tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Persistent Hepatitis C viremia after acute self-limiting posttransfusion Hepatitis C
Authors: J BARRERA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Persistent viremia after clinical or subclinical hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is believed to occur in patients with chronic hepatitis C, but little is known about the duration of HCV replication in patients with acute hepatitis who have recovered or the relation of HCV viremia with the kinetics of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). We tested HCV-RNA and anti-HCV in serial serum samples from 41 patients with posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis, followed for an average of 6 years after transfusion. Serum HCV-RNA was measured by nested polymerase chain reaction, which used primers from the 5′ untranslated region of the HCV genome. Anti-HCV were tested with first- and second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA 1 and ELISA 2), and with a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay. Of the 41 patients, 10 recovered and 31 progressed to chronic liver disease. HCV-RNA was detected in serum before or simultaneously with the onset of hepatitis in all cases, and lasted between 2 and 6 weeks in 5 of the 10 patients who recovered, whereas it persisted for the entire follow-up period in every case with chronic hepatitis and in the remaining 5 patients with self-limiting hepatitis. Anti-HCV were detected with ELISA 2 in the first serum sample, with raised serum transaminases in 57% of patients, but in only 6% with ELISA 1. In the sample obtained 1 month after the onset of hepatitis, anti-HCV were detected with ELISA 2 in 94% of patients, but in 34% with the ELISA 1. Anti-HCV (anti C-33 and anti-c22) were cleared in the five patients with transient hepatitis C viremia, but remained detectable in those with chronic viremia. In conclusion, serum HCV-RNA is detected at the onset of acute posttransfusion hepatitis C and persists in patients progressing to chronic hepatitis. Some patients with self-limiting hepatitis become HCV-RNA negative soon after the onset of hepatitis, whereas in others it persists throughout follow-up, suggesting the development of a silent carrier state.
Curriculum Revision
Authors: Maurice B. Strauss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

MANY physicians, particularly those who graduated 10 or more years ago, must be wondering just what is behind the current upheaval in medical education.To understand the widespread curricular revision now being undertaken by so many medical schools in the United States requires a look at the curricula that were adopted by virtually all schools after the Flexner report of 1910 — curricula that have remained more or less frozen since then.There were two fundamental assumptions underlying these curricula. The first was that two years of extensive exposure to the basic sciences that were then relevant to medicine would . . .
Gastric Analysis
Authors: Harry L. Segal
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The renaissance of interest in the gastric mucosa has produced both a more exact knowledge of the physiology of gastric secretion and new tools for clinical application. Recent investigations have resulted in the demonstration of four distinct human pepsinogens and pepsins<sup>1</sup>and the isolation of two pure gastrins.<sup>2</sup>Tubeless tools are available to determine the capability of gastric mucosa to secrete acid, pepsinogens, and intrinsic tumor. Intubation techniques allow estimation of parietal cell population (maximum acid output)<sup>3</sup>and determination of the percentage of the parietal cells secreting under basal conditions and after vagotomy. Assay methods<sup>4,5</sup>have been developed to measure intrinsic factor in gastric juice aspirate. All this signifies that gastric analysis is not only a test to determine the acidity of aspirated gastric juice, but also a means to measure the basal and maximum acid outputs and the capability of the gastric mucosa to secrete
A Text-Book of Gynaecology for Students and Practitioners
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proctology
Authors: E. Parker Hayden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

IN a comprehensive bibliography prepared for the 1947 meeting of the American Proctologic Society numerous articles on nonmalignant and malignant lesions of the colon and rectum, published during 1946, were carefully listed and indexed, and some of them abstracted in greater or less detail. With perhaps an equal number in the literature of 1947, it is apparent that a complete review of them is a task too extensive for inclusion in this rather short article. Spectacular advances in this field are the exception, — not the rule, — and yet articles of value and interest, contributed both by those who . . .
Immune regulation by peripheral Tregs induced upon homotypic T cell/T cell interactions
Authors: K Thummler, J Leipe, A Ramming, I Prots, H S-Koops, A Skapenko
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis are characterised by persistently activated CD4 T cells, which circulate from the synovial tissues into the lymph nodes.Here, they encounter multiple contacts with bystander cells including resting CD4 T cells.We have recently shown that activated T cells induce the proliferation and the production of cytokines with immunoregulatory potential from resting CD4 T cells by homotypic T cell interaction.Since the compromised function of regulatory T cells results in the development of autoimmune diseases, we investigated the function of these T cells resulting from the interaction of activated T cells and resting CD4 T cells and the mechanism mediating this novel cellular interaction.Resting CD4 T cells were cocultured with fi xed activated T cells and analysed for their phenotype, cytokine secretion profi le and immunoregulatory capacity.T cells induced upon homotypic T cell interaction expressed CD25, reduced levels of CD127, transforming growth factor β, but no FOXP3.Of interest for the regulation of specifi c immune responses, the resulting cells strongly inhibited proliferation of CD25 negative T cells in a dose dependent manner as potently as natural occurring CD25 positive cells.Surprisingly, even polarised proinfl ammatory effector cells (eg, T-helper 1 (Th1) or Th17 cells) induced Tregs from memory CD4 T cells.The inhibitory effect was partly contact dependent, partly dependent on cytokines and could be abrogated by high amounts of exogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2).In vivo, Tregs resulting from the interaction of resting DO11.10 CD4 T cells and activated T cells from Balb/c mice suppressed the expansion of ovalbumin-specifi c T cells upon antigen challenge in the DO11.10 transfer model.Blocking adhesion receptor/counterreceptor interaction with mAbs to particular ligands revealed that the generation of regulatory T cells by homotypic T cell on July 27,
Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for Humans and Wildlife
Authors: Martin Van den Berg, Linda Birnbaum, Albertus T. C. Bosveld, Bjorn Brunstrom, Philip Cook, Mark Feeley, John P. Giesy, Annika Hanberg, Ryuichi Hasegawa, Sean W. Kennedy, Timothy Kubiak, John Christian Larsen, F. X. Rolaf van Leeuwen, A. K. Djien Liem, Cynthia Nolt, Richard E. Peterson, Lorenz Poellinger, Stephen Safe, Dieter Schrenk, Donald Tillitt, Mats Tysklind, Maged Younes, Fredrik Waern, Tim Zacharewski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

An expert meeting was organized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and held in Stockholm on 15-18 June 1997. The objective of this meeting was to derive consensus toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxinlike polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for both human, fish, and wildlife risk assessment. Based on existing literature data, TEFs were (re)evaluated and either revised (mammals) or established (fish and birds). A few mammalian WHO-TEFs were revised, including 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated DD, octachlorinated DD, octachlorinated DF, and PCB 77. These mammalian TEFs are also considered applicable for humans and wild mammalian species. Furthermore, it was concluded that there was insufficient in vivo evidence to continue the use of TEFs for some di-ortho PCBs, as suggested earlier by Ahlborg et al. [Chemosphere 28:1049-1067 (1994)]. In addition, TEFs for fish and birds were determined. The WHO working group attempted to harmonize TEFs across different taxa to the extent possible. However, total synchronization of TEFs was not feasible, as there were orders of a magnitude difference in TEFs between taxa for some compounds. In this respect, the absent or very low response of fish to mono-ortho PCBs is most noticeable compared to mammals and birds. Uncertainties that could compromise the TEF concept were also reviewed, including nonadditive interactions, differences in shape of the dose-response curve, and species responsiveness. In spite of these uncertainties, it was concluded that the TEF concept is still the most plausible and feasible approach for risk assessment of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with dioxinlike properties.
PROGNOSTIC AND DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CHEYNESTOKES RESPIRATION.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Balanced Crystalloids versus Saline in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Matthew W. Semler, Wesley H. Self, Jonathan P. Wanderer, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, Li Wang, Daniel W. Byrne, Joanna L. Stollings, Avinash B. Kumar, Christopher G. Hughes, Antonio Hernandez, Oscar D. Guillamondegui, Addison K. May, Liza Weavind, Jonathan D. Casey, Edward D. Siew, Andrew D. Shaw, Gordon R. Bernard, Todd W. Rice
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

Both balanced crystalloids and saline are used for intravenous fluid administration in critically ill adults, but it is not known which results in better clinical outcomes.
Prevention of Irreversible Hemorrhagic Shock with Fibrinolysin
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantitative evaluation of ECG components of workers exposed to carbon disulfide.
Authors: A A Kamal, A Ahmed, K Saied, M Metwally
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The components of electrocardiograms (ECG) of 253 workers exposed to carbon disulfide (CDS) and those of 99 controls were quantitatively measured and evaluated. ECG of the exposed workers showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of ECG pathological changes, higher P amplitude and Macruz index, longer P duration, longer both crude and corrected Q-T intervals and R-R intervals and shorter P-R segments and QRS intervals than that of the controls. On the other hand, P-R intervals and heart rates of the two groups were not significantly different. Among both the the exposed and control groups, values of P duration were significantly negatively correlated with that of P-R segment: r = -0.216 and -0.132, respectively, p greater than 0.05. Values of the ECG components were not related to duration of exposure to CDS. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between duration of exposure of the exposed workers with and of those without pathological ECG changes. The method used in our study may be useful in evaluating the ECG of exposed workers before the appearance of the known pathological abnormalities.
Exercise and osteoporosis
Authors: A. Simkin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We enjoyed reading the commentary entitled "Does Exercise Prevent Osteoporosis?" by Block et al.<sup>1</sup>Unfortunately, references made in this article to two of our studies are misleading. Our study on the increase of trabecular bone density due to bone-loading exercises<sup>2</sup>is included among prospective studies that "failed to show that exercise of short duration can significantly enhance radial compact bone mass." The main finding of this study was rather that exercise of short duration<i>does</i>significantly enhance radial<i>trabecular bone density</i>. The increase in bone density was evident not only in comparison with the nonexercising control group, but also in comparison with the density values of the exercising group before the training. The authors report that in our study on the effect of intense physical activity on the bone mineral content in the lower limb,<sup>3</sup>"the comparison group also gained bone mass significantly." In
The Medical News Visiting List for 1904.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Review of Toxicology Studies on Cyanurate and Its Chlorinated Derivatives
Authors: Bruce G. Hammond, Steve J. Barbee, Takeshi Inoue, Norihisa Ishida, George J. Levinskas, Michel W. Stevens, Allen G. Wheeler, Tito Cascieri
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Chlorinated cyanurates are added to swimming pools as disinfectants. In the presence of water, these materials hydrolyze to yield cyanurate and hypochlorous acid. To evaluate the safety of exposure to these materials, a comprehensive testing program was undertaken. This review summarizes the results of acute and subchronic tests on chlorinated isocyanurates. Findings from acute, subchronic, reproduction, metabolism, mutagenicity, and chronic/carcinogenicity tests on cyanurate are also summarized. Results from these tests indicate that chlorinated isocyanurates are safe for use in swimming pools.
Prescription Refills
Authors: Arthur C. Huntley
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Your EDITORIAL "Refill: Yes or No" has just come to my attention (221:188, 1972). Many years ago, I became concerned about unlimited refills, as I suppose many others have also. Therefore, there must be many solutions to the problem. My own is offered, for what it is worth; it seems to be acceptable to ethical pharmacists, at least in this area. For many years we have had printed, on the face of the prescription blank a request for the pharmacist to notify me whenever a prescription is refilled; most of them, except for a few of those in old-time neighborhood stores, have been glad to comply. When this information is received in the office, it is entered on a separate sheet in the chart (we use blue color for rapid identification). Each prescription refill request is seen and checked by the physician before the day's business is
Coexistent Hyperparathyroidism and Thyroid Disease
Authors: Sheldon S. Stoffer
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It has always been our practice to determine serum calcium levels in patients who have undergone thyroid surgery to exclude the possibility of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism. In three cases, however, we were surprised to find hypercalcemia, after thyroid surgery, later demonstrated to be previously undetected hyperparathyroidism. We apprehensively advised parathyroid surgery in these three cases, knowing quite well that the risk of an unsuccessful operation is greater in patients with prior neck surgery. In one case, we elected to do parathyroid catheterization studies with differential parathyroid hormone determinations to accurately localize the lesion prior to surgery because the patient had severe angina. Fortunately, all three patients had successful parathyroid surgery with resumption of normal calcium values. Because of this experience, we have recently started to determine serum calcium values in all patients with thyroid nodules to exclude possible coexisting hyperparathyroidism prior to thyroid surgery. Recently, we encountered a
Errata in Letters
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
VIENNA
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Institut Pasteur Begins Its Second Century
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal