tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2554: Branched chain amino acid transaminase 1 in claudin-low breast cancer
Authors: Lisa C. Reynen, Robert Jones, Roger Moorehead
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Breast cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, can be classified into five distinct subtypes. One subtype, claudin-low breast cancer, accounts for approximately 7% of the breast cancer cases and these tumors are aggressive and highly metastatic. RNA sequencing of human claudin-low breast cancers by other groups and RNA sequencing of a murine claudin-low mammary tumor cell line by our group has revealed that Bcat1 is significantly up-regulated in this breast cancer subtype. Bcat1 regulates the metabolism of branched chain amino acids and has been linked to numerous pathologies including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Based on this data we hypothesized that the expression of Bcat1 in claudin-low mammary tumors is driving the aggressive and metastatic nature of this cancer subtype and disrupting Bcat1 will deter these features. Elevated expression of Bcat1 in the murine claudin-low cell line RJ423, compared to the murine luminal mammary tumor cell line RJ345, has been confirmed at the mRNA and protein level. Bcat1 has been transiently down-regulated ~70% in RJ423 cells using siRNA and this suppression of Bcat1, contrary to the anticipated result, showed no effect on proliferation based on phospho-histone H3 immunofluorescence. However, when the cell population doubling time was investigated, a significant difference was seen between the RJ423 cell line and the cell lines with suppressed Bcat1 expression. To elucidate these contradicting results, cell cycle analysis using Bromodeoxyuridine and 7-AAD through flow cytometry is currently underway. RJ423 stably expressing Bcat1 shRNA and RJ345 stably expressing a Bcat1 expression vector are currently being selected. Further in vitro and in vivo studies will utilize these stably transfected cell lines. This study will determine whether further investigation into the effects of Bcat1 on claudin-low human breast cancer is prudent and if Bcat1 may be used as a therapeutic target. Citation Format: Lisa C. Reynen, Robert Jones, Roger Moorehead. Branched chain amino acid transaminase 1 in claudin-low breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2554.
Concealed Conduction
Authors: BRIAN F. HOFFMAN, PAUL F. CRANEFIELD, JACKSON H. STUCKEY
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The existence of concealed conduction of atrial beats has been demonstrated. Concealed conduction within the atrioventricular node has been studied by recording the transmembrane potential of single nodal fibers. Conduction block in this part of the specialized conducting system depends more upon decremental conduction within certain nodal fibers than upon differences in action-potential duration. Also, the extreme delay of activation that results from such decremental conduction explains certain changes in atrioventricular delay associated with premature atrial beats as well as a prolonged refractoriness of atrioventricular transmission after concealed nodal conduction of an atrial extrasystole. In the in situ dog heart, local bipolar electrograms recorded from various parts of the bundle of His, bundle branches, and peripheral Purkinje fibers have shown that con cealed conduction may extend through the atrioventricular node and the bundle of His and that block may occur between common bundle and bundle branches or between the latter and the peripheral Purkinje fiber. Block in these locations, which results from local differences in the action-potential duration, has been compared to decremental conduction within the atrioventricular node.
Synthetic vascular graft trials start; endothelialization seen as possible
Authors: J. W. Zylke
Journal: JAMA (1990)

ALTHOUGH THE recent Nobel prizes in medicine attest to the possibility, it still remains tough to fool Mother Nature. Artificial hearts, kidneys, and joints can't compare with the tissues they replace. But some vascular surgeons are trying a new disguise for that simplest of artificial organs, the synthetic vascular graft, in hopes of deceiving the lady to the patient's advantage. Of the approximately 180 000 vascular grafts placed in the extremities each year, one quarter fail, especially the small-caliber, low-flow conduits. Most of these grafts thrombose. Native blood vessels normally do not clot because of their antithrombotic endothelial cell lining. To decrease the thrombogenicity of a vascular graft, then, it would seem logical to cover it with endothelial cells. In humans, this does not happen spontaneously; endothelial cells only grow a short distance into the anastomotic ends of a prosthetic vessel. Lining vascular grafts with endothelial cells became more than
index to advertisers
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AMA Insights
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cocoa for Cardiac Patients
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NETHERLANDS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anesthesiology, Philadelphia
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Anastomotic leakage.
Journal: BMJ (1974)

the intake of pyridoxine.Patients previously unable to tolerate levodopa because of nausea and vomiting can achieve adequate dosage with the combination, though in other dopa-tolerant patients the optimum response to combined treatment is no greater than to dopa alone.The central side effects of dopa are not altered by combined therapy, and dose-limiting involuntary movements occur at the same plasma dopa levels, the incidence of neuropsychiatric disorders is similar, and possibly there may be problems with the on-off effect earlier in the course of combined treatment.This effect is the abrupt onset of akinesia followed by the equally sudden return of the therapeutic response to levodopa; it may occur in up to 50%0 of patients after several years of treatment on levodopa alone.At present only a single fixed ratio of dopa to decarboxylase inhibitor is available, and patients who take a low dopa dosage may not gain any advantages from the combination.Tablets containing 10, 50, and 100 mg of levodopa with a fixed dosage of 25 mg carbidopa should soon be available. 16Treatment of patients still requires considerable judgement by the physician in balancing the therapeutic and side effects of the different antiparkinsonian drugs, and unfortunately no treatment available at present halts the progression of Parkinson's disease.
The costs of doctoring, the distribution of physicians, and caring for the underinsured
Authors: Eric L. Book
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — As illustrated by Dr Hughes,<sup>1</sup>the different Canadian provinces have attempted to control health care costs by placing various restrictions on that part of the cost equation represented by physicians. However, as long as there is a failure to analyze carefully all of the diverse factors contributing to the process, it is unlikely that any of the solutions will be effective. Unfortunately, the Canadian physicians themselves have contributed to the development of these remedies with self-serving attitudes compounded by poor public relations. The Canadian health care experiment is a noble attempt to provide the highest quality medical care to 100% of the population at a reasonable price. Have they succeeded? Not necessarily. Could they have done better? Definitely! Canadian government bureaucrats have a vested interest in proving that the system, as it exists, provides outcomes that are at least as good, and possibly better, than
The Roles of ATF3, an Adaptive-Response Gene, in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetes and Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction
Authors: Erik J. Zmuda, Ling Qi, Michael X. Zhu, Raghavendra G. Mirmira, Marc R. Montminy, Tsonwin Hai
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Most people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have reduced β-cell mass, and apoptosis is a key factor for this reduction. Previously, we showed that ATF3, an adaptive-response gene, is induced by various stress signals relevant to T2D, such as high glucose and high fatty acid. Because ATF3 is proapoptotic in β-cells, we tested the hypothesis that ATF3 plays a detrimental role and contributes to the development of T2D. We compared wild-type (WT) and ATF3 knockout (KO) mice in an animal model for T2D, high-fat diet-induced diabetes. We also used INS-1 β-cells and primary islets to analyze the roles of ATF3 in β-cell function, including insulin gene expression and glucose-induced insulin secretion. Surprisingly, WT mice performed better in glucose tolerance test than KO mice, suggesting a protective, rather than detrimental, role of ATF3. At 12 wk on high-fat diet, no β-cell apoptosis was observed, and the WT and KO mice had comparable β-cell areas. However, ATF3 deficiency significantly reduced serum insulin levels in the KO mice without affecting insulin sensitivity, suggesting reduced β-cell function in the KO mice. Analyses using INS-1 cells and primary islets support the notion that this defect is due, at least partly, to reduced insulin gene transcription in the KO islets without detectable reduction in glucose-induced calcium influx, a critical step for insulin secretion. In conclusion, our results support a model in which, before apoptosis becomes obvious, expression of ATF3 can be beneficial by helping β-cells to cope with higher metabolic demand.
Theoretische Biologie vom Standpunkt der Irreversibilität des elementaren Lebensvorganges.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who are long-term responders (LTR) to the new agent (NA)-based second line: Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of subsequent treatment with another NA.
Authors: Orazio Caffo, Emilio Bria, Ugo De Giorgi, Marcello Tucci, Elisa Biasco, Lucia Fratino, Sabrina Rossetti, Roberto Iacovelli, Claudia Mucciarini, Paolo Andrea Zucali, Giovanni Vicario, Francesco Carrozza, Zuzana Sirotova, Caterina Messina, Placido Amadio, Antonio Maestri, Cosimo Sacco, Antonello Veccia, Isabella Sperduti, Vittorina Zagonel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

254 Background: Three NA [abiraterone acetate (AA), cabazitaxel (CABA), or enzalutamide (ENZ)] are able to significantly prolong their overall survival (OS) after docetaxel failure. A quote of pts can obtain a prolonged disease control over 12 months with a second line NA and it is unclear if a clinical benefit may result from a subsequent treatment with another NA. The present study is aimed to assess the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of subsequent NA treatment in those pts LTR to a second line NA. Methods: We collected data of pts who received sequentially two NAs after DOC. For each pt we recorded the clinical outcome of treatments received after DOC. We consider as LTR pts without progression over 12 months from the start of the NA second line. We assessed the independent prognostic value of a series of third-line baseline covariates, in terms of progression free survival (PFS) and OS by Cox regression analysis. Results: A consecutive series of 476 mCRPC pts received a NA-based second line: AA (261 pts), CABA (151), and ENZ (64): we identified 116 LTR pts (AA 71 – CABA 28 – ENZ 17). All pts received a subsequent NA-based third line: 27 received AA, 59 CABA, and 30 ENZ. Comparing the third-line outcomes of LTR and no-LTR pts , no statistically significant differences were observed in terms of both biochemical and objective response rate, and PFS, while LTR showed a statistically significant longer OS (median 18 vs 11.4 mos; p&lt; 0.0001). The third line OS was statistically significant different (p = 0.01) according to the sequence adopted (Table). At the multivariate analysis , performance status (PS) and the presence of visceral metastases were independent prognostic factors for PFS in third line, while PSA, PS and lactate dehydrogenase were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions: In our experience, NA-based third line is active also in mCRPC LTR population with highest benefit in sequences with CABA and some factors may help in selecting patients with higher probability of achieving a disease control. [Table: see text]
Diurnal variability of liver chemistries in chronic liver disease . Northwestern University and VA Lakeside Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography was performed in 22 patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma who presented with obstructive jaundice. Cholangiographic features included intraluminal filling defects within the major ducts causing complete or partial obstruction, involvement of the ductal system by tumour encasement resulting in a localised stricture or diffuse irregular strictures and dilatations, and displacement and stretching of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic ducts by tumour mass. Eight patients presented with more than one of these cholangiographic features. The observed cholangiographic features, though not specific for hepatocellular carcinoma, have provided an additional differential diagnosis in interpreting cholangiograms. The information obtained from cholangiography has also enabled selection of patients for surgery and allowed more accurate operative planning.
Unscientific cultism: "dangerous to your health"
Authors: R. L. Casterline
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Placards proclaiming "More than 100,000 Physicians Have Stopped Smoking" first appeared several years ago and "reruns" of that comment remain popular. Whether more than the<i>first</i>100,000 have stopped smoking, or even if some of them have resumed smoking, is not the point of this commentary. But it does seem reasonable to presume that the cigarette package "warning" of such an authoritarian figure as the Surgeon General would be heeded by a substantial number of physicians. And by an even greater number of others. The Surgeon General nominally heads the United States Public Health Service, a segment of the sprawling Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW), which has the facilities and staff to evaluate and report on almost any segment of American life. For example, in 1967 Congress requested that HEW conduct an independent unbiased study of chiropractic. The 1968 report of that study concluded: Chiropractic theory and practice
Rectal Bleeding
Authors: Frank G. Moody
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

BLOOD loss from the anus (rectal bleeding) is one of the more common manifestations of gastrointestinal disease, and a sign that nearly everyone observes during a lifetime. It may take the form of a massive exsanguinating hemorrhage, with all its attendant sequelae, or a slow leak of red cells from the gut, which can only be detected by chemical analysis. The implications of rectal bleeding are equally diverse, ranging from a nuisance stain on the undergarments to death from cardiovascular disturbances that accompany acute depletion of circulating blood volume. For the most part, however, blood loss from the rectum is . . .
Genetics
Authors: R. L. Teplitz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>Gene Construction and Modification</h3> As our understanding of genetics and molecular biology deepens, some central concepts have required modification. One of these, the doctrine of one gene—one polypeptide, must now be altered, at least from its simplest form. Hozumi and Tonegawa<sup>1</sup>have found that the gene loci for the constant and variable regions of the<i>k</i>light chain of the Ig molecule are separated in the genome (chromosome) of the embryo but are adjacent in the genome of the adult animal. The experiment first required that the DNA be fragmented by restriction enzyme digestion and the fragments separated according to molecular size by preparative agarose gel electrophoresis. The location of the variable and constant regions was achieved by hybridizing with iodine 125—labeled messenger RNA, prepared from a myeloma tissue culture line (MOPC 321) secreting the relevant light chain. The pattern of labeling obtained with embryonic DNA indicated that the
Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Arthur G. James
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Analysis was made of 130 cases of malignant melanoma which were seen in a medical center hospital in a 10-year period. Wide surgical removal of the primary lesion was advised when the lesion was distant from a regional node-bearing area, and a wide, local excision in continuity with a node dissection was advised for those lesions so situated that this procedure was feasible. Absolute survival rates were 42% for 3 years, 32% for 5 years, and 19% for 10 years. These endresult figures are not consistent with the teaching that melanoma is the most lethal cancer in man.