tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lack of circumcision increases the risk of urinary tract infection in young men
Authors: D. H. Spach
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether lack of circumcision increases the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) in adult men. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —Retrospective case-control study (1987-1990) at a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Seattle, Wash. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Twenty-six men (median age, 30 years) who had microbiologically confirmed symptomatic UTIs (cases) compared with 52 men (median age, 32 years) who had urinary symptoms but negative urine cultures (controls). <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Circumcision status among bacteriuric and nonbacteriuric men. <h3>Results.</h3> —The bacteriuric and nonbacteriuric groups were similar in age, race, sexual activity, and sexual preference. Eight (31%) of the 26 bacteriuric men were uncircumcised compared with 6 (12%) of the 52 nonbacteriuric men (<i>P</i>=.037; odds ratio, 3.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 11.2). Among 19 patients infected with gram-negative bacilli, 8 (42%) of 19 were uncircumcised vs 6 (12%) of 52 nonbacteriuric men (<i>P</i>=.004; odds ratio, 5.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 19.4).<i>Escherichia coli</i>was the most common urinary isolate (15 of 26 isolates), and the majority of<i>E coli</i>strains possessed urovirulence determinants, including mannoseresistant hemagglutination (10 of 14 isolates), F fimbriae (11 of 14 isolates), P fimbriae (6 of 14 isolates), hemolysin (10 of 14 isolates), and aerobactin (8 of 14 isolates). Although all 26 bacteriuric men had urethral cultures negative for<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>and<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>, Gram-stained urethral smears showed evidence of urethritis in 17 (68%) of 25 men. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —(1) Lack of circumcision increases the risk of UTI in young adult men. (2) The majority of these infections result from urovirulent strains of<i>E coli.</i>(3) Clinically, these infections often produce urethritis as well as UTI. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:679-681)
The Public and the Doctor.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Veins
Authors: Catherine Thaler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Ad Libitum20 February 2001VeinsCatherine ThalerCatherine ThalerWilsonville, OR 97070 (Thaler)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-4-200102200-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Sometimes the healthy ones slip away,quick blue snakes from the needle's tipeven as my fingers pressinto the vessel's supple give.When the addicts come in,veins roped with scar, they tell mewhere the best places are,offer to stick themselves.The hardest ones have cancer of the blood.“It's the vampire,” Dorothy whispers again today,and I smile again, unwrapping the syringe,attach a needle, its bore an eyelash width.I knot the tubing on her mottled arm.A metal locker open by the bedholds her flowered robe, her walking shoes.She doesn't wince. There's no burstup the tube. But ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Catherine ThalerAffiliations: Wilsonville, OR 97070 (Thaler)Corresponding Author:Catherine Thaler, 8095 SW Edgewater West, Wilsonville, OR 97070. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 4 Page: 341 Keywords Addicts Blood Bone Falls Scars Veins Walking ePublished: 20 February 2001 Issue Published: 20 February 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Phase I-II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) and nedaplatin (254-S) with recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor support in patients with advanced and recurrent cervical cancer
Authors: H. Tsuda, Y. Hashiguchi, S. Nishimura, M. Miyama, S. Nakata, S. Negoro, N. Kawamura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5065 Background: Combination chemotherapy (CT) with CPT-11 and platinum compounds is effective for cervical cancer. 254-S is a new cisplatin analogue that achieves a high response rate (53%) for primary cervical cancer (CC). We performed a phase I-II study of combination CT with CPT-11 and 254-S for advanced or recurrent CC. Methods: Inclusion criteria were stage IV or recurrent disease, bidimensionaly measurarable lesions, PS 0–2, age<75 years, and adequate hematologic, renal, and liver functions. Primary endpoints were toxicity and the response rate. Twenty seven patients (IV=7, recurrence=20) were enrolled with a median age of 54 (32–67) years. CPT-11 and 254-S were administered intravenously on day 1 and rhG-CSF (50μg) was given on days 3–12. This treatment was repeated every 4 weeks for a total of two cycles. Dose escalation was done in tandem. DLTs were defined as G4 hematologic toxicity (HT) or G3 nonhematologic toxicity (NHT). The MTD was reached when the incidence of DLTs exceeded 33.3%. Results: G4 HT occurred in 33%, but there was no G3 NHT. The MTD of CPT-11/254-S were 60/80 mg/m2 and the RD was 50/80 mg/m2 for a phase II study. Response rate (RR) of 68% (95%CI: 49–84%) in phase II study. In 19 patients with disease outside radiation fields and 3 patients with disease inside radiation fields, the RRs were 74% (95%CI: 52–89%) and 33% (95%CI: 10–90%). In 12 responders with recurrent disease, the median time to progression was 161 days (59–711 days). Conclusions: The RD of CPT-11/254-S with rhG-CSF was 50/80 mg/m2, respectively. This is promising for CC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Health Bills Pending in Congress
Authors: Franz Goldmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

IN ADDITION to the National Health Bill, many other proposals are pending in Congress. They deal with construction of essential medical-care facilities, organization of health-service programs and promotion of medical research and professional education. Some of these measures are complementary to the National Health Bill, and some are alternatives to it.Hospital Survey and Construction Bill Description The Hill-Burton Bill, or Hospital Survey and Construction Bill (S. 191), is designed to assist the states in surveying their needs for construction of necessary hospitals, developing programs to meet existing needs and building public and other nonprofit hospitals in accordance with such . . .
OBJECTIONABLE MEDICAL ADVERTISEMENTS TO BE EXCLUDED FROM THE MAILS.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
Authors: M D Lockshin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>CASE PRESENTATION</h3> At the age of 15 years, 4 years before consultation, a white woman had a sudden onset of right hemiplegia. High-titer immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antiphospholipid antibody and lupus anticoagulant were found, and prednisone, 60 mg/d, and aspirin, 325 mg/d, were prescribed. Prednisone was discontinued after 1 year. At the age of 18 years, mild proteinuria, arthralgia, and chorea developed, and after magnetic resonance imaging, were attributed to a new stroke. The patient became pregnant for the first time at the age of 19 years and developed urinary protein (2 g/d) without hypertension at 14 weeks. Prednisone, aspirin, and heparin were administered, but because of a rise of blood pressure to 160/ 90 mm Hg, an increase in urinary protein to 10 g/d, and vaginal bleeding, a cesarean section was performed at 28 weeks and a boy weighing 680 g was delivered. While taking heparin
Epidemiological trends of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Italy. On behalf of the ITA. LI.CA study group
Authors: Fabio Farinati, Alessandro Vitale, Alessio Ortolani, Luca Miele, Rafael Ramirez Morales, Franco Trevisani, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Diagnosis of diseases of the pancreas and biliary tract. Evaluation of pancreozymin-secretin test
Authors: W. Y. Chey
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The pancreozymin-secretin test was performed on 73 patients with chronic pancreatitis and on 34 with cancer of the pancreas. Duodenal contents were abnormal in 88% of the patients with chronic pancreatitis and in 94% with cancer of the pancreas. The most common abnormality among volume, concentration of bicarbonate, and amylase output of the duodenal contents was low amylase output. The present study strongly suggests that the addition of pancreozymin to the secretin test can detect a diminished enzyme secretory capacity of the pancreas better than can secretin alone. This test can also aid in the diagnosis of diseases of the biliary tract and in differentiating obstructive jaundice by observing changes in bile response of the duodenal contents and by microscopic examination of bile sediment.
Transactions of the American Surgical Association, Vol. ix.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Talc and Condoms
Authors: Candace Sue Kasper
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —After reviewing the Letter to the Editor by Drs Kasper and Chandler,<sup>1</sup>we wish to bring your attention to the fact that no talc products have been used in the manufacturing of Kimono and Sagami lubricated condoms (Sagami, Japan). On January 13, 1995, Mayer Laboratories Inc informed Kasper and Chandler of this fact. However, they apparently did not incorporate this information in the material submitted to<i>JAMA</i>. Mayer Laboratories Inc is the principal US distributor of Kimono and other condoms manufactured by Sagami. We support all efforts to eliminate the use of talc in the manufacturing of latex condoms because there may be pathologic consequences from exposure to talc.
ORIGIN OF THE BLOOD PROTEINS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lobectomy mortality is a poor measure of surgical performance
Journal: BMJ (2003)

able to make true informed choices, support and funding for routine mammography will continue to be questioned. Evidence based interventions can prevent fractures in elderly peopleFractures among elderly people represent an important and preventable public health problem.In a clinical review on the topic, Woolf and Akesson (p 89) state that prevention of fractures involves reducing falls, minimising the morbidity associated with falls, and maximising bone strength at all ages.Pharmacological treatment is most cost effective for people at high risk: women, people over 75 years old, and elderly patients with osteoporosis or previous falls.Frailty and comorbidity are also associated with risk of fractures.The authors outline a selective case finding approach to help clinicians recognise and treat elderly patients at risk.
Scientific Basis for the Study of Demineralization of Highly Mineralized Water for Use in Public Water Supply Systems
Authors: G. I. Sidorenko, Yu. A. Rakhmanin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

New criteria (full physiological value and preservation of the properties of drinking water) are scientifically substantiated. Also discussed are indices (minimal admissible and optimal levels of basic water mineralization and calcium content, standards of microelements such as boron and bromine content, content of individual groups of microorganisms, water temperature) for evaluating the quality of demineralized water obtained from brackish and briny water (including water from the sea and ocean) by various methods which are designed for public water supply systems. Research results served as the scientific hygiene basis for the development of a new technology of obtaining drinking water. The necessity for developing a special quality standard for demineralized drinking water is shown.
Principles of Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Docosahexanoeic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in the aetiology of crohn's disease: data from a european prospective cohort study (EPIC)
Authors: S. S. M. Chan
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are both n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids which possess anti-inflammatory properties, including biological effects on genetic expression, immune cell function and the production of inflammatory eicosonoids. The aim of this investigation was to conduct the first prospective cohort study to determine if low dietary intakes of these nutrients were associated with the development of incident Crohn9s disease. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 229 702 healthy participants aged 30–74 years of age were recruited in a prospective cohort study (EPIC – European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer) who were resident in either: Sweden, Denmark, The Netherlands, Germany or The UK. At baseline, participants completed food frequency questionnaires from which their intakes of both DHA and EPA was determined. The cohort was followed up between 1992 and 2004 to identify those who developed Crohn9s disease, with each diagnosis medically confirmed by a review of the medical notes. Each case was matched with four controls for gender, age at recruitment and centre and the analysis performed using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for smoking and total energy intake. <h3>Results</h3> In the cohort, 84 participants developed incident Crohn9s disease (64% women) at a mean age of 59.8 years (SD=9.8 years). The four higher quintiles of DHA intake were all negatively associated with the development of Crohn9s disease, with odds ratios of similar magnitudes, with two reaching borderline statistical significance (OR=0.47 95% CI=0.20 to 1.10, p=0.08 for 3<sup>rd</sup> highest vs lowest quintile). There was threshold effect for DHA with a summation of the four higher quintiles, compared to the lowest quintile (daily intake of &gt;0.07 g/day, showing a negative association (0R=0.50, 95% CI=0.25 to 1.02, p=0.06). There were no associations with dietary EPA intake (Trend HR=0.93, 95% CI=0.74 to 1.17, p=0.53). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The data suggest a potential protective effect for a threshold level of dietary DHA in the aetiology of Crohn9s disease, although longer follow-up time is required to accrue more cases and precisely define the effect size. DHA should be measured in future aetiological studies of this disease and could be assessed as a dietary treatment in clinical trials of patients.
Chlormethiazole inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 as assessed by chlorzoxazone hydroxylation in humans
Authors: A Gebhardt
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Chlormethiazole is a sedative and anticonvulsive drug used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Because it had been reported that chlormethiazole inhibits the alcohol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1 in rat liver, we investigated the in vivo and in vitro effect of this drug on cytochrome P450 2E1 in human beings. The activity of this cytochrome was assessed using chlorzoxazone as a probe. The 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone- chlorzoxazone blood concentration ratio, reflecting the cytochrome P450 2E1 activity, was determined in 10 controls and in 24 alcoholic patients who had entered a hospital for detoxification. Alcoholic patients were administered either chlormethiazole (1.3-2.3 g/d) or chlorazepate (100-300 mg/d) as a sedative. Cytochrome P450 2E1 activity was significantly increased in alcoholic patients treated with chlorazepate (1.16 ± 0.40 vs. 0.27 ± 0.03, P < .05). In contrast, chlormethiazole treatment inhibited chlorzoxazone hydroxylation almost totally (0.046 ± 0.03, P < .001). After 7-14 days of ethanol withdrawal, alcoholic patients treated with chlorazepate had ratio values similar to those of controls (0.31 ± 0.05), whereas values from alcoholic patients treated with chlormethiazole remained low (0.049 ± 0.01) even though chlormethiazole doses were gradually decreased. Pharmacokinetic studies in controls showed that chlormethiazole-mediated inhibition was present even when chlormethiazole was not detectable in the blood. In addition, the effect of chlormethiazole on cytochrome P450 2E1 was studied in vitro using human liver microsomes. Dixon plot analyses showed a noncompetitive inhibition (Ki = 12 µmol/L). These data clearly show that chlormethiazole is an efficient inhibitor of chlorzoxazone metabolism and thus of cytochrome P450 2E1 activity in human beings. Because cytochrome P450 2E1 induction after chronic ethanol consumption has detrimental effects on the liver through free radical formation, treatment of alcohol detoxification with chlormethiazole may be beneficial.
Use and Interpretation of Diagnostic Immunologic Laboratory Tests
Authors: Manuel Lopez
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ANTIBODIES are synthesized and secreted primarily by plasma cells, the progeny of B lymphocytes. Since many different clones of B cells participate in the immune response to a single antigen, this is referred to as a<i>polyclonal response</i>that generates heterogeneous antibodies with respect to their antigen-binding structure and function. Proteins that have antibody activity migrate electrophoretically as γ-globulins but consist of different immunoglobulin (Ig) classes (ie, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE). All Igs are composed of two polypeptide chains of different molecular size, the heavy and light chains. The heavy chains (γ, α, μ, δ, and ε) determine the class of the Ig molecule; for example, an IgG molecule has γ heavy chains. There are only two different light chains, κ and λ, and these are found in all five Ig classes. A monomeric Ig molecule consists of two identical heavy and two identical light chains. These polypeptide