tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Predictability of Carcinogenicity of the Covalent Binding Index of Chemicals to DNA: Comparison of the In Vivo and In Vitro Assays
Authors: Maurizio Taningher, Giovanna Saccomanno, Leonardo Santi, Sandro Grilli, Silvio Parodi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The capability of covalent binding to DNA to predict the initiating potential of chemical carcinogens was compared for the assays performed in vivo (rodent liver DNA) and in vitro (purified DNA incubated in the presence of mouse and rat liver microsomes). A quantitative correlation between DNA adducts and carcinogenic potency was investigated. The in vivo assay appeared slightly, but not significantly, more predictive than the in vitro assay. Also predictivity was slightly higher both in vivo and in vitro when we referred to liver carcinogenicity instead of overall carcinogenicity. The predictive ability found for DNA covalent binding (both in vivo and in vitro) was similar to that of many short-term tests (such as mutagenicity, DNA damage/repair, SCEs, and cell transformation tests). The covalent DNA binding, measured after incubation with DNA in vitro in the presence of liver microsomes, could therefore be a reasonable short-term test offering greater rapidity of execution and requiring the sacrifice of fewer animals than the corresponding in vivo test.
Contents
Authors: Madeleine Zetterberg, Maria Kugelberg, Ingela Nilsson, Mats Lundström, Anders Behndig, Sanjay Patel, David Hodge, Emily Treichel, Matthew Spiegel, Keith Baratz, Christina Kong, Ryan Thompson, Travis Porco, Eric Kim, Nisha Acharya, Steven Gedde, William Feuer, Kin Lim, Keith Barton, Mark Christopher, Christopher Bowd, Akram Belghith, Michael Goldbaum, Robert Weinreb, Massimo Fazio, Christopher Girkin, Jeffrey Liebmann, Linda Zangwill, Dian Li, Franziska Rauscher, Eun Choi, Mengyu Wang, Neda Baniasadi, Kerstin Wirkner, Toralf Kirsten, Joachim Thiery, Christoph Engel, Markus Loeffler, Tobias Elze, Sanjeeb Bhandari, Vuong Nguyen, Jennifer Arnold, Stephanie Young, Gayatri Banerjee, Mark Frcopth, Daniel Barthelmes, Amir Rosenblatt, Patricia Udaondo, José Cunha-Vaz, Sobha Sivaprasad, Francesco Bandello, Paolo Lanzetta, Laurent Kodjikian, Michaella Goldstein, Zohar Habot-Wilner, Anat Loewenstein, Eric Smith, Cameron Clarke, Steven Linnemeyer, Michael Singer
Journal: Ophthalmology (2020)
Expression of a Knocked-In AML1-ETO Leukemia Gene Inhibits the Establishment of Normal Definitive Hematopoiesis and Directly Generates Dysplastic Hematopoietic Progenitors
Authors: Tsukasa Okuda, Zhongling Cai, Shouli Yang, Noel Lenny, Chuhl-joo Lyu, Jan M.A. van Deursen, Hironori Harada, James R. Downing
Journal: Blood (1998)
MEDICAL PREPAREDNESS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>THE PREHABILITATION OF REGISTRANTS</h3><h3>V. A UNIVERSITY PROGRAM TO PREPARE STUDENTS FOR MILITARY SERVICE</h3> RUTH E. BOYNTON, M.D. AND HAROLD S. DIEHL, M.D. MINNEAPOLIS The administration of the University of Minnesota believes that higher educational institutions have not only an opportunity but also an obligation to prepare their students for the parts which they will be called on to play in the national defense program. University departments concerned with health, physical fitness and recreation are in a position to utilize their resources in equipment, buildings and personnel to render a special service to the men who will be selected for military training. With this in mind, during the spring quarter of 1941 an experimental program was planned and carried out for the prehabilitation of university students registered under the Selective Training law. This program consisted of (1) registration of all men in the university to determine their status in regard to Selective Service, (2) a complete medical examination according to the physical standards of the Selective Service Act, (3) an examination to determine the physical strength and endurance of these students, (4) a written examination to give information of the recreational
NEW ZEALAND MEETING
Journal: BMJ (1961)

began by emphasizing the importance of giving intramuscular cortisone acetate pre-operatively during an operation and post-operatively to patients previously receiving steroid treatment.Adrenal failure must be anticipated for very long periods after cessation of steroid therapy, probably five years, and perhaps even longer.He believed that cortisone had no place in the treatment of surgical shock except possibly in the surgery of the premature infant.Dr. WALLACE (London) believed that there were only two main indications for systemic steroid therapy in dermato- logical practice---severe pemphigus and systemic lupus erythematosus with renal involvement.He believed triamcinolone was of low value in the treatment of psoriasis.Its use was not justifiable because of the complications of, firstly, exfoliative dermatitis on withdrawal, and, secondly, the production of widespread septic psoriasis.He did not r egard hydrocortisone ointment as contraindicated in infancy, but smaller than usual concentrations were often adequate.Dr. TEGNER (London) thought that steroid therapy had eased the lot of the rheumatologist and his patient a little, but the risk of hypercorticalism was very real.Temptation to increase dosage if symptoms worsened must be resisted.A barium-meal examination was an essential prerequisite to treatment.Soluble prednisone phosphate therapy might be less commonly associated with peptic ulceration, but thiswas not yet certain.Intra-articular cortisone was an advantage to some patients, but should not be repeated more than once in six weeks.Professor SHERLOCK (London) said that in the nephrotic syndrome corticosteroid therapy was rarely needed as a diuretic but should be used as long-term maintenance therapy.Very large doses should be given to patients with
AGGLUTINATION OF TYPHOID BACILLI IN CASES OF PROTEUS AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS INFECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of VLA-4 and LFA-1 in Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Lung Inflammation in the Rat
Authors: Sophie Laberge, Hamid Rabb, Thomas B. Issekutz, James G. Martin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of blocking the integrins VLA-4 and LFA-1 on allergen-induced airway eosinophilia and responsiveness in Brown-Norway rats. Ovalbumin-sensitized rats were exposed to either aerosols of ovalbumin or saline. Airway responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) was determined 8 and 32 h after challenge. Cellular populations in the lung lavage and lung tissues were determined 32 h after allergen challenge. Total numbers of eosinophils were increased in the lung lavage (25 ml) and the small airways/parenchyma in the ovalbumin (OA)-challenged rats (4.37 × 106 ± 0.71 and 15.54 × 106 ± 1.99, respectively) compared with the saline-challenged rats (0.99 × 106 ± 0.81 and 4.84 × 106 ± 2.27; p < 0.05). Animals treated with both anti-VLA-4 and anti-LFA-1 mAbs and with anti-LFA-1 mAb alone had reduced numbers of eosinophils in the lung lavage (0.76 × 106 ± 0.80 and 0.40 × 106 ± 1.14, respectively; p < 0.05) and in the small airways/parenchyma (8.64 × 106 ± 2.07 and 4.44 × 106 ± 3.20; p < 0.05). Anti-VLA-4 mAb treatment alone did not alter the eosinophils recovered from the lung. Airway responsiveness to methacholine increased from 8 to 32 h in all ovalbumin-challenged rats, but treatment with anti-VLA-4, anti-LFA-1, or both mAbs prevented the increase in responsiveness. In conclusion, allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness is inhibitable by blocking either VLA-4 or LFA-1 integrins and is associated with a lung eosinophilia that is LFA-1 dependent and VLA-4 independent. This suggests that eosinophils do not mediate allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in the rat.
CA-125 as a screening test for ovarian cancer
Authors: P. M. Gocze
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Masters suggests that better accountability would be achieved if the rules governing scientific misconduct were to be developed by the general public who pay for research. Masters also suggests that citizens should police the process. As we made clear in our Editorial, the American public, through its elected representatives, has already had a strong influence on setting up both the rules and the process. We believe that this has had a salutary effect. Our Editorial concerns the problems inherent in a professional community policing itself. The history of this issue has shown that everyone, within the profession or outside it, has great difficulty accepting, understanding, and coping with such deceptive practices. We doubt that "a cross-section of the American public" would understand scientific fraud better than the scientist-, lawyer-, and physician-taxpayers whom Masters would consult. We strongly believe that to be properly accountable, the scientific community must acknowledge
(27) Haemangioma
Authors: Robert Tan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article (27) Haemangioma Get access Robert Tan Robert Tan Royal United Hospital, Bath Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Page 62, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14335.x Published: 01 December 1977
The Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment on Cardiac Risk Factors in Men with Low Growth Hormone Levels
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients18 July 2000The Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment on Cardiac Risk Factors in Men with Low Growth Hormone LevelsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-2-200007180-00024 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Growth hormone comes from a gland called the pituitary, located under the brain. It controls growth in children. In adults, it regulates the way the body uses fats and carbohydrates. Adults with low growth hormone levels have a greater risk for heart attacks and strokes than adults with normal levels. Low levels are also associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and unfavorable levels of cholesterol and related fats. Inflammation may cause or aggravate cardiovascular disease. Growth hormone helps to regulate inflammation, and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Effects of Growth Hormone Administration on Inflammatory and Other Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Men with Growth Hormone Deficiency. A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial.” It is in the 18 July 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 133, pages 111-122). The authors are G. Sesmilo, B.M.K. Biller, J. Llevadot, D. Hayden, G. Hanson, N. Rifai, and A. Klibanski.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Growth Hormone Administration on Inflammatory and Other Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Men with Growth Hormone Deficiency Gemma Sesmilo , Beverly M.K. Biller , Joan Llevadot , Douglas Hayden , Greta Hanson , Nader Rifai , and Anne Klibanski Metrics 18 July 2000Volume 133, Issue 2Page: 111KeywordsAdipose tissueCardiovascular diseasesCholesterolFatsGrowth hormoneInflammationInsulin resistanceMedical risk factorsMyocardial infarctionStroke ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 18 July 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
LETTER FROM BALTIMORE.
Authors: None E. F. C.
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Joyful Jogging
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Adult ambulation used to puzzle children. Why do grown-ups plod along leisurely when running is so much more fun? With the current jogging vogue, this perplexity no longer exists. Now a child is more apt to wonder why adults are so eager to run when they can be comfortably watching television. Jogging owes much of its current popularity to the changing therapeutic approaches to coronary heart disease. Whereas but a short time ago myocardial infarction was a prelude to a lifelong restriction of physical activity, it now serves as a signal for exercise programs, with jogging playing a prominent part. Underlying this changing trend in therapy is the assumption, based on animal experiments, that exercise stimulates the development of intercoronary collateral circulation and thus improves left ventricular function and prolongs life expectancy. How valid is this assumption? Nolewajka and associates<sup>1</sup>conducted a study on 17 men convalescing from acute
Continuing Education Courses for Physicians
Authors: C. H. William Ruhe
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>INTRODUCTION</h3> THE SEVENTH annual listing of courses in continuing medical education in the United States appears in the following pages ofThe Journal. This listing is for the period from Sept. 1, 1961, through Aug. 31, 1962. <h3>Definition of Terms</h3> Continuing medical education courses (formerly designated as postgraduate) were formally defined by action of the House of Delegates in December, 1952, as follows: "Postgraduate medical education consists of those educational activities engaged in by individuals possessing the degree of doctor of medicine which are primarily designed to keep them abreast of their own particular field in medicine. Such activities are intended both to refresh the individual in various aspects of his basic medical education and to inform him of the new developments within his field, and do not lead to any formal advanced standing in the profession. Postgraduate programs may be on a fullor part-time basis, but are usually
Abstract 4352: Identification of ZFP42/REX1 as a regulator of cancer stemness in CD133+liver cancer stem cells by genome-wide DNA methylation analysis
Authors: Steve Tin-Chi Luk, Man Tong, Kai Yu Ng, Kevin Yuk-Lap Yip, Xin Yuan Guan, Stephanie Ma
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract The existence of a cancer stem cell (CSCs) subset is well established in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This subset can be characterized by its CD133 expression. Since the discovery of this marker, studies have revealed deregulated pathways and epigenetic alterations associated with this subset, but few have focused on changes in DNA methylation. This study aims to fill this research gap by discovering aberrant DNA methylation patterns governing CD133+ CSC-driven HCC. Results from Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (HuMet450 BeadChip) have led to the discovery of differential methylation patterns between CD133+ liver CSCs and matched CD133- differentiated samples. ZFP42/REX1 is one of the top-ranking differentially methylated candidates. Probes corresponding to its promoter are extensively hypermethylated in the CD133+ samples. To explore the hypothesis that promoter DNA hypermethylation modulates REX1 expression, REX1 mRNA levels were first validated to be down regulated in sorted CD133+ HCC cell lines (n=2) and HCC samples (n=46, p&amp;lt;0.05) by RT-qPCR. Upon 5-AZA treatment, only low-REX1-expressing cells re-expressed REX1. By in silico prediction, a CpG island of interest located in the REX1 promoter region was selected for further investigation. Results of pyrosequencing of this CpG island show that REX1 expression appears to be negatively correlated with the degree of DNA methylation in HCC cell lines (n=3); and that HCC samples (n=13) exhibit a predominantly hypermethylated state compared to the matched non-tumor samples. To add onto the clinical relevance of REX1, two HuMet450 BeadChip datasets of HCC sample cohorts (GSE54503 and GSE60753) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In these cohorts, the CpG probes corresponding to the REX1 promoter region are significantly hypermethylated (p&amp;lt;0.01) in HCC samples compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissues. Lentiviral-based approaches were adopted to establish stable REX1 overexpressing and knockdown cells in HCC cell lines. REX1 expression appears to be negatively correlated with the cells’ abilities to migrate, invade, and form foci in vitro; and tumorigenicity in vivo. ChIP-seq has been adopted to study the DNA-binding property of REX1 in HCC cells. These findings suggest that REX1 may play a part in mediating various cancer properties in HCC. Citation Format: Steve Tin-Chi Luk, Man Tong, Kai Yu Ng, Kevin Yuk-Lap Yip, Xin Yuan Guan, Stephanie Ma. Identification of ZFP42/REX1 as a regulator of cancer stemness in CD133+ liver cancer stem cells by genome-wide DNA methylation analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4352. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4352
Normal values for oesophageal motility and function during multiple swallows of low vs high viscosity liquid
Authors: R. Sweis, A. Anggiansah, T. Wong, M. Fox
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> High resolution manometry (HRM) with spatiotemporal presentation of pressure data provides a detailed representation of oesophageal anatomy, motility and function. In the pharynx, raised Intrabolus pressure (IBP) with a steep intrabolus pressure gradient on HRM identifies clinically significant resistance to flow in the region of the upper oesophageal sphincter. The same principle can be applied to identify pathology that obstructs bolus passage also in the oesophagus and lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS); however larger volumes are required due to the greater capacity of the distal oesophagus. The sensitivity of this test to detect pathology may be increased by ingestion of high viscosity fluids compared to water; however normal values for these tests have not been established. The aim of this study was to compare oesophageal function with 200 ml high viscosity versus low viscosity liquid swallows in the physiologic, upright seated, position. <h3>Methods</h3> 9 healthy subjects (Male:Female 5:4, age 20–44) underwent HRM using a 36 channel solid state assembly (Manoscan 360, Sierra Scientific Instruments). After standard 10×5 ml water swallows, 200 ml of water (viscosity 1 cPois) and 200 ml of a thick lactose-free fruit-smoothie (100 kcal, ∼100 cPois) were ingested in consecutive order. Volunteers were asked to drink the liquid through a straw without stopping. Spatiotemporal plots of 5 ml water and large volume multiple swallows were assessed. Results are presented as Median (IQR). χ<sup>2</sup> test was used for qualitative analysis and Wilcoxon test was used to for non-parametric quantitative group comparisons. <h3>Results</h3> A similar number of swallows were required to drink the high and low viscosity liquid (19.9 vs 17.9; p=0.4); however the duration required to ingest the smoothie was greater (35 s (33–49 s) vs 25 s (22–30 s; p=0.018). Complete suppression of oesophageal contractility was achieved for all water and 7/9 fruit-smoothie swallows. IBP was somewhat higher for 5 ml water swallows (8.9 mm Hg (6.7–13.8 mm Hg)) compared to 200 ml water (3.6 mm Hg (2.5–4.6)) and 200 ml smoothie (3.0 mm Hg (0.0–4.4 mm Hg)), although this difference was non-significant (p=0.109 and 0.139 respectively). A powerful postcontraction was observed in most patients after drinking the smoothie and water (8 vs 5/9 patients; p=0.294) followed by an increase in LOS postcontraction pressure (12.7 vs 7.1 mm Hg; p=0.144) respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study compares the function of the healthy oesophagus to free drinking of low versus high viscosity fluids. Furthermore it provides reference values for future clinical studies to assess the clinical utility of including high viscosity fluids in HRM investigation of patients with oesophageal symptoms.