tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombocytopenia caused by cephalothin sodium. Occurrence in a penicillin-sensitive individual
Authors: L. Sheiman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Thrombocytopenia due to use of cephalothin sodium developed in an individual with a history of sensitivity to penicillin and no prior exposure to cephalothin. The in vitro studies bore out the clinical impression of cephalothin-induced thrombocytopenia, although hemagglutinating techniques failed to demonstrate erythrocyte-related antibodies to either penicillin or cephalothin. There is a possible but not proved relationship between penicillin sensitivity and cephalothin sensitivity. Patients receiving cephalothin should be observed carefully for blood dyscrasia.
Interactions between endothelial nitric oxide synthase and sex hormones in vascular protection in mice
Authors: Jeffrey B. Hodgin, Joshua W. Knowles, Hyung-Suk Kim, Oliver Smithies, Nobuyo Maeda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The vasculoprotective effects of sex hormones, particularly estrogens, have been attributed to their ability to increase the bioavailability of nitric oxide through activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). To dissect the relative contribution in vivo of eNOS, sex hormones, and their interaction in two complex vascular phenotypes, hypertension and atherosclerosis, we used mice doubly deficient in eNOS and apoE (nnee) or lacking only apoE (NNee). Females and males were gonadectomized at 1 month of age and implanted either with control pellets or pellets releasing 17β-estradiol (E2). Hormonally intact nnee mice have elevated blood pressure (BP) and increased atherosclerosis compared with NNee mice, but on removal of gonads, BP and atherosclerosis decreased significantly in nnee mice but not in NNee mice. Three months of treatment with exogenous E2 dramatically reduced atherosclerosis and significantly lowered BP in both NNee and nnee mice compared with animals treated with control pellets. Thus exogenous E2 has strong BP-lowering and atheroprotective effects in apoE-deficient mice, but eNOS is not essential for either effect. Endogenous sex hormones, on the other hand, cause significant damage to the vasculature in the absence of eNOS, but these effects are overridden by interactions between eNOS and sex hormones.
The Endotoxins of Gram-Negative Bacteria and Host Resistance
Authors: Fred S. Rosen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Shwartzman PhenomenonLate in the 1920's Dr. Gregory Shwartzman described the phenomenon of local skin reactivity to culture filtrates of meningococci and of other gram-negative bacteria. This curious laboratory artifact has come to be known by his name. During the past decade great strides have been made toward an understanding of the Shwartzman phenomenon through the efforts of Thomas and his co-workers.Dermal hemorrhagic necrosis, the characteristic lesion of the phenomenon, is brought about in the following manner. A "preparatory" injection of endotoxin is given intradermally. Nothing visible occurs. Eighteen to twenty-four hours later endotoxin is given intravenously. Shortly after . . .
Television in postgraduate education. Some lessons from five years' experience
Authors: D. Groom
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Winston Churchill, that master of repartee, once squelched his Laborite opponent in Parliament by branding him "a very modest man— but he has much to be modest about." Surely all physicians working in the field of medical television have much to be modest about. We are scarcely beginning to learn how to use this new medium effectively—to capitalize on its versatility, on its potentials for teaching and for illustration, and on its vast coverage. Confronted by an instrument of mass communication entirely foreign to our academic upbringing, we are for the most part still trying to take its measure and to master its techniques. But to the credit of the medical educator, more than many of his cousins in the field of education, he has been quick to recognize the usefulness of television in the health sciences in general, and in postgraduate education in particular. Five years' experience may not
Familial malignant melanoma
Authors: A. W. Kopf
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Characteristics associated with familial compared with nonfamilial malignant melanoma were assessed. These data were obtained from consecutive prospectively completed questionnaires on 1169 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Of these, 69 patients indicated a positive family history for this cancer. Among the various clinical and histological variables compared, those that significantly correlated with the familial occurrence of malignant melanoma include younger age at first diagnosis, smaller diameter of the lesion, lower Clark level, decreased frequency of nonmelanoma skin cancer, and reduced prevalence of noncutaneous cancer. Increased awareness of malignant melanoma among family members could account for some of these observations. Identification of the familial variety of malignant melanoma has practical implications concerning early detection and prompt intervention. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:1915-1919)
Étude sur le vibrion cholérique: Vibrio cholerae typus épidémicus et Vibrio cholerae typus endémicus
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Modeling of Natural Organic Matter Transport Processes in Groundwater
Authors: T-C. Jim Yeh, Joseph Mas-Pla, John F. McCarthy, Thomas M. Williams
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

A forced-gradient tracer test was conducted at the Georgetown site to study the transport of natural organic matter (NOM) in groundwater.In partic- ular, the goal of this experiment was to investigate the interactions between NOM and the aquifer matrix.A detailed three-dimensional characteriza- tion of the hydrologic conductivity heterogeneity of the site was obtained using slug tests.The transport of a conservative tracer (chloride) was successfully reproduced using these conductivity data.Despite the good simulation of the flow field, NOM breakthrough curves could not be repro- duced using a two-site sorption model with spatially constant parameters.Preliminary results suggest that different mechanisms for the adsorption/desorption processes, as well as their spatial variability, may significantly affect the transport and fate of NOM.
Edema.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What is a diagnosis?
Authors: L. S. King
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The medical student spends much of his curriculum learning how to make a diagnosis. The practicing physician devotes a major part of his efforts to actually making them. Newer techniques try to automate the process. Writers of medical texts and periodical literature employ the term profusely. But with rare exceptions, no one discusses what diagnosis really<i>is</i>or<i>does</i>. <h3>Diagnosis as Process</h3> In the popular mind the term diagnosis brings up the image of a white-coated physician who at one time dangled a stethoscope but who now is more likely to utilize complex sophisticated apparatus and to study laboratory reports. Yet, although diagnosis ordinarily has medical connotations, this is not essential, for the term involves activities by no means unique to medicine. Although we may think of diagnosis as the identification of disease, such usage is far too narrow. The word means<i>to distinguish</i>. It involves the process of deliberate
Retrograde thoracic aortography
Authors: V. A. Panaro
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Retrograde thoracic aortography is a safe, simple method of opacifying and recording roentgenographically the thoracic aorta and its branches for the purpose of studying diseases intrinsic to these great vessels as well as those structures adjacent to their course. <h3>Technique</h3> Preliminary studies include a complete blood count; urinalysis; determination of blood urea nitrogen, bleeding and clotting times, and prothrombin time; electrocardiogram; and evaluation of the peripheral pulses. After adequate premedication, percutaneous catheterization of the femoral artery is carried out with local anesthesia using the Seldinger technique.<sup>1</sup>Under fluoroscopic control, a No. 7 or 8 Teflon catheter is advanced over a spring guide into the ascending aorta until its tip lies approximately 2 cm above the valve. The negotiation of the arch is facilitated by a gentle preformed curve in the catheter tip. Upon withdrawal of the spring guide, 10 cc of blood is forcefully aspirated to remove any clot formation
Radiologic technology and the medical student
Authors: A. S. Gorajski
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Within every human relationship there is a need, and a desire for satisfaction of that need—a common bond, a common goal. In this case, the goal is the diagnosis of the patient's illness, the relief of his symptoms, and the removal of the cause of his ailment. Since there is a common goal, I believe that the medical student and the radiologic student should seek mutual acceptance. Because both are still in training, the ultimate need most likely will not arise until each has attained his degree. An x-ray technologist is dependent on the physician so that he can put his skills, training, and experience to work. Unlike a secretary, who can find employment in any firm, industry, or hospital, a technologist is employed only or almost completely in the health industry. On the other hand, the physician needs time to devote to the ever-increasing number of patients. He does
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Jack M. Matloff
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Reply
Authors: William Small, Jordan Berlin, Gary M. Freedman, Andre A. Konski, Theodore S. Lawrence, Mark S. Talamonti, Mary F. Mulcahy, A. Bapsi Chakravarthy, Mark M. Zalupski, Philip A. Philip, Timothy J. Kinsella, Nipun B. Merchant, John P. Hoffman, Al B. Benson, Cornelius J. McGinn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)
Profiles of expression of costimulatory molecules OX40 and OX40l in PBMCs and levels of soluble OX40/OX40l in plasma in chronic hepatitis B patients and health subjects
Authors: Mengru Zhan, Xiuzhu Gao, Zhijun Zhang, Fei Peng, Chang Wang, Mingyuan Zhang, Xiaoyu Wen, Qinglong Jin, Heming Ma, Xu Liu, Junqi Niu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Cholesterol Levels in Elderly Women
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients1 May 2001Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Cholesterol Levels in Elderly WomenSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-9_Part_1-200105010-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by blockage of blood vessels in the heart and is the most common cause of death among older women. Anything that reduces the risk of blood vessel blockage may decrease death from CHD in this group. Higher levels of “good cholesterol,” known as HDL (high-density lipoprotein), protect blood vessels against blockage by fatty deposits, while “bad cholesterol,” known as LDL (low-density lipoprotein), worsens fatty deposits. Previous studies indicate that in postmenopausal women younger than 75 years of age, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Serum Lipids in Elderly Women. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.” It is in the 1 May 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 134, pages 754-760). The authors are EF Binder, DB Williams, KB Schechtman, DB Jeffe, and WM Kohrt.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Serum Lipids in Elderly Women Ellen F. Binder , Daniel B. Williams , Kenneth B. Schechtman , Donna B. Jeffe , and Wendy M. Kohrt Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Serum Lipids in Elderly Women Ellen F. Binder , Daniel B. Williams , Kenneth B. Schechtman , Donna B. Jeffe , and Wendy M. Kohrt Metrics 1 May 2001Volume 134, Issue 9_Part_1Page: I-3KeywordsBlood vesselsCholesterolCongenital heart diseaseCoronary heart diseaseElderlyFatsHigh density lipoproteinHormone replacement therapyHormonesLow density lipoprotein ePublished: 1 May 2001 Issue Published: 1 May 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Matching solutions and problems
Authors: N. M. Hoover
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Affiliation and Incomplete Disclosures
Authors: R Scott Braithwaite
Journal: JAMA (2018)

In Reply Mr Chen and colleagues suggest that risk adjustment goals would be better specified by comparing "clinicians' performance if hypothetically given the same mix of patients" instead of "controlling for factors beyond the reach of clinicians or health systems." 1 However, both phrases would have similar meanings if "same mix" is interpreted as applying to "factors beyond the reach of clinicians and health systems," an interpretation that follows from the purpose of risk adjustment.Chen and colleagues also suggest that it is possible to assess necessity of risk adjustment by comparing riskadjusted with risk-unadjusted results.However, this comparison is unhelpful if the risk adjustment is insufficiently comprehensive, as is often the case.They make a valid observation that the article presumes basic technical competence in model building (eg, more parsimonious models are preferred, calibration should be assessed) and that no model should receive an A-level grade in the absence of technical competence.Nonetheless, it is important to appreciate a larger issue: technical competence is necessary but not sufficient for producing a useful model.
Congenital Tracheoesophageal Fistula in Association with Esophageal Atresia
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Heavy Industrial Pollution on Respiratory Function in the Children of Cubatao, Brazil: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Dalia M. Spektor, Vera A. Hofmeister, Paulo Artaxo, Jose A. P. Brague, Francisco Echelar, Diogo P. Nogueira, Carl Hayes, George D. Thurston, Morton Lippmann
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Under a cooperative agent betwen New York Univenity and the Envinmental Protctio Agency, and in collaborn- tion with the University of Sao Paulo (USP), a study is ongoing in Cubatao, Bazil, to try to establish exposure-response reblinships on the mpact ofspedflc i du a tson respiratory funton in sg children.Cubatao, ltd on the coast about 44km from thecity of Sao Paulo, is surrounded by U-shaped mountains (-800m) covered with sub- tropical forests Its area is -160 km', and it has a populatin of -90,000.The geogaphy is such that it causes a consis- tent diurnal land-breezepattern andtheoppouite duringthe night, withlowdispersionoftheair pollutants.Ina small area (-40 kinz) against the mountains there is a concentratio of over 20 large plants: oil refinery; iron and steel mill; fertilizer, cement, and gypsum production; coke kilns; and chemical, paint, and many other ancllary plants.During the 1988 school year, March through June, August through November, 600 six-year-old children, attending six different kindergarten schos, und monthy y tests.Becase the chfldren live within a 500 m radius oftheir school, poution monitos were located on each of the six schools.Partices were colected _us dicotomous stacked fflter units placedon20m we toredethe inflence ofdud bfom unpaved roads.Theunits use different pore size fiers forcoase, 2 to 10pum, and fine partides, (dp) < 2pm, andtook sepate samples for day and nighttime.lree sitesare in the densely populated downtown area, one is on a newy devloped outsirt area, and the last two are residential areas, far from industries, upontheside ofthesurroundinghills (elevations, 95 and 200m).Theyearly average thorac aerosol mass con- centration (FM. is very highon al sites, rwaging from 59 ± 39pm/m'to240 ± 122 pm/nt', the number ofdays with mean PM,.> 0 pn/n rmae from 27to96% depe nd ghborhd.Therehasnotbeena gnifantreducon of am- bient PM,* amen tiom since 19M5, whenpevi studies by USPshIw groslya l func ind en children.The initial analyses on the current study show that respiratory airflow rates are snifantly associated with PMI.
Lithium
Authors: Andrew Kallos
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the Questions and Answers section of the Jan. 28 issue ofThe Journal, there was a question: "Is there any legitimate medical use for the compounds of lithium?" The answer stated that "There are no therapeutic uses for lithium salts." I would like to call your attention to the fact that we have been using lithium bromide in high concentrations, up to 65% in water, in dermatology. It is recommended as a keratolytic in keratoderma and tinea unguium. Lithium bromide is listed in treatises of pharmacology, with no reference to its keratolytic property.