tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Adults with Asthma
Authors: Mark D. Eisner, Patricia P. Katz, Edward H. Yelin, S. Katharine Hammond, Paul D. Blanc
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Because the morbidity and mortality from adult asthma have been increasing, the identification of modifiable environmental exposures that exacerbate asthma has become a priority. Limited evidence suggests that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) may adversely affect adults with asthma. To study the effects of ETS better, we developed a survey instrument to measure ETS exposure in a cohort of adults with asthma living in northern California, where public indoor smoking is limited. To validate this survey instrument, we used a passive badge monitor that measures actual exposure to ambient nicotine, a direct and specific measure of ETS. In this validation study, we recruited 50 subjects from an ongoing longitudinal asthma cohort study who had a positive screening question for ETS exposure or potential exposure. Each subject wore a passive nicotine badge monitor for 7 days. After the personal monitoring period, we readministered the ETS exposure survey instrument. Based on the survey, self-reported total ETS exposure duration ranged from 0 to 70 hr during the previous 7 days. Based on the upper-range boundary, bars or nightclubs (55 hr) and the home (50 hr) were the sites associated with greatest maximal self-reported exposure. As measured by the personal nicotine badge monitors, the overall median 7-day nicotine concentration was 0.03 microg/m(3) (25th-75th interquartile range 0-3.69 microg/m(3)). Measured nicotine concentrations were highest among persons who reported home exposure (median 0.61 microg/m(3)), followed by work exposure (0.03 microg/m(3)), other (outdoor) exposure (0.025 microg/m(3)), and no exposure (0 microg/m(3); p = 0.03). The Spearman rank correlation coefficient between self-reported ETS exposure duration and directly measured personal nicotine concentration during the same 7-day period was 0.47, supporting the survey's validity (p = 0.0006). Compared to persons with no measured exposure, lower-level [odds ratio (OR) 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.4-8.8] and higher-level ETS exposures (OR 6.8; 95% CI, 1.4-32.3) were associated with increased risk of respiratory symptoms. A brief, validated survey instrument can be used to assess ETS exposure among adults with asthma, even with low levels of exposure. This instrument could be a valuable tool for studying the effect of ETS exposure on adult asthma health outcomes.
Giant cell arteritis as a cause of death. Report of nine cases
Authors: J. Save-Soderbergh
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Nine patients who have died of giant cell arteritis (GCA) are described. Two patients died of myocardial infarction caused by GCA in the coronary arteries. Another two patients died of dissecting aneurysm of the aorta where GCA were found in the lesions of the aorta wall. Giant cell arteritis causing cerebral stroke was the cause of death in five patients. None of the cases were receiving adequate corticosteroid treatment when symptoms of the ischemic catastrophies started. These cases illustrate that GCA is a generalized arteritis that can involve arteries of vital importance. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:493-496)
Emission of Carcinogenic Components with Automobile Exhausts
Authors: Ulf Stenberg, Tomas Alsberg, Roger Westerholm
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Different sampling methods for mutagenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are described. These methods involve either direct sampling of raw exhausts which prior to filtering are cooled in a condenser, or filter sampling of exhausts diluted in a tunnel. The relevance of gas-phase PAHs of samples from diluted exhausts is discussed; methods used are either adsorbents (XAD-2) or cryogenic condensation. The emission of benzo(a)pyrene and certain other PAHs is reported from vehicles using different fuels (gasoline, diesel, LPG, alcohols) or different emission control systems. The emission of some volatiles, such as benzene, ethylene and alkylnitrites, is also presented from different types of fuels used.
Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Complete Arterial Revascularization in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease With 2 Conduits (Skeletonized Grafts and T Grafts)
Authors: Olaf Wendler, Benno Hennen, Stefanos Demertzis, Torsten Markwirth, Dietmar Tscholl, Henning Lausberg, Qi Huang, Lennard Friedrich Dübener, Frank Langer, Hans-Joachim Schäfers
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Complete arterial CABG is a surgical option to improve long-term results in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Harvesting of multiple arterial grafts is commonly associated with prolonged operating times and increased trauma. By use of new operative techniques (skeletonized grafts and the T-graft approach), CABG in multivessel CAD is now possible with only 2 grafts. We present our experience in the use of these techniques on a routine basis. Methods and Results —Between March 1996 and September 1999, 490 patients (aged 61±9 years, 20% female) underwent complete arterial CABG. Left ventricular ejection fraction ranged from 15% to 85% (mean 59±15%). Triple-vessel disease was present in 88% of the patients. The incidence of diabetes mellitus was 32% (14% insulin dependent). Either both internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) (23%) or the left ITA and radial artery (77%) were used as conduits. In 85% of the patients, a T graft was created. Mean operating time was 198±46 minutes; bypass time, 82±25 minutes; and ischemic time, 58±22 minutes. Two to 7 (mean 4.1±0.9) anastomoses were performed per patient. Perioperative intra-aortic balloon pump was necessary in 12 patients (2.4%). The rate of perioperative myocardial infarction was 1.2%. Sternal complications occurred in 1.0%, and in-hospital mortality was 2.2%. Postoperative coronary angiography in 172 patients (35%) documented excellent patency rates (left ITA 98.3%, right ITA 96.5%, and radial artery 96.6%). Conclusions —Complete arterial revascularization in multivessel CAD is possible with the use of only 2 grafts with good perioperative results. This approach allows for complete arterial CABG on a routine basis.
Second lnternational Workshop on Membranes in Tumor Growth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Second lnternational Workshop on Membranes in Tumor Growth Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 2, February 1985, Page 542, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.2.542-a Published: 01 February 1985
Lead absorption by children of battery workers
Authors: L. A. O'Tuama
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The letter from Israel and Olson (240:1585, 1978) describing congestive heart failure with vinblastine sulfate in a patient previously treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride was of great interest to us. It was mentioned in the letter that recently the patient was treated with mitomycin and vinblastine. It was not clear whether the patient received vinblastine and mitomycin simultaneously or sequentially. It was suggested that vinblastine might have exacerbated doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage. Although vinblastine might have been the causal agent in this instance, the authors should clarify the temporal relationship of congestive heart failure and mitomycin therapy, because mitomycin could have played a role in precipitating this episode. Mitomycin has been reported to be cardiotoxic<sup>1</sup>and has also recently been shown to potentiate the subclinical damage induced by doxorubicin.<sup>2</sup>
Pediatric Health Aspects of PBBs
Authors: Mason Barr
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Many Michigan farm children are viewed as having suffered a deterioration in health coincident with contamination of dairy cattle by PBBs. Among Wisconsin dairy farm children such a deterioration was a rare event. There is a suggestion that Michigan farm children who had multiple symptoms during the 1973-76 period are getting better. A discrete syndrome of ill health has not been identified among Michigan farm children. The symptoms complained of indicate a disruption of various physiological functions, including neurobehavioral, gastrointestinal and immunological. Children from quarantined farms do not have a higher prevalence of multiple symptoms than those from nonquarantined farms.
Single-lung transplants to resume soon with cyclosporin A therapy
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The first human single-lung transplant in which cyclosporin A is used as an immunosuppressive agent probably will be performed sometime this year. The likely surgeon? Frank J. Veith, MD, chief of vascular surgery and director of the transplant program at Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center, Bronx, NY, who attempted five lung transplants between 1969 and 1973. In a recent interview with<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS, Veith conceded that his team is ready and in effect has the green light from the Food and Drug Administration and Sandoz, Inc, maker of cyclosporin A. However, he added: "I think we'll have to wait at least six months to get a suitable donor." Thirty-eight human single-lung transplants were attempted between June 11, 1963, when James D. Hardy, MD, performed the first one, and May 13, 1977, when a team from the University of Toronto performed the last reported one. All 38 were performed before cyclosporin
Observations on the Caesarean Section and on Other Obstetric Operations
Authors: T. Radford
Journal: BMJ (1865)

CHAPTER VIII.Syinphyseotomy and Ifechanical Dilatation.I HAVE now to speak of two propositions intended to supersede the Cesarean section, and which cannot be included under either of the former divisions.I.-Symphyseotomy.Symphyseotomy, or a divi- sion of the cartilages constituting the symphysis pubis, was advocated by Sigault,
Job Performance Deficits Due to Depression
Authors: David A. Adler, Thomas J. McLaughlin, William H. Rogers, Hong Chang, Leueen Lapitsky, Debra Lerner
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: This study assessed the relationship between depression severity and job performance among employed primary care patients. Method: In a 2001–2004 longitudinal observational study of depression’s affect on work productivity, 286 patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder and/or dysthymia were compared to 93 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis, a condition associated with work disability, and 193 depression-free healthy control subjects. Participants were employed at least 15 hours per week, did not plan to stop working, and had no major medical comorbidities. Measures at baseline, six, 12, and 18 months included the Work Limitations Questionnaire for work outcomes, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression. Results: At baseline and each follow-up, the depression group had significantly greater deficits in managing mental-interpersonal, time, and output tasks, as measured by the Work Limitations Questionnaire: The rheumatoid arthritis group’s deficits in managing physical job demands surpassed those of either the depression or comparison groups. Improvements in job performance were predicted by symptom severity. However, the job performance of even the “clinically improved” subset of depressed patients remained consistently worse than the control groups. Conclusions: Multiple dimensions of job performance are impaired by depression. This impact persisted after symptoms have improved. Efforts to reduce work-impairment secondary to depression are needed.
Different Patterns of Human Porphyria
Authors: T. K. With
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Those who support the concept of centrifugal flow in the cortex-point to the great rarity of arteries in the outer third, which have never been visually demonstrated even by writers who have diligently sought them out,7-9 despite the apparent ease with which they could be filled, if they existed.Professor Trueta in his article has claimed to demonstrate them by electron micro- scopy.His photographs, which presum- ably are his best, are printed as negatives, contrary to accepted practice, and are therefore difficult to assess, especially without benefit of technical details, such as mode of fixation and precise site of origin of the ultra-thin sections.In the knowledge that these are prone to arti- fact formation even in the best of hands, and open to misinterpretation, the interested reader will come to his own opinion as to their evidential value.Another technique used by Professor Trueta to show periosteal arteries in bone cortex, the tetracycline injection method and ultra-violet microscopy, gives, if anything, additional proof of the regular capillary nature of the vessels in compact bone, a fact in support of the centrifugal flow concept and anyway far better and more easily demonstrated by Indian ink perfusion.It is surprising that Professor Trueta should refrain from demonstrating periosteal arterial channels regularly passing into the outer cortex of normal bones, using the perfusion tech- nique of which he is rightly an acknow- ledged master.This should not be so difficult; even a small capillary is 5 /A in diameter and can be seen easily by medium power light microscopy.Until arterial channels are demonstrated to be a regular feature of the outer com- pactum, the concept of centrifugal flow in the cortex of long bones, as originally enunciated in 1957,' may be said to reflect the facts of cortical circulation better than the older view supported by Professor Trueta.-Iam, etc.,
Minerva Medica, Turin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CHOLECYSTECTOMY.
Authors: CLINTON CUSHING
Journal: JAMA (1899)

For the purpose of this paper it will be assumed that the gall-bladder is not necessary to the health or wellbeing of the individual, for many cases are now upon record where the gall-bladder has been removed and the patients remain in perfect health. That this should be so is quite reasonable when the anatomy and physiology of the bile passages are examined. The liver secretes in a person of average size about forty-two ounces of bile in twenty-four hours, or in other words, as much bile as urine. This bile passes off into the pylorus through the hepatic and common ducts, while a very small quantity, possibly half an ounce, backs through the cystic duct into the gall-bladder. So far as I am aware, no one has shown that the gall-bladder performs any physiologic function. Birch and Sprong report, in the<i>Journal of Physiology</i>, that in two patients upon
Cancer: The Basics
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Cancer: The Basics Cancer is a word applied to different types of abnormal, unhealthy cells that grow in an uncontrolled way in the body' s tissues.Cancer causes malignant tumors (abnormal growths) and loss of normal body organ function.The cancer cells can metastasize (spread) to nearby organs or can spread through the bloodstream or lymph system to other areas of the body, depending on the type of cancer involved and the severity of the disease.In addition to causing changes in and damaging the area where it started, cancer often causes other symptoms, such as fatigue, weight loss, anemia (low blood count), pain, weakness, depression, and shortness of breath, and it can be associated with infection.More than 11 million persons in the United States have cancer.Worldwide, more than 12 million individuals are diagnosed with cancer every year.Health care professionals involved in cancer care include oncologists and hematologists (doctors with specialized education and training in treating cancer and diseases of the bloodstream), surgeons of different specialties including surgical oncologists (who focus on surgical management of cancer), radiation oncologists (doctors with specialized training in using x-ray therapy to treat cancer), and nurses with special expertise in cancer care.The October 13, 2010, issue of JAMA includes an article about cancer screening among patients with advanced cancer.This Patient Page is based on one previously published in the March 17, 2010, issue of JAMA.
A prospective study of prolonged central venous access in leukemia
Authors: J. L. Abrahm
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A three-year prospective study was conducted to evaluate right atrial silicone elastomer catheters for long-term venous access in adults with acute leukemia. Objectives included establishing the safety of catheter insertion in thrombocytopenic patients and the feasibility of maintaining the catheter during septicemia. Seventy-one catheters were placed in 57 consecutive patients entering intensive leukemia therapy. Excessive bleeding occurred at three catheter insertion sites. Eight catheter-related infections occurred. In 34 of 36 noncatheter-related and two catheterrelated bacteremias, catheters were left in place with intensive monitoring. In 20, bacteremia cleared. Fourteen patients died; in eight autopsies, no evidence of catheter-related mortality was found. Catheters were in use 6,799 days, including 3,932 home use and 2,570 granulocytopenic days. The data indicate that thrombocytopenia does not preclude catheter insertion and that catheters can be safely maintained in septicemic granulocytopenic patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2868-2873)
Reply: Reduction of Airway Smooth Muscle Mass by Bronchial Thermoplasty in Patients with Severe Asthma
Authors: Michel Aubier, Marina Pretolani, Pascal Chanez, Gabriel Thabut, Marie-Pierre Debray, Camille Taille, Dominique Knap, Fatima Hamidi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)
Cessation of gout following portacaval shunt
Authors: A. M. Lefkovits
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A portacaval shunt was required when cirrhosis of the liver and, subsequently, bleeding from esophageal varices developed in a 67-year-old man who had chronic tophaceous gout of at least 11 years' duration with frequent episodes of acute gouty arthritis. Since the shunt procedure, the patient has had no acute gouty arthritic attacks and has remained normouricemic without treatment.
Neuroradiological Topics
Authors: J. Bull
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MEDIBALOURNALthe clinical applications (though these are not neglected) but also in generous measure the fundamentals of these sciences.Thus, the first chapter deals at some length with the basic physiology of the heart, the mechanism of the coronary circulation, the control of blood pressure, the methods of assessing heart performance, and the inter- pretation of electrocardiographs.This is followed by sections dealing with the distur- bances of function resulting from heart diseases and those brought about by surgical attack on the heart.Other chapters deal similarly with the physiology of the respira- tory, alimentary, urinary, endocrine, and nervous systems, and with related questions of applied physiology.There are also chap- ters on genetics in relation to clinical medi- cine, on allergy and immunity, and on the physical and chemical basis of cancer chemo- therapy.Naturally, the fluid balance receives full attention, and there are good accounts of the physiology of haematopoiesis, of the metabolism of iron, of the serum proteins, and of defects of haemostasis.Altogether the book contains nearly a hun- dred sections by 130 contributors, the majority British surgeons, with some physi- cians and laboratory workers, and a small but distinguished group of surgeons from the United States and Canada.The writing is vigorous, succinct, and lucid and the general standard of presentation is uniformly high.
Locked Twins
Authors: D. S. Greig
Journal: BMJ (1946)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA MEDICALTIJOURNA 13 removed from both sides.On July 30 all the wounds were dry and he was allowed up.No obvious change for the worse had occurred in his mental condition.Skiagrams of the skull revealed a gap in the frontal bone measuring 3 in.by 2 in.(7.5 x 5 cm).
INEBRIETY.
Authors: T. D. Crothers
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Hartford, Conn., Jan. 22. <h3>My Dear Doctor:</h3> —The enclosed inquiries are addressed to you by the American Association for the Cure of Inebriates, which was organized in 1870 for the purpose of studying the nature and causes of inebriety from a purely scientific standpoint. The purpose of these questions is to gather the practical experience and observation of leading members of the medical profession, as a basis for a more accurate knowledge of the nature and character of inebriety. Full answers to these inquiries and other facts relating to this subject are most earnestly solicited, and will be fully credited to each reporter. The results of this investigation will be sent to each one free when published. Trusting to hear from you soon, I am with thanks, very truly yours, 1. Can you give any facts from observation bearing on the heredity of inebriety; particularly as to the presence of insanity,