tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Light therapies for acne: abridged Cochrane systematic review including GRADE assessments
Authors: J. Barbaric, R. Abbott, P. Posadzki, M. Car, L.H. Gunn, A.M. Layton, A. Majeed, J. Car
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition causing blackheads and whiteheads and red spots. Acne often leads to scarring, which is extremely difficult to treat. Acne can produce significant psychological and social problems, including lower self‐esteem, anxiety, depression and low mood. Many light‐based therapies have been tried for acne vulgaris, but their effectiveness and safety are unclear. Light therapies use light with different properties, such as wavelength and intensity. The exact mechanisms are still not fully understood, but three factors are considered crucial: light, photosensitizers (i.e. molecules that absorb and are then activated by light) and oxidative stress resulting from their activation. It is thought this oxidative stress helps to damage acne causing bacteria and prevent pores blocking. This study is a review looking at trials into light treatments for acne. The researchers found that high‐quality evidence on the use of light therapies for acne is lacking. There is moderate quality evidence of the usefulness of methyl aminolaevulinate photodynamic therapy (red light) and low quality evidence on the usefulness of aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (blue light) as standard treatments for moderate to severe acne. This review reinforces the need for standardized outcome measures (ways to define if a treatment is successful), larger studies of better quality and adequate reporting of future studies.
Weight loss and change in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) receiving standard care in real world clinical practice: TARGET-NASH
Authors: Andrew Moon, Stephanie Watkins, Miguel Malespin, Cheryl Schoen, L. Michael Weiss, Rohit Loomba, Paul J. Thuluvath, Rajender Reddy, A. Sidney Barritt, Arun Sanyal, Brent Tetri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Polycythemia Vera
Authors: George M. Pike
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

TreatmentErf23 lists twenty-four different treatments for polycythemia vera, few of which are in current use. Although no cure is available at present, and each method of treatment has its disadvantages, several measures are effective in prolonging life and reducing morbidity.Venesection has been used in the treatment of polycythemia vera for many years. It has the advantage of producing a rapid reduction in the red-cell mass, but the effect is temporary, the high platelet count is not affected, the tendency to thrombosis is not greatly reduced, and in elderly people circulatory collapse occasionally follows phlebotomy. The usual method of . . .
The spectrum of vitamin K deficiency
Authors: J. E. Ansell
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The coagulopathy induced by vitamin K deficiency commonly results from our lack of awareness of the clinical setting associated with vitamin K deficiency. Thirteen cases are reviewed to illustrate the clinical correlates most frequently observed. Dietary deficiency was always present, but concomitant antibiotic therapy was not an absolute requirement. The postoperative patient is at high risk, as is the patient with cancer or renal failure. Abnormal bleeding was common, but significant hemorrhage occurred only in postoperative patients. Factor assays were helpful and occasionally necessary to make the diagnosis, but a therapeutic trial with parenteral vitamin K was often enough to provide the right diagnosis. Greater awareness of this deficiency syndrome is necessary to avoid the serious morbidity that often results. (<i>JAMA</i>238:40-42, 1977)
HEAT REGULATION AND WATER EXCHANGE
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum: “Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Repeated Measures Analysis”
Authors: Kelly K. Ferguson, Thomas F. McElrath, Yin-Hsiu Chen, Bhramar Mukherjee, John D. Meeker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2019)

Within the LIFECODES birth cohort, the authors found that they were reverse-coding sex so that any results presented on female fetuses are actually representative of results in male fetuses, and vice versa.This resulted in two minor errors in this manuscript.In the first paragraph of the "Results" section, "More than half of infants were female (55%)" should read "More than half of infants were male (55%)."In the fourth paragraph of the "Results" section, "No statistically significant differences in oxidative stress biomarkers and few differences in urinary phthalate metabolites were observed by fetus sex (lower MiBP concentrations in mothers of female vs. male fetus)" should read "No statistically significant differences in oxidative stress biomarkers and few differences in urinary phthalate metabolites were observed by fetus sex (lower MiBP concentrations in mothers of male vs. female fetuses)."The authors regret these errors.
ULCER OF OF THE BLADDER (HUNNER TYPE)
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pediatric injuries in the back of pickup trucks
Authors: P. F. Agran
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Travel in the back of pickup trucks has not been adequately addressed as an occupant protection issue. This study compares injuries sustained by children riding in the back of pickup trucks with those of children riding in the cab. Data were obtained from a multihospital monitoring system and the coroner in a single urban county. The series of injured children consisted of 290 children 0 through 14 years of age, 201 of whom had been riding in the cab and 89 in the back. Age distribution of the children demonstrated that it is most frequently the 10- to 14-year-olds who travel in the back. Children riding in the back were more frequently injured in noncrash events (absence of a collision), had more ejections, had more injuries, and sustained more severe injuries as measured by the Maximum Injury Score. With increased restraint use in the cab, it is likely that even greater differentials in injury severity and patterns would be realized. Education regarding the hazards of travel in the back of pickups and stronger legislation limiting the transport of children in the back of trucks are recommended. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:712-716)
Reuse of twin-coil disposable artificial kidneys with their priming blood
Authors: M. Tchetchik
Journal: JAMA (1966)

HEMODIALYSIS is a well-established treatment for acute<sup>1</sup>as well as for chronic uremia.<sup>2,3</sup>The era of hemodialysis at home is just beginning. In a renal transplantation program, hemodialysis prepares the recipient for operation and treats the anuria which usually follows the use of cadaver kidneys.<sup>4-6</sup> Twin-coil kidneys<sup>7</sup>have several advantages: ease and speed of assembly, the short time required for dialysis, and the elimination of postdialysis cleaning. Their major disadvantages are the high cost of disposable parts and the large amount of blood necessary for priming. Expense is greatly lessened when disposable kidneys and their contained blood can be reused. Great care should be taken to return the used coil to the same patient who used it previously. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> Two types of twin-coil kidneys were used, designated here as A and B. Type A is an ordinary twincoil kidney with approximately 11 meters of
Effect of educational outreach to nurses on tuberculosis case detection and primary care of respiratory illness: pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The small number not followed up differed from the overall group but because of the paired design, this does not compromise study validity.Although the numbers enrolled from Northern Ireland were small, they were sufficient to detect significant changes. Implications of findingsThe smoke-free workplace law in the Republic of Ireland seems to have provided protection for one of the most heavily exposed occupational groups.The increase in support for the law in the Republic since its introduction, even among smokers, underpins its effectiveness. 12These findings have implications for legislators in other countries currently considering smoke-free workplace legislation.
Current gastroenterology
Authors: L A Turnberg
Journal: Gut (1985)

<h3>Background</h3> Our Paediatric Emergency Department (ED) follows a local, multi-specialty designed guideline for the investigation of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). All children and young people (CYP) presenting with a first proven, or otherwise previously uninvestigated, UTI undergo routine outpatient urinary tract ultrasound (US) imaging. This pathway deviates from National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance which recommends that children over six months old only undergo imaging if their UTI is atypical or recurrent. The primary aim of this project was to establish the proportion of those undergoing imaging who had a urinary tract abnormality (pre-existing or resultant) requiring specialist referral. We then appraised whether the yield from our investigation pathway justified deviation from NICE guidance. <h3>Method</h3> A retrospective service evaluation was conducted for the period 1 May 2016 to 30 April 2019. Inclusion criteria: all ED-requested US for patients aged 6 months and over with a documented first proven or previously uninvestigated UTI. Exclusion criteria: CYP under six months old; duplicate requests; previous US for UTI; pre-existing UTI follow-up; known pre-existing nephro-urological condition; US indication unrelated to UTI. Patients were identified using the Trust radiology system, with a review of the ED documentation and radiology reports. Reported abnormalities were reviewed against our guideline’s agreed criteria for specialist referral, to determine if follow-up planning was appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> 358 Urinary Tract US were requested during the study period, 161 of which were requested in line with the local UTI guideline. 5 (3.1%) US were not attended but were included in an intention to investigate analysis. 35 (21.7%) patients had nephro-urological abnormalities identified that were referred for general paediatric, urology or nephrology follow-up. An additional 15 (9.3%) patients had US findings that may also have warranted nephro-urological follow-up, giving a potential 50 (31.1%) patients with abnormalities detected outside of NICE guidance. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Up to 31% of patients investigated with US during the three year study period had an abnormality detected that would have remained unidentified if practicing within NICE guidance. Routine US offers a non-invasive, low-risk, low-cost investigative tool to identify nephro-urological abnormalities earlier, improving safety and quality of patient care.
Staphylococcic endocarditis
Authors: E. L. Quinn
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The sixfold increased incidence of staphylococcic endocarditis since 1953 was due to cases caused by penicillin-G-resistant strains. On the basis of this change in the staphylococcus and other clinical and laboratory findings, the patients were classified into three groups: acute bacterial endocarditis, due to coagulase-positive staphylococci which were usually resistant to penicillin; subacute bacterial endocarditis, due to coagulase-negative organisms sensitive to penicillin; and, postcardiotomy endocarditis, usually due to coagulase-negative strains that were resistant to penicillin. Treatment with the new semisynthetic penicillins gave much more favorable results than with the older antibiotics. Administration of large amounts of the antibiotic for at least six weeks was essential.
Treatment of phenobarbital overdose with activated charcoal
Authors: M. J. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Patients with phenobarbital overdose who are treated only with supportive care may remain comatose for several days because of the long elimination half-life of phenobarbital. We treated two patients with phenobarbital overdoses with the nasogastric administration of multiple doses of activated charcoal. This safe therapy markedly shortened both the elimination half-life of phenobarbital and the duration of coma in these patients. If all such patients respond similarly, we believe that the nasogastric administration of multiple doses of activated charcoal is the method of choice to accelerate the elimination of phenobarbital from the body. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2400-2401)
Errata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

On page 17, under the heading, "Alpha Gene Status," paragraph three reads:As shown on Table II, the coinheritance of the -3.7 deletion with Hb SC disease significantly reduced MCV and MCH whereas erythrocytes, white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets were increased.In order for the text to agree with the findings of Table II, the paragraph should read as follows:As shown on Table II, the coinheritance of the -3.7 deletion with Hb SC disease significantly reduced MCV and MCH whereas erythrocytes, white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets were decreased.The authors regret this error.
AMEBIC DYSENTERY
Authors: Frank J. Leibly
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, November 18, attention was called to the present widespread dissemination of amebiasis. These reports will unquestionably stimulate a careful search for Endamoeba histolytica and, where it is found, call for treatment. Emetine, no doubt, will be one of the drugs used. Attention is drawn to an article I published in the<i>American Journal of the Medical Sciences</i>(<b>129</b>:834 [June] 1930) in which I reported a case of fatal emetine poisoning due to cumulative action. The dose had been considered considerably less than the established minimal lethal dose. The conclusions I reached after a comprehensive survey of the literature were as follows: There is no established method of administration of emetine that can be accepted with impunity. The drug, being a protoplasmic poison, acts on the host as well as on the parasite. Conclusions drawn from laboratory animals, owing to differences of species and
<i>Circulation:</i> Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2012)

We evaluated data on blacks and whites with acute ST-segmentelevation myocardial infarction treated with either fibrinolysis or primary percutaneous coronary intervention from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI)-4 and -5 participating centers between July 2000 and December 2006 to determine race-related differences in bleeding and outcomes.We found that among patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction receiving fibrinolysis, the bleeding rates were higher for blacks (nϭ2283) than whites (nϭ42 243; 10.9% versus 10.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.43).Similarly, in patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention, the bleeding rates were higher in blacks (nϭ2826) than whites (nϭ46 332; 10.3% versus 7.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.56).Bleeding was associated with a higher risk of death in both ethnic groups.However, there was no overall racial difference in in-hospital mortality among those with bleeding or without bleeding treated with either fibrinolysis or primary percutaneous coronary intervention.We concluded that race-related differences existed in bleeding risk among patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction receiving reperfusion therapy that portend poor prognosis.Thus, the efficacy and safety of many new drugs or treatment strategies for any disease observed in clinical trials that enroll predominantly white patients may not be similar in other ethnic groups that are underrepresented in these trials.See p 1727.
Abstract 3551: Dysregulation in microprocessor processing of a primary miRNA, mir-21, leads to downregulation of a tumor suppressor, GHR, progressing hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Seokju Park, Hee Doo Yang, Jwawon Seo, Seokwoo Nam, Jin-Wu Nam
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Improper miRNA biogenesis produces the 5’ variants of miRNA with a shifted seed region (also called isomiRs). Although the presence of stably abundant isomiRs were repeatedly reported, it is still unclear whether the generation of isomiRs results either from the mistake of microprocessor or from the regulation by other intrinsic or extrinsic factors, and whether the isomiRs participate in critical cellular processes, particularly in cancer progress. Here, we performed both high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) from 75 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal samples (fresh frozen) of Korean HCC cohort. Combined analysis with other publicly available sequencing data, showed that although the expression signatures of isomiRs largely follow those of canonical ones, the relative abundance of some isomiRs are dynamically changed over cancer progression, forming new isomiR-target interactions. Particularly, the biogenesis of highly abundant miR-21 is dysregulated by interaction with HNRNPC to primary mir-21 during cancer progress, producing relatively more isomiR-21-5p in HCC. Introducing isomiR-21-5p mimic or antagomir against isomiR-21-5p, and the dysregulation of HNRNPC expression perturbed the relative abundance of isomiR-21-5p, leading to dysregulation of miRNA targeting on a tumor suppressor gene, GHR, and affecting cancer progress. Our study not only describes that isomiR-21-5p is an independent prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target of HCC but also presents that the production of isomiRs is tightly regulated by other extrinsic factors in cells. Citation Format: Seokju Park, Hee Doo Yang, Jwawon Seo, Seokwoo Nam, Jin-Wu Nam. Dysregulation in microprocessor processing of a primary miRNA, mir-21, leads to downregulation of a tumor suppressor, GHR, progressing hepatocellular carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3551.
Amer J of Digestive Disease, New York
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal