tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification of Adipocyte Genes Regulated by Caloric Intake
Authors: Niclas Franck, Anders Gummesson, Margareta Jernås, Camilla Glad, Per-Arne Svensson, Gilles Guillot, Mats Rudemo, Fredrik H Nyström, Lena M. S. Carlsson, Bob Olsson
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Context Changes in energy intake have marked and rapid effects on metabolic functions, and some of these effects may be due to changes in adipocyte gene expression that precede alterations in body weight. Objective The aim of the study was to identify adipocyte genes regulated by changes in caloric intake independent of alterations in body weight. Research Design and Methods Obese subjects given a very low-caloric diet followed by gradual reintroduction of ordinary food and healthy subjects subjected to overfeeding were investigated. Adipose tissue biopsies were taken at multiple time-points, and gene expression was measured by DNA microarray. Genes regulated in the obese subjects undergoing caloric restriction followed by refeeding were identified using two-way ANOVA corrected with Bonferroni. From these, genes regulated by caloric restriction and oppositely during the weight-stable refeeding phase were identified in the obese subjects. The genes that were also regulated, in the same direction as the refeeding phase, in the healthy subjects after overfeeding were defined as being regulated by caloric intake. Results were confirmed using real-time PCR or immunoassay. Results Using a significance level of P &amp;lt; 0.05 for all comparisons, 52 genes were down-regulated, and 50 were up-regulated by caloric restriction and regulated in the opposite direction by refeeding and overfeeding. Among these were genes involved in lipogenesis (ACLY, ACACA, FASN, SCD), control of protein synthesis (4EBP1, 4EBP2), β-oxidation (CPT1B), and insulin resistance (PEDF, SPARC). Conclusions Metabolic genes involved in lipogenesis, protein synthesis, and insulin resistance are central in the transcriptional response of adipocytes to changes in caloric intake.
Oncology Research Program
Authors: Michael Gibson
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2018)

The goal of the Highlights of the NCCN Oncology Research Program (ORP) is to provide readers with more information on the ORP, including studies currently accruing patients.For more information on specific trials, including patient selection criteria, please use the contact information listed with each study.For more information on the NCCN ORP, including a complete detailing of the clinical studies currently underway at NCCN Member Institutions, please access the NCCN ORP pages at NCCN.org/clinical_trials/ clinicians.asp.
The Chemical Laboratory
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2125: Genetic analysis for classification and treatment of poorly differentiated sinonasal cancer
Authors: Mario Hermsen, Cristina Riobello, Virginia N. Cabal, Rocío García-Marín, Sira Potes-Ares, Laura Suárez-Fernández, Blanca Vivanco, Alessandro Franchi, Reinhard Büttner, Fernando López, José Luis Llorente
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: The sinonasal cavities harbour a wide variety of rare tumour types, including squamous-cell carcinoma (SNSCC), intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC), olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC), undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) and malignant mucosal melanoma (MMM). Histopathological classification is related to clinical outcome, but correct diagnosis is difficult in cases with poor differentiation. Five-year overall survival ranges from 20% to 60% while therapeutic options are limited. This study aims to identify genetic alterations that may aid diagnosis and indicate targets for modern specific therapies. Experimental procedures: DNA was extracted from 80 frozen or paraffin-embedded tumor tissues collected from three different hospital centers. Mutations were screened by next generation sequencing of a panel of 120 cancer-related genes using the SureSelect QXT Target Enrichment Kit for Ilumina Multiplexed Sequencing, and recurrent hits were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and by analyzing their effect on protein expression. Results: Frequently mutated genes were TP53, KRAS, PI3K, NTRK1, ATM and BRCA1 and BRCA2. Several mutations were found exclusive to only one sinonasal tumor-type: APC and B-catenin in ITAC, EGFR exon 20 in SNSCC, IDH2 in SNUC and NF1 in MMM. With exception of ONB, a majority of cases showed a high mutational burden. Conclusions: A number of tumor-specific mutations were identified that may be used for differential diagnosis. In addition, many gene mutations may serve as targets for specific antibody or small molecule inhibitors. Finally, the finding that sinonasal tumors carry a high mutational burden suggests that therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors may be effective in clinical management. Citation Format: Mario Hermsen, Cristina Riobello, Virginia N. Cabal, Rocío García-Marín, Sira Potes-Ares, Laura Suárez-Fernández, Blanca Vivanco, Alessandro Franchi, Reinhard Büttner, Fernando López, José Luis Llorente. Genetic analysis for classification and treatment of poorly differentiated sinonasal cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2125.
Breast-Conserving Surgery and Radiation Therapy: Are They Underused?-Reply
Authors: DeAnn Lazovich
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We welcome the opportunity to continue the discussion about the underutilization of breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy for early invasive breast cancer. The title of our article<sup>1</sup>expresses our interpretation of the study's findings, and we are pleased that it has raised concern among clinicians about the appropriate use of breast-conserving surgery. As stated in the article, we recognize that the analysis was limited by our inability to measure tumor characteristics or patient preference that would determine type of surgery. But we doubt that the majority of the 5364 women with mastectomy (66%) in our study were either unsuitable candidates for conservative surgery or chose that treatment after appropriate counseling. Despite growing scientific evidence in support of the efficacy of breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy, the time trends indicate essentially no change in breast-conserving surgery for women with stage I disease and a possible decline for women
Issues Regarding Antiretroviral Treatment for Patients With HIV-1 Infection-Reply
Authors: Charles C. J. Carpenter
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the comments from Drs Ickowics and Chesney, Frenkel and Melvin, and Fischer with regard to our consensus recommendations for antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection in adults. We concur with the need for prospectively designed adherence assessments during controlled clinical trials of antiretroviral drugs and fully agree that such trials provide a unique opportunity (and a compelling mandate) to carry out interdisciplinary investigations that will enhance clinical practice. The recommendations of our panel are directed toward HIV infection in adults and, as Frenkel and Melvin discuss, there remains an urgent need to conduct detailed studies of potent antiretroviral regimens in infants and in young children. We concur with Fischer's comments with regard to antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected pregnant women; the US Public Health Service has recently released draft guidelines that provide more specific recommendations for aggressive antiretroviral therapy in this setting,<sup>1</sup>1 which are available from the National
Incidentaloma Fatigue
Authors: Michael J. Barry
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Effect of PEDF on survival and the in vivo antitumor activities of low-dose chemotherapy in castration-refractory prostate cancer.
Authors: Thomas Nelius, Natalie Pardue, Jessica Gillen, Katherine Rinard, Jennifer Hirsch, Everardo Cobos, C. Patrick Reynolds, Stephanie Filleur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

237 Background: The development of metronomic/low dose of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs have recently showed great promise in the treatment of castration-refractory prostate cancer (CPRC). Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) is a natural angio-inhibitor which is down-regulated in prostate cancer. We have previously demonstrated that the over-expression of PEDF in human CRPC PC3 cells decreased tumor growth in vivo. In the present study, we further validated PEDF anti-tumor properties in the highly metastatic CRPC LNCaP-derivative CL1 cells. We also hypothesized that PEDF may enhance the cytotoxicity effects of low dose docetaxel (Doc) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) chemotherapies in vivo. Methods: Human PC3 and CL1 cell lines were genetically modified to stably express the fluorescent DsRed Express protein with PEDF. Resulting cells were characterized in vitro for PEDF expression by western blot and, for proliferation by growth curves and clone formation in matrigel. PEDF anti-tumor effects were assessed on established s.c. xenografts in mice treated with Doc (5mg/kg ip every 4 dy, 1mg/kg ip daily for 10 days, 0.5mg/kg every other day), CTX (10-20mg/kg in the drinking water) or placebo. Survival studies were performed by injecting CL1 cells with 50nM hrPEDF or carrier control into the left lobe of the dorsal prostate of anesthetized mice. Results: We showed that PEDF inhibits the proliferation and induces the differentiation of all CPRC cells tested in vitro. Similarly, PEDF expression decreases by 85% and 70% the development of s.c. PC3 and CL1 tumors, respectively. In the survival study, we found that all control animals die within 61 days after surgery while 50% of PEDF-pretreated animals were still alive. Most importantly, we demonstrated that PEDF enhances the cytotoxicity effects of low dose chemotherapy on established tumors (best Doc dose: 1mg/kg for PC3 and 5mg/kg for CL1; best CTX dose: 10mg/kg for PC3 and CL1). Conclusions: These data reinforce the significance of PEDF as a potential new target for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. It also emphasizes PEDF as a promising new agent to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of low dose Doc and CTX chemotherapies.
A SYSTEM FOR THE RATIONAL TREATMENT OF INJURIES BY FOMENTATIONS.
Authors: CHARLES DEWEY CENTER
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The treatment of injuries by applications of either hot or cold moisture is not a new procedure. There has been, however, a revival of this practice in the past ten years. Listerism is largely responsible for the renewal, and the development of our bacteriologic knowledge combined with our clearer physiologic insight, has given it the impetus toward the position it now holds. These applications of moist heat or cold were formerly known as stupes, but this term is now confined more especially to applications of turpentine, etc., or perhaps a better way to express it, to medicated fomentations applied to strictly medical cases. There is no doubt that wound treatment by moisture is sometimes overdone, that it is often used with plain empiricism; that hot moisture is used where cold is indicated and<i>vice versa</i>, for very little has been written to guide the practitioner, and a doctor does not
Treatment of Pyoderma With Polymyxin B-Bacitracin Ointment
Authors: Bernard J. Pass, Herbert Rattner
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: I. HOSKINS
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Cancer Genetics in Women, Volumes I and II. Henry T. Lynch, Stig Kullander, eds. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1987, 354 pp. $195.00. IFFATH HOSKINS IFFATH HOSKINS Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University-Bellevue Hospital550 First Ave. New York, NY 10016 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 12, 17 August 1988, Page 971, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.12.971 Published: 17 August 1988
Protective immunity against atherosclerosis carried by B cells of hypercholesterolemic mice
Authors: G. Caligiuri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Atherosclerosis is characterized by vascular inflammation and associated with systemic and local immune responses to oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and other antigens. Since immunization with oxLDL reduces atherosclerosis, we hypothesized that the disease might be associated with development of protective immunity. Here we show that spleen-associated immune activity protects against atherosclerosis. Splenectomy dramatically aggravated atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic apoE knockout (apoE°) mice. Transfer of spleen cells from atherosclerotic apoE° mice significantly reduced disease development in young apoE° mice. To identify the protective subset, donor spleen cells were divided into B and T cells by immunomagnetic separation before transfer. Protection was conferred by B cells, which reduced disease in splenectomized apoE° mice to one-fourth of that in splenectomized apoE° controls. Protection could also be demonstrated in intact, nonsplenectomized mice and was associated with an increase in antibody titers to oxLDL. Fewer CD4+ T cells were found in lesions of protected mice, suggesting a role for T-B cell cooperation. These results demonstrate that B cell–associated protective immunity develops during atherosclerosis and reduces disease progression.
FLT3 Mediated MAPK Activation Participates in the Control of Megakaryopoiesis in Primary Myelofibrosis
Authors: Christophe Desterke, Hans Hasselbalch, Dominique Bordessoule, Heinz Gisslinger, Alessandro Vannucchi, Olivier Pierre-Louis, Carole Tonetti, Philippe Dessen, Vladimir Lazar, Bernadette Guerton, Denis Clay, William Vainchenker, Stephane Giraudier, Marie-Caroline Le Bousse-Kerdiles
Journal: Blood (2007)
Self-prescribing: ill-advised?
Authors: S. Tiefenbrunn
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The October 9,1991, issue of<i>JAMA</i>was devoted to the centennial of the Washington University School of Medicine. I appreciated the invitation from<i>JAMA</i>to include an Editorial in which I reviewed the successes of our institution. Dr Paul M. Fischer responded to the Editorial, criticizing the absence of a department of family practice at Washington University. I elected not to reply to Fischer's letter because it did not seem to call for a response, and because the Editorial that concerned Fischer was not meant to be a position paper on the hard choices the school's leadership have made over the years. Now comes Dr Dell who suggests that I should not "be reasonably excused from that responsibility" (responding to "reasonable, thoughtful, bona fide letters") even though<i>JAMA</i>does not mandate responses. In order to defray the issue of responsibility, let me answer Fischer's letter. Above all, let
The effect of oral contraceptives on the liver
Authors: F. Schaffner
Journal: JAMA (1966)

With world-wide use of oral contraceptive agents, increasing numbers of reports of jaundice following the use of these medications have appeared.<sup>1-14</sup>An attempt to assess the significance of this adverse reaction should take into account existing knowledge of hepatic drug reactions in general. <h3>General Considerations</h3> In evaluating the effects of any drug upon the liver, one must first define the "no effect level" to be accepted. Most drugs are metabolized by the liver, and their continued administration causes adaptive cellular and enzymatic changes consisting primarily of an increase in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and its detoxifying enzymes.<sup>15,16</sup>Usually there is an associated hypertrophy or hyperplasia of the liver, so that hepatomegaly may become apparent. However, since the results of liver function tests remain normal and the enlargement of the liver when it occurs is not hazardous, it should not be considered an adverse reaction. Adaptive hypertrophy of the
The controversy over radiation safety. A historical overview
Authors: J. S. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The hazards of ionizing radiation have aroused concern since a short time after the discovery of x-rays and natural radioactivity in the 1890s. Misuse of x-rays and radium prompted efforts to encourage radiation safety and to set limits on exposure, culminating in the first recommended "tolerance doses" in 1934. After World War II, the problems of radiation protection became more complex because of the growing number of people subjected to radiation injury and the creation of radioactive elements that had never existed before the achievement of atomic fission. Judging the hazards of radiation became a matter of spirited controversy. Major public debates over the dangers of radioactive fallout from atmospheric bomb testing in the 1950s and early 1960s and the risks of nuclear power generation in later periods focused attention on the uncertainties about the consequences of exposure to low-level radiation and the difficulties of resolving them. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:664-668)
Noted physician: George M. Piersol dies
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Travelers' Diarrhea
Authors: Robert S. Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This is in regard to the brief report "Subacute Myelo-optic Neuropathy" (220:223, 1972), your EDITORIAL (ibid, page 273), and the letters by Dr. Wolfe (p 275) and Dr. Cohn (p 273). On the whole, they indicate both the danger and the ineffectiveness of iodochlorhydroxyquin (Entero-Vioform). The late and locally great Dr. George Shattuck, who was still extant when I started practice, for Boston ladies going abroad prescribed a starter and a stopper; namely, 3 grains cascara sagrada and paregoric (camphorated opium tincture), one tablet of the former at bedtime as necessary, and one teaspoon of the latter after three movements, and to be taken three times as often as once per hour or at intervals of three hours for three doses per day if cramps and diarrhea persist. I would have added to this dry meals without fruit or vegetables for 48 hours, ie, no fluid of