tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AMA and Surgeons Address Workforce Planning
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inherited mutations in breast cancer genes in African American breast cancer patients revealed by targeted genomic capture and next-generation sequencing.
Authors: Jane E. Churpek, Tom Walsh, Yonglan Zheng, Silvia Casadei, Anne M. Thornton, Ming K. Lee, Matthew Churpek, Dezheng Huo, Cecilia Zvosec, Fang Liu, Qun Niu, Jing Zhang, James Fackenthal, Mary-Claire King, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

CRA1501 Background: African American (AA) women are disproportionately affected by early-onset and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). One explanation for these disparities may be a higher frequency of inherited mutations among AA women in genes in DNA repair pathways, including BRCA1 and BRCA2. Using targeted genomic capture and next generation sequencing (NGS), we screened DNA from AA women with breast cancer for mutations in all 18 known breast cancer genes. Methods: A total of 249 unrelated AA women with breast cancer were ascertained through the Cancer Risk Clinic at The University of Chicago. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and 3 micrograms were used for targeted capture and sequencing. Average read depth across the 1.4 MB targeted region was 320-fold. Sequence reads were aligned and all classes of variants identified: point mutations, small insertions and deletions, and large genomic rearrangements. Only unambiguously damaging mutations were called: stops, complete genomic deletions, and missenses demonstrated experimentally to cause loss of protein function. Variants were validated by PCR or Taqman analysis. Results: Fifty-six of 249 subjects (22%) carried at least one loss-of-function mutation, distributed among BRCA1 (n=26), BRCA2 (n=20), CHEK2 (n=3), PALB2 (n=3), ATM (n=5), and PTEN (n=1). The majority of mutations were unique. Damaging mutations were carried by 30% of patients with TNBC, 27% of patients diagnosed at age ≤45, 49% with a second breast primary, and 30% with a family history of either breast or ovarian cancer in any close relative. Conclusions: We present the first comprehensive screen of all known breast cancer susceptibility genes among AA women using NGS. Mutation carrier frequencies are &gt;25% for major subsets of patients defined by tumor or host characteristics. These high carrier frequencies suggest the importance of screening for mutations in all breast cancer genes in all AA breast cancer patients diagnosed at a young age, with a family history, or with TNBC as a way to identify at-risk family members for life-saving interventions.
Rush Monument.
Authors: W. B. Atkinson
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Philadelphia, Nov. 4, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As the committee on Rush monument are desirous of having a thorough organization of the profession in the States and Territories, will you please urge immediate attention to the request for the appointment of a committeeman for each State and Territory? Thus far very few have notified me of any selection of a representative. Yours very truly,
Concerning Dispensaries.
Authors: None S. F. B.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

New York, Aug. 20, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —A circular of information wanted, is being sent to the various dispensaries of New York City by the State Board of Charities. I presume that it is sent to all dispensaries alike, both large and small. Among the questions to be answered are the following: If connected with a medical college, hospital, or any other institution, state the name thereof. The name of the governing board of the dispensary. The stated times of meeting of said board. The average attendance at meetings. How often have the members examined the work of the dispensary? What forms of records are kept? What means are employed to determine that each patient is unable to pay for medical or for surgical treatment? What charge, if any, is made to patients for treatment? What charge, if any, is made to patients for medicine? If any members
Medicolegal.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3630: Sex Differences in the Characteristics of Patients Receiving ICD Therapy for Primary Prevention
Authors: Stacie L Daugherty, Pamela N Peterson, Yongfei Wang, Jeptha P Curtis, Paul A Heidenreich, Harlan M Krumholz, Humberto J Vidaillet, Frederick A Masoudi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Prior studies suggest that women are less likely than men to be referred for ICD implantation for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. We hypothesized that women who undergo primary prevention ICD implantation would be more likely to meet strict evidence-based criteria for this therapy. Methods: We studied 59,833 patients in the NCDR ICD national registry who underwent first-time primary prevention ICD placement between January 2005 and April 2007. Patients were classified according to whether or not they met enrollment criteria of either of two primary prevention trials (MADIT-II: prior MI, LVEF ≤ 30% and MI&gt;40 days or SCD-HeFT: prior heart failure; LVEF≤ 35%, and NYHA class II or III, unless receiving a biventricular pacemaker/ICD (BiV ICD), in which case NYHA IV was considered acceptable). Multivariable analyses assessed the association between sex and concordance with trial enrollment criteria after adjustment for demographic, clinical and health system characteristics. Results: Among the primary prevention cohort, 27% (n=16,079) were women. Compared with men, women were more often non-white (23.5% vs. 16.8%, p&lt;0.01) had higher NYHA classifications (62.9% vs. 54.7% in class III or IV, p&lt;0.01), and more frequently had a history of heart failure (88.3% vs. 83.2%, p&lt;0.01) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (47.0% vs. 28.1%, p&lt;0.01). Women were also more likely to receive a BiV ICD than men (49.4% vs. 42.2%, p&lt;0.01). Overall, 86.1% of women and 85.6% of men met the major primary prevention trials enrollment criteria (p=0.08). Men more often failed to meet trial criteria due to LVEF above cutoff (9.5% vs. 6.7%, p&lt;0.01) or having an MI≤ 40 days before implant (5.7% vs. 4.5%, p&lt;0.01). In multivariable analyses, women were significantly more likely to meet either trial enrollment criteria (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03–1.15) than men. Conclusions : In a large national registry of patients undergoing primary prevention ICD implantation, women were slightly more likely than men to meet the enrollment criteria for MADIT II or SCD-HeFT. As it is not known if patients who fail to meet these criteria benefit from ICD implantation, the implications of this differential pattern of use on outcomes should be investigated.
Nutrition
Authors: R. M. Russell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) are the focal point of the most recent advances in nutrition, particularly as they relate to the prevention of chronic disease. Coronary heart disease accounts for about 35% of deaths in the United States. Elevated levels of blood homocysteine have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, independent of other known risk factors.<sup>1</sup>The mechanism whereby such damage occurs is uncertain, although homocysteine may act as a direct vascular toxin. Deficiencies of folic acid, vitamin B<sub>6</sub>, and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>may all lead to moderate homocysteinemia by causing disturbances in homocysteine metabolism. Since folate and vitamin B<sub>6</sub>deficiencies are particularly common among elderly Americans, the stage is now set for randomized controlled trials of vitamin supplementation to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and other vascular diseases.<sup>2</sup> In addition, preliminary evidence suggests that natural antioxidants (vitamin
The osteopathic dilemma: separate or same?
Authors: Michael J. Dainer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Gevitz<sup>1</sup>has explored, concisely, the history of homeopathy and osteopathy in the United States. His article described osteopathy's heritage and original tenets. The subsequent development and incorporation of a medical curriculum in osteopathic institutions has permitted contemporary osteopathic physicians to enjoy previously unknown prestige and uncompromised opportunity. Many of us have proudly accepted opportunities to pursue specialty training programs leading to board certification. Our success has permitted us, individually and collectively, to become recognized as fully qualified physicians of equal stature. During this period of transition, osteopathic physicians have had an increasingly difficult time maintaining their separate professions. Can we honestly maintain that the tenets of osteopathy responsible for the development of a separate philosophy, theory, and practice of medicine are germane today? Osteopathic medical practice at the turn of the century bore no resemblance to standard allopathic practice. Osteopathy cast aside an entire body of
Haemophilus influenzae pericarditis and empyema with thyroiditis in an adult
Authors: R. N. Alsever
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A 26-year-old woman had acute thyroiditis. Forty-eight hours later, pericardial tamponade and empyema developed requiring surgical intervention.<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type B was recovered from blood and pleural and pericardial fluid. Treatment with chloramphenicol, and later, ampicillin sodium resulted in recovery. Challenge with<i>H influenzae</i>antigen six months later was followed by a brisk rise in bactericidal antibody, suggesting the patient was nonimmune. Because of the apparently increasing number of such nonimmune adults,<i>H influenzae</i>must be considered as a cause of similar life-threatening infections in this age group. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1426-1427, 1974)
Laboratoriumstechnik und Röntgenverfahren: Ein Handbuch für den Arzt und die technische Assistentin.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ITALY
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Steroid Chemistry
Authors: E. J. Wayne
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Protein aggregates containing ubiquitin (Ub) are commonly observed in neurodegenerative disorders, implicating the involvement of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in their pathogenesis. Here, we aimed to generate a mouse model for monitoring UPS function using a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based substrate that carries a “noncleavable” N-terminal ubiquitin moiety (Ub<sup>G76V</sup>). We engineered transgenic mice expressing a fusion protein, consisting of the following: (1) Ub<sup>G76V</sup>, GFP, and a synaptic vesicle protein synaptobrevin-2 (Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2); (2) GFP-Syb2; or (3) Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syntaxin1, all under the control of a neuron-specific <i>Thy-1</i> promoter. As expected, Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2, GFP-Syb2, and Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Sytaxin1 were highly expressed in neurons, such as motoneurons and motor nerve terminals of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Surprisingly, Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2 mice developed progressive adult-onset degeneration of motor nerve terminals, whereas GFP-Syb2 and Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syntaxin1 mice were normal. The degeneration of nerve terminals in Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2 mice was preceded by a progressive impairment of synaptic transmission at the NMJs. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2 interacted with SNAP-25 and Syntaxin1, the SNARE partners of synaptobrevin. Ultrastructural analyses revealed a marked reduction in synaptic vesicle density, accompanying an accumulation of tubulovesicular structures at presynaptic nerve terminals. These morphological defects were largely restricted to motor nerve terminals, as the ultrastructure of motoneuron somata appeared to be normal at the stages when synaptic nerve terminals degenerated. Furthermore, synaptic vesicle endocytosis and membrane trafficking were impaired in Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2 mice. These findings indicate that Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2 may compete with endogenous synaptobrevin, acting as a gain-of-function mutation that impedes SNARE function, resulting in the depletion of synaptic vesicles and degeneration of the nerve terminals. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Degeneration of motor nerve terminals occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients as well as in mouse models of ALS, leading to progressive paralysis. What causes a motor nerve terminal to degenerate remains unknown. Here we report on transgenic mice expressing a ubiquitinated synaptic vesicle protein (Ub<sup>G76V</sup>-GFP-Syb2) that develop progressive degeneration of motor nerve terminals. These mice may serve as a model for further elucidating the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of presynaptic nerve terminal degeneration.
A Practical Theory and Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The history of malariotherapy for neurosyphilis. Modern parallels
Authors: S. C. Austin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE ACQUIRED immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic and the attempt to deregulate drug approval with the goal of hastening a cure have parallels with another sexually transmitted disease and the search for its cure. Syphilis and one of its dread consequences, neurosyphilis, was a disease that consumed much public health concern, and whose putative "cure," malariotherapy, earned the 1927 Nobel Prize in Medicine for the Austrian psychiatrist Julius Wagner-Jauregg. In reviewing the history of syphilis, the true benefits of malariotherapy are unknown because of the research methods used at the time. Was malariotherapy efficacious? This historical question is relevant to the present debate over drug regulations and AIDS, because abandonment of drug evaluation protocols could return us to the methodologic environment of Wagner-Jauregg's day. It seems worthwhile to review the similarities and differences between the two diseases, social climates, and searches for cures. In Europe and the United States at the
Molecular Pathogenesis Of Ph-Positive Leukemias
Authors: S. Clark
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1989)

The strong association between the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) suggests that the Ph translocation plays a significant role in CML pathogenesis. For this reason, Ph-positive leukemias have been well studied from the molecular, clinical, and cell biological perspective. We attempt to integrate these data in order to better our understanding of the role of the Ph chromosome in human leukemia.
From the National Institutes of Health
Authors: B. Healy
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Organization
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal