tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fate of childhood cancer survivors comes under increasing scrutiny
Authors: C. A. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THEIR NUMBERS approach 50 000. They range in age from early teens to late 40s. They are male and female, most white, a very few black. They live in cities, suburbs, and small towns. They share one piece of personal history: they had cancer as a child and survived. As their ranks swell in testimony to the successes of pediatric oncology, new issues are coming under scrutiny. "Until about five or ten years ago, oncologists were happy just to see a kid [alive and] walking down the corridor," notes Elizabeth Thompson, MD, director of the After Cancer Therapy Center at St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tenn. "As cancer has become much more of a chronic illness, now we can focus on the late effects." <h3>Assessing Consequences</h3> Thompson is one of a growing number of investigators across the country who are trying to assess the psychosocial consequences of having been
An Evaluation of DFP32 and CR51 as Methods of Measuring Red Cell Life Span
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgery of the Lung.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Textbook of Gynecology
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Goulstonian Lectures on the Chemistry and Pathology of Gout: Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians, March, 1897
Authors: A. P. Luff
Journal: BMJ (1897)

De.position Encouraedby Concentration of Medium and Pro- portions of Sodium Salt Present.-SirWillihm Roberts found that sodium biurate is very sparingly soluble in blood serum.At blood heat the amount dissolved is about i part in xo,ooo (about one-tenth of its solubility in water).This lessened solubility is entirely due to the saline con- stituents of the plasma, and in particular the sodium salts; thus if a medium be rich in urates but poor in sodium salts, there will be but little tendency to precipitation, and vice versa.Now structures belonging to the connective tissue class are rich in sodium salts, while muscle, brain, liver, and spleen are poor in them, whence the greater liability to uratic deposition in the former.Sir William Roberts further con- siders that uratic precipitation takes place from the synovial fluid, and does not originate in the cartilage.He considers (as opposed to Ebstein's view) that the process of deposition on the cartilage is a purely passive and physical one, and that the synovial fluid, charged with its dissolved urates, penetrates by liquid diffusion into the superficial layers of the cartilage, and that, when the critical moment arrives, precipitation takes place simultaneously in the synovia and in the cartilage.As regards the varying liability of different joints to gouty attacks, Sir William Roberts considers that it is, at all events in part, dependent upon a greater concentration of the synovia on some joints, and on a varying proportion of sodium salts and possibly of sodium biurate.
JAMA Dermatology
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Mission Statement JAMA Dermatology publishes information concerning the skin, its diseases, and their treatment.Its mission is to explicate the structure and function of the skin and its diseases and the art of using this information to deliver optimal medical and surgical care to the patient.We attempt to enhance the understanding of cutaneous pathophysiology and improve the clinician's ability to diagnose and treat skin disorders.This journal has a particular interest in publishing clinical and laboratory studies that reveal new information pertinent to the interests and needs of the medical dermatologist, dermatologic surgeon, and all those concerned with state-of-the-art care of cutaneous disease.We believe that knowledge derived from well-designed clinical trials and studies of cost-effectiveness are especially important for improving the practice of dermatology.Studies that increase the understanding of the outcome of treatment or the means by which the burden of dermatologic disease can be measured and reduced to promote the health of patients with skin disease will receive special priority.The journal regularly publishes reports on clinical investigations, editorials, and reviews.It also features reports and discussions on clinicopathologic correlations; clinical disorders of unique didactic value; pharmacologic, medical and surgical therapeutics; and ethical, moral, socioeconomic, and political issues.
Geriatrics. A Treatise on the Prevention and Treatment of Diseases of Old Age and the Care of the Aged.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hemophilia Centers
Authors: Anthony F. H. Britten
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In this issue ofThe Journal, an article by Scranton et al (p 2028) refers to several cases of hemophilia with inhibitors (anti-factor VIII antibodies) and describes some displeasing neuromuscular complications. These grizzly events are most commonly seen in those major hemophilia treatment centers that tend to attract this type of patient. Yet, the experience described by Scranton et al shows how problems of this sort can also be seen in private medical practice. Hemophiliacs represent perhaps one per 10,000 to 20,000 of the total population. Thus, each million people will include 50 to 100 such patients, of whom perhaps five will have inhibitors. Clearly, few physicians will have the opportunity to gain more than passing experience of this disorder. Yet, the clinical complexity of hemophilia demands specialized expertise. The combination of orthopedic sensitivity and hematologic sophistication exhibited in this article can only be expected in institutions accustomed to hemophilia.
Risk of sexually transmitted disease among black adolescent crack users in Oakland and San Francisco, Calif
Authors: R. E. Fullilove
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Crack cocaine is a smokable form of cocaine hydrochloride that has been associated with increases in crime, increases in admissions to drug treatment programs, and, recently, increases in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among black teenagers. In an exploratory, cross-sectional study of the prevalence of risk behaviors that would promote the dissemination of STDs (including human immunodeficiency virus) among 222 black teenaged crack users, 41% of those interviewed reported a history of an STD. A history of an STD was more likely to be reported by girls (55%) than by boys (34%) and by those who combined crack use with sexual relations (51%) than those who did not (32%). The number of risk behaviors for STDs or human immunodeficiency virus reported by respondents (including failure to use a condom in one's most recent sexual encounter, having had a history of an STD, engaging in exchanges of sex for drugs or money, combining sexual activity with drug use, and reporting five or more sexual partners per year) was evaluated using multiple regression analysis stratified by gender. For girls, a history of selling crack and the number of drugs used on a daily basis were associated with the number of reported risk behaviors (<i>R</i>=.46); for boys who chose the description "I don't know ahead of time if I'm going to have sex—it just happens" and the number of drugs used on a daily basis were associated with the number of reported risk behaviors (<i>R</i>=.31). Because of the impetuous nature of some crack-related sexual activity and because 76% of respondents acknowledged that they were either "very worried" or "somewhat worried" that they might get acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, it is possible that a program of widespread distribution of condoms in neighborhoods where crack use is prevalent might make it possible for the worried, impulsive crack user to practice "safer sex." (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:851-855)
Reducing deaths caused by bronchial asthma
Authors: H. S. Rubenstein
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Strunk et al<sup>1</sup>retrospectively compared the psychological and physiological characteristics of two groups of children with severe bronchial asthma, those who died vs those who did not. The national figures for all deaths from asthma are 2,326 deaths in 1972, 1,876 in 1974, 1,975 in 1976, 1,872 in 1978, 2,891 in 1980, and 3,154 in 1982 (National Center for Health Statistics, written communication, 1985). The authors reported no deaths in their own hospital during this period. Nonetheless, their study unintentionally raises serious questions about patient care, especially about the follow-up plans the hospital arranged and the actual care the patients received after discharge, since patients "died in their home communities after being discharged": Many patients who went on to die had become sicker during the week prior to discharge. Why, then, did the hospital discharge them? Was follow-up care arranged within one or two
Abstract 963: The interplay between lifestyle-related factors and genetics with risk of invasive breast cancer among postmenopausal women from the UK Biobank
Authors: Rhonda S. Arthur, Tao Wang, Thomas Rohan
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Many genetic variants have been associated with increased risk of breast cancer. In contrast, an overall healthy lifestyle has been associated with a reduced risk. However, the degree to which an overall healthy lifestyle may attenuate the impact of genetic variants on risk of breast cancer remains equivocal. In this study, we examined the association of a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) with risk of breast cancer by genetic risk groups. Methods: The study included 106,814 postmenopausal women of white descent aged 40 to 70 years who were enrolled in the UK Biobank cohort between 2006 and 2010. The HLI was based on a combination of diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and anthropometry (ranging from 0 to 20, with the higher scores representing more favorable lifestyle). A polygenic risk score (categorized as low, intermediate and high) was generated as the sum of risk alleles weighted by the logOR of 117 breast cancer associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. A total of 1,949 incident invasive breast cancer cases were ascertained after a median follow-up of 5.7 years. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of a healthy lifestyle risk score with risk of breast cancer by genetic risk groups. Results: Compared to women with an unfavorable lifestyle (lowest quartile), women with a favorable lifestyle (highest quartile) had a 32% reduced risk of invasive breast cancer (HR: 0.68: 0.59, 0.79). Women with high genetic risk (highest tertile) had an 86% increased risk of invasive breast cancer (1.86: 1.66, 2.08) compared to those with low genetic risk (lowest tertile). Compared with women who had an unfavorable lifestyle, a favorable lifestyle did not significantly reduce risk of invasive breast cancer among women with low genetic risk (0.80: 0.63-1.02), while women with a favorable lifestyle had 32% and 43% reduced risk of invasive breast cancer in the intermediate and high genetic risk categories, respectively (0.68: 0.53, 0.86 and 0.57; 0.44, 0.74, respectively). However, interaction between the genetic score and the lifestyle score did not achieve statistical significance (pinteraction=0.162). Conclusion: This study suggests that an overall healthy lifestyle may attenuate the impact of genetics on risk of breast cancer, particularly among women with intermediate and high genetic risk. Citation Format: Rhonda S. Arthur, Tao Wang, Thomas Rohan. The interplay between lifestyle-related factors and genetics with risk of invasive breast cancer among postmenopausal women from the UK Biobank [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 963.
Sexual transmission of viral hepatitis?
Authors: R. J. Fass
Journal: JAMA (1974)

DURING the first half of this century it became apparent that hepatitis was caused by a filterable agent, presumably a virus, and included two epidemiologic entities—infectious hepatitis (IH) and serum hepatitis (SH). Infectious hepatitis or hepatitis A was considered an enteric disease transmitted by the fecal-oral route that could also be transmitted parenterally. It had a short incubation period of 15 to 45 days, a sudden onset, and could be attenuated by the administration of γ-globulin during the incubation period. Serum hepatitis or hepatitis B was not known to be shed in feces and was thought to be transmitted only by parenteral inoculation as occurred with transfusion or exposure to contaminated needles. It had a long incubation period of 60 to 160 days, an insidious onset, and could not be attenuated by the administration of γ-globulin. Since clinical differentiation was often difficult or impossible, cases without a clear-cut history of
Premature Ejaculation
Authors: Edward Dengrove
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the July 21 issue ofThe Journal(<b>181</b>:278), there appears, in the "Questions and Answers" section, a problem concerning premature ejaculation. Dr. Cook correctly notes that this disorder is a rather frequent complication of anxiety and tension. However, since prematurity is so rarely a result of organic cause, cystourethroscopic examination should be performed only when other indications for this unpleasant ordeal are present. In the letter, there is no information from the wife as to what she considers a premature ejaculation. This is particularly important, as she never reaches orgasm. Her husband's timing might well be adequate, while her need might call for an ability beyond that of the ordinary male. The chief cause of premature ejaculation is infrequent coitus, something not usually considered. Initially, the male puts off intercourse, whether it be because of fatigue, business worries, difficulty with his spouse, or unconscious conflict.
Useful Drugs.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Airway epithelial cell responses to ozone injury.
Authors: G D Leikauf, L G Simpson, J Santrock, Q Zhao, J Abbinante-Nissen, S Zhou, K E Driscoll
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The airway epithelial cells is an important target in ozone injury. Once activated, the airway epithelium responds in three phases. The initial, or immediate phase, involves activation of constitutive cells, often through direct covalent interactions including the formation of secondary ozonolysis products--hydroxyhydroperoxides, aldehydes, and hydrogen peroxide. Recently, we found hydroxyhydroperoxides to be potent agonists of bioactive eicosanoid formation by human airway epithelial cells in culture. Other probable immediate events include activation and inactivation of enzymes present on the epithelial surface (e.g., neutral endopeptidase). During the next 2 to 24 hr, or early phase, epithelial cells respond by synthesis and release of chemotactic factors, including chemokines--macrophage inflammatory protein-2, RANTES, and interleukin-8. Infiltrating leukocytes during this period also release elastase, an important agonist of epithelial cell mucus secretion and additional chemokine formation. The third (late) phase of ozone injury is characterized by eosinophil or monocyte infiltration. Cytokine expression leads to alteration of structural protein synthesis, with increases in fibronectin evident by in situ hybridization. Synthesis of epithelial antiproteases, e.g., secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, may also increase locally 24 to 48 hr after elastase concentrations become excessive. Thus, the epithelium is not merely a passive barrier to ozone injury but has a dynamic role in directing the migration, activating, and then counteracting inflammatory cells. Through these complex interactions, epithelial cells can be viewed as the initiators (alpha) and the receptors (omega) of ozone-induced airway disease.
SWITZERLAND
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal