tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mitral Annular Dilatation and Papillary Muscle Dislocation Without Mitral Regurgitation in Sheep
Authors: G. Randall Green, Paul Dagum, Julie R. Glasson, George T. Daughters, Ann F. Bolger, Linda E. Foppiano, Gerald J. Berry, Neil B. Ingels, D. Craig Miller
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Asymmetrical mitral annular (MA) dilatation and papillary muscle dislocation are implicated in the pathogenesis of functional mitral regurgitation (MR). Methods and Results —To determine the mechanism by which annular and papillary muscle geometric alterations result in MR, we implanted radiopaque markers in the left ventricle, mitral annulus, anterior and posterior mitral leaflets, and papillary muscle tips and bases in 2 groups of sheep. One group served as controls (CTL, n=7); an experimental group (EXP, n=9) underwent topical phenol application to obliterate anterior annular and leaflet muscle (confirmed histologically ex vivo). After 1 week of recovery, markers were imaged with biplane videofluoroscopy, and hemodynamic data were recorded. MA area (computed from 3-dimensional marker coordinates) was 11% to 13% larger in the EXP group than in the CTL group ( P &lt;0.05 by ANOVA). This area increase resulted exclusively from intercommissural axis increase except in 1 heart with large (&gt;1 cm) increases in both the intercommissural and septolateral annular axes. The anterior papillary muscle tip in EXP was displaced from CTL by 2.9±0.23 mm toward the anterolateral left ventricle and 2.5±0.12 mm toward the mitral annulus at end systole; the posterior papillary muscle geometry was unchanged. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed MR only in the heart exhibiting biaxial annular enlargement. Conclusions —MA dilatation in the intercommissural dimension with anterior papillary muscle tip displacement toward the annulus is insufficient to produce MR in sheep. Functional MR may require MA dilatation in the septolateral axis, as observed with proximal circumflex coronary occlusion.
SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS.
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 18185: Clinical Impact of Left Atrial Appendage Closure on the Incidence of Stroke, Bleeding and on Quality of Life in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Standardized Single Center Registry
Authors: Tudor C Poerner, Stephanie Wieg, Björn Goebel, Sylvia Otto, Hans R Figulla
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: We aimed to assess the impact of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) on the incidence of cardiac mortality, stroke, bleeding and quality of life (QOL) in a standardized single center registry. Methods: At our institution LAAC using the Watchman device has been recommended since 2010 in all patients (pt) with atrial fibrillation (AF) and bleeding events under oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC). Postprocedural antithrombotic therapy included aspirin for life, OAC or low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) for 45 days, followed by clopidogrel up to 6 months after LAAC. In pt with absolute contraindications against OAC, clopidogrel was started after LAAC and given for 6 months without OAC/LMWH. An ambulatory examination with transesophageal echo at 45 days and a standardized clinical follow-up (f/u) at 1 year including QOL assessment using a modified 17-questions AFEQT™ questionnaire were routinely performed. Results: Ninety consecutive pt (52 males) aged between 53 - 90 years (74.3 ± 7, median 75) underwent LAAC between 2010 and 2013. The CHA2DS2VASc score ranged between 2 - 6 (4.1 ± 1.1, median 4) and the HAS-BLED score between 2 - 8 (4.4 ± 1.6, median 4). Confirmed history of stroke was present in 11 pt, of whom 9 had a non-chicken wing morphology of the appendage (p &lt; 0.01). Procedural success was obtained in 89 of 90 pt, while 3 pt needed 2 occluders to fully close the LAA. Clinical f/u data and the modified AFEQT™ questionnaire, which was completed by 49 pt are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Conclusions: In AF pt with high stroke and bleeding risk LAAC effectively reduced both bleeding complications and ischemic stroke and also significantly improved quality of life at 1-year follow-up.
Abstract 19179: Effects of Systemic Insulin Resistance on Redox State and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Bioavailability in the Human Vascular Wall
Authors: Ioannis Akoumianakis, Marios Margaritis, Constantinos Psarros, Laura Herdman, Alexios Antonopoulos, Mario Petrou, George Krasopoulos, Paulus Wohlfart, Keith Channon, Charalambos Antoniades
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We explored the specific effects of insulin resistance on vascular redox state and endothelial function in non-diabetic patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: The study population consisted of 383 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery (CABG). Endothelial function was estimated using non-invasive imaging (brachial Flow-Mediated Dilatation -FMD) preoperatively. During surgery, segments of human saphenous vein (SV)were obtained and used to quantify nitric oxide bioavailability (ex vivo vasorelaxations in response to acetylcholine) and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide (O2-) by lucigenin chemiluminescence (using NADPH at 100μM). Glucose and insulin were measured in plasmas for calculation of HOMA-IR, the homeostatic model assessment of IR status. Results: The presence of IR (HOMA-IR&gt;2.9) was associated with impaired FMD (A), reduced vasorelaxations of human vessels in response to acetylcholine (B) and elevated vascular O2- generation (C). Conclusions: IR is associated with impaired endothelial function and increased oxidative stress in human vessels. This is the first study demonstrating a direct effect of systemic insulin resistance on key mechanisms of atherogenesis in human vessels, highlighting it as a specific therapeutic target in non-diabetic patients with atherosclerosis.
Statistical Methods Applied to Experiments in Agriculture and Biology
Journal: JAMA (1941)

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Response to a double dose (40 mcg) and an accelerated schedule (0-1-2 months) of hepatitis B vaccine in patients with advance cirrhosis. A prospective study
Authors: Sergio Rodríguez-Tajes, Anna Pocurull, Sabela Lens, Zoe Mariño, Ana Alonso, Anna Vilella, Xavier Forns
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis With Unexpected Remission
Authors: L. Theodore Lawrence
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A case of classic chronic calcific constrictive pericarditis had a benign 11-year course until appearance of an intercurrent lymphoma. Following treatment of the lymphoma there was a remission in the hemodynamic abnormalities caused by the pericarditis. It is important to consider complicating factors in the evaluation of constrictive pericarditis.
High- to Low-Dose Extrapolation: Critical Determinants Involved in the Dose Response of Carcinogenic Substances
Authors: James A. Swenberg, Frank C. Richardson, Joyce A. Boucheron, Frank H. Deal, Steven A. Belinsky, Michel Charbonneau, Brian G. Short
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Recent investigations on mechanism of carcinogenesis have demonstrated important quantitative relationships between the induction of neoplasia, the molecular dose of promutagenic DNA adducts and their efficiency for causing base-pair mismatch, and the extent of cell proliferation in target organ. These factors are involved in the multistage process of carcinogenesis, including initiation, promotion, and progression. The molecular dose of DNA adducts can exhibit supralinear, linear, or sublinear relationships to external dose due to differences in absorption, biotransformation, and DNA repair at high versus low doses. In contrast, increased cell proliferation is a common phenomena that is associated with exposures to relatively high doses of toxic chemicals. As such, it enhances the carcinogenic response at high doses, but has little effect at low doses. Since data on cell proliferation can be obtained for any exposure scenario and molecular dosimetry studies are beginning to emerge on selected chemical carcinogens, methods are needed so that these critical factors can be utilized in extrapolation from high to low doses and across species. The use of such information may provide a scientific basis for quantitative risk assessment.
The Operating Room. A Primer for Pupil Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Scientists zero in on new HIV microbicides
Authors: R. Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

AFTER YEARS of clinical and political neglect, basic scientists have some promising news about AIDS prevention for women. A handful of researchers who presented findings at the recent conference on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in women in Washington, DC, offered a new look at microbicides intended to protect women from infection without the aid or consent of their sexual partners. (See also p 982.) Women's health advocates stress the need for alternatives to condoms, not because they leak or break too frequently but because they aren't used often enough. They also acknowledge the need for noncontraceptive methods of infection prevention. Investigators are taking several approaches. Some are studying compounds that may block infection of vaginal or cervical epithelial cells. Others are evaluating temperature-sensitive gels that might disperse infection-fighting drugs in the female genital tract. Even nonoxynol 9, the spermicide once ballyhooed but soon discredited as an anti-HIV agent, may get
INFANT-FEEDING.
Authors: ALEXANDER McALISTER
Journal: JAMA (1900)

There is no more important subject in the domain of preventive medicine than that of infant-feeding. While the melancholy fact remains that a third of all infants born, largely because of improper nutrition, die before the completion of their third year, the abundance of literature on this subject constitutes no sufficient reason why it should not again and again be taken up. On the other hand, the infant mortuary records plead piteously that the subject be not laid aside as threadbare. It is not merely on a par with the most important subject in preventive medicine, but is itself the most weighty in this branch of the sanitary sciences. Not merely the life and well-being of the infant and child, but those of the adult and generations yet to be born are most vitally influenced by proper feeding of the infant. That real progress has been made in our understanding
Inhibition of Histone Methylation Arrests Ongoing Graft-Versus-Host Diseases in Mice by Selectively Inducing Apoptosis of Alloreactive Effector T Cells
Authors: Shan He, Jina Wang, Koji Kato, Fang Xie, Sooryanarayana Varambally, Shin Mineishi, Rork Kuick, Kazuhiro Mochizuki, Yongnian Liu, Evelyn Nieves, Ram Mani, Arul M. Chinnaiyan, Victor E. Marquez, Yi Zhang
Journal: Blood (2011)
Educational programs in areas allied with medicine
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Paternal Occupational Exposures and Childhood Cancer
Authors: Maria Feychting, Nils Plato, Gun Nise, Anders Ahlbom
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The objective of the study described here was to test the hypothesis that paternal occupational exposure near conception increases the risk of cancer in the offspring. We conducted a cohort study based on a population of 235,635 children born shortly after two different censuses in Sweden. The children were followed from birth to 14 years, and cases of cancer were identified in the Swedish Cancer Registry. Occupational hygienists assessed the probability of exposure to different agents in each combination of the father's industry and occupation as reported in the censuses. We also analyzed individual job titles. We compared the cancer incidence among children of exposed fathers to that among children of unexposed fathers using Cox proportional hazards modeling. The main findings were an increased risk of nervous system tumors related to paternal occupational exposure to pesticides [relative risk (RR) = 2.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-4.39] and work as a painter (RR = 3.65; 95% CI, 1.71-7.80), and an increased risk of leukemia related to wood work by fathers (RR = 2.18; 95% CI, 1.26-3.78). We found no associations between childhood leukemia and paternal exposure to pesticides or paint. Our results support previous findings of an increased risk of childhood brain tumors and leukemia associated with certain paternal occupational exposures. Some findings in previous studies were not confirmed in this study.
Regulation of the last two enzymatic reactions in cholesterol biosynthesis in rats: Effects of BM 15.766, cholesterol, cholic acid, lovastatin, and their combinations
Authors: A Honda
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is a common inherited birth disorder caused by markedly reduced 7-dehydrocholesterol δ7-reductase activity, the final enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. BM 15.766 (4-[2-[1-(4-chlorocinnamyl)piperazin-4-yl]ethyl]-benzoic acid) inhibits 7-dehydrocholesterol delta 7-reductase activity, reduces plasma cholesterol levels, and increases 7-dehydrocholesterol levels to reproduce the biochemical abnormalities of the syndrome in rats. Cholesterol, cholic acid, and lovastatin, alone or in combinations, were fed to rats given BM 15.766, and hepatic activities of the last two enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, lathosterol 5- dehydrogenase and 7-dehydrocholesterol delta 7-reductase, were measured. After feeding BM 15.766, hepatic 7-dehydrocholesterol delta 7-reductase activity decreased by 77% while lathosterol 5-dehydrogenase activity tended to increase, so that the ratio of 5-dehydrogenase to delta 7-reductase activities increased from 0.33 to 2.8. In BM 15.766- fed rats, treatment with cholesterol suppressed both 5-dehydrogenase and delta 7-reductase activities by 76% and 66%, respectively, and decreased the 5-dehydrogenase: delta 7-reductase activities ratio from 2.8 to 2.2. In contrast, treatment with cholic acid and BM 15.766 further inhibited delta 7-reductase activity by 67% without changing significantly the 5-dehydrogenase activity that had increased the ratio to 5.5. Combining BM 15.766 with lovastatin increased 5-dehydrogenase activity fivefold but did not change delta 7-reductase activity, raising the ratio to 14.3. In BM 15.766-treated rats, the first and last two enzymatic reactions in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway catalyzed by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, lathosterol 5-dehydrogenase, and 7-dehydrocholesterol delta 7-reductase are down-regulated by cholesterol. Thus, only cholesterol and not cholic acid or lovastatin could reduce elevated plasma 7- dehydrocholesterol levels induced by BM 15.766.
City Life
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 6(3) March 2009
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

This mosaic of photographs of reporting and the media was created by Darcy Gill using the collage tools on flickr.com. The attribution of the original photographs is below. The subject of this month's editorial is media reporting of suicide, prompted by a study (Kapur et al., e1000026) published earlier this month finding that young men who left the UK Armed Forces were at a higher risk of suicide than those in the general population or in active service. An expert commentary published alongside the research highlighted an intervention to prevent suicide in a military population and considered more general public health approaches to suicide prevention; it also stressed the media's responsibility to report suicides in a non-sensationalized way (Sareen and Belik, e1000035). The editorial discusses what types of media reports have an effect on suicidal behavior, what constitutes safe reporting of suicides, and what PLoS Medicine did to promote the responsible reporting of this study. Quoting Australia's Media Monitoring Project, the editorial argues that the responsible media reporting of suicide can help "destigmatise mental illness in our community." Image Credit: March Mosaic 3, created by Darcy Gill. Original images (left to right, from top row to bottom) by Solar ikon, Hamed Saber, [Zenat El3ain]TM, rutlo, Alex Barth, booleansplit, Coffee Lover, flequi, notelse, renatotarga, sskennel, EliYokley[photography], BRAYDAWG, Rosa y Dani, Duchamp, and krossbow.
JAMA 75 YEARS AGO
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book reviews
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Books reviewed in this article: Galasso GJ, Whitley RJ, Merigan TC (eds.). Practical diagnosis of viral infections. Burr ML (ed.). Epidemiology of clinical allergy. Vol.31 of Monographs in Allergy (series editors: LA Hanson, F Shakib). LÅ Hansson, F Shakib (eds.). Monographs in Allergy. E‐SK Assem (ed.). Vol. 30. Allergic reactions to anaesthetics. Clinical and basic aspects.