tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correction to Open Access Status
Authors: William Silverstein, Yulia Lin, Matthew Cheung
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Amy Mullee, PhD; Dora Romaguera, PhD; Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard, BMBCh; Vivian Viallon, PhD; Magdalena Stepien, PhD; Heinz Freisling, PhD; Guy Fagherazzi, PhD; Francesca Romana Mancini, PhD; Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, MD; Tilman Kühn, PhD; Rudolf Kaaks, PhD; Heiner Boeing, PhD; Krasimira Aleksandrova, PhD; Anne Tjønneland, MD; Jytte Halkjær, PhD; Kim Overvad, MD; Elisabete Weiderpass, MD; Guri Skeie, PhD; Christine L. Parr, PhD; J. Ramón Quirós, MD; Antonio Agudo, PhD; Maria-Jose Sánchez, MD, PhD; Pilar Amiano, MS; Lluís Cirera, MD; Eva Ardanaz, MD; Kay-Tee Khaw, MB; Tammy Y. N. Tong, PhD; Julie A. Schmidt, PhD; Antonia Trichopoulou, MD; Georgia Martimianaki, MSc; Anna Karakatsani, MD; Domenico Palli, MD; Claudia Agnoli, MSc; Rosario Tumino, MD; Carlotta Sacerdote, MD; Salvatore Panico, MD; Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, MD; W. M. Monique Verschuren, PhD; Jolanda M. A. Boer, PhD; Roel Vermeulen, PhD; Stina Ramne, MSc; Emily Sonestedt, PhD; Bethany van Guelpen, MD; Pernilla Lif Holgersson, PhD; Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, PhD; Alicia K. Heath, PhD; David Muller, PhD; Elio Riboli, MD; Marc J. Gunter, PhD; Neil Murphy, PhD
European backgrounds of American medical education (1600-1900)
Authors: R. H. Shryock
Journal: JAMA (1965)

There was no formal medical education in the American Colonies for more than 150 years. A like interval, traced back from the present, would land us in the presidency of James Madison; in other words, it was a long time to carry on without well-trained physicians. Only near the end of the Colonial period, moreover, did a few Americans go abroad for professional education. There are no statistics but it has been estimated that even a decade after the first native school was founded in 1765, 95% of American practitioners held no medical degrees whatever.<sup>1</sup> Throughout the Colonial era, nevertheless, wellinformed persons realized that European governments provided by law for formal medical training and licensing. Why then were there no demands that English colonists be protected in a similar way? We usually ascribe this seeming neglect to a lack of population and wealth, or say that early Americans were
SUGAR AND WORKING POWER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advances in Treatment of Leukemia and Marrow Stem Cell Disorders
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article Advances in Treatment of Leukemia and Marrow Stem Cell Disorders Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 76, Issue 6, June 1986, Pages 1339–1340, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/76.6.1339-g Published: 01 June 1986
Recent Advances in Negative Ion Mass Spectrometry
Authors: John H. Bowie
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

The paper describes theoretical and applied applications of negative ion chemistry carried out at Adelaide during the past five years. kinetic energy release in negative metastable ion decompositions is described, with particular reference to simple cleavage reactions, rearrangement reactions, and reactions which proceed by dual mechanisms. The application of deuterium isotope effects as a mechanistic probe is illustrated by reference to the elimination of ketene from quinone acetate negative ions. Charge stripping of a negative ion yields a decomposing positive ion, which produces a dissociative charge inversion spectrum of the negative ion. This technique allows the study of positive ions not available by conventional ionization; it provides a fingerprint for the parent positive ion produced in the collision process, and it may be used to determine the structure of the precursor negative ion. Finally, a combination of a negative ion spectrum and a charge inversion spectrum may be used as an analytical technique for the structure determination of unknown molecules.
Abstract P196: Associations of Prenatal Antibiotics with Fetal Size and Cord Blood Leptin Levels: Findings From Project Viva
Authors: Noel T Mueller, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Martin J Blaser, Matthew W Gillman, Marie-France Hivert
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Early postnatal antibiotic use appears to promote infant weight gain, but it is unclear how intrauterine exposure to antibiotics is associated with fetal growth and adiposity. The objective was to examine associations of antibiotic prescriptions in each trimester with fetal size and leptin levels at birth. Methods: In 2128 pregnant women from the pre-birth Project Viva cohort, we estimated antibiotic prescribing by timing - any during pregnancy and trimester-specific - from electronic medical records. Outcomes were sex-specific birth weight-for-gestational-age z-scores (BW/GA-z) and cord blood leptin levels. We used linear regression models adjusted for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, race/ethnicity, education, smoking during pregnancy, household income and child sex and gestation length. Results: 643 (30.2%) of women were prescribed antibiotics at any point during pregnancy. Mean (SD) BW/GA-z was 0.17 (0.97) and cord blood leptin was 9.0 ng/ml (6.6). In adjusted models, having an antibiotic prescription at any point during pregnancy was associated with lower BW/GA-z in (β -0.10; 95% CI -0.19, 0.00). In trimester-specific analyses, only 2 nd trimester antibiotic prescriptions were associated with lower BW/GA-z (adj β -0.20; 95% CI -0.35, -0.06). Antibiotic prescription at any point in pregnancy was not associated with cord blood leptin. However, in trimester-specific analyses, 3 rd trimester antibiotic prescriptions were associated with higher cord blood leptin (β 2.28 ng/ml; 95% CI 0.38, 4.17), while1 st and 2 nd trimester antibiotics were not associated with cord blood leptin. Conclusion: Antibiotic prescriptions in mid-pregnancy were associated with lower BW/GA-z, whereas 3 rd trimester prescriptions were associated with higher cord blood leptin.
Multiple metallic pulmonary densities after therapeutic embolization
Authors: B. S. Leitman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

ONE of the recent advances in interventional radiology has been the relatively widespread use of therapeutic embolization for occlusion of gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding, reduction of tumor size before surgery, and treatment of vascular anomalies. Concomitant with the application of these techniques have been new and sometimes unusual complications. We describe a patient with such a complication and review its roentgenographic appearance. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 46-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for evaluation and treatment of a large recurrent arteriovenous malformation of her right lower extremity. She had been treated six years earlier with a below-knee amputation for control of bleeding. This was followed two years later by an above-knee amputation for recurrent hemorrhage. The patient now had further bleeding from the amputation stump. The physical findings and admitting laboratory data were entirely within normal limits, except for a 3-cm ulcerated area with surrounding granulation tissue at
Approach to a Low Vitamin B12 Level
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Even 'knowing better' about smoking, other health risks, may not deter adolescents
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1988)

WHEN IT COMES TO their health, even when they know better, teenagers don't always put their knowledge into practice. This lesson could be drawn from results of the first national survey in a quarter of a century of behavior, knowledge, and attitudes related to health among the nation's teenagers. The survey, which questioned 11419 eighth- and tenth-grade students attending 217 schools, indicates they are careless about avoiding injury, frequently consider suicide, are fundamentally ignorant about sexually transmitted diseases, drink too much, and use drugs and tobacco despite warnings. Those questioned are a representative national sample, says W. James Popham, PhD, president of IOX Assess-ment Associates of Los Angeles, which conducted the survey. Releasing the survey's findings, Robert E. Windom, MD, assistant secretary for health, described them as "somewhat dismaying." However, he says, "they give us fresh insight concerning what our nation's teenagers know and how they act concerning health and
Criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition
Authors: R. M. Craig
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The assessment of a patient's nutritional status is complex, and simplistic laboratory tests are generally inadequate in this analysis. For example,The Journalrecently published a study in which serum albumin levels were used as the major criterion for malnutrition.<sup>1</sup>In this study, serum cholesterol levels were adjusted for nutritional influences by using the serum albumin level as a nutritional marker. The problem with using serum albumin or any other serum protein marker as an index of adequate nutrition is the influence of other nonnutritional factors on their levels. A decreased serum protein value could only be considered "nutritional" if it is due to a diminished supply of a nutrient or nutrients and not due to the underlying host disease processes. Two clinical examples highlight these issues. The first is a fasted patient who is otherwise healthy and whose serum albumin and other serum protein levels
Cirrhosis
Authors: Mara Feingold-Link
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Ad Libitum1 May 2018CirrhosisMara Feingold-LinkMara Feingold-LinkFrom Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M17-2197 Audio Reading - “Cirrhosis” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Cirrhosis," by M. Feingold-Link. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Picking carefully over sticky strandsstretched between twobowing milk thistles, shecarries her plump abdomenwith devastating poise.Medusa to all hapless insects,she creeps with eight serpentine legs,each step cascading rippling wavesalong her silk maze asshe nears a copper woodlouseshifting dully in his fatal tangle.His last temporal acts are wastedin feeble struggle as iron fangs flashand toxic cocktail turns his tired formto paralyzed stone.As saffron sun winks above the horizon,her web is pulled taut between themilk thistle, now standing at attention.The studded strands are splayed like fingersof an outstretched hand, its palmglowing red in the morning sun,and she begins to drink. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Boston, Massachusetts.Current Author Address: Mara Feingold-Link; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Cirrhosis” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Cirrhosis," by M. Feingold-Link. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 2018Volume 168, Issue 9Page: 630KeywordsCirrhosisMilk ePublished: 1 May 2018 Issue Published: 1 May 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Transfusion Compatibility Tests
Authors: B. Godwin, A. J. McCall
Journal: BMJ (1949)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Until 4 decades ago, the rates of stroke in low- and middle-income countries were considerably lower than those in more economically robust countries. In the intervening years, however, the rates of stroke in places such as southern India and rural South Africa have approximately doubled, whereas stroke rates in more economically developed nations have decreased. What is far more striking is that rates of disability and mortality arising from stroke are at least 10 times greater in medically underserved regions of the world compared with the most developed nations. The causes of these disparities are clear: above all, there is a lack of primary care treatment to screen patients for stroke risk and to mitigate risk factors. In addition, the lack of access to common drugs and basic medical equipment, as well as the lack of poststroke follow-up programs, rehabilitation, and secondary stroke prevention, means that individuals who would, in countries with better medical care, likely recover from stroke, instead have high rates of death and disability. Several global organizations, most notably the World Health Organization, have formulated and begun to implement public health programs to address these underserved regions. Their success depends on the support and expansion of these efforts so that short-term response to stroke, long-term stroke prevention and care, and screening and treatment of poststroke disabilities can be improved in underserved regions and the human and economic burden on these populations can be minimized.
Medizinische Praxis: Sammlung für ärztliche Fortbildung.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Competition and the teaching hospital
Authors: D. D. Marcus
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The teaching hospitals, so the conventional wisdom goes, face a bleak future.<sup>1,2</sup>In an increasingly price-conscious health care sector, teaching hospitals, with their higher cost per admission, are at a relative disadvantage in competing for insured patients.<sup>3</sup>Third-party payers are less willing than in the past to contribute toward the activities these institutions consider to be their special mission: residency programs, treatment of Medicaid recipients and of the medically indigent, and the care of more severely ill patients. The budget resolution passed by the Senate caps at the 1984 level Medicare expenditures for the direct costs of postgraduate training and reduces by 50% Medicare payments for the indirect costs attributed to medical education. In the private sector, the newly emerging trend toward selective contracting may also increase the economic difficulties that teaching hospitals are anticipating. And in the slightly more distant future, the rapid growth of the proprietary
The decline of an old amenity
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neurosurgery: The Scientific Basis of Clinical Practice
Authors: Dennis A. Turner
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This is a revised and considerably updated edition of a clinical neurosurgery textbook first published in 1985. The editors' original goal focused on presenting basic mechanisms of central nervous system functioning, primarily to neurosurgeons in training: "Our aim has been to present as broad an outline as possible of the fundamental mechanisms that underlie both the normal and abnormal functions of the brain and spinal cord and their investigation." With this new edition the editors have achieved many aspects of their goal, although the overall coverage varies considerably according to the viewpoints of the individual chapter authors. The entire format of the book differs from other textbooks of neurosurgery in terms of longer, focused chapters, the presentation of additional detail on underlying mechanisms of brain function as opposed to treatment schemes, and the nature of the topics discussed. This format is a pleasant counterpart to the highly detailed and comprehensive
Investigation of Use of the Albino Rat for Studying Gliadin-Induced Steatorrhea
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vitamin D3 Is More Potent Than Vitamin D2 in Humans
Authors: Robert P. Heaney, Robert R. Recker, James Grote, Ronald L. Horst, Laura A. G. Armas
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2011)

Current unitage for the calciferols suggests that equimolar quantities of vitamins D2 (D2) and D3 (D3) are biologically equivalent. Published studies yield mixed results. The aim of the study was to compare the potencies of D2 and D3. The trial used a single-blind, randomized design in 33 healthy adults. Calciferols were dosed at 50,000 IU/wk for 12 wk. Principal outcome variables were area under the curve for incremental total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and change in calciferol content of sc fat. Incremental mean (sd) 25(OH)D area under the curve at 12 wk was 1366 ng·d/ml (516) for the D2-treated group and 2136 (606) for the D3 (P < 0.001). Mean (sd) steady-state 25(OH)D increments showed similar differences: 24 ng/ml for D2 (10.3) and 45 ng/ml (16.2) for D3 (P <0.001). Subcutaneous fat content of D2 rose by 50 μg/kg in the D2-treated group, and D3 content rose by 104 μg/kg in the D3-treated group. Total calciferol in fat rose by only 33 ng/kg in the D2-treated, whereas it rose by 104 μg/kg in the D3-treated group. Extrapolating to total body fat D3, storage amounted to just 17% of the administered dose. D3 is approximately 87% more potent in raising and maintaining serum 25(OH)D concentrations and produces 2- to 3-fold greater storage of vitamin D than does equimolar D2. For neither was there evidence of sequestration in fat, as had been postulated for doses in this range. Given its greater potency and lower cost, D3 should be the preferred treatment option when correcting vitamin D deficiency.