tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder in adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: M. Stuber, K. Meeske, B. Zebrack, K. Krull, K. Stratton, W. Leisenring, L. Robison, L. Zeltzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA10002 Background: This study examined prevalence and demographic- and disease-related correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 6,542 adult childhood cancer survivors and 368 siblings from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Methods: Subjects were dichotomized based on full PTSD criteria, using the Foa PTSD self-report measure to assess posttraumatic stress symptoms of intrusion of unwanted memories, avoidance of event reminders, and increased startle response, and the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 and the SF-36 subscale, role limitation due to emotional health, to evaluate clinical distress or impaired function. A self-report questionnaire provided demographic information and medical abstraction provided cancer reatment data. Multivariable generalized linear models were used to compare prevalence of PTSD among cancer survivors to siblings and to examine relationships between PTSD and demographic and disease-related factors. Relative risks (RR) were calculated based on a Poisson distribution with robust error variances. Results: Five hundred eighty-nine (9%) childhood cancer survivors and 8 (2%) siblings met criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD (RR = 3.83, 95% CI 1.96–7.48, p &lt; 0.0001). Among cancer survivors, there was significantly more PTSD reported by women from minority backgrounds (p &lt; 0.05). Other demographic factors associated with PTSD were having less than a college education (p &lt; 0.05), being unmarried (p &lt; 0.001), having an annual income less than $20,000 (p &lt; 0.05) and being unemployed (p = 0.001). Risk of PTSD was significantly higher for survivors diagnosed at ages 15 to 20 years (p &lt; 0.05). PTSD was more common among survivors treated with intensive chemotherapy (p &lt; 0.05) or radiation therapy (p &lt; 0.001) and who relapsed or developed a second malignant neoplasm (p &lt; 0.001). Neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor survivors had a significantly lower risk of PTSD than did leukemia survivors (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: While the majority of childhood cancer survivors did not demonstrate PTSD, a clinically significant number did meet diagnostic criteria. Prospective assessment of survivors with high risk demographic-, diagnosis-, and treatment-related characteristics should be considered as part of long-term health screening. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Probing The Mystery Of Gallstones
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exercise-induced anaphylactic syndromes. Insights into diagnostic and pathophysiologic features
Authors: T. B. Casale
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To differentiate the diagnoses of exercise-induced anaphylaxis and cholinergic urticaria anaphylaxis, we developed reproducible diagnostic provocative challenges. The data derived from the study of two representative patients, one with cholinergic urticaria and the other with exercise-induced anaphylaxis, suggest approaches to distinguishing these diagnoses. After specific exercise challenges, both patients developed symptoms consistent with anaphylaxis and had associated increases in plasma histamine levels. After passive heat challenges inducing increases in core body temperature more than 0.7 °C, only the patient with cholinergic urticaria developed anaphylactic symptoms and had a rise in the plasma histamine level. Neither patient developed symptoms of anaphylaxis when core body temperatures were increased after administration of intravenous endotoxin. Thus, passive heat challenges are extremely valuable in differentiating these two exercise-related syndromes. Although not important in exercise-induced anaphylaxis, specific thermoregulatory mechanisms appear to play an intricate part in the pathophysiology of cholinergic urticaria /anaphylaxis. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:2049-2053)
Erratum: “ <i>Para</i> – and <i>Ortho</i> -SubstitutionsAre Key Determinants of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Activity toward RyanodineReceptors and Neurotoxicity”
Authors: Kyung Ho Kim, Diptiman D. Bose, Atefeh Ghogha, Joyce Riehl, Rui Zhang, Christopher D. Barnhart, Pamela J. Lein, Isaac N. Pessah
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)
Thrombopoietin.
Authors: E Kelemen
Journal: BMJ (1970)

and child psychiatrist are also needed for the regular assessment of the child's devel- opmental progress and to help with the emotional problems which arise commonly in children requiring a special and rather unpalatable diet for many years.The greatest danger in treatment arises from brain damage, and even death, result- ing from too severe restriction of dietary phenylalanine, and we have had children referred to us in whom it seemed likely that severe mental retardation was thle result of such dietary mismanagement.A regular prompt laboratory service for phenylalanine estimations is thus essential.We, therefore, suggest that centralization of the processing of the screening procedure, confirmation of the diagnosis, and management of the established case should all take place in one of a small number of special centres.Such central- ization of management does not necessarily involve frequent visits to the centre after the initial inpatient stay.An appropriate sample of blood or plasma for the estima- tion of phenylalanine can be sent by post.Since the dietitian will be known already to the mother, any dietary change required in the light of the result can be made without delay by 'phone or by post.We have con- trolled the management of many children in this way and, in general, have encountered excellent co-operation from the local paediatrician and general practitioner.Phenylketonuria is rare; only about 90 patients are born in the United Kingdom each year.If our management is to be adequate and if, in addition, reseach is to be carried out to improve methods of diagnosis and management, centralization is essential.For complicated surgical procedures, such as open heart surgery, the profession is beginning to realize that centralization leads to better results and is more economical.Similarly, we should recognize that there are certain rare medical disorders whose management is complicated and that patients suffering from them benefit from being referred to a special centre.Phenylke- tonuria is one of them.-Weare, etc.,
The expression pattern of erythrocyte/megakaryocyte-related transcription factors GATA-1 and the stem cell leukemia gene correlates with hematopoietic differentiation and is associated with outcome of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: T Shimamoto, K Ohyashiki, JH Ohyashiki, K Kawakubo, T Fujimura, H Iwama, S Nakazawa, K Toyama
Journal: Blood (1995)
Titanium Seed
Authors: Judith Skillman
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A rat model of esophageal varices
Authors: K Tanoue
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

We have developed a new method for inducing portal hypertension and esophageal varices in rats—partial ligation of the portal vein after devascularization of the circumference of the left renal vein and complete ligation of the portal vein on the fifth day thereafter. Thirty rats were separated into groups of 10, control (sham operation), complete portal ligation only and complete portal ligation plus devascularization. Two weeks after the surgery, the presence of esophageal varices in rats with complete portal ligation plus devas-cularization was confirmed by portography and by the histological findings. The diameter (mean ± SD) of the submucosal veins of the lower esophagus in the complete portal ligation plus devascularization group (219.4 ± 86.6 μm) was significantly larger than that in the complete portal ligation group (99.8 ± 53.4 μm) or in the control group (30.5 ± 16.6 μm) (p <0.01). Vascular structures of the lower esophagus closely resembled those in humans with esophageal varices. This new technique is simple, rapid and reliable, and application can be made to various experimental studies on portal hypertension. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;353–358).
Surgical Patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Prevention of Paradoxical Embolism–Related Cerebrovascular Ischemic Events
Authors: Joseph A. Dearani, Baran S. Ugurlu, Gordon K. Danielson, Richard C. Daly, Christopher G. A. McGregor, Charles J. Mullany, Francisco J. Puga, Thomas A. Orszulak, Betty J. Anderson, Robert D. Brown, Hartzell V. Schaff
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The role of surgical closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) for cerebral infarction (CI) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) resulting from paradoxical embolism is unclear, and its effect on recurrence is unknown. Our objective was to determine the outcome of surgical closure of PFO in patients with a prior ischemic neurological event, define the rate of CI or TIA recurrence after PFO closure, and identify risk factors for these recurrences. Methods and Results —We retrospectively analyzed 91 patients (58 men, 33 women) with ≥1 previous cerebrovascular ischemic events who underwent surgical PFO closure between April 1982 and March 1998. The presence of a PFO with a right-to-left shunt was confirmed with transesophageal echocardiography. Mean age was 44.2±12.2 years. The index event was a CI in 59 and a TIA in 32; a Valsalva-like episode preceded the event in 15 patients. Deep venous thrombosis was documented in 9 patients, and a hypercoagulable state was identified in 10. Surgical closure was performed with extracorporeal circulation by either direct suture (n=82) or patch closure (n=9). Limited incisions were used in 18.7% of patients. There was no operative mortality. Morbidity included transient atrial fibrillation (n=11), pericardial drainage for effusion (n=4), exploration for bleeding (n=3), and superficial wound infection (n=1). Follow-up totaled 176.3 patient-years, and mean follow-up was 2.0 years. No one had a CI, and 8 had a TIA during follow-up, with 1 caused by temporal arteritis. Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated all closures to be intact in these patients. The overall freedom from TIA recurrence during follow-up was 92.5±3.2% at 1 year and 83.4±6.0% at 4 years. Having multiple neurological events before PFO closure was the only significant risk factor for TIA or CI recurrence after closure by univariate analysis ( P =0.05); the small number of post-PFO closure cerebral ischemic events precluded multivariate analysis. Conclusions —Surgical closure of PFO can be performed with minimal morbidity and mortality. PFO closure may decrease the risk of recurrent stroke or TIA and may avoid lifelong anticoagulation in the young adult if there is no other indication. Recurrent cerebrovascular ischemic events after surgery should prompt further evaluation to identify causes other than paradoxical embolism.
Effects of stress management training and dietary changes in treating ischemic heart disease
Authors: D. Ornish
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To evaluate the short-term effects of an intervention that consists of stress management training and dietary changes in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), we compared the cardiovascular status of 23 patients who received this intervention with a randomized control group of 23 patients who did not. After 24 days, patients in the experimental group demonstrated a 44% mean increase in duration of exercise, a 55% mean increase in total work performed, somewhat improved left ventricular regional wall motion during peak exercise, and a net change in the left ventricular ejection fraction from rest to maximum exercise of +6.4%. Also, we measured a 20.5% mean decrease in plasma cholesterol levels and a 91.0% mean reduction in frequency of anginal episodes. In this selected sample, short-term improvements in cardiovascular status seem to result from these adjuncts to conventional treatments of IHD. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:54-59)
Transactions of the Colorado State Medical Society.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of venovenous bypass on perioperative renal function in liver transplantation: Results of a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: L Grande
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Although venovenous bypass (VVBP) has been suggested to protect the kidneys during liver transplantation and its systematic use has therefore been recommended, this beneficial effect of VVBP has not been clearly demonstrated. In a prospective, randomized, controlled trial, 77 patients receiving liver transplants for chronic liver disease were allocated to be supported with VVBP (group 1, 38 patients) or not (group 2, 39 patients). Both groups were similar in relation to preoperative clinical and laboratory data and operative transfusion requirements. Inulin clearance and urinary β2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion (to determine glomerular filtration rate and tubular damage, respectively) were measured at different perioperative periods (anesthesia induction, hepatectomy, anhepatic phase, biliary anastomosis, and 24 hours after surgery). A significant decrease in inulin clearance and increase in tubular damage markers were observed in the anhepatic phase, which only partly improved in the subsequent phases. No significant differences were observed between groups 1 and 2 at any perioperative phase, except during the anhepatic phase, in which a more marked renal function impairment occurred in group 2 patients. However, renal function on the 7th postoperative day and the need for hemodialysis/ hemofiltration during the 1st week were similar in both groups. Among 40 variables analyzed, only low mean arterial pressure at anesthesia induction was identified as an independent predictor for early postoperative severe renal failure (inulin clearance < 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 at the 24th postoperative hour), with no significant relationship between this complication and the use of venovenous bypass. Renal function markedly deteriorates during liver transplantation, and renal impairment persists during the early postoperative period. Because VVBP support is not associated with any clear benefit in renal function, its systematic use does not seem to be justified.
Cephalosporin Allergy
Authors: Pramod S. Kelkar, James T.-C. Li
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Cephalosporin antibiotics are widely prescribed for common infections such as bronchitis, otitis media, pneumonia, and cellulitis. They are also administered as first-line prophylaxis for many types of surgical procedures. A relative contraindication to these agents is a history of allergy to penicillin. In this situation, many clinicians select a different class of antibiotic, such as vancomycin. However, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms demands that the selection of antibiotics be made only after careful evaluation. In this article, we review allergy to cephalosporins, with special attention to the risks of administering them to patients with a history of penicillin allergy.Reactions . . .
Examining life's (genomic) code means reexamining society's long-held codes
Authors: J. W. Zylke
Journal: JAMA (1992)

MUCH of the scientific community views the Human Genome Project as a path of tremendous promise. But ethicists and lawyers are warning that this gene map may lead down pothole-filled roads. This mapping and sequencing of the genome is unique among scientific projects in its recognition of the need to consider ethical, legal, and social issues and in providing funds to do so. At $5 million, the project has "the largest biomedical ethics program in this country and probably in the world," according to Nancy Wexler, PhD, the chair of the National Center for Human Genome Research's Committee on Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues. She is also president of the Hereditary Disease Foundation and associate professor of clinical and neuropsychiatry at Columbia University, New York, NY. <h3>Insight From Campuses</h3> In 1991, the ethics program sponsored 19 programs across the country. Participants at two of these, at the University of Michigan,
Laryngeal Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Jata S. Ghosh
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Platt (237:1234, 1977) is indeed correct that<i>Coccidioides immitis</i>is seldom recognized as a cause of pathogenic conditions of the upper respiratory tract. However, his assertion that there are only two other published reports of coccidioidomycosis of the upper respiratory tract, one of endolaryngeal and the other of epiglottic involvement, is erroneous. Oliver<sup>1</sup>described a case of coccidioidomycosis in a 34-year-old man, involving nose, left hand, left index finger, larynx, and epiglottis. Biopsy of cutaneous as well as laryngeal and epiglottic lesions was positive for<i>C immitis</i>.
Dr. Stoll and Colleagues Reply
Authors: ANDREW L. STOLL, MAURICIO TOHEN, ROSS J. BALDESSARINI, DANIEL C. GOODWIN, STEFAN STEIN, STEPHEN KATZ, DOUGLAS GEENENS, RICHARD P. SWINSON, JOHN W. GOETHE, THOMAS MCGLASHAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)
生物制剂和生物仿制药对中度至重度斑块状银屑病患者的安全性、疗效和药物存活率
Authors: A. Egeberg, M.B. Ottosen, R. Gniadecki, S. Broesby-Olsen, T.N. Dam, L.E. Bryld, M.K. Rasmussen, L. Skov
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

银屑病是一种影响全球2~3%人口的常见疾病,中度至重度病例需要使用生物药物(生物制剂)进行系统的治疗。治疗通常是永久性的,但这些药物久而久之可能会失去功效。当原药(原研药)的专利到期之后,其他公司就可以生产生物仿制药,即与原研药非常相似的药物(但并非完全一致,因为生物制剂来源于活跃的人类基因)。这项在丹麦开展的研究比较了五种生物制剂的安全性、功效和药物存活率(即患者持续治疗的时长):阿达木单抗、依那西普、英夫利昔、苏金单抗和优特克单抗。此项研究还比较了依那西普和英夫利昔的原研药版本和生物仿制药版本。研究人员检测了来自2161名患者的3495个治疗系列的数据。优特克单抗的药物存活率大大长于其他几种药物。苏金单抗的药物存活率最短,因而停止治疗的风险也最高。不良事件也最常见于服用苏金单抗的患者中。从原研药转换至生物仿制药版本并不会显著影响药物存活率。在皮肤症状痊愈的患者中,这种情况较快发生在采用苏金单抗作为首种生物制剂的患者中。在10年间,停止治疗发生在45.7%(阿达木单抗)、64.9%(依那西普)和54.4%(英夫利昔)的患者中。苏金单抗和优特克单抗则分别仅服用了8年和2年,在此期间分别有30.3%和28.8%的患者停止了这些治疗。随着时间的推移,在治疗反应方面,苏金单抗的反应最高,其次是阿达木单抗。
Bosutinib Safety Profile and Management of Toxicities in Leukemia Patients with Resistance or Intolerance to Imatinib and Other Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Hagop M Kantarjian, Jorge E Cortes, Dong-Wook Kim, H. Jean Khoury, Tim H Brümmendorf, Kimmo Porkka, Giovanni Martinelli, Simon Durrant, Eric Leip, Nadine Besson, Virginia Kelly, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
Journal: Blood (2011)
Amer J Obstetrics &amp;amp; Gynecology, St. Louis
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal