tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P05.03 Post-radiation cognitive inpairment and hippocampal neuronal depletion measured by in-vivo metabolic MR spectroscopy: Results of prospective investigational study
Authors: P. Pospisil, T. Kazda, L. Hynkova, M. Bulik, M. Dobiaskova, P. Slampa, R. Jancalek
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Introduction: Hippocampal radioinjury-mediated cognitive impairment is currently widely investigated in many preclinical and clinical trials. Further studying of hippocampal pathophysiological changes after radiation and its relation to memory alteration are still needed to enable critical evidence for introduction hippocampal sparing and/or drug intervention for preserving memory function. For confirmation of this concept, a deeper understanding of the correlations of imaging and functional changes is needed. The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate post-whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes in hippocampal concentration of N-acetylaspartate (h-tNAA) as a marker of neuronal loss and to correlate it to neurocognitive dysfunction. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with brain metastases underwent baseline single slice multi-voxel MR spectroscopy examination for measurement of hippocampal h-tNAA together with baseline battery of neurocognitive tests focused on memory as well as quality of life questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 a EORTC QLQ-BN20). Hippocampal spectroscopy was performed using GE Medical Systems Discovery MR 750 3T. Region of interest was placed through the whole temporal lobi with the voxel layer position adjusted based on the localization of hippocampi. Specialized software was utilized for measurement of absolute h-tNAA concentration in voxels within right, left and both hippocampi. Memory was evaluated by Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R). Total recall, recognition and delayed recall were reported. The both investigation procedures were repeated four months after standard WBRT (2 laterolateral fields, 10x3.0 Gy, delivered by linear accelerator, 6MV photons) and compared on the case by case basis. The h-tNAA and memory changes were correlated. Results: The statistically significant decrease of h-tNAA was observed in the right (from 8.52 to 7.42 mM; -12%, 95%CI: -7.6 to -16.4%) as well as in the left hippocampus (from 8.64 to 7.60 mM; -12%, 95%CI: -7.9 to -16.2%). Statistically significant decline was observed in all AVLT and BVMT subtests with exception of AVLT_R. For left h-tNAA concentration decrease, positive moderate correlation was among others with AVLT_TR (r=+0.32; p=0.24) as well as with AVLT_DR (r=+0.33; p=0.22) decline. No positive correlation between right hippocampus changes and memory decline was observed. Conclusions: Our results prompt investigational of laterality in hippocampal radio-injury as well as the need of robust analysis of pre-irradiation imaging studies as possible predictive biomarkers for decision making for the best radiotherapy approach in the treatment of brain metastases.
ELECTRIC CATARACT
Authors: WALTER SCOTT FRANKLIN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>History.</h3> —G. C. S., a man, aged 34, referred, Dec. 21, 1923, had received extensive and severe burns on the forehead above the left eye, the right breast and the forearm, Nov. 20, 1922. While working on the roof of a house during the removal of the building, he was to have raised the electric wires with a wooden pole to keep them from interfering, but in some unaccountable manner came in direct contact with the 220 volt live wire and was thrown forcibly to the edge of the roof. We are indebted to the Aetna Insurance Company for the reports of Drs. Edgerton and Hawkins of Taft, Calif., from which the following summary was derived: The patient, seen by an ophthalmologist, Jan. 3, 1923, complained of poor vision in the right eye. Careful questioning elicited that seven or eight years previously he had difficulty in passing a physical examination
Appropriateness of antiepileptic drug level monitoring
Authors: R. A. Schoenenberger
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To develop explicit, reliable appropriateness criteria for antiepileptic drug level monitoring and to assess the appropriateness of monitoring in one tertiary care institution. <h3>Design.</h3> —Appropriateness criteria derived from the literature and through expert opinion were used to evaluate a stratified random sample of antiepileptic drug level determinations obtained from chart review. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Tertiary care center performing more than 10 000 antiepileptic drug level determinations per year. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 330 inpatients in whom antiepileptic drug levels were measured a total of 855 times. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Drug levels were assessed at least 200 times for each of four antiepileptic drugs (phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and valproic acid). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The proportion of antiepileptic drug levels with an appropriate indication and, of those, the proportion sampled appropriately. <h3>Results.</h3> —Overall, 27% (95% confidence interval, 24% to 30%) of levels had an appropriate indication. Interrater agreement for appropriateness was substantial (κ=0.61). There was no significant difference in the appropriateness rate among the four drugs (range, 25% to 29%). Of the 624 antiepileptic drug level determinations considered inappropriate (73%), only four (0.6%) were more than 20% higher than the upper limit of normal, and none of the four patients had clinical signs of drug toxicity. A median of six levels (range, one through 69) was determined per patient, and the median interval between level determinations was 24 hours. Of the 27% of level determinations with an appropriate indication, 51% were sampled correctly, resulting in an overall appropriateness rate of 14%. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Only 27% of antiepileptic drug level determinations had an appropriate indication, and half of these were not sampled correctly. Routine daily monitoring without pharmacological justification accounted for most of the inappropriate drug level determinations. Efforts to decrease inappropriate monitoring may result in substantial cost reductions without missing important clinical results. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1622-1626)
Severity strata for five patient-reported outcomes in adults with atopic dermatitis
Authors: P.P. Vakharia, R. Chopra, R. Sacotte, N. Patel, S. Immaneni, T. White, R. Kantor, D.Y. Hsu, E.L. Simpson, J.I. Silverberg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Summary Atopic dermatitis (AD, also known simply as eczema) is a skin disease that can cause itching (pruritus), sleep disturbance and impaired quality of life (QoL), often affecting everyday activities such as school and work, resulting in impaired mental health. During studies into eczema or when treating patients, doctors use a variety of systems that record how severe the person's eczema is. Some of these look at the physical symptoms, such as how severe the skin lesions (areas of affected skin) are. However, as mentioned above, many of the symptoms of the disease can't be measured by looking at the skin, and for these, different measurements of ‘Patient Reported Outcomes’ (PRO) are used, in which the patient answers questions about, for example, their quality of life, mood or itch severity. These measures are not always specific to eczema, and can be used across a range of skin disorders. Each PRO has a different numbers of questions, response options, and scoring systems, which can make it difficult to interpret the results across different PROs. Severity strata have been developed for some PROs, which attribute levels of severity to the results of the scores, so for example, in a PRO called POEM, a score of 0 to 7 is mild, 8 to 16 is moderate and 17 to 28 is severe. This study sought to confirm whether previously reported strata for the PRO's called POEM and DLQI are indeed accurate for adults with AD. They also sought to develop severity strata for PRO's that don't already have them: NRS-itch, mean ItchyQOL and 5-D itch scale. The authors confirm that existing strata for POEM and DLQI perform well in adult AD and suggested amendments and new strata for certain other PRO's.
Influenza—United States, 1986-87 Season
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bureau of Investigation
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cortical Serotonin 5-HT&lt;char aid="99791656" id="sub"&gt;2A&lt;/char&gt; Receptor Binding and Social Communication in Adults With Asperger’s Syndrome: An in Vivo SPECT Study
Authors: Declan Murphy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The cause of autistic spectrum disorder (i.e., autism and Asperger’s syndrome) is unknown. The serotonergic (5-HT) system may be especially implicated. However, cortical 5-HT 2A receptor density in adults with the disorder has not been examined, to the authors’ knowledge. Method: The authors investigated cortical 5-HT 2A receptor binding in eight adults with Asperger’s syndrome and in 10 healthy comparison subjects with single photon emission computed tomography and the selective 5-HT 2A receptor ligand 123I iodinated 4-amino-N-[1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-4-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-5-iodo-2-methoxybenzamide ( 123 I-5-I-R91150). Results: People with Asperger’s syndrome had a significant reduction in cortical 5-HT 2A receptor binding in the total, anterior, and posterior cingulate; bilaterally in the frontal and superior temporal lobes; and in the left parietal lobe. Also, reduced receptor binding was significantly related to abnormal social communication. Conclusions: The authors’ findings suggest that adults with Asperger’s syndrome have abnormalities in cortical 5-HT 2A receptor density and that this deficit may underlie some clinical symptoms.
Intracranial aneurysms
Authors: W. L. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The optimal treatment of a patient with an intracranial aneurysm is dependent upon the physician's understanding of the natural history of this disease. This survey considers the natural history of intracranial aneurysms and the appropriate initial treatment of a patient suspected of harboring this lesion. We hope that this material will assist the primary physician in assessing the probable course of his patient's illness. This survey is based upon a review of the literature tempered by the experience of the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of Washington, Seattle. <h3>Incidence of Aneurysms</h3> Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a relatively common occurrence; best estimates imply an incidence of 16 cases per 100,000 population per year, or 32,000 cases of SAH per year in the United States.<sup>1</sup>Fifty percent of the cases of SAH are due to ruptured aneurysm; therefore, about 16,000 patients suffer a ruptured aneurysm every year in the
NEUROSYPHILIS
Authors: WILLIAM H. TIMBERLAKE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1954)

Persistent clinical signs or positive serologic tests are not indications for further therapy. The cell count and protein changes of the spinal fluid are reliable signs. The serologic tests for syphilis are one band of a broad spectrum of lipid antigenantibody responses found in all animals, well or ill. Although Treponemal diseases cause the formation of lipids of the particular type and concentration optimal for this band, other conditions may overlap it and cause "false positive" tests. The difficulty of reproducing results even with the improved TPI tests must be borne in mind. Penicillin is the adequate treatment for optic atrophy. Antibiotics other than penicillin should not be used for the treatment of syphilis unless there is some strong contraindication to the use of penicillin and the patient can be followed closely.
Schizophrenia
Authors: William T. Carpenter, Robert W. Buchanan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Insanity has afflicted humanity throughout history1. At the turn of this century, identification of the syphilitic insanities set the stage for Kraepelin to recognize the distinctive symptom patterns of the manic-depressive psychoses and dementia praecox2. In 1911, Bleuler noted that the early onset of dementia was not characteristic of Kraepelin's dementia praecox, and he coined the term "schizophrenia" to refer to the dissociation or disruption of thought processes and the split among thought, emotion, and behavior3. With recent diagnostic refinements, psychosis (that is, a break with reality usually manifested as hallucinations, delusions, or a disruption in thought . . .
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

ColonAnatomyThe surgical anatomy of the superior mesenteric arterial blood supply of the colon has been studied by Sonneland et al.61 by means of 600 dissections. The classic pattern of colic arteries was found in only 23.8 per cent of the cases. An ileocolic artery was observed in all specimens, but the right colic artery was absent in 12.6 per cent and the middle colic in 8.6 per cent of the cases. Failure of continuity of the marginal artery occurred most frequently between the ileocolic and right colic arteries, and between the middle and left colic arteries near the . . .
RAB7L1 Interacts with LRRK2 to Modify Intraneuronal Protein Sorting and Parkinson’s Disease Risk
Authors: David A. MacLeod, Herve Rhinn, Tomoki Kuwahara, Ari Zolin, Gilbert Di Paolo, Brian D. McCabe, Karen S. Marder, Lawrence S. Honig, Lorraine N. Clark, Scott A. Small, Asa Abeliovich
Journal: Neuron (2013)
ARGENTINA
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Software
Authors: Richard M. Stillman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnostic Evaluation of Elderly Patients with Mild Memory Problems
Authors: Ronald Hirsch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 January 2004Diagnostic Evaluation of Elderly Patients with Mild Memory ProblemsRonald Hirsch, MDRonald Hirsch, MDFrom Signature Medical Associates, Algonquin, IL 60102.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-1-200401060-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their review of the diagnostic evaluation of elderly patients with mild memory problems (1), Drs. Karlawish and Clark presented the case of a 70-year-old man who lived alone. The case presentation was used to highlight the elements of a thorough evaluation of a patient with suspected dementia. Realizing the potential risks of driving with impaired memory, the authors recommended a driving test at a facility with expertise in evaluating elderly people with impairments. The authors, however, neglected to advise an evaluation of the safety of the home environment. While it is common to evaluate the home ...References1. Karlawish JH, Clark CM. Diagnostic evaluation of elderly patients with mild memory problems. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:411-9. [PMID: 12614094] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ronald Hirsch, MDAffiliations: From Signature Medical Associates, Algonquin, IL 60102. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDiagnostic Evaluation of Elderly Patients with Mild Memory Problems Jason H.T. Karlawish and Christopher M. Clark Alzheimer Disease: Current Concepts and Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies Christopher M. Clark and Jason H.T. Karlawish Diagnostic Evaluation of Elderly Patients with Mild Memory Problems Monica S. Horton and Jason E. Schillerstrom Metrics 6 January 2004Volume 140, Issue 1Page: 71KeywordsDementiaElderlyFoodHip fracturesMemoryNutritionSafetyShort term memoryTeaTemperature ePublished: 6 January 2004 Issue Published: 6 January 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Hemorrhage: A Specific Poison to the Tissue of the Ampullar Cupulae
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Changing patterns of asthma mortality. Identifying target populations at high risk
Authors: K. B. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Studies have suggested increases in hospitalization for asthma and in asthma mortality during the early 1980s. Using US Vital Records, we examined asthma mortality from 1968 through 1987 to describe the rates of change among children and young adults (aged 5 to 34 years) with time and in small geographic areas. During the 1970s, US asthma mortality declined by 7.8% per annum ( ± 1.0%), declining faster among women and nonwhites. During the 1980s, mortality increased by 6.2% per annum ( ± 1.2%), increasing faster among those aged 5 to 14 years than among those aged 15 to 34 years. Small-area geographic analysis revealed four areas with persistently high asthma mortality. Neither changes in<i>International Classification</i>of Diseases coding nor improved recognition of asthma, as demonstrated by trends in autopsy rates or rates of in-hospital deaths, seems to explain the increasing mortality of the 1980s. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1683-1687)