tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ON THE COVERModernizing Disease Management: A Question of PrioritiesImproving the Practice of Pain ManagementDrugs and Therapeutics in the Age of the GenomeBringing Gene Therapy to the ClinicThe New White Plague
Journal: JAMA (2000)

DERIVATIVES TO TREAT syphilis at the turn of the 20th century has been viewed as the dawn of the age of chemotherapy and rational drug design. 1When Ehrlich's personal secretary, Martha Marquardt, commented on his life, she reserved her most heartfelt praise not for his brilliance as a chemist but for his mission."Nothing on earth mattered to him except scientific research aimed to overcome suffering and disease." 1 These noble aims, however, were subject to priorities and agendas over which he had no control.English clinic staff viewed patients with syphilis as depraved sexual offenders, which adversely affected their compliance with treatment.In English colonies such as Uganda, eradicating syphilis was not a economic priority. 2,3 For these reasons, syphilis remained an explosive epidemic.Today, it is exciting to imagine the possibilities of biotechnological wonders like the human genome project, stem cells, and microarrays.But the priorities driving these efforts may be leading us astray.Michael R. Reich recently declared that the current drug development system, despite its "extraordinary research and development capacity," has led to "global inequities in health care." 4 He argued that the dependence on large profits from affluent countries created restrictively high drug prices and a penchant for developing drugs that target only the health problems of the wealthy.The solution, according to Reich, is the creation of incentives and reforms to refocus the global pharmaceutical industry on curing the most serious diseases rather than merely the most profitable ones.Articles in this issue explore how existing health management systems and technologies could be optimized "to overcome suffering and disease," often despite severe financial and logistical challenges.June Dahl argues for systematic changes to improve the medical management of pain-one of the most undertreated conditions for which highly effective drugs are readily available.Amit Etkin explains how the human genome data can be made clinically useful.Bret Ball and French Anderson outline how to overcome the major barriers that impede the application of gene therapy in the clinic.David Walton and Paul Farmer call for an end to the policies of negligence that have governed the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in third world countries.Since Ehrlich's time, few of the principles of disease management seem to have changed."Rational drug design" still occurs largely through a process of large-scale screening techniques, moments of serendipity, and years of targeted research.Effective use of available therapies remains hampered by physicians who fail to prescribe drugs rationally.Pathogens may evolve to evade our therapies.But, at the current rate of progress in biotechnology, we may soon have the tools with which to address most of the world's diseases.However, how will we employ these tools and would Martha Marquardt approve?
Cesarean section. Risk and benefits for mother and fetus
Authors: B. P. Sachs
Journal: JAMA (1983)

We studied the effects of cesarean section on neonatal mortality for breech infants and low-birth weight vertex infants using data from the Georgia neonatal surveillance network on 392,241 singleton deliveries between 1974 and 1978. The risk of neonatal death for breech infants weighing 4,000 g or less delivered vaginally was significantly higher than the risk for those delivered by cesarean section. The lower the birth weight, the higher the risk for a vaginal breech delivery. For breech infants weighing 1,000 to 2,500 g, the risk was almost 2 1/2 times greater for a vaginal delivery<i>v</i>a cesarean delivery. The best outcome for high-risk vertex infants weighing 1,000 to 1,500 g was for those delivered by cesarean section in a tertiary perinatal center. An increase in the cesarean section rate may be associated with increased neonatal survival; however, the benefits must be weighed against the costs of an increased maternal mortality and morbidity. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2157-2159)
Hepatitis C virus antigen detection as a tool for diagnosis of acute hepatitis C in patients with negative hepatitis C virus antibody
Authors: Rajneesh Kumar, Kwai Peng Chan, Victoria Ekstrom, Sheryl Gan, Sobhana Thangaraju, Terence Kee, Shi Min Woo, Marjorie Foo, Kian Sing Chan, Kun Lee Lim, Lynette Oon Lin Ean, Wan Cheng Chow
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
THE ANNUAL GENERAL PRACTITIONER'S AWARD
Journal: JAMA (1952)

At the Clinical Session of the American Medical Association in Denver, Dec. 2, the Board of Trustees announced that Dr. John M. Travis of Jacksonville, Texas, had been selected to receive the sixth annual General Practitioner's Gold Medal. The selection of "the general practitioner of the year" was made by the Board of Trustees from a list of candidates who previously had been awarded similar state honors on nominations submitted by county medical societies. Dr. Travis, now 75 years of age, has been practicing medicine in Jacksonville for nearly 40 years; previously he was in practice in Martin's Mill, Texas. He graduated from North Texas Normal College, taught school for a time, then studied medicine at the University of Kentucky in Louisville and later at the Southwestern University Medical College in Dallas, Texas, now Southern Methodist University Medical Department, from which he was graduated in 1907. He has done postgraduate
Relationship between Expression of Sex Steroid Receptors and Structure of the Seminal Vesicles after Neonatal Treatment of Rats with Potent or Weak Estrogens
Authors: Karin Williams, Jane S. Fisher, Katie J. Turner, Chris McKinnell, Philippa T. K. Saunders, Richard M. Sharpe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

In this study we evaluated the effect of manipulating the estrogen and androgen environment of the neonatal male rat on subsequent immunoexpression of sex steroid receptors in the seminal vesicles (SVs) at age 18 days. The aim was to establish to what extent such changes were associated with and predictive of changes in SV structure/composition. Treatments were either diethylstilbestrol (DES; 10, 1, or 0.1 microg/injection), ethinyl estradiol (EE; 10 microg/injection), tamoxifen (2 mg/kg/day), flutamide (50 mg/kg), a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRHa; 10 mg/kg), genistein (4 mg/kg/day), octylphenol (2 mg/injection), or bisphenol A (0.5 mg/injection). Compared with controls, treatment with DES (10 microg) induced loss of epithelial and stromal androgen receptor (AR) immunoexpression coincident with induction of stromal progesterone receptor (PR) immunoexpression and upregulation of stromal immunoexpression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha). These changes were associated with gross distortion (increase) of the normal stromal:epithelial tissue proportions in the SVs. DES (1 microg) and EE induced similar but less pronounced changes, and DES (0.1 microg) had no noticeable effect. Tamoxifen and flutamide induced PR and slightly upregulated ERalpha immunoexpression but had only a minor or no effect on AR expression and the stromal:epithelial ratio, though flutamide retarded normal development of the SVs. The latter was also evident in GnRHa-treated males, but otherwise this treatment had no effect on AR and PR immunoexpression. None of the foregoing treatments had any detectable effect on the immunoexpression of ERss in stromal or epithelial cells. The major treatment-induced changes in immunoexpression of AR, PR, and ERalpha and lack of change in ERss were confirmed by Western blots of SV protein extracts. None of the three weak (environmental) estrogens tested caused any detectable change in sex steroid receptor immunoexpression or SV tissue composition. We conclude that treatment-induced loss of AR is a prerequisite for altered stromal:epithelial proportions in the SVs and that such loss is always associated with induction of PR and upregulation of ERalpha; the latter two changes are insufficient on their own to bring about such a change. Nevertheless, induction of PR expression was always associated with altered SV development and is a potentially useful marker because it is not normally expressed in male reproductive tissues.
Serum creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CPK2) in myositis. A report of six cases
Authors: K. Brownlow
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) isoenzyme levels were studied in six cases: two with polymyositis, two with dermatomyositis, and two with viral myositis without neurological involvement. In all patients, agarose gel fractionation and fluorometric quantitation of serum CPK isoenzymes showed the presence of CPK<sub>2</sub>, although there was no evidence of myocardial infarction. Thus, CPK<sub>2</sub>is not exclusively found in myocardial infarction. The prolonged elevation of CPK<sub>2</sub>levels during periods of acute exacerbation of myositis in the reported cases is in contrast to the usual transient increases in myocardial infarction. Levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase, and aldolase were invariably increased in these patients. The expected LDH<sub>5</sub>increase with myositis was not found. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1141-1144, 1974)
Book Review Practical Management of Pain Second edition. Edited by P. Prithvi Raj. 1096 pp., illustrated. St. Louis, Mosby-Year Book, 1992. $155. ISBN 0–8151–7012–2 . The Management of Chronic Pain By A.W. Diamond and S.W. Coniam. 173 pp., illustrated. New York, Oxford University Press, 1992. $42.50. ISBN 0–19–263002–4 . Management of Acute Pain By Gilbert Park and Barbara Fulton. 166 pp. New York, Oxford University Press, 1992. $29.95. ISBN 0–19–263016–4 .
Authors: F. Michael Ferrante
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
Acute and Subchronic Toxicity of Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether
Authors: Tipton R. Tyler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The available information on the acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is reviewed. Data from animal studies have been examined from the standpoint of dose-response relationships and the sensitivity of various animal species, including man, to the effects of this chemical. In view of recent findings with other chemically related glycol ethers, particular attention has been given to possible adverse effects on blood and testicular tissue. In evaluating the hazard that this chemical may pose to man, consideration has been given to likely routes of exposure and its irritant properties. It is concluded that the available information continues to support the current ACGIH TWA8-TLV of 25 ppm with a STEL of 75 ppm.
Psychiatrist, Rabbi Agree on Importance Of Warm Physician-Patient Relationship
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The obituary of an idea
Authors: R. H. Moser
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Several months ago the AMA Council on Drugs quietly announced that its Registry on Adverse Reactions was being phased out. Some older members of the Council greeted the announcement (which had been anticipated for quite some time) with nostalgia, but the message fell upon the rest of the land with the same kitten-soft impact that had characterized the entire venture. The enthusiasm of the profession for reporting adverse drug reactions had become somewhat less than tepid. But it did not start that way. In 1954 the AMA Registry on Blood Dyscrasias was established. This noble effort was ably and enthusiastically chaired by Maxwell M. Wintrobe, MD, and Charles Huguley, MD. It was the first organized attempt to gather meaningful data in an area that had long been ignored. The AMA had a potential information source of over 7,000 hospitals and 250,000 physicians. After an early flurry of activity it became
BELGIUM
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>Pneumonia Among the Black Races</h3> The extreme gravity and the marked contagiousness of pneumonia among the black races are well known. These facts have been especially noted in the military instruction camps. Among all groups of the black races that have left their native country for the first time and come in contact with other races more or less immunized, pneumonia spreads with rapidity and increases to an extreme virulence, causing frightful epidemics. Dr. Kadaner has recently called the attention of the Société belge de médecine tropicale to the fact that every camp containing several hundred members of the black races should have a preparatory detention camp in case new nonimmunized workers are received from time to time, in order that they may not come in contact at once with those of their race who have been some time in camp. Contact should be brought about slowly and under proper
The Extraordinary Book
Authors: Stuart Shipko, I. Modai, A. Bleich, Galia Cygielman, Ranjan Roy, Maurizio Fava, Giovanni A. Fava, Robert Kellner, Emanuela Serafini, Ismaele Mastrogiacomo, Rolf Eide, Reidar Thyholdt, Espen Hamre
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)
An OST (opiate substitution therapy)-based hepatology service facility (OHSF) with access to chronic hepatitis C treatment: the example of an one stop shop as a practical step towards HCV elimination in patients who use drugs (PWUD)
Authors: Nikolaos Papadopoulos, Sofia Vasileiadi, Anastasia Drimousi, Constantia Alexakou, Maria Kollitsida, Anastasios Tsantilas, Konstantinos Stamatopoulos, Argirios Kotsalis, Theodoros Papadopoulos, Melanie Deutsch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Distinction Awards System
Authors: A Adam, Peter Jones, Peter Brunnen, Robert Main, P Brunt, Norman Matheson, L Davidson, W Michie, Allan Downie, R Milne, W Emslie, Ashley Mowat, N Fraser, C Needham, W Gauld, Alec Rennie, F Sambrook Gowar, David Short, N Hendry, J Wyper, J Hern
Journal: BMJ (1975)

If one contract is to be the rule for all consultants in all parts of Britain, then it must be generally and freely agreed as the best obtainable.At a meeting of consultants in this city on 8 January 73 voted to retain the present form of w,holeor part-time contract, provided it is suitably priced, and five voted for a fixed-time 10-session type of contract.If this feeling is widespread in Scotland (or, maybe, over the United Kingdom as a whole) serious consideration must be given by our negotiators to this body of opinion.The time has come to stand back and re-examine the wisdom of this headlong rush for a fixed-time contract.When the full implications of any fixed-time contract have been critically examined then many, even of those initially in favour of such oDntracts,
Effective regurgitant orifice area correlates with biomechanical characteristics of myxomatous mitral valve: using direct quantification by three-dimensional echocardiography
Authors: C.S. Breburda, I. Vessely, A.R. Brewer, N.R. Ratliff, D.M. Cosgrovo, J.D. Thomas, B.P. Griffin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Systems and Technology for Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Six Cardiac and Vascular Cases: With Remarks and Engravings
Authors: E. Rickards
Journal: BMJ (1881)

CAXSE It. Commounbicions l)ct7vccnz the Aorta and/ PulmonaryAr/cry a ntmt lsc te I ri/ I SL Ventr icles: t1-co Aortic Se gm-nients.-
Obituary
Authors: M. W. Greaves
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Obituary Get access M. W. Greaves M. W. Greaves Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 5, 1 May 1996, Page 995, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb06354.x Published: 01 May 1996
Book Review Calcium Metabolism and Calcium Therapy . By Abraham Cantarow, M.D., Instructor in Medicine, Jefferson Medical College; in Charge of Laboratory of Biochemistry, Jefferson Hospital; Assistant Physician, Philadelphia General Hospital. With a Foreword by Hobart Amory Hare, B.Sc., M.D., LL.D., Late Professor of Therapeutics, Materia Medica and Diagnosis in the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Second Edition, thoroughly revised. Lea &amp; Febiger, Philadelphia, 1933. 252 Pages. …
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1933)
On Life Insurance among Medical Men: Provident Societies: Annuity &amp; Endowment Institutions: And the Benevolent Fund
Authors: W. Newnham
Journal: BMJ (1849)

in premature labour at seven months, the fifth arrived at full term.The extra-uterine was the sixth pregnancy.The fmetal movements were very percepti- ble up to the siixth month, when after exertion the patient felt the child suddenly start up towards the left bypochondrium, and lhen fall back again in the iliac region of the same side.She had at the same time violent abdominal pain and considerable heemo- rrhage.From this time the feetus ceased to move, and the body diminished in size.IHer symptoms after- wards were frequent and copious hminorrhages of periodical occurrence, in the intervals excessive abdominal pain.When seen by the author these symptoms had continued for six months.He dissovered a tumour above the right groin, in which it was easy to perceive the form of the fwetus.The os uteri was healthy and closed, the cervix of its natural size, and the whole organ was moveable.The patient being very anxious for an operation, after the inhalation of ether the author made an incision over the tumour, in a direction parallel to the linea alba.After dividing the skin, muscles, and peritoneum, he came upon a whitish membranie, forming a cyst and containing a matter very similar to adipocire; below this was another cyst which contained the limbs and trunk of a foetus, the head and upper extremities having escaped into the general cavity of the peritoneum, to which they had contracted firm adhesions.Further examina- tion shewed that the fundas of the uterus was destroyed, the cyst containing adipocire being closely adherent to, and forming one cavity with the uterus; the cysts were removed and the abdominal incision closed by inter- rupted suture.As the vagina communicated directly with the peritoneal cavity, it was not necessary to insert a teut into the lower part of the incision, the discharges being enabled to draw off per vias naturales.The subject of this extraordinary case is said to have perfectly recovered.The Academy was subsequently occupied with a renewed discussion on the fatal cases of chloroform inhalation, but nothing transpired worthy of further notice.
Poisoning by a Malathion-Xylene Mixture
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal