Albert, Bernard Altshuler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

An approach is presented to the assessment of carcinogen risks in which the dominant effect of carcinogen exposure is life shortening and the impact falls both on those individuals who would have gotten cancer without the carcinogen exposure as well as the new cancer cases. This analysis is based on the interaction of age-specific tumor incidence rates and population survival in terms of age-specific mortality rates without the induced risk from carcinogen exposure. The analysis yields estimates for lifetime probability of developing cancer, average lifespan lost by the entire population, the average age of cancer occurrence, and the average lifespan loss of cancer cases. The approach utilizes the animal response data to assign, to the existing human cancer occurrence, and equivalent dose of the same carcinogen which is under consideration in terms of risk evaluation. The approach has the advantages of keying the estimates of carcinogen risks to those which already exist in the environment, advoiding large extrapolations from animal data, and encompassing the variability in susceptibility and carcinogen exposure in humans.
Gastroenterology and hepatology
Authors: W. D. Carey
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Pharmacotherapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease is needed when simple measures fail. Antacids, H<sub>2</sub>blockers, sucralfate, and (occasionally) metaclopramide may be effective. Treatment failures may respond to omeprazole (Prilosec), a recently released agent that blocks hydrogen ion secretion by the gastric parietal cells. It is the most potent acid-suppressing agent available and is unsurpassed in its ability to provide symptomatic control and promote esophageal mucosal healing (80% to 86% at 6 weeks, &gt;90% at 12 weeks). Since this agent is approved for use for only 8 weeks of therapy, both physician and patient face a dilemma of what to do next in managing this chronic disease. Omeprazole also represents an advance in healing rates for both gastric and duodenal ulcers. Two weeks of therapy may be adequate. Compared with ranitidine, omeprazole had a 17% higher healing rate after 2 weeks of therapy (79% vs 62%). The healing rate after 4
Megakaryocyte quantitation
Authors: Lawrence A. Harker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

A method is described for the quantitation of megakaryocytes. In this technic bone marrow sections obtained at the time of maximal marrow uptake of previously injected plasma bound (59)Fe are counted for radioactivity as well as the number of megakaryocytes and nucleated red cells. We calculated the total megakaryocytes by relating the ratio of megakaryocyte: radioactivity with the total marrow (59)Fe activity at the time of sampling. A multiple counting correction factor which is related to cell diameter and section thickness is required for quantitation of cell numbers from section material. The normal megakaryocyte number for the rat is 11.0 x 10(6)/kg, and 6.1 x 10(6)/kg for man.
Cholesterol and noncardiac mortality
Authors: M. R. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In his review of Lester S. King's book, Robert A. Day<sup>1</sup>is critical of various perceived shortcomings but concludes his review by reproducing a paragraph from King that he declares to be a "gem" and that he plans to quote in his next book. The paragraph concerns "the adverb<i>very</i>." It ends with this sentence: "<i>Very</i>is one of the words that contributes to flabby writing." That is, says Day, "clear advice, stated... clearly." I would be better disposed to accept the opinions of both writers as authoritative if King had not written that sentence and Day had not endorsed it. The antecedent of the relative pronoun "that" is "words," a plural noun (not one, since that would make no sense). "That," therefore, is plural and requires a plural verb, "contribute." King could have written, "<i>Very</i>is one word that contributes...," but he didn't. I had
THE PREVENTION OF CRIME
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MISCELLANY.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PDTM-31. IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONALIZED ACTIVE AGENTS IN PEDIATRIC GLIOMAS THROUGH HIGH-THROUGHPUT DRUG SCREENING IN MATCHING PAIRS OF PATIENT DERIVED ORTHOTOPIC XENOGRAFT (PDOX) NEUROSPHERE AND MONOLAYER CELLS
Authors: Lin Qi, Yuchen Du, Goeun Bae, Mari Kogiso, Frank Braun, Holly Lindsay, Huiyuan Zhang, Sibo Zhao, Sarah Injac, Patricia Baxter, Jack Su, Michael Mancini, Oliver Hampton, William Parsons, Murali Chintagumpala, Clifford Stephan, Peter Davies, Xiao-Nan Li
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest brain tumors both in adults and children. The efficacy of targeting mutated genes/pathways has not been systematically analyzed. Matching pairs of neurosphere and monolayer cell cultures from 4 molecularly characterized PDOX mouse models established from distinct clinical stages of pediatric glioma were treated with 7,913 drugs (mostly in clinical use or trials) at 4 doses (0-10 uM) for 3 and 7 days. Relatively long-term treatment was achieved for drug screening in most of the 4,629 compounds that were active in at least one culture at one time point. When gene mutations were druggable, not all inhibitors of the same family were active. In IC-4687GBM (a treatment-naïve GBM), high NF1 mutation (>76-99% allele) frequency was found in patient tumor, xenografts, and cultured cells, but only 3/17 MEK inhibitors were active in neurospheres and 2/17 in monolayer cells on day 7. In IC-R0315GBM (from an autopsied terminal GBM) that carried PI3KCA mutation (allele frequency 22-27%), 5/33 PI3K inhibitors were active in neurospheres and 8/33 in monolayer cells after 7 days. In IC-3752GBM (recurrent GBM) and ICb-1227AA (radiation-induced anaplastic astrocytoma), no druggable mutations were detected. The number of active drugs on day 7 was 366 in IC-4768GBM, 406 in IC-3752GBM, 284 in IC-R0315GBM, and 305 in ICb-1227AA. When the 4 matching pairs of neurospheres and monolayers were compared, the agents active in both cultures ranged from 36% to 60%, active only in neurosphere from 10.3% to 25%, and active only in monolayer cells from 14.8% to 53%. We showed that long-term treatment is feasible for high-throughput drug screening. Targeting druggable mutations can be achieved. Neurospheres and monolayer cells do not always respond equally toward the same drugs, and effective targeting of both subpopulations is needed to generate prolonged animal survival times.
Eosinophilic Fasciitis
Authors: Hiroyuki Yano, Mitsuyo Kinjo
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Ovulation suppressors, psychological functioning, and marital adjustment
Authors: F. J. Ziegler
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In a series of 39 couples (studied intensively over a four-year period which began just before their first use of oral contraceptives) 15 wives used the pills throughout the study, while 9 discontinued them permanently. Side effects were equivalent in both of these groups and were therefore nonpredictive of who would stop taking the pills. The wives who continued to take the pills were relatively more responsible and more intellectually and socially effective than their husbands. Relative to their husbands, they also preferred sexual intercourse more often than did the wives who discontinued. Husbands of the wives who discontinued were more concerned about propriety and reputation than were husbands of the wives who continued. Psychological functioning of both husband and wife tended to improve in the couples continuing the use of the pills as compared to the ones who did not. Of special note, depression decreased and sexual interest increased in those who continued. Three unplanned pregnancies in the ten women who discontinued the pills permanently or temporarily would indicate a need for caution in the recommendation of ovulation suppressor contraception for couples in which the husband is clearly the dominant spouse.
Correction
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

the following correction should be noted: In the calculation of the total perihepatic lymph node volume, the formula [volume ϭ a ϫ b 2 ϫ 4/3 ] was applied assuming a rotating ellipsoid.Unfortunately, instead of the radii of axis a and b, the diameters were used for calculation, leading to an over-estimation of the perihepatic lymph node volume by a factor of 8 (2 3 ).Statistical analysis and conclusions from the study, however, are not affected.
Rheumatoid Arthritis With Rheumatoid Heart Disease and Granulomatous Aortitis
Authors: Keith A. Reimer
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Aortic insufficiency and aortitis are frequent complications of ankylosing spondylitis but are considered rare in rheumatoid arthritis. A 49-year-old woman with severe rheumatoid arthritis had the cardiovascular changes common to both diseases. At autopsy, the heart and aorta showed granulomatous and fibrinous pericarditis and epicarditis, "core" granulomas in the aortic valve cusps and mitral valve leaflets, and coronary arteritis. These are considered to be classical changes of rheumatoid carditis. In addition, there were mesoaortitis with obliterative endarteritis of the vasa vasorum and fibrosis of the aortic valve cusps with separation of the commissures. These are considered to be changes of ankylosing spondylitis. This case, therefore, represents a mixed form of cardiovascular involvement within the spectrum of the rheumatoid diseases. (<i>JAMA</i>235:2510-2512, 1976)