tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Novel, Unstable DNA Mutation Cracks Decades-Old Clinical Enigma
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1993)

AS GENETICISTS have located the mutations that cause one disease after another in recent years, the novelty of such discoveries has perhaps worn thin. As expected, most of the mutations have fit comfortably within the paradigm of classical genetics. Without diminishing the importance of these achievements, observers draw the parallel that even a moon landing loses its luster after several successes. It is remarkable then, that a newly discovered mutation can rock the genetics community as it did recently at the annual meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics in San Francisco, Calif. Causing such excitement were not only the diseases that share this mutation—fragile X syndrome, myotonic dystrophy, and Kennedy disease—but the mutation itself, which is completely novel and, until it was sequenced, beyond the imagination of geneticists. It is neither an insertion, deletion, or point mutation, and its discovery is as surprising as expecting moon rocks and
MSH2 and adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: P. Fouret, D. Planchard, J. Mendiboure, N. S. Kamal, K. A. Olaussen, P. Bertrand, R. Pirker, A. Dunant, T. Le Chevalier, J. C. Soria
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA7502 Background: Adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy improves survival among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The human MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) protein is required to repair cisplatin-DNA lesions. Methods: We used immunohistochemistry to determine MSH2 expression in specimens from patients who had been enrolled in the International Adjuvant Lung Trial. The long-term (median follow-up 7.5 years) overall survival benefit was evaluated in a Cox model adjusted on clinical and pathological variables. Results: Among 673 evaluable tumors, 257 (38%) were MSH2 positive and 416 (62%) were MSH2 negative. The long-term survival benefit of chemotherapy was likely different according to MSH2 expression (test for interaction, P=0.06): chemotherapy compared with observation prolonged survival in the MSH2 negative group (adjusted hazard ratio for death, 0.76; 95%CI, 0.59 to 0.97; P=0.03), but not in the MSH2 positive group (adjusted hazard ratio for death, 1.12; 95%CI, 0.81 to 1.55; P=0.48). In the control arm, the adjusted hazard ratio for death associated with MSH2 positivity compared to MSH2 negativity was 0.66 (95%CI, 0.49 to 0.90; P=0.01). Among 658 patients with available excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) data, the benefit of chemotherapy decreased with the number of positive markers among MSH2 and ERCC1 (P=0.01). Chemotherapy compared with observation prolonged survival in the combined MSH2 negative/ERCC1 negative subgroup (adjusted hazard ratio for death, 0.65; 95%CI, 0.47 to 0.91; P=0.01). Conclusions: MSH2 appears to predict a long-term benefit from adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and may be combined with ERCC1. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline Eli Lilly
Lycoperdonosis
Authors: Roy D. Strand, Edward B. D. Neuhauser, Charles F. Sornberger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

For 'tis the sport to have the enginerHoist with his own petar. ... (Hamlet. III:4:207).LYCOPERDONOSIS is the respiratory disease caused by inhalation of large quantities of spores from the mature mushroom, commonly termed puffball.Lycoperdon is the genus of fungi to which most puffballs belong. The two most common species, Lycoperdon pyriforme and L. gemmatum, have worldwide distribution. They may be found from July to October, often growing on decaying logs, stumps and woody refuse, generally in dense clusters, and may occasionally be scattered through open fields.1 L. gemmatum can form mycorhizae with seedlings of northern . . .
Proceedings of The Thoracic Society
Journal: Thorax (1974)

Wandering pneumonia: some clinical observations W. M. MACLEOD Pneumonia starts with consolidation.It may resolve; it may persist or become 'chronic', or it may spread to other parts of the lung.The latter developments may be coincident but it is uncommon for resolution in one segment to occur with spreading consolidation in another.Wandering pneumonia is an uncommon type of lung infection.The pneumonic disease commencing in one part of the lung spreads into neighbouring segments at the same time as it resolves in the first affected area.Wander- ing through the lung it then passes on to the other side, continuing the same progression and finally ending with complete resolution.It does not recur.Three patients with such disorder are presented.The clinical problem is illustrated and a short commentary on possible explanations for such strange behaviour is given.Intestinal absorption studied in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease J. s.PRICHARD and D. J. LANE Few studies of gastro- intestinal function have been carried out in patients with cardiac failure or chronic hypoxia.Milledge (1972) reported that xylose absorption is impaired in hypoxic patients while, according to Vaughan-Jones (1961), malabsorption of "ll-triolein occurs in congestive cardiac failure.A survey has been made of intestinal absorption in 26 patients with severe chronic obstructive airways disease.Among these patients there was a wide range of values of Pao2 (42 torr-78 torr), Paco2 (35 torr-77 torr), plasma bicarbonate (21-40 mEq/litre), and pH (7137- 7 45).Seven of the patients were in right heart failure at the time of the studies.Twelve patients were not in cardiac failure and the remaining seven were either recovering from it or were to develop cardiac failure within 10 days.Lipid absorption was studied by the prosparol test (Keynes and Penfold, 1971), that of xylose by the xylose excretion test, and iron absorption by the use of a total- body counter (Callender and Warner, 1968).No significant relationship was established between hypoxia, hyper- capnia, plasma bicarbonate or pH and any of the tests of absorption.However, the seven patients who were in right heart failure showed significantly impaired xylose excretion and prosparol absorption when compared with the remaining 19 patients.There was no depression of iron absorption in patients with heart failure.Intestinal biopsies, performed in 12 patients, were all normal.Plasma levels of vitamin B12, folate, iron, iron binding capacity, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphate were neither related to right heart failure nor to abnor- mality of the blood gases.REFERENCES
MIGRAINE.
Authors: SAMUEL J. WALKER
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Migraine and headache are commonly considered synonymous terms. Migraine is, however, a distinct disease, the headache being its most pronounced and distressing symptom. In rare cases we may even have migraine without headache. It is undoubtedly the most frequent of all neuroses. It is my desire to record some of the more striking manifestations of the disease as gathered from an unusually rich clinical experience. I shall base my remarks on the notes taken on fifty consecutive cases, the majority of which are taken from the neurologic clinics of Dr. H. T. Patrick, Chicago. In looking over the notes, the first important item is the family history, the usual entry being "mother migrainous," "mother and two maternal aunts migrainous," "mother and mother's mother migrainous," "mother and father migrainous," "mother and two sisters migrainous," etc., the disease showing itself in six or seven members of a family in some instances. To
Abstract 3790: Molecular analysis of HPV genotype in head and neck cancers in a tertiary hospital in Ghana
Authors: Babatunde M. Duduyemi, Francis A. Yeboah, Evans Aboagye
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implicated in head and neck cancers (HNC), and patients now present at a much younger age without a strong alcohol or tobacco history. This work aims to establish the prevalence of HPV in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in our center as very minimal work has been done in Ghana in this area. Method: The study was to detect HPV DNA and genotypes from histologically confirmed HNSCC. Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks and slides of HNSCC cases were retrieved consecutively. Genomic DNA was then prepared from 10μm FFPE tissue section using the Quick-DNATM FFPE kit. A nested multiplex PCR assay that combines degenerate E6/E7 consensus primers and type-specific primer was utilized for the detection of HPV genotypes (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 6/11, 42, 43 and 44) in three cocktails. Results: A total of 301 HNSCC cases were extracted from the surgical day book, with male preponderance of 72.1% and a mean age of 54.97 years. The most common site of occurrence was the oral cavity (28.9%), followed by larynx (26.2%). Majority of the samples of patients aged &amp;lt;30 years were poorly differentiated (65.7%). HPV E6/E7 oncogenic DNA was detected in 18% (n=100), with 17 being HPV-16 and 1 both HPV-16 and HPV-18. A higher prevalence of HPV-positive DNA was found in males (83.3%), and there was a trend towards patients older than 56 years likely to have HPV tumours (OR=1.378). Larynx was the commonest site for HPV-positive HNSCC (38.9%), followed by oropharyngeal site (33.3%). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of HPV DNA (genotypes 16 and 18) in our study was 18%, more common in younger people and mainly male. This suggests that males should be considered in screening and vaccination against HPV to prevent HNSCC. Citation Format: Babatunde M. Duduyemi, Francis A. Yeboah, Evans Aboagye. Molecular analysis of HPV genotype in head and neck cancers in a tertiary hospital in Ghana [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3790.
Parallel 33: HCV Pathogenesis: Is the Battle Over?
Authors: Nu Sann, Emma Wai, David Large, Emma Hughes, Marion Sceats, Maria Lussignol, Robert Schwartz, Amir Shlomai, Vyas Ramanan, Ankit Bhatta, Ype De Jong, Sangeeta Bhatia, Charles Rice
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

ulate all steps of the HBV life cycle in metabolically competent adult hepatocytes has thus far hampered efforts to devise novel treatment strategies.Despite the recent description of NTCP as HBV receptor on hepatocytes, models relying on NTCP overexpression and non-polarized culture of hepatoma cells do not accurately reflect HBV infection.Here we describe a novel HBV primary cell culture model utilizing 3D microfluidic cell culture technology of human adult hepatocytes.Hepatocytes form a physiological liver microarchitecture, as determined by electron microscopy, including the formation of tight junctions and bile canaliculi.Longitudinal genomic, proteomic and functional cell assays confirm the ability to culture primary hepatocyte microtissues for at least 21 days without dedifferentiation or cell mortality.Persistent in vitro infection is established upon inoculation with Hepatitis B virus derived from primary patient isolates or recombinant sources, without requirement for pre-treatment of the cultures with cytotoxic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide.Accumulation of covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA, replication intermediates, pregenomic RNA as well as de novo production of significant titres of infectious virus progeny, as determined by HBsAg secretion and reinfection of naïve cells, confirms that the complete HBV life cycle is supported in vitro.In addition to HBeAg-positive isolates, infection is successfully launched in liver microtissues using HBeAg-negative patient isolates, and viral replication is inhibited upon treatment with direct acting antiviral drugs.This HBV cell culture model offers a new means for conducting target validation, drug discovery and development of novel therapeutic candidates against HBV in a physiological hepatocyte background.
"HOOCH," "HOME BREW" AND COPPER
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment by Manipulation: A Practical Handbook for the Practitioner and Student.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dornase aerosol effect on sputum viscosity in cases of cystic fibrosis
Authors: J. Lieberman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Deoxyribonucleic acid is not normally present in mucoid respiratory secretions but is a product of pulmonary inflammatory cellular debris.<sup>1,2</sup>The DNA in mucopurulent secretions seems to contribute to the chronicity of respiratory disease by increasing the viscosity of such secretions. A therapeutic attack upon the DNA content of purulent respiratory secretions would therefore appear to be worthwhile in an attempt to reduce morbidity from respiratory infection and to enhance the effectiveness of antibiotics.<sup>3</sup> Pancreatic dornase is a commercially available enzyme preparation which liquifies purulent sputum in vitro.<sup>4,5</sup>The reduction in viscosity occurs rapidly due to depolymerization of DNA<sup>5</sup>and the induction of intrinsic proteolysis.<sup>6-8</sup>Dornase aerosols have also been found to be useful in the evacuation of viscous mucopurulent secretions in bronchopulmonary disease.<sup>9-13</sup>I recently described a method for measuring the viscosity of sputum with a coneplate viscosimeter, thereby providing a
NORWAY
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Psychosurgery
Authors: P. R. Breggin
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Journal(225:916, 1973) described me as "Undoubtedly the one person most responsible for politicizing psychosurgery...." In this and a succeeding article (225:1035, 1973), the writer defends lobotomists and psychosurgeons and promotes their work as pure science unhappily corrupted by political attacks. Nothing could be further from the truth. The psychosurgeons offer no more scientific evidence than they did in the first disastrous wave of lobotomies and as early as 1967 attempted to gain public and congressional support for their work by linking it to political fears of violent ghetto uprisings and assassinations. I only entered the political arena as a counterforce to their own strenuous political campaign. Drs. Mark, Sweet, Ervin, and Delgado were featured (1968) in a cover story in<i>Life</i>.<sup>1</sup>On the cover are pictures of Sirhan Sirhan and Earl Ray with the headlines, "The Two Accused," and "The Psychobiology of Violence." The article
Muscular Dystrophy's Mimic
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hysteria
Authors: Claude C. Schulman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In response to the article by Woodruff et al on hysteria (<b>215</b>:425-428, 1971), we think it is important to point out that the diagnosis of hysteria for these authors is essentially based on the presence of subjective physical symptoms, but takes little account of objective manifestations. The concept of hysteria cannot be restricted to a series of subjective complaints; rather, it must include interpersonal relations of the patient in terms of social and familial adjustment. "Do our interview and criteria preclude the diagnosis of hysteria among men?" asks the author. That is, are we looking for hysteria only in women? In studying the prevalence of conversion symptoms among three samples of subjects, even the authors have selected exclusively women in the two control groups. In a recent study<sup>1</sup>we conducted on young men suffering from recurrent pelvic pain without medical explanation, 80% of the patients
Immunohematologic Disorders
Authors: Alan Winkelstein
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Immunohematology encompasses a broad array of clinical disorders in which immune reactions are involved in the pathogenesis of hematologic diseases. Immune reactions can involve the formed elements of the blood, producing hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, or neutropenia. Autoimmune phenomena and drug-induced reactions are the most common mechanisms. In newborns, maternal antibodies can cross the placenta and destroy red blood cells, platelets, or neutrophils. Immune reactions can also occur during transfusion of blood products, leading to hemolysis, febrile reactions, allergic reactions, and lung injury. The role of leukocytes and cytokines released during blood component storage in mediating febrile transfusion reactions has prompted the increased use of leukocyte-reduced components. Immune reactions can occur to soluble clotting factors and can produce bleeding or thrombosis. Finally, immunohematologic features of B-cell disorders are considered.
To Nowhere
Authors: Zijad Duraković
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Ad Libitum17 October 2000To NowhereZijad Duraković, MDZijad Duraković, MDZagreb, Croatia (Duraković)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The way to nowhereA life trumpet is cryingAn echo is sounding everywhereAnd a hope is dying.There is no light for tomorrowShutting the door of the cage,The future is rising sorrow.The book is closing on the last page. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Zagreb, Croatia (Duraković)Corresponding Author: Zijad Duraković, MD, Antuna Bauera Str. 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 October 2000Volume 133, Issue 8Page: 655KeywordsForecasting ePublished: 17 October 2000 Issue Published: 17 October 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Semaine des Hôpitaux de Paris
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal