tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Allergy
Authors: Walter S. Burrage, J. Evarts Greene, Leo B. Burgin, Irving H. Itkin, Harold S. Novey, Joseph Engler, John W. Irwin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

ALLERGY is a word with many connotations. Approaches to its manifestations are multiple. It is hoped that the reader will be influenced by Florey,1 who wrote in his first lecture on general pathology: "What do the observations, of whatever nature, that I make tell me about the disease process from which my patient is suffering? Never be intellectually satisfied with a diagnosis or a label." He advises all to amass data by observations and experiment, to amplify some points and to reject unworthy evidence. Such work by many will lead to the establishment of valid conclusions. Not everyone needs to . . .
PTH-020 Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: why do patients die?
Authors: V Jairath, R Logan, S Hearnshaw, S Travis, M Murphy, K Palmer
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Despite advances in endoscopic haemostasis and pharmacological therapy, the mortality of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (AUGIB) in the UK remains high at 10%, increasing up to 26% for in-patient bleeds.1 Although achieving successful haemostasis is a key treatment goal, focusing management on prevention of secondary complications and comorbid illnesses may serve to reduce the mortality burden of the disease. We aimed to determine the specific cause of death in a large prospective UK audit of patients presenting with AUGIB. <h3>Methods</h3> Analysis was performed on 6750 patients included in the 2007 UK Comparative Audit of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and the Use of Blood.1 In this study prospective data were collected electronically on consecutive patients presenting to 208 UK hospitals with AUGIB between 1 May and 30 June 2007. In all patients whom died, clinicians were asked to comment whether they thought the death was due to haemorrhage or a related cause. In a separate question, they were then asked to list the mode of death, as listed as “Part 1A” on the patient9s death certificate. <h3>Results</h3> Of 6750 patients included in the final analysis, 675 (10%) died. Of the 675 patients who died, in 227 (33.6%) the clinician thought death was a direct result of gastrointestinal bleeding and in 448 (66.4%) it was from another cause. In terms of the mode of death as listed as “Part 1A” on the patient9s death certificate, complete information was available for 474/675 (70.2%) patients. The majority of deaths (74%, 351/474) were non-bleeding related. The most common modes of death reported were respiratory failure, terminal malignancy, septicaemia and cardiac failure. The majority of patients who died from haemorrhage were acute admissions (66%, 81/123). There was no significant difference in the mean age of those who died as a direct result of bleeding, compared with those who died from another cause (73.8±15.9 vs 75.8±14.9). Similarly there was no significant difference in use of NSAIDS in those who died of a bleeding (7.5%) vs non-bleeding cause (6.5%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The majority of patients admitted with AUGIB did not die from further bleeding, but rather from another cause. Improving the outcome of AUGIB will require optimisation of treatment to reduce the risk of cardio-respiratory complications, sepsis and multi-organ failure rather than focusing only on achieving successful endoscopic haemostasis.
Sublingual Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Trial (CoFAR)
Authors: D.M. Fleischer, R.A. Wood, S.M. Jones, S.H. Sicherer, A.H. Liu, D. Stablein, A. Henning, L. Mayer, R. Lindblad, H.A. Sampson, A.W. Burks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Medical News
Journal: BMJ (1958)

S2 WEEKSWeek Ending November 1 The largest fluctuations in the notifications of infectious diseases in England and Wales during the week ending November 1 were increases of 782 for measles, from 4,232 to 5,014, 86 for scarlet fever, from 803 to 889, 53 for acute pneumonia, from 263 to 316, 43 for whooping-cough, from 594 to 637, and 26 for dysentery, from 525 to 551.The largest rises in the incidence of measles were 155 in Yorkshire West Riding, from 461 to 616 (Halifax C.B. 167), 106 in Yorkshire East Riding, from 195 to 301 (Kingstonupon-Hull C.B. 263), 88 in Lincolnshire, from 165 to 253 (Scunthorpe M.B. 83), 87 in Surrey, from 60 to 147, 82 in Middlesex, from 200 to 282, and 79 in Sussex, from 82 to 161 ; the largest falls were 68 in Caernarvonshire, from 134 to 66, 56 in Devonshire, from 169 to 113, and 49 in Hampshire, from 101 to 52.Only small changes in trend were reported in the local,areas for scarlet fever and whooping- cough.6 cases of diphtheria were notified, being 2 more than in the preceding week; 3 of these cases were notified in London.The notifications of acute poliomyelitis numbered 79 and were 8 fewer for paralytic and 12 more for non-paralytic cases than in the preceding week.The largest returns were Lancashire 19 (Manchester C.B. 9), Yorkshire West Riding 12 (Nidderdale R.D. 6), Durham 5 (Sunderland C.B. 2), Hampshire 5 (Southampton C.B. 2), London 5.The chief centres of infection for dysentery were York- shire West Riding 100 (Leeds C.B. 44), Lancashire 53 (Liver- pool C.B. 20), Glamorganshire 52 (Cardiff R.D. 22, Barry M.B. 12), London 46 (Islington 10, Wandsworth 10), Northumberland 32 (Newbiggin-by-the-Sea U.D. 19), Warwickshire 25 (Coventry C.B. 16); Essex 24 (Walthamstow M.B. 14), Hampshire 23 (Southampton C.B. 18), and Durham 22.Dr. PH. TUrrNAUER'S imaginative " Boats at Rest.
Transrectal ultrasonography: is it ready for routine use?
Authors: G. W. Chodak
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The use of transrectal ultrasonography in prostatic cancer has received considerable attention recently, and it has been surrounded by substantial controversy. In this issue ofTHE JOURNAL, the role of transrectal ultrasonography in clinical practice has been addressed by surveying experts who constitute a specialty subgroup of the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Assessment (DATTA) panel of the American Medical Association.<sup>1</sup>Their consensus is that transrectal sonography is a safe method for evaluating the prostate gland, but most of its uses are still investigational. See also p 2757. The most controversial role for this modality is to screen for prostate cancer. The DATTA report indicates that both the sensitivity and specificity of transrectal ultrasound are too low for it to be used as a screening test at this time. Recently, however, the controversy has increased as investigators have shown that transrectal ultrasonography can detect nonpalpable, potentially curable tumors.<sup>2,3</sup>At
The Etiology of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy: Still More Questions than Answers
Authors: Calin A. Tatu, William H. Orem, Robert B. Finkelman, Gerald L. Feder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

One hundred ninety-two workers in a German pesticide factory who were exposed to polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PCDD/PCDF) were investigated for former and present diseases and laboratory changes of the immune system. Moreover, in a subgroup of 29 highly exposed and 28 control persons, proliferation studies were performed. In addition to assays such as blood count, immunoglobulins, serum electrophoresis, monoclonal bands, surface markers, autoantibodies, and lymphocyte proliferation, two new methods, the rise of tetanus antibody concentration after vaccination and the in vitro resistance of lymphocytes to chromate, were used to diagnose the morphologic and functional state of the immune system. There was no stringent correlation of actual PCDD/PCDF concentrations with the occurrence of infections or with one of the immune parameters. In addition, outcomes of the tetanus vaccination and the chromate resistance test were not correlated with PCDD/PCDF. However, the chromate resistance of lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin of highly exposed persons was significantly lower than that for the control group. These findings indicate that the function of lymphocytes can be stressed and possibly impaired by high exposure to PCDD/PCDF.
Tamoxifen and thromboembolism
Authors: A. Hendrick
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We question the safety of using tamoxifen citrate for patients with a known predisposition to thrombosis. This antiestrogen has been shown to be an effective hormonal agent in metastatic breast cancer, and so far, few serious side effects have been associated with its use. However, deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli have occurred in patients taking tamoxifen,<sup>1-3</sup>and it is possible that this could be related to its paradoxical estrogenic effects. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 72-year-old woman with metastatic pleural effusion and bone disease from breast cancer showed development of occlusion of the right brachial and ulnar arteries while she was receiving chemotherapy. A successful thromboembolectomy was performed. There was no obvious cardiac cause of embolism. A year later her disease progressed despite changes in chemotherapy. Estrogen receptor status was unknown. Tamoxifen citrate therapy, 10 mg twice daily, was started but was discontinued after a month
Immunological Diseases
Authors: David H. Katz
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This two-volume edition brings together an outstanding collection of contributors who present, for the most part, concise and easily comprehensible discussions of their assigned topics. The volumes are written, it seems, with the practicing clinical immunologist in mind, as well as basic researchers who want or need a handy composite of immunologic aspects of various disease states. In addition, it is obviously a valuable resource for graduate students interested in concentrating in the field of immunology or physicians in postdoctoral training with career aspirations in the field. If this was, indeed, the intended audience, the volumes are an outstanding success. Thus, that part of the first volume that deals with basic immunology presents the subject in a thorough and readily understandable manner for the clinical immunologist who is unable to think deeply about these things on a day to day basis or who is unable to keep up with the
Hepatic steatosis in an adult population: stronger correlation with the presence of obesity and insulin resistence than with the dietary pattern. Results from a cross-sectional study
Authors: J.A.M.C.P. Leitao, J. Cochicho, S. Carvalhana, F. Velasco, A.P. Silva, I.S. Medeiros, A.C. Alves, M. Bourbon, B. Oliveiros, V. Rodrigues, A. Carvalho, H. Cortez-Pinto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
COMMERCIALISM AND DRUG ADULTERATION.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluating Floyd's Effect on Health in Eastern North Carolina
Authors: Susan M. Booker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Since the now-famous storm of September 1999, the name "Floyd" has taken on new associations for many people in eastern North Carolina: devastation and environmental catastrophe. On 12 November 1999, representatives from state and federal agencies and local universities met on the NIEHS campus in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, to discuss the environmental health implications of the floods following Hurricane Floyd. In addition to determining the potential long-term human health and ecological problems, participants hoped to develop strategies, collaborations, and partnerships to be used in the restoration of eastern North Carolina.
Marriages.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE OSTEOPATH'S GOAL.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Routine use of the prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times
Authors: S. B. Erban
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) tests are often routinely ordered for hospitalized patients. Ordering patterns and clinical indications for the PT and APTT tests on the medical service at a teaching hospital were studied. Eighty-one percent of all patients admitted to the medical service had a PT and APTT test ordered. When compared with a modified version of guidelines for the use of the PT and APTT tests recently developed by the Medical Necessity Project of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Associations of America and endorsed by the American College of Physicians, at least 70% of these tests were not clinically indicated. Many of the unindicated tests were ordered prior to invasive procedures or, apparently, out of habit. These inappropriate PT and APTT tests cost at least $60 948 per year for the medical service. Based on these findings, we suggest methods of reducing the inappropriate use of the PT and APTT tests. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:2428-2432)
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) in older women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)
Authors: W. P. Tew, R. O'Cearbhaill, Q. Zhou, H. Thaler, J. Konner, M. L. Hensley, P. Sabbatini, D. Spriggs, C. Aghajanian, S. M. Lichtman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5541 Background: Over half of patients (pts) diagnosed with EOC are ≥ 65 yrs of age. GOG 172 showed a significant survival advantage with post-operative IPC in all women with newly diagnosed stage III EOC, regardless of age. Toxicity can be significant and there is limited data for pts ≥ 65 yrs. Methods: A descriptive intention-to-treat analysis of pts ≥ 65yrs treated with IPC for EOC at our center from 1994–2008. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to detail toxicity (CTCAEv3.0), compliance and outcome. Results: 118 pts with a median age of 70 yrs (range 65–83), KPS 90% (range 70–90), and co-morbidities 2 (range 0–6) were treated with IPC: 27 pts (23%) as primary postoperative IPC (IV paclitaxel 135mg/m2 D1, IP cisplatin 75mg/m2 D2 &amp; IP paclitaxel 60mg/m2 D8) and 91 pts (77%) as consolidation (IP cisplatin regimen, alone or combined with IV paclitaxel or with IP gemcitabine). Median no. of cycles was 3 (range 0–7) with 55% pts completed total no. planned. 18% were switched to IV treatment. 14% had treatment delays. 32% required dose reductions, 22% at cycle 1. Toxicities included: 32% had IP port complications, 42% functional decline, 43% new ≥ Gr1 neuropathy (4% Gr3), 12% Gr2 hearing impairment, 60% ≥ Gr1 nausea/vomiting (4% Gr3), 57% ≥ Gr1 diarrhea/constipation (0% Gr3), 37% ≥ Gr1 abdominal pain (2% Gr3). For evaluable pts, 78% had ≥ Gr1 electrolyte disturbance (5% Gr3–4), 71% ≥ Gr1 nephrotoxicity (5% Gr2; 1% Gr3), 20% ≥ Gr2 neutropenia (6%Gr3; 3% Gr4). Ca125 normalized in 90% (pts with elevated baseline Ca125). Kaplan-Meier estimated median PFI was 1.2yrs (95% CI: 1–1.6yrs). Conclusions: Rate of completed full IPC cycles and toxicity is similar to published data. IPC can be safely administered in pts ≥ 65yrs with adequate support and dose modifications. Older patients must be adequately represented in future prospective trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Assay of hepatitis B virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction and its relationship to pre-S- and S-encoded viral surface antigens
Authors: G Gerken
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The polymerase chain reaction was evaluated as a diagnostic tool in 72 chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. Hepatitis B virus DNA was detectable in the serum of HBsAg—positive virus carriers using aliquots as small as 100 al. The detection limit for cloned hepatitis B virus DNA was 100 ag. Primer pairs for different regions of the HBV genome resulted in different sensitivity. Detection of the amplified hepatitis B virus DNA by Southern blotting and subsequent scintillation counting or densitometry allowed a semiquantitative assay. Using several primer pairs in parallel for optimal detection, all HBeAg-positive HBsAg carriers, 80% of HBe antibody—positive symptomatic HBsAg carriers and 57% of asymptomatic HBe antibody—positive HBsAg carriers were found to have hepatitis B virus DNA in the serum. During antiviral therapy hepatitis B virus DNA disappeared by the polymerase chain reaction assay in patients who became HBeAg negative, but polymerase chain reaction detected a relapse earlier than did the conventional dot blot. Pre-S antigens were assayed in serum and liver samples from most chronic carriers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and/or immunoblot. Although most viremic carriers were strongly positive for pre-S1 and pre-S2 antigens, some hepatitis B virus DNA—positive HBsAg carriers did not have detectable pre-S antigens, and vice versa. Our data show that assay of hepatitis B virus DNA in the serum by polymerase chain reaction is by far more proficient than by dot blot and that it cannot be replaced by serological assays of HBeAg or pre-S antigen. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:158–166).
Macroglobulins in rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. Their dissociation and differentiation
Authors: N. Svartz
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A report of our earlier studies of the rheumatoid factor (RF) was published in this Journal.<sup>1</sup>In the present paper we want to refer to our investigations by means of zone electrophoresis in 1954 to 1955.<sup>2 -5</sup>We found that the RF followed the fast migrating γ-globulins, to which group the γ-macroglobulins belong. But it was not until December 1956 that the opportunity arose to determine the sedimentation coefficient of the RF. This was done first at the Nobel Institute of Biochemistry (Hugo Theorell), and later in cooperation with S. Hedman at the Gustaf V Research Institute. Our investigations have shown that the sedimentation coefficient of the RF lies mostly between 18.2 and 18.8 S<sub>20W</sub>(Svedberg units). As reported in previous publications, the RF has been isolated in pure form by a special procedure (see below). As criteria of purity, the requirements have been that only one
Erratum
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Jason W. Busse, Victor M. Montori, Catherine Krasnik, Irene Patelis-Siotis, Gordon H. Guyatt, F. Leichsenring, J. Hoyer, M. Beutel, S. Herpertz, W. Hiller, E. Irle, P. Joraschky, H.H. König, T.M. de Liz, B. Nolting, K. Pöhlmann, S. Salzer, H. Schauenburg, U. Stangier, B. Strauss, C. Subic-Wrana, S. Vormfelde, G. Weniger, Lana J. Williams, Julie A. Pasco, Felice N. Jacka, Margaret J. Henry, Seetal Dodd, Michael Berk, Anna Bartak, Marieke D. Spreeuwenberg, Helene Andrea, Jan J.V. Busschbach, Marcel A. Croon, Paul M.G. Emmelkamp, Theo Stijnen, Roel Verheul, Michael W. Otto, Shawnee L. Basden, R. Kathryn McHugh, Kathleen M. Kantak, Thilo Deckersbach, Corinne Cather, Donald C. Goff, Stefan G. Hofmann, Angela C. Berry, Jasper A.J. Smits, Franco Benazzi, Willem Kuyken, Dimitrios Tsivrikos, Eftychia Athanassiadou, John Tsiantis, Stelios Christogiorgos, Gerasimos Kolaitis, U. Willutzki, J. Wiltink, E. Leibing, A.J. Russell, D. Mataix-Cols, M.A.W. Anson, D.G.M. Murphy
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)
Intensive glycaemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomised clinical trials
Journal: BMJ (2012)

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