tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-36 in hidradenitis suppurativa: evidence for a distinctive proinflammatory role and a key factor in the development of an inflammatory loop
Authors: S. Hessam, M. Sand, T. Gambichler, M. Skrygan, I. Ruddel, F.G. Bechara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Scientists from Germany investigated whether a cytokine called interleukin‐36 (IL‐36) might be important in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic, painful, disfiguring and offensive‐smelling pustular skin disease that affects the armpits, groins, buttocks and breasts. A cytokine is a molecule produced by one cell that switches on other cells in some way ‐ for example, activating immune system cells to home in on sites of damage, including damage from infection. This is a complex chain reaction or loop. If cytokines are produced when they should not be produced, instead of the immune system repairing damage or combating infection as it should, inappropriate inflammation such as that seen in HS can result. This study of skin samples from 15 patients with moderately severe or severe HS found elevated levels of all three subtypes of IL‐36, mainly in the cells called keratinocytes: subtype IL‐36α particularly in affected skin, IL‐36β in skin around affected skin, and IL‐36γ in both. It also demonstrated an imbalance of cytokines IL‐37 and ‐38, which oppose the action of IL‐36. These findings suggest that the immune system plays an important role in the development of HS. They fit the theory that high IL‐36 levels kick off a chain reaction (which includes other interleukins and a particular type of white blood cell called a T‐helper cell) that results in inflammation and sufficient white blood cells to produce the pus that is a major feature of the condition.
DRES-05. TARGETING DNA REPAIR MECHANISMS IN GLIOBLASTOMA: FROM BASIC MECHANISMS TO PRE-CLINICAL ASPECTS AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY
Authors: Eric Van Dyck, Hélène Erasimus, Matthieu Gobin, Petr Nazarov, Sabrina Fritah, Laurent Vallar, Marco Timmer, Roland Goldbrunner, Simone Niclou
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Despite surgical resection and genotoxic treatment with ionizing radiation and the DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), glioblastoma remains a highly lethal cancer, due to the action of DNA repair mechanisms that drive resistance and tumour relapse. One such mechanism involves the MGMT protein which removes the alkyl group from O6-methylguanine, the most highly cytotoxic lesion induced by TMZ. MGMT promoter methylation is observed in about 40% of GBM patients and confers a survival benefit in patients treated with TMZ. However, alkylating agent chemotherapy has hitherto been largely inefficient. While MGMT-positive patients do not benefit at all from TMZ, the survival benefit of TMZ in MGMT-negative patients is a mere 2.5 months. In addition to MGMT, several pathways are involved in the repair of TMZ-induced lesions. Understanding their molecular details and identifying potential pharmacological targets have emerged as vital tasks to improve treatment. To understand the molecular basis behind chemoresistance, tumour progression and relapse in GBM, we have measured the mRNA expression levels of a selection of DNA repair and cell cycle factors in paired, primary and recurrent GBM biopsies. Classification of the deregulated genes led to the suggestion that one route to tumour progression is associated with profound alterations in cell cycle genes as well as genes encoding crucial DNA repair factors. We are investigating our differential gene expression data further, to learn how cancer cells modulate the expression of specific pathways in response to glioblastomagenesis and genotoxic treatment, and propose novel therapeutic strategies. Lastly, we have carried out a large-scale shRNA screen of DNA repair/chromatin factors in GBM cells to identify those genes required for resistance to TMZ in vitro, as well as synthetic lethal interactions with MGMT. Promising candidates will be validated in vitro as well as in vivo, using orthotopic xenograft models of GBM.
Left Superior Vena Cava with Anomalous Inferior Vena Cava
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The In-Training Examination in Internal Medicine
Authors: Richard A. Garibaldi, Raja Subhiyah
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters17 June 2003The In-Training Examination in Internal MedicineRichard A. Garibaldi, MD and Raja Subhiyah, PhDRichard A. Garibaldi, MDUniversity of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington, CT 06030 (Garibaldi)National Board of Medical Examiners; Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Subhiyah)Search for more papers by this author and Raja Subhiyah, PhDUniversity of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington, CT 06030 (Garibaldi)National Board of Medical Examiners; Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Subhiyah)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-12-200306170-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Steensma is concerned about the carryover effect of reusing questions on the IM-ITE after a gap of 2 or more years. The operational practice of reusing items from previous examinations is similar for virtually all national examinations that use multiple-choice questions. The IM-ITE, however, is unique in that most examinees take the test in 3 consecutive years. The practice of reusing items provides the examination with a core group of questions that have performed well on psychometric evaluations in the past and have been demonstrated to be effective in distinguishing high scorers from low scorers. It also ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington, CT 06030 (Garibaldi)National Board of Medical Examiners; Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Subhiyah) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe In-Training Examination in Internal Medicine: An Analysis of Resident Performance over Time Richard A. Garibaldi , Raja Subhiyah , Mary E. Moore , and Herbert Waxman The In-Training Examination in Internal Medicine David P. Steensma The In-Training Examination in Internal Medicine Joseph J. Nidiry The In-Training Examination in Internal Medicine Robin Dibner , Julia Andrieni , and Lawrence Smith Metrics 17 June 2003Volume 138, Issue 12Page: 1010-1011KeywordsGraduate medical educationPsychometricsResidency ePublished: 17 June 2003 Issue Published: 17 June 2003 CopyrightCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Melanoma of the scalp and neck had greater risk for melanoma-specific mortality than melanoma of the extremities
Authors: Bill McCarthy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Source Citation Lachiewicz AM, Berwick M, Wiggins CL, Thomas NE. Survival differences between patients with scalp or neck melanoma and those with melanoma of other sites in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. Arch Dermatol. 2008;144:515-21. 18427046
Circuit Court Decision in Case Denying Use of Mails to Lost-Manhood Advertiser.
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Using academic health centers to help avoid health care's next crisis
Authors: R. J. Bulger
Journal: JAMA (1993)

WHEN Thomas Jefferson talked of a healthy population as a prerequisite for an effective and informed citizenry capable of sustaining the new American democracy, he was speaking of a public good, not another commercial enterprise. Our failure to adequately treat basic health care as a public good has left us in crisis. We seem as a society to be inundated with plans and talk about what to do about the current health care crisis—a crisis consisting of inadequate financial access to health care for a large segment of our population and of ever-escalating and uncontrolled costs for the services we do get. It would appear that we may be in danger of actually doing something about it; I use the word "danger" because none of the plans and none of the talk thus far say anything about how we expect to provide the care, especially to that 15% to 20%
Hypothermia
Authors: Leroy D. Vandam, Thomas K. Burnap
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

EIGHTEEN years have elapsed since the first progress report on hypothermia appeared in this journal.1 At that time Talbott originally used the term "hypothermia" to define the deliberate cooling of man as a therapeutic measure. Although observations on the physiology of cold had been made sporadically over the years, the occasion for a progress report was the interest aroused by the work of Smith and Fay,2 who had employed cold for the treatment of advanced cancer. Within a short time, however, interest began to wane, and Talbott could provide only a very limited bibliography. The hope was expressed that further . . .
A Mobile Coronary Care Unit: An Evaluation for its Need.
Authors: Richard W. Watts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970A Mobile Coronary Care Unit: An Evaluation for its Need.Richard W. Watts, M.D., F.A.C.P., Yoon H. Pyo, M.D.Richard W. Watts, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Yoon H. Pyo, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-779_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough the few existing mobile coronary care units have proved effective, the establishment of a new unit is expensive, costing about $250,000 for the first year. In order to evaluate the usefulness of such a unit an evaluation of present patterns for care of the acute myocardial infarct patients arriving at a west side Cleveland hospital was made. Simultaneously, a study of patients dead on arrival at the hospital was made to determine possible out-of-hospital resuscitation opportunities. The greatest delay in the care of the acute myocardial infarct patient was his own unwillingness to call for help. The majority sought... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 779-779KeywordsCardiac care unitMyocardial infarctionResuscitation Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Highly Sensitive and Specific Method for Quantitation of O-Alkylated DNA Adducts and Its Application to the Analysis of Human Tissue DNA
Authors: Ho-il Kang, Chieko Konishi, Toshio Kuroki, Nam-ho Huh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Formation and accumulation of O6-alkylguanine and O4-alkylthymine in human tissues is possibly the most relevant marker for cancer risk. Because humans are chronically exposed to diverse kinds of chemicals and eventual DNA structural modifications are supposed to be a complex mixture of adducts at very low levels, it is essential to use an assay with extremely high sensitivity and specificity. We have established a quantitation method, called PREPI, for O6-methylguanine, O4-methylthymine, and O4-ethylthymine by the combination of prefractionation by HPLC, 32P-postlabeling, and immunoprecipitation. The detection limit was about 1 fmole for all three adducts, enabling us to analyze about 1 x 10(-8) levels as a molar ratio to normal counterpart using 100 micrograms of DNA. In a pilot experiment, we analyzed 11 peripheral blood samples from healthy volunteers. O6-Methylguanine was detected in all the cases with a mean value of 2.0 +/- 1.3 x 10(-8) (range, 0.78-4.6 x 10(-8)). Neither O4-methylthymine nor O4-ethylthymine was above the detection limit of 0.8 x 10(-8) as a ratio to thymine.
Novel poly(amido amine)s with bioreducible disulfide linkages in their diamino-units: Structure effects and in vitro gene transfer properties
Authors: M. Piest, C. Lin, M.A. Mateos-Timoneda, M.C. Lok, W.E. Hennink, J. Feijen, J.F.J. Engbersen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
Assessment of Testicular Toxicity in Laboratory Animals
Authors: Ralph Heywood, Ronald W. James
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The currently available methods of assessing testicular toxicity and fertility are discussed. Compounds inducing testicular atrophy mainly affect the seminiferous epithelium, with progressive loss of spermatozoa, spermatids, spermatocytes, and spermatogonia. Quantitative histometric analysis of spermatogenesis, together with hormone assays, could be used to advantage in defining the underlying mechanisms of toxicity.
Relative Merits of Techniques for Gastrostomy Tube Removal
Authors: Stephen A. Winograd
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Our experience with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube removal differs from that of Korula and Harma.<sup>1</sup>We have seen instances in which the internal components of the PEG tube remained in the stomach and in which the internal bumper would not pass through a colostomy stoma. Wilson et al<sup>2</sup>have recently reported a perforation at the jejunoileal junction in a patient whose PEG tube was removed in this manner. If one were to follow the suggestion of using serial radiographs to check for elimination of the severed PEG tube, the cost, including that of transporting the patient for the study, could be considerable. If a PEG tube is in place and cannot be removed by traction, immediate endoscopic removal of the severed bumper should be performed. At the present time, there are at least three manufacturers that produce a gastrostomy tube that can be removed
Rheumatology
Authors: M. A. Becker
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Although only recently approved for use in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), methotrexate sodium has assumed an important role in the polypharmacologic treatment of this disease, thus warranting review of recent experience with this cytotoxic folate analogue. Methotrexate has proved beneficial for RA in all studies,<sup>1-5</sup>although its use has been limited to patients with inflammatory synovitis refractory to established remittive agents (such as gold or penicillamine) or with significant reactions to these drugs. Side effects of low-dose weekly methotrexate in carefully selected patients with RA, although frequent,<sup>1-5</sup>have usually been mild and responsive to dosage reduction or to changes in administration. In 12- to 18-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of methotrexate for RA, moderate to marked suppression of synovial inflammation, which is often evident within the relatively short time of 5 to 6 weeks, is seen in one third to two thirds of patients,<sup>1,5</sup>Maximum clinical and functional
Therapeutics.
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Biomarker Approach to Assessing Xenobiotic Exposure in Atlantic Tomcod from the North American Atlantic Coast
Authors: Isaac I. Wirgin, Cheryl Grunwald, Simon Courtenay, Guat-Lian Kreamer, William L. Reichert, John E. Stein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We determined levels of hepatic cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) mRNA, hepatic DNA adducts, and fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) in bile, a measure of exposure to polyaromatic hydrocarbons, in Atlantic tomcod from six river systems ranging from highly polluted to relatively pristine on the northeast North American coast (the Hudson River, New York; the St. Lawrence River, Quebec; the Miramichi River, New Brunswick; the Saco and Royal rivers, Maine; and the Margaree River, Nova Scotia). Hudson River tomcod showed the greatest response for all parameters, and tomcod from the Margaree River exhibited the least response. Tomcod from the Miramichi River exhibited marked induction of CYP1A mRNA but low levels of hepatic DNA adducts and biliary FACs, whereas fish from the St. Lawrence River showed no induction of CYP1A mRNA and moderately elevated levels of DNA adducts and biliary FACs. In tomcod from the Hudson and Miramichi rivers, the levels of CYP1A mRNA were 28 times and 14 times, respectively, as great as the levels in fish from the St. Lawrence, Saco/Royal, and Margaree rivers. Mean levels of DNA adducts varied from 120 nmol adducts/mol bases in Hudson River tomcod to < 3 nmol adducts/mol bases in fish from the Miramichi and Margaree rivers. Concentrations of FACs in the bile of tomcod from the Hudson and St. Lawrence rivers were 8 and 1.8 times, respectively, as great as the concentrations in tomcod from the Miramichi River and Margaree River. In tomcod from the Hudson River, all three biomarkers were markedly elevated; in the St. Lawrence River two biomarkers were elevated, in the Miramichi River one was elevated, but no biomarker was substantially elevated in fish from the Saco/Royal and Margaree rivers. Elevated levels of hepatic DNA adducts and biliary FACs in tomcod from the Hudson River suggest increased exposure to PAHs, consistent with previous studies.
Clinical Allergy.
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cover Image, Volume 40, Issue 2
Authors: Ning Ma, Jie Zhang, Russel J. Reiter, Xi Ma
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2020)

Description of the front cover image: The cover image is based on the REVIEW ARTICLE Melatonin mediates mucosal immune cells, microbial metabolism, and rhythm crosstalk: A therapeutic target to reduce intestinal inflammation by Ning Ma et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21628. Credit: Cover image © Xi Ma.
Safety and Efficacy of Carfilzomib (CFZ) in Previously-Treated Systemic Light-Chain (AL) Amyloidosis
Authors: Adam D. Cohen, Heather Landau, Emma C. Scott, Michaela Liedtke, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Michael Rosenzweig, Cristina Gasparetto, David H. Vesole, Vaishali Sanchorawala, Suzanne Lentzsch, Christina L. Gomes, Raymond L. Comenzo, Brian G.M. Durie
Journal: Blood (2016)
Effect of inhaling heated vapor on symptoms of the common cold
Authors: M. L. Macknin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A double-blind, randomized study tested the efficacy of steam (technically, heated, humidified air) inhalation in the treatment of common cold symptoms. Two 20-minute treatments spaced 60 to 90 minutes apart were given at the time of enrollment. The active device (Rhinotherm, Netzer-Sereni, Beer Yaacov, Israel) delivered 40 L/min of saturated air at 40°C to 42°C, while the identical-appearing placebo delivered 2 L/min of ambient air at 20°C to 24°C. There were 34 patients in the placebo group and 32 in the active group. Significant improvements in the placebo-treated group were obtained on subjective symptom scores for nasal congestion, nasal drainage, and sneezing on isolated days during the treatment period (40% vs 25% on day 3, 71% vs 60% on day 6, and 100% vs 67% on day 7). Improvement in nasal resistance as measured by rhinomanography was better in the placebo group than in the active group on day 7 (11% vs—6%). Our study demonstrated no beneficial effects of steam inhalation on common cold symptoms. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:989-991)