tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heberden Society
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1954)

it is Swiss in origin (from the University of Basel) and won the Jubilee Prize of the Swiss Radio- logical Association in 1952.It is a comprehensive radiological study of the cervical spine in health and in degenerative disease and trauma; films depict the spine at "rest" and in flexion, extension, rotation, and sideflexion.The movement of each vertebra (measured in degrees from the vertical plane) has been calculated in healthy young adults, and this gives a quantitative standard for comparison in assessing the loss of function in pathological processes.Of particular interest is the chapter which deals with the x-ray appearances of the cervical spine in wrestlers, whose necks are liable to be subjected to unusual stresses.Although these men were symptom-free the degree of spondylosis present was out of all proportion to age.The photographs are excellent and the paper of firstclass quality.In spite of minor blemishes, such as the absence of an index, the book will prove to be of interest to all those whose work brings them into contact with x-ray films of the cervical spine.
NITROGENOUS ELIMINATION AND DIAPHORESIS IN CONNECTION WITH DISEASES OF THE KIDNEYS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chapped Hands
Authors: Oscar Wilde
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Hail to the masters of serendipity! LetThe Journalrecord, not a great discovery, but a small boon which adds a touch of elegance to everyday office practice and mitigates a common nuisance. Every housewife knows that with the coming of cold weather her chronically wet hands will become rough, red, uncomfortable, and perhaps fissured. The medical practitioner who washes his hands frequently will also find his hands becoming chapped and then he and the houewife alike will engage in the never ending, never successful search for the magic hand cream to end all this. Recently, when my towels became wet and soggy from repeated use in the office, I put one of them on the hot-air instrument sterilizer; this resulted not only in a dry towel but in a wonderful warm towel. The comfort of a warm towel must be experienced to be appreciated; it is
Macrophage Functions after Exposure to Mineral Fibers
Authors: F. Tilkes, E. G. Beck
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

UICC, other well-defined asbestos samples and different man-made mineral fibers (MMM) such as glass fiber and synthetic amphibole asbestos were studied in vitro by using rat and guinea pig lung macrophages. These samples had relatively narrow length and diameter spectra. Most of the fiber samples were added to the cultures on a gravimetric basis, although some were added on a numerical basis. Electrocorundum and DQ12 (Dorentruper Quartz) were used as controls at comparable gravimetrical concentrations. The assays used were the release of lactate dehydrogenase (to demonstrate plasma membrane permeability) and the release of beta-glucuronidase (to indicate lysosomal permeability). Carbohydrate metabolism was monitored by the measurement of lactic acid production and, as one of the tests for macrophage function, the production of lysozyme was determined. The phagocytic ability of the cells was measured, after the addition of opsonized zymosan, by bioluminescence following luminol enhancement. Only some results could be evaluated, however, due to technical difficulties. A length- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity of the fibers was found in this system which was similar to that previously described with permanent cell lines. No great differences were found between fibers having different physicochemical compositions if their geometric dimensions were similar. Long, very thin fibers of glass, chrysotile, crocidolite and synthetic fluoroamphiboles were all toxic in the test system.
Letter: The solitary thyroid nodule.
Authors: W Seymour, M Lessof, R Hughes, W Lessof, M In Prepara- Tion
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Positive results have been found in only one of 102 normal blood donors and in two of 149 patients with a variety of diseases.Of eight patients with relapsing polychondritis tested, three had positive matrix fluorescence and one other showed a weakly positive re- action.3-Weare, etc.,
Colon Cancer
Authors: Al B. Benson, J. Pablo Arnoletti, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Emily Chan, Yi-Jen Chen, Michael A. Choti, Harry S. Cooper, Raza A. Dilawari, Paul F. Engstrom, Peter C. Enzinger, James W. Fleshman, Charles S. Fuchs, Jean L. Grem, James A. Knol, Lucille A. Leong, Edward Lin, Kilian Salerno May, Mary F. Mulcahy, Kate Murphy, Eric Rohren, David P. Ryan, Leonard Saltz, Sunil Sharma, David Shibata, John M. Skibber, William Small, Constantinos T. Sofocleous, Alan P. Venook, Christopher Willett
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2011)

OverviewColorectal cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States.In 2011, an estimated 101,340 new cases of colon cancer and approximately 39,870 cases of rectal cancer will occur.During the same year, an estimated 49,380 people will die of colon and rectal cancer combined. 1Despite these statistics, the incidence per 100,000 of colon and rectal cancers has decreased from 60.5 in 1976 to 46.4 in 2005. 2 In addition, mortality from colorectal cancer has decreased by almost 35% from 1990 to 2007, 1 possibly because of earlier diagnosis through screening and better treatment modalities.
DISINFECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early-Childhood Membranous Nephropathy Due to Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Connie Park, Megin Nichols, Stephanie Schrag
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

corrections ed on 500 mg of intravenous vancomycin after dialysis.His initial blood cultures grew S. agalactiae with a vancomycin MIC of 4 μg per milliliter, which was noted 12 days after discharge.His infection was clinically resolved at that time, so vancomycin was stopped.Isolates were identified as vancomycin-nonsusceptible group B streptococci by local and state health authorities and sent to the Streptococcus Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, where both strains were confirmed as capsular serotype II, multilocus sequence type 22 S. agalactiae.The strains differed in resistance pattern, with the New York strain showing resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin (Table 1).The two strains tested positive on polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay for a 941-bp vanG amplicon found in Enterococcus faecalis with the use of primers EG1 and EG2. 3 Subsequent unidirectional and conventional PCR and sequencing 4 of the vanG amplicon termini revealed putative vanW and vanXY counterparts in each strain, with each of the three gene pairs sharing sequence similarity (89.8%, 91.0%, and 95.7% identity between vanW, vanG, and vanXY, respectively).Furthermore, the New York strain shared complete sequence identity over the contiguous 2658-bp overlap with the corresponding E. faecalis vanG sequence (GenBank accession number, DQ212986; GenBank accession numbers for the two sequences of group B streptococcus, KF722997 and KF722998).We report laboratory-confirmed clinical group B streptococcus isolates showing vancomycin resistance.The divergence in vanG sequences and lack of an epidemiologic link suggest independent resistance acquisitions.Further studies are necessary to identify the origin and mode of acquisition of the resistance mechanism, along with the clinical effect.These cases emphasize the importance of continued surveillance for resistant group B streptococcus.It may be important to establish vancomycin breakpoints for group B streptococcus and guidance for clinical laboratory testing.Clinicians and laboratories should be encouraged to report suspected vancomycin-resistant group B streptococcus to health authorities for confirmation, since this resistance profile may be emerging.
"BUSY DOCTOR."
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE DEFENSIVE REACTIONS OF ANIMALS INFECTED WITH SPIROCHAETA PALLIDA
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Potential Role of Redox Cycling as a Mechanism for Chemical Teratogenesis
Authors: Mont R. Juchau, Alan G. Fantel, Craig Harris, Bruce K. Beyer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

A survey of the literature indicates that several chemicals whose reduced metabolites are capable of undergoing redox cycling in biological systems also possess significant teratogenic properties when tested in vivo. We have initiated investigations to determine whether the embryotoxic effects of such chemicals could result from their redox cycling properties and whether redox cycling could be an important mechanism in chemical teratogenesis. In order to obviate the potentially confounding influences of maternal factors, our initial studies have been performed with a whole embryo culture system with redox cycling agents added directly to the culture medium. Several representative redox cycling agents including doxorubicin, paraquat, a series of nitroheterocycles, nitrosofluorene, and diethylstilbestrol (converted metabolically to redox cycling quinone/semiquinone radicals) have been investigated thus far. The nitroheterocycles which bear nitro groups with comparatively high redox potentials produced a striking, asymmetric defect involving primarily the right half of the prosencephalic and mesencephalic regions. The effect was exacerbated under conditions of low O2 tension. Accumulated data to date strongly suggest that reduction of the nitro group is an essential feature in the embryotoxic mechanism. Quinones (doxorubicin, paraquat) and compounds metabolically converted to quinones (diethylstilbestrol) appeared to produce embryotoxic effects via mechanisms not associated with redox cycling. Nitrosofluorene embryotoxicity was markedly exacerbated by changes in both intra- and extracellular glutathione levels, but definitive dependence on a radical-mediated effect or redox cycling was not demonstrated.
The Prophylactic Value of Scarlet Fever Antitoxin
Authors: J. H. Garrett
Journal: BMJ (1926)

Damage to progestin containing contraceptive implants has been reported for Implanon® rods but there appear to be few reports of damage to Nexplanon® rods. This report describes 2 cases of Nexplanon® rod breakage in an 18-year-old female and a 25-year-old female. The literature regarding damaged progestin implants is reviewed. These reports often involve an alteration in menstrual bleeding pattern and patients frequently request removal of bent or broken implants. The overall incidence of rod breakage and impact of damaged implants on contraceptive efficacy is not clear. Evidence based guidelines to inform management of suspected damage to contraceptive implants would be helpful. In the meantime, a shared decision-making process offering removal and replacement of damaged implants would seem reasonable.
Changing disease patterns in South Asians in the UK
Authors: M Justin S Zaman, Punam Mangtani
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Cancer is perceived to be a low priority public health issue in South Asians. Yet changing lifestyles and environments towards those of the majority population are shifting epidemiological patterns. Similar patterns will occur in other disease areas. Lack of community awareness of these changes will result in increased exposure to risk factors, poor uptake in screening and delayed clinical presentation.
Cost of Lost Productive Work Time Among US Workers With Depression—Correction
Authors: Margaret Cooley, Vladimir Bakalov, Carolyn Bondy
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Comment.We found that healthy, young, nonobese women with Turner syndrome exhibit an atherogenic lipid profile compared with 46,XX women of the same age and body composition with premature ovarian failure.Since advancing age is associated with decreasing levels of HDL-C and increasing levels of LDL-C, this unfavorable lipid profile may contribute to the excess mortality in women with Turner syndrome. 1Interestingly, in contrast to the obesity-related "metabolic syndrome," insulin sensitivity measured by fasting levels of insulin and glucose appears to be normal in these young women with Turner syndrome.Because the 2 groups in this study are similar in gonadal status, adiposity, and lifestyle factors influencing lipid metabolism, the atherogenic lipid profile in Turner syndrome may be caused by haploinsufficiency for as-yet unknown X-chromosome gene(s).Given that a number of Xchromosome genes escape inactivation yet do not have a Ychromosome homologue, 7 some of these genes may contribute to the the more favorable lipid profiles of healthy 46,XX women compared with men.
Toothpick-related injuries in the United States, 1979 through 1982
Authors: L. D. Budnick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

From 1979 to 1982, an estimated 8,176 toothpick-related injuries occurred yearly (3.6 per 100,000 population per year). The rate of injury was greatest among children 5 to 14 years old, but children younger than 5 years had a rate of injury to the eyeball and ear more than 20 times greater than that of other persons. Since young children appear to be at greatest risk, toothpicks should be kept out of their reach. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:796-797)
Haptoglobin Electrophoresis
Authors: Allan L. Louderback
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Haptoglobin is a serum glycoprotein whose name is derived from the Greek work<i>haptein</i>(to fix or seize) because it binds free, circulating hemoglobin to form a very stable complex. Haptoglobin is most probably synthesized in the liver<sup>1</sup>and, in complex with hemoglobin, is presumably removed from circulation by the reticuloendothelial system.<sup>2</sup>The haptoglobin level determines the renal threshold of hemoglobin. After the haptoglobin binding capacity is exceeded, free hemoglobin appears in the urine. In humans, three types of haptoglobin which occur in genetically controlled combinations are now recognized: type 1-1, with only one hemoglobin-binding fraction; type 2-2, with three to four hemoglobin-binding fractions; and type 2-1, with five to six hemoglobin-binding fractions, one of which has the same electrophoretic mobility as haptoglobin 1-1.<sup>3</sup>These correspond to three genotypes produced by a single pair of allelic genes. There are subtypes within group 2-1, and a fourth haptoglobin
An epidemiologic study of headache among adolescents and young adults
Authors: M. S. Linet
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Despite extensive description of headache among patients in specialty clinics and general practices in the United States, there have been few community-wide investigations. In a population-based telephone interview study of 10 169 Washington County, Maryland, residents who were 12 through 29 years old, 57.1% of males and 76.5% of females reported that their most recent headache occurred within the previous 4 weeks. Four or more headaches in the preceding month were reported by 6.1% of males and 14.0% of females. The average duration of the subjects' most recent headache was 5.9 hours for males and 8.2 hours for females; 7.9% and 13.9%, respectively, missed part of a day or more of school or work because of that headache. Within the month before interview, 3.0% of males and 7.4% of females had suffered from a migraine headache. Consultations with a physician, by specialty, for headache-related problems are described by sex and age of subjects, as is the use of specific prescription and nonprescription medications. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:2211-2216)
Preventing Suicide
Authors: Richard W. Hudgens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The disorders afflicting most Americans who commit suicide are depression and chronic alcoholism, one or the other of which has been present in the majority of suicides studied in this country.1 , 2 People who have other serious disorders — for example, schizophrenia and drug addiction — are also at risk of suicide; but they are much less numerous than those with alcoholism or depression, so they make up a smaller proportion of suicide victims.Alcoholic suicides have usually been excessive drinkers for many years. Often their habitual drunkenness has impaired their health and has so wrecked their family life and work . . .
Abstract LB-289: Genomic instability and the development of high-grade gliomas
Authors: Lee J. Pribyl, Susanna M. Downing, Cristel V. Camacho, Jon D. Larson, Suzanne J. Baker, Peter J. McKinnon
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Genome stability is crucial for normal mammalian development. Broadly, genome maintenance is carried out by two distinct mechanisms; functional integration of DNA replication and DNA damage response signaling. Neural cells are particularly sensitive to DNA strand breaks and defective DNA damage responses can result in detrimental effects to the nervous system, including neurodegenerative disease and cancer. It remains unclear which DNA repair pathways are critical for preventing DNA damage accumulation in stem and progenitor cells. The same mechanisms that protect progenitor genomes also suppress DNA mutations that can result in cancer. A primary objective of the current study is delineation of key factors for genome stability that prevent tumorigenesis during cortical neurogenesis. We have compared the differential effects of inactivation of homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) towards tumorigenesis by directing their deletion specifically to early cortical progenitors in mouse models. We recently found that coincident loss of either of these repair pathways result in high-grade glioma formation. Furthermore, modelling histone H3 mutations found in human high-grade glioma, specifically the H3.3 K27M mutation, we found that gliomagenesis was accelerated after defective HR (Brca2 loss) or NHEJ (Lig4 loss), although the resultant cancers showed distinct differences in penetrance and diffusion throughout the cortex. Interestingly, gliomas resulting from NHEJ inhibition were more penetrant and diffuse than brain tumors subsequent from HR loss. Gene expression analysis through RNA sequencing is currently being used to identify causative events that drive these individual tumor identities. Embryonic analysis has further shown that inhibition of these repair pathways in combination with the H3.3 K27M mutation results in distinct spatiotemporal DNA damage early in cortical development. Our recent discoveries support cortical progenitor susceptibility to genomic damage is not only influenced by a critical early period of development but also the suppression of specific tumorigenic mutations involving DNA damage repair pathways and histone modifications during neurogenesis. Citation Format: Lee J. Pribyl, Susanna M. Downing, Cristel V. Camacho, Jon D. Larson, Suzanne J. Baker, Peter J. McKinnon. Genomic instability and the development of high-grade gliomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-289.