tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II trial of bevacizumab and temozolomide for upfront treatment of elderly patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
Authors: Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu, Hye Hyun Bahng, Albert Lai, Nadia Faiq, William H. Yong, Richard M. Green, Jonathan Polikoff, Cynthia Elizabeth Spier, Fabio Massaiti Iwamoto, Andrew B. Lassman, Timothy Francis Cloughesy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

2012 Background: Randomized clinical trials in newly diagnosed, elderly GBM patients have shown that treatment with temozolomide chemotherapy is at least equivalent to treatment with radiotherapy. Glioblastoma in elderly patients may also have high angiogenic activities. Bevacizumab is an antiangiogenic agent, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor. We conduct a clinical trial of temozolomide and bevacizumab to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this combination in the treatment of elderly patients with newly diagnosed GBM, good performance status, and willing to forgo upfront treatment with radiation therapy. Methods: This is a phase II trial of newly diagnosed GBM patients age ≥70 with no prior treatments other than surgery and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) ≥60. Patients receive treatments 4-6 weeks after surgery with bevacizumab (10mg/kg every 2 weeks) and temozolomide (150-200 mg/m 2 for 5 days out of 28 days, up to 12 cycles) until tumor progression. Primary outcome measures are overall survival and safety evaluations. Results: From June 2010 to January 2016, 50 GBM patients enrolled in this study. To date, all patients have tumor progression and 3 are still alive. The median age is 75 (range 70 - 87), and median KPS is 80 (range 60-100). 15 patients have a gross total resection. 26 out of 49 patients with tissues available for evaluation have methylation of the MGMT promoter, and no patient has IDH-1 mutation. Median overall survival is 12.3 months (14.8 months for those with methylation of MGMT, 10.0 months for unmethylated MGMT). Serious adverse events related to treatments include wound healing problems (2), CNS hemorrhage (3), pulmonary embolism (4), and bowel perforation (1). Serious hematological adverse events include thrombocytopenia (3) and neutropenia (5). Conclusions: For patients with newly diagnosed GBM age ≥70, KPS ≥60, treatment with temozolomide and bevacizumab may show promising survival benefits and have tolerable side effects. More detailed safety and efficacy analysis will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT01149850.
Methamphetamine Abuse
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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Corrections in the History of the Sections.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

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SIR WILLIAM OSLER—CENTENARY ANNIVERSARY
Journal: JAMA (1949)

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Controlled Human Exposures to Ortho-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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Paediatric Urology
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Some years ago a book reviewer called for an end to the division between urology and nephrology. A solemn attempt to unite them has been made in this book. The editor intends to satisfy the interests "of all concerned with the treatment of childhood disease." To this end, he assigned the 35 chapters to authors from four disciplines: two urologists, two pediatric surgeons, three pediatricians, and a radiologist. He further intends the book "primarily as a practical guide for surgeons" and has directed it to the postgraduate level, providing "an account of the observed facts and of our attitude towards treatment." Although weighted heavily on the side of urology, the subject matter is indeed extensive, ranging from pseudohypoaldosteronism to circumcision, from the oculocerebrorenal syndrome to the current concept of the uninhibited bladder. The editor assumes that surgical readers will already be "well acquainted... with the technique of commonly employed operations."
Incidence of Childhood Disease in Belarus Associated with the Chernobyl Accident
Authors: Leonid Lomat, Galina Galburt, Michael R. Quastel, Semion Polyakov, Alexey Okeanov, Semion Rozin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Study of the childhood incidence of cancer and other diseases in Belarus is of great importance because of the present unfavorable environmental situation.About 20% of the children in the republic were exposed in various degrees to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident.Since 1987 increases in the incidence of most classes of disease have been reported, including the development of thyroid cancer.From 1987 to 1995, thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 424 children; its incidence having increased from 0.2 to 4.0/105 in 1995.According to preliminary data for 1996, 81 childhood cancer cases were reported.During 1995 there also were increases in the incidence of endocrine and dermatologic diseases and mental disorders.During the period 1987 to 1995 significant increases in the incidences of all illnesses were observed for children listed in the Chernobyl registry.The highest incidence rates were found in evacuated children and those residing in contaminated areas.There also were increased incidences of thyroid and digestive organ diseases among these children and in addition, high prevalence of chronic tonsillitis and adenoiditis was observed.Since 1990 an increase of autoimmune thyroiditis has been observed.The highest rates of hematopoietic tissue diseases were found in children born after the accident to irradiated parents.
08.32 Fc gamma receptor iv enhances bone erosion in experimental arthritis by promoting influx of pmns
Authors: Irene Di Ceglie, Giuliana Ascone, Martijn van den Bosch, Sjef Verbeek, Peter van der Kraan, Peter van Lent
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> FcγRs are involved in regulation of synovial activation and bone destruction during immune complex (IC)-mediated arthritis. The balance between activating FcγRs (FcγRI,III and IV) and inhibiting FcγRII determines synovial activation. Here we investigated the particular role of activating FcγRIV in bone erosion in IC-mediated antigen induced arthritis (AIA) by comparing FcγRI,II,III,IV<sup>-/-</sup> mice, FcγRI,II,III<sup>-/-</sup> mice and wild type controls (WT). <h3>Material and methods</h3> AIA was induced by injection of mBSA into knee joints of mice previously immunised with mBSA/CFA. Joint inflammation, bone destruction, number of TRAP<sup>+</sup> osteoclasts and S100A8/A9 positive cells was determined using histology and immunohistochemistry. <i>In vitro</i> osteoclastogenesis was assessed using TRAP staining. <h3>Results</h3> Seven days after induction of AIA, we observed decreased inflammation and bone erosion in the knee joints of FcγRI,II,III,IV<sup>-/-</sup> mice compared to WT. The ability of bone marrow cells of FcγRI,II,III,IV<sup>-/-</sup> mice to differentiate into osteoclasts <i>in vitro</i> was comparable to the one of WT controls. Moreover, we observed comparable numbers of TRAP<sup>+</sup> osteoclasts on the bone surface of FcγRI/II/III/IV<sup>-/-</sup> and WT arthritic mice, suggesting that the observed decrease in bone erosion is mainly caused by a reduced osteoclast activity, rather than decreased osteoclast number. However, in contrast to FcγRI/II/III/IV<sup>-/-</sup>, AIA induction in knee joints of FcγRI/II/III <sup>-/-</sup> resulted in increased bone erosion and inflammation compared to WT, highlighting the possible crucial role of FcγRIV in the pathology. Interestingly, the increased cell influx in FcγRI/II/III<sup>-/-</sup> mainly consisted of PMNs, whereas induction of AIA resulted in decreased PMN number in FcγRI/II/III/IV<sup>-/-</sup>, compared to their WT controls. This observation suggests that particularly FcγRIV is involved in regulating influx of PMNs. PMNs are potent producers of alarmins S100A8/A9 which are described to promote osteoclast activity. In line the number of S100A8/A9 positive cells in synovium was increased in FcγRI/II/III<sup>-/-</sup> while decreased in FcγRI/II/III/IV<sup>-/-</sup>, compared to their WT control. <h3>Conclusions</h3> FcγRIV promotes bone erosion in AIA by enhancing influx of PMNs within the synovium. PMNs are potent producers of S100A8/A9 which has been described to induce osteoclast activity.
How some hearts age
Authors: W. Dock
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Aging of the heart has not impressed the physician, although the striking anatomic change, brown atrophy, has long been known and recently has been emphasized by quantitative studies.<sup>1</sup>The electron microscope has shown that there are comparable changes in the mitochondria,<sup>2</sup>and the biochemists measure the decline in the enzymes needed to maintain contraction.<sup>3</sup>The nervous elements also atrophy,<sup>4</sup>so that the heart can less effectively mobilize the catecholamines which augment the speed and force of contraction when the circulatory needs are increased by stress. The observations of I. Starr and his disciples on the change in headfoot ballistocardiograms and pulse contours in an aging "normal" population,<sup>5,6</sup>and those of Harrison's group on the motion of the precordium,<sup>7</sup>seem to point to a steady decline in the force of contraction and rise in resistance to diastolic filling, from nonage to nonagenarity. The data on
Familial Neuroblastoma
Authors: P Kusumakumary, R Ankathil, T Priyakumari, K Nair
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common malignant solid tumor in childhood, accounting for about 40% of the solid children's neoplasms on the Japanese registry in 1993. It is known that some cases of NB are hereditary, but their incidence is very low. We report two patients with adrenal familial NBs and review the literature on familial NB. Two hit theory was proposed to explain the occurrence of hereditary and non-hereditary NBs. This theory supports the fact that the median age at diagnosis is much younger and the incidence of multiple primaries is higher in the familial NB than in non-familial cases. As therapy for NB improves and more children survive to adulthood, there will be more opportunity to study their offspring.
Phase II Trial of Initial Safety and Toxicity Prior to the Phase III Trial of Lenalidomide Versus Observation Alone in Patients with Asymptomatic High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (E3A06): A Trial Coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
Authors: Sagar Lonial, Susanna Jacobus, Matthias Weiss, Rafael Fonseca, Madhav V. Dhodapkar, S. Vincent Rajkumar
Journal: Blood (2012)
The Medical Examination for Life Insurance and Its Associated Clinical Methods, with Chapters on the Insurance of Substandard Lives and Accident Insurance.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obituary Listing
Journal: JAMA (1992)

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MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

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Clarification of Conflict of Interest Disclosures in: Preventing Depression: A Global Priority
Authors: Sam Harper, Dinela Rushani, Jay Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our analysis is limited by reliance on the underlying cause of death, which may underestimate the contribution of factors involved in multiple causes.The black-white life expectancy gap is still large, and declines since 2003 due to HIV and heart disease are a positive development, but rapid increases in accidental death among whites also have contributed to this change.
PARIS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

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Books Received
Authors: A.K. Risch, S. Taeger, J. Brüdern, U. Stangier, Willemijn D. Scholten, Neeltje M. Batelaan, Patricia van Oppen, Johannes H. Smit, Anton J.L.M. van Balkom, Karl Rickels, Bijan Etemad, Moira A. Rynn, Falk W. Lohoff, Laura A. Mandos, Robert Gallop, Richard Balon, Karl Rickels, Elena Tomba, Giovanni Andrea Fava, Allan A. Abbass, Joel M. Town, Denise C. Bernier, Anette Kersting, Ruth Dölemeyer, Yutaka Matsuoka, Daisuke Nishi, Kei Hamazaki, Francesca Venditti, Fiammetta Cosci, Olivia Bernini, Carmen Berrocal, Franz Caspar, Xudong Zhao, Riccardo Dalle Grave, Simona Calugi, Maddalena Conti, Helen Doll, Christopher G. Fairburn, Jana Steinig, Franziska Walter, Kristin Kroker, Katja Baust, Birgit Wagner, Norio Watanabe, Toshi A. Furukawa, Shinji Shimodera, Fujika Katsuki, Hirokazu Fujita, Megumi Sasaki, Yousuke Suga, Kyoko Kakeda, Michael L. Perlis, Emanuela Offidani, Jenny Guidi, Alan N. Simmons, Sonya B. Norman, Andrea D. Spadoni, Irina A. Strigo, Satz Mengensatzproduktion, Druck Reinhardt Druck Basel, Druck Reinhardt Druck Basel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2013)
Immunity Against Contagious Diseases: Inadequacies
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Rubella is a mild viral disease occurring usually in early childhood. It would be disregarded except for the fact that when the disease occurs in a pregnant woman, strong likelihood exists that the fetus will suffer serious adverse effects. This fact accounts for the extensive efforts to administer rubella vaccine to all children to ensure that they will not acquire and transmit the disease to nonimmune pregnant mothers. Schiff et al<sup>1</sup>, reported the extent of rubella susceptibility among high school students in a remote resort town in north central Wisconsin. Blood was collected from the students during school hours and later tested for rubella immunity at the Clinical Virology Laboratories in Cincinnati. With parental permission, 127 boys and 215 girls participated, only ten of whom had received rubella immunization. Although 37% of the students gave a history of previous rubella, there was no correlation between the history and susceptibility