tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Toxaphene on Hepatic Enzyme Induction and Circulating Steroid Levels in the Rat
Authors: David B. Peakall
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Rats were given a single dose of toxaphene (120 mg/kg, equivalent to 1/2 LD50) and sacrificed at 1, 5, and 15 days. Liver weight and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity were increased at day 5 and 15. The level of plasma testosterone was significantly decreased at day 15. In a second experiment rats were given 2.4 mg/kg daily and sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 months. Liver weight and microsomal enzyme activity were significantly increased over controls; enzyme activity was, however, decreasing by the end of the experiment. Plasma testosterone levels were not affected. It is concluded that enhanced hepatic enzyme induction causes only a transient drop in circulating testosterone levels followed by a return to normal values.
Notes towards the History of the Medical Staff of the English Army Prior to the Accession of the Tudors
Authors: W. R. E. Smart
Journal: BMJ (1873)

IIlow specific gravity and of paler colour, with a diminishing amount of albumen and decrease of dropsy, are amongst the earliest signs of amendment.Albuminuria is usually the last symptom to disappear.The time of its disappearance varies, in different cases of recovery, from a few days to many months.If the urine continue albuminous for more than six months, it becomes more and more doubtful whether it will ever cease to be so ; but I have seen cases of complete recovery after albuminuria had continued for one, two, and even three years.
Commercial aircraft cabin altitude
Authors: M. Bagshaw
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

By couching the discussion of Blair and Bush in terms of hubris and nemesis, Lord Owen 1 has avoided the pitfall of diagnosis from afar while still highlighting serious problems with the two world leaders (JRSM November 2006).He does dip his toe into psychodynamics citing Freud and Justin Frank, but, by and large, he sticks to discussing behaviour and its relation to hubris and power.As a politician, Lord Owen is qualified to discuss the political leaders he has encountered.As a physician, should he be making medical judgments on political leaders?Simon Wessely has questions about this and about whether or not psychiatrists should venture beyond the consulting room. 2 Should psychiatrists limit their judgments to patients they have examined?The American Psychiatric Association says 'yes' and Dr Wessely cites data to support that view.But the question remains, can psychiatrists and neuroscientists, with the help of philosophers, provide useful insights that contribute to the understanding of leaders and their followers?I believe that we should try.We should bring whatever scientific data there may be to counter ideology, blind faith and the intoxicating effects of power.It is true hubris often comes with power.Even though we do not have a psychiatric diagnosis for hubris, it is a psychological entity and as such should potentially be understood by science, as are other psychological phenomena.We do not diagnose those that we have not personally examined and we cannot diagnose an entire population, but perhaps we can bring clinical and scientific insights to help understand destructive behaviour As scientists and clinicians, we too must guard against hubris.Hopefully our colleagues will help us with that.JRMS should be applauded for exploring the issue.
ERCP.
Authors: P B Cotton
Journal: Gut (1977)

Progress report ERCPEndoscopic cannulation of the papilla of Vater was first described in 196824, but its widespread introduction followed the development of new duo- denoscopes25 which became available outside Japan in 1970.Within two years, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) had been the subject of many enthusiastic reports24-48, not only from Japan, but also from Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and North America.Five groups were able to review series of more than 200 cases at the European Congress in Paris (1972), with technical success rates close to 90%.This report concerns progress since the last review in 197238, and is based on personal experience and a burgeoning literature49-89.Discussion of the technical problems of diagnostic ERCP will be followed by consideration of its clinical role and new developments. Technical aspects INSTRUMENTATIONEquipment has changed little since the original introduction of the long lateral viewing duodenoscopes (Olympus JFB and Machida FDS).The Olympus instrument has been more popular, largely because of its ready availability.Cannulation is possible with the Machida PFSB swing lens pan- view instrument, but proved difficult with the ACM F5A gastroduodenoscope; a more specialised ACM instrument will soon be available.Standard adult forward-viewing and oblique lens panendoscopes are not suitable, except when the papilla is approached from below, via the afferent loop of a Billroth II partial gastrectomy91' 989799. MEDICATIONThe choice of sedation has never been critical, and most experts use little, especially in elderly patients.Duodenal ileus is helpful, and intermittent intravenous injections of hyoscine N-butyl-bromide (Buscopan, 20-40 mg) 316 on August 20,
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Confl ict of InterestWhile endeavoring to protect the interests and well-being of their patients and maintain professional competence, physicians may develop secondary interests such as the competition for patients and trainees, extramural research funding, and high-profi le publications.Financial and other rewards of medical practice can create confl icts of interest.This issue of JAMA features 23 Viewpoint articles on confl ict of interest for physicians in settings such as academic medicine, biomedical research, medical education, guideline development, health care management, and medical publishing.Two Editorials discuss the pervasive opportunities for confl ict of interest in health care and medical journalism.
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.
Authors: None N.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Copenhagen, Denmark, August 18, 1884. <h3>Mr. Editor:</h3> —The eighth session of the International Medical Congress has held its meeting in Copenhagen, and the Congress has adjourned to meet again in Washington in 1887, the invitation of the American Association, tendered by Dr. John S. Billings, having been accepted. This meeting has been very successful in every way, being largely attended, especially by men from the Continent and the British Isles, together with a considerable delegation from America. Although no full directory has yet been published, it is probable that there are about 1,500 members present, and the city is crowded with them. The exercises commenced Sunday, August 10, with an address by President Panum, in the presence of His Majesty, the King of Denmark, and in the evening with a dinner given by the President and the Executive Committee. They have continued through the week, closing Saturday, August 16. Each
Abstract 2719: Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony Is A Strong Independent Predictor Of Response To Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Rutger J van Bommel, Claudia Ypenburg, Gabe B Bleeker, Ernst E van der Wall, Martin J Schalij, Jeroen J Bax
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background Recent studies have demonstrated that response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is related to the presence of left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony before implantation. A cutoff-value for LV dyssynchrony of 65 ms has been proposed, but this value has not been tested in prospective cohorts. Methods Two hundred and twenty consecutive patients (172 male, 60% ischemic cardiomyopathy) undergoing CRT were included. Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were assessed at baseline and after 6 months of CRT. Clinical improvement was defined as an improvement in 1 or more NYHA class and increase ≥ 25% in walking distance. Echocardiographic response was defined as a decrease in LV end-systolic volume ≥ 15%. LV dyssynchrony was assessed with tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and calculated as the maximum time delay between the peak systolic velocities of 4 opposing basal walls. Results At 6 months follow-up, 143 patients (65%) showed clinical response to CRT. Responders and non-responders had comparable baseline characteristics, except for more LV dyssynchrony (93 ± 49 ms vs. 57 ± 43 ms), longer QRS duration (159 ± 31 ms vs. 142 ± 30 ms), larger LV volumes and lower LV ejection fraction (24 ± 7% vs. 26 ± 7%, all p &lt; 0.05) in responders. Multivariate analyses showed that LV dyssynchrony was the only independent predictor for clinical response to CRT (Table ). LV dyssynchrony of ≥ 65 ms predicted clinical response to CRT with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 74%. Furthermore, LV dyssynchrony of ≥ 65 ms predicted echocardiographic response at 6 months with a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 64%. Conclusion LV dyssynchrony ≥ 65 ms, as assessed with TDI, is a strong predictor of clinical and echocardiographic response to CRT in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. Multivariate analysis predicting clinical response to CRT
From the authors
Authors: Y. Lacasse, F. Maltais
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

We would like to thank T.L. Petty for his interesting comments regarding our trial of ambulatory oxygen (AO) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1].The question raised by T.L. Petty was the following: when is the best time to initiate AO in oxygen-dependent COPD?He suggested AO should be provided as early as possible after the introduction of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) to avoid rapid adjustment to the limitations imposed by the stationary oxygen delivery system.
Conjugate vaccines hold hope for countering resistant pneumococcus
Authors: J. Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

THE INCREASING spread of drugresistant strains of bacteria such as pneumococci and enterococci is mirrored by increasing concern among infectious disease experts, who fear that the microbes are uncomfortably close to being able to take whatever human beings and the pharmaceutical industry can dish out. "There has been an explosion in pneumococcal resistance throughout the world in the last 5 years," noted Keith Klugman, MD, at the annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) held in San Francisco, Calif. See also p 1333. In the United States, for example, where resistance to<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>was less than 5% in 1990, about 25% of pneumococci are now resistant to antibiotics, said Klugman, head of medical microbiology at the South Africa Institute of Medical Research in Johannesburg. Other regions experiencing "massive problems" include Europe, the Middle East, South Africa, and at least some Asian countries, including South Korea and Japan.
Effect of Chlorocamphene on the Isoenzyme Spectrum of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Rat Serum and Liver
Authors: U. A. Kuz'minskaya, S. M. Alekhina
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Rats were used to study the general activity and the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during single-instance and long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene. Total lactate dehydrogenase activity decreases in the liver during the single-instance introduction of half the LD50 (120 mg/kg). The isoenzyme spectrum of LDH is characterized by an increase in the quantity of LDH1, LDH2, and LDH3 and by a decrease in the amount of LDH4. The overall LDH activity does not change in blood serum. The isoform ratio changes insignificantly and LDH1 falls, but normalized 15 days after the introduction of the compound. Long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene at levels 1/100 the LD50 dose over 1.3 and 6 months causes a reduction in the overall LDH activity, both in the liver and in the serum. A decrease in the activity of the basic LDH isoenzyme of the liver (LDH5) and a sharp increase in LDH3 are characteristic for the isoenzyme spectrum of the liver. LDH1 and LDH4 decrease and LDH2 and LDH3 increase in blood serum. Beginning with the third month of polychlorocamphene introduction, LDH1 tends to return to normal levels. LDH2, LDH3, and LDH4 do return to normal levels, while LDH5 increases regularly. This results in a reduction of the number of H subunits and an increase of M subunits. This is characteristic of hypoxic states. On comparing the changes in the LDH enzymes of the liver and blood serum, it can be considered that the introduction of polychlorocamphene does not result in an increase in the permeability of the cellular membranes of the liver for LDH isoenzymes, while the observed isoenzyme spectrum shifts in blood serum are either the result of the biosynthesis of the isoforms of this enzyme changed by the compound or the result of the permeability for them of cells of other tissues.
Late Breaking Science posters657Aldehyde Dehydrogenase2 regulates senescence in the vascular endothelium658Monoamine oxidase is over-activated in the left and right ventricles from human ischemic hearts: an intriguing therapeutic target659A novel assay for regulating transcription factors by flow660Remote ischaemic conditioning reduces infarct size in animal in vivo models of ischaemia-reperfusion injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis661The Role of Histone Methyl-transferase G9a in …
Authors: Sandra Donnini, Caterina Miceli, R.M. Krams, Daniel Bromage, Roberto Papait, Daniel Johnson, Jenny James, Claire Wilson, Carmem Luiza Sartorio, SE. Anderson, Erika Terzuoli, Federica Finetti, Marina Ziche, Stefania Rigacci, Valentina Bargelli, Carla Giordano, Laura Raimondi, Chiara Nediani, Caterina Miceli, Stefania Rigacci, Chiara Nediani, R.M. Pedrigi, Z. Kis, Jack Pickard, Xavier Rossello, Niall Burke, Oliver Ziff, Derek Yellon, Sean Davidson, Christina Pagiatakis, Francesca Rusconi, Pierluigi Carullo, Simone Serio, Gianluigi Condorelli, S Deckx, M. Rienks, P. Carai, E. Van Deel, J. Van Der Velden, K.R. Sipido, S Heymans, A. Papageorgiou, Jonathan Humphries, Ann Canfield, Martin Humphries, Gloria Bertoli, Davide Lazzeroni, Ornella Rimoldi, Alessandra Esposito, Giovanni Peretto, Anna Damascelli, Francesco De Cobelli, Ottavio Alfieri, Paolo Guido Camici, GL. Smith, RC. Myles
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)
Erratum: A thymic pathway of mouse natural killer cell development characterized by expression of GATA-3 and CD127
Authors: Christian A J Vosshenrich, Marcos E García-Ojeda, Sandrine I Samson-Villéger, Valerie Pasqualetto, Laurence Enault, Odile Richard-Le Goff, Erwan Corcuff, Delphine Guy-Grand, Benedita Rocha, Ana Cumano, Lars Rogge, Sophie Ezine, James P Di Santo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Abstract 370: The role of DLX1 as a biomarker and novel target in poor prognostic prostate cancer
Authors: Nicholas Forsythe, Cathal McKinney, Nuala McCabe, Richard D. Kennedy
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Previous work from our lab has identified a molecularly distinct subgroup of primary prostate cancers with biology similar to metastatic prostate cancers. These “met-like” cancers can be identified by a 70 gene classifier and are statistically more likely to result in distant metastases than their “non-met like” counterparts. This study aimed to identify exploitable biology common to both “met-like” primary tumours and metastatic prostate cancer. Experimental procedures: Differential gene expression and Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify nodal genes upregulated in both “met-like” primary prostate cancers and metastatic prostate cancers. siRNA screening was performed on 40 nodal genes in a panel of normal, primary and metastatic prostate cancers. Cell viability was assessed using cell titer-glo luminescent Assay. Relative levels of apoptosis were assessed using PARP, caspase-8 and caspase-3 cleavage Western Blots. siRNA mediated knockdowns were confirmed by Western Blot and rtPCR. Results: We have identified upregulation of the homeobox transcription factor DLX1 in “met-like” primary prostate cancers and metastatic prostate cancers. High levels of DLX1 expression were found to be independently predicative of biochemical recurrence and metastatic disease in primary prostate cancers. DLX1 knockdown resulted in significantly decreased cell viability in primary and metastatic prostate cancer cell lines with minimal reduction of viability in normal prostate cells. Additionally DLX1 knockdown was shown to result in increased PARP, caspase-8 and caspase-3 cleavage providing evidence of apoptotic cell death. Furthermore knockdown of DLX1 resulted in significantly increased transcript levels of the pro-apoptotic BH3 protein BIK, suggesting its involvement in the observed apoptotic cell death. Conclusion: DLX1 has previously been identified as a marker of prostate cancer metastasis with increased expression being observed in both primary and metastatic prostate cancers. However we have observed increased DLX1 expression in a subset of primary prostate cancers that developed metastatic diseased compared to primary tumors that did not metastasise. The elucidation of apoptotic mechanisms following DLX1 knockdown may uncover potential exploitable biology that may be used for the treatment of prostate cancer. Citation Format: Nicholas Forsythe, Cathal McKinney, Nuala McCabe, Richard D. Kennedy. The role of DLX1 as a biomarker and novel target in poor prognostic prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 370.
Terminology, Definitions, and Classification of Chronic Pulmonary Emphysema and Related Conditions: A REPORT OF THE CONCLUSIONS OF A CIBA GUEST SYMPOSIUM
Authors: J Gilson, P Hugh-Jones, J Scadding, C Fletcher
Journal: Thorax (1959)

At present the word emphysema is used to indicate various morbid states of the lung differing widely in their pathology, symptomatology, and prognosis.This results in confusion and misunderstanding between investigators working in different centres and in different branches of medicine and thus retards advance in knowledge of a group of common and often serious disabling diseases.The purpose of the symposium, the conclusions of which are reported here, was to see whether a group of British investigators could agree upon provisional definitions, classifications, and terminology, and suggest lines of investigation which might clarify obscurities which at present impede the formulation of a satisfactory system of classification.Individual contributions to the symposium were presented informally and were not intended for publication.At the end of the meeting certain provisional conclusions and proposals were formulated.These were subsequently recon- sidered, modified by a drafting committee, and finally approved (with minor reservations) by all the participants.The proposals are provisional and should not be regarded as committing any of the participants to any particular view.They are published in order to encourage people to use defined terms in making pathological, clinical, and functional assessments, to investigate the reproducibility of these assessments in the hands of the same and different observers, and to determine their significance and validity by comparing the results of the different types of assessment with one another.The participants thought this was necessary before any final definition or classification of emphysema itself or the conditions that may be associated with it could *The symposium was held on September 24-26, 1958.
Fetal and placental size and risk of hypertension in adult life.
Journal: BMJ (1990)

SIR,-Professor D J P Barker and colleagues suggest that the prevention of hypertension may depend on improving maternal nutrition.'Food rationing introduced in Britain during 1940-1 resulted in a more equitable distribution of food, and expectant mothers received free supplements of milk, eggs, and vitamins.2These changes were accompanied by an abrupt decline in perinatal mortality, particularly in the rate of stillbirths.'We investigated whether the blood pressure adjusted for age of British adults born during food rationing differed from that of those born before rationing was introduced.During 1984-5 as part of the health and lifestyle survey the blood pressure of a random sample of British adults was measured at home by automated sphygmomanometry.4We analysed data on 5383 people born during 1927-66 (figure).Each year's data are based on at least 90 people.We found no discernible step around 1941-5 for either systolic or diastolic pressure.
THE FUEL OF MUSCULAR WORK
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal