tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum bilirubin levels in the U.S. Population: Gender effect and inverse correlation with colorectal cancer
Authors: Stephen D. Zucker, Paul S. Horn, Kenneth E. Sherman
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Bilirubin, the primary end product of heme catabolism, is a key marker of liver and hematological disorders, and important cytoprotective properties have been ascribed to this bile pigment. The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a comprehensive assessment of health and nutrition in the United States, was analyzed to determine the demographics and correlates of serum bilirubin levels in the general population. Men and women aged 17 and older were included in the weighted analysis, representing a total of 176,748,462 subjects. The mean serum total bilirubin in the adult population is 0.62 ± 0.003 mg/dL (SEM), with a 97.5% cut-off of 1.4 mg/dL. Serum bilirubin levels are significantly higher in men (0.72 ± 0.004) than in women (0.52 ± 0.003 mg/dL) and are lower in non-Hispanic blacks (0.55 ± 0.005 mg/dL) compared with non-Hispanic whites (0.63 ± 0.004 mg/dL) and Mexican Americans (0.61 ± 0.005 mg/dL). Bilirubin concentrations are unrelated to body weight but are reduced in active smokers. Individuals with a history of nondermatological malignancy exhibit significantly lower serum bilirubin concentrations compared with those who do not have a history of nondermatological cancer. In particular, each 1-mg/dL increase in serum bilirubin is associated with a markedly decreased prevalence of colorectal cancer (OR = 0.257; 95% CI 0.254-0.260). In conclusion, serum bilirubin levels vary significantly with gender, race, and smoking status. The observed inverse correlation between serum bilirubin concentrations and a history of nondermatological malignancy, particularly colorectal cancer, warrants further investigation of a potentially important chemopreventive function of bilirubin. (Hepatology 2004;40:827-835).
Agency Policy on Industry-Supported CME
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endothelium-derived Toll-like receptor-4 is the key molecule in LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration into lungs
Authors: Graciela Andonegui, Claudine S. Bonder, Francis Green, Sarah C. Mullaly, Lori Zbytnuik, Eko Raharjo, Paul Kubes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

The rapid and selective accumulation of neutrophils into the lungs is thought to underlie the pulmonary failure that leads to sepsis-related death. In this study we investigated whether neutrophil TLR4 is important in LPS-induced pulmonary neutrophil recruitment by creating chimeric mice (transferring bone marrow between TLR4+/+ and TLR4–/– mice). In TLR4+/+ mice receiving TLR4–/– bone marrow, 6 weeks after transplant TLR4 was absent in all circulating leukocytes as well as in resident macrophages (these mice were termed LeukocyteTLR4–/–), and these cells were completely nonresponsive to LPS. In TLR4–/– mice receiving TLR4+/+ bone marrow, endothelial cells but not leukocytes were deficient in TLR4 (EndotheliumTLR4–/–). Surprisingly, systemic LPS (0.5 mg/kg) induced a dramatic increase in neutrophil sequestration into the lungs of LeukocyteTLR4–/– mice over the first 4 hours. Concomitantly, numbers of circulating leukocytes decreased by 90%. By contrast, EndotheliumTLR4–/– mice showed very little increase in neutrophil sequestration in the lungs, suggesting that endothelium rather than leukocyte TLR4 was important. Intravital microscopy of peripheral microcirculation in the cremaster muscle revealed about 30-fold more leukocyte–endothelial cell interactions in LPS-treated EndotheliumTLR4–/– mice than in LPS-treated LeukocyteTLR4–/– mice. This is consistent with less sequestration of leukocytes into the lungs of EndotheliumTLR4–/– mice. In conclusion, our data challenge the view that LPS directly activates neutrophils to trap in lungs and suggest a far more important role than previously appreciated for the endothelial cells.
Abstract 3193: Combining immunotherapies: A strategy for improving CD8 T cell-mediated antitumor responses
Authors: Aaron E. Fan, Hussein Sultan, Takumi Kumai, Esteban Celis
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) of retrovirally transduced (RV) CD8 T cells is a powerful technique that has shown promise in tumor eradication in cancer patients. However, some major barriers to current methods are that ACT is expensive, time consuming, and requires harmful and toxic adjunct procedures. Our laboratory has demonstrated the use of TriVax, a potent peptide vaccination strategy that dramatically expands ACT cell populations and bypasses the necessity for adjunct procedures. The purpose of this project was to enhance current methods of ACT+TriVax by testing an antigen-specific antitumor response of RV CD8 T cells and if it could be improved with constitutively active STAT5 (CA-STAT5) expression, a protein activated downstream several cytokine pathways that have been shown to play a role in increasing CD8 T cell persistence and resistance to apoptosis. We tested the hypothesis that CA-STAT5 in CD8 T cells enhances an antitumor effect by increasing T cell persistence and efficacy. Our results show that TriVax administration selectively expanded frequencies of the ACT cell population expressing gp100-TCR in both blood and spleen. When co-transduced with CA-STAT5, an even higher fold expansion of antigen-specific cells was observed. +CA-STAT5 T cells were able to expand more robustly than -CA-STAT5 T cells upon repeated antigen stimulation (vaccine boost), demonstrating nearly 4000-fold increases in antigen-specific CD8 T cells. +CA-STAT5 T cells also seemed to persist longer in vivo over time, and they expressed lower levels of surface PD-1. Using B16F10 melanoma, ACT+TriVax of these cell populations into tumor-bearing mice demonstrated a powerful antitumor effect, leading to tumor regression in treated groups. CA-STAT5 seemed to recapitulate similar antitumor effects our laboratory observed previously with combinatorial anti-PD-L1 treatment or IL2/anti-IL2 mAb complexes (IL2Cx), suggesting a potential role for STAT5 in resisting the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory pathway. When compared to tumor-bearing mice treated with ACT+TriVax with anti-PD-L1 antibody, our approach using +CA-STAT5 T cells generated a comparable antitumor response. Altogether, these results demonstrate that RV CD8 T cells expressing gp100-TCR and CA-STAT5 are capable of antigen-dependent expansion in response to TriVax. CA-STAT5 plays a role in increasing T cell proliferation and persistence, as well as increasing efficacy through mechanisms that seem to indicate resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. Citation Format: Aaron E. Fan, Hussein Sultan, Takumi Kumai, Esteban Celis. Combining immunotherapies: A strategy for improving CD8 T cell-mediated antitumor responses [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3193.
The authors respond
Authors: T. Tonnessen, P. A Naess, K. A Kirkeboen, A. Ilebekk, G. Christensen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article The authors respond Get access Theis Tønnessen, Theis Tønnessen Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Ullevgl Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pal A Naess, Pal A Naess Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Ullevgl Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Knut A Kirkebøen, Knut A Kirkebøen Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Ullevgl Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arnfinn Ilebekk, Arnfinn Ilebekk Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Ullevgl Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Geir Christensen Geir Christensen Institute for Experimental Medical Research, University of Oslo, Ullevgl Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 5, May 1994, Page 722, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.5.722a Published: 01 May 1994
THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS.
Authors: MILO BUEL WARD
Journal: JAMA (1897)

This semi-centennial meeting of theAssociationis without doubt the most important epoch in its history and forcibly reminds each member of the fact that whatever doctrines may at this time be presented, they will be taken as rules and guides until future events shall have proved them false. That the teachings to be promulgated during this session of our Section will tend to make this occasion most memorable there can be no doubt. The universally recognized reputations of the authors, and the titles of their papers, make it certain that there will not be any lack of interest in our Section work. If it be true, and we claim it is, that the happiness and usefulness of the present generation and the perpetuity of vigorous future generations depend upon healthy mothers more than all other elements, then certainly it must be important to give our best thought and labor
ASPECTS OF AMERICAN PHARMACY.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blood pressure falls with disease in elderly people
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Routine protein energy supplementation may improve patient outcomesAlthough it is recognised that hospital patients are frequently undernourished, it is not clear if routine protein energy supplementation improves patient outcomes.On p 495 Potter et al report on a systematic review of the randomised controlled trials of routine protein energy supplementation by the oral or enteral route.Patients receiving supplements were more likely to show improvements in weight and anthropometry and were less likely to die.However, when the analysis was restricted to those trials clearly describing a good methodological design, the observed benefits were diminished.Although there may be significant and important health benefits from routine prescribing of protein energy supplementation, further large pragmatic trials are justified.
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PATHOLOGY OF QUININE AMAUROSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OBSERVATIONS ON THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF SCOLIOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nutritional and Hormonal Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Deiodinases
Authors: P. Larsen
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1995)

Selenocysteine has been identified in the active center of types 1 and 3 iodothyronine deiodinases, two important enzymes regulating the formation and degradation of the active thyroid hormone, 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3). Selenium is thus required for such complex processes as normal growth, brain development, and metamorphosis, all of which are thyroid hormone dependent. Structural and functional analyses of the type 1 deiodinase mRNA allowed identification of the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element, a stem-loop structure in the 3′ untranslated region of the mRNA. SECIS elements with conserved sequence and structural features are also present in the 3′ untranslated regions of the mRNAs encoding selenoprotein P and the glutathione peroxidase family of selenoproteins. These elements are necessary and sufficient for directing selenocysteine incorporation into the deiodinases and the other mammalian selenoproteins.
Intralobular distribution and quantitation of cytochrome P-450 enzymes in human liver as a function of age
Authors: D Ratanasavanh
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

We have used immunohistochemical, immunoblotting and messenger RNA blotting approaches to study the distribution and quantitation of three cytochrome P-450 enzymes, namely P-450 IA2, P-450 IIC and P-450 IIIA and, for comparison, epoxide hydrolase and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase in human liver. Age-related changes in both the amounts and the intralobular distributions of these enzymes were demonstrated, and the enzymes differ in these regards: In fetal liver, P-450 IA2 and P-450 IIC were very low, when present at all, whereas P-450 IIIA, epoxide hydrolase and the reductase were already abundant and found in all the hepatocytes. During the postnatal period, P-450 IIC dramatically increased and was observed in all hepatocytes, the centriobular ones being more intensely stained. P-450 IIIA was restricted to centrilobular and midzonal hepatocytes in normal adult liver. P-450 IA2 showed this same intralobular distribution; however, its presence was detected only several weeks or months after birth as judged both by immunohistochemical and immunoblotting techniques. Epoxide hydrolase and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase were easily visualized in all hepatocytes regardless of the age of the donor; in child and adult livers, centrilobular hepatocytes were more intensely stained. Immunoreactive protein contents and corresponding messenger RNA levels correlated well with immunohistochemical observations. No major modification was seen in fibrotic liver, whereas both positive and negative cells were observed in cirrhotic liver nodules for all enzymes studied. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:1142–1151.)
Psychosurgery
Authors: Vernon H. Mark
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Ricketts said: "Nevertheless, the use of surgery to mitigate violent behavior raises serious questions. Some of these, posed by the writer to the authors, appear in the first column on page 768 without, however, very satisfactory answers. That such answers, as the authors state, have been attempted in a previous paper is not helpful to readers of the present contribution, where they also belong." The question posed by Dr. Ricketts involved the publication of the entire paper entitled "The Role of Limbic Brain Dysfunction in Aggression," which appears in the most recent issue of the Research Publications of the<i>Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease</i>. This would have increased the length of our communication by three or four pages and many references. It was the solution of your editorial board to publish this information in the form in which it appeared. I am quite
Editorial: Recurrent haematuria in childhood.
Journal: BMJ (1973)

125patients with bilateral carcinoma it was 57-9% after the second mastectomy.The mean interval between mastectomies was just over 6 years; the longest interval was 27 years and the shortest was 8 months.Herrmann concludes that carcinoma in the second breast does not bring with it a particularly unfavouralble prognosis.He finds nothing to favour prophylactic mastectomy or random biopsy of the contralateral breast, and until a 'better method for selection and management of the second breast at risk comes up he advocates close follow-up after initial mastectomy and early treatment of carcinoma of the second breast if it develops.This approach eliminates unnecessary mastectomies and accomplishes the greatest good for the greatest number of women.