tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3506: Cost Effectiveness of Adding PCI to Optimal Medical Therapy in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Economic Outcomes from the COURAGE Trial
Authors: William S Weintraub, Ron Goeree, Zefeng Zhang, Koon Teo, Paul Kolm, John A Spertus, David Maron, Robert O’Rourke, Pamela Hartigan, Steven Culler, Edmund Becker, William E Boden, Paul G Barnett
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The main results of COURAGE showed no differences in all-cause mortality or non-fatal MI (primary endpoint), the composite of death, MI or stroke, or hospitalization for ACS (secondary endpoints) during 4.6 year median follow-up in the 2,287 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) randomized to optimal medical therapy (OMT) with or without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There was a benefit to PCI in quality of life measured with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire. This study focuses on cost-effectiveness of PCI. Methods: Resource utilization including initial and follow-up hospitalizations were assigned a DRG and then costs assigned from Medicare reimbursement. Medication costs were assessed from Redbook average wholesale price. Survival was estimated for patients from Framingham data. Survival was quality adjusted from utility measured by standard gamble. Cost and outcome were discounted 3%. Costs after the trial period are Medicare average costs. Cost-effectiveness is expressed as an incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER), of cost per life year (LY) or quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The distribution of the ICER was assessed by bootstrap. Results: The added cost of PCI is approximately $10,000, without significant gain in LY or QALYs. The ICER varied from just over $150,000 to just under $300,000 per LY or QALY gained with PCI. A large minority of the distributions of the ICERs found PCI to be dominated by OMT, that is OMT offering better outcome at lower cost. Conclusions: The addition of PCI to OMT as an initial management strategy costs significantly more without offering an advantage in survival or QALYs. The ICER is high compared to conventional benchmarks, and the distribution includes infinity and low probability of being below $50,000/QALY gained. PCI in addition to OMT is not a cost-effective initial management strategy for symptomatic, chronic coronary artery disease.
Novel Diagnostic Assays for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Adam Cuker, Ann H Rux, Jillian L Hinds, May Dela Cruz, Serge Yarovoi, Wei Yang, Barbara A. Konkle, Gowthami M Arepally, Steve P Watson, Douglas B. Cines, Bruce S Sachais
Journal: Blood (2012)
Pertussis—United States, January 1992-June 1995
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Pertussis was a major cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and children in the United States during the prevaccine era (i.e., before the mid-1940s). Since pertussis became a nationally reportable disease in 1922, the highest number of pertussis cases (approximately 260,000) was reported in 1934; the highest number of pertussis-related deaths (approximately 9000) occurred in 1923. Following the licensure of whole-cell pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTP) in 1949 and the widespread use of DTP among infants and children, the incidence of reported pertussis declined to a historical low of 1010 cases in 1976 (Figure 1). However, since the early 1980s, reported pertussis incidence has increased cyclically with peaks occurring in 1983, 1986, 1990, and 1993 (1-3). This report summarizes national surveillance data for pertussis from January 1992 through June 1995 from CDC's National Public Health Surveillance System (NPHSS) and Supplementary Pertussis Surveillance System (SPSS) and assesses the effectiveness of pertussis vaccination in the United States during this period using vaccination coverage data from CDC's National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).
CDC plays cat-and-mouse with flu virus
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1990)

AN INTERNATIONAL network of laboratories, coupled with a multifaceted surveillance program in the United States, is helping the CDC anticipate next year's dominant influenza virus strains in time for pharmaceutical firms to make an effective vaccine. The pharmaceutical companies' lengthy vaccine-manufacturing process mandates that researchers decide which strains should be included in the following year's vaccine while the nation still is in the midst of the current year's flu season. By mid-February, experts from the CDC and Food and Drug Administration provide their data to the Food and Drug Administration's vaccine advisory panel that makes the final recommendations for the US vaccine. The World Health Organization (WHO), an autonomous unit within the United Nations system with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, usually echoes these recommendations, based on CDC data as well as data collected by Mill Hill in London, the other WHO influenza collaborating center. Although the recommendations still harbor an
US Isn't Very Heart Healthy
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Gulstonian Lectures on Epilepsy
Authors: W. R. Gowers
Journal: BMJ (1880)

TIHE last question is, 5' §ttis'the naure of the tissue-changee?Ca we form any opin'ion as to the 'hharacterd th'e alteration in the grey matter which permits its sudden,, explosive discharge,?-This prQbl:em is essen- tially the same, whatever theory qf.lepsy is; adopted.The violent muscular contractions suggest a corresponding overaction of the nerve- cells; and it has seemed to some, as Dr. Hughlings Jackson, that such repeated overactipq-4n ,h4rdly A) cther, tlhn-an indi6atios of increased functional a`i$t'-oihcreas`, if ns1,' snutridon.On the other hand, others, and foremost among them is Dr. Radcliffe, have main- tained that the gesseralltcoditiotsh of epileptic-and the phenomena of epilepsy snggtst ih*h(rtei of fundlobhal! p6weti,'and thatla symptom so abnormal as n.ep4ijptic fitcan hardly result -from normal nutrition, to whatever excess it may be carried.Modern physioIg tethes s f,Itnk, iwatdirection an answer is to be soi;ght It is nleessc y, 'in the first place, to avoid too direct an inference from the outward manifestation to the internal process.No one probably now imagines -that.the nerve-force, which sets a muscle into action, forms.part of the force liberated by the muscle; and, al- though the two are no doubt proportioned, the difference bqt.ween .themmaybe as great as .between.theenergy liberated by an electrical spark and by a charge of gunpowder which it fires.We,,may easily overrate the amount of nerve-force needed.tocause violent muscular action, and may
The 'bone within a bone'
Authors: D. H. Frager
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The appearance of a miniature vertebral body that conforms in its contours to its larger host is no mere radiological curiosity, but a sign of significant alteration in bone growth. The same importance may be attached to such an appearance in the innominate bones and the round bones of the carpus and tarsus.<sup>1</sup> Usually, the "bone within a bone" appearance in the spine results from a previous severe systemic illness or intermittent chronic disease (Figs 1 and 2). The analogous finding in the faster-growing long bones (ie, the transverse metaphyseal lines of Park and Harris) are much more commonly observed but less important. Nonetheless, the pathological findings are identical in the spine, long bones, and innominate bones. Osteoblasts form a thin, transversely oriented bony template on the underside of the zone of proliferative cartilage that has stopped growing during the period of stress or illness. With recovery, chondroblastic and
CFC transition
Authors: A WOODCOCK
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Methods by which patients can artificially produce raised peak flow measurements have been described.We recently observed a patient manipulating the peak flow meter in a way that had not been described before.A study was therefore undertaken to determine if this technique could repeatedly produce clinically significant changes in peak flow readings.Fifteen adults, using a mini-Wright peak flow meter, made five measurements using the correct technique followed by five manipulated measurements under observation.Significant increases in peak flow measurements were observed in 14 of the 15 subjects.The mean increase in peak flow rate using the incorrect technique was 56% (range -4% to 86%).Clinicians should be aware that patients might employ this technique to manipulate measurements which could have consequences for management.
Bone Marrow Transplantation for Children Less Than 2 Years of Age With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Ann E. Woolfrey, Ted A. Gooley, Eric L. Sievers, Laurie A. Milner, Robert G. Andrews, Mark Walters, Paul Hoffmeister, John A. Hansen, Claudio Anasetti, Eileen Bryant, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Jean E. Sanders
Journal: Blood (1998)
Defining the directionality and quality of influenza virus–specific CD8+ T cell cross-reactivity in individuals infected with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Victoria Kasprowicz, Scott M. Ward, Alison Turner, Alexandros Grammatikos, Brian E. Nolan, Lia Lewis-Ximenez, Charles Sharp, Jenny Woodruff, Vicki M. Fleming, Stuart Sims, Bruce D. Walker, Andrew K. Sewell, Georg M. Lauer, Paul Klenerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)
Gallstones: A Therapeutic Dilemma
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survival outcomes based on race in gastric carcinoma: A SEER database analysis.
Authors: N. Didwaniya, R. J. Edmonds, P. T. Silberstein, S. Subbiah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e14625 Background: Gastric cancer is one of the leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Although the incidence is declining, prognosis still remains poor. Variable survival has been reported among different races. We analyzed the effect of race on patterns of disease presentation and survival using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Methods: A total of 8,851 patients with primary gastric cancer were identified from SEER database between 2004-2007. Sex, age of diagnosis, cancer specific survival, stage, grade, histology, site, treatment modality used was collected for three races-White, Black and Asian/pacific islander. Subsequently univariate and mutivariate analysis was conducted. Results: Out of 8,851, 6,367 were Caucasians (CA), 1,199 were Blacks (AA) and 1285 were Asians (API). Median age of presentation was 73, 70 and 71 y in CA, AA and API respectively. 58.8% CA, 59.5% AA and 54.2% of API were males. 81.8% of both CA and AA; 81.5% of API had adenocarcinoma. 14.1% of CA, 13.5% of AA and 19% of API took radiation. 30.3% of CA, 31.5% of AA and 39.5% of API underwent surgery. Median survival was 4 months in both AA and CA and 5 months in API. On mutivariate analysis API race was found to be an independent predictor of better survival. Stage specific survival was calculated grouping both AA and CA as non-Asians (NAPI) versus Asians (API). Mean survival in localized disease was significantly better in API (9.4 months) as compared to NAPI (7.1 months). Mean survival in regional disease was significantly better in API (10 months) as compared to NAI (8 months). However, in distant disease mean survival was equally poor in both the groups (3 months). Conclusions: API race is an independent predictor of better survival in gastric cancer. APIs presented at a younger age, with advanced disease, more distant lesions and also utilized surgery and radiation more than non-asians. Exposure, genetics and tumor surveillance can be potential causes and this needs to be investigated with randomized control trials.
Dissolution of a Clot Studied by Cinephotomicrography
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Economics and efficacy in choosing oral anticoagulants or aspirin after myocardial infarction
Authors: J. A. Cairns
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Long-term antithrombotic therapy with oral anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents for survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is widely prescribed and has been evaluated in many clinical trials.<sup>1</sup>An overview in 1970<sup>2</sup>suggested a modest benefit of anticoagulation therapy, but—although oral anticoagulants have been widely used in some European countries—their use in North America is limited. More recently, the Sixty Plus,<sup>3</sup>Warfarin Re-infarct Study,<sup>4</sup>and the Anticoagulants in the Secondary Prevention of Events in Coronary Thrombosis (ASPECT)<sup>5</sup>trials have all shown statistically significant reductions of clinically important vascular outcomes by anticoagulant treatment compared with placebo. See also p 925. In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, van Bergen et al<sup>6</sup>report on an economic analysis of anticoagulant treatment in the Netherlands that exemplifies the rather unusual win-win situation of increased efficacy and reduced cost. The ASPECT study randomized 3404 patients within 6 weeks of their AMIs to
Retention of Asbestos Fibers in the Human Body
Authors: A. Tossavainen, A. Karjalainen, P. J. Karhunen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The number, type, and size of retained asbestos fibers were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in lung tissues of 10 workers who had died from lung cancer or mesothelioma.The levels were 190-3000 x 1 Q6 fibers/g of dry tissue in three crocidolite sprayers, 6-39 x 1 06 fibers/g of dry tissue in two asbestos product workers and 13-280 x 1 Q6 fibers/g of dry tissue in five insulators exposed to anthophyllite.The duration of past exposure corresponding to the limit of 1 million fibers/g of dry tissue was 1 to 2 days in spraying, 3 to 10 days at the production plant and 1 to 4 months in insulation work.No long-term clearance of amphibole fibers, >5 pm in length, could be demonstrated.In one of the sprayers the fiber concentrations of lung parenchyma, visceral and parietal pleura, hilar lymph nodes, and kidney cortex were orders of magnitude higher than in a series of unselected autopsies.The size and aspect ratio of crocidolite fibers in various tissues were similar, indicating that the translocation processes are rather unselective in respect to fiber dimensions.-
British Journal of Dermatology, London
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemiologic Research
Authors: Warren H. Gullen
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "A Model for Epidemiologic Research" by Doege and Gelfand (239:328, 1978) unfortunately tends to perpetuate a misconception about retrospective or case-control studies. The authors state, "For example, the frequently encountered case or case-control method has the important advantage of using limited but already available (retrospective) data that conserve the investigator's resources relatively well, yet carry the hazards of various known and unknown biases." This statement tends to confuse the time dimension with the strategy. Many, if not most, analytic case-control studies use data generated de novo rather than already extant. We may decide to interview patients with newly diagnosed cases of a disease as they come to a clinic for a stated period of time in the future (some may not even exist at the inception of the study). Data concerning these cases are compared with similar data from concurrently selected controls. This is
Outcome with the Hyper-CVAD and Imatinib Mesylate Regimen in Philadelphia (Ph) Positive Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL).
Authors: Deborah A. Thomas, Stefan Faderl, Jorge Cortes, Susan O’Brien, Francis Giles, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Steven Kornblau, Michael Andreeff, Miloslav Beran, Srdan Verstovsek, Sherry Pierce, Laurie Letvak, August Salvado, Richard Champlin, Hagop Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2005)
Nevus Flammeus
Authors: David W. Furnas
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In regard to the question concerning treatment of the strawberry nevus (<i>JAMA</i><b>181</b>:660 [Aug. 18] 1962), I agree with your advice but would like to make an additional point. If the second lesion were a nevus flammeus, as you speculated, it can be treated by intradermal injection of insoluble pigments, essentially a tattoo technique. I have treated a number of such lesions by this technique. In a large percentage a great deal of improvement is achieved; in a few our results are essentially perfect—that is, the lesion is completely camouflaged. If the bulk of the capillaries are either too deep or too superficial in the dermis, our results are unsatisfactory. My chief, Dr. Herbert Conway, has been performing this procedure for years and, as far as we can tell, the pigment holds up indefinitely in the usual case. Sometimes fading has been noted. Conway, "Tattooing of
Conflicts of Interest and Independent Data Analysis in Industry-Funded Studies
Authors: G. Molenberghs
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial Board
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)

Additional criteria apply.Please refer to protocol 14379-201 for full inclusion and exclusion criteria.† Patients can participate if they had some skin cancers, superficial bladder cancer (cancer that was only on the surface of the lining of the bladder), or carcinoma in situ (cancer that had not spread) of the cervix or breast that had been cured.HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Scale; RT, radiotherapy; SOC, standard of care; TMZ, temozolomide.
Oral rapamycin to inhibit restenosis after stenting of de novo coronary lesionsThe Oral Rapamune to Inhibit Restenosis (ORBIT) study
Authors: R WAKSMAN, A AJANI, A PICHARD, R TORGUSON, E PINNOW, D CANOS, L SATLER, K KENT, P KUCHULAKANTI, C PAPPAS
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)