tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers in Pediatric Environmental Health: A Cross-Cutting Issue
Authors: Cynthia F. Bearer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

It is not yet known the extent to which the environment adversely affects the health of the developing individual.Difficulties in this determination are the problems of a) the assessment of exposure, b) the long latency of many diseases induced by the environment, c) the number of confounding exposures, and d) the extrapolation of animal models to critical stages of human development.Biomarkers have the potential to be quantitative dosimeters of exposure and biologic effective dose, as well as early warning signals of biologic effect.Biomarkers may document interindividual susceptibilities, as well as defining critical windows of exposure.To be useful, biomarkers need to be validated in terms of their specificity and sensitivity.Biomarkers are useful across all disciplines including asthma and respiratory problems, developmental neurotoxicity, childhood cancer, and endocrine disruptors.Biomarkers have not been developed nor used widely in pediatric environmental health.Research by our group and others has documented the validity of biomarkers in pediatric environmental health.Advances in the field of biomarkers may have important implications for the detection, prevention, and treatment of environmentally induced diseases in children.Ongoing validation of promising biomarkers should be a research priority.
Primary thrombophilia in Mexico: A prospective study
Authors: Guillermo J. Ruiz‐Argüelles, Sonia González‐Estrada, Javier Garcés‐Eisele, Alejandro Ruiz‐Argüelles
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

A group of 102 Mexican Mestizo patients with appropriate clinical features suggestive of primary thrombophilia was prospectively studied. Thirty-nine percent of them had activated protein C resistance, but only four patients displayed the factor V Leiden mutation. Five percent of the individuals were found to be protein C deficient, whereas 2% had protein S deficiency. No cases of abnormalities in antithrombin III, plasminogen, tissue-type plasminogen activator or plasminogen activator inhibitor were found. The low prevalence of the activated protein C resistance genotype, probably stemming from the genetic admixture of the Mexican Mestizo group is noteworthy. Am. J. Hematol. 60:1–5, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Divergent effects of glucose and fructose on hepatic lipogenesis and insulin signaling
Authors: Samir Softic, Manoj K. Gupta, Guo-Xiao Wang, Shiho Fujisaka, Brian T. O’Neill, Tata Nageswara Rao, Jennifer Willoughby, Carole Harbison, Kevin Fitzgerald, Olga Ilkayeva, Christopher B. Newgard, David E. Cohen, C. Ronald Kahn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018)
Polycythemia vera
Authors: C. L. Conley
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>CASE PRESENTATION</h3> —Peter White, Jr, MD A 64-YEAR-OLD retired truck driver was brought to The Johns Hopkins Hospital after a transient episode of unresponsiveness. Ten days before admission, when he entered another hospital for treatment of acute polyarticular gout, he appeared plethoric and had an enlarged spleen. The hematocrit was 0.71, red blood cell volume was 81 mL/kg (normal, 25 to 35 mL/kg), and plasma volume was 33 mL/kg (normal, 30 to 45 mL/kg). Bone marrow was hypercellular without fibrosis. He was treated for gout and polycythemia vera. Within a week 1200 mL of blood was withdrawn and he was discharged. On the following day, he was found to be unresponsive, with twitching movements of his hands and feet. The episode resolved within a few minutes, but he was promptly brought to the emergency department, where results of neurological examination and a cranial computed tomographic scan were normal. The patient
Phase III trial of a 3-weekly versus 5-weekly schedule of S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) combination chemotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC): SOS study.
Authors: Min-Hee Ryu, Eishi Baba, Kyung Hee Lee, Narikazu Boku, Young Iee Park, Ichinosuke Hyodo, Byung-Ho Nam, Taito Esaki, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Eun-Kee Song, Sanghee Cho, Sung Sook Lee, Won Ki Kang, Sung Hyun Yang, Dae Young Zang, Dong Bok Shin, Sook Ryun Park, Katsunori Shinozaki, Toshimi Takano, Yoon-Koo Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

LBA4024 Background: 5-weekly S-1 plus cisplatin (SP5: S-1 80-120 mg/body/day on D1-21, cisplatin 60 mg/m 2 on D8, every 5 weeks) has become a standard first-line chemotherapy for AGC in Japan based on the SPIRITS trial (Lancet Oncol. 2008;9:215). To strengthen the low-dose intensity of cisplatin in this SP5 for greater efficacy, a 3-weekly S-1 plus cisplatin (SP3: S-1 80 mg/m 2 /day on D1-14, cisplatin 60 mg/m 2 on D1, every 3 weeks) has been developed in Korea (Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008;61:837). Methods: This SOS study was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III study to evaluate whether SP3 was non-inferior/superior to SP5 in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) determined by a blinded central radiology review according to RECIST v1.1. Patients (pts) with metastatic or recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma and with no prior chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive either SP3 or SP5 until disease progression or unacceptable toxicities. Results: Between February 2009 and January 2012, a total of 625 pts were randomized from 42 sites in Korea and Japan. Median age was 59.6 years. 99% of pts had ECOG performance status 0-1. 16% of pts had prior gastrectomy. 62% of pts had measurable lesions. With a median follow-up of 34.7 months (range, 14.2-48.8) in surviving pts, SP3 was significantly noninferior and superior to SP5 in PFS (median 5.5 months vs. 4.9 months; HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.99, p=0.0418). Overall response rate (ORR) was also better with SP3 than with SP5 (60% vs. 50%, p=0.029). However, OS of both groups was equivalent (median 14.1 vs. 13.9 months; HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.81-1.21, p=0.9068). Treatment was well tolerated in both arms, while SP3 was associated with more frequent G3/4 anemia (19% vs. 9%) and neutropenia (39% vs. 9%). Dose intensity was higher in SP3 than in SP5 for both agents (median 331 vs. 317 mg/m 2 /week for S-1, p&lt;0.001; median 18 vs. 12 mg/m 2 /week for cisplatin, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: SP3 was noninferior and superior to SP5 in terms of PFS and ORR. However, considering the small benefit in PFS and no difference in OS, both SP3 and SP5 can be recommended for the first-line treatment of AGC. Clinical trial information: NCT00915382.
Jesse, Not James, Lazear
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Observations on Chronic Gastritis and Cancer
Authors: William A. Meissner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1945)

Observations on Chronic Gastritis and Cancer Get access William A. Meissner William A. Meissner Laboratory of Pathology, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 5, Issue 5, April 1945, Page 377, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/5.5.377 Published: 01 April 1945
Identification Guide for Solid Dosage Forms
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEASUREMENT OF RADIUM
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carcinogenicity Studies on Vinylidene Chloride
Authors: P. L. Viola, A. Caputo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

Results of a study on Wistar rats regarding a possible carcinogenic effect of vinylidene chloride (VDC) were presented previously by one of the authors. Due to the unclear character of these results, a second inhalation study was initiated with Sprague-Dawley rats. Groups of 60 animals were exposed to 100 and 75 ppm VDC, along with one control group. A final report on the pathological results must await completion of the microscopic examination of the tissues and organs from all the animals. Nevertheless, it seems clear that there is no grossly observable interrelation between tumor production and VDC inhalation.
Expanding Southwest Pacific mitochondrial haplogroups P and Q
Authors: J. Friedlaender, T. Schurr, F. Gentz, G. Koki, F. Friedlaender, G. Horvat, P. Babb, S. Cerchio, F. Kaestle, M. Schenfield, R. Deka, R. Yanagihara, D.A. Merriwether
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)
1047 COMPARISON OF LIVER FIBROSIS BLOOD TESTS DEVELOPED FOR HCV WITH NEW SPECIFIC TESTS IN HIV/HCV CO-INFECTION
Authors: P. Calès, P. Halfon, D. Batisse, F. Carrat, P. Perré, G. Penaranda, D. Guyader, L. D'alteroche, I. Fouchard-Hubert, C. Michelet, P. Veillon, J. Lambert, L. Weiss, D. Salmon, P. Cacoub
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Pregnancy Nephropathy
Authors: John A. Morris
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A curious title for this new two volume book in which the author, John Sophian, an English obstetricianphysiologist of international renown, explores the pathogenesis of the toxemias of pregnancy. The dust cover humbly refers to the publication as the "vade mecum of obstetric nephrology" and further suggests that the author has proven the etiology of toxemia. Sophian has postulated a uterorenal reflex. Briefly, the uterus is the source of the stimulus which results in afferent renal cortical arteriolar spasm and, thence, disordered tubular function. Whether or not one cares to accept this premise as the established etiology of toxemia (and there are many who do not), the author must be congratulated on the scholarly manner with which he defends his premise. Renal physiology, renal pathophysiology and neurophysiology, circulatory dynamics, as well as systemic responses to various pharmacologic agents used in the toxemias of pregnancy are described exhaustively. The bibliography is
Adrenal Apoplexy
Authors: N. Maclean, J. J. Ironside
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Massive bilateral adrenal haemorrhage is best known as it occurs in the involuting adrenal cortex of newborn infants or as a complication of meningococcal septicaemia in children and young adults.In other settings, such as pregnancy (Keele and Keele, 1942; Crawford, 1951 ; Dewhurst, 1951) and -toxaemic illness (Wilson and Roth, 1953; Owen and Coleman, 1955), the adrenal lesion may escape recognition if its manifestations are unfamiliar to the clinician.The symptoms and signs of adrenal apoplexy appear in pure form when the patient is struck down while apparently enjoying normal health.The following example of adrenal apoplexy is reported in order to draw attention to the characteristic clinical features, and to emphasize the need for early diagnosis now that cortisone therapy offers hope of survival to these patients.CASE HISTORY A man of 62 suffered from chronic bronchitis, and for some years had been breathless on exertion.He had experienced two asthmatic attacks in the six months before his final illness, and was in the habit of administering to himself 5 min.(0.3 ml.) of hyperduric adrenaline twice daily.Whilst in his usual state of health he developed some upper abdominal discomfort, which was followed in a few hours by severe upper abdominal pain.He vomited once after a Seidlitz powder taken in the hope of obtaining relief.On admission to hospital a few hours after the onset of the acute pain, he was pale and restless, breathing with diffi- culty, and greatly distressed by upper abdominal pain, which was aggravated by coughing and varied in intensity, but was not colicky and did not radiate.His temperature was 97°F .(36.10 C.), pulse 80, respirations 24, and blood pressure 180/100 mm.Hg.The abdomen was not distended, and moved freely in all quadrants.On palpation the lower abdomen was quite soft, but firm pressure revealed tenderness and slight resistance in both subcostal regions and to a less degree in the epigastrium.Bowel sounds were few and faint, but x-ray examination revealed neither bowel distension nor gas in the peritoneal cavity.Since there was no indication for immediate laparotomy a stomach tube was passed and hourly aspiration instituted.The next day he was given water in l-oz.(28-ml.)feeds, and very little of it was returned by the gastric tube.His of the disease appear to be distinctive enough to allow of pre-operative diagnosis, but should a laparotomy be per- formed for symptoms of this nature, then negative abdom- 1162
Association News
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Possible role of the brain stem in sudden infant death syndrome
Authors: N. Baba
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE INCIDENCE of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is approximately one to three per 1,000 live births. Recently, the Health Service Administration has estimated that 6,500 to 8,000 SIDS cases occur annually in the United States, accounting for almost 40% of the total infant mortality.<sup>1</sup>Sudden infant death syndrome is the single largest cause of death between the ages of 2 weeks and 1 year, with the peak incidence between 2 and 4 months of age. Clinical observations of SIDS and near-miss SIDS infants have implicated a respiratory control dysfunction. Infants observed to be apneic for 20 s or longer, possibly requiring resuscitation, are termed near-miss for SIDS.<sup>2</sup>Studies of these infants have examined such factors as periodic breathing,<sup>3</sup>prolonged apnea,<sup>4</sup>sleep states,<sup>5</sup>arousal threshold,<sup>6</sup>and ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercarbia.<sup>7</sup>A number of pathological investigations have demonstrated tissue alterations in the
MISCELLANEA MEDICA
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THEORIES OF MUSCULAR CONTRACTION
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Second chronological supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database: standardized results of animal bioassays published through December 1984 and by the National Toxicology Program through May 1986.
Authors: L S Gold, T H Slone, G M Backman, R Magaw, M Da Costa, P Lopipero, M Blumenthal, B N Ames
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

This paper is the second chronological supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database, published earlier in this journal (1,2,4). We report here results of carcinogenesis bioassays published in the general literature between January 1983 and December 1984, and in Technical Reports of the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program between January 1983 and May 1986. This supplement includes results of 525 long-term, chronic experiments of 199 test compounds, and reports the same information about each experiment in the same plot format as the earlier papers: e.g., the species and strain of test animal, the route and duration of compound administration, dose level and other aspects of experimental protocol, histopathology and tumor incidence, TD50 (carcinogenic potency) and its statistical significance, dose response, author's opinion about carcinogenicity, and literature citation. We refer the reader to the 1984 publications for a description of the numerical index of carcinogenic potency (TD50), a guide to the plot of the database, and a discussion of the sources of data, the rationale for the inclusion of particular experiments and particular target sites, and the conventions adopted in summarizing the literature. The three plots of the database are to be used together, since results of experiments published in earlier plots are not repeated. Taken together, the three plots include results for more than 3500 experiments on 975 chemicals. Appendix 14 is an index to all chemicals in the database and indicates which plot(s) each chemical appears in.