tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A3.17 Synovial Fibroblasts Directly Induce Th17 Pathogenicity via the Cyclooxygenase/Prostaglandin-E<sub>2</sub>Pathway, Independent of IL-23
Authors: Sandra MJ Paulissen, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Nadine Davelaar, Patrick S Asmawidjaja, Johanna MW Hazes, Erik Lubberts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Th17 cells are critically involved in autoimmune disease induction and severity. Recently, we showed that Th17 cells, but not Th1 cells, from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) upon interaction with RA-synovial-fibroblasts (RASF) directly induced autocrine IL-17A production. This autocrine IL-17A production in turn creates a pro-inflammatory loop characterised by up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and the cartilage degrading enzymes MMP-1 and MMP-3. This loop may be an important pathway in the progression of an early inflammatory arthritis, towards a chronic destructive arthritis. However, the mechanism underlying the autocrine IL-17A production in the pro-inflammatory loop upon Th17-RASF interaction is currently unknown. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the mechanism responsible for the autocrine IL-17A induction upon Th17-RASF interaction. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> CD4+CD45RO+CCR6+ (Th17) and CD4+CD45RO+CCR6- (Th1) cells were isolated by FACS sorting from healthy controls and early RA patients. These cells were co-cultured with RASF, in the presence of neutralising antibodies directed against soluble IL-6R (anti-sIL-6R), and/or IL-1β, and/or IL-23, etanercept, and celecoxib. Gene expression profiles were generated and supernatant was collected for cytokine analyses by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> IL-6, IL-1β and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions and prostaglandin-E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) production in Th17-RASF cultures were higher than in Th1-RASF cultures. Cytokine neutralisation showed that IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-23 contributed marginally to the IL-17A induction. In contrast, treatment with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibiter, resulted in significantly lower PGE<sub>2</sub> and IL-17A production. This effect was IL-17A specific as no inhibitory effects were found on IFN-γ and TNF-α production. Combined celecoxib and TNF-α blockade more effectively suppressed the pro-inflammatory loop than did single treatment, as shown by lower IL-6, IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-3 production. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These findings show a critical role for the COX-2/PGE<sub>2</sub> pathway in driving Th17-mediated synovial inflammation in an IL-23 and monocyte independent manner. Therefore, it would be important to control PGE<sub>2</sub> in chronic inflammation in RA and other Th17-mediated autoimmune disorders.
Experts hold hope for obesity treatments targeted to specific regulatory miscues
Authors: C. A. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1986)

"THE TREATMENT of obesity remains a puzzling challenge," says Bernard Guy-Grand, MD, of the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris (hospital), France. Furthermore, physicians "must expect failure" when they administer treatments "without understanding the [specific defect in] physiology underlying the problem." Guy-Grand's comments reflect some of the frustration felt by clinicians who try to help their patients lose weight, only to see anywhere from 75% to 95% of them regain the lost pounds (see Bray GA (ed):<i>Obesity in America</i>. US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare, 1979.) They also suggest a feeling among obesity specialists that perhaps some new approaches to treatment are in order. William Bennett, MD, editor of the<i>Harvard Medical School Health Letter</i>, Boston, thinks that "we ought to abandon a cure model for obesity in favor of a rehabilitation model. [This would focus] not on improving weight, but on the composition of the diet, changing lipid levels, etc."
Experimental Studies on Toxicity of Ethylene Glycol Alkyl Ethers in Japan
Authors: Kasuke Nagano, Eiki Nakayama, Hisao Oobayashi, Tomoshi Nishizawa, Hirokazu Okuda, Kazunori Yamazaki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Past studies on the toxicological effects of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers as well as the recent data on these chemicals in Japan are reviewed. Only a few researchers have participated in the study of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers in Japan. The effects of ethylene glycol alkyl ethers on testis and embryotoxic effects of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGM) have been studied, as has the teratogenicity of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (EGdM). Studies on ethylene glycol alkyl ethers and related compounds administered to mice by oral gavage revealed the occurrence of testicular atrophy and decreased white blood cell count by EGM, EGdM, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, and the toxicity was related to their chemical structure. On the other hand, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monoacetate or ethylene glycol diacetate showed no such an effect. Studies on EGM using hamsters or guinea pigs revealed the occurrence of testicular atrophy similar to that observed in mice. In regard to the methyl ethers of other glycols, there is no convincing evidence that propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether causes testicular atrophy in mice. Teratological studies of EGM and EGdM revealed embryotoxic effects in mice.
The Banana Again
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mountains and medicine
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation
Authors: Vineet Chopra
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters15 June 2010Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular EvaluationVineet Chopra, MD, James B. Froehlich, MD, and Kim A. Eagle, MDVineet Chopra, MDFrom University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.Search for more papers by this author, James B. Froehlich, MDFrom University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.Search for more papers by this author, and Kim A. Eagle, MDFrom University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-12-201006150-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Brett says that several of our coauthors are responsible for the “throttling forward” of perioperative care because they served on ACC/AHA guideline writing committees. Although earlier iterations of the guidelines may now seem more testing-friendly, dozens of experts from around the world compiled these guidelines from the evidence available at the time. These data were derived largely from retrospective, observational studies that lacked the depth of prospective trials, the advantages of blinding, and the obvious benefits of randomization. In our article, for example, we describe how the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (an analysis by one of our ...References1. Eagle KA, Rihal CS, Mickel MC, Holmes DR, Foster ED, Gersh BJ. Cardiac risk of noncardiac surgery: influence of coronary disease and type of surgery in 3368 operations. CASS Investigators and University of Michigan Heart Care Program. Coronary Artery Surgery Study. Circulation. 1997;96:1882-7. [PMID: 9323076] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Chopra V, Eagle KA. Perioperative beta-blockers for cardiac risk reduction: time for clarity. JAMA. 2010;303:551-2. [PMID: 20145232] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPerioperative Practice: Time to Throttle Back Vineet Chopra , Scott A. Flanders , James B. Froehlich , Wei C. Lau , and Kim A. Eagle Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation Allan S. Brett Metrics 15 June 2010Volume 152, Issue 12Page: 824-825KeywordsConflicts of interestCoronary arteriesObservational studiesReasoningRevascularizationSurgery ePublished: 15 June 2010 Issue Published: 15 June 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Law in Its Relation to Physicians.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transcription and DNA Damage: A Link to a Kink
Authors: David A. Scicchitano, Isabel Mellon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Living organisms are constantly exposed to a variety of naturally occurring and man-made chemical and physical agents that pose threats to health by causing cancer and other illnesses, as well as cell death.One mechanism by which these moieties can exert their toxic effects is by inducing modifications to the genome.Such changes in DNA often result in the formation of nucleotides not normally found in the double helix, bases containing covalent chemical alterations, singleand double-strand breaks, and interstrand and intrastrand cross-links.When these lesions are present during replication, mutations often result in the newly synthesized DNA.Likewise, when such damage occurs in a gene, transcription elongation, and hence expression, can be adversely affected because of pausing or arresting of the RNA polymerase at or near the altered site; this could result in the synthesis of a defective RNA molecule.It has become increasingly clear that transcription and DNA damage are intimately linked, since the removal of certain adducts from the genome is highly dependent on their location: When such lesions are present on the transcribed strand of actively expressed genetic loci, they are better cleared from that strand when compared to the complementary DNA or other quiescent regions.This process is called transcription-coupled DNA repair, and it modulates the mutagenic spectrum of many DNA-damaging agents.Furthermore, based upon evidence from systems in which it is absent, this process has a profound effect on ameliorating the adverse consequences of exposure to many environmentally relevant genotoxins.The precise cellular pathway that mediates the preferential clearance of DNA damage from active genetic loci has not yet been established, but it appears to be effected by a repertoire of proteins that are also involved in other DNA repair pathways and transcription as well as some factors that might be unique to it.Because a cellular process as indispensable as gene expression can be thwarted by the presence of DNA damage, an understanding of the mechanism underlying transcription-coupled DNA repair is relevant to the continued discernment of how environmental genotoxins endanger human health.
Chemistry: Inorganic and Organic
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ANTAGONISTIC DISEASES
Authors: A. L. d'Abreu
Journal: BMJ (1932)

I MEDICAL JOURNALwhich allows infection to progress to actual disease, either by failing to inhibit the growth of the tubercle bacillus and its toxins, or by encouraging that growth?The search for this " something " need not be confined to the bacteriologist.WVe are a long way from abolishing infection (at any rate by the human bacillus),.so must we not look rather towards finiding a specific method of increasing the resistance of the human body to that infection?-Iam, etc., Stepney, El, Feb. 29th.
ST. GEORGE'S HOSPITAL: ANEURISM TREATED BY PRESSURE, ILLUSTRATED BY A SERIES OF CASES
Authors: T. Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1856)

the care of Mr. Hewett, on account of popliteal aneur- ism on the right side.It seemed from her history that she had been conscious of pain down the calf of that leg, and of some difficulty in walking, for seven months; but that it was not till nine days before her admission (January 10th) that she had noticed a pulsating tumour in this ham.She had been working hard, but was not aware of any particular cause for the appearance of the Vneurism.At the time of her admission, the latter was about the size of a large walnut, having a very distinct
Das Augenzittern als Gehirnstrahlung.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The role of polyneuropathy in motor convalescence after prolonged mechanical ventilation
Authors: F. S. Leijten
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To test the hypothesis that prolonged motor recovery after long-term ventilation may be due to polyneuropathy and can be foreseen at an early stage by electromyography (EMG). <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort study with an entry period of 18 months. Polyneuropathy was identified by EMG studies in the intensive care unit (ICU). During a 1-year follow-up, amount of time was recorded to reach a rehabilitation end point. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The general ICU of a community hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Fifty patients younger than 75 years who were receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —A rehabilitation end point was defined as return of normal muscle strength and ability to walk 50 m independently. <h3>Results.</h3> —In 29 of 50 patients, an EMG diagnosis of polyneuropathy was made in the ICU. Patients with polyneuropathy had a higher mortality in the ICU (14 vs 4;<i>P</i>=.03), probably related to multiple organ failure (22 vs 11;<i>P</i>=.08) or aminoglycoside treatment of suspected gram-negative sepsis (17 vs 4;<i>P</i>=.05). Rehabilitation was more prolonged in 12 patients with polyneuropathy than in 12 without polyneuropathy (<i>P</i>=.001). Of nine patients with delays beyond 4 weeks, eight had polyneuropathy, five of whom had persistent motor handicap after 1 year. In particular, axonal polyneuropathy with conduction slowing on EMG indicated a poor prognosis. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Polyneuropathy in the critically ill is related to multiple organ failure and gram-negative sepsis, is associated with higher mortality, and causes important rehabilitation problems. EMG recordings in the ICU can identify patients at risk. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1221-1225)
SINGLE SIROLIMUS- VERSUS PACLITAXEL-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION WITH KISSING BALLOON TECHNIQUE IN THE TREATMENT OF NON-LEFT MAIN BIFURCATION
Authors: Masahiro Yamawaki, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Motoharu Araki, Shinya Sasaki, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Ikki Komatsu, Takuro Takama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Incorrect Surgery Identified
Authors: David Kindig
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Daniel A. Barocas, MD, MPH; JoAnn Alvarez, MA; Matthew J. Resnick, MD, MPH; Tatsuki Koyama, PhD; Karen E. Hoffman, MD, MHSc, MPH; Mark D. Tyson, MD; Ralph Conwill, BS; Dan McCollum, BS; Matthew R. Cooperberg, MD, MPH; Michael Goodman, MD, MPH; Sheldon Greenfield, MD; Ann S. Hamilton, PhD, MA; Mia Hashibe, PhD, MPH; Sherrie H. Kaplan, PhD, MS, MPH; Lisa E. Paddock, PhD, MPH; Antoinette M. Stroup, PhD; Xiao-Cheng Wu, MD, MPH; David F. Penson, MD, MPH
Bone Lead Measured by X-Ray Fluorescence: Epidemiologic Methods
Authors: Howard Hu, Antonio Aro, Andrea Rotnitzky
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

In vivo X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement of bone lead concentration (XRF) has emerged as an important technique for future epidemiological studies of long-term toxicity.Several issues germane to epidemiologic methodology need to be addressed, however.First, sources of variability in measurements of bone lead need to be quantified, including imprecision related to the physical measurement itself and the variability of lead deposi- tion over the two main compartments of bones (cortical vs. trabecular) and within each compartment.Imprecision related to the physical measure- ment can be estimated for each individual measurement based on the variability of the signal and background.Second, approaches to low-level data need to be debated.We argue for using the minimal detection limit (MDL) to compare instruments and interpret individual measurements; how- ever, with regard to epidemiologic studies, we would abandon the MDL in favor of using all point estimates.In analyses using bone lead as an inde- pendent variable, statistical techniques can be used to adjust regression estimates based on estimates of measurement uncertainty and bone lead variability.Third, factors that can be expected to modify the relationship between bone lead and toxicity such as gravida history, endocrinological states, nutrition, and other important influences on bone metabolism, need to be identified and measured in epidemiologic studies.By addressing these issues, investigators will be able to maximize the utility of XRF measurements in environmental epidemiologic studies.-
International Symposium on Gynecologic Oncology, Surgery, and Urology
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

International Symposium on Gynecologic Oncology, Surgery, and Urology Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 71, Issue 3, September 1983, Page 649, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/71.3.649-b Published: 01 September 1983