tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Big babies.
Authors: P Bromwich
Journal: BMJ (1986)

<h3>Background</h3> Most patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fail to derive significant benefit from programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis blockade, and new biomarkers of response are needed. In this study, we aimed to discover and validate spatially resolved protein markers associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis inhibition in NSCLC. <h3>Methods</h3> We initially assessed a discovery cohort of 56 patients with NSCLC treated with PD-1 axis inhibitors at Yale Cancer Center. Using the GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) system, 71 proteins were measured in spatial context on each spot in a tissue microarray. We used the AQUA method of quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) to orthogonally validate candidate biomarkers. For external independent validation, we assessed whole tissue sections derived from 128 patients with NSCLC treated with single-agent PD-1 axis inhibitors at the 12 de Octubre Hospital (Madrid) using DSP. We further analyzed two immunotherapy untreated cohorts to address prognostic significance (n=252 from Yale Cancer Center; n=124 from University Clinic of Navarra) using QIF and DSP, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> Using continuous log-scaled data, we identified CD44 expression in the tumor compartment (pan-cytokeratin (CK)+) as a novel predictor of prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) (multivariate HR=0.68, p=0.043) in the discovery set. We validated by QIF that tumor CD44 levels assessed as continuous QIF scores were associated with longer PFS (multivariate HR=0.31, p=0.022) and overall survival (multivariate HR=0.29, p=0.038). Using DSP in an independent immunotherapy treated cohort, we validated that CD44 levels in the tumor compartment, but not in the immune compartment (panCK–/CD45+), were associated with clinical benefit (OR=1.22, p=0.018) and extended PFS under PD-1 axis inhibition using the highest tertile cutpoint (multivariate HR=0.62, p=0.03). The effect of tumor cell CD44 in predicting PFS remained significant after correcting for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) in both cohorts. High tumor cell CD44 was not prognostic in the absence of immunotherapy. Using DSP data, intratumoral regions with elevated tumor cell CD44 expression showed prominent (fold change&gt;1.5, adjusted p&lt;0.05) upregulation of PD-L1, TIM-3, ICOS, and CD40 in two independent cohorts. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This work highlights CD44 as a novel indicative biomarker of sensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade that might help to improve immunotherapy strategies for NSCLC.
The Changing Concept of Coronary Artery Disease
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal National Med Association, New York
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Superantigen molecule, T-cell interaction studied for clinical clues to defense against retroviruses
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

SUPERANTIGENS that render deadly retroviruses helpless are the subject of intense scrutiny at Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass. Pathology professor Brigitte Huber, PhD, did her doctoral work on these curious molecules shortly after the first was described in mice as a minor lymphocyte-stimulating antigen in the early 1970s. It is expressed in such small quantities that it was only detected by its amazing capacity to stimulate T cells. "It had been kind of an enigma," says Huber. It also had "this peculiarity, it acted very differently from normal antigens," says Huber, in that it interacted only with the V-β segment of T-cell receptors, off to the side of where normal antigens link up with T cells. But nobody could find the gene encoding this molecule, she remembers. It is expressed in such low quantities that it is "virtually impossible to raise in antisera," she says. "The only way
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Jean‐François Dufour
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Hemodynamics in the Setting of RifaximinRifaximin is used to prevent and treat hepatic encephalopathy.As a nonabsorbable antibiotic, it may affect bacterial translocation and it has been suggested that rifaximin may improve portal hypertension.Kimer et al. enrolled 54 patients with cirrhosis and ascites in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Rifaximin had no effect on hepatic venous pressure gradient, no effect on cardiac output, and no effect on glomerular filtration rate.This was also the case in subgroup analyses of patients with different degrees of decompensation.This is a particularly well-designed and well-executed trial that provides a clear answer: In patients with cirrhosis and ascites, rifaximin has no hemodynamic benefits.(
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Guidelines for prenatal genetic testing recommend that patients receive detailed information to allow informed, preference-based screening and diagnostic testing decisions.In a randomized trial that enrolled 710 demographically diverse pregnant women, Kuppermann and colleagues found that compared with usual care, access to a computerized, interactive prenatal testing decision support guide-providing information and values clarification exercises-and elimination of any out-of-pocket costs associated with prenatal diagnostic testing resulted in less prenatal test use and more informed and preference-based prenatal testing decisions.In an Editorial, Dolan discusses the promise and challenges of personalized prenatal genetic testing.
Consumption of PCB-Contaminated Sport Fish and Risk of Spontaneous Fetal Death
Authors: Pauline Mendola, Germaine M. Buck, John E. Vena, Maria Zielezny, Lowell E. Sever
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Spontaneous fetal death has been observed among various mammalian species after exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Our exposure-based cohort study assessed the relationship between consumption of PCB-contaminated Lake Ontario sport fish and spontaneous fetal death using 1820 multigravid fertile women from the 1990-1991 New York State Angler Cohort Study. Fish consumption data were obtained from food frequency questionnaires and history of spontaneous fetal death from live birth certificates. Analyses were stratified by number of prior pregnancies and controlled for smoking and maternal age. No significant increases in risk for fetal death were observed across four measures of exposure: a lifetime estimate of PCB exposure based on species-specific PCB levels; the number of years of fish consumption; kilograms of sport fish consumed in 1990-1991; and a lifetime estimate of kilograms eaten. A slight risk reduction was seen for women with two prior pregnancies at the highest level of PCB exposure (odds ratio = 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14-0.92) and for women with three or more prior pregnancies with increasing years of fish consumption (odds ratio = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-0.99). These findings suggest that consumption of PCB-contaminated sport fish does not increase the risk of spontaneous fetal death.
Marijuana
Authors: Alan L. Krueger
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The first of a series of volumes reviewing drugs of abuse for clinicians, this monograph on marijuana sets a high standard for those to come. Written primarily for clinicians and inclusive of some complicated research data, it is nonetheless written in a style that is easy to read for the nonprofessional. The text is supported with ample references and is an excellent review of the literature through 1986. Chapter 1, "Marijuana Use and Abuse: An Overview"; chapter 2, "Cannabinoid Pharmacology"; chapter 3, "Medical Problems Associated With Marijuana Use"; and chapter 4, "Psychiatric Problems Associated With Marijuana Use," are excellent clinical reviews of the topics. In these chapters, Dr Gold makes the point that, "Marijuana is available on the street today that is hundreds of times more potent than the typical street pot of the late 1960's and early 70's. This single fact has made obsolete much of what we once
HOT WATER IN ABDOMINAL SECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Louis Henri Vaquez (1860-1936)
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physician-Supervised Exercise Programs in Rehabilitation of Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"Heart at Work" campaign encourages healthier living
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Applying "prevention technology" to save lives by teaching employed Americans how to avoid heart attacks and strokes is the aim of the American Heart Association's new "Heart at Work" program. The heart association lists among benefits that they expect may accrue to companies adopting the program improved quality of work, reduced absenteeism, reduced turnover, reduced insurance claims, and a more attractive environment for recruiting new employees. For those workers, the association says, the program will provide support in making positive life-style changes, let employees know their company cares about them, and help create an environment where employees care about each other. The program, which is available through the association's affiliates and local components in all 50 states, is based on a handsomely presented set of materials and action plans targeted at four primary and secondary risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The idea is to encourage workers to control blood pressure,
Erratum: CORRIGENDUM: Interaction between leukemic-cell VLA-4 and stromal fibronectin is a decisive factor for minimal residual disease of acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Takuya Matsunaga, Naofumi Takemoto, Tsutomu Sato, Rishu Takimoto, Ikuta Tanaka, Akihito Fujimi, Takehide Akiyama, Hiroyuki Kuroda, Yutaka Kawano, Masayoshi Kobune, Junji Kato, Yasuo Hirayama, Sumio Sakamaki, Kyuhei Kohda, Kensuke Miyake, Yoshiro Niitsu
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Modern Cosmeticology: The Principles of and Practice of Modern Cosmetics
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4265: Transient versus permanent autophagy inhibition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jane B. Pearce, Ciara H. O'Flanagan, Stephen D. Hursting
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, with a 5- year survival rate of less than 5 percent. KRAS-driven PDACs often exhibit increased dependence on autophagy, a process by which cells degrade internal components to mobilize energy stores. When faced with cellular stress, such as nutrient deprivation, tumor growth may initially slow in response to decreasing supplies of growth factors and cytokines. Under these conditions, the induction of autophagy can enable continued tumor growth even in the presence of nutrient stress. Therefore, we posited that nutrient restriction in combination with autophagy inhibition would synergistically disrupt aberrant metabolic pathways and more effectively stunt PDAC tumor progression. To determine the impact of transient autophagy inhibition, cells were treated with 10 μM of the pharmaceutical agent chloroquine (CQ) for 48 hours. To modulate growth factor/cytokine signaling as well as nutrient sensing signaling serum and glucose restriction were used in vitro. Next, permanent autophagy ablation was achieved through CRISPR/Cas9 technology, autophagy related 5 (Atg5) was deleted in Panc02 cells generating an autophagy-deficient (Atg-/-) PDAC cell line. Growth kinetics were determined in a range of culture matrixes to determine the proliferation rate, invasiveness, and anchorage independence of cells. The combination of CQ and nutrient stress elicited an additive effect on cellular proliferation in both murine and human-derived KRAS mutant PDAC cells (Panc02 and MIA PaCa-2 respectively). In contrast, Atg5-/- Panc02 cells did not display any alteration in cellular proliferation in vitro. Atg5 deletion resulted in decreased expression of mesenchymal markers N-Cadherin and Snail as well as decreased invasiveness and anchorage independent colony formation. Upon intrapancreatic injection in a syngeneic model, Atg-/- cells exhibited reduced tumor growth relative to control Atg5+/+cells, indicating the compensatory mechanisms effective in vitro failed to protect these cells in vivo. Thus, our findings reveal a potential synergism between autophagy inhibition and nutrient stress in PDAC. Citation Format: Jane B. Pearce, Ciara H. O'Flanagan, Stephen D. Hursting. Transient versus permanent autophagy inhibition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4265.
Myocardial Biopsy
Authors: C Kawai, A Matsumori, K Kawamura
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1980)

The history, technique, complications, and evaluation of myocardial biopsy, particularly in cardiomyopathies, have been reviewed and discussed. As expected, specific histological abnormalities for the diagnosis of cardiomyopathies were hard to obtain in such small fragments of myocardium. Rather, myocardial biopsy at present provides information on the severity and prognosis of cardiomyopathies, especially those with a diffuse disease process. However, morphologic examination is definitely valuable in diagnosing cardiomyopathies, even if it merely confirms the clinical diagnosis, because none of the information presently given by any one diagnostic tool is specific enough to correctly diagnose cardiomyopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy is most useful from a diagnostic standpoint in acute cardiac rejection in transplant recipients as well as in secondary myocardial diseases: myocarditis, amyloidosis, hemosiderosis, glycogen storage disease, sarcoidosis, etc. Advances in biochemical, immunologic, and more specific morphologic analyses will increase the usefulness of myocardial biopsy in diagnosing and assessing the etiology of idiopathic cardiomyopathy.
Methylmercury-Cholinesterase Interactions in Rats
Authors: Felton L. Hastings, George W. Lucier, Ronald Klein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

The interaction of methylmercury hydroxide (MMH) and cholinesterases was studied in male and female rats. MMH administered subcutaneously in doses of 10 mg/kg for 2 days reduced the level of plasma cholinesterase (ButChE) by 68% in females and 47% in males while brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was unaffected. Normal females had higher but more variable ButChE levels than normal males. In a time-course experiment, a single dose of MMH (10 mg/kg) reduced ButChE levels when mercury levels reached 22 mug/ml in the blood. A 10% reduction in brain AChE was observed at 72 hours; however, mercury reached a concentration of only 2.0 mug/g in brain tissue. The determination of the Michaelis constant Km and maximum velocity value Vmax for butyrylcholine and ButChE in control and MMH-treated (1 mg/kg) animals indicated that MMH reduced Vmax only. Since no loss in ButChE activity occurred when MMH and control plasma were incubated in vitro, MMH is not a direct inhibitor of ButChE. Because only the inactive monomeric form of ButChE contains free sulfhydryl groups, it is postulated that MMH combines covalently with the sulfur, preventing formation of active enzyme. By analogy, it is believed this is also the case with AChE.
TEMPERANCE IN FRANCE.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal