tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PEANUTS AS FOOD
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemic lung cancer in women
Authors: J. W. Meigs
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Only 40 years ago, the cause of lung cancer was completely unknown except in a few cases of occupational exposure.<sup>1</sup>As our recognition grew that smoking is the predominant cause of lung cancer in men, we unfortunately accepted the concurrent rarity of lung cancer among women as evidence that they were resistant to the disease. Our society remains ambivalent about smoking. A cigarette advertisement encourages women to seek "liberation" by smoking. It shows a young, glamorous woman with a long cigarette and says: "You've come a long way, baby." As recently as 1930, only 2% of women 18 years of age and older were smokers, when nearly 30 times as many men had the habit.<sup>2</sup>Times have changed. A 1975 survey showed that teenage girls and young women smoked nearly as much as their male counterparts.<sup>3</sup>An epidemic of lung cancer among women was predicted five years
Life Sciences, Oxford
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Gerald M. Pohost
Journal: JAMA (1984)

UNTIL recently, the major clinical imaging modalities, with the exception of ultrasound, have employed ionizing radiation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), a physical phenomenon discovered in the 1940s and only recently applied to medicine, now allows high-resolution tomographic and three-dimensional imaging without ionizing radiation. In addition, this technology shows promise of allowing the evaluation of tissue pathological characteristics and the assessment of metabolic function noninvasively. Nuclear magnetic resonance was first applied as a spectroscopic technique by chemists to determine molecular structure. Subsequently, NMR spectroscopy was applied to biologic substances and systems. Recently developed methods allow NMR spectroscopic techniques to be applied to the intact animal or human noninvasively. Ten years ago, Lauterbur<sup>1</sup>described a method for obtaining images using the principles of NMR. With subsequent technical improvements, NMR images can now be generated with spatial resolution approaching that of x-ray computed tomography without the need for radio-opaque contrast medium and
The Role of Gene Therapy for Intimal Hyperplasia of Bypass Grafts
Authors: David G. Cable, James A. Caccitolo, Noel Caplice, Timothy O’Brien, Robert D. Simari, Richard C. Daly, Joseph A. Dearani, Charles J. Mullany, Thomas A. Orszulak, Hartzell V. Schaff
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Proliferation of the intima is an early lesion of saphenous vein graft disease. Early patency rates of radial artery grafts are acceptable, but little is known about their risk of intimal hyperplasia. Methods and Results —To develop a model of intimal hyperplasia, we incubated human saphenous veins, internal mammary arteries, and radial arteries (n=6, 8, and 10, respectively) in an organ culture with Rosewell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (30% serum) for 0, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days. Quantitative histological studies were performed, and the average intimal-to-medial (I/M) ratio was calculated for each incubation interval. After 10 and 14 days of culture, the I/M ratio increased in the saphenous veins ( P =0.03, P =0.04 versus 0 day, respectively). No significant increase occurred in the I/M ratio in either the internal mammary or radial arteries. Next, the ability of adenoviral gene transfers to inhibit intimal hyperplasia in the saphenous veins was evaluated. Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase significantly reduced the I/M ratio at 14 days compared with vehicle ( P =0.001) and virus ( P =0.004) controls. Conclusions —The human saphenous vein has a greater propensity for intimal hyperplasia than arterial grafts; the human radial artery behaves similarly to the internal mammary artery. In the future, gene therapy may augment nitric oxide synthase, limiting vein graft disease.
Sixth Annual Proceedings of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, held at Philadelphia, May 12, 13 and 14, 1896.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Femoral shaft fracture with sciatic nerve palsy
Authors: C. S. Neer
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Foster: A 4-year-old boy was brought to the emergency ward of the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center about one-half hour after he had been run over by a garbage truck. He had multiple abrasions, including one on his forehead, but it could not be ascertained whether he had been unconscious. Both thighs were tender and swollen and exhibited obvious deformities at the proximal third. The results of general physical and neurological examinations were within normal limits, except for a complete left sciatic nerve palsy as evidenced by absent motor function below the knee, absent left ankle jerk, and absent sensation over the lateral aspect of the calf and foot. The left knee jerk was intact, as was sensation over the medial aspect of the calf and foot in the distribution of the saphenous nerve. At the junction of the upper and middle thirds of the left thigh posteriorly, there was a
Residency Overwork
Authors: Laura A. Petersen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 May 1996Residency OverworkLaura A. Petersen, MD, MPH, Troyen A. Brennan, MD, JD, MPH, and Thomas H. Lee, MDLaura A. Petersen, MD, MPHBrockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center; West Roxbury, MA 02132Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02115Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author, Troyen A. Brennan, MD, JD, MPHBrockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center; West Roxbury, MA 02132Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02115Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author, and Thomas H. Lee, MDBrockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center; West Roxbury, MA 02132Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02115Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-10-199605150-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Green [1] reviewed the debate on the effects of residency work hours and discussed limitations on the hours worked in a given week, which are offset by night float and other types of cross-coverage arrangements. In his summary of the effects of these work-hour limitations and the relation between continuity of care and patient outcome, he states that no evidence suggests that improved patient outcome is related to continuity of resident care. However, in a case–control study controlling for clinical factors, we showed that preventable adverse events were strongly associated with cross-coverage [2]. Our results should ...References1. Green MJ. What (if anything) is wrong with residency overwork? Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:512-7. Google Scholar2. Petersen LA, Brennan TA, O'Neil AC, Cook EF, Lee TH. Does house-staff discontinuity of care increase the risk for preventable adverse events? Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:866-72. Google Scholar3. Petersen LA, Orav EJ, O'Neil AC, Teich JM, Brennan TA. Housestaff-based intervention increases continuity of inpatient care and prevents medical injuries [Abstract]. J Gen Intern Med. 1994; 9:63. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affairs Medical Center; West Roxbury, MA 02132Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02115Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1996Volume 124, Issue 10Page: 933KeywordsAdverse eventsInpatientsPatientsResidency Issue Published: 15 May 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Observations and Thoughts on Oligosaccharide Involvement in Malignancy
Authors: Ten Feizi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

This brief communication highlights some observations that have raised the possibility that the oligosaccharides of glycoproteins may have roles as ligands or recognition structures in cell growth regulation. The initial experience with a new technology designed for investigating roles of glycoprotein oligosaccharides as recognition structures is also discussed.
Abstract 1000: Dichotomous Roles Of TNF-α Receptors p55 And p75 In Acute Ischemia/reperfusion Injury And Late Ischemic Preconditioning
Authors: Michael P Flaherty, Yiru Guo, Xian-Liang Tang, Sumit Tiwari, Greg Hunt, Arash Rezazadeh, Roberto Bolli, Buddhadeb Dawn
Journal: Circulation (2007)

We have previously demonstrated that TNF-alpha signaling is critical for the development of protection afforded by the late phase of ischemic preconditioning (PC). In the current study, we investigated the roles of p55 (TNFR-I) and p75 (TNFR-II) in acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury as well as late PC. Wild-type (WT, B6 and B6,129 strains), TNF-a−/−, p55−/−, p75−/−, and p55−/−/p75−/− double-knockout mice underwent a 30-min coronary occlusion followed by 4 h of reperfusion with or without six cycles of coronary occlusion/reperfusion (O/R) 24 h earlier. Six cycles of O/R reduced infarct size 24 h later in B6 as well as B6,129 WT mice, indicating a rob ust late PC effect (Figure ). This infarct-sparing effect of late PC was abolished in the absence of TNF-a, p55, p75, and both p55/p75, indicating that TNF-a signaling is critical for the development of late PC protection; and that signaling via both p55 and p75 is necessary for the development of protection. In nonpreconditioned TNF-a−/− and p75−/− mice, infarct size was similar to that observed in strain-matched WT mice (Figure ). However, infarct size in nonpreconditioned p55−/− mice was reduced compared with nonpreconditioned WT mice (46.8 ± 2.8% vs. 63.4 ± 3.2%, P &lt; 0.05, Figure ). These observations were confirmed via linear regression analysis of myocardial risk region and infarct size. We conclude that nonredundant TNF-a signaling via both p55 and p75 is crucial for the development of late PC protection. However, the reduction in infarct size in naïve p55−/− mice indicates a deleterious role of this receptor during acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Passion for Poetry, Compassion for Others
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vandetanib plus docetaxel versus docetaxel as second-line treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A randomized, double-blind phase III trial (ZODIAC)
Authors: R. S. Herbst, Y. Sun, S. Korfee, P. Germonpré, N. Saijo, C. Zhou, J. Wang, P. Langmuir, S. J. Kennedy, B. E. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA8003 Background: Vandetanib is a once-daily oral inhibitor of VEGFR, EGFR and RET signaling. Addition of vandetanib to docetaxel (doc) prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in a randomized phase II study in patients (pts) with previously treated NSCLC (Heymach et al, JCO, 2007). Methods: The primary objective was to determine whether vandetanib 100 mg/day + doc 75 mg/m 2 every 21 days (max 6 cycles) prolonged PFS vs placebo + doc. Secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response rate (ORR), time to deterioration of symptoms (TDS) and safety. Efficacy and safety in females were assessed as a co-primary analysis population. Eligibility criteria included stage IIIB/IV NSCLC, PS 0–1, and previous first-line chemotherapy. Results: Between May 2006 and April 2008, 1,391 pts (mean age, 58 years; 30% female; 25% squamous; 10% brain mets) were randomized to vandetanib + doc (n=694) or placebo + doc (n=697). Baseline characteristics were similar in both arms. Median duration of follow-up was 12.8 months, with 87% patients progressed and 59% dead. Addition of vandetanib to doc showed a statistically significant improvement in PFS vs doc (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 97.58% CI 0.70–0.90; P&lt;0.001), and a similar advantage in females (HR 0.79; P=0.024). Significant advantages for vandetanib + doc were also seen for ORR (17% vs 10%, P&lt;0.001) and TDS (HR 0.78, P=0.002; FACT-L Lung Cancer Subscale). Overall survival showed a positive trend for vandetanib + doc that was not statistically significant (HR 0.91, 97.52% CI 0.78–1.07; P=0.196). The adverse event (AE) profile was consistent with that previously observed for vandetanib in NSCLC. Common AEs occurring more frequently in the vandetanib arm included diarrhea (42% vs 33%), rash (42% vs 24%) and neutropenia (32% vs 27%). Nausea (23% vs 32%), vomiting (16% vs 21%) and anemia (10% vs 15%) were less frequent in the vandetanib arm. The incidence of protocol-defined QTc prolongation was &lt;2% in pts receiving vandetanib. Conclusions: The study met its primary objective of PFS prolongation with vandetanib + doc vs doc. Vandetanib is the first oral targeted therapy in phase III trials to show significant evidence of clinical benefit when added to standard chemotherapy in NSCLC. [Table: see text]
Abstract 883: Elevated Epidermal Growth factor Receptor Phosphorylation Induces Resistance Artery Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Khalid Matrougui, Desiree I Palen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective: We previously showed that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation is a key mechanism in the regulation of resistance artery myogenic tone. Type 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular complications. We hypothesized that elevated EGFR phosphorylation contributes to resistance artery dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Methods and results: Type 2 diabetic db-/db- (diabetic) and non-diabetic db-/db+ (control) mice were treated with EGFR inhibitor (AG1478, 1 microM) for 2 weeks. Isolated coronary artery (CA) and mesenteric resistance artery (MRA) were mounted in an arteriograph. Pressure-induced myogenic tone (MT) was increased in MRA and CA from diabetic mice and normalized by AG1478 treatment. Phenylephrine-induced contraction and nitric oxide donor-induced relaxation were similar in all groups. Relaxation endothelium-dependent in response to shear-stress and acetylcholine of MRA and CA from diabetic mice were altered and associated with reduced eNOS expression and phosphorylation. The treatment of diabetic mice with AG1478 improved CA and MRA endothelial function and restored eNOS expression. Immunostaining and western blot analysis showed increased endothelial and SMC EGFR phosphorylation of MRA and coronary from diabetic mouse, which was reduced by AG1478 treatment. Primary cultured endothelial cells (EC), from resistance arteries, treated with high glucose for 48hrs showed an increase of EGFR phosphorylation associated with a decrease of eNOS expression and phosphorylation in response to calcium ionophore. Pretreatment of endothelial cells with AG1478 prevented the effect of high glucose. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the role of elevated EGFR phosphorylation in CA and MRA dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, EGFR should be a potential target for overcoming diabetic small arteries complications.
Abstract 35: Common Variants in the CRP Promoter are Associated with a High C-reactive Protein Level in Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Jae-Jung Kim, Sin Weon Yun, Jeong Jin Yu, Kyung Lim Yoon, Kyung-Yil Lee, Hong-Ryang Kil, Gi Beom Kim, Young Mi Hong, Gi Young Jang, Jong-Keuk Lee
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute self-limiting form of vasculitis that afflicts infants and children and manifests as fever and signs of mucocutaneous inflammation. Children with KD show various laboratory inflammatory abnormalities, such as elevations in their white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). We here performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 178 KD patients to identify the genetic loci that influence 10 important KD laboratory markers: WBC count, neutrophil count, platelet count, CRP, ESR, hemoglobin (Hb), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, and total protein. A total of 165 loci passed our arbitrary stage 1 threshold for replication ( p &lt; 1 * 10 -5 ). Of these, only 2 SNPs (rs12068753 and rs4786091) demonstrated a significant association with the CRP level in replication study of 473 KD patients ( p &lt; 0.05). The SNP located at the CRP locus (rs12068753) demonstrated the most significant association with CRP in KD patients (beta = 4.73 and p = 1.20 * 10 -6 according to the stage 1 GWAS; beta = 3.65 and p = 1.35 * 10 -8 according to the replication study; beta = 3.97 and p = 1.11 * 10 -13 according to combined analysis) and explained 8.1% of the phenotypic variation observed. However, this SNP did not demonstrate any significant association with CRP in the general population (beta = 0.37 and p = 0.1732) and only explained 0.1% of the phenotypic variation in this instance. Furthermore, rs12068753 did not affect the development of coronary artery lesions or intravenous immunoglobulin resistance in KD patients. These results indicate that common variants in the CRP promoter can play an important role in the CRP levels in KD.