tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity Among Adults With a Disability—United States, 2005
Journal: JAMA (2008)

The health benefits of physical activity have been well documented and are supported by recommendations from Healthy People 2010 (focus area 22); however, fewer than half of U.S. adults follow these recommendations. Physical inactivity is particularly prevalent among adults with a disability, who are at increased risk for functional limitations and secondary health conditions (e.g., obesity, depression, or social isolation) that can result from their disabilities, behavior, lifestyle, or environment. To estimate the state-specific prevalence of physical activity and physical inactivity among adults with and without a disability, CDC analyzed data from the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which determined that, compared with adults without a disability, a smaller proportion of adults with a disability met national recommendations for physical activity (37.7% versus 49.4%), and a greater proportion were physically inactive (25.6% versus 12.8%). Public health measures to promote and increase physical activity should include consideration for the needs of adults with disabilities.
Infections II
Authors: C. Guillaume, J. Godard, I. Mohammedi, J. M. Vedrinne, B. Bui-Xuan, M. E. Reverdy, J. Motin, M. Bonten, F. Van Tiel, C. Gaillard, E. Stobberingh, S. Van Der Geest, F. Faurisson, G. Peytavin, B. Allaouchiche, A. Torres, M. Ferrer, E. Aznar, J. M. Gatell, M. El-Biary, J. Puig, J. Gonzalez, R. Rodriguez-Roisin, P. Gratadour, N. Mardiquian, C. Di Roio, J. Godard, T. J. J. Inglis, M. J. Sherratt, L. J. Sproat, J. S. Gibson, P. M. Hawkey, J. M. Sirvent, R. Verdaguer, M. J. Ferrer, J. Carratalá, J. Armengol, A. Bonet, S. Nouira, S. Elatrous, A. Bchir, M. Jaafoura, F. Abroug, S. Bouchoucha, L. Holzapfel, Cl. Chastang, P. L. Blanc, M. J. Carton, A. Legras, P. Schoch, G. Moret, R. Boiteau, J. F. Timsit, V. Garrait, B. Misset, F. W. Goldstein, M. F. Dumay, J. Carlet, G. Seller, J. M. Sánchez Nieto, A. Carrillo, J. A. Gómez Rubí, C. Climent, J. Ruiz Gómez, J. Sola, F. W. G. Ph. Vaury, S. Francoual, Ch. -H. Marquette, F. Hérengt, F. Saulnier, D. Mathieu, R. Nevierre, R. Courcol, Ph. Ramon, G. Meunier, P. Gaussorgues, J. M. Sab, A. Nageotte, P. Doré, R. Robert, G. Grollier, J. Rouffineau, H. Lanquetot, J. M. Charrière, B. H. P. Elsman, D. A. Legemate, M. S. van Leeuwen, M. A. H. Feldberg, H. Obertop, P. Carducci, M. G. Annetta, V. Mignani, C. Rumi, A. Clemente, K. Wrenger, J. Baier, B. Mortion, E. Torwesten, W. Finke, H. Neumann, C. Puchstein, M. Nys, P. Damas, R. Kleinschmidt, C. Wolf, H. Möller, N. Spannbrucker, C. Madl, R. Koppensteiner, L. Kramer, A. Kranz, K. Lenz, H. Ehringer, M. Antonelli, J. J. Lanore, G. M. Raponis, J. F. Dhainaut, P. Martino, G. Rosa, C. Mancinis, M. Segneri, R. R. D’Errico, A. Gaaparetto, G. Capellier, P. Balvay, A. Boillot, M. Tissot, E. Raccado, M. J. Dupont, F. Barale, J. A. H. Davidson, P. Zhang, S. J. Boom, A. Blyth, G. Ramsay, G. Ramsay, M. Sanchez, J. A. Cambronero, J. Lopez, E. Cerda, J. M. Rodriguez, J. Rubio, S. Rogero, A. Nunez Reiz, E. De La Fuente O’Connor, M. Daguerre Talou, M. Sánchez García, J. A. Cambronero Galache, S. Rogero Marin, A. Nuñez Reiz, B. Alvarez, F. Muñoz, F. Alvarez, M. J. Lopez, E. Maravi, F. Alvarez-Lerma, V. Tapia, G. Masdeu, S. Garrido, A. Vázquez-Sánchez, J. Nolla, J. F. Solsona, E. Gallet, P. Le Cacheux, A. Beck, B. Her, X. Lecoutour, P. Charbonneau
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Thoracic deformity and flail chest in renal osteodystrophy
Authors: S. Muspratt
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THE EARLIEST accounts of childhood rickets describe thoracic deformities and mention respiratory difficulty in severe cases.<sup>1</sup>A more specific description of the respiratory consequences appears in an early edition of Cecil's<sup>2</sup>text: Thoracic deformities... functional embarrassment which attends severe rickets may actually endanger life. The thoracic cage instead of expanding with each downward excursion of the diaphragm may actually become more constricted;... respiration is rapid and difficult and a relatively mild infection may have a fatal termination. A similar thread runs through the literature of renal osteodystrophy. In the first report of the association of rachitic deformity with renal disease, Lucas<sup>3</sup>tentatively includes curvature of the spine and pigeon chest in the syndrome. Further definition of the entity by Barber<sup>4</sup>dwells on growth retardation, renal dwarfism, and the few photographs accompanying his earlier case reports show, at the most, mild pigeon chest and thoracic margin sulcus.
Autosomal genomewide linkage scan for coronary artery calcification loci.
Authors: Leslie A Lange, Ethan M Lange, Lawrence F Bielak, Carl D Langefeld, Sharon L Kardia, Steve T Turner, Patrick F Sheedy, Eric Boerwinkle, Patricia A Peyser
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P10 Coronary artery calcification (CAC), quantified by electron beam computed tomography, provides a measure of extent of coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. It is well recognized that coronary artery disease and CAC are complex processes that are influenced by many genetic and environmental factors. Several aspects of CAC quantity make genetic studies of it particularly challenging. These include the non-normality of CAC frequency distributions and the strong age- and sex-dependence of CAC levels. To search for regions that may contain genes influencing CAC quantity, a genome-wide scan was conducted on a sample enriched for hypertension from the Epidemiology of Coronary Artery Calcification Study. The genome-wide linkage scan was based on 370 anonymous markers spanning the 22 autosomal chromosomes in 29 families. The analysis sample consisted of 20 affected sib-pairs, 8 affected sib-trios and 1 family with 6 affected siblings. Here, affection status was defined as being above the 70th sex- and age-specific percentile based on a reference population. Mode-of-inheritance-free qualitative linkage analysis was used to analyze sib-pair data. Maximum multipoint lod scores were calculated using the computer software Genehunter-2. Weighted analyses were conducted using Holmans “possible triangle” constraint. The overall maximum lod scores were observed on chromosomes 6 (lod=2.22) and 10 (lod=3.24). Additional lod scores greater than 1.0 were observed on chromosomes 2, 14, 15 and 17. These results identify regions that may harbor genes involved in high sex- and age-specific levels of CAC (supported by HL46292).
Deleted Footnote and Revised Footnote List in Table
Authors: Ellis Voerman, Vincent Jaddoe, Romy Gaillard
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Bodnar and colleagues further call for reporting absolute risk measures instead of relative risk measures to facilitate interpretation by clinicians and participants.Absolute risk reductions were reported in eTable 9. We agree these risks reductions were relatively small.Any method to define optimal weight gain ranges requires a definition of optimal, which is likely to be arbitrary and subjective.Depending on the definition of clinical relevance, restricting the ranges to stronger protective effects would have resulted in narrower ranges, or might even have failed to identify any optimal gestational weight gain range.The latter would support our conclusion that gestational weight gain is of limited importance with respect to maternal and infant adverse outcomes compared with maternal prepregnancy body mass index.
Abstract MP67: The Association Between Habitual Dietary Sodium and Soluble Cell Adhesion Molecules Among Middle-Aged Male Twins
Authors: Silvia C Eufinger, Jack Goldberg, Thomas R Ziegler, William M McClellan, Amita K Manatunga, Viola Vaccarino
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Habitual dietary sodium intake is associated with coronary flow reserve, a measure of microvascular function. We investigated the role of habitual dietary sodium in the expression of soluble cell adhesion molecules; these molecules are markers of endothelial dysfunction that are thought to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: Habitual dietary sodium is directly associated with soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) concentration. Methods: We recruited 475 predominantly healthy middle-aged male twins, including 214 monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and 47 unpaired twins, from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. The twins had no previous history of coronary heart disease. Food intake was assessed using the Willett food-frequency questionnaire. We estimated habitual daily sodium consumption over the previous year from reported food intake. We measured sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 concentration in blood using commercially available ELISA kits. We also obtained information on demographic characteristics and traditional CVD risk factors, including blood pressure. Mixed-effect regression analysis was used to examine individual-level effects and robust regression analysis was used to examine within-pair differences. Results: The twins’ mean age was 53.4 years (SD = 3.1), and 96% (455 out of 475) were white. An increase in dietary sodium of 1,000 mg/d was associated with a 12.2% higher sVCAM-1 concentration (95% CI: 3.1, 21.2; P = 0.009) after adjustment for total energy intake, various nutritional factors, demographic characteristics, and traditional CVD risk factors. For sICAM-1, the adjusted individual-level effect was only 3.1% and did not achieve statistical significance ( P = 0.39). Across quintiles of sodium consumption, sVCAM-1 concentration was directly associated with dietary sodium ( P for trend = 0.002) with the top quintile (sodium &gt;1,505 mg/d) having a 22.9% higher sVCAM-1 concentration than the bottom quintile (sodium &lt;742 mg/d) after controlling for potential confounders. This association persisted within twin pairs ( P = 0.03), yet differed by zygosity ( P interaction = 0.01). Among dizygotic pairs, a 1,000 mg/d within-pair difference in dietary sodium was associated with a 17.3% higher sVCAM-1 concentration in the twin with higher dietary sodium than in the co-twin with lower dietary sodium ( P = 0.005) after adjustment for potential confounders. Among monozygotic pairs, however, the within-pair difference was only 5.0% per 1,000 mg/d of sodium intake and did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.25). Conclusions: Habitual dietary sodium is directly associated with sVCAM-1 concentration, a marker of abnormal endothelial function, independent of traditional CVD risk factors. However, shared genetic factors may mediate this association.
FAVISM
Authors: Salvatore J. Parlato
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The paper on favism by McCrae and Ullery (The Journal, October 28, p. 1389) interested me greatly. The authors are to be congratulated for their splendid report of their case of hypersensitiveness apparently to the fave bean itself. My interest in this bean dates back to 1924, 1925 and 1926, during which time I studied and proved clinically and immunologically that the asthma and hay fever of a patient whose symptoms occurred during the spring months were caused by the inhalation of the pollen of the fave bean. It was my feeling that "although this observation was new and original, it was withheld from our journals because it was thought that an isolated case, such as this one, would not prove interesting or important to the American allergists, especially in view of the commonly accepted theory that the pollen of cultivated plants like beans do not cause
Playing It Cool in Stroke Research
Authors: M. Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Table of contents
Authors: Didier Bessis, Bernard Guillot, Eric Legouffe, Jean-Jacques Guilhou, Mary Petrick, Pearl Kwong, Florida B-Lactam Antibiotic-Induced Pseudoporphyria S80, Thuy Phung, Clare Pipkin, Steven Tahan, Diane Chiu, Takuro Kanekura, Akira Gushi, Masahiro Iwata, Seita Fukumaru, Ryoko Sakamoto, Koichi Kawahara, Ikuro Maruyama, Tamotsu Kanzaki, Iris Zalaudek, Bernd Leinweber, H Soyer, Gianluca Petrillo, Sergio Brongo, Giuseppe Argenziano, B Richert, J Andre, A Choffray, S Rahier, M De La Brassinne, Ching-I Lu, Chih-Hsun Yang, Hong-Shang Hong
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)
Bacterial Shock
Authors: Herbert Shubin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE MAJORITY of cases of bacterial shock are caused by Gram-negative enteric bacilli.<sup>1-4</sup>These include<i>Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter</i>spp,<i>Proteus, Pseudomonas, Serratia marcescens</i>, and, less frequently,<i>Bacteroides, Mima, Herellea</i>, and<i>Salmonella</i>. In a minority of cases, bacterial shock appears as a complication during bacteremia due to Gram-positive cocci, or systemic infection by meningococci,<i>Clostridia</i>, viruses,<i>Rickettsia</i>, and fungi. Bacteremia is rarely complicated by shock in persons under the age of 40, except in women during pregnancy and in neonates. If patients with septic abortion are excluded, bacterial shock is more frequent in men than in women. This reflects the higher incidence of urinary tract infections in older men. Diabetes, chronic liver disease, and blood dyscrasias predispose to bacteremia and shock. In the majority of patients, bacteremia with shock is precipitated by a manipulative procedure, such as insertion of a catheter into the urinary bladder, surgery on the
NCCN Guidelines Raise Standards for Cancer Care Worldwide by Exceeding 10 Million Downloads in 2018 — Up 26% Over 2017
Authors: Timothy Eberlein, Anne Olin
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2019)

NCCN announced that the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) were downloaded more than 10 million times in 2018; marking a 26% increase over 2017.NCCN Guidelines provide up-to-date recommendations for healthcare providers on how best to treat and manage the cancers responsible for at least 97% of all cancer diagnoses.The recommendations are determined by multidisciplinary panels of cancer type-specific experts from the 28 leading academic cancer centers that comprise NCCN.NCCN Guidelines are available for anyone to download for free at NCCN.org or by mobile app."Having your cancer treated according to NCCN Guidelines is like getting a second opinion from approximately 30 of the world's top experts on your particular cancer type," said
Sound science in the implementation of public policy. A case report on California's Proposition 65
Authors: K. W. Kizer
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THROUGHOUT the past several decades, and especially in recent years, science has played an increasingly important role in the development and implementation of public policy. The primary reasons for this are (1) the numerous, often dramatic, technological developments that have markedly transformed modern American society and (2) the need for scientific evaluations to aid in the understanding of the ramifications of such technologies. As future technological advances are made we can expect that the role of science in the formulation of public policy—especially in the areas of public health, health care services, and environmental issues—will become even more important. The marriage of science and public policy has not always been a perfect union. California's Proposition 65, officially known as The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986, brought with it the potential for problems in this regard. The implementation of Proposition 65 has enabled solutions to those same
Metallothionein: Structure/Antigenicity and Detection/Quantitation in Normal Physiological Fluids
Authors: Justine S. Garvey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Recent experiments in the application of radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the detection and quantitation of metallothionein (MT) in human sera and urines demonstrate that it is possible to extend the lower limit of practical quantitation from the previous limit of 50-100 pg to 1 pg.RIA of normal sera indicates that the typical range of concentrations of MT is from less than 0.01 ng/mL to about 1 ng/mL, and that concentrations above 2 ng/mL should be considered abnormal. The typical range for normal urines is from less than 1 ng/mL to 10 ng/mL; concentrations above 10 ng/mL should be considered abnormal. A complementary assay, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is under development. The ELISA is a competitive binding assay, detection and quantitation of MT being either by colorimetric or fluorimetric methods. The present useful range for MT quantitation in the ELISA is from about 50-50000 pg (fluorimetric) or 500-5000 pg (colorimetric). Recent experiments using the RIA have identified the principal antigenic determinants of vertebrate MTs as involving the immediate amino terminal residues (-MDPNC-) and the segment including residues 20-25 (-KCKECK- in human MT). Theoretical predictions of secondary structure based on hydrophilicity and sequence analysis indicate that the conformational profile is dominated by tetrapeptide candidates for beta turns (reverse turns) with 2-3 hexapeptide sequences being candidates for helical conformation and 4-5 short sequences (3-5 residues) being candidates for beta chain conformation. The helical candidates are predicted to be unstable and the analysis favors reverse turns for both determinants of vertebrate MT and a sequestered location for the joining region between clusters A and B.
MODERN EDUCATIONAL TRENDS AND MEDICINE
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Parenteral nutrition
Authors: R. G. Clark, S.S. Bleehen, I. R. Edwards
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Parenteral nutrition Get access R. G. Clark, R. G. Clark University Surgical Division and Academic Division of Medicine, University of Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.S. Bleehen, S.S. Bleehen University Surgical Division and Academic Division of Medicine, University of Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. R. Edwards I. R. Edwards University Surgical Division and Academic Division of Medicine, University of Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 6, 1 December 1974, Pages 719–722, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb12467.x Published: 01 December 1974
It is difficult to apply a moral rule for strangers to family obligations
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Vaccines may have non-specific effects in developing countriesAlthough studies have found that vaccination against measles may have a non-specific beneficial effect in developing countries, the effect of other routine immunisations has not been assessed.On p 1435 Kristensen et al examined the mortality in vaccinated and unvaccinated children in rural Guinea-Bissau.Both BCG and measles vaccines were associated with reductions in mortality that could not be explained by the prevention of measles or tuberculosis.Polio and diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines were associated with higher mortality.Since different vaccines were associated with opposite tendencies, selection biases are unlikely to explain these associations fully.The authors conclude that non-specific effects may occur with many routine vaccinations in areas with high mortality and should be considered when planning immunisation programmes.