tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Graduate medical education
Authors: A. E. Crowley
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>INTRODUCTION</h3> This annual report on graduate medical education in the United States for the 1985-1986 academic year contains data on the number of residency programs by specialty and by region, the number of positions offered, the number of trainees by specialty and by region, the number of foreign medical graduates in each specialty and in each state, and information on the ethnic background and citizenship of trainees. It also includes the results of a special survey of programs that accept medical school graduates who have had no previous graduate medical training, ie, programs that offer "postgraduate-year-1" (PGY-1) positions. <h3>RESIDENT AND RELATED TERMS</h3> In the medical education community, the terms<i>intern, resident</i>, and<i>fellow</i>are used with widely different meanings. Variation in the use of these terms occurs from specialty to specialty, from institution to institution, and even from department to department within the same institution. At times, the generic term
Oyster-associated hepatitis. Failure of shellfish certification programs to prevent outbreaks
Authors: B. L. Portnoy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

During October and November 1973, outbreaks of hepatitis A associated with consumption of raw oysters occurred in Houston and in Calhoun, Ga. The oysters implicated in both outbreaks had been harvested in two Louisiana bays. Although the bays had been contaminated with polluted Mississippi River water two months before the oysters were harvested, at the time of harvesting the bays met national sanitation standards for shellfish growing and were certified for oyster fishing. These epidemics raise serious questions about the adequacy of shellfish sanitation monitoring systems currently in use. (<i>JAMA</i>233:1065-1068, 1975)
The effect of exercise in muscular dystrophy
Authors: P. J. Vignos
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Twenty-four patients with muscular dystrophy carried out a maximum resistance exercise program for one year. Improvement in muscle strength occurred in all patients throughout the first four months of exercise regardless of type of dystrophy. Subsequently, a plateau occurred which was maintained throughout the period of observation. The increased muscle function as documented by objective measurements was correlated with the initial level of muscle function. Improvement in functional abilities was less than increase in muscle strength. Patients with "limb-girdle" and facioscapulohumeral dystrophy derived the greatest physical and functional benefit from the program. A resistive exercise program in muscular dystrophy is most effective if instituted early in the course of disease.
PUERPERAL INFECTION.
Authors: J. E. COWLES
Journal: JAMA (1897)

As this does not pretend to be an exhaustive treatise on puerperal fever, so-called, I will make no apology for slighting certain parts of the subject; and if I seem to wander too near the boundary line of the undiscovered, it will not be for the sake of the theorizing, but with the desire to draw, from reasonable inferences, certain conclusions that may assist in our every-day work. In regard to a choice of name for the puerperal condition now under consideration, there is not entire unanimity among medical men. Garrigues objects to the term puerperal fever, principally on the ground of its expressing only a symptom and in exceptional cases not even that, as he states there is sometimes no fever at all. Metria, he thinks too vague, and septicemia too strong a term for mild cases; therefore, he prefers the term "puerperal infection" and while admitting that it
Age related macular degeneration
Authors: A. Chopdar
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Age related macular degeneration is an increasing problem worldwide.Current treatment options can delay progression, and research continues into ways of reversing retinal damage An epidemic of "ageing" is impending in the Western world.According to the latest predictions released by the United Nations, the number of people aged over 60 will triple from 606 million worldwide in 2000 to nearly 2 billion by 2050.The increase in the population aged over 80 is expected to be more than fivefold, from 69 million in 2000 to 379 million by 2050.People aged over 60 constitute about 20% of the population in more developed regions of the world; by 2050 they will probably account for 33%. 1 The United Kingdom is predicted to have about 16 million people over the age of 60 by 2040. 2 One major implication of this demographic change is the emergence of conditions that are directly related to ageing.Age related macular degeneration is already the leading cause of blindness in the Western world.Between 20 and 25 million people are affected worldwide, a figure that will triple with the increase in the ageing population in the next 30-40 years. 2 According to the World Health Organization, 8 million people have severe blindness due to age related macular degeneration, excluding the countries where data are scare. 3 In a recent systematic review Fletcher et al estimate that somewhere between 182 000 and 300 000 people in the United Kingdom are blind or partially sighted as a result of age related macular degeneration. 4
Deaths from asphyxia among fisherman
Authors: R. I. Glass
Journal: JAMA (1980)

On July 19, 1978, two crewmen aboard a shrimp trawler died and the captain was hospitalized after being exposed to a toxic atmosphere in the ship's hold. Examination of the Coast Guard records of deaths at sea since 1970 led to the identification of 11 incidents involving 32 deaths by asphyxia. All deaths occurred in the unventilated holds of ships in warm waters and during warm months of the year. Asphyxia in the unventilated holds of ships is an underrecognized hazard. We recommend that fishermen be informed of this hazard, that ships' holds be ventilated before they are entered, and that safety protocols be provided to rescuers of persons found unconscious in a ship's hold. (<i>JAMA</i>244:2193-2194, 1980)
Neumología Y Cirugía de Tórax, Mexico
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgical Forum: Proceedings of the Forum Sessions, Thirty-Eighth Congress of the American College of Surgeons, New York City, September, 1952
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LEAD POISONING
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Brief
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
American Society of Clinical Oncology Technology Assessment on the Use of Aromatase Inhibitors as Adjuvant Therapy for Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: Status Report 2002
Authors: Eric P. Winer, Clifford Hudis, Harold J. Burstein, Rowan T. Chlebowski, James N. Ingle, Stephen B. Edge, Eleftherios P. Mamounas, Julie Gralow, Lori J. Goldstein, Kathleen I. Pritchard, Susan Braun, Melody A. Cobleigh, Amy S. Langer, Judy Perotti, Trevor J. Powles, Timothy J. Whelan, George P. Browman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

OBJECTIVE: To conduct an evidence-based technology assessment to determine whether the routine use of anastrozole or any of the aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant breast cancer setting is appropriate for broad-based conventional use in clinical practice. POTENTIAL INTERVENTIONS: Anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane. OUTCOMES: Outcomes of interest include breast cancer incidence, breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival, and net health benefit. EVIDENCE: A comprehensive, formal literature review was conducted for relevant topics and is detailed in the text. Testimony was collected from invited experts and interested parties. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)–prescribed technology assessment procedure was followed. BENEFITS/HARMS: The ASCO panel recognizes that a woman and her physician’s decision regarding adjuvant hormonal therapy is complex and will depend on the importance and weight attributed to information regarding both cancer and non–cancer-related risks and benefits. CONCLUSION: The panel was influenced by the compelling, extensive, and long-term data available on tamoxifen. Overall, the panel considers the results of the Arimidex (anastrozole) or Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial and the extensive supporting data to be very promising but insufficient to change the standard practice at this time (May 2002). A 5-year course of adjuvant tamoxifen remains the standard therapy for women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. The panel recommends that physicians discuss the available information with patients, and, in making a decision, acknowledge that treatment approaches can change over time. Individual health care providers and their patients will need to come to their own conclusions, with careful consideration of all of the available data. (Specific questions addressed by the panel are summarized in Appendix 3.) VALIDATION: The conclusions of the panel were endorsed by the ASCO Health Services Research Committee and the ASCO Board of Directors. SPONSOR: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Home Radiator Burns Among Inner-City Children—Chicago, September 1991-April 1994
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Contact with hot surfaces is a cause of substantial morbidity among children. In 1993, an estimated 1881 children visited emergency departments for treatment of burns related to nonvehicle radiators in the United States. This report summarizes the investigation of radiator burns among children aged 0-19 years living in a Chicago housing project and provides recommendations for preventing radiator burn injuries.
Mechanisms of Extradural Hematomas
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE TRANSMISSION OF MEDITERRANEAN FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Infantile Methemoglobinemia: Reexamining the Role of Drinking Water Nitrates
Authors: Alexander Austin Avery
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Ingestion of nitrates in drinking water has long been thought to be a primary cause of acquired infantile methemoglobinemia, often called blue baby syndrome. However, recent research and a review of historical cases offer a more complex picture of the causes of infantile methemoglobinemia. Gastrointestinal infection and inflammation and the ensuing overproduction of nitric oxide may be the cause of many cases of infantile methemoglobinemia previously attributed to drinking water nitrates. If so, current limits on allowable levels of nitrates in drinking water, which are based solely on the health threat of infantile methemoglobinemia, may be unnecessarily strict.
Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Hospital prognosis of moderate to severe pericardial effusion (MPE; Ն10 mm) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction is largely unknown, and its management poses a therapeutic dilemma because not all patients benefit from emergency surgery aimed at treating an underlying free-wall rupture.Data from 446 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients, 228 with MPE-88 with cardiac tamponade (CT) and electromechanical dissociation (EMD), 44 with CT and hypotension, and 96 without initial CT-and 218 with small PE (5 to 9 mm), were compared.CT patients showed larger PE (PϽ0.001) than those without initial CT; 85% of those with CTϩEMD and 86% with CT plus hypotension were treated with pericardiocentesis, and 10% and 21% were treated with a surgical repair, respectively.Among MPE patients, 30-day mortality was 43% and was higher in those with CTϩEMD (operated, 89%; nonoperated, 85%) than in those with CT plus hypotension (22% and 11%, respectively; PϽ0.001) and those without initial CT (17%; PϽ0.001).It was also higher than in patients with small PE (10%; PϽ0.001).Death was attributable to cardiac rupture in 83% of patients with CTϩEMD, 7% with CT plus hypotension, and 8% with MPE without initial CT, and it occurred late (Ն7 days) in 14%, 67%, and 100%, respectively.Thus, MPE carries an increased mortality, which is highest in patients with CTϩEMD.In those with CT plus hypotension, however, mortality is considerably low after pericardiocentesis, and subsequent management may be individualized because a conservative approach is often successful.Importantly, MPE patients without initial CT are not free from late rupture and deserve further investigation.See p 1902.
Proposed flat tax on vaccines seen likely to pass
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

FLAT TAXES seem to be an idea whose time has come. For months, suggestions to develop a flat rate for income taxes have been some folks' favorite coffee table talk. Now Congress is considering a flat tax on vaccines. The Clinton administration has proposed a flat tax of 51 cents per antigen/ disease regardless of the immunogen. If approved by Congress, such a move may mean that some vaccines will be less expensive. The tax is levied by Congress to fund awards made under the Vaccine Injury Compensation Act of 1988 following adjudication of claims for injuries as a result of public health immunization programs. Like other taxes on products, it is generally passed on to the ultimate consumer. Will Congress act on the flat vaccine tax proposal? "We know of no opposition to it. The Treasury Department has of course agreed to it, and it is an administration proposal,"
SAT0334 Three Trajectories of Activity Limitations in Early Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: a 5-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: J.F. Holla, M. van der Leeden, M.W. Heymans, L.D. Roorda, S.M. Bierma-Zeinstra, M. Boers, W.F. Lems, M.P. Steultjens, J. Dekker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of activity limitations among older adults. The knee OA population is heterogeneous and is likely to consist of subgroups with distinct trajectories of activity limitations. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the present study was to identify homogeneous subgroups with distinct trajectories of activity limitations in patients with early symptomatic knee OA, and to describe characteristics of these subgroups. <h3>Methods</h3> Follow-up data over a period of five years of 697 participants with early symptomatic knee OA from the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) were used. Activity limitations were measured yearly (six measurements over time) with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Latent class growth analyses identified homogeneous subgroups with distinct trajectories of activity limitations. Multivariable regression analyses examined differences in characteristics between the subgroups. <h3>Results</h3> Three subgroups were identified. Participants in Subgroup 1 ('good outcome'; n=330) developed or displayed slight activity limitations over time. Participants in Subgroup 2 ('moderate outcome'; n=257) developed or displayed moderate activity limitations over time. Participants in subgroup 3 ('poor outcome'; n=110) developed or displayed severe activity limitations over time. Compared to the 'good outcome' subgroup, the ('moderate outcome' and 'poor outcome' subgroups were characterized by: younger age, higher body-mass index, greater pain, bony tenderness, reduced knee flexion, hip pain, osteophytosis, ≥3 comorbidities, lower vitality, or avoidance of activities. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Based on the 5-year course of activity limitations examined in our study, we identified homogeneous subgroups of knee OA patients with good, moderate or poor outcome. Characteristics of these subgroups were consistent with existing knowledge on prognostic factors regarding activity limitations, which supports the validity of this classification. Identification of homogeneous subgroups may contribute to the development of tailored preventive interventions in knee OA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
THE "PROFITESS" OF CHRISTIAN SCIENCE.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal