tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of campylobacter concisus in colonic biopsies from adult patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: I. Mukhopadhya, J. M. Thomson, R. Hansen, B. Alotaibi, S. H. Berry, E. M. El-Omar, G. L. Hold
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The critical role of luminal bacteria in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is well recognised, but an individual causative microorganism has not been singled out so far. <i>Campylobacter concisus</i> and other <i>non-jejuni</i> species of <i>Campylobacter</i> have been implicated as putative aetiological agents of inflammatory bowel disease in children. The prevalence of these bacteria in adult patients with IBD would give a better insight into their role as immune triggers that initiate and perpetuate chronic inflammation. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of <i>C concisus</i> in colonic biopsy samples from adult patients with UC and compare that with control patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Adult patients who were undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy were recruited for the study, which included 68 patients with histologically proven UC and 79 control patients with no macroscopic or microscopic evidence of IBD. Biopsies were obtained during colonoscopy and immediately snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and transferred to a −80°C freezer. DNA was extracted from the biopsy samples and subjected to PCR utilising <i>Campylobacter</i> genus-specific primers. Positive <i>Campylobacter</i> samples were then subjected to nested PCR using <i>C concisus</i>–specific primers. Fisher9s exact test was used to examine any statistical difference in the presence of <i>Campylobacter</i> and <i>C concisus</i> DNA between the study groups. <h3>Results</h3> Detection of all <i>Campylobacter</i> DNA utilising genus specific primers was significantly higher in cases of UC, with a prevalence of 72.1% (49/68) compared to 24.1% (19/79) in control patients (p=0.0001). Nested PCR for <i>C concisus</i> DNA was positive in 30.9% (21/68) of biopsy samples from patients with UC, which was significantly higher than the prevalence rate of 7.6% (6/79) from control patients (p=0.0005). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The higher prevalence of <i>Campylobacter</i> genus and more specifically <i>C concisus</i> in biopsy samples from adult patients with UC suggest a key role of this genus of bacteria in initiating the chronic inflammation that is characteristically seen in UC. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of this association of <i>C</i><i>concisus</i> with UC in adult patients.
487P Real-world feasibility of adjuvant TAC with pegylated G-CSF in resectable breast cancer: A single-center experience
Authors: J.H. Park, B. Kwon, J-H. Ahn, J.E. Kim, K.H. Jung, G. Gong, H.J. Lee, B-H. Son, S-H. Ahn, H-H. Kim, H.J. Shin, D. Moon, S.B. Kim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Council on Medical Education and Hospitals
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PHYSIOLOGIC ACTION OF LIGHT.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vegetative Konstitutionstherapie
Journal: JAMA (1953)

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Integrated Approach for Evaluating Species and Interindividual Differences in Responsiveness to Dioxins and Structural Analogs
Authors: George Clark, Angelika Tritscher, Douglas Bell, George Lucier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that is produced inadvertently during the synthesis of some organochlorine compounds, such as the chlorinated phenoxy pesticides. It is biologically and ecologically persistent, with an estimated half-life of 7 years in humans. It possesses high acute toxicity in rodents and is a carcinogen, teratogen, and immunotoxin. In chronic bioassays for carcinogenicity, TCDD at a dose of 10 ng/kg/day increases the incidence of liver tumors in female rats, making it one of the most potent animal carcinogens ever tested. A recent study in humans has shown an increase in the incidence of respiratory tract tumors in workers in chlorinated phenoxy herbicide plants. Considerable controversy and uncertainty remain, however, concerning its carcinogenic potency in humans and the reliability of using animal data to predict human risks. It is generally accepted that most, if not all, of the effects of TCDD require its binding to the Ah receptor. In addition to its toxic effects, TCDD produces a number of biochemical effects, such as induction of CYP1A1, downregulation of binding activity of the estrogen and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors, and changes in cytokine pathways. These effects suggest that the Ah receptor plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle. A number of structural analogs of TCDD, such as the polychlorinated dibenzofurans, also interact with the Ah receptor, and they produce the same spectrum of responses as TCDD in animal and cell models. The potency of these compounds is strongly correlated with their binding affinity to the Ah receptor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Phase II study of capecitabine, oxaliplatin and erlotinib in previously treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC)
Authors: J. A. Meyerhardt, A. Xhu, P. C. Enzinger, D. P. Ryan, J. W. Clark, M. H. Kulke, A. Michelini, M. Vincitore, A. Thomas, C. S. Fuchs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3580 Background: Erlotinib (Tarceva) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of the HER1/EGFR tyrosine kinase with clinical activity in various solid tumors. The combination of capecitabine (C) and oxaliplatin (O) is becoming an increasingly attractive option to use in the treatment of MCRC. We conducted a phase II study to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR) of O+C+erlotinib in previously treated patients (pts) with MCRC. Methods: Eligible pts had measurable MCRC, either 1 prior systemic regimen for MCRC or progression of disease within 12 months of adjuvant therapy, performance status 0–2. The treatment regimen consisted of 21-day cycles of C at 1000 mg/m2 BID x 14 days (reduced to 750 mg/m2 after first 13 patients experienced excess of grade (gr) 3/4 toxicities), O at 130 mg/m2 on day 1, and erlotinib 150 mg qd. Responses were based on RECIST criteria Results: To date, 22 pts have been enrolled with the following characteristics: male/female, 16/6; PS ECOG 0/1, 11/11; median age 59, range 32–73; 73% prior CPT-11 for metastatic disease. 20 patients are evaluable for response and 22 patients are evaluable for toxicity. The ORR was 20 % (0 CR, 4 PR [2 confirmed, 2 unconfirmed]). 64% of patients had stable disease (8 pts > 4 months). Prior to the dose reduction of C, 11 of 13 pts had grade 3/4 toxicities (primarily GI toxicities). Since the dose reduction of C (9 pts), there have only been 4 pts with gr 3/4 toxicities and no pts off study due to toxicity. Based on the current enrollment rate, we expect full accrual of 32 pts and updated results (including ORR and time-to-progression) by June 2004. Conclusions: In a population of previously treated patients with MCRC, capecitabine, oxaliplatin and erlotinib appears to be an active regimen. Initial toxicities of the regimen have been markedly improved upon with a modest dose reduction. Supported by: Sanofi-Synthelabo, Roche Laboratories, Genentech. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Sanofi-Synthelabo
498PD_PR Prevalence and types of distress among Adult and Young Adolescent (AYA) newly diagnosed with cancer in Singapore
Authors: T.E. Woldehaimanot, W. Lin Goh, E. Poon, G. Fan Kam Tong, P. Neo Soek Hui, R. Quek, M. Farid, A. Chan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Travel Notes.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

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Hemoccult Test Reference
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DOCTOR MEDICINÆ CIVITATIS.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

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The Zoo
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (2002)

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Cyclosporin A for posterior uveitis?
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Escherichia coli bacteriuria and contraceptive method
Authors: T. M. Hooton
Journal: JAMA (1991)

We evaluated the effects of contraceptive method on the occurrence of bacteriuria and vaginal colonization with<i>Escherichia coli</i>in 104 women who were evaluated prior to having sexual intercourse, the morning after intercourse, and 24 hours later. After intercourse, the prevalence of<i>E coli</i>bacteriuria increased slightly in oral contraceptive users but dramatically in both foam and condom users and diaphragm-spermicide users. Twenty-four hours later, the prevalence of bacteriuria remained significantly elevated only in the latter two groups. Similarly, vaginal colonization with<i>E coli</i>was more dramatic and persistent in users of diaphragm-spermicide and foam and condoms. Vaginal colonization with<i>Candida</i>species, enterococci, and staphylococci also increased significantly in diaphragm-spermicide users after intercourse. We conclude that use of the diaphragm with spermicidal jelly or use of a spermicidal foam with a condom markedly alters normal vaginal flora and strongly predisposes users to the development of vaginal colonization and bacteriuria with<i>E coli</i>. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:64-69)
The AIDS litigation project. A national review of court and human rights commission decisions, Part II: Discrimination
Authors: L. O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

EVERY major government,<sup>1,2</sup>medical,<sup>3,4</sup>public health,<sup>5</sup>and legal<sup>6,7</sup>organization to issue a report on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has condemned discrimination because it violates basic tenets of individual justice and is detrimental to the public health. Discrimination based on an infectious condition is just as inequitable as discrimination based on race, gender, or handicap. In each case, people are treated inequitably not because they lack inherent ability, but solely because of a status over which they have no control. Complex and often pernicious mythologies develop about the nature, cause, and transmission of disease. As the Supreme Court has recognized, "society's accumulated myths and fears about disability and disease are just as handicapping as are the physical limitations that flow from actual impairment. Few aspects of handicap give rise to the same level of public fear and misapprehension as contagiousness."<sup>8</sup> Persons infected with HIV
Abstract 2517: Presence of Auto-antibody against Angiotensin II Receptor in Pregnant Women and Its Potential Role in the Development of Preeclampsia
Authors: Xiaoli Yang, Huirong Liu, Wang Peng, Jie Zhang, Li Yan, Ye Wu, Xiangdong Wu, Barry Goldstein, Xin L Ma
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Preeclampsia is a serious pathologic complication during pregnancy but its pathogenesis remains unclear. We recently demonstrated that production of auto-antibody against angio-tensin (AGN) II type I receptor (AT1-AA) causes hypertension in experimental animals. Current study determined whether AT1-AA is present in pregnant women and if so, to investigate its potential role in the development of preeclampsia. Blood samples were collected from 35 pregnant women (preeclampsia=18, control=17) and AT1-AA was detected. To determine the potential mechanisms by which AT1-AA may contribute to the development of preeclampsia, vasoconstrictive effects of purified AT1-AA was determined in isolated rat arteriae cerebri media and its pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic effect was determined in cultured HUVEC. Compared with the normal pregnant women (week 37 to 39), sera levels of AT1-AA were markedly increased in preeclamptic patients (0.27±0.03 μmol/L vs. 0.023±0.017 μmol/L, P&lt;0.01). In isolated resistant vascular rings, AT1-AA at pathologically relevant concentrations (0.1 to 0.5 μmol/L) caused significant vasoconstriction (P&lt;0.01) which was completely blocked by losartan, an AT1-receptor antagonist. These results demonstrated that the AT1-AA causes vascular constriction though activation of AT1-receptor. Moreover, in vitro incubation of HUVEC with AT1-AA (0.5 μmol/L, 48 hours) resulted in significant caspase activation (caspase-3 and caspase-8: 0.69±0.14 and 3.54±0.24 nmol/h/mg protein with AT1-AA vs. 0.02±0.02 and 0.95±.28 nmol/h/mg protein with normal sera, P&lt;0.01) and a &gt;2-fold increase in LDH release (P&lt;0.01). The pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic effect of AT1-AA was almost identical with that seen in AGN II-treated HUVEC. Collectively, current study demonstrated that AT1-AA is markedly increased in preeclamptic patients. More importantly, purified AT1-AA not only has a direct vasoconstrictive effect which increases blood pressure, but also causes significant endothelial cell death that indirectly contributes to the development of hypertension. These results suggest that production of AT1-AA is a novel risk factor in pregnant women and this auto-antibody may play a causative role in the development of preeclampsia.
Guest Authorship, Mortality Reporting, and Integrity in Rofecoxib Studies—Reply
Authors: Catherine D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (2008)

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