tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The clinical evaluation of new drugs for sepsis. A prospective study design based on survival analysis
Authors: W. A. Knaus
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To develop a survival model and severity assessment method to estimate the 28-day mortality risk for patients with sepsis syndrome entering phase 2 and 3 drug evaluations. <h3>Design.</h3> —Retrospective analysis of intensive care unit admissions with sepsis syndrome by means of log-normal regression to identify risk factors for 28-day mortality. Prospective application of the model to patients with gram-negative infection meeting sepsis syndrome criteria from separate data collection (validation group). <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 58 737 intensive care unit admissions at 107 hospitals in the United States and Western Europe screened to yield 1195 patients meeting entry criteria for the sepsis syndrome study for the original model; 295 hospitalized patients with gram-negative infection meeting criteria for sepsis syndrome for validation. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Survival time and mortality at 28 days after fulfillment of the sepsis syndrome criteria. <h3>Results.</h3> —Acute physiologic abnormalities were the most important prognostic factors influencing outcome (82% of total χ<sup>2</sup>). Specific disease resulting in intensive care unit admission and the time the patient was in the hospital and intensive care unit before qualification were also independent risks, as were age and a clinical history of cirrhosis. The model's overall classification accuracy was a Somers' Dyx of .52 (rank correlation between predicted risk and 28-day mortality) (receiver operating characteristic area, 0.76), with equal accuracy (Dyx=.59; receiver operating characteristic area, 0.80) in the independent group of patients. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —We created an accurate independent estimate for 28-day mortality risk for patients with sepsis syndrome (severe sepsis). This estimate could improve the evaluation of new drugs by investigating whether the drug's benefit varies by patient risk and then determining the amount of benefit for individual patients. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1233-1241)
I am a consultant in medicine in the United States. I have General Medical Council and Irish Medical Council registration, have passed the PLAB tests, and have worked in the United Kingdom. How do I apply for consultant posts in the United Kingdom or Ireland?
Authors: Jo Constable
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Flow toxicity can be measured in terms of the probability that a liquidity provider is adversely selected by informed traders. In previous papers the authors introduced the concept of Volume-synchronized Probability of Informed Trading (the VPIN<sup>*</sup> metric) and provided a robust estimation procedure. In this study, they discuss the asymmetric impact that an incorrect estimation of the VPIN metric has on a market maker’s performance. This asymmetry may be part of the explanation for the evaporation of liquidity witnessed on May 6th 2010. To mitigate that undesirable behavior, they present the specifications of a VPIN contract, which could be used to hedge against the risk of higher than expected levels of toxicity, as well as to monitor such risk. Among other applications, it would also work as an execution benchmark and a price discovery mechanism, since it allows for the externalization of market participants’ views of future toxicity. <b>TOPICS:</b>Statistical methods, financial crises and financial market history, tail risks
Abstract 156: Serial Evaluations of Coronary Artery Abnormalities in Kawasaki Disease Patients Should Include Assessment for the Development of Luminal Myofibroblastic Proliferation and Chronic Thromboses: a Preliminary Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Michael Carr, Anne Rowley, Jan M Orenstein, Stanford Shulman, Elise Duffy
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: We recently reported that luminal myofibroblastic proliferation (LMP) is an active process of smooth muscle-cell derived myofibroblasts and their matrix products that can cause progressive coronary artery (CA) stenoses in KD patients. Serial echocardiography to assess for high risk CA changes, with periodic cardiac functional assessments in selected patients, is the current standard of care for monitoring patients with CA abnormalities. Monitoring for LMP/chronic thromboses is not routinely performed. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that echocardiographic images from KD children with severe CA abnormalities could suggest the presence of LMP and/or chronic thromboses, indicating the potential for progression to CA stenoses. Methods: We reviewed echocardiographic studies from a convenience sample of 28 KD patients with multiple aneurysms/giant aneurysms, to determine whether LMP and/or thrombosis could be identified on serial imaging. Results: In 12 of the 28 patients, images were highly suggestive of LMP and/or thromboses. This could only be assessed in the proximal segments of the left main, circumflex, left anterior descending and right CAs. Detection was enhanced by optimizing the depth and sector width for the coronary artery segment of interest and use of magnification on the review station. Variations in echocardiographic techniques such as low frequency probes, harmonics, persistence, excessive compress or low gain settings made the assessment difficult. 4 patients in this cohort required CA bypass and 1 died from myocardial infarction due to progressive LMP. Distal vessel occlusion could not be visualized by echocardiography. Conclusions: Images highly suggestive of LMP/chronic thromboses were evident in at least a third of patients with severe CA disease, including one patient who died of progressive LMP stenosis documented at autopsy. Echocardiography could not distinguish between LMP and chronic thrombosis as the cause of CA stenoses. Our study highlights the need for improved serial imaging for ongoing LMP/thromboses in AHA risk group IV. Patients with these complications may require more frequent cardiac functional assessments than are routinely recommended, to avoid adverse outcomes.
Eleventh International Medical Congress (Rome, Italy, Sept. 24-Oct. 1, 1893).
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Computerized tomography and benign intracranial hypertension
Authors: P. Delaney
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is a recognized syndrome of unknown origin that conventionally has been diagnosed by excluding an underlying space-occupying lesion using invasive contrast procedures. Computerized tomography (CT) scanning of the head is a safe, accurate method of defining intracranial structures that were previously only discernible by invasive studies. Seven patients with headaches, papilledema, normal mental status, normal brain scan, and normal electroencephalogram had normal CT scans of the head. Patients suspected of BIH can be spared invasive contrast procedures if the CT scan of the head is normal. (<i>JAMA</i>236:951-952, 1976)
BERLIN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prognostic Implications of Elevated Creatine Kinase After Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Cameron G. Densem
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Kong and colleagues<sup>1</sup>presented data on a cohort of patients taken from 2812 consecutive elective coronary artery interventions and concluded that a rise in creatine kinase (CK) after the procedure was associated with an adverse prognosis. However, the group of patients in this cohort were at increased risk of further morbidity and mortality for a number of reasons unrelated to a rise in CK. First, the case group was more likely to be hypertensive and hyperlipidemic relative to the control group, putting the case group at increased of future events without coronary revascularization. The increased incidence of myocardial infarctions and previous bypass surgery also suggested more extensive disease in the case group with stenoses less than 50%, and the case group had more complex target lesions. During the procedure, complications were more prevalent in the case group with poorer degree of revascularization. Therefore, it is
Window accidents.
Authors: K. R. Llewellin
Journal: BMJ (1968)

<h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate whether deficits of elbow flexor and extensor muscle strength exist in lateral epicondylalgia (LE) in comparison with a healthy control population. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional study. <h3>Participants</h3> 150 participants with unilateral LE were compared with 54 healthy control participants. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Maximal isometric elbow flexion and extension strength were measured bilaterally using a purpose-built standing frame such that gripping was avoided. <h3>Results</h3> The authors found significant side differences in elbow extensor (−6.54 N, 95% CI −11.43 to −1.65, p=0.008, standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.45) and flexor muscle strength (−11.26 N, 95% CI −19.59 to −2.94, p=0.009, SMD −0.46) between LE and control groups. Within the LE group, only elbow extensor muscle strength deficits between sides was significant (affected–unaffected: −2.94 N, 95% CI −5.44 to −0.44). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Small significant deficits of elbow extensor and flexor muscle strength exist in the affected arm of unilateral LE in comparison with healthy controls. Notably, comparing elbow strength between the affected and unaffected sides in unilateral epicondylalgia is likely to underestimate these deficits. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Register ACTRN12609000051246.
Fiction
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum: “Diversity Outbred Mice Identify Population-Based Exposure Thresholds and Genetic Factors that Influence Benzene-Induced Genotoxicity”
Authors: John E. French, Daniel M. Gatti, Daniel L. Morgan, Grace E. Kissling, Keith R. Shockley, Gabriel A. Knudsen, Kim G. Shepard, Herman C. Price, Deborah King, Kristine L. Witt, Lars C. Pedersen, Steven C. Munger, Karen L. Svenson, Gary A. Churchill
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2018)

[This corrects the article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408202.].
Increased von Willebrand factor binding to platelets in single episode and recurrent types of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Thomas W. Chow, Nancy A. Turner, Murali Chintagumpala, Patsy D. McPherson, Leticia H. Nolasco, Lawrence Rice, J. David Hellums, Joel L. Moake
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)
Transcatheter oily chemoembolization in the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Results of a Western comparative study in 60 patients
Authors: D Vetter
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Transcatheter oily chemoembolization is widely used as palliative therapy for inoperable hepatocellalar carcinoma in high-incidence Asiatic areas. To assess its usefulness in the Western form of this cancer, 20 French patients were treated between 1987 and 1990 by intraarterial hepatic injection of a Lipiodoldoxorubicin emulsion followed by embolization with 0.5 to 1 mm gelatin sponge particles. The number of procedures ranged from one to five. All patients had advanced, symptomatic and inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (Okuda's staging: I, n = 8; II, n = 14; III, n = 8); none was found under systematic screening. All had underlying cirrhosis (Child-Pugh's class: A, n = 15; B, n = 12; C, n = 3) that was alcoholic in origin in 27 case and posthepatitic B in origin in 3 cases. The results of the treatment were assessed by comparison with a group of 30 untreated patients admitted to the same unit between 1984 and 1987. Patients of both groups were closely matched for clinical presentation, global disease staging and precise anatomical extension. The overall 1- and 2-yr survival rate was 59% and 30%, respectively, for the treated patients vs. 0% at 1 yr for the untreated patients. The latter all died from local disease with end-stage liver failure and/or uncontrollable variceal bleeding. In the former, the three vatients with Child's class C cirrhosis died after the first procedure. During the follow-up (range = 3 to 26 mo), 11 additional patients died, 8 from metastatic generalization. In four of these cases, an adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with epirubicin was given and provided an effective response to functional symptoms in two cases (loss of pain caused by bone metastases). Fifteen autopsies were performed in the untreated group and all showed a cancerous thrombus of the main portal trunk, whereas this was found in only 1 of 10 autopsies in the treated group. We conclude that transcatheter oily chemoembolization is an efficient palliative treatment in the Western form of hepatocellular carcinoma complieating cirrhosis; it acts as a locoregional therapy that prevents the cancerous invasion of the portal system. Further trials are needed to define the best therapy to prevent or to treat extrahepatic dissemination. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:427–433.)
The Education of Children in Hospitals and Convalescent Homes
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Schizophrenia
Authors: Ross J. Baldessarini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Schizophrenia, a common type of psychotic mental disorder of unknown cause and of varying severity, presents more or less characteristic disturbances of thinking, mood and behavior. The presence of disordered thinking in the face of a relatively clear sensorium is essential for the diagnosis, which is reached by recognition of specific clinical features, and the past history, course of the illness and family history, but not by physical findings or laboratory tests. Common features include misinterpretation or idiosyncratic distortions of reality, and sometimes frank delusions and hallucinations. Mood in the chronic phase of the illness is usually described as flat, . . .
The health care team
Authors: E. P. Taxay
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A SACRED cow of contemporary American life is the team concept. Institutional programs are evaluated by management teams, educational efforts are delivered by teaching teams, and the physician is a member, but only sometimes the leader, of the health care team. The use of this term in the current vogue may have begun during World War II when a "team" was assembled to build an atomic device. Experts from a diversity of fields were given specific assignments, and a hopeful timetable was prepared. Because no project director (team leader) could master all of the details, his function was mainly reportorial and his responsibility was accordingly much less. In other fields, the concept had little application. The group that flew an airplane or ran a ship was a crew, and the captain was in full command and equally responsible. Even in diplomatic negotiations wherein a multitude might face each other over
British Journal of Dermatology, London
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hydrocortisone-Acetylsalicylic Acid Synergism in Gastric Ulcerogenesis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Product Description
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

In the research letter titled "Effects of Sterilization With Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorine Dioxide Solution on the Filtration Efficiency of N95, KN95, and Surgical Face Masks," 1 published June 15, 2020, the disinfection method that used chlorine dioxide actually used a product called Vital Oxide, of which chlorine dioxide is the effective, but not only, ingredient.This article has been corrected.