tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ERRATUM
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

In the Abstract, the third to last sentence referred to non-small-cell lung cancer, whereas it should have been small-cell lung cancer, as follows: "Activity has also been noted in patients with breast cancer and small-cell lung cancer."In the Clinical Studies section, under Phase I and Pharmacokinetics, the third sentence should have indicated that single doses were given on days 1 and 2, as follows: "In early studies, single doses of 150 mg/m 2 were delivered on days 1 and 2. 24 "In Table 1, overall response and complete remission for the Kath study were given as 65% and 26%, and should have been 75% and 36%, respectively.For the Fischer study, overall response was given as 67%, and should have been 65%.For the Kahl study, overall response and complete remission were given as 75% and 14%, and should have been 84% and 32%, respectively.For the Robinson study, overall response and complete remission were given as 94% and 41%, and should have been 92% and 55%, respectively.For the Pönisch study, overall response was given as 70% for regimen B and 75% for regimen M, and should have been 75% for regimen B and 70% for regimen M.Also in Table 1, the regimen for the Weide study should have noted "every 28 days" as follows: B: 80 mg/m 2 days 1-3; ϩ Mitox: 10 mg/m 2 day 1; repeat day 36; ϩ R: 375 mg/m 2 weeks 2-5, every 28 days.The online version has been corrected in departure from the print.
Unique medical problems of military become part of intensified research into women's health
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1995)

THERE ARE approximately 340 000 women in the US Armed Forces—nearly 200 000 on active duty and the rest serving part-time as reservists—and those numbers are expected to grow. Now, efforts to redress medical research's insufficient attention to women (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1049-1051, 1055) are extending to this population. The $500-million Women's Health Initiative (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:469-470, 473) already is under way. But Congress, noting that women in the military face health issues unlikely to be studied in civilian research, directed the Department of Defense to set up what now is the Defense Women's Health Research Program. <h3>Army Asks Advice</h3> The US Army manages the program, in coordination with the other military services and some federal agencies, through its Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md. For advice about how to use Congress' 2-year $80-million appropriation (which the House of Representatives is threatening to cut by 85% in 1996), the command
Comparison of three cholesterol-lowering diets in normolipidemic men
Authors: S. M. Grundy
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Saturated fatty acids and cholesterol in the diet raise the plasma cholesterol concentration, and a reduction in these constituents is recommended widely. However, there is not general agreement as to which nutrients should replace saturated fatty acids. Several different substitute nutrients are possible. In this study, three cholesterol-lowering diets were compared in nine men living in a domiciliary. On a typical American diet at baseline, cholesterol levels were in the normal range. One replacement diet was high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (High Poly); another had 30% fat and corresponded to the American Heart Association's (AHA) recommended diet for the general public (AHA phase I); the third diet had 20% fat, equivalent to the AHA phase III diet for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Compared with baseline levels, all diets caused similar reductions in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but the High Poly and AHA phase III diets lowered the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level more than the AHA phase I diet. Thus, for the limited number of patients in this study, the diet recommended for the general public appeared as effective for lowering of cholesterol levels as diets containing more polyunsaturates or more carbohydrates. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:2351-2355)
Stat Bite: Female Ph.D. Graduates by Field
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

In Europe, the number of women receiving a doctoral degree has increased during the last five years.As of 2005, women received 60.5% of Ph.D.-level degrees.However, women continue to lag behind in the sciences, especially in the areas of engineering, manufacturing, and construction.This is true even in countries where women and men choose other scientific fields in roughly equal numbers.Graduates in Europe tend to follow the same trends as those in the United States.
Primary Care
Authors: Lawrence L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Like so many euphemisms, "primary care" has become either meaningless or pejorative. The obstetrician-gynecologist, family physician, internist, emergency room physician, nurse practitioner, and pediatrician, all have claimed the term or have had the epithet hurled at them. The denigrative use of the concept by some of the contributors to this volume is evident. However, there are several contributions where the term is used as a professional accolade. Special notice and commendation must be given to Irving Polayes' "Fingertip Injuries" as well as to Anthony Reading's "Dealing With Alcoholism in Office Practice." Both authors are lucid and informative. Polayes presents a reasonably detailed analysis of common digital trauma and discusses the rationale of surgical repair, with a concern for function and cosmesis. (Twenty photographs and one drawing illustrate his examples.) In quite a different style, Reading's essay emphasizes the patient-physician relationship and warns of pitfalls in the treatment of the alcoholic.
La Ureteropielografía y su Importancia Clínica.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comitogenic effects of estrogens on DNA synthesis induced by various growth factors in cultured female rat hepatocytes
Authors: N Ni
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Ethinyl estradiol is a weak complete carcinogen and potent tumor promoter. In vivo, ethinyl estradiol causes a rapid but transient increase in liver growth, whereas in cultured female hepatocytes it enhances DNA synthesis induced by epidermal growth factor and is thus classified as a comitogen. The objectives of this study were to determine: (a) whether estradiol also has comitogenic activity; (b) whether the comitogenic effects of estrogen extend to complete hepatic mitogens other than epidermal growth factor and (c) whether inhibition of hepatocyte DNA synthesis by transforming growth factor-β can be blocked by estradiol. Female rat hepatocytes in primary culture were exposed to estradiol with and without various growth factors, and we determined DNA synthesis by measuring [3H]thymidine incorporation into extracted DNA or by determining the nuclear labeling index by means of autoradiography. The results show that estradiol, like ethinyl estradiol, has comitogenic activity for epidermal growth factor, although it is somewhat less potent. Four complete hepatic mitogens showed different abilities to stimulate DNA synthesis, with hepatocyte growth factor > transforming growth factor-alpha > epidermal growth factor > acidic fibroblast growth factor. Estradiol enhanced DNA synthesis occurring in response to all four of these complete hepatic mitogens. This finding suggests that the mechanism of estrogen comitogenesis may involve effects at a point where the different signal-transduction pathways leading from the growth factors converge. The level of estrogen-mediated enhancement of DNA synthesis was similar for all four mitogens, ranging from 1.5- to 2.2-fold, depending on the experiment. Furthermore, determination of the nuclear labeling index showed that estrogen enhancement of DNA synthesis was associated with an increase in the percentage of hepatocytes that responded to the growth factors. Finally, estradiol did not specifically block the growth-inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor-ß. (Hepatology 1994;19:183–192).
Obstetrics
Authors: Benjamin Tenney, A. Brian Little
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

IT is natural that progress is reported not only in new achievements in science and obstetrics but also, what is perhaps of more importance, in the re-evaluation of existing technics or therapy in the light of present knowledge. The problems that will be considered are necessarily not all inclusive and only represent the few observations that we have thought would bear some consideration at this time.Diagnostic Radiation in ObstetricsSince the atomic-bomb blasts at Hiroshima there has been an increased awareness of the presence and effect of radiation. In spite of the fact that it has been known for . . .
Abstract 1554: PX-18 - A Novel Inhibitor of Type IIA Secretory Phospholipase A <sub>2</sub> Induces Pre and Post-Conditioning against Myocardial Infarction in Rabbit: Role of Mitochondrial K <sub>ATP</sub> Channels.
Authors: Ramzi A Ockaili, Fadi Salloum, Christopher K Mehta, Richard C Franson, Rakesh C Kukreja
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The low-molecular-weight, calcium-dependent type IIA secretory phospholipase A 2 (sPLA 2 ) has been implicated in irreversible cell damage following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We examined the protective effect of PX-18, a novel sPLA 2 inhibitor, during I/R in the heart. Since mitochondrial K ATP (mitoK ATP ) channel opening is an essential component of ischemic tolerance induced by preconditioning in hearts, we also interrogated the role of these channels in PX-18-induced protection. Methods and Results: Rabbits were treated with PX-18 (60 mg/kg ip) 30 min prior to 30 min of regional ischemia and 3 hrs of reperfusion. MitoK ATP channel blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD, 5 mg/kg iv) was given 10 min before I/R. Infarct size (IS) was measured by computer morphometry of tetrazolium stained sections. IS (mean ± SE) was reduced in rabbits treated with PX-18 as compared to vehicle or non-treated controls (43% reduction)[Fig.1 ]. 5-HD blocked the protection of PX-18 as shown by an increase in IS. 5-HD alone had no effect on IS. Risk areas were not different among groups (not shown). Furthermore, PX-18 administration as an iv bolus (30 mg/kg) further reduced IS, both when given post-ischemia (55% reduction), and, importantly, when given 1 hr after reperfusion (61% reduction) [Fig. 1 ]. PX-18 had no significant effect on hemodynamics. Conclusion: These data suggest that PX-18 induces pharmacological preconditioning in the heart which is mediated by opening of mitoK ATP channels. Also, the drug was cardioprotective when administered after ischemia or 1 hr after reperfusion. We conclude that inhibition of sPLA2 is a powerful strategy to induce protection against I/R injury.
THE ACCOMMODATION.
Authors: J. G. HUIZINGA
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Accommodation is that function of the visual organ whereby it is able to adjust itself so that rays of light coming from different distances may all be focused upon the retina consecutively. In other words, it is that power of the eye whereby the refraction of the organ may be increased or decreased within certain limits at will. ''The contraction of the ciliary muscles causes the zone of Zinn to advance, and thus diminishes the traction exerted by the latter upon the crystalline. The lens, abandoned to itself, assumes the form which the elasticity of its fibers naturally gives it, and becomes more convex, especially its anterior surface. ''When the innervation ceases, the ciliary muscles are relaxed; the ciliary processes become tense, and stretch the zone of Zinn, which, in turn, flattens the crystalline by exerting upon it a traction in the direction of its equator." Thus during a large
SEVERE EFFECTS OF DIPTERIC PARASITISM AT ST. LOUIS.
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Graphene Oxide‐Copper Nanocomposite‐Coated Porous CaP Scaffold for Vascularized Bone Regeneration via Activation of Hif‐1α
Authors: Wenjie Zhang, Qing Chang, Ling Xu, Guanglong Li, Guangzheng Yang, Xun Ding, Xiansong Wang, Daxiang Cui, Xinquan Jiang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2019)

Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2016, 5, 1299–1309 The Supporting Information file that was originally published for this article was incorrect. To correct this error, the Supporting Information available from the publisher website has been updated. The results reported in the article are not affected. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Novel Celecoxib Derivative, OSU03012, Induces Cytotoxicity in Primary CLL Cells and Transformed B-Cell Lymphoma Via a Caspase and Bcl-2 Independent Mechanism.
Authors: Amy Johnson, Lisa Smith, Jiuxiang Zhu, Nyla Heerema, Sara Guster, Andrew Mone, Michael Grever, Ching-Shih Chen, John Byrd
Journal: Blood (2004)
Abstract 44: Assessment of pancreatic cancer 3D organotypic cultures as models for functional preclinical analysis
Authors: Shannon R. Nelson, Sandra Roche, Fiona O'Neill, AnneMarie Larkin, John Crown, Naomi Walsh
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the deadliest of all cancers, with a five-year survival rate of 8%. Decades of research has done little to improve patient outcomes. To identify key therapeutic strategies, appropriate research preclinical models are critical for testing the efficacy of drugs or downstream functional genomic analysis. Current methods of growing PDAC established cell lines in a 2D monolayer do not fully represent how the tumor cells grow in vivo as they fail to recapitulate the physiology of tumors in vivo due to different architecture, adherence structures and biochemical gradients. Patient-derived xenografts can retain the histological and genetic characteristics of their donor tumor and can remain stable across passages. Three-dimensional (3D) organoids grown ex vivo are tractable also retain the architecture, genotype and phenotype of a patients’ tumor. However, a detailed comparative assessment of the utility of organoids, matched 2D cell lines and 3D cell organotypic models to assess the complex biology, interactions, response to therapeutic regimens has not been performed. Using our unique protocol, we have established PDAC organoids and isogenetically matched 2D cell lines derived from PDAC PDX tumors. To establish if these matched 2D cell lines grown in 3D can recapitulate the organoid model, we cultured the matched cell lines in 3D organoid media in non-adherent, Matrigel containing cultures. The expression of PDAC histological markers between the original tumor, the PDX tumor, organoid and matched cell line in 3D and 2D has identified differential expression of tumor initiating cell (TIC) markers. RNA-seq transcriptomics of the 2D cell line models, matched recapitulated 3D organotypic models, organoids, PDX-tumor and patient tumor will reveal the application of these models for ex vivo downstream functional analysis. Citation Format: Shannon R. Nelson, Sandra Roche, Fiona O'Neill, AnneMarie Larkin, John Crown, Naomi Walsh. Assessment of pancreatic cancer 3D organotypic cultures as models for functional preclinical analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 44.
Malformed infant.
Authors: A J Barson
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Surely the essential feature is the presence of a significant degree of mitral stenosis -that is to say, enough to raise left atrial pressure under various conditions such as exercise, emotion, pregnancy, or tachycardia from any cause.Operation for removal of clot is not an accepted procedure apart from valvotomy.The statement that valvotomy is indi- cated "provided the valve is suitable for it" is in our experience meaningless because what the surgeon will be able to achieve cannot by any method be predicted pre- operatively.The unreliability of the signs of a so-called pliant valve have been pre- viously stressed.5An excellent valvotomy
QuickStats: Age-Adjusted Percentage* of Adults Aged ≥45 Years Who Were Limited in Any Way Because of Difficulty Remembering or Periods of Confusion,† by Race/Ethnicity§ — United States, 2014–2016¶
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Overall, 5.1% of adults aged ≥45 years were limited in any way because of difficulty remembering or periods of confusion. The percentage of adults experiencing this limitation was highest among non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native adults (9.8%) and non-Hispanic black adults (7.4%), followed by Hispanic adults (5.6%), non-Hispanic white adults (4.7%), and non-Hispanic Asian adults (4.1%).
Sublimate Poisoning.
Authors: Holmes, E. W.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Philadelphia, July 22, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Under Philadelphia Notes in your issue of July 20, you record a case of recovery from 15 grains corrosive sublimate. Some five or six years ago one of my patients, a young married woman, in a fit of jealousy, swallowed two tablets of corrosive sublimate, grs. 7.7 each, with suicidal intent. Fortunately I was promptly called, was in the house within twenty minutes, and by the use of emetics followed by egg albumen, succeeded in saving the patient. There was no salivation, but a subacute gastritis lasting about ten days resulted. Respectfully yours,
Critical Periods for Behavioral Anomalies in Mice
Authors: Patricia M. Rodier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

While mice have been used less frequently than rats in behavioral research, there use has some advantages in teratological studies. The development of the mouse CNS has been investigated more extensively than that of the rat. Since time of insult has been found to be an important factor in effects on both anatomy and behavior, data on the sequence of events in CNS development are valuable in planning and interpreting behavioral assessments of potential teratogens. A comparison of studies in mice and rats suggests that behavioral effects of teratogens are similar in the two species and demonstrates that mice can be used successfully in a variety of behavioral evaluations.
Contents: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 20/2017)
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2017)

Small is the very best interdisciplinary forum for all experimental and theoretical aspects of fundamental and applied research at the micro and nano length scales.With an ISI Impact Factor of 8.64 and publishing every week with papers online in advance of print, Small is your first-choice venue for top-quality communications, detailed full papers, cutting-edge concepts, and in-depth reviews of all things micro and nano.www.small-journal.com
Stress and skin disease quality of life: the moderating role of anxiety sensitivity social concerns
Authors: L.J. Dixon, S.M. Witcraft, N.K. McCowan, R.T. Brodell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Summary The term ‘stress’ is used to describe when a person feels tense or under pressure. An interesting fact is that stress can make some skin diseases worse, and can even trigger some skin diseases. This can lead to a vicious circle for patients, as their skin disease causes more stress, which then in turn worsens the symptoms, and so on. Little is known about psychological risk factors that play a part in this link between stress and skin disease, but it is thought that one relevant factor is ‘anxiety sensitivity (AS) social concerns’. This is when a person is fearful of anxiety-related sensations (e.g. sweating, flushing) because they are worried about social consequences (the reactions of other people e.g., rejection or humiliation). Thus the person is worried about the visible signs of their anxiety. In this study from the U.S., 237 people with skin disease symptoms completed questionnaires assessing stress, AS social concerns, skin disease quality of life, and the severity of their skin symptoms. The study found that people with high AS social concerns are more likely to notice and fear the social repercussions of (e.g. how other people react to) physical signs caused by stress or skin disease, thereby worsening the impact of skin disease on their emotional wellbeing and their everyday life. However, people with high AS social concern did not report worse quality of life relating to the physical symptoms of their skin disorder, suggesting that stress was not linked to symptom severity.
Nicholas Copernicus and the inception of bread-buttering
Authors: S. B. Hand
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Historians have classically emphasized social, economic, and cultural factors as having the greatest impact upon the development of dietary habits. While their basic assumptions have doubtless been correct, they have unfortunately tended to ignore other significant factors. This essay will elaborate upon certain political and military circumstances and their relevance to the inception of buttered bread. During the first quarter of the 16th century, Ermland was the scene of frequent and terrible devastation. Bordering upon the Gulf of Danzig, Ermland was one of the four dioceses into which Prussia had been divided for purposes of ecclesiastical government. Its bishop, Fabian von Lossainen, was both temporal and spiritual ruler, and his secular responsibilities were the more burdensome. A vassal of the King of Poland, the Bishop was frequently engaged in conflict with the Order of Teutonic Knights. The Order had formerly ruled Ermland and periodically launched military expeditions to regain supremacy.