tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
British Thoracic Society guidelines on diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Table 1 Levels of evidence and grading of recommendations 3 Level Type of evidence Ia Evidence obtained from meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Ib Evidence obtained from at least one randomised controlled trial IIa Evidence obtained from at least one well designed controlled study without randomisation IIb Evidence obtained from at least one other type of well designed quasi-experimental study III Evidence obtained from well designed non-experimental descriptive studies such as comparative studies, correlation studies, and case controlled studies IV Evidence obtained from expert committee reports of opinions and/or clinical experiences of respected authorities Grade Type of recommendations A (levels Ia, Ib) Requires at least one randomised controlled trial as part of a body of literature of overall good quality and consistency addressing the specific recommendation B (levels IIa, IIb, III) Requires availability of well conducted clinical studies but no randomised clinical trials on the topic of recommendation C (level IV) Requires evidence from expert committee reports or opinions and/or clinical experience of respected authorities.Indicates absence of directly applicable studies of good quality
Cigarette Smoking—Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1988
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1508: Primary tumors induce neutrophil extracellular traps with targetable metastasis promoting effects
Authors: Roni F. Rayes, Jack G. Mouhanna, Ioana Nicolau, Phil Vourtzoumis, Carson Wong, Jules Eustache, France Bourdeau, Betty Giannias, Aya Siblini, Emma Lee, Veena Sangwan, Simon Rousseau, Daniela Quail, Logan Walsh, Nicholas Bertos, Jonathan Cools-Lartigue, Lorenzo E. Ferri, Jonathan D. Spicer
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Targeting the dynamic tumor immune microenvironment can provide effective therapeutic strategies for cancer. Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMNs) are the predominant circulating leukocyte population in humans and are vital to fight infection. Despite mounting evidence that PMNs can promote tumor progression, depleting PMNs is not a viable therapeutic option. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular neutrophil DNA fibers that are capable of trapping tumor cells and promoting their growth and their metastasis. Targeting NETs can therefore be a potentially successful therapeutic option to block the tumor promoting functions of PMNs. Here we demonstrate that circulating NET levels are elevated in esophageal, gastric and lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls. This increase correlates with disease stage and NET levels are independent predictors of advanced stage. Using pre-clinical murine models of lung and colon cancer, we observe elevated NET levels in tumor bearing mice compared to non-tumor bearing mice; these levels correlated with tumor size. NET levels significantly decrease following tumor resection or treatment with DNase1, a NET degrader, or neutrophil elastase inhibitor (NEi), a NET inhibitor. NET levels do not rise following tumor inoculation in peptidyl arginine deiminase-IV knock out (PAD4-/-) mice; PAD4 being an enzyme essential for citrullination of histones, a crucial step in NET release. Moreover, PMNs from tumor bearing mice are more primed for NETosis than PMNs from non-tumor bearing mice or NEi-treated or PAD4-/- tumor bearing mice. Finally, elevated in vivo hepatic adhesion and spontaneous liver and lung metastases are observed in tumor bearing mice compared to DNase1- or NEi-treated or PAD4-/- tumor bearing mice. Therefore, inhibiting NETs represents a promising strategy to impede metastatic dissemination in several types of cancer patients. Citation Format: Roni F. Rayes, Jack G. Mouhanna, Ioana Nicolau, Phil Vourtzoumis, Carson Wong, Jules Eustache, France Bourdeau, Betty Giannias, Aya Siblini, Emma Lee, Veena Sangwan, Simon Rousseau, Daniela Quail, Logan Walsh, Nicholas Bertos, Jonathan Cools-Lartigue, Lorenzo E. Ferri, Jonathan D. Spicer. Primary tumors induce neutrophil extracellular traps with targetable metastasis promoting effects [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1508.
Maurice Ravel and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: D. J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Maurice Ravel was a man of this century, and we know more about him, including his medical care, than we do of many musicians of older times. The story of his later adult life is of particular interest, especially the rapid decline in his intellectual powers that occurred during his most productive years. We recognize this syndrome now as presenile dementia, or Alzheimer's disease. I believe that one may deduce from the available evidence that Ravel had this disease. Maurice Ravel was, arguably, the premier composer of the 20th century. Born in 1875 in the Pyrenees, he entered the Paris Conservatory in 1889 and was later a student of Fauré. With Debussy, he led the French musical impressionist movement, characterized by fluidity of style within classical forms, a refutation of the ponderous romanticism of Richard Wagner. Ravel excelled at piano composition and especially at orchestration, often scoring works of others
Abstract 3819: Amphiregulin in damaged tumor microenvironment potentiates therapeutic resistance and enables PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression
Authors: Qixia Xu, Jean-Philippe Coppé, Judith Campisi, Eric Lam, Yu Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Therapeutic resistance is the major barrier to conquer human cancer, the most lethal pathology that claims numerous lives per year. Although identification of resistance mechanisms is the key to develop optimal strategies, progress has been limited due to long term failure to reveal the most critical targets. Cancer cells exhibit high plasticity even in clinical settings, a phenomenon that contributes to disease refraction by developing intrinsic or acquired resistance. Here we highlight the multifaceted and genetically conserved senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which encodes a large array of soluble factors including amphiregulin (AREG). Expression of AREG is markedly inducible by DNA damage to stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), a process mediated predominantly by the NF-κB complex and C/EBP family. Stromal AREG remarkably enhances the malignancy of cancer cells including acquired resistance, mainly by activating the EGFR pathway and causing a distinct epithelial to endothelial transition (EET). Paracrine AREG induces PD-L1 expression in recipient cancer cells, thereby creating an immunosuppressive TME via immune checkpoint activation. Therapeutic targeting AREG by a monoclonal antibody not only remarkably deprived cancer cells of chemoresistance, but achieved prominent efficiency when combined with classical chemotherapy in humanized animals with restored immunocompetency. Stromal AREG enters circulation and is readily detectable in the peripheral blood of post-treatment patients, representing a novel liquid biopsy biomarker for therapeutic evaluation and disease prognosis. Our study substantiates the potential of in vivo SASP in driving the TME-mediated drug resistance and shaping an immunosuppressive niche, and provides the proof-of-principle of targeting major SASP factors to effectively improve therapeutic index with reduced mortality. Citation Format: Qixia Xu, Jean-Philippe Coppé, Judith Campisi, Eric Lam, Yu Sun. Amphiregulin in damaged tumor microenvironment potentiates therapeutic resistance and enables PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3819.
<i>Erratum</i>: Vol. 69, No. 31
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2020)

errors occurred in the "Race/ Ethnicity" section of Table 1.In the row for "Black, non-Hispanic," the numbers under "Past 30 days binge drinking*" should have read 7.2 (4.6-10.9)§ and in the row for "Other," the numbers under "Past 30 days drinking*" should have read 8.4 (4.8-14.4)§ .
Righting medical writing
Authors: V. C. Strasburger
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>Dear World's Best Medical Journal (WBJM):</h3> I am sorry to say that I will not be able to send you my manuscript, entitled "In Search Of: 16 Physicians Looking for Another Publication to Add to Their CVs." There are so many journals being published these days, and I receive so many requests to submit articles, that I can fill only a fraction of the demand. As a result, many worthwhile journals must be refused simply because I lack articles to go around. Comments about your journal from two expert reviewers are enclosed. Please remember that, in making my decision, many considerations are taken into account. (You might wish to consult my editorial on this subject in<i>The Collected Wisdom of V. C. Strasburger, M.D.</i>, vol 1, p 200.) All copies of my manuscript are, therefore, being sent to other journals. Thanks very much for the opportunity to review your journal.
Longitudinal Study of Dust and Airborne Endotoxin in the Home
Authors: Ju-Hyeong Park, Donna L. Spiegelman, Harriet A. Burge, Diane R. Gold, Ginger L. Chew, Donald K. Milton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

To characterize the seasonal variability of endotoxin levels, we measured endotoxin in dust from the bed, bedroom floor, and kitchen floor in 20 homes, and in air from the bedroom in 15 of the homes. All homes were located in the greater Boston, Massachusetts, area and were sampled each month from April 1995 to June 1996. Outdoor air was collected at two locations. We found greater within-home than between-home variance for bedroom floor, kitchen floor, and airborne endotoxin. However, the reverse was true for bed dust endotoxin. Thus, studies using single measurements of dust endotoxin are most likely to reliably distinguish between homes if bed dust is sampled. Dust endotoxin levels were not significantly associated with airborne endotoxin. Airborne endotoxin was significantly (p = 0. 04) and positively associated with absolute humidity in a mixed-effect model adjusting for a random home effect and fixed effect of sampling month and home characteristics. This finding implies that indoor humidity may be an important factor controlling endotoxin exposure. We found a significant (p < 0.05) seasonal effect in kitchen floor dust (spring > fall) and bedroom airborne endotoxin (spring > winter), but not in the other indoor samples. We found significant seasonal pattern in outdoor airborne endotoxin (summer > winter).
Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium in Lens
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neonatal Bone Marrow Transplantation Prevents Bone Pathology in a Mouse Model of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I
Authors: Alice Pievani, Isabella Maria Rebecca Azario, Laura Antolini, Tsutomu Shimada, Pravin Patel, Cristina Remoli, Benedetta Rambaldi, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Mara Riminucci, Andrea Biondi, Shunji Tomatsu, Marta Serafini
Journal: Blood (2014)
Chronic Disease Reports: Deaths from Colorectal Cancer—United States, 1986
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanisms and Management Edited by Rodney H. Falk and Philip J. Podrid. 428 pp., illustrated. New York, Raven Press, 1992. $95. 0-88167-831-7 Contemporary Management of Ventricular Arrhythmias (Cardiovascular Clinics [22/1].) Edited by Arnold J. Greenspon and Harvey L. Waxman. 368 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, F.A. Davis, 1992. $75. 0-8036-4343-8 Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias (Current Topics in Cardiology.) Edited by Charles Fisch and Borys …
Authors: Robert F. Rea
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: E. J. SEIFER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access A Time to Hear, a Time to Help: Listening to People With Cancer Daniel Rosenblum . New York : The Free Press , 1993 . 303 pp. $22.95. ISBN-0-029271053 ERIC J. SEIFER, M.D. ERIC J. SEIFER, M.D. Johns Hopkins Oncology CenterBaltimore, MD 21205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 3, 2 February 1994, Pages 236–237, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.3.236-a Published: 02 February 1994
Alleged Insanity in the Army.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Consumption of Vegetables and Fruits and Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Bernhard Watzl
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Elementary Atlas of Histology
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Author Name
Authors: Charles Dolladille
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2020)

Valentina Silvestri, PhD; Goska Leslie, MEng; Daniel R. Barnes, PhD; CIMBA Group; Bjarni A. Agnarsson, MD; Kristiina Aittomäki, MD, PhD; Elisa Alducci, MSc; Irene L. Andrulis, PhD; Rosa B. Barkardottir, CandSci; Alicia Barroso, MLT; Daniel Barrowdale, BSc; Javier Benitez, PhD; Bernardo Bonanni, MD; Ake Borg, PhD; Saundra S. Buys, MD; Trinidad Caldés, MD; Maria A. Caligo, PhD; Carlo Capalbo, MD; Ian Campbell, PhD; Wendy K. Chung, MD, PhD; Kathleen B.M. Claes, PhD; Sarah V. Colonna, MD; Laura Cortesi, MD; Fergus J. Couch, PhD; Miguel de la Hoya, PhD; Orland Diez, PhD; Yuan Chun Ding, PhD; Susan Domchek, MD; Douglas F. Easton, PhD; Bent Ejlertsen, MD; Christoph Engel, MD; D. Gareth Evans, MD; Lidia Feliubadalò, PhD; Lenka Foretova, MD, PhD; Florentia Fostira, PhD; Lajos Géczi, MD; Anne-Marie Gerdes, MD; Gord Glendon, MSc; Andrew K. Godwin, PhD; David E. Goldgar, PhD; Eric Hahnen, PhD; Frans B.L. Hogervorst, PhD; John L. Hopper, PhD; Peter J. Hulick, MD; Claudine Isaacs, MD; Angel Izquierdo, MD; Paul A. James, PhD; Ramunas Janavicius, PhD; Uffe Birk Jensen, MD, PhD; Esther M. John, PhD; Vijai Joseph, PhD; Irene Konstantopoulou, PhD; Allison W. Kurian, MD; Ava Kwong, PhD; Elisabetta Landucci, MD; Fabienne Lesueur, PhD; Jennifer T. Loud, DNP; Eva Machackova, PhD; Phuong L. Mai, MD; Keivan Majidzadeh-A, MD, MPH, PhD; Siranoush Manoukian, MD; Marco Montagna, PhD; Lidia Moserle, PhD; Anna Marie Mulligan, MBBCh; Katherine L. Nathanson, PhD; Heli Nevanlinna, PhD; Joanne Ngeow, MBBS; Liene Nikitina-Zake, PhD; Kenneth Offit, MD; Edith Olah, PhD; Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, MD; Ana Osorio, PhD; Laura Papi, MD; Sue K. Park, PhD; Inge Sokilde Pedersen, PhD; Pedro Perez-Segura, MD; Annabeth H. Petersen, PhD; Pedro Pinto, PhD; Berardino Porfirio, PhD; Miquel Angel Pujana, PhD; Paolo Radice, PhD; Johanna Rantala, PhD; Muhammad U. Rashid, MBBS, PhD; Barak Rosenzweig, MD; Maria Rossing, PhD; Marta Santamariña, PhD; Rita K. Schmutzler, MD; Leigha Senter, MS; Jacques Simard, PhD; Christian F. Singer, MD; Angela R. Solano, PhD; Melissa C. Southey, PhD; Linda Steele, BS; Zoe Steinsnyder, BA; Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, MD, PhD; Yen Yen Tan, PhD; Manuel R. Teixeira, PhD; Soo H. Teo, PhD; Mary Beth Terry, PhD; Mads Thomassen, PhD; Amanda E. Toland, PhD; Sara Torres-Esquius, MSc; Nadine Tung, MD; Christi J. van Asperen, PhD; Ana Vega, PhD; Alessandra Viel, PhD; Jeroen Vierstraete, MSc; Barbara Wappenschmidt, MD; Jeffrey N. Weitzel, MD; Greet Wieme, MSc; Sook-Yee Yoon, MA; Kristin K. Zorn, MD; Lesley McGuffog; Michael T. Parsons, BSc; Ute Hamann, PhD; Mark H. Greene, MD; Judy A. Kirk, MD; Susan L. Neuhausen, PhD; Timothy R. Rebbeck, PhD; Marc Tischkowitz, MD, PhD; Georgia Chenevix-Trench, PhD; Antonis C. Antoniou, PhD; Eitan Friedman, MD; Laura Ottini, MD
Monitoring progress toward US preschool immunization goals
Authors: F. T. Cutts
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The United States has achieved over 97% immunization of children by school age and has reduced the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases by more than 90% since the prevaccination era. However, children often do not receive immunizations at the recommended age, and in densely populated urban areas this delay in immunization has led to epidemics of measles. Correctable deficiencies of the immunization delivery system have been identified in these areas. To respond to needs, the public health infrastructure must be strengthened, and active participation from the private sector must be obtained, both in delivery of immunizations and in assessment of performance. Appropriate action must be stimulated by the provision of timely information on immunization coverage and on indicators of program performance at the local level. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:1952-1955)