tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Michael A. Tighe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCILOn December 27, 1944, the Executive Committee of the Council, on the recommendation of the Committee on Membership and representatives from the supervising censors, took the following actions:Allowed the following named fellows, applying for retirement and with all dues paid and in good standing, to retire under the provisions of Chapter I, Section 5, of the by-laws, such retirement to be effective as of January 1, 1945:Alley, Ernest J. (Middlesex North), Billerica.Estabrook, Charles T. (Worcester), 10 Algonquin Road, Worcester.Painter, Charles F. (Norfolk), 520 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston.Pease, Lewis W. (Norfolk South), . . .
De novo expression of non-hepatocellular cytokeratins in mallory bodies formation Institute of Pathology, University of Mainz and Institute of Pathology, University of Halle, Germany
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We have studied the synthesis of laminins (Ln) and determined the specific integrins mediating the adhesion of immortalized human corneal epithelial cells to mouse Ln-1, and human Lns-5 and -10. Immunofluorescence microscopy of the cells demonstrated integrin α2, α3, α6, β1and β4subunits, integrins α6and β4being found in a typical ‘leopard-skin’ like manner. Immunoprecipitation studies showed that the cells produced α3, β3 and γ2 chains of Ln-5, but not Lns-1 or -10. In culture Ln-5 was found as small plaques beneath the adhering cells within 1 hr, while in 4 hr widely spread Ln-5 plaques were observed in colocalization with β4integrin subunit. By using a quantitative cell adhesion assay and function-blocking monoclonal antibodies we showed that integrin β1subunit plays a role in mediating corneal epithelial cell adhesion to mouse Ln-1. However, none of the available function-blocking antibodies to integrin α-subunits inhibited the adhesion. Integrin α3β1complex mediated the adhesion of corneal epithelial cells to human Lns-5 and -10. Integrin complex α3β1, as well as laminin α3chain, was also shown to mediate cell adhesion to newly produced endogenous Ln-5. The present results show that integrin α3β1complex mediates the adhesion of corneal epithelial cells to Lns-5 and -10, while a yet unknown integrin α subunit appears to play a role in the adhesion to Ln-1. The results also show that among corneal basement membrane laminins, Ln-5 is synthetized by epithelial cells while Ln-10 may be a product of keratocytes.
Authors' response
Authors: B. Chakrabarti, R. M. Angus, P. M. A. Calverley
Journal: Thorax (2010)

syndrome) of whom 1084 (84%) were treated with methylprednisolone while 207 (16%) received no steroid treatment. 2Glucose levels were the same at baseline in both groups but in those treated with steroid the mean value rose significantly.The highest blood glucose in the methyprednisolone group was 8.68 mmol/l (64.8) compared with 6.39 mmol/l (63.71) in the non-steroid cohort (p<0.05). 2 This change is comparable with the 1.8 mmol/l increase observed with hydrocortisone in a multicentre randomised trial of steroids in sepsis. 3 An increase of this magnitude appears trivial, but significantly alters glucose levels within the lung.Airway surface fluid is a key element of pulmonary defence, and glucose is normally maintained 3e20 times lower than plasma levels by active transport mechanisms. 4 The latter has a threshold of 6.7e9.7 mmol/l and glucose increases in airway fluid when plasma levels exceed this value.Furthermore, pulmonary inflammation disrupts epithelial integrity and also leads to a rise in lung glucose.Airway surface fluid contains surfactant proteins A and D, which not only are important host defence molecules against a broad spectrum of pathogens but, in addition, possess a number of immunoregulatory properties.These proteins are members of the collectin family, which recognise carbohydrate moieties on microorganisms through their lectin domain.The latter also binds glucose, which may act as a competitive inhibitor of surfactant proteins. 5 It is little surprise, therefore, that raised airway fluid glucose promotes pulmonary inflammation and infection. 4 Corticosteroids are an important treatment modality in many pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases.It is likely that in many diseases such as COPD, interstitial lung disease and asthma, modest hyperglycaemia associated with steroid use abrogrates the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs.Further investigation of this phenomenon is warranted not only in COPD, but also in other pulmonary diseases in which steroids are commonly used.
Fulvestrant as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy in postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients (FANCY): A prospective, multicenter, single arm phase II study.
Authors: Shusen Wang, Fei Xu, Quchang Ouyang, Zhongyu Yuan, Danmei Pang, Huimin Yuan, Roujun Peng, Wen Xia, Qiufan Zheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e12012 Background: Maintenance endocrine therapy has been a clinical practice after an effective chemotherapy in hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/Her2-negative advanced breast cancer patients. Whether fulvestrant 500 mg can be an available maintenance method was unknown. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, single arm phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of fulvestrant 500 mg as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy in these patients. Methods: Patients with postmenopausal HR+/Her2-negative advanced breast cancer were included after achieved stable disease or objective response in 4 to 8 cycles of first-line chemotherapy from three hospitals in China. Fulvestrant 500 mg was given intramuscularly on day 1, 15, 29 and once monthly subsequently until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit rate (CBR), secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and tolerability. Results: From Jan 1, 2014 to Sep 30, 2015, 58 patients were included and evaluable for analysis. Thirty-two patients (55.2%) involved lung and/or liver metastases when included. Median follow-up was 9.4 months. One patient discontinued treatment after 5 months fulvestrant for personal reason. No patient was withdrawal from the study for toxicity. Forty-five patients remained stable for at least 6 months for a CBR of 77.6%. Eighteen patients (31.0%) achieved a PFS for more than 10 months. The treatment was fairly well tolerated with only grade 1/2 adverse events, which included injection-site pain (37.9%), arthralgia (25.9%), hot flash (19.0%), decreased appetite (13.8%), elevated transaminase (12.1%), and fatigue (12.1%). Conclusions: Fulvestrant 500 mg could be a promising maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy in postmenopausal HR+/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients with reasonable efficacy and tolerated toxicity. Clinical trial information: NCT02000193.
Psychiatry
Authors: Daniel X. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Change! The concern of all US physicians centers on needed health care reforms. Uncertainty is the rule: about modes of practice and reimbursement, ritualized guidelines vs informed clinical judgment, the roles of general and specialized physicians and their "gatekeepers," and more.<sup>1</sup>Research is an abiding concern, since the chaotic shift of psychiatric and substance abuse research from the former Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration to the National Institutes of Health incurred a loss of at least $15 million for current basic and clinical research grants and may require shifts of $55 million more from such critical efforts. Such policy worries perturb all of medicine. For psychiatrists, with 40% to 50% of the treated disorders encountered in general medicine, their role as accessible consultants implementing relevant knowledge transfer looms large. For their patients, the prospects of unfair discrimination in health care reform loom larger. Recent research focuses on
'HeartGuide' Food-Rating Program Attracts 114 Applications as Controversy Continues
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

EVEN AS jambalaya, crawfish pie, and filé gumbo tempted some 14 000 cardiologists and other health professionals in New Orleans, La, during the American Heart Association's (AHA) 62nd Scientific Sessions, the organization was putting the final touches on a controversial food-rating program designed to make acquiring the family groceries an educational as well as health-enhancing task. "HeartGuide" is the name of this AHA campaign (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:1747, 2785; and<i>JAMA</i>. 1988;260:1192-1193). Its aim, according to Susanna L. Cunningham, PhD, chair of the HeartGuide Public Interest and Oversight Panel, its directing body, is "to fight heart disease, the number one killer of American men and women." Cunningham says 114 products met the November 17 deadline for application to be included in the program's initial phase. (Supermarkets may stock 50 000 or more food products.) The first five categories to be evaluated are frozen dinners and entrées; shelf-stable and frozen vegetables; margarines and
Treatment of advanced tumors with agonistic anti-GITR mAb and its effects on tumor-infiltrating Foxp3<b>+</b>CD25<b>+</b>CD4<b>+</b>regulatory T cells
Authors: Kuibeom Ko, Sayuri Yamazaki, Kyoko Nakamura, Tomohisa Nishioka, Keiji Hirota, Tomoyuki Yamaguchi, Jun Shimizu, Takashi Nomura, Tsutomu Chiba, Shimon Sakaguchi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

T cell stimulation via glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family–related protein (GITR) can evoke effective tumor immunity. A single administration of agonistic anti-GITR monoclonal antibody (mAb) to tumor-bearing mice intravenously or directly into tumors provoked potent tumor-specific immunity and eradicated established tumors without eliciting overt autoimmune disease. A large number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, including interferon (IFN)-γ–secreting cells, infiltrated regressing tumors. Tumor-specific IFN-γ–secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells also increased in the spleen. The treatment led to tumor rejection in IFN-γ–intact mice but not IFN-γ–deficient mice. Furthermore, coadministration of anti-GITR and anti–CTLA-4 mAbs had a synergistic effect, leading to eradication of more advanced tumors. In contrast, coadministration of anti-CD25 and anti-GITR mAbs was less effective than anti-GITR treatment alone, because anti-CD25 depleted both CD25+-activated effector T cells and CD25+CD4+ naturally occurring regulatory T (T reg) cells. Importantly, CD4+ T cells expressing the T reg–specific transcription factor Foxp3 predominantly infiltrated growing tumors in control mice, indicating that tumor-infiltrating natural Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T reg cells may hamper the development of effective tumor immunity. Taken together, T cell stimulation through GITR attenuates T reg–mediated suppression or enhances tumor-killing by CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells, including those secreting IFN-γ, or both. Agonistic anti-GITR mAb is therefore instrumental in treating advanced cancers.
Pregnancy-Related Behaviors Among Migrant Farm Workers—Four States, 1989-1993
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The U.S workforce includes an estimated 3-5 million migrant and seasonal farm workers; approximately 16% of migrant farm workers are women (R. Mines, U.S. Department of Labor, personal communication, 1997). Early enrollment in prenatal care and proper weight gain during pregnancy can reduce the risk for poor birth outcomes. To characterize pregnancy-related behaviors and outcomes among migrant farm workers, CDC analyzed daa for 1989-1993 on prenatal-care use, weight gain during pregnancy, and birth outcomes among migrant farm workers enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in four states participating in CDC's Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System (PNSS). This report presents the results of that analysis, which indicate that the goals of the national health objectives for the year 2000 for pregnant migrant women enrolled in WIC have not been met.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Seymour I. Nathanson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

APPLICANTS FOR FELLOWSHIPPublished in Accordance with the Provisions of Chapter V, Section 2, of the By-LawsBarnstableHolland, Charles L., 475 Main Street, Falmouth.St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1923. Sponsor: Dr. John I. B. Vail, 155 Main Street, Hyannis.Murad, Franz Rene, Main Street, E. Brewster.University of Vienna, 1928. Sponsor: Dr. Edward F. Briggs, Truro.George C Bourne, M.D., Secretary 67 School Street, HyannisBerkshireMcGrath, John Joseph, 88 Summer Street, Adams.University of Vermont College of Medicine, 1946.Rubin, Irving, 173 First Street, Pittsfield.Kansas City University, 1940. Sponsor: Dr. Clement F. Kernan, 184 . . .
Consensus conference: activity of sarcoidosis. Third WASOG meeting, Los Angeles, USA, September 8-11, 1993
Authors: U Costabel, R Du Bois, A Eklund, D James, W Jones-Williams, H Klech, S Nagai, L Newman, A Niden, M Rossman, C Saltini, G Semenzato, A Correspondence, : Costabel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)
Tr1 cell–dependent active tolerance blunts the pathogenic effects of determinant spreading
Authors: Gizi Wildbaum, Nir Netzer, Nathan Karin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a T cell–mediated autoimmune disease of the CNS. The current study shows that even in an acute episode of disease the autoimmune response spreads from one determinant on myelin basic protein (MBP) to the other linked determinant and that this spread plays a functional role in the pathogenesis of disease. The soluble form of each determinant could be used to induce Ag-specific T cell tolerance and reverse an ongoing disease. We show that the rapid effect of soluble peptide therapy is due to repolarization of autoimmune T cells undergoing activation. We suggest that at least two different types of regulatory T cells participate in the induction of active tolerance. The first, yet to be fully characterized, functions in an IL-4–dependent manner. The second produces high levels of IL-10 and low levels of IL-4 (Tr1). We bring about completing evidence showing that these Tr1 cells play a pivotal role in the regulation of T cell tolerance during determinant spread and that soluble peptide therapy with the determinant to which the autoimmune response spreads amplifies a de novo regulatory mechanism aimed to reduce the pathological consequences of determinant spreading.
Pneumatosis intestinalis after jejunoileal bypass. Etiological mechanism in one case
Authors: R. Menguy
Journal: JAMA (1976)

JEJUNOILEAL bypass for gross, morbid obesity has become widely accepted during the past few years. As one would expect from an operation creating major perturbations in the anatomy and physiology of the alimentary tract, the price paid, in terms of undesirable side effects for the often spectacular results, has been high, albeit not prohibitively so. Among the unanticipated and apparently specific complications of this operation that have been discovered recently is that of pneumatosis intestinalis in the bypassed intestine. Two cases have been reported by Passaro et al<sup>1</sup>and one by Martyak and Curtis.<sup>2</sup>All three cases were characterized by severe gaseous distension of the small bowel associated with subserosal air dissection and, in two instances, with pneumoperitoneum. One patient in our series has had this complication, and under circumstances that enabled us to understand the mechanism of its development. If our interpretation is correct, this complication should
From the NIH: Film produced to combat ignorance of genital herpes infection
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ASSOCIATION NEWS.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

<h3>THE MILWAUKEE MEETING, JUNE 6-9.</h3> The Committee of Arrangements are well organized and give assurance of a thoroughly aroused and interested local profession, and that steps are being taken to make the ensuing meeting a complete success. The following are the Committees: <h3>EXECUTIVE.</h3> U. O. B. Wingate, M.D., Chairman. W. H. Washburn, M.D. Sec. L. H. Montgomery, M.D., (Asst. Sec. A. M. A.). Wm. Fox, M.D. Solon Marks, M.D. Jas. Dorland, M.D. Samuel W. French, M.D. Wm. Mackie, M.D. F. E. Walbridge, M.D. Jos. Schneider, M.D. E. Copeland, M.D. Jas. Cavaney, M.D. H. V. Wurdemanu, M.D. G. D. Ladd, M.D. A. B. Farnham, M.D. L. F. Frank, M.D. A. J. Puls, M.D. <h3>TRANSPORTATION AND HOTELS.</h3> F. E. Walbridge, M,D., Chairman. Solon Marks, M.D. Wm. Mackie, M.D. Wm. Fox, M.D. H. M. Brown, M.D. <h3>COMMITTEE ON PLACE OF MEETINGS OF SECTIONS.</h3> Ernest Copeland, M.D., Chairman. H. V. Wurdemann, M.D. A. J. Burgess,
Uterotrophic Activity of Bisphenol A in the Immature Rat
Authors: J. Ashby, H. Tinwell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Bisphenol A (BPA) is active in immature AP rat uterotrophic assays when evaluated using either the oral or the subcutaneous (sc) injection routes of exposure (three daily administrations of 400-800 mg/kg BPA). Premature vaginal opening was seen for 8 of 14 animals exposed to 600 and 800 mg/kg BPA by sc injection. Vaginal opening was not produced by BPA in the gavage studies. These results are consistent with those of Dodds and Lawson [Nature 137:96 (1936)] who found that BPA induces persistent vaginal cornification in ovariectomized rats exposed to three twice-daily injections of 85 mg/kg BPA (total daily dose 170 mg/kg), but they conflict with the reported inactivity of BPA in the immature mouse uterotrophic assay. The uterotrophic activity of diethylstilbestrol in the rat is also established (0.04 mg/kg/day for three days).
Prevalence of Selected Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among American Indians and Alaska Natives--United States, 1997
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Heart disease and stroke, the principal causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD), are the first and fifth leading causes of death among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) (1,2). Risk factors for CVD frequently cluster, which may increase CVD risk multiplicatively (3). To characterize the prevalence of risk factors for CVD (i.e., hypertension, current cigarette smoking, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes) among AI/AN, CDC analyzed data from the 1997 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that 63.7% of AI/AN men and 61.4% of AI/AN women who participated in the survey had one or more CVD risk factors.
Positive epicardial fat pad sign without pericardial effusion
Authors: R. B. Engle
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Engle and Upham, in their conclusion, state that a positive EFPS may be present not only with a pericardial effusion but also with pericardial thickening. We agree; however, the sign is more commonly seen with pericardial fluid than with thickening. We agree that the EFPS is positive in the patient described, and we can only speculate as to why the echocardiogram is negative for pericardial fluid. Considering the patient's clinical findings, it seems most likely that he had uremic pericarditis. The history of chronic renal failure and the presence of a friction rub in January 1981 when the EFPS was positive and also three months earlier support the diagnosis of uremic pericarditis. In uremic pericarditis there is fibrinous exudate that often results in adhesions between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium. This can cause fluid to be loculated and, if it is loculated anteriorly, a
Method for the Study of Calcium Absorption by Human Gut Using a Standard Oral Dose of Calcium Labelled with Calcium-47
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABSTRACTS
Authors: RALPH E. SMITH
Journal: Circulation (1967)

A study of four patients with bacterial endocar- ditis with allergic reactions to penicillin is presented.A patient with blood cultures positive for a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Aureus was treated from the outset with 8 to 4 g of cephalothine sodium intravenously per day.A sec- ond patient with alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, initially treated with 20 million units of penicillin and 2 g of streptomycin for 10 days, developed a hypersensitivity reaction, and therapy with cephaloridine, 4 g per day intramuscularly was given for another 14 days.In the third case, with posi- tive cultures for an alpha-hemolytic microaero- philic streptococcus, therapy with cephaloridine and streptomycin was instituted at the outset.All three patients were considered to have had bac- teriological and clinical cures.A fourth patient with coagulase-positive penicillin-resistant Staphyloccus aureus died on the fourth day of treat- ment from extensive embolizations.Only one patient developed side effects, with symptoms of gastrointestinal and central-nervous system ir- ritation, which were dose related.The authors conclude that, at present, it appears justifiable to use cephalothine and cephaloridine as the keystone for treatment of endocarditis due to grampositive cocci (except enterococci) in patients allergic to penicillin.