tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment-adjusted predisposition to second malignant neoplasms after a solid cancer in childhood: A case-control study
Authors: S. Guérin, M. Hawkins, A. Shamsaldin, C. Guibout, I. Diallo, O. Oberlin, L. Brugières, F. de Vathaire
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21031 Background: Previous therapy, genetic susceptibility and the type of the first cancer are known to be associated with the risk of a second malignant neoplasm (SMN) among patients treated for a childhood cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the independent role of the type of first malignant neoplasm in the onset of any SMN taking into account treatment and family cancer syndromes. Methods: A case-control study nested in a European cohort of 4,581 patients, treated for a solid cancer during childhood was conducted. 146 cases with a SMN and 417 controls were matched according to sex, age at first cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, the local radiation dose received at the site of the SMN for the case and at the same site for the matched controls and follow- up. Results: A significantly increased risk of developing any SMN was observed after Hodgkin's lymphoma, retinoblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma orand a malignant bone tumor as the first malignant neoplasm (FMN), independently of initial treatment and family cancer syndromes. A significantly increased risk of developing a sarcoma was observed among patients who had developed a retinoblastoma, OR=5.9 (95%CI : 1.0–34) a malignant bone tumor, OR=11.9 (95%CI : 1.5–95), or a soft tissue sarcoma, OR=5.1 (95%CI : 1.4–19) compared to patients with a Wilm's tumor as the FMN. Conclusions: Survivors of Hodgkin's lymphoma, retinoblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma or a malignant bone tumor are at increased risk of any SMN independently of initial treatment and genetic susceptibility. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Lectures on the Pathology of Tuberculous Diseases of Bones and Joints
Authors: W. W. Cheyne
Journal: BMJ (1891)

the Skull, hones of the Fatce, TVertebrce, Sacro-Iliac Synchon- drosis.--Evidenicethat the ter ms " Tuberculous " Bone and Joint D)isease anid Stru?nous" Bone and Joint Disease are synony- mous-fromi (aCses of Accidental Infection, from the Micro- sc"pical Structure of the Affected Tissues, from the Presence of rTuberecle Bacilli.Mxlt.PRIiEsIDENT,-In my lectures lhere last year I described in detail the morbi(d aniatomy of tuberculous diseases of bones and joints, an(d il tlhe present lectures I propose to continue this subject, and(I aftrrwards to consider their etiology.It will be remembered that I laid special stress on the distribu- tion of the disease, and pointed out that, in my opinion, it usuially begins at one or more points, and spreads from these
TAMI-37. SEX DIFFERENCES IN REDOX STATE UNDERLIE GLUTAMINE DEPENDENCY IN MALE GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Jasmin Sponagel, Shanshan Zhang, Jill Jones, Prakash Chinnaiyan, Joshua Rubin, Joseph Ippolito
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. GBM occurs more commonly in males but female patients survive significantly longer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this clinical sex disparity could support novel treatment strategies to improve outcomes for GBM patients. In this regard, we found that male and female GBM patient tissues differ in their metabolite profiles and that male GBM exhibit a higher abundance of amino acid metabolites. We confirmed these findings in a murine model of GBM. Furthermore, we found that male GBM cells are more sensitive to amino acid deprivation. This male-specific dependency on amino acids is almost entirely driven by amino acids involved in the synthesis of the antioxidant glutathione. Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) mediates the conversion from glutamine to glutamate, a crucial component of glutathione. We found that male GBM cells are more sensitive to GLS1 inhibition with the clinical inhibitor CB-839. This correlated with significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in male GBM. We further confirmed sex differences in redox state through pharmacological depletion of glutathione, which resulted in a significant increase in ROS and cell death in male GBM cells. Moreover, assays of glutathione oxidation demonstrated that male GBM cells exist in a chronically oxidized state. Finally, we found that mitochondrial structure and function, including TCA cycle flux, NADH levels, and antioxidant activity, differ between male and female GBM cells. Together, these data suggest that (1) male and female GBM differ in their amino acid requirements, (2) male GBM are more dependent on glutamine to regulate ROS levels, and (3) sex differences in mitochondrial physiology may result in ROS accumulation and increased susceptibility to drugs targeting the redox state in male GBM. Our data reveal novel metabolic targets for GBM and underline the importance of considering sex in metabolic targeting approaches.
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1898)

The surgical treatment of carbuncle is not so uniform as our correspondent is disposed to believe.The practice of making free cruciaI incisions has to a great &xtent been superseded by other methods, and by most surgeons of authority and experience favour is shown either to the strictly expectant method without cutting or caustic, first advocated by Sir James Paget in I869, or to the more radical treatment of total excision or of free exposure and curetting.The non-surgieal treatment of carbuncle was advocated by Dr. Duncan Bulkley at the last annual meeting of the Association, and a full report of his paper and of the discussion which followed will be found in the BRITISH MEDICAL JOUIRNAL of October 2nd, I897.PASSING BOUGIE THROUGH SENSITIVE STRICTURE.THE following answers have been received to Ex.-H.S.'s query on this subject:-J.M. R. T. suggests filling the urethra with 5 per cent.solution of cocaine hydrochiorate anc retaining this for five minutes, but advises that too great advantage should not be taken of the absence of the pain wlhich is thus produced, as under such circumstances the " bougieism"
Nifedipine-induced hypotension and myocardial ischemia in refractory angina pectoris
Authors: W. E. Boden
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Combined nitrate/β-blocker/nifedipine therapy is commonly used to treat refractory angina pectoris. We have observed "paradoxical" myocardial ischemia in ten patients with refractory angina (seven receiving combined β-blocker and nitrate therapy, and three receiving nitrate treatment alone) in whom nifedipine (mean dosage, 92 mg/day; range, 60 to 120 mg/day) induced a decrease in blood pressure, angina pectoris (10/10 patients), and ischemic ECG changes (7/10 patients). These ten patients, all of whom regularly reported angina within 20 to 30 minutes of nifedipine ingestion, were prospectively studied before and after usual nifedipine dose administration, while blood pressures, heart rate, and ECGs were recorded. Mean systolic BP fell from 109 to 94 mm Hg after nifedipine (<i>P</i>&lt;.001, paired<i>t</i>test); mean heart rate increased from 64 to 68 beats per minute (<i>P</i>&lt;.05); seven patients developed transient ECG changes (five with ST-T wave depression and two with ST-T wave elevation) during the hypotensive period. Nifedipine may provoke angina and myocardial ischemia in certain patients with refractory angina pectoris receiving concomitant β-blocker and nitrate therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1131-1135)
THE PATHOLOGY OF BURNS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer Mortality in U.S. Counties with Plastics and Related Industries
Authors: Thomas J. Mason
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Counties in the United States have been identified with chemical establishments whose primary manufacturing processes use vinyl chloride. Site-specific cancer mortality comparisons have revealed an excess of multiple myeloma in males associated with two of the manufacturing categories, synthetic rubber and synthetic fibers. A causal relationship between these manufacturing categories and multiple myeloma could not be established. An industry-based assessment of the occupational contribution to this excess is needed to evaluate the etiologic importance of this relationship.
Iproniazid Ointment
Authors: Arthur L. Scherbel
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> InThe Journalof May 20 (<b>176</b>:646, 1961), Dr. Louis Byrne questioned whether or not the topical application of iproniazid ointment can accelerate normal wound healing, and cited as reference my paper entitled "Newer Concepts of Amine Oxidase Inhibitors," which was published in the<i>Archives of Internal Medicine</i>(<b>107</b>:37 [Jan.] 1961). In my paper I referred only to the stimulating effect observed following the local application of 2% to 5% iproniazid ointment on the delayed healing of idiopathic ulcers that may complicate rheumatoid disease or pyoderma gangrenosa accompanying chronic ulcerative colitis. In most instances, healing of these lesions occurs slowly, but, nevertheless, iproniazid is usually effective when other therapeutic measures have failed. A similar effect has not been observed in diabetic ulcers, or in those that complicate chronic venous insufficiency. This observation was first reported in the<i>Cleveland Clinic Quartely</i>(<b>25</b>:92-94 [April] 1958).
Laetrilomania
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

This Laetrile business is reaching the point of absurdity.As a cancer patient myself, I would not take Laetrile under any circumstances. If any members of my family had cancer, I would counsel them against it. If I were still in practice, I would not recommend it to my patients. Yet, perhaps, there are some situations in which rational medical science should yield and make some concessions. If any patient had what I thought was hopelessly advanced cancer, and if he asked for Laetrile, I should like to be able to give the substance to him to assuage his mental . . .
<i>Announcement</i>: National Food Safety Education Month — September 2017
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

September is National Food Safety Education Month.One of CDC's food safety objectives is to raise awareness about healthy practices to prevent food poisoning.Every year in the United States, an estimated one in six persons (48 million persons) become ill, and 3,000 die from eating contaminated food (1).Some persons are at higher risk for foodborne illnesses (food poisoning) or might experience more severe symptoms: children aged <5 years (2), adults aged ≥65 years (3), pregnant women, and those with immune systems compromised by medical conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, or by treatments such as chemotherapy.This year, CDC is focusing on raising awareness about these groups at high risk for foodborne illnesses.Persons in these groups should not eat undercooked animal products (e.g., meat, poultry, eggs, or seafood) (4), raw or lightly cooked sprouts, or unpasteurized milk and juices.They should also avoid eating soft cheese (e.g., queso fresco) unless the product's label indicates that it was made with pasteurized milk.Information about CDC's activities related to Food Safety Education Month can be found at https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/education-month.html.Information on preventing food poisoning can be found at https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/groups/consumers.html.
Instructions to Authors
Authors: David Cohen
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Observations in Hepatology submissions are intended to be outstanding case-based contributions which describe a unique presentation, novel observation, or cutting edge approach to management of a liver disease.The format should not include an abstract.It should include a brief introduction, presentation of the case (or case series), and discussion.The maximum length is 750 words, including the summary and references.There is a maximum of 2 figures or tables, and 5 references.
Figures Transposed
Journal: JAMA (1964)

AP and lateral views of chest April 23, 1 963, showing promi¬ nence of hilar shadows, thickening of minor and major fis¬ sures on right, and patchy type of infiltration in right lung and to a lesser extent on the left.she had no urinary symptoms, a urine specimen examined by her physician showed pyuria.Nitrofurantoin, 50 mg, was taken that afternoon and eve¬ ning and the following morning.During the night of May 17, 1963, she developed cough, dyspnea, chilliness, and on the morning of May 18, she developed nausea and fever to 39 C.She was referred to this hospital for second admis¬ sion at 11:00 am, May 18, dyspneic, talking in short bursts of two or three words, and her respirations were 52 per minute.Positive physical findings were limited to the chest, with dullness at the right base, mild diffuse expiratory wheezes, scattered rhonchi, and a few fine rales at the right base.Her heart rate was 120.She was placed in an oxygen tent and her tachypnea cleared overnight.
The impact of persistent dysphagia (PD) after induction chemotherapy in patients with loco-regionally advanced (LRA) adenocarcinoma (ACA) of the esophagus and gastro-esophageal junction (E/GEJ) receiving a tri-modality treatment regimen.
Authors: Michael J. McNamara, Davendra Sohal, Sudish C. Murthy, Lisa A. Rybicki, Cristina P. Rodriguez, Kevin L. Stephans, Gregory M.M. Videtic, John Greskovich, Siva Raja, Joanna Bodmann, Denise I. Ives, David J. Adelstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15086 Background: For patients with LRA ACA of the E/GEJ who receive pre-operative therapy, advanced pathologic stage at surgery is strongly associated with recurrence and death. Identification of such patients prior to resection, however, is problematic. Given the morbidity of esophageal resection, alternative treatment strategies may be desirable in this patient population. Methods: Between 2/08 and 1/12, 60 evaluable patients with LRA ACA of the E/GEJ enrolled in single arm phase II trial of induction chemotherapy, surgery, and post-operative chemoradiotherapy. A clinical stage of T3, N1 or M1a (AJCC 6th) was required for eligibility. Induction chemotherapy with epirubicin 50mg/m2 d1, oxaliplatin 130mg/m2 d1, and fluorouracil 200mg/m2/day continuous infusion for 3 weeks, was given every 21 days for 3 courses and was followed by surgical resection. Adjuvant CRT consisted of 50-55Gy @ 1.8-2.0 Gy/d and 2 courses of cisplatin (20mg/m2/d) and fluorouracil (1000mg/m2/d) given as 96 hour infusions during weeks 1 and 4 of radiotherapy. Dysphagia was assessed at baseline and after induction chemotherapy. Updated results as of March 2014 are presented. Results: Of the 60 evaluable patients enrolled, 54 completed induction therapy and underwent surgery. Of these 54 patients, 44 patients experienced complete resolution of dysphagia, while 10 patients had persistent symptoms. PD was associated with worse distant metastatic control [HR 3.48 (1.43 – 8.43), p = 0.006], recurrence free survival [HR 3.04 (1.34 – 6.92), p = 0.008], and overall survival [HR 3.31 (1.43 – 7.66), p = 0.005]. PD was associated with more advanced pathologic T-descriptor (pT) (p = 0.048) and N-descriptor (pN) (p = 0.002), a greater median number of involved lymph nodes (3 v 1, p = 0.003), and greater residual tumor viability (p = 0.05). No patients with PD had pT0-T2 or pN0 disease. Of the 9 patients with pN3 disease, 5 (56%) had PD. Conclusions: PD after induction chemotherapy is associated with more advanced pathologic stage and inferior outcomes. These patients may require alternative treatment strategies. Clinical trial information: NCT00601705.
THE FUTURE OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The other Super Bowl question— Can the NFL police its drug policy?
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ELECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Behavioral Assessment of Visual Toxicity
Authors: Hugh L. Evans
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

A wide variety of behavioral methods has been employed with animals to assess visual changes induced by drugs or toxicants. The methods range from simple to complex, from broad screening devices to narrowly focused techniques. Their relative advantages for the environmental toxicologist are discussed. Manipulation of stimulus values is an essential ingredient in the identification of specific sensory functions. The percentage of correct choices from a discrete-trial, multiple-choice discrimination procedure is to be preferred to measures of response rate, speed or reaction time when experiments require answers about specific visual functions.
Multicenter study evaluates 'tight control' in diabetes
Authors: T. Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Technological improvements in the past few years have made strict metabolic control a real possibility for patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes. The question now is whether benefits of intensive insulin treatment through infusion pumps or multiple injections outweigh the considerable time, effort, and risks involved. The ongoing multicenter Diabetes Control and Complication Trial is trying to answer that question. Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, the long-term study began in April 1983. Investigators are trying to determine whether maintaining the blood glucose level as close to normal as possible ("tight control") in a patient with diabetes will help prevent the often-progressive retinal and renal complications of diabetes. <h3>Testing an Assumption</h3> The crux of the problem lies in determining whether abnormal blood glucose levels are directly responsible for the complications. "The general assumption has always been that lower blood sugars prevent complications," says William Tamborlane, MD, associate professor of