tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antioxidants plus corticosteroids in the treatment of severe acute alcoholic hepatitis: The question is still open: Reply
Authors: Stephen Stewart, Christopher P. Day
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

We would like to thank Nguyen-Khac et al. for their interest in our article [[1]Stewart S. Prince M. Bassendine M. Hudson M. James O. Jones D. et al.A randomized trial of antioxidant therapy alone or with corticosteroids in acute alcoholic hepatitis.J Hepatol. 2007; 47: 277-283Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (135) Google Scholar] and respond to their points. We would agree that there is in vitro evidence that would suggest that antioxidants (AO) should be of benefit in vivo. The result of the trial was disappointing. Though the numbers were small, we feel that there is little to suggest that patients benefit from AO at this stage of the disease. The referenced article by Phillips et al. shows the benefit of corticosteroids over antioxidants in those patients that were eligible for corticosteroids [[2]Phillips M. Curtis H. Portmann B. Donaldson N. Bomford A. O'Grady J. Antioxidants versus corticosteroids in the treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis – a randomised clinical trial.J Hepatol. 2006; 44: 784-790Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (161) Google Scholar]. It does not address the role of antioxidants in patients who cannot receive corticosteroids and it does not enlighten us as to whether antioxidants have a role in addition to corticosteroids. As suggested we were testing two hypotheses concomitantly in our study, but not the ones suggested in the letter; AO vs placebo in those ineligible for corticosteroids and AO + corticosteroids vs. corticosteroids in those eligible. At no point were we testing the hypothesis of AO vs. corticosteroids. This would have included two different groups of patients with different mortalities; those that were ineligible for corticosteroids but were randomized to AO and those that were eligible for corticosteroids but were randomized to placebo. We feel that our trial reflected the clinical situation where corticosteroids are given if possible. Bleeding or sepsis precluded this in 44% of our patients. This is not a surprising figure in our unit. Our trial was designed to pick up a 40% mortality reduction. While a smaller reduction in mortality would require larger numbers to detect, the Kaplan–Meier survival curves are almost superimposed. The authors suggest a further trial focussing only on patients eligible for corticosteroids and randomized to receive antioxidants or placebo. We found the 6-month mortality to be 5/18 (28%) in the steroid only group and 10/20 (50%) in the steroid and antioxidant group. Further, larger trials would of course help to clarify this lack of benefit, or perhaps show some advantage to AO treatment. We feel, however, that given the paucity of new studies in acute severe alcoholic hepatitis, and considering the mortality in a young population, that further efforts should focus on treatments more likely to have clinical benefit.
Relationships between Toxicopathic Hepatic Lesions and Exposure to Chemical Contaminants in English Sole (Pleuronectes vetulus), Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus), and White Croaker (Genyonemus lineatus) from Selected Marine Sites on the Pacific Coast, USA
Authors: Mark S. Myers, Carla M. Stehr, O. Paul Olson, Lyndal L. Johnson, Bruce B. McCain, Sin-Lam Chan, Usha Varanasi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Relationships between hepatic lesions and chemical contaminant concentrations in sediments, stomach contents, liver tissue, and bile were statistically evaluated in three species of bottomfish, English sole (Pleuronectes vetulus), starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), and white croaker (Genyonemus lineatus), captured from 27 urban and nonurban sites on the Pacific Coast from Alaska to southern California. Lesions detected were neoplasms, preneoplastic foci of cellular alteration, nonneoplastic proliferative lesions, unique or specific degenerative/necrotic lesions, nonspecific degenerative/necrotic lesions, and hydropic vacuolation of biliary epithelial cells and hepatocytes. In general, lesion prevalences were significantly higher in all three species captured at chemically contaminated urban sites, and certain lesions had significantly higher relative risks of occurrence at urban sites in Puget Sound, San Francisco Bay, the vicinity of Los Angeles, and San Diego Bay. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, DDT and its derivatives, and chlordanes and dieldrin in sediment, stomach contents, liver, and fluorescent aromatic compounds in bile were significant risk factors for the occurrence of neoplastic, preneoplastic, nonneoplastic proliferative, and specific degenerative/necrotic lesions, as well as hydropic vacuolation. Fish age also had a significant influence on occurrence of several hepatic lesions, but gender was rarely a significant risk factor. These relationships provide strong evidence for the involvement of environmental contaminants in the etiology of hepatic lesions in several marine bottomfish species and clearly indicate the utility of these lesions as biomarkers of contaminant-induced effects in wild fish.
Association News
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cyclophosphamide and vinblastine sulfate in Hodgkin's disease during pregnancy
Authors: M. J. Lacher
Journal: JAMA (1966)

IN PREGNANT PATIENTS with Hodgkin's disease it is occasionally necessary to use various chemotherapeutic agents and to accept the possible risk of a teratogenic effect on the fetus. In most cases, however, potentially teratogenic agents have failed to produce deleterious effects on the human fetus when administered during and after the first trimester of pregnancy.<sup>1,2</sup>In a few instances in humans, alkylating agents given during the first trimester of pregnancy have been associated with fetal anomalies.<sup>2,3</sup> As more and more cases of pregnant patients with Hodgkin's disease who have received chemotherapy during pregnancy become known, the risk of such treatment may be diminished merely by the weight of empirical evidence against any serious effect on the fetus. With this in mind Sokol and Lessmann,<sup>1</sup>Shirkey,<sup>4</sup>and Lacher<sup>5</sup>have stressed the equal importance of reporting normal data as well as anomalies. The following report illustrates the
Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Atrial FibrillationA trial fibrillation (also called AF or A Fib) is the most common form of sustained arrhythmia (heart rhythm disorder).Atrial fibrillation is more common in older people, people with high blood pressure, and people with other kinds of heart disease.It can lead to serious health problems such as stroke, fatigue, and heart failure.The January 27, 2010, issue of JAMA includes an article about treatments for atrial fibrillation.This Patient Page is based on one previously published in the December 19, 2007, issue of JAMA.
Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: V. R. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Recent medical literature contains the records of three patients, all negroes, or negroes with an admixture of Caucasian blood, in whom severe anemia, characterized by certain peculiar morphologic alterations of the red blood cells, was present. The first case was reported by Herrick.<sup>1</sup>Washburn<sup>2</sup>published the records of a patient whose blood showed similar changes, and Cook and Meyer<sup>3</sup>reported the third example of this rare type of anemia. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> The following record is presented in some detail on account of the rarity of the disease: <h3>History.—</h3> C P., a negro, aged 21, was admitted to the Johns Hopkins Hospital, March 15, 1915, complaining of general weakness. The family history was fragmentary, and no evidence was adduced to indicate that any other member of the family had suffered from symptoms similar to his. The patient was born in Virginia and had never been farther than
Electric Shock
Authors: L. Bernstein
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Substances that penetrate the skin surface can act as allergens and induce a T cell–mediated inflammatory skin disease called contact hypersensitivity (CHS). IL-17 is a key cytokine in CHS and was originally thought to be produced solely by CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells. However, it is now known that several cell types, including γδ T cells, can produce IL-17. In this study, we determine the role of γδ T cells, especially dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs), in CHS. Using a well-established model for CHS in which 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) is used as allergen, we found that γδ T cells are important players in CHS. Thus, more IL-17–producing DETCs appear in the skin following exposure to DNFB in wild-type mice, and DNFB-induced ear swelling is reduced by ∼50% in TCRδ<sup>−/−</sup> mice compared with wild-type mice. In accordance, DNFB-induced ear swelling was reduced by ∼50% in IL-17<sup>−/−</sup> mice. We show that DNFB triggers DETC activation and IL-1β production in the skin and that keratinocytes produce IL-1β when stimulated with DNFB. We find that DETCs activated in vitro by incubation with anti-CD3 and IL-1β produce IL-17. Importantly, we demonstrate that the IL-1R antagonist anakinra significantly reduces CHS responses, as measured by decreased ear swelling, inhibition of local DETC activation, and a reduction in the number of IL-17<sup>+</sup> γδ T cells and DETCs in the draining lymph nodes. Taken together, we show that DETCs become activated and produce IL-17 in an IL-1β–dependent manner during CHS, suggesting a key role for DETCs in CHS.
Horse Sense
Authors: Eric E. Hurowitz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

I met Vince during the summer break after my first year in medical school. Rather than applying for a summer scholarship to work in one of the research professors' laboratories, I instead found employment as a hospital assistant (aka orderly) in one of the affiliated teaching hospitals. The aspect of learning the business from the bottom end up appealed to me, as did the $5 per hour salary. Vince was a veteran member of the "porter pool"—that group of invisible nondescripts whom nurses phone for delivery and pickup of various and sundry items. He was in his late 50s, nearly bald, and had a prominent emphysematous chest. He had been employed as a porter and hospital assistant for 15 uninterrupted years, although his thick accent suggested he had arrived in Canada more recently. Outwardly, at least, he gave the appearance of a contented man. He was always smiling ear to
Clinical Diagnosis:
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase II Study of Rituximab in Newly Diagnosed Stage IA Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL): A Report From the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG)
Authors: Dennis A. Eichenauer, Michael Fuchs, Annette Pluetschow, Beate Klimm, Teresa Halbsguth, Boris Böll, Bastian von Tresckow, Peter Borchmann, Andreas Engert
Journal: Blood (2011)
Editorial Board
Authors: James Field, Samuel Soskin, Beverly Hills, Garfield Duncan, Salman Azhar, Palo Alto, Hisham Barakat, George Bray, Jorge Calles-Escandon, Nc Charles, San Francisco, George Chrousos, Bernard Bethesda, St Davis, Leslie Louis, Frederick Degroot, Mario Derubertis, Atlanta Digirolamo, William Ga, Louis Duckworth, John Elsas, Kenneth Fain, San Feingold, Andrew Francisco, New Frantz, Gregory York, Saul Freund, Henry Cleveland, New Ginsberg, Charles York, Jane Glueck, Abbas Cleveland, Fredric Kitabchi, Stanford Kraemer, Robert Kraemer, Nelly Mauras, James May, Glenn Mortimore, Maria New, New York, Michael Pagliassotti, Ft Collins, William Pandak, Alan Richmond, Los Robinson, Peter Stacpoole, Richard Surwit, Marc Durham, John Tucson
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Masthead: (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 3/2018)
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2018)

Citizenship: Wiley's Corporate Citizenship initiative seeks to address the environmental, social, economic, and ethical challenges faced in our business and which are important to our diverse stakeholder groups.Since launching the initiative, we have focused on sharing our content with those in need, enhancing community philanthropy, reducing our carbon impact, creating global guidelines and best practices for paper use, establishing a vendor code of ethics, and engaging our colleagues and other stakeholders in our efforts.
Measurement of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Man
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Undergraduate Education
Authors: William A. Sodeman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Osteopathy today, and undergraduate education in its schools, must be viewed in an altogether different context from that obtaining only a few decades ago. No longer can osteopathy be labeled a cultist group. For example, section 6 of the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) Code of Ethics, as revised July 1965,<sup>1</sup>states: A physician shall practice in accordance with the body of systematized knowledge related to the healing arts and shall avoid professional association with individuals or organizations which do not practice or conduct organizational affairs in accordance with such knowledge. This is our own belief. Educational concepts and practice have changed until today osteopathy is a profession, a segment of the medical profession itself, despite the dilemma of two separate professions. Organized osteopathy does contend that osteopathy is "medicine plus," ie, all the advantages of modern medicine plus the specialized skills in dealing with disorders of the musculoskeletal system
Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Andrew L. Warshaw, Carlos Fernández-del Castillo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

EVERY year, 112,000 Americans die of gastrointestinal cancer, and carcinoma of the pancreas accounts for 22 percent of these deaths.1 It is a disease with an extremely poor prognosis: fewer than 20 percent of affected patients survive the first year, and only 3 percent are alive five years after the diagnosis.2 In fact, of more than 60 cancer sites surveyed for the Annual Cancer Statistics Review, pancreatic carcinoma is the one with the lowest five-year survival rate.2 Despite this grim outcome, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, our ability to diagnose . . .
Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Tendinous Xanthomas, and Frans Hals
Authors: Louis M. Sherwood
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although the molecular mechanisms underlying familial hypercholesterolemia have only recently been described,<sup>1</sup>Frans Hals, the 17th-century Dutch painter, was probably the first to observe the tendinous xanthomas that accompany the clinical disorder. In the December 9, 1988, issue of<i>JAMA</i>, the painting on the cover,<i>Portrait of an Elderly Lady</i>, shows the classic tendinous lesions on the dorsum of the hands of a 60-year-old woman who probably had heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.<sup>2</sup>There is no evidence in the painting that she had xanthelasma as well. Although the clinical diagnosis was not made by Dr Southgate, and the woman's fingers were described as "gnarled and swollen," the cause of the lesions seems clear. Hypercholesterolemia is a common abnormality in the Netherlands, although it is mostly on a polygenic and/or dietary basis. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia occurs in only 1 per 500 people, while the homozygous form is much more
Abstract P042: Association Between Family History of Cardiovascular Disease and Childhood Obesity
Authors: Amna Umer, Candice Hamilton, Cris Britton, Lee Pyles, Collin John, William Neal, Christa Lilly
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Children with family history of cardiovascular disease (F-CVD) have a higher predisposition to develop CVD risk factors during childhood due to shared genes and/or environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to examine if there is an association between F-CVD and childhood obesity. Methods: The study used longitudinally linked data from two cross-sectional datasets (the West Virginia (WV) Birth Score Project and the Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities Project in fifth grade) in WV children (N=22,136). The outcome variable was BMI percentile adjusted for age and gender in fifth grade children. Exposure was defined as F-CVD (having family history of one of the six variables: heart disease, coronary heart disease, heart attack, open heart surgery, angioplasty, and death from heart disease). Additional covariates included socio-demographic variables, perinatal risk factors, and child’s current CVD risk factors. An independent sample t-test was used to determine significant difference in the BMI percentile of children with and without F-CVD. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the adjusted relationships after controlling for covariates. The change in R-square was calculated to determine the unique amount of variance shared between F-CVD and BMI percentile. Results: Nearly one third (33.3%) of the children had F-CVD. The mean difference of BMI percentile of children with F-CVD vs. no F-CVD was 1.25 (95% CI: 0.46 - 2.04). The change in BMI percentile was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.01 - 1.94) or 0.02 standardized units for children having F-CVD compared to no F-CVD after adjusting for covariates. The predictors accounted for 25.8% of the variance in BMI percentile, and F-CVD uniquely accounted for 0.02% of the variance. Conclusion: Our results show a significant but small positive association between F-CVD and childhood obesity in fifth grade WV children. Examination of this association is an important step in identifying the role of F-CVD and childhood obesity in the state of WV.
INSTRUCTION IN PSYCHIATRY IN AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal