tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatic metastasis of human colorectal cancer xenografts in scid mice Dept. of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, State University of New York at Buffalo, and Molecular Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Renal failure after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is a common complication (ranging from 12% to 70%) associated with worse outcomes, particularly when it requires renal replacement therapy (RRT). Renal dysfunction is a common scenario among waiting list patients. It can lead to a worse prognosis after OLT, due to an increased incidence of postoperative renal failure. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of renal failure after OLT, its relationship to pretransplant renal dysfunction, and its impact on outcomes. We analyzed data collected prospectively from 152 consecutive OLTs in 139 patients performed by the same team from March 2003 to November 2007. Exclusion criteria for 34 cases included transplantation due to acute liver failure, combined liver-kidney transplantation, retransplantation, and patients who died up to 2 days posttransplantation. Based on creatinine clearance (CCr) calculated at the time of OLT, the 118 patients were classified in two groups: group I, normal pre-OLT renal function (CCr ≥ 70 mL/min) versus group II, pre-OLT renal failure (CCr < 70 mL/min). Each group was analyzed according to the development of post-OLT renal failure, being classified as subgroup A (normal renal function post-OLT), subgroup B (mild renal impairment post-OLT—serum creatinine level between 2.0 and 3.0 mg/dL or doubled basal value up to 3.0 mg/dL) versus subgroup C (severe renal impairment post-OLT—serum creatinine level ≥ 3.0 mg/dL or utilization of RRT). The overall incidence of post-OLT renal impairment was 41.52% with RRT in 22 patients (18.64%). Group II patients showed a greater incidence of post-OLT renal failure when compared with other patients (P < .05), but without a statistical difference when compared according to RRT requirement. Comparison of average hospital stay was similar between groups I and II, and also among its subgroups (A, B, and C, respectively). There was no statistical difference in early (30-day) and 1-year survival rates between groups I and II. Comparing all subgroups for early and 1-year survival, we observed that patients who developed severe renal failure post-OLT (subgroups I-C and II-C) showed worse outcomes compared with other patients (subgroups I-A, I-B, II-A, and II-B), respectively 95.29% versus 69.69% and 86.95% versus 41.66% for early and 1-year survivals (P < .001). In conclusion, our findings suggested that patients who developed severe renal failure post-OLT, independent of pretransplant renal function, showed worse outcomes.
Association of Population and Practice Factors with pOtentially Avoidable Admission Rates for Chronic Diseases in London: Cross Sectional Analysis
Authors: Sonia Saxena, Julie George, Julie Barber, Justine Fitzpatrick, Azeem Majeed
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

To examine the association between underlying ill health, material deprivation and primary care supply factors and hospital admission rates for potentially avoidable admissions in primary care trusts in London.Cross sectional analysis at primary care trusts level using routine data from multiple sources.All 31 primary care trusts in London with a total resident population of 7 million patients.Age-standardized hospital admission rates for asthma, diabetes, heart failure, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Admission rates varied widely for the conditions examined across the 31 primary care trusts. In 2001, age adjusted admission rates for asthma varied from 76 to 189 per 100,000 and for diabetes from 38 to 183 per 100,000. There was a significant association between higher admission rates and measures of underlying ill health and material deprivation but not quantitative measures of primary care service provision. Provision of specialist chronic disease services in primary care for diabetes but not for asthma were significantly associated with reduced admission rates. There was no association of prescribing levels in primary care trusts with admission rates for any of the conditions examined.Although hospital admission for some chronic diseases is potentially avoidable and rates of hospital admission for these conditions are possible indicators of the quality of care, they should be interpreted in conjunction with measures of population composition and deprivation. Failure to do this may result in primary care trusts and general practitioners being criticized for aspects of health care utilization that are not under their direct control.
Validation of the association of RECIST 1.0 changes with survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated on SWOG Study S0421.
Authors: Gregory Russell Pond, Guru Sonpavde, Melissa Plets, Catherine M. Tangen, Maha Hussain, Primo Lara, Amir Goldkorn, Mark Garzotto, Philip C. Mack, Celestia S. Higano, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Ian Murchie Thompson, Przemyslaw Twardowski, Peter J. Van Veldhuizen, Neeraj Agarwal, Michael Anthony Carducci, Paul Monk, David I. Quinn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

5079 Background: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and bone scan changes are often used as components of primary endpoints in phase II trials of mCRPC. However, they do not reliably capture drug activity, as suggested by multiple phase III trials that failed to validate promising activity in phase II trials. Recently, an association between RECIST 1.0 changes and overall survival (OS) in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel was observed. We externally validated the prognostic impact of RECIST 1.0 changes on OS. Methods: S0421 was a phase III trial in men with mCRPC men treated with docetaxel and prednisone plus either placebo or atrasentan. Individual patient data from both arms of were combined for analysis since no differences in outcomes were observed. Cox proportional hazards regression evaluated the association of RECIST outcomes within 120 days, i.e. unconfirmed partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) with OS from day 120. The analysis was adjusted for selected major baseline prognostic factors: hemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, PSA, treatment arm, performance status, visceral disease, progression type, pain and Gleason score. All tests were two-sided and P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 1038 eligible patients on S0421, 469 had measurable disease. Of these, 377 had RECIST assessments within 120 days after starting therapy. From day 120, 23 patients had PD, 230 had SD, and 73 had ≥ PR (n = 73). Median OS of was 7.1, 13.4 and 16.3 months, respectively (p = 0.004). After adjusting for baseline factors, RECIST changes remained significantly associated with OS (p = 0.002). For every 10% increase in lesion size, the hazard of dying after day 120 increased by 6.3% (95% CI: 2.3% to 10.5%, p = 0.0018), after adjusting for prognostic factors. Conclusions: This analysis provides external validation of the association of RECIST 1.0 changes with OS in men with mCRPC receiving docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Given that current imaging is increasingly detecting measurable disease, a robust and objective signal of activity represented by RECIST changes should be shown in phase II trials before launching phase III trials.
Subjective Sensations of Sight and Sound. Abiotrophy and Other Lectures.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Belgish Tijdschrift v Geneeskunde, Louvain
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alteration of Tissue Disposition of Cadmium by Chelating Agents
Authors: Curtis D. Klaassen, Michael P. Waalkes, Louis R. Cantilena
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The effect of several chelating agents (diethyldithiocarbamic acid, DDC; nitrilotriacetic acid, NTA; 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, BAL; d,l-penicillamine, PEN; 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, DMSA; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA; and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, DTPA) on the toxicity, distribution and excretion of cadmium (Cd) was determined in mice. When chelators were administered immediately after Cd, significant increases in survival were noted after treatment with DMSA, EDTA, and DTPA. DTPA, followed by EDTA and then DMSA, were consistently the most effective in decreasing the tissue concentrations of Cd and increasing the excretion of Cd. NTA, BAL, DDC and PEN had no beneficial effects. The effects of increasing the time interval between Cd administration and initiation of chelation therapy was determined by using a single administration of DTPA, EDTA, and DMSA. Mice treated immediately after Cd administration excreted approximately 50% of the administered dose of Cd compared to 0.2% in controls. Treatment with chelator at later times significantly increased Cd excretion but the magnitude of the effect was much less than that seen in mice treated immediately after Cd. To determine the role of MT in the acute decrease in chelator efficacy following Cd poisoning, rats were injected IV with Cd followed by DTPA at various times after Cd. Although DTPA reduced Cd content in the various organs when given immediately after Cd, the chelator was ineffective at all later times. Increases in hepatic and renal metallothionein (MT) did not occur until 2 hr after Cd, and did not coincide with the earlier drop in chelator efficacy. Blockade of MT synthesis by actinomycin D failed to eliminate this decreased DTPA effectiveness. Therefore, it appears that MT does not play an important role in the acute decrease in efficacy of chelation therapy for Cd poisoning. The effect of repeated daily administration of chelators on the distribution and excretion of Cd was studied by administering chelators daily for 5 days starting 48 hr after Cd. DTPA, EDTA, DMSA and BAL significantly increased the urinary elimination of Cd. Thus, mobilization of Cd into urine occurs with repeated chelation therapy, which may decrease tissue concentrations of Cd and reduce the toxicity of the metal.
Transactions of the American Microscopical Society.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Authors: B Bryant, R Durh, W Dix, B Durh, H Francis, J Sparks, ' Standing, ).-T Allen, F Bateman, W Fearnley, W Freeman, W Jones, A Lane, L Lawrence, S Lessey, T Lettis, L Mark, W Slater, F Thistle, -E Bailey, J Boyd, R Brown, L Guy's Hospital, T Cann, E Davison
Journal: BMJ (1899)
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: prion protein genotype analysis of positive appendix tissue samples from a retrospective prevalence study
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Selection bias, however, was discussed in 14 reviews, 10 of which did not report or were unclear about the method of selection of patients.So, though many reviews discussed different types of bias, they did not always provide the information that would enable a reader to assess the risk of bias.In our sample we found the quality of reviews completed for the purpose of clinical guidelines was poor, with worrying implications if these are the reviews guiding clinical practice.Reviews of diagnostic tests would be better carried out separately from the preparation of clinical guidelines. ConclusionsSystematic reviews of diagnostic tests are complex and require reporting of detailed information about the design, conduct, and results of the included primary studies to ensure reviews are useful.We have shown the current poor quality of published reviews and indicated areas for improvement.
72 TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE (TDF) FOR THE TREATMENT OF HBEAG-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B: WEEK 72 TDF DATA AND WEEK 24 ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL SWITCH DATA (STUDY 103)
Authors: J. Heathcote, J. George, S. Gordon, J.P. Bronowicki, J. Sperl, R. Williams, P. Martin, M. Beniowski, J. Sorbel, J. Anderson, E. Mondou, A. Snow, F. Rousseau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Continuous Venous Infusion Fluorouracil and Oral Fluorouracil With Eniluracil in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Alex A. Adjei, Joel M. Reid, Robert B Diasio, Jeff A. Sloan, Deborah A. Smith, Joseph Rubin, Henry C. Pitot, Steven R. Alberts, Richard M. Goldberg, Lorelei J. Hanson, Pamela Atherton, Matthew M. Ames, Charles Erlichman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To compare the pharmacokinetics of continuous venous infusion (CVI) fluorouracil (5-FU) with that of oral eniluracil/5-FU and to describe toxicities and clinical activity of prolonged oral administration of eniluracil/5-FU. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A randomized, open-label, cross-over study compared CVI 5-FU to an oral 5-FU/eniluracil combination. Seventeen patients (arm A) were randomly assigned to receive eniluracil/5-FU combination tablets (10:1 mg/m 2 BID for 7 days) during the first study period, followed by 5-FU (300 mg/m 2 CVI for 7 days) during period 2, with a 14-day washout between periods. Sixteen patients (arm B) received treatment in the opposite sequence. In period 3, all patients received eniluracil/5-FU tablets BID for 28 days. Plasma levels of 5-FU during CVI and oral administration were analyzed in periods 1 and 2. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity was determined by measuring plasma uracil, urinary α–fluoro-β-alanine, and peripheral-blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DPD activity. RESULTS: There were no grade 3 or 4 toxicities in either arm. Partial responses were observed in three patients. Another three patients had stable disease for ≥ 3 months. Eniluracil and 5-FU pharmacokinetics were similar to those observed in previous studies and were unaffected by administration sequence. The mean ± SD steady-state plasma concentration (C P ) and area under the curve (AUC) 144-168h for CVI 5-FU (104 ± 45 ng/mL and 2,350 ± 826 ng·h/mL, respectively) were three-fold greater than those for oral 5-FU (38.1 ± 7.7 ng/mL and 722 ± 182 ng·h/mL, respectively [P &lt; .00001]). Individual 5-FU concentrations during CVI were highly variable, whereas those after eniluracil/5-FU were very reproducible. DPD activity in PBMCs before each study period was normal. CONCLUSION: Both CVI 5-FU and oral eniluracil/5-FU were well tolerated, with moderate activity in these heavily pretreated patients. However, 5-FU steady-state C P and AUCs achieved with oral eniluracil/5-FU were significantly less than with CVI 5-FU.
Reply to Tomasso Cai, Lorenzo Giuseppe Luciani and Gianni Malossini’s Letter to the Editor re: Richard J. Sylvester, Maurizio A. Brausi, Wim J. Kirkels, et al. Long-Term Efficacy Results of EORTC Genito-Urinary Group Randomized Phase 3 Study 30911 Comparing Intravesical Instillations of Epirubicin, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus Isoniazid in Patients with Intermediate- and High-Risk Stage Ta T1 Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder. Eur Urol 2010;57:766–73
Authors: Richard J. Sylvester, Maurizio A. Brausi, Ziya Kirkali, Theo M. de Reijke
Journal: European Urology (2010)
An Unusual Case of Organophosphate Intoxication of a Worker in a Plastic Bottle Recycling Plant: An Important Reminder
Authors: Chao-Ling Wang, Hung-Yi Chuang, Chen-Yang Chang, Shao-Tuan Liu, Ming-Tsang Wu, Chi-Kung Ho
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

A young man was sent to our emergency unit because he had suffered from vomiting and cold sweating for 2 days. At the time he was admitted, he had no acute abdominal pains or gastrointestinal symptoms, and a physical examination revealed nothing but a faster heart rate and moist, flushing skin. The patient had worked for 6 years at a plastic bottle-recycling factory, but none of his co-workers had the same symptoms. Nevertheless, because the plant also recycled pesticide bottles, we suspected organophosphate pesticide intoxication. The patient's plasma acetylcholinesterase level was checked, revealing 1498.6 microU/L (normal range: 2,000-5, 000) on the first day and 1,379 microU/L on the second day. Upon questioning, the patient recalled that one of his shoe soles had been damaged and that his foot had been wet from walking all day in rain collected on the factory floor on the day that his symptoms first occurred. We conducted a study in the change of preshift and postshift acetylcholinesterase levels among six of his co-workers on a rainy day. We used the Wilcoxon signed rank test to compare the preshift and postshift plasma acetylcholinesterase levels; no significant difference was revealed (p = 0.600), leaving contamination via the damaged shoe sole suspect. We reviewed the literature on organophosphate intoxication; pesticide bottle-recycling factories were reported to be at a low risk of organophosphate toxicity in the working environment. However, because the potential risk of intoxication is still present, protective equipment such as clothing, gloves, and water-proof shoes should be worn, and employees should be educated on the potential risks.
A Randomized Phase II Trial of High-Dose Melphalan, Ascorbic Acid and Arsenic Trioxide with or without Bortezomib in Multiple Myeloma.
Authors: Manish Sharma, Peter Thall, Xuemei Wang, Chitra Hosing, Floralyn L Mendoza, Eric Han, Michael Wang, Donna Weber, Jatin Shah, Amin Alousi, Paolo Anderlini, Partow Kebriaei, Issa F Khouri, Uday Popat, Marcos de Lima, Richard E Champlin, Sergio Giralt, Muzaffar Qazilbash
Journal: Blood (2009)
Neuroradiologists find 'gentler' angiography excellent for diagnosis, kinder to patients
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A SAFE, noninvasive method that images blood vessels in the head and neck has given neuroradiologists a powerful new look at the brain during the last few years. While most investigators agree that magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) will never completely obviate conventional invasive angiography, many believe it has the potential to dramatically alter the evaluation and follow-up of patients with brain tumors, aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, vascular stenoses and occlusions, and several other neurovascular pathologies. While physicists and computer scientists scramble to improve the hardware, researchers gathered recently at the American Society of Neuroradiology meeting in Los Angeles, Calif, discussed where MRA—first demonstrated only 8 years ago—belongs in clinical practice. Expressing both enthusiasm and reservation, Michael Mawad, MD, director of magnetic resonance imaging at Methodist Hospital, Houston, Tex, summarized his institution's MRA evaluations of 110 patients who presented with a wide range of neurovascular pathologies by saying, "MRA is a powerful
Medical German
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal