tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal transit in cirrhotic patients: Effect of hepatic encephalopathy and its treatment
Authors: D Van Thiel
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Chronic hepatic encephalopathy is highly responsive to changes in diet, to antibiotic therapy and to ingestion of nondigestible disaccharides. The precise pathophysiology of chronic hepatic encephalopathy in individual cases is highly variable, although ammonia toxicity and production of neurotransmitterlike substances in the gut have been proposed to contribute to the overall syndrome of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. The support for this hypothesis is based on the empiric observation that reduction in protein intake, a catharsis or both are effective treatments for chronic hepatic encephalopathy. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of mild subclinical and low-grade (grade 0 to 1) chronic hepatic encephalopathy on gastric emptying and oral-cecal transit times. Thirty patients were studied. Ten had no evidence of chronic hepatic encephalopathy, as determined with a battery of neuropsychiatric studies (group 1); 10 had subclinical hepatic encephalopathy, as judged on the basis of abnormal neuropsychiatric test performance but normal neurological examination (group 2); and 10 had grade 1 hepatic encephalopathy. Each underwent a liquid gastric emptying study and a lactulose oral-cecal transit time study. No significant differences between groups were evident in the results of the gastric emptying studies. In contrast, the time required for a lactulose load to reach the cecum was significantly greater in the patients with hepatic encephalopathy (p < 0.01) and increased as a function of the hepatic encephalopathy grade. More interesting was that when those patients with hepatic encephalopathy were treated for 1 wk with oral neomycin (2 gm/day) and reduction in protein intake to 40 gm/day, the oral-cecal transit time declined significantly to levels seen in subjects without clinical or neuropsychiatric evidence of chronic hepatic encephalopathy. These data suggest that (a) chronic hepatic encephalopathy is associated with prolongation of oral-cecal transit that cannot be attributed to delay in gastric emptying and (b) treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy with antibiotics and protein restriction reduces oral-cecal transit. These data suggest but do not prove that chronic hepatic encephalopathy is a self-perpetuating disease process wherein progressive delay in oral-cecal transit allows for greater enteric production of ammonia and other putative encephalogenic materials of dietary origin. (Hepatology 1994;19:67–71).
Microbial community function and biomarker discovery in the human microbiome
Authors: Nicola Segata, Sahar Abubucker, Johannes Goll, Alyxandria M Schubert, Jacques Izard, Brandi L Cantarel, Beltran Rodriguez-Mueller, Levi Waldron, Jeremy Zucker, Mathangi Thiagarajan, Bernard Henrissat, Owen White, Scott T Kelley, Barbara Methé, Patrick D Schloss, Wendy S Garrett, Dirk Gevers, Makedonka Mitreva, Curtis Huttenhower
Journal: Genome biology (2011)
Asbestos bodies in carcinoma of colon in an insulation worker with asbestosis
Authors: A. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (1985)

CARCINOMAS involving the gastrointestinal tract, as a group, are the most common forms of cancer in the United States, with the colon and the rectum being the most frequently involved sites. Geographic pathology suggests that environmental factors play a strong role in the etiology of these tumors. There is an increase in the number of deaths from colon cancer in asbestos workers. In a study of 17,800 asbestos insulation workers, instead of 38.1 expected deaths due to cancer of the colon and rectum, there were 59.<sup>1</sup>Other studies support the association between asbestos exposure and colon-rectal cancer.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 66-year-old asbestos insulator had worked for over 32 years putting asbestos around pipes and removing asbestos from old pipes. Dyspnea on exertion, without angina, started about 1967. Clubbing of fingers and bilateral extensive rales were found on physical examination. The clinical diagnosis of advanced asbestosis was
Syphilis: An Algorithm
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Integrated Mutational and Cytogenetic Analysis Identifies New Prognostic Subgroups in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Davide Rossi, Silvia Rasi, Valeria Spina, Alessio Bruscaggin, Sara Monti, Carmela Ciardullo, Hossein Khiabanian, Roberto Serra, Francesco Bertoni, Francesco Forconi, Luca Laurenti, Roberto Marasca, Pietro Bulian, Josep Nomdedeu, Valter Gattei, Laura Pasqualucci, Raul Rabadan, Robin Foà, Riccardo Dalla-Favera, Gianluca Gaidano
Journal: Blood (2012)
Long-term exposure to low-level air pollution and incidence of asthma: the ELAPSE project
Authors: Shuo Liu, Jeanette Therming Jørgensen, Petter Ljungman, Göran Pershagen, Tom Bellander, Karin Leander, Patrik K.E. Magnusson, Debora Rizzuto, Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Kathrin Wolf, Barbara Hoffmann, Bert Brunekreef, Maciej Strak, Jie Chen, Amar Mehta, Richard W. Atkinson, Mariska Bauwelinck, Raphaëlle Varraso, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Jørgen Brandt, Giulia Cesaroni, Francesco Forastiere, Daniela Fecht, John Gulliver, Ole Hertel, Kees de Hoogh, Nicole A.H. Janssen, Klea Katsouyanni, Matthias Ketzel, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Gabriele Nagel, Bente Oftedal, Annette Peters, Anne Tjønneland, Sophia P. Rodopoulou, Evangelia Samoli, Doris Tove Kristoffersen, Torben Sigsgaard, Massimo Stafoggia, Danielle Vienneau, Gudrun Weinmayr, Gerard Hoek, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2021)

Background Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been linked to childhood-onset asthma, although evidence is still insufficient. Within the multicentre project Effects of Low-Level Air Pollution: A Study in Europe (ELAPSE), we examined the associations of long-term exposures to particulate matter with a diameter &lt;2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and black carbon (BC) with asthma incidence in adults. Methods We pooled data from three cohorts in Denmark and Sweden with information on asthma hospital diagnoses. The average concentrations of air pollutants in 2010 were modelled by hybrid land-use regression models at participants’ baseline residential addresses. Associations of air pollution exposures with asthma incidence were explored with Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Of 98 326 participants, 1965 developed asthma during a mean follow-up of 16.6 years. We observed associations in fully adjusted models with hazard ratios of 1.22 (95% CI 1.04–1.43) per 5 μg·m −3 for PM 2.5 , 1.17 (95% CI 1.10–1.25) per 10 µg·m −3 for NO 2 and 1.15 (95% CI 1.08–1.23) per 0.5×10 −5 m −1 for BC. Hazard ratios were larger in cohort subsets with exposure levels below the European Union and US limit values and possibly World Health Organization guidelines for PM 2.5 and NO 2 . NO 2 and BC estimates remained unchanged in two-pollutant models with PM 2.5 , whereas PM 2.5 estimates were attenuated to unity. The concentration–response curves showed no evidence of a threshold. Conclusions Long-term exposure to air pollution, especially from fossil fuel combustion sources such as motorised traffic, was associated with adult-onset asthma, even at levels below the current limit values.
Hemolytic anemia associated with cephalothin
Authors: H. R. Gralnick
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Two patients developed Coombs' positive hemolytic anemia while receiving cephalothin sodium therapy. An anticephalothin antibody was detected in the IgG fraction of sera and in the red blood cell (RBC) eluates in both patients. This complication of cephalothin therapy is rare, and must be differentiated from the positive Coombs' reaction seen in the majority of patients receiving cephalothin. In any patient receiving cephalothin, unexplained hemolysis must include a search for anticephalothin and antipenicillin antibodies on the RBC before the drug can be implicated in any hemolytic episode.
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Guidelines
Authors: _ _
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2007)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) accounts for 15% of adult leukemias. In 2007, an estimated 4500 cases will be diagnosed and 900 patients will die of the disease. The goal of CML therapy is complete remission, which typically progresses from hematologic to cytogenetic remission. These updated 2007 guidelines include changes to several treatment recommendations, including considerations for imatinib dosing, the use of interferon, and management of dasatinib toxicity. Recommendations for hematopoetic stem cell transplantation have also been updated. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
Breast cancer detection and treatment revisited
Authors: M. Moskowitz
Journal: JAMA (1979)

SEVERAL points are in order concerning the article by Maurice S. Fox, PhD, that was recently published in<i>JAMA</i>(241:489-494, 1979). Fox chooses to interpret the Connecticut Tumor Registry's survival and mortality data (unpublished, 1973 to 1975), as indicating that many, if not most, stage I cancers are clinically indolent and biologically insignificant. This, however, is only one of many possible interpretations. For example, it is equally possible that the increase in incidence of breast cancer is real, and the reason for stable mortality is the fact that there has been a conspicuous downstaging of the disease. Another possibility is that treatment has improved and that stable mortality is a reflection of that improvement. Other interpretations and hypotheses could be inferred from these data, and it is clear that no single hypothesis can hold sway over the others without conclusive scientific proof. <h3>Stage at Detection</h3> There is clear proof available
Filler Text
Authors: George Bernard Shaw
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Reviews15 June 1998Filler TextGeorge Bernard ShawGeorge Bernard ShawSubmitted by: Neil L. Kao, MD; Beavercreek, OH 45440Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-12_Part_1-199806150-00009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Some men see things as they are and say, “Why?” I dream things that never were, and say, “Why not?”George Bernard ShawSubmitted by:Neil L. Kao, MDBeavercreek, OH 45440Submissions from readers are welcomed. If the quotation is published, the sender's name will be acknowledged. Please include a complete citation, as done for any reference. −The Editor. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Submitted by: Neil L. Kao, MD; Beavercreek, OH 45440 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRecovery From Hip Fracture in Eight Areas of Function 15 June 1998Volume 128, Issue 12_Part_1Page: 1010-1020 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Movement Disorders
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ROTAVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS
Authors: A V Bartlett, A J Bednarz-Prashad, H L DuPont, L K Pickering
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1987)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
SEA BURIAL.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of Legionnaires' Disease
Authors: Jeffery J. Zuravleff
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A prospective clinical study of 40 cases of legionnaires' disease combined with serial laboratory examinations enabled us to present an update as well as new recommendations concerning the use of diagnostic tests for legionnaires' disease. Transtracheal aspirate specimens are the optimal specimen for recovery of<i>Legionella pneumophila</i>by culture as well as the most sensitive method for early diagnosis. In addition, with recent improvements in culture media and methodology,<i>L pneumophila</i>can now be readily isolated from sputum. Examination of respiratory specimens by direct immunofluorescence (DFA) is useful, but the sensitivity is much less than that of culture. The yield from DFA examination directly correlates with the number of<i>L pneumophila</i>recoverable by cultural methods; thus, the DFA test result may be negative in an early or mild case of legionnaires' disease. Antibody titers were elevated in 27% of cases within one week of onset of pneumonia and may, therefore, be useful in early diagnosis in selected patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:1981-1985)
Diseases of the Ear.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Documented Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in Wintertime
Authors: James V. Lange
Journal: JAMA (1982)

ROCKY Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is the most severe rickettsial disease of man in North America and is generally considered to be a seasonal disease.<sup>1-3</sup>The overwhelming majority of cases occur between the months of April and October.<sup>4,5</sup>This mostly warm-weather period also happens to be the time of maximum activity of the ixodid ticks that serve as both reservoir and vector for the disease. We report a case of RMSF during a prolonged cold winter period in February 1981 in North Carolina. This case is interesting not only because of its temporal occurrence but also because the etiologic agent was isolated and there was no tick bite history associated with it. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In early February 1981, a 6-year-old boy, a resident of rural eastern North Carolina who resides in a single-family dwelling on a partially cleared 3-acre wooded tract with his parents, two siblings
A Guide for Developing Psychiatric Social Work in State Hospitals
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IS DIABETES INCREASING?
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
QuickStats: Percentage* of Adults Aged ≥18 Years with Two or More Visits to an Emergency Department† in the Previous 12 Months, by Home Ownership§ and Age Group — National Health Interview Survey,¶ United States, 2015
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

With 95% confidence intervals indicated with error bars.† Based on a response to the following question on sample adult questionnaire: "During the past 12 months, how many times have you gone to a hospital emergency room about your own health?(This includes emergency room visits that resulted in a hospital admission.)"§ Defined by family respondent's answer to the following question on family core questionnaire: "Is this house/ apartment owned or being bought, rented, or occupied by some other arrangement by [you/or someone in your family]?" ¶ Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the noninstitutionalized U.S. civilian population and are derived from the National Health Interview Survey family core and sample adult components.