tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Council on Drugs. List No. 91. New names
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Johann Peter Frank (1745-1821). Public health by decree
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3023: Clonal expansion of TP53 mutated cells is associated with chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Bowen Yan, Yi Qiu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Chemoresistance is a major burden for the treatment of many cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is a clonal disease and chemoresistant cells may either evolved from the expansion of a subclone of the primary clone or from the clone gained additional mutations during therapy. We have generated chemoresistant cell lines from AML patient sample derived cell lines, OCI-AML2 and MV4-11, to study the chemoresistant mechanism. Interestingly, we found that both established resistant lines have TP53 mutations (Y220C or R248W) but not in the parental cell lines by Sanger sequencing. However, high resolution sequencing result shows that residual TP53 mutation is present in both parental cell lines. These small population of cells with TP53 mutation was expanded under the selection by chemotherapy and eventually became a dominant clone in chemoresistant lines. TCGA AML patient sample sequencing data also shows, there’re around 3% of patients have residual TP53 mutation reads. However, since the reads are low, these patients are considered TP53 wild type conventionally. Importantly, these patients have worse outcome of survival as compared to the TP53 wild type patients, indicating the residual TP53 mutation may play an important role on chemoresistance in patients. Consistent with TP53 mutation in chemoresistant cells, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) from RNA-seq data shows p53 target genes are repressed in resistant cells. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 is one of p53 target genes and is down regulated in chemoresistant cells. Knocking down of p21 in parental cells increased cell chemoresistance, indicating p21 gene repression contributes to chemoresistance. Data from TCGA also shows patients with lower p21 expression have worse outcome of survival. In chemoresistant cell line, there is reduced p53 recruitment at p21 promoter, leading to failure of p21 activation. The epigenetic drug Romidepsin can elevate histone acetylation at p21 promoter region, reactivates p21 gene expression and induces cell death. Furthermore, GSEA from RNA-seq data shows Romidepsin can reactivate genes that repressed by p53 mutation. Our data indicate that TP53 mutation is directly linked to chemoresistance. Residual TP53 mutation in patients was neglected previously, however, it can be an important driver for clonal evolution and chemoresistance in AML. In addition, epigenetic drug Romidepsin can be a potential therapeutic drug to prevent chemoresistance development especially for patients with TP53 mutation or residual TP53 mutation. Citation Format: Bowen Yan, Yi Qiu. Clonal expansion of TP53 mutated cells is associated with chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3023.
The influence of a maternal chronic hepatitis B virus infection on the repertoire of transcribed T-cell receptor beta chain variable region genes in human cord blood
Authors: William G. H. Abbott, Arie Geursen, John D. Fraser, John Marbrook, Margot A. Skinner, Paul L. J. Tan
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We used an anchor polymerase chain reaction method to compare the repertoires of transcribed T-cell receptor β chain variable region (Vβ) genes in cord blood T cells from neonates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive (n = 40) and HBsAg negative (n = 40) women. Fifteen of the HBsAg positive women were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive, and 25 were HBeAg negative. The percentage of Vβ.4 transcripts was lower in cord blood T cells from neonates of HBsAg-positive relative to HBsAg-negative women (9.7% ± 0.5% vs. 12.7% ± 0.6%, P = .002). The percent of Vβ5.1 transcripts was higher in cord blood T cells from neonates of HBeAg-positive relative to HBeAg-negative women (9.3% ± 0.7% vs. 7.0% ± 0.3%, P &lt; .001). There were no correlations between neonatal maturity at birth and Vβ repertoire. In summary, a maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with changes in the repertoire of transcribed T-cell receptor genes in neonatal cord blood T cells. It is possible that the T-cell response to the HBV is associated with a limited repertoire of Vβ genes. The mechanism of vertical chronic HBV infection in human neonates may involve changes in the T-cell response to the virus that are induced in utero . (Hepatology 1995; 22:1034-1039.).
Investigators eye ways to preserve vision
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NEWS FROM GERMANY
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Declining prevalence of anemia among low-income children in the United States
Authors: R. Yip
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To determine the anemia trends among low-income US children, hematologic measurements obtained from children aged 6 to 60 months who were enrolled in public health programs in six states that were consistently monitored by the Centers for Disease Control Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System were studied. Overall, the prevalence of anemia has declined steadily from 7.8% in 1975 to 2.9% in 1985. The prevalence of anemia declined significantly among children seen at preenrollment screening visits, as well as those seen at follow-up visits, suggesting a generalized improvement in childhood iron nutritional status in the United States, as well as a positive impact of public health programs. To ensure that the declining trend of anemia was not a function of a change in the population of children enrolled in the surveillance system, Tennessee nutrition surveillance records were further analyzed; these records were linked with birth records to obtain detailed socioeconomic status (SES) information. Even though the SES composition remained stable from 1975 to 1984, the prevalence of anemia has declined significantly within each SES group. These findings indicate a true decline in the prevalence of anemia among low-income children that is likely the result of improvements in childhood iron nutrition. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:1619-1623)
Critical Care Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Societies.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Air Pollution and Human Health: A Review and Reanalysis
Authors: L. A. Thibodeau, R. B. Reed, Yvonne M. M. Bishop, L. A. Kammerman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

Since 1970, Lave and Seskin have published a series of articles dealing with the question, "Does air pollution shorten lives?" Their recent book reports revised and extended analyses of their previous studies emphasizing policy implications. We have undertaken a review of Lave and Seskin's book to evaluate the methodology used and hence gain some insight into the strength of the conclusions reached. This review concentrates on methodology and its application to establishing and quantifying the association between air quality and health. Beyond simply reviewing the analyses reported in Lave and Seskin's book, we have duplicated and expanded two of the reported analyses. Our detailed reanalysis is presented both to verify reported results, and to illustrate the difficulties encountered in such an analysis. Our overall conclusion is that Lave and Seskin have done a thorouth job of reporting and interpreting the various analyses that they performed. Lave and Seskin have made a pioneering effort in showing an association between mortality rates and air pollution. We do not disagree with the conclusion of the existence of an association but have some reservations about their methods of estimating its magnitude. We were particularly concerned that Lave and Seskin did not fully investigate how well their models fit these data. Our reanalysis results in estimated effects which differ considerably from the values reported by Lave and Seskin. Thus, we conclude that the regression coefficients are quite unstable and so must be used with care. Assessing the relative costs and benefits of reducing air pollution without extensive sensitivity analysis could, therefore, be misleading.
Which Way Out: Stories Based on the Experience of a Psychiatrist
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The clinical use of sodium fluoride F 18 in bone photoscanning
Authors: N. F. Moon
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Thirty-eight patients were given 350μc to 750μc of sodium fluoride F 18. The nuclide was administered both orally and parenterally. Photoscans were performed in 35 cases, and point counts only were done in the other three. Diagnostic scans were found at all dosage levels given. Normal scans were found in cases of osteochondroma, soft-tissue sarcomas, rheumatoid spondylitis, Engelmann's disease, and aseptic necrosis of femoral heads. Abnormal scans were found in 25 cases including four cases of metastatic bone tumors in which roentgenograms were either normal or equivocal. The radionuclide has been found to be well tolerated. The radiation hazard with sodium fluoride F 18 is minimal, and serial scans have been performed successfully in several patients.
Second cancer of the colon.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

A comprehensive Birth Control Plan for Britain, published' this week by the Birth Control Campaign,2 de- serves doctors' support, since its reasonable suggestions for a national family planning service are backed up by clear and unemotional argument.The plan urges that advantage should be taken of the re- organization of the N.H.S., planned for 1974, to include full birth control services in the new structure.Senior staff at the Department of Health and on regional health authori- ties should have birth control among their named respon- sibilities, says the plan, and birth control clinics should be set up by every area authority.The key figures would be 90 or so area health authority birth control officers, who would co-ordinate the activities of general practitioners, hos- pitals, health visitors, and social workers.The realistic tone of the proposals is shown by the suggestion that general practitioners should be compensated for their loss of income from prescriptions for the pill by a regular payment from the Department to those prepared to give contraceptive ad- vice and to keep up to date by attending periodic refresher courses.Whatever the merits of the mathematical arguments about population trends, no one would dispute that unwanted children are often unhappy and underprivileged.The plan stresses as its primary aim reduction in the 300,000 un- wanted pregnancies in Britain each year, most of which end either in abortion or in the birth of an unwanted child.The Birth Control Campaign estimates the cost of provision of free contraception to all who want it at about £20 million a year.Compared with the cost to society of coping with the medical and social problems created by unintentional conception this would be an excellent bargain.
The RNA editing enzyme APOBEC1 induces somatic mutations and a compatible mutational signature is present in esophageal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Giulia Saraconi, Francesco Severi, Cesare Sala, Giorgio Mattiuz, Silvestro G Conticello
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Abstract Background The AID/APOBECs are deaminases that act on cytosines in a diverse set of pathways and some of them have been linked to the onset of genetic alterations in cancer. Among them, APOBEC1 is the only family member to physiologically target RNA, as the catalytic subunit in the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing complex. APOBEC1 has been linked to cancer development in mice but its oncogenic mechanisms are not yet well understood. Results We analyze whether expression of APOBEC1 induces a mutator phenotype in vertebrate cells, likely through direct targeting of genomic DNA. We show its ability to increase the inactivation of a stably inserted reporter gene in a chicken cell line that lacks any other AID/APOBEC proteins, and to increase the number of imatinib-resistant clones in a human cellular model for chronic myeloid leukemia through induction of mutations in the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Moreover, we find the presence of an AID/APOBEC mutational signature in esophageal adenocarcinomas, a type of tumor where APOBEC1 is expressed, that mimics the one preferred by APOBEC1 in vitro . Conclusions Our findings suggest that the ability of APOBEC1 to trigger genetic alterations represents a major layer in its oncogenic potential. Such APOBEC1-induced mutator phenotypes could play a role in the onset of esophageal adenocarcinomas. APOBEC1 could be involved in cancer promotion at the very early stages of carcinogenesis, as it is highly expressed in Barrett's esophagus, a condition often associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Interest of the in situ hybridization after reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR-ISH) for HCV RNA detection in liver of interferon ? treated patients with chronic hepatitis C comparison with PCR in serum . Department of Pathology Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Department of Pathology and Hepatology Beaujon Hospital, INSERM U24, and INSERM U13, Paris, France
Journal: Hepatology (1995)
The epidemiology of tuberculosis in physicians
Authors: E. Barrett-Connor
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The incidence of tuberculosis in physicians was determined by mailed questionnaire. Since 1950 tuberculosis infection preceding entry into medical school has decreased by 73%; at the same time, infection after beginning medical school decreased by 78%. Tuberculin conversion rates among recent graduates exceeded 1% per year, and age-specific infection rates among physicians were at least twice the US average. Tuberculosis developed in nearly one in ten physicians infected after medical school entry; in two thirds, disease preceded or coincided with recognized tuberculin positivity. No tuberculosis occurred in physicians who used isoniazid chemoprophylaxis, but two thirds of tuberculin-negative physicians did not have annual skin tests, 56% of known recent converters used no chemoprophylaxis, and 25% of those initiating isoniazid prophylaxis did not complete a 12-month course. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine recipients had 80% less tuberculosis than unimmunized physicians infected after beginning medical school. (<i>JAMA</i>241:33-38, 1979)
Physicians' needs and interests in continuing medical education
Authors: C. H. Castle
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To improve the quality of patient care, continuing medical education must be oriented to the individual physician's practice and must be related to his particular interests and needs. All physicians are interested in learning when they have a need to know and when they are able to get help on their own terms. They want to become more efficient in their practices as well as to learn how to practice better. We know very little about the practical educational needs of the practicing physician and there are few instruments available to assist us or him in diagnosing his needs. Even if he manages to diagnose his own needs, few opportunities exist for him to express them. It is also true that on their own, individuals tend not to express precisely what they need, but rather their interests. A first step, therefore, would seem to be to engage physicians in a