tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Filter Ventilation Levels in Selected US Cigarettes, 1997
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Cigarette brands that deliver < or = 15 mg of tar in official smoking-machine tests accounted for 72.7% of total cigarette sales in 1995. Many of these brands use ventilated filters-a system with small perforations around the filter that are designed to draw in additional air during smoking. In brands with ventilated filters, air introduced through the vents dilutes the amounts of tar, nicotine, carbon monoxide (CO), and other hazardous constituents of cigarette smoke. This report summarizes results of tests conducted by researchers at The Pennsylvania State University during July 1997 to measure the percentage of air drawn through the filter vents of 32 brands of U.S. cigarettes that have tar yields rated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as ranging from 1 mg-18 mg; the report also examines the correlation between the degree of filter ventilation and tar yield. The findings indicate that 30 (94%) of 32 brands tested were ventilated and that percentage filter ventilation varied inversely with standard tar, nicotine, and CO yields.
Cannabis and the Cardiovascular System
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXTENSIVE HEAD INJURY FROM CIRCULAR SAW
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prediction of Clinical Outcome Using Gene Expression Profiling and Artificial Neural Networks for Patients with Neuroblastoma
Authors: Jun S. Wei, Braden T. Greer, Frank Westermann, Seth M. Steinberg, Chang-Gue Son, Qing-Rong Chen, Craig C. Whiteford, Sven Bilke, Alexei L. Krasnoselsky, Nicola Cenacchi, Daniel Catchpoole, Frank Berthold, Manfred Schwab, Javed Khan
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Currently, patients with neuroblastoma are classified into risk groups (e.g., according to the Children’s Oncology Group risk-stratification) to guide physicians in the choice of the most appropriate therapy. Despite this careful stratification, the survival rate for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma remains &amp;lt;30%, and it is not possible to predict which of these high-risk patients will survive or succumb to the disease. Therefore, we have performed gene expression profiling using cDNA microarrays containing 42,578 clones and used artificial neural networks to develop an accurate predictor of survival for each individual patient with neuroblastoma. Using principal component analysis we found that neuroblastoma tumors exhibited inherent prognostic specific gene expression profiles. Subsequent artificial neural network-based prognosis prediction using expression levels of all 37,920 good-quality clones achieved 88% accuracy. Moreover, using an artificial neural network-based gene minimization strategy in a separate analysis we identified 19 genes, including 2 prognostic markers reported previously, MYCN and CD44, which correctly predicted outcome for 98% of these patients. In addition, these 19 predictor genes were able to additionally partition Children’s Oncology Group-stratified high-risk patients into two subgroups according to their survival status (P = 0.0005). Our findings provide evidence of a gene expression signature that can predict prognosis independent of currently known risk factors and could assist physicians in the individual management of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
Abstract 4544: PTP4A3 expression associated with increased invasion in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhuwen Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the most rapidly growing solid malignancy with an overall 5-year survival rate of only 19%. The majority of EACs are diagnosed with advanced locoregional disease requiring neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by esophagectomy. Understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with locoregional invasion are crucial for improving the treatment outcome. Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) type IVA member 3 (PTP4A3/PRL-3) is part of the PTP subfamily, which are phosphatases with dual-specificity. PTP4A3 has been shown to be overexpressed in a number of cancer types and often correlates with cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth, and metastasis. Here, we examine PTP4A3’s potential role in the invasive properties of EAC. Methods: We analyzed PTP4A3 mRNA levels of 122 chemo-naïve EAC samples using Human Gene 2.1 ST Arrays and compared these to available histological features. We also used RNA-seq analysis to examine the expression of PTP4A3 in 68 samples that consisted of Barrett’s Esophagus, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, and EAC. PTP4A3 knockdown was achieved by using small interfering RNA and a rhodamine derivative (BR-1) inhibitor and was confirmed by both RT-PCR and Western blot. WST and clonogenic assays were performed to assess cell proliferation in cell lines derived from EAC tumors. Cell invasion and migration were measured by matrigel invasion and cell migration assays. Results: PTP4A3 was significantly overexpressed in EAC samples compared to a cohort of normal esophageal samples (p&amp;lt;0.001). In addition, the expression of PTP4A3 increased with progression from Barrett’s to EAC. PTP4A3 was overexpressed in 15 EACs relative to 26 Barrett’s samples on U133A Array, which was confirmed in the 68-sample RNAseq progression cohort (p&amp;lt;0.01). Analysis of 122 EAC samples indicated that overexpression of PTP4A3 was significantly associated with decreased survival (p&amp;lt;0.05) and correlated with poor differentiation, high immune cell infiltration, and a high desmoplastic response (p&amp;lt;0.05). Inhibition of PTP4A3 in EAC cell lines led to a decrease in cell invasion and migration (p&amp;lt;0.01). However, there was no significant change in cell proliferation following knockdown. Conclusion: PTP4A3 is frequently overexpressed in EAC and is associated with decreased survival. Inhibition of PTP4A3 decreased matrigel invasion and cancer cell migration, suggesting that PTP4A3 may play a role in the invasion and metastases of EAC cells and could serve as a biomarker of more aggressive disease. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Zhuwen Wang. PTP4A3 expression associated with increased invasion in esophageal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4544.
Neighboorhood Effects in Community Trials for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: J. Michael Oakes, Ken P. Kleinman, Andre B. Araujo
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P89 BACKGROUND:Cluster-randomized community trials are critically important to cardiovascular (CVD) epidemiology. While studies evaluating the effect of community education programs report favorable risk factor changes, including the Pawtucket Heart Health Program (PHHP), changes in hard CVD endpoints have been less common. Few have examined the effect of neighborhood on endpoints, especially controlling for individual characteristics. In short, overall effects may be confounded with neighborhood. METHODS:In the first study of this type, we geocoded PHHP neighborhoods to 1990 Census tracts, and randomly sampled 50% (n=521) of the observations from the 6th PHHP cross-sectional survey. Endpoints included CVD knowledge (number of correct risk factors mentioned), and total serum cholesterol. Income and percent working poor (households in a tract with income &lt; 150% of the poverty-line) served as individual- and neighborhood-level SES, respectively. SAS Proc Mixed was used to fit multilevel models. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) methods map empirical Bayes estimates. RESULTS:Choropleth maps show variation in CVD knowledge and cholesterol across the 22 tracts of Pawtucket. Multilevel models reveal that income accounts for most of this neighborhood-level variation. However, a significant negative interaction between individual- and neighborhood-level SES (p &lt; 0.10) was observed for CVD knowledge. Predicted values for CVD knowledge show that persons with a moderate income (level 5) living in a neighborhood with a large proportion (65%) of working poor would be expected to have a knowledge score of 2.34. This same person living in a neighborhood with a small proportion of working poor (15%) would be expected to have a knowledge score of 3.19. This represents a 14% difference due to the neighborhood effect. COMMENT: These results suggest that having more individual-level income is positively related to CVD knowledge; such effects are muted if one resides in a neighborhood with a larger proportion of working poor. It may be that future community trials for CVD may benefit by targeting, or concentrating more heavily on, not only poor persons but persons living in poor neighborhoods.
Thermoneutral Housing Accelerates Metabolic Inflammation to Potentiate Atherosclerosis but Not Insulin Resistance
Authors: Xiao Yu Tian, Kirthana Ganeshan, Cynthia Hong, Khoa D. Nguyen, Yifu Qiu, Jason Kim, Rajendra K. Tangirala, Peter Tontonoz, Ajay Chawla
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2016)
<i>Criminology.</i>By Arthur MacDonald, Specialist in Education as Related to the Abnormal and Weakling Classes, U. S. Bureau of Education; Member of the Medico-Legal Society, New York, and the Anthropological Society, Washington, D. C., and U. S. Delegate to the International Society of Criminal Anthropology at Brussels, 1892. With an Introduction by Dr. Cesare Lombroso, Professor of Legal Medicine at the University of Turin, Italy. New York: Funk &amp; Wagnalls Company. [12mo., pp. iv-416]
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1893)
Travel-associated Legionnaires’ disease in Europe in 2007
Authors: C A Joseph, R Yadav, K D Ricketts, Collective on behalf of the European Working G
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

Nine hundred and forty six cases of travel-associated Legionnaires' disease were reported to the European Surveillance Scheme for Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease (EWGLINET) with onset during 2007; 890 were confirmed and 56 were presumptive. Twenty eight cases died, giving a case fatality rate of 3.0%. 8.2% of cases were diagnosed by culture, an important increase from 5.2% in 2006. One hundred and twelve new clusters were identified; the largest involved nine cases. Sixteen of these clusters (14.3%) occurred in countries outside EWGLINET, and three involved cruise ships. Twenty nine of the new clusters (25.9%) would not have been detected without the EWGLINET scheme. A total of 151 investigations were conducted in Europe, 42 of which were conducted at re-offending sites (where additional cases had onset after a report was received to say that investigations and control measures had been satisfactorily conducted). The names of 13 accommodation sites were published on the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI) website; 11 of these were situated in Turkey. .
Houseboat-Associated Carbon Monoxide Poisonings on Lake Powell--Arizona and Utah, 2000
Journal: JAMA (2001)

During August 2000 at Lake Powell in the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area on the Arizona-Utah border, two brothers died of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning as they swam near the stern of a houseboat while the onboard gasoline-powered generator was operating. As a result of these deaths, an investigation was initiated by the U.S. National Park Service (NPS) with assistance from the U.S. Department of the Interior, CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and the U.S. Coast Guard. In addition to investigating the deaths of the two brothers, the multiagency team evaluated visitor and worker boat-related CO exposures at Lake Powell. The study identified nine boat-related fatal CO poisonings since 1994 and approximately 100 nonfatal poisonings since 1990. This report describes the preliminary results of an ongoing investigation of watercraft-related CO poisonings on Lake Powell.
07.17 The mutated rna splicing protein hnrnp-a3 is a novel autoantigen in systemic rheumatic diseases a link to warburg effect in ra
Authors: Bianca Marklein, Kerstin Adolph, Veit Krenn, Günter Steiner, Monika Hansson, Johan Rönnelid, Gerd R Burmester, Karl Skriner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Objective</h3> Novel mutated hnRNP-A3 (MA3)was cloned out of RA synovial tissue involved in alternative splicing of PK2 linking it directly to Warburg effect and lactate production in RA. <h3>Methods</h3> After immunoblotting and 2D-gel-eletrophoresis out of a semipurified hnRNP fraction two protein spots were sequenced and identified to be highly similar to hnRN-A3. hnRNP-A3 variants were cloned from RA synovial-tissue. 3700 RA sera were screened for the presence of mutated anti-hnRNP-A3 autoantibodies using recombinant proteins and mutated citrullinated A3 peptides (MCA3) thereof. Identification of RNA and antibody binding sites to hnRNP A3 (MA3). Expression of hnRNP-A3 in synovial tissue was analysed by immunohistochemistry. <h3>Results</h3> Autoantibodies to MA3 protein were detected in 13% of RA (n=215) patients, in 9% SLE(n=154), in 27% of MCTD patients (n=44/10) and in less than 5% of 129 patients with other rheumatic disorders but not at all in healthy controls on immunoblot. When using native MA3-ELISA 22% of early RA patients (n=130) were detected and 87% of these patients had erosive arthritis. Identical modification on MA3 as in cancer cells were identified in synovial tissue and verified by MS and DNA sequencing. Using 2–3 citrullinated MCA3 peptides up to 81% of patients (n=150) with established and 67% (n=2926) of patients with an early RA with a specificity of 97% were detected. In early RA 27% and 25% in established RA of CCP2 negative and 93% of CCP2 positive patients were identified. By combining with the already established CCP2 and the new MCA3, 72% of early patients are positive. MCA3 autoantibodies predominantly occur (p&lt;0.001) in an erosive, severe course of disease. MRL Lpr/lpr sera were hnRNP-A3 reactive and the antibody generation is Toll 7 and 9 dependent. Anti-hnRNP-A3-antibodies are directed to conformational RNA binding epitopes. Expression of hnRNP-A3 revealed the antigen is overexpressed in RA synovial tissue. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Mutated hnRNP-A3 is as a novel Toll7/9 dependent autoantigen in systemic rheumatic diseases. These mutated proteins are components of RNA and DNA containing alternative splicing complexes leading to the Warburg effect and predominantly occurring in an erosive and severe courses of RA.
Pertussis infection in adults with persistent cough
Authors: S. W. Wright
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the prevalence of<i>Bordetella pertussis</i>infection in adult patients with persistent cough. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective case series. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Urban university hospital emergency department. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Convenience sample of 75 patients aged 18 years or older with a cough lasting 2 weeks or longer. Serum specimens from 67 patients without respiratory complaints were used to develop reference values. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —In patients with cough, nasopharyngeal culture and direct fluorescent antibody testing for<i>B pertussis</i>were performed and serum samples were obtained at the first visit and 1 month later. Serum specimens were assayed for antibody to pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —A subject with one or more of the following was defined as having a pertussis infection: a positive<i>B pertussis</i>culture result, a fourfold change in PT or FHA titer, and/or a single PT or FHA titer at least 2 SDs greater than the geometric mean of the control group. <h3>Results.</h3> —No subject tested culture positive for<i>B pertussis</i>. Sixteen (21%) (95% confidence interval [CI], 13% to 32%) of 75 subjects met the serologic criteria for pertussis infection; for 13 (81%; 95% CI, 54% to 96%) of the 16, the criteria were met by the initial serum specimen. In contrast, the geometric mean levels of antibody to PT and FHA for the remaining 59 subjects with cough did not differ from those of the control group. Clinical symptoms and the lymphocyte count did not differentiate patients with pertussis from those without the disease. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Pertussis is a common cause of persistent cough in adults and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Clinical symptoms, pertussis culture, direct fluorescent antibody testing, and lymphocytosis are of limited value in making the diagnosis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1044-1046)
STATE BOARD STATISTICS FOR 1923
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Heartland Virus Infections
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High Lead Exposure and Auditory Sensory-Neural Function in Andean Children
Authors: S. Allen Counter, Marie Vahter, Goran Laurell, Leo H. Buchanan, Fernando Ortega, Staffan Skerfving
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

We investigated blood lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) levels and auditory sensory-neural function in 62 Andean school children living in a Pb-contaminated area of Ecuador and 14 children in a neighboring gold mining area with no known Pb exposure. The median B-Pb level for 62 children in the Pb-exposed group was 52.6 micrograms/dl (range 9.9-110.0 micrograms/dl) compared with 6.4 micrograms/dl (range 3.9-12.0 micrograms/dl) for the children in the non-Pb exposed group; the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Auditory thresholds for the Pb-exposed group were normal at the pure tone frequencies of 0.25-8 kHz over the entire range of B-Pb levels, Auditory brain stem response tests in seven children with high B-Pb levels showed normal absolute peak and interpeak latencies. The median B-Hg levels were 0.16 micrograms/dl (range 0.04-0.58 micrograms/dl) for children in the Pb-exposed group and 0.22 micrograms/dl (range 0.1-0.44 micrograms/dl) for children in the non-Pb exposed gold mining area, and showed no significant relationship to auditory function.
Relationship between Laennec histological subclassification of cirrhosis and clinical stage, grade of portal hypertension and liver stiffness
Authors: Clement Lejealle, Valérie Paradis, Mohamed Bouattour, Nicolas Drilhon, Beaufrère Aurélie, Olivier Roux, Claire Francoz, Olivier Soubrane, Francois Durand, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Castera Laurent
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Empirical antifungal therapy is often used in the treatment of intensive care unit (ICU)acquired sepsis-despite a lack of evidence that the practice improves outcomes.In a multicenter placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial involving 260 critically ill adults with unresolved sepsis (despite treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics), Candida colonization at multiple sites, and multiple organ failure, Timsit and colleagues found that 14 days' treatment with micafungin did not increase fungal infection-free survival at day 28.In an Editorial, Siddharthan and colleagues discuss empirical vs targeted treatment of invasive fungal infections.