tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pituitary "Incidentalomas"
Authors: David C. Aron
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1990Pituitary "Incidentalomas"David C. Aron, MD, Nathan S. Ross, MDDavid C. Aron, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Nathan S. Ross, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-7-558 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In their recent review, Molitch and Russell (1) recommend routine biochemical screening for hormonal hypersecretion in patients with a pituitary "incidentaloma" even in the absence of suggestive clinical evidence. In making this recommendation for cases of microadenomas in particular, they fail to take into account the low prevalence of the conditions (including prolactinoma, Cushing disease, acromegaly) for which the tests screen. Given a specificity of less than 100%, screening tests will have a low positive predictive value for disorders with low prevalence, particularly in asymptomatic persons. For example, the prevalence of prolactinoma, the most common hormone-secreting pituitary...References1. Molitch M and Russell E. The pituitary "incidentaloma." Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:925-31. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Miyai K, Ichihara K, Kondo K, and Mori S. Asymptomatic hyperprolactinaemia and prolactinoma in the general population-mass screening by paired assays of serum prolactin. Clin Endocrinol. 1986;25:549-54. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Kassirer J. Our stubborn quest for diagnostic certainty: a cause of excessive testing. N Engl J Med. 1989;320:1489-91. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. Molitch M. Interpreting prolactin levels. Lancet. 1987;2:1457-8. Google Scholar2. Miyai K, Ichihara K, Kondo K, and Mori S. Asymptomatic hyperprolactinaemia and prolactinoma in the general population-mass screening by paired assays of serum prolactin. Clin Endocrinol. 1986;25:549-54. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Molitch M and Russell E. The pituitary "incidentaloma." Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:925-31. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David C. Aron, MD; Nathan S. Ross, MDAffiliations: Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland, OH 44106 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTHE DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA OF INCIDENTALOMASMANAGEMENT OF PITUITARY INCIDENTALOMASVerapamil-Induced Hyperprolactememia Complicated by a Pituitary IncidentalomaClinical features and differential diagnosis of pituitary tumours with emphasis on acromegaly 1 October 1990Volume 113, Issue 7 Page: 558-559 Keywords Acromegaly Positive predictive value Specificity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Study of Masturbation and the Psychosexual Life.
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The heroin crisis among US forces in Southeast Asia. An overview
Authors: A. J. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Heroin abuse among US soldiers in Southeast Asia has many features common to an epidemic: a specific population at risk, a unique setting in which spread occurred, and a single offending agent. An epidemiologic approach reveals features that distinguish heroin addiction in this setting from patterns observed in the United States. The medical impact in terms of morbidity has not been fully assessed. A controversy persists whether heroin use in Southeast Asia is a low-risk exposure confined to a special environment or carries a major threat for continued hard-drug use. The opportunity to evaluate in depth a sample of patients in a direct combat support area forms the basis of this report. Potential morbidity in many cases seems high.
Urinalysis
Authors: Victor Braren
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As reported in a MEDICAL NEWS article (239:13,1978), G. Berry Schumann, MD, has strongly advocated not performing screening microscopic urinalysis for asymptomatic persons with macroscopically normal urine. I could not disagree more strongly with his conclusion. The most interesting aspect of this assertion is that Dr Schumann defeats his argument with his own data. In his prospective study he shows that a false-negative rate of 3% was found on microscopic examination of macroscopically normal urine specimens. How nice it must be to go to sleep at night saying that we can write off 3% of the renal disease in the screened population. Although he does point out that many of these patients were symptomatic and therefore would have been more thoroughly screened, he gives no figures to back this up. Even in the retrospective study, a false-negative rate of roughly 1% is obtained. Again, if we followed
Polynucleotide based immunization: Study of the humoral and the cellular immune response to hepatitis B virus Molecular Hepatology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown MA 02129
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We investigated immunogenicity, reactogenicity and consistency of three consecutive lots of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in 204 seronegative volunteers. Each volunteer received a total of three doses of vaccine (720 EIU) according to a 0, 1 month primary vaccination schedule with a booster dose given at month 6. Mild, moderate and mostly local side effects were reported in 49.7% after the first and in less than 30% after the third injection. Seroconversion rate after one vaccine dose was as high as 91%. All subjects but one had already seroconverted by 1 month after the second injection, corresponding to a seroconversion rate of 99%. The geometric mean titres (GMT) increased with each dose of vaccine administered. Our results show that this inactivated hepatitis A vaccine is highly immunogenic, safe and well tolerated. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the three vaccine lots in respect to seroconversion rate, size of antibody titre or reactogenicity.
Rural health care
Authors: T. Frary
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We would like to report a case of agranulocytosis temporally associated with fenoprofen calcium (Nalfon) therapy. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An 86-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with complaints of pruritus and exfoliative rash. She had a three-year history of back and hip pain due to osteoarthritis, which was partially relieved by indomethacin. Other long-term medications included digoxin and pentaerythritol tetranitrate. One month before admission her physician substituted fenoprofen calcium, 300 mg four times daily, for indomethacin. After two weeks of therapy pruritus developed, which resolved after discontinuation of the drug treatment. On her own initiative the patient reinitiated therapy with fenoprofen one week before admission. Admission physical examination showed an uncomfortable elderly woman with a blood pressure of 110/68 mm Hg; heart rate, 68 beats per minute; and temperature, 37.0 °C. There was an erythematous and exfoliative rash involving the limbs and trunk. There was
P194 The rise of EBUS: the fall of mediastinoscopy?
Authors: H. Tan, S. Binukrishnan, P. A. Smith, C. Smyth, M. Walshaw, K. Mohan
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> EBUS is a minimally invasive procedure that can be used instead of mediastinoscopy to investigate mediastinal lymphadenopathy, including the staging of lung malignancy. However, its impact on the use of mediastinoscopy is unknown. We wished to determine the efficacy of a recently introduced EBUS-TBNA service and its impact on the number of cervical mediastinoscopies at our institution. <h3>Methods</h3> We analysed the results of a prospectively recorded database of all cases referred for EBUS-TBNA over a 1-year period following its introduction in June 2009, and compared them with the number of cervical mediastinoscopies performed in the year before and after its implementation. <h3>Results</h3> 216 patients underwent EBUS-TBNA (1st quarter 30, 2nd 56, 3rd 56, and 4th 74), with an average time from referral to procedure 5 days (range 1–15). Two who were intolerant were excluded from subsequent analysis: of the remainder 189 underwent lymph node biopsy, 16 peribronchial lesions and 9 a combination. 346 lymph node stations (144 lower paratracheal, 104 subcarinal, 83 hilar, 9 upper paratracheal, 3 paraoesophageal, 2 lobar and 1 retrotracheal) were biopsied with an average size of 1.3 cm (0.5–6): &lt;1 cm nodes were biopsied in 50 patients (65 lymph nodes). Adequate samples were obtained in 203 patients (95%): 105 carcinoma, 27 sarcoidosis, 2 tuberculosis, 2 cysts, 1 cryptococcus, 1 lymphoma, and 65 benign lymphoid tissues. Of the latter, 36 were confirmed benign by surgery or clinical follow-up, 2 await mediastinoscopy/resection, 22 could not be confirmed, 3 were subsequently diagnosed as lymphoma and 2 with sarcoidosis. 2 patients (&gt;6 biopsies each) developed self-limiting pyrexia (&lt;12 h) and 1 patient developed a COPD exacerbation, which required intensive treatment for 24 h. During the same period, 67 patients underwent mediastinoscopy compared to 105 in the preceding 12 months (37% reduction). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our experience suggests that EBUS is a safe and effective alternative to mediastinoscopy in the diagnosis of patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the staging of lung cancer patients. Its introduction was accompanied with a reduction in the use of cervical mediastinoscopy, saving NHS costs and improving the experience of patients undergoing this diagnostic pathway.
CANCER CLINIC: Carcinoma of the Breast
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1958)

160/100 mm. of Hg.The electrocardio gram was normal.Demerol was avoided since opiates are much more depressant in the older age groups.Premedication was given an hour before anesthesia which was started with pentothal, 2.5 per cent solution by intermittent drip, and nitrous oxide and oxygen in a semiclosed system.This anesthesia was chosen because a nonexplosive agent is necessary when elec trocautery is anticipated.The primary anesthetic agent was nitrous oxide and oxygen.Blood loss was replaced to com pensate fall in blood pressure.Anesthesia was maintained at a light plane so that the patient might react very shortly after the operation and so that the postopera tive period of recovery might be better.Excisional biopsy showed the character istic appearance of carcinoma on the cut surface.The tumor was hard, unlike benign lesions, and the cancer was de pressed below the surrounding fat.Benign Carcinoma of the Breast
A phase I trial of AEG35156 (XIAP antisense) administered as 2-hour intravenous infusions in patients with advanced tumours
Authors: J. Jolivet, E. Dean, T. H. Ward, O. Denneny, C. Jacob, P. Goodege, C. Dive, M. Ranson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

3541 Background: The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is a potent anti-apoptotic protein. AEG35156 is a 2nd generation antisense oligonucleotide to human XIAP that enhances cancer cell apoptosis preclinically as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapeutics. Methods: The primary objective was to establish the maximum tolerated dose of AEG35156 given as a 2-hour infusion once weekly following 3 daily loading doses in week 1. Other objectives were to evaluate AEG35156 pharmacokinetics, XIAP inhibition, circulating apoptosis biomarkers and document anti-tumour activity. Results: Twenty-nine adult patients (16 M; 13 F) have been registered. Twenty-three have completed at least one 3-week treatment cycle at doses ranging from 60 to 500mg AEG35156. Treatment has been generally well tolerated, the most common toxicities have been grade I chills/pyrexia, rapidly reversible increases in aPTT at the end of infusion and mild transaminitis. One patient at 240mg had a silent myocardial infarction probably related to prophylactic aspirin withdrawal prior to starting protocol therapy. Three DLTs were observed at AEG35156 350mg: Grade 3 chills/lethargy (mesothelioma), grade 3 transaminitis (colon), transient grade 3 chills/tumour lysis syndrome/transaminitis (small lymphocytic lymphoma). A less intensive dosing protocol was deemed appropriate for future NHL patients and a protocol amendment excluding NHL patients from this study and permitting resumption in patients with solid tumors and including premedication with dexamethasone / acetaminophen was implemented. Dosing at AEG35156 500mg has been completed with no DLTs and the study is ongoing at 650mg. Pharmacokinetics were dose-proportional and linear from 60 to 500mg AEG35156. Mean plasma Cmax at 500mg was 55μg/mL. Decreases in XIAP mRNA have been observed in PBMCs at dose levels ≥240mg and increased levels of circulating biomarkers of apoptosis have been observed in some patients. One patient with NHL who received only a single infusion had rapid clearance of circulating tumour cells and reduction in nodal disease. Conclusions: AEG35156 can be safely delivered by 2-hour infusions and preliminary evidence of XIAP mRNA knockdown and antitumour activity in lymphoma has been observed. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Aegera Therapeutics Inc. Aegera Therapeutics Inc. Aegera Therapeutics Inc. Aegera Therapeutics Inc.
Selected New Developments in Computational Chemistry
Authors: Thomas A. Darden, L. Bartolotti, Lee G. Pedersen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Molecular dynamics is a general technique for simulating the time-dependent properties of molecules and their environments.Quantum mechanics, as applied to molecules or clusters of molecules, provides a prescription for predicting properties exactly (in principle).It is reasonable to expect that both will have a profound effect on our understanding of environmental chemistry in the future.In this review, we consider several recent advances and applications in computational chemistry.
Leonard's Physician's Pocket Day-Book.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Notes and news
Authors: Ivo Jajic, Rene Cailliet
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

We will be continuing our series of supplements during the year, taking one subject at a time.The aim is to portray the present status of that subject in much more detail by means of a series of commissioned papers.This enables acknowledged experts in the field to state their views on the present state of knowledge in that particular field.We will be producing two such supplements during the course of the year.
Abstract 11127: Let-7 Family MicroRNAs Expression in Subcutaneous Skin Negatively Correlate With Severity of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Systemic Scleroderma
Authors: Yasuhiro Izumiya, Yuichi Kimura, Yoshiro Onoue, Shinsuke Hanatani, Satoshi Araki, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play an important role in various cardiovascular diseases. However, its roles in the pathogenesis of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary hypertension (PH) are not clear. Hypothesis: In patents with systemic scleroderma (SSc), subcutaneous miRNAs expression profiles are different depending on the presence or absence of PH. Methods and Results: Data of 16 SSc patients who underwent subcutaneous tissue biopsy were available for retrospective analysis. To determine the changes in subcutaneous miRNAs expression profiles in SSc-associated PH, a mixture of equal amount of subcutaneous miRNAs from 6 PH or 6 non-PH were prepared. We performed miRNA PCR array analysis, and the miRNA expression was comprehensively compared between PH and non-PH group. We found that 591 miRNAs were upregulated, and 57 miRNAs were downregulated in PH group (Figure). Among them, only miRNAs which showed a Ct value less than 35 were considered for further analysis. When a 1.5-fold difference was considered meaningful, 32 miRNAs were upregulated, and 14 miRNAs were down regulated in PH group. Interestingly, 5 out of 14 downregulated miRNAs belong to let-7 family (let-7a, -7b, -7d, -7f, -7g). We validated the results by quantitative real-time PCR with specific primer for each miRNAs individually and found that 4 let-7 family members (let-7a, -7d, -7f, -7g) were significantly downregulated in 6 PH compared with those in 10 non-PH skin. The expression level of let-7d was negatively correlated with pulmonary arterial pressure measured by echocardiography. Conclusions: The expression level of let-7 family microRNAs in subcutaneous skin are lower in patients with SSc with PH than those without PH. Let-7 family microRNAs expression in subcutaneous skin negatively correlate with severity of PH in patients with SSc. Subcutaneous miRNA could be a useful marker to identify the presence and severity of PH in patients with SSc.
Authors' response
Authors: B. M. Fischer, J. Mortensen, L. Hojgaard
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Objective</h3> Patients with IBD are at increased risk of acute arterial events. Antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents and thiopurines may, via their anti-inflammatory properties, lower the risk of acute arterial events. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of thiopurines and anti-TNFs on the risk of acute arterial events in patients with IBD. <h3>Design</h3> Patients aged 18 years or older and affiliated to the French national health insurance with a diagnosis of IBD were followed up from 1 April 2010 until 31 December 2014. The risks of acute arterial events (including ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral artery disease) were compared between thiopurines and anti-TNFs exposed and unexposed patients with marginal structural Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for baseline and time-varying demographics, medications, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities and IBD disease activity. <h3>Results</h3> Among 177 827 patients with IBD (96 111 (54%) women, mean age at cohort entry 46.2 years (SD 16.3), 90 205 (50.7%) with Crohn’s disease (CD)), 4145 incident acute arterial events occurred (incidence rates: 5.4 per 1000 person-years). Compared with unexposed patients, exposure to anti-TNFs (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95), but not to thiopurines (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.05), was associated with a decreased risk of acute arterial events. The magnitude in risk reduction was highest in men with CD exposed to anti-TNFs (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.72). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Exposure to anti-TNFs is associated with a decreased risk of acute arterial events in patients with IBD, particularly in men with CD.
Reliability of the Electrocardiogram in Myocardial Infarction
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Das Röntgenraumbild.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal