tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ipecac syrup in antiemetic ingestion
Authors: M. E. Thoman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The use of ipecac syrup as an emetic where an antiemetic has been ingested is just as effective as ipecac syrup given for the ingestion of other drugs. Though well known for over 300 years, the therapeutic use of ipecac syrup as an emetic has waxed and waned in its acceptability through the years. Moreover, the use of ipecac in the case of antiemetic ingestion has received variable authoritative opinions ranging from contraindicated<sup>1</sup>to generally recommended.<sup>2,3</sup> Until recently, it was thought that ipecac, though a fairly effective emetic, was of little value in the case of accidental ingestion of poison because of its slow onset of action.<sup>4,5</sup>Also, the traditional stomach pump was felt to be considerably more efficient over pharmacologically induced emesis. However, recent literature shows that more investigation has been afforded this drug, resulting in more effective evaluations. In 1958, Dr. Franklin Arnold et al<sup>6</sup>administered sodium salicylate to a series of dogs.
Genetic Variants in the Candidate Genes of the Apoptosis Pathway and Susceptibility to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Dong Hwan Kim, Kyoung Ha Kim, Myung Hee Chang, Wei Xu, Clement Ma, Xiangdong Liu, Katherine Siminovitch, Hans A. Messner, Jeffrey H. Lipton
Journal: Blood (2008)
Iatrogenic intraspinal epidermoid tumors
Authors: S. Batnitzky
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Intraspinal epidermoid tumors may be congenital or acquired in origin. Lumbar punctures performed with needles without stylets or with ill-fitting stylets are responsible for the implantation of epidermal fragments into the spinal canal and the resultant iatrogenic intraspinal epidermoid tumors. Pain in the back or lower extremities is a striking clinical feature in these cases. Myelography should be considered for every patient who has pain in the lower extremities or back and who has had previous lumbar punctures. (<i>JAMA</i>237:148-150, 1977)
Related and Alumni Groups
Authors: David Karcher, David Bulgarelli, Sue Brown, Helen Keller, John Costejlo Helen, Darrell Smith, Robert Silver, Mrs Lorraine, H Marchi, David Bu1garelli, E Gieser, Lisa Semple, Emily Busby, Dan Jones, William Ludwick, Robert Reinecke, Mari Lottes Bruckman, Dan Casseday, Ceretha Cartwright, John Wobig, Terry Brucker, P Box, Mark Levine, John Norris, Fronde Gutman
Journal: Ophthalmology (1984)
Tailored message interventions promote the number of participants in viral hepatitis screening for Japanese workers - multicenter trial of 1,127,596 general checkup applicants
Authors: Masaaki Korenaga, Chieko Ooe, Keiko Kamimura, Tatsuya Ide, Satoshi Mochida, Takako Inoue, Jun Fukuyoshi, Tatsuya Kanto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Praziquantel and refugee health
Authors: B. G. Weniger
Journal: JAMA (1984)

PRAZIQUANTEL is a new drug that is effective against a broad range of parasitic fluke (Trematoda) and tapeworm (Cestoda) infections. In June 1983, it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for marketing in the United States. The compound was developed and introduced in the mid-1970s through a joint effort of Bayer AG and E. Merck of West Germany, where the drug is made. Praziquantel is administered orally and is well tolerated; on occasion it causes short-lived side effects of drowsiness, headache, nausea, backache, and abdominal fullness or discomfort.<sup>1,2</sup> Praziquantel is currently labeled in the United States only for schistosomiasis (bilharziasis). It is now the preferred drug for treatment of<i>Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma japonicum</i>infections diagnosed in the United States, outmoding the use of metrifonate and niridazole, respectively, because of their more complicated administration or greater toxicity.<sup>3</sup>It is the only drug for treatment of<i>Schistosoma mekongi</i>
Migraine Trust
Authors: B De, A Laha, M Desai, A Adham-Sikhtian, V Gurney, Hassan Mody, S Sinha, A Menkarious, G Hill, N Sharma, W Jarasius, H El Moussa, L Sparks, H Huygens, Easwara Khanthan, S Jayaratne, K Sivathondan, C Vartak, S Abboud, A Al-Beer, Emu Hazarika, R Mccurdie, P Nandadeva, D Nicholson, R Bosanquet, R Jones, Bozena Laskiewicz, G Leonard, T Lienert, J Mariadason, J Munk, V Wavde, S Alkadi, M Ashraf, J Auchincloss, H Baxter, M Erian, S Filobbos, L Guvendik, A Khalifeh, R Mifsud, A Milling, M Ray, M Rosenberg, M Seal, R Sidra, A Silverstone, P Sinclair, C Baxter-Smith, D East, N Fieldman, A Franklin, J Griffin, R House, M Keene, H Mukasa, J Parker, M Rahim, G Sandilands, R Shortridge, A Smith, R Tandy, F Thomas, M Wallace, G Westmore, J Young, R Abdelmisih, P Braithwaite, M Clague, J Davies, Bridget Enoch, J Fielding, F O'c A, R Fitzgerald, J Getty, D Gladstone, S Gupta, J Hallett, Margaret Hocking, J Houghton, L Jarrett, J Jones, G Lambert, H Ma, A Maceachern, R Moore, J New, R Nicholson, S Obeidallah, J Punt, M Rowntree, A Saad, M Shedid, S Smith, J Stoddard, J Swann, J Wade, A Waters, S Bennett, N Bhuva, J Boyd, Das De, P Fawcett, M Hsu, J Lehmann, J Lewis, H Lye, N Mccollum, D Makey, N Roberts, R Tiptaft, R Salter, Rodney Smith, Mr Selwyn
Journal: BMJ (1976)
Long term hormone replacement therapy is needed to prevent hip fractures
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Quality of care before admission to intensive care is often poor Emergency admissions have risen by 50% since 1984, but this rise in quantity should not be at the expense of quality.McQuillan et al (p 1853) used confidential inquiry methods to investigate the quality of care received by a consecutive cohort of 100 adult emergency patients in two hospitals.Oxygen therapy; management of airway, breathing, or circulation; or monitoring was suboptimal in over 50 patients.At least 39 patients were admitted late in their illness.These factors may be associated with increased morbidity and mortality and avoidable admissions to intensive care.The authors suggest a back to basics approach to managing dysfunction of airway, breathing, and circulation.The structure and process of acute care need reviewing to meet the challenge of the increasingly frenetic workload of the NHS.
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prednisone for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Summaries for Patients1 January 2002Prednisone for Rheumatoid ArthritisAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-1-200201010-00002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease that causes painful, swollen, and deformed joints. It is caused by inflammation of the tissue linings (membranes) of joints and most often affects many small joints of the hands and feet, but may develop in any joint. People with RA usually have chronic joint pain and stiffness. There is no cure for RA, but signs and symptoms can be treated. Persistent arthritis is painful and destroys joints, and about 1 in 10 persons with RA may eventually become severely disabled from ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled "Low-Dose Prednisone Therapy for Patients with Early Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: Clinical Efficacy, Disease-Modifying Properties, and Side Effects. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial." It is in the 1 January 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 136, pages 1-12). The authors are AA van Everdingen, JWG Jacobs, DR Siewertsz van Reesema, and JWJ Bijlsma.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoLow-Dose Prednisone Therapy for Patients with Early Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: Clinical Efficacy, Disease-Modifying Properties, and Side Effects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Amalia A. van Everdingen , Johannes W.G. Jacobs , Dirk R. Siewertsz van Reesema , and Johannes W.J. Bijlsma Metrics 1 January 2002Volume 136, Issue 1Page: I-72KeywordsBone fractureCalciumDisease modifying antirheumatic drugsDrug therapyDrugsHand strengthInflammationRheumatoid arthritisSigns and symptomsStiffness ePublished: 1 January 2002 Issue Published: 1 January 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Malaria prevention in travellers from the United Kingdom. Report of meetings convened by the Ross Institute.
Authors: D Mackay, A Woodruff, A Bryceson, G Cook, Hall Liverpool, M Gilles, J Berrie
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Malaria prophylaxis is relative, not absolute, but can provide much protection. Travellers must take prophylactics regularly while in malarious areas and for one month thereafter; despite doing so, they may still develop malaria. For areas without chloroquine-resistant malaria, chloroquine, 300 mg base weekly, or proguanil, 100-200 mg daily, are preferred. In areas of chloroquine sensitivity there may be places with resistance to proguanil and pyrimethamine, but these places are not delineated. The risk of breakthrough of malaria is, therefore, least with chloroquine, but problems of potential side effects and regular medication are fewer with proguanil than chloroquine. Proguanil is preferred for long-term prophylaxis. Malaria poses a greater hazard for pregnant women and infants than do prophylactics. Pyrimethamine/sulphadoxine (Fansidar) or pyrimethamine/diaminodiphenyl sulphone (maloprim) are the preferred drugs for areas with prevalent chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum. Fansidar is taken once a week and Maloprim also is usually recommended to be taken once a week.
The effect of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine on cultured dog gallbladder epithelial cells
Authors: R Malik
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Normal dog gallbladder epithelial cells in long-term culture were used as a model to study the morphologic, genetic, and secretory processes associated with the progression to cancer formation. Dog gallbladder epithelial cells cultured on collagen-coated plates grew into polarized monolayers, could be passaged repeatedly, and showed the typical morphological profile of well-differentiated columnar epithelial cells. After cells were exposed to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) at 10-5 mol/L for 48 hours, the treated cells grew on plastic and could be cloned. Flow cytometry revealed emergence of an aneuploid cell subpopulation. In organotypic culture, treated cells showed a pseudostratified appearance, with cellular and nuclear pleomorphism. Large and hyperchromatic nuclei were present as well as increased mitotic rate. The proteins of MNNG-treated dog gallbladder epithelial cells showed increased phosphorylation of tyrosine residues. Treated cells showed a decrease in mucin secretion in response to prostaglandin E2, manifesting an altered pattern of mucin secretion. Transforming growth factor-beta failed to inhibit cell proliferation in the MNNG-treated cells compared with the prominent inhibition in normal cells. Together, the data reflected changes representing preliminary steps on the pathway to develop cancer cells. Our results indicate that carcinogenic chemicals can cause measurable chromosomal and cellular modifications to normal biliary epithelial cells in vitro. This model may be useful in understanding the sequential steps in carcinogenesis and affords an opportunity to study chromosomal damage, cytokinetics, changes in molecular genetic markers, and expression, as well as cell biological function during cellular transformation. (Hepatology 1997 Nov;26(5):1296-302)
From the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: S. L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2017)

In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), recruitment of collapsed lung units might decrease the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury, but the eff ect on mortality is not known.The Alveolar Recruitment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Trial Investigators randomized 1010 patients with moderate to severe ARDS from 120 intensive care units and found that a treatment strategy of lung recruitment and titrated positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) vs a conventional low-PEEP strategy increased 28day all-cause mortality.In an Editorial, Sahetya and Brower suggest that allowing some lung units to remain closed may be less harmful than aggressive eff orts to keep them open.
Spontaneous and iatrogenic spreading of liver-derived cells into peripheral blood of patients with primary liver cancer
Authors: M Louha
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The prognosis for patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) often depends on tumor recurrence and the development of extrahepatic metastases, particularly after liver transplantation. We have developed a sensitive test to detect both spontaneous circulation of tumor cells and the spread of liver cells due to chemoembolization and alcoholization. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to search for cells expressing α-fetoprotein (AFP) messenger RNA in the peripheral blood of 84 patients with PLC and 102 controls (55 patients with chronic hepatitis and/or cirrhosis, 10 patients with benign liver tumors or liver metastases from intestinal cancers, and 37 healthy individuals). By spiking the blood of healthy volunteers with HepG2 cells, we assessed the sensitivity limit: one HepG2 cell mixed with 107 leukocytes. All 102 controls tested negative. In contrast, 28 patients (33.3%) with PLC tested positive. Positivity for the test was significantly associated with portal thrombosis, tumor size, intravascular tumor emboli, serum AFP level, and extrahepatic metastases. Patients were followed up for a mean period of 39 ± 51 weeks: the probability of developing extrahepatic metastases was significantly higher in positive than in negative patients. Eighteen negative patients with PLC were tested before, 1 hour after, and 24 hours after locoregional therapy: 9 tested positive either 1 or 24 hours after alcoholization or chemoembolization. In conclusion, we have developed a highly specific and sensitive test to detect circulating tumor cells in patients with PLC. This test is likely to be clinically useful in evaluating the risk of developing extrahepatic metastases and the possibility of iatrogenic spreading of liver-derived, possibly tumorous, cells.
Age-related macular degeneration: what do patients find on the internet?
Authors: Christina A Rennie, Shabeeba Hannan, Nick Maycock, Chee Kang
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Objective To assess the quality of information and readability of the top internet sites for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design An examination of the technical information provision, quality and readability of websites found during an internet search for ‘age-related macular degeneration’. Setting Six internet search engines were used to find 26 unique sites on AMD. Main outcome measures Technical information and quality were assessed using a simple grading system. Readability was assessed using a Simple Measure Of Gobbledygook (SMOG) rating. Results Twelve organizational, seven academic and seven commercial sites were identified. The average technical scores were 82.3%, 67.9% and 65.2% for each type of site, respectively ( P=0.097, one way ANOVA). The average quality scores were 62.2%, 62.6%, and 49.5% for each type of site, respectively ( P=0.356, one-way ANOVA). The average SMOG ratings were 16.3, 16.1, and 16.2 for each type of site, respectively ( P=0.983, one-way ANOVA). Fifteen of the sites provided details of new and emerging treatments, with seven providing a detailed discussion. Conclusions Many websites are now meeting the challenge of providing comprehensive information about AMD and its new treatments. Quality scores were disappointing, with sites needing to provide more evidence of authorship and attribution of information. The majority of sites had SMOG scores above 10, making them difficult for the average person to understand. As physicians we need to help design and direct patients to sites that provide high quality, current information.
ESTABLISHING SUCCESS OF THE HYOROXYAPATITE ORBITAL IMPLANT USING BONE SCINTIGRAPHY
Authors: C. Mazac, R. Dhekne, D. Pincus, H. Mintz-Hittner, S. Biondo, J. Blythe, W. Moore, P. Ford
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Mazac, C.; Dhekne, R.; Pincus, D.; Mintz-Hittner, H.; Biondo, S.; Blythe, J.; Moore, W.; Ford, P. Author Information
Interleukin-10 level in sputum is reduced in bronchial asthma, COPD and in smokers
Authors: S Takanashi, Y Hasegawa, Y Kanehira, K Yamamoto, K Fujimoto, K Satoh, K Okamura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

Interleukin (IL)-10 is a potent regulatory cytokine that decreases inflammatory responses. This study investigated whether IL-10 levels in the airway are decreased in chronic airway inflammation associated with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Sputum was obtained from 12 healthy nonsmokers, 10 healthy smokers, 16 asthmatic patients and seven patients with COPD by means of the sputum-induction method. The IL-10 level was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunocytochemical analysis. The IL-10 level in sputum was significantly lower in asthma and COPD patients and healthy smokers compared with that in healthy nonsmokers (nonsmokers, 68.0+/-11.3; smokers, 45.3+/-7.8; asthma, 26.7+/-4.0; COPD, 18.0+/-2.3 pg x mL(-1); p&lt;0.05 for nonsmokers versus the other groups). The percentage of IL-10-positive cells in the sputum was also significantly lower in asthma and COPD and in smokers (nonsmokers, 13.2+/-1.7; smokers, 6.4+/-1.8; asthma, 5.4+/-3.5; COPD, 3.5+/-1.6%; p&lt;0.05 for nonsmokers versus the other groups). The IL-10-positive cell appeared morphologically to be the macrophage. These data suggest that the reduced level of interleukin-10 within the airways plays a role in the pathogenesis of chronic airway inflammation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Rabies Treatment
Authors: THORNSVARD CHARLES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 November 1972Rabies TreatmentTHORNSVARD CHARLES, M.D.THORNSVARD CHARLES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-5-812 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I congratulate Dr. Hattwick and his associates on providing the excellent care for their young patient with rabies (1), which undoubtedly aided recovery. One point deserves emphasis: the postexposure treatment in this patient was inappropriate, inadequate, and delayed. I would submit, as would Hildreth (2, 3), that, besides local wound care, the only postexposure treatment of efficacy is antiserum injected locally and systematically into the area of wounding. This should be given immediately and certainly within the first 24 hours. Once the rabies virus becomes ensconced within the nerve, antibody is ineffective in preventing rabies in experimental...References1. HATTWICKWEISSTECHSCHULTE MTC: Recovery from rabies: a case report. Ann Intern Med 76:931-942, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. HILDRETH E: Prevention of rabies. Or the decline of Sirius. Ann Intern Med 58:883-896, 1963 LinkGoogle Scholar3. HILDRETH E: Rabies prevention 1966 (editorial). Ann Intern Med 64:1357-1368, 1966 LinkGoogle Scholar4. LOOFBOURROWCABASSOROBY JUR. Rabies immune globulin (human). Clinical trials and dose determination. JAMA 217:1825-1831, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. BAERCLEARY GW: A model in mice for the pathogenesis and treatment of rabies. J Infect Dis 125:520, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Collected recommendations. Morbid Mortal Weekly Rep 21(suppl 25) :17-21, 24 June 1972 Google Scholar3. KARLINERBELAVAL JG: Incidence of reactions following administration of antirabies serum; study of 526 cases. JAMA 193:359-562, 1965 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BARKERFRANCIS WB: Epidemiology of rabies in Washington, 1930-1969. Northwest Med 71:179, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Section of Hematology and Immunology University of California San Francisco Medical Center San Francisco, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBlock Copolymers 1 November 1972Volume 77, Issue 5Page: 812-813KeywordsNervesPatientsRabies Issue Published: 1 November 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...