tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health Literacy: Report of the Council on Scientific Affairs
Authors: None Ad Hoc Committee on Health Literacy for the Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextPatients with the greatest health care needs may have the least ability to read and comprehend information needed to function successfully as patients.ObjectiveTo examine the scope and consequences of poor health literacy in the United States, characterize its implications for patients and physicians, and identify policy and research issues.ParticipantsThe 12 members of the Ad Hoc Committee on Health Literacy, American Medical Association Council on Scientific Affairs, were selected by a key informant process as experts in the field of health literacy from a variety of backgrounds in clinical medicine, medical and health services research, medical education, psychology, adult literacy, nursing, and health education.EvidenceLiterature review using the MEDLINE database for January 1966 through October 1, 1996, searching Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) reading combined with text words health or literacy in the title, abstract, or MeSH. A subsequent search using reading as a search term identified articles published between 1993 and August 1998. Authors of relevant published abstracts were asked to provide manuscripts. Experts in health services research, health education, and medical law identified proprietary and other unpublished references.Consensus ProcessConsensus among committee members was reached through review of 216 published articles and additional unpublished manuscripts and telephone and Internet conferencing. All committee members approved the final report.ConclusionsPatients with inadequate health literacy have a complex array of communications difficulties, which may interact to influence health outcome. These patients report worse health status and have less understanding about their medical conditions and treatment. Preliminary studies indicate inadequate health literacy may increase the risk of hospitalization. Professional and public awareness of the health literacy issue must be increased, beginning with education of medical students and physicians and improved patient-physician communication skills. Future research should focus on optimal methods of screening patients to identify those with poor health literacy, effective health education techniques, outcomes and costs associated with poor health literacy, and the causal pathway of how poor health literacy influences health.
Myocardial lactate dehydrogenase patterns in volume- or pressure-overloaded ventricles Cornelia Piper, Dieter Horstkotte, Anne K. Bock, Edmund Wudel, Heinz P. Schulthei$beta;, Andrea D�rner. Heart Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany, Benjamin-Franklin Hospital, Berlin, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Serratia Granuloma
Authors: Ervin Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<i>A granuloma developed in the skin of the knee of a 14-year-old boy following a scratch. The lesion persisted for five years. Bacteriologic studies identified the causative organism as</i>Serratia marcescens.<i>Prompt cure was obtained by the oral use of minocycline hydrochloride.</i>
Nadia ElGaylani
Authors: S. Rassam
Journal: BMJ (2010)

This article analyses the choice between non-contingent bonds and catastrophe (CAT) bonds to cover the risk of earthquakes. A dynamic stochastic optimization model with frictions was developed and shows under which conditions it may be advantageous for a government to issue a CAT bond instead of a standard non-contingent bond. We show how friction costs, such as the illiquidity premium associated with non-contingent debt issuance when a catastrophe occurs, increase the opportunity to issue CAT bonds. The calibration of the proposed model to real data allows us to estimate the price of CAT bonds to insure against earthquake losses in Quebec. <b>TOPICS:</b>Fixed income and structured finance, tail risks <b>Key Findings</b> ▪ This article proposes a dynamic stochastic optimization model with frictions to analyse the choice between non-contingent bonds and catastrophe (CAT) bonds to cover the risk of earthquakes. ▪ Friction costs, such as the illiquidity premium associated with non-contingent debt issuance when a catastrophe occurs, increase the opportunity to issue CAT bonds. ▪ The calibration of the proposed model to real data allows us to estimate the price of CAT bonds to insure against earthquake losses in Quebec.
FIXATION OF THE SHOULDER IN THE TREATMENT OF DISLOCATION.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Statistical Review
Authors: C. H. William Ruhe
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>Candidates Examined by State Licensing Boards</h3> Table 1 is a summary of licenses issued MD candidates by the several licensing boards in the calendar year 1973. The total for that year was 36,462, or 3,062 more licenses than were issued in the previous calendar year. There were 13,094 licenses granted following examination and 23,368 by endorsement of National Board certificates or licenses previously earned in other states. This represented, respectively, a 2% and 14% increase over the previous year's figures. By the close of 1973, all but two states had adopted FLEX as their board examination. The two states yet to adopt the test are Florida and Texas, and it is expected that they will be using FLEX in the near future. Most US medical school graduates continue to qualify for licensure through National Boards. These physicians are not recorded "as candidates for licensure by examination," but appear in the
Lectures on the Principles of Surgical Diagnosis: Especially in Relation to Shock and Visceral Lesions
Authors: F. Le Gros Clark
Journal: BMJ (1868)

Effects ofShock on Nierve-Centres; on Heart-Temper.ature in Shock, and Reaction-Shock in Relation to Operationr-Value ofStimulants in Diagnosis-Causes of Fatality in Shock.Mat.PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN,-Of the many expressive mono- syllables, whether of Saxon or Latin origin, with which our copious laguage abounds, probably there is not one which awakens more thrill- ing emotions when it is uttered than the word " pain".In its etymology, the scholar discovers an association with the penalty and punish- ment of sin, whilst the physiologist, with a gentler and more tolerant
Blocking mitochondrial calcium release in Schwann cells prevents demyelinating neuropathies
Authors: Sergio Gonzalez, Jade Berthelot, Jennifer Jiner, Claire Perrin-Tricaud, Ruani Fernando, Roman Chrast, Guy Lenaers, Nicolas Tricaud
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Schwann cells produce myelin sheath around peripheral nerve axons. Myelination is critical for rapid propagation of action potentials, as illustrated by the large number of acquired and hereditary peripheral neuropathies, such as diabetic neuropathy or Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases, that are commonly associated with a process of demyelination. However, the early molecular events that trigger the demyelination program in these diseases remain unknown. Here, we used virally delivered fluorescent probes and in vivo time-lapse imaging in a mouse model of demyelination to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the demyelination process. We demonstrated that mitochondrial calcium released by voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) after sciatic nerve injury triggers Schwann cell demyelination via ERK1/2, p38, JNK, and c-JUN activation. In diabetic mice, VDAC1 activity was altered, resulting in a mitochondrial calcium leak in Schwann cell cytoplasm, thereby priming the cell for demyelination. Moreover, reduction of mitochondrial calcium release, either by shRNA-mediated VDAC1 silencing or pharmacological inhibition, prevented demyelination, leading to nerve conduction and neuromuscular performance recovery in rodent models of diabetic neuropathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases. Therefore, this study identifies mitochondria as the early key factor in the molecular mechanism of peripheral demyelination and opens a potential opportunity for the treatment of demyelinating peripheral neuropathies.
Alteration of Epithelial Structure and Function Associated with PtdIns(4,5)P<sub>2</sub>Degradation by a Bacterial Phosphatase
Authors: David Mason, Gustavo V. Mallo, Mauricio R. Terebiznik, Bernard Payrastre, B. Brett Finlay, John H. Brumell, Lucia Rameh, Sergio Grinstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)
NONCARDIAC EDEMA
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Word
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MASTICATION AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errata: Endoscopic Injection Hemostasis of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding: A Case Report
Authors: G. Bertoni, R. Conigliaro, E. Ricci, M. G. Mortilla, G. Bedogni, G. Fornaciari
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

Correction to: Endoscopic Injection Hemostasis of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding: A Case ReportEndoscopy 1990; 22(03): 154-155DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1012827
The Frowning Sign Multiple Forehead Furrows In Peptic Ulcer
Authors: Thomas A. Warthin
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Frowning is produced by contraction of the corrugator supercilii muscle. This muscle arises from the lowest point of the frontal bone where it joins the bones of the nose and runs obliquely upwards inserts into the skin under the eyebrows. Its action lowers and brings together the eyebrows so that vertical furrows are formed on the forehead.<sup>1</sup> One of us (T.A.W.) has had the impression that chronic duodenal ulcer patients have an increased number of vertical furrows on the forehead. William Shakespeare may have made the original observation, as quoth by Othello, Act III, scene 3, "I have a pain upon my forehead here." This study was undertaken to test the validity of such an impression. <h3>Material and Methods:—</h3> Two hundred patients from the gastroenterology and general medicine services at the Walter Reed General Hospital and 200 male veterans are included in this study. One hundred
Industrial Emission of Cadmium in Japan
Authors: Noboru Yamagata
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Direct emission of cadmium into air and water in Japan has been controlled on the basis of the Emission and Effluent Standards. Environmental quality in these media has been improved, but delayed effects of these emissions in the past are now manifest by contamination of agricultural acreage in various parts of this country. Special land improvement projects are therefore required, and cost allocation should be made on the basis of scientific assessment of natural background. An impact assessment on accidental release of potential sources of cadmium dispersed in the water system should be made on the basis of inventory surveillance. Assessment of natural background can practically be made by two means. One is to examine the vertical distribution of cadmium in a soil profile and to search for a subsurface layer in which there can be no contamination. Another is the use of the Zn/Cd ratio as an index of pollution, a value of 400 being suggested as a screening level. The transport of cadmium was found to occur principally in particulate form, and sampling and analysis of water together with suspended solid after a heavy rainfall is suggested as a useful means for assessing the character of a catchment area and for planning the improvement of land surface in mining districts.
IL-13 alters mucociliary differentiation and ciliary beating of human respiratory epithelial cells
Authors: Jamila Laoukili, Eric Perret, Tom Willems, Adrian Minty, Eef Parthoens, Odile Houcine, Andre Coste, Mark Jorissen, Francelyne Marano, Daniel Caput, Frédéric Tournier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

In animal models of asthma, interleukin-13 (IL-13) induces goblet cell metaplasia, eosinophil infiltration of the bronchial mucosa, and bronchial hyperreactivity, but the basis of its effects on airway epithelia remain unknown. Lesions of the epithelial barrier, frequently observed in asthma and other chronic lung inflammatory diseases, are repaired through proliferation, migration, and differentiation of epithelial cells. An inflammatory process may then, therefore, influence epithelial regeneration. We have thus investigated the effect of IL-13 on mucociliary differentiation of human nasal epithelial cells in primary culture. We show that IL-13 alters ciliated cell differentiation and increases the proportion of secretory cells. IL-13 downregulates the actin-binding protein ezrin and other cytoskeletal components. IL-13 also impairs lateral cell contacts and interferes with the apical localization of ezrin seen in differentiated ciliated cells. In addition, an IL-4 antagonistic mutant protein (Y124D), which binds to the IL-4 receptor α subunit, a common chain of IL-4 and IL-13 receptors, inhibits IL-13’s effects. IL-13 also decreases ciliary beat frequency in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that, in human allergic asthmatic responses, IL-13 affects both ciliated and secretory cell differentiation, leading to airway damage and obstruction.
Archives of Pathology, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Direct toxic effect of cytostatic drugs on erythrocytes as possible reason for chemotherapy-induced anemia
Authors: B. Schauf, N. Schweizer, E. Solomayer, D. Wallwiener, J. Huober
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

781 Background: So far suppression of the bone marrow has been claimed to be the main reason of chemotherapy-induced anaemia. However assuming an average duration of red blood cell (RBC) lifetime of 120 days, anemia can not be explained only by the suppression of bone marrow. It may be supposed that during the course of chemotherapy (CHT) existing RBC perish through oxidation processes which lead to a decrease of deformability and finally to the elimination of these RBC. This mechanism may well be one reason for CHT-induced anemia. This study was carried out to investigate whether there is any influence of CHT on RBC-deformability and whether there is a correlation between RBC-deformability and anemia in patients receiving CHT. Methods: 51 patients with breast or ovarian cancer treated with regimens like Epirubicin/Cyclophosphamide or taxane- and platin-based combinations were included in this study. The Hb was determined before the application of CHT in each cycle. The deformablility of RBC was measured by laser diffractoscopy before and 2h after the application of the cytostatic drugs in each cycle. Results: It could be shown, that both Hb and deformability of RBC was decreased by the employed CHT-regimens (Table 1). In all cycles 2 h after the administration of CHT a reduction of deformability of RBC was already measurable. There was a correlation between the Hb reduction and the decrease of the deformability of RBC. In addition, after the 4th cycle CHT the degree of the decrease of RBC-flexibilty was significantly associated with the Hb reduction. Conclusions: Hb reduction during CHT might not only be the consequence of myelosuppression. During the course of CHT existing RBC perish because of decreasing deformability. Analysis of RBC-deformability shortly after the first application of cytostatic drugs might therefore be an instrument to predict patients developing severe anemia during CHT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Wringer Injuries
Authors: Hugh B. Lynn
Journal: JAMA (1960)

During a six-year period, 423 children were treated for injuries inflicted by motor-driven wash-wringers. All patients were treated alike. The entire extremity was cleansed with hexachlorophene. Finemesh gauze was applied to any contused or abraded area and covered by a bulky mild compression dressing; the arm was then elevated by suspension. Lacerations were treated in the usual way. The dressings were changed every 8 to 12 hours for a period of 48 hours. Eight of the 423 patients sustained fractures, and 68 required skin grafting. This incidence of grafting was lower than the average reported in other series.
LIFE INSURANCE EXAMINATION FEES.
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal