tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Air Contaminants Formed by the Interaction of Lava and Sea Water
Authors: Gregory John Kullman, William Gale Jones, Ronnie James Cornwell, John Eugene Parker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We made environmental measurements to characterize contaminants generated when basaltic lava from Hawaii's Kilauea volcano enters sea water. This interaction of lava with sea water produces large clouds of mist (LAZE). Island winds occasionally directed the LAZE toward the adjacent village of Kalapana and the Hawaii Volcanos National Park, creating health concerns. Environmental samples were taken to measure airborne concentrations of respirable dust, crystalline silica and other mineral compounds, fibers, trace metals, inorganic acids, and organic and inorganic gases. The LAZE contained quantifiable concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrofluoric acid (HF); HCl was predominant. HCl and HF concentrations were highest in dense plumes of LAZE near the sea. The HCl concentration at this sampling location averaged 7.1 ppm; this exceeds the current occupational exposure ceiling of 5 ppm. HF was detected in nearly half the samples, but all concentrations were <1 ppm Sulfur dioxide was detected in one of four short-term indicator tube samples at approximately 1.5 ppm. Airborne particulates were composed largely of chloride salts (predominantly sodium chloride). Crystalline silica concentrations were below detectable limits, less than approximately 0.03 mg/m3 of air. Settled dust samples showed a predominance of glass flakes and glass fibers. Airborne fibers were detected at quantifiable levels in 1 of 11 samples. These fibers were composed largely of hydrated calcium sulfate. These findings suggest that individuals should avoid concentrated plumes of LAZE near its origin to prevent over exposure to inorganic acids, specifically HCl.
Sculpture in the Living: Rebuilding the Face and Form by Plastic Surgery
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serum concentration of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is a marker of the disease progression and prognosis
Authors: Y SHIMIZU
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Serum levels of soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (sLFA-3) in 122 patients with chronic liver disease including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Serum levels of sICAM-1 in patients with HCC were significantly higher than those of chronic hepatitis (CH) and cirrhosis. On the other hand, serum levels of sLFA-3 in patients with HCC were almost the same as those of cirrhosis. Western blot analyses showed that molecular sizes of sICAM-1 and sLFA-3 detected in the sera were 90 kd and 50 kd, respectively, indicating that both molecules include whole extracellular domains. In patients with HCC, circulating sICAM-1 levels were significantly (P < .001) correlated with tumor volume (r = .50), total bilirubin (r = .38), serum aspartate aminotransferase levels (r = .51), and γ-globulin (r = .63). Furthermore, serum sICAM-1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with multiple HCC (tumor number > 3) or HCC with tumor embolus in the first branch or trunk of portal vein. Survival periods were analyzed in relation to serum sICAM-1 levels in patients with HCC who had been treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The HCC patients with <1,000 ng/mL of serum ICAM-1 showed significantly (P = .0005) longer survival than those with higher levels of the molecule. The same results were obtained when only patients with moderately differentiated HCC were analyzed (P = .02). Analyses by Cox's proportional hazard model showed that sICAM-1 is a significant (P = .032) prognostic factor for patients with HCC. These data show that circulating sICAM-1 in the sera of patients with HCC is a marker for tumor progression and prognosis of the patients.
New advances in objective audiometry
Authors: M. Don
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE NEED for objective procedures to test auditory function in infants, children, and adults has long been recognized. The search for objective measures to augment and replace standard audiological methods requiring subjective responses has led to the development and use of electrodermal, electroencephalic (cortex-evoked response), electrocochleographic, and impedance audiometry.<sup>1-4</sup>The electrodermal or galvanic skin response (GSR) audiometric technique has been generally abandoned because of the "... unspecificity of the stimulus and the resulting inaccuracy of the response"<sup>5</sup>and the hazards of passing electrical currents through the body.<sup>1</sup>Current techniques utilizing the other three methods provide either limited information or information that is often difficult to interpret. Recently, new objective audiometric procedures have been introduced. One procedure is a slight modification of the electroencephalic or cortex-evoked response method. Instead of measuring the long-latency potentials (generally more than 50 msec after stimulus onset) recorded from cortical areas, measurements are taken
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1920)

FOREIGN PEN2SIONER " inquires whether the relief to earned income applies to a pension received for twenty years' service un(ler a foreign government; no pecuniary contributions were made towards the pension by our correspondent, -- , , * We4do not think that there can be much doubt about the point.The pension is clearly "earned" in respect of r.ast services, and the fact that it is paid by a foreign govern- ment and not from British funds seems quite immaterial.That fact may very well niecessitate its assessment under Schledule D Case VI instead of under Schedule E, but the rule as to earned income would still apply.-"C. C. F." (Soton) has received an assessment notice showing that the gross amounts assessed are in accordance with his return, but not Showing the deduction of various allowances dlue to him-* he return, 80 far as civil earnings are concerned, was based on the amount receivable for the period from Novembar 27th, 1919, the date of demobilization, to April 5th, 1920.If our correspondent's practice was kept in being during his period of military service,-either by a locumtenent or by the assistance of his colleagues, the amount to be returned for assessment would be the average profits of the practice for tbe three years 1917, 1918, -and 1919; if not, then the liability is in respect of twelve months' earninigs at the present rate.It may well be that £110, the amount returned, is sufficiently near to the average liability for practibal purposes.On that assumption the assessment should work out as follows: £ s. d.
ENTEROPARESIS
Authors: W. HOWARD BARBER
Journal: JAMA (1922)

According to the nomenclature of the Bellevue and Allied Hospitals,<sup>1</sup>the term "intestinal neurosis" includes "enteroparesis" and "enterospasm," while "intestinal obstruction" is applied only to mechanical obstruction. Thus, adynamic or paralytic ileus and dynamic or spasmodic obstruction are included under neuroses of the intestine. Ileus, derived from the Greek ε[unk]λε[unk]ν to twist,<sup>2</sup>was originally applied to the ileum because the ileac loop was most often obstructed. The term ileus is defined as severe colic or acute abdominal pain associated with intestinal obstruction, although by some of us the absence of pain is held to characterize the paralytic type of ileus. It is suggested that the grouping of all mechanical obstructions under "intestinal obstruction," the functional nervous types of disturbed bowel motility under "neuroses," and the obstructions of vascular origin under "thrombosis, etc., of the mesenteric vessels" simply and accurately classifies the more common forms of clinical intestinal obstruction.
SANITARY SUPERVISION OF HAVANA, CUBA.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Effects of Active Video Games in a Weight Management Program 407Physical inactivity, as well as diet, is an important contributor to childhood obesity.In this randomized trial, Trost and colleagues compared a comprehensive family-based weight management program with and without the addition of active video gaming for overweight or obese children.Those in the group with active video gaming significantly increased their physical activity and had better improvements in their body mass index and the chance of becoming normal weight.While the cost of the gaming system is substantial, the benefit of its use should be considered by families, health care providers, and insurers.
Response of Bovine Alveolar Macrophages in Vitro to Welding Fume Particles
Authors: Linda R. White, Anne B. L. Marthinsen, Karin Jakobsen, Kristen B. Eik-Nes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Alveolar macrophages (AM) from bovine lungs were exposed in culture to manual metal are (MMA) welding fume particles, chromium (Cr), UICC chrysotile A or anatase for 17-20 hr. All the welding particle samples were more cytotoxic to AM than to anatase. Particles from the welding of mild steel with a rutile-coated electrode were less cytotoxic than those produced with a basic-coated electrode. Particles from the welding of stainless steel were slightly more cytotoxic, and much of this activity was probably due to CrVI. Selective release of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) was only detected after exposure of AM to chrysotile. Supplementation of the incubation medium with 10% serum increased the viability of all exposed AM cultures, an effect not produced by serum albumin alone. Incubation of particle samples with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) prior to addition to AM reduced the cytotoxicity of the "rutile" welding particles and of chrysotile.
Infants of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome have Lower Cord Blood Androstenedione and Estradiol Levels
Authors: Helen Anderson, Naomi Fogel, Stefan K. Grebe, Ravinder J. Singh, Robert L. Taylor, Andrea Dunaif
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

ABSTRACT Context Prenatal androgen excess can cause a phenocopy of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in mammals. Retrospective studies have suggested that girls at risk for PCOS have low birth weight and prospective studies have suggested an increased prevalence of small for gestational age offspring in women with PCOS. Objective To determine whether infants of women with PCOS have reduced birth weight or increased intrauterine androgen levels. Design Prospective case-control study. Participants Thirty-nine PCOS and 31 control women and their infants. Main outcome measures Birth weight and mixed cord blood testosterone, androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, estradiol (E2), and dihydrotestosterone levels. Results Mean birth weight did not differ but there was a significant increase in the prevalence of large for gestational age infants in the PCOS group. Cord blood E2 and A levels were lower (p &amp;lt; 0.05) but testosterone:E2 ratios did not differ in female PCOS compared to control offspring. There was no difference in E2 and A levels in the male PCOS and control offspring. There was no difference in 17-hydroxyprogesterone or in other androgen levels in either male or female PCOS offspring compared to their respective control group. Conclusion Infants of women with PCOS were more likely to be large for gestational age. Female offspring of affected women have lower cord blood A levels; other cord blood androgen levels do not differ compared to female control offspring. Cord blood E2 levels are also significantly decreased in PCOS, without any difference in the testosterone:E2 ratio, suggesting decreased fetal or placental production of steroids.
Abstract 1135: Antitumor activity of novel reversible LSD1 inhibitors in preclinical models of AML and SCLC
Authors: Joo-Yun Byun, Won Jong Lee, Won jung Kim, Minjeong Kim, Inhwan Bae, Seokhyun Hong, Yu-Yon Kim, Hyunjin Park, Eunyoung Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Young Gil Ahn, Kwee Hyun Suh
Journal: Cancer Research (2021)

Abstract Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has become a biologically important and validated epigenetic target for cancer therapy since its identification in 2004. LSD1 mediates many cellular signaling pathways and is involved in the initiation and development of cancers. Aberrant overexpression of LSD1 has been observed in different types of cancers, and such epigenetic dysregulation plays a critical role in pathogenesis of various types of cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In this study, we introduce HM97346 and its derivatives as novel LSD1 inhibitors, and report a therapeutic potential for AML and SCLC patients based on several preclinical characterization and assessment. HM97346 and its derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel reversible inhibitors of LSD1. Standard cell proliferation assay, immunoblotting, biomarker expression, and apoptosis analysis were carried out to validate their potency in vitro studies using different AML and SCLC cell lines. The in vivo antitumor activity was evaluated in AML and SCLC cell xenograft mouse models. Tumor sizes were measured and tumor samples were analyzed to define the mechanisms of action. HM97346 and its derivatives showed strong inhibition on LSD1 enzymatic activity in biochemical assay and promoted the methylations of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) in both SCLC and AML cells. They reduced the expression of neuroendocrine factors ASCL1 in SCLC cells, effectively and dose-dependently. Moreover, in human AML cell lines, they stimulated cellular differentiation by disrupting LSD1-GFI1 complex and induced transcription factor PU.1 as well as myeloid differentiation markers CD86 and CD11b. As a result, they significantly inhibited cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis in studies using AML and SCLC cells. Oral administration of HM97346 and its derivatives inhibited tumor growth in human AML and SCLC cell xenograft mouse models studies. These antitumor effects dramatically increased in combination with standard chemotherapies. In conclusion, HM97346 and its derivatives, new synthesized reversible LSD1 inhibitors, showed potential anticancer activity in preclinical AML and SCLC models. Moreover, these compounds could provide a new insight and possibility in cancer therapy through epigenetic modulation as not only monotherapy but also combination therapy. Citation Format: Joo-Yun Byun, Won Jong Lee, Won jung Kim, Minjeong Kim, Inhwan Bae, Seokhyun Hong, Yu-Yon Kim, Hyunjin Park, Eunyoung Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Young Gil Ahn, Kwee Hyun Suh. Antitumor activity of novel reversible LSD1 inhibitors in preclinical models of AML and SCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1135.
Ranolazine improves left ventricular mechanical efficiency in dogs with heart failure: Comparison with dobutamine Hani N. Sabbah, Margaret P. Chandler, George Suzuki, Hideaki Morita, Omar Nass, Brent Blackburn, Andrew Wolff, William C. Stanley. Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
A Double Century
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Azithromycin for empirical treatment of the nongonococcal urethritis syndrome in men. A randomized double-blind study
Authors: W. E. Stamm
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the use of single-dose azithromycin for empirical treatment of nongonococcal urethritis. <h3>Design.</h3> —Randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial comparing azithromycin vs doxycycline therapy, with a 2:1 randomization ratio. Patients were evaluated clinically and microbiologically for<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>and<i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>infection before therapy and at 2 and 5 weeks after study entry. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Eleven sexually transmitted disease clinics throughout the United States. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 452 men aged 18 years or older with symptomatic nongonococcal urethritis of less than 14 days' duration. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Patients were treated with either 1.0 g of azithromycin as a single oral dose or 100 mg of doxycycline taken orally twice daily for 7 days. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Clinical resolution of symptoms and signs of nongonococcal urethritis, microbiological cure of<i>C trachomatis</i>and<i>U urealyticum</i>, and occurrence of adverse experiences. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of the 452 patients enrolled, 248 in the azithromycin-treated group and 123 in the doxycycline-treated group were evaluable for clinical response. The two treatment groups were comparable in terms of age, weight, ethnic distribution, sexual preference, sexual activity, and history of prior nongonococcal urethritis or gonorrhea. Sixteen percent of the azithromycin group and 24% of the doxycycline group were culture positive for<i>C trachomatis</i>before therapy, while 38% and 28%, respectively, were culture positive for<i>U urealyticum</i>. The cumulative clinical cure rate was 81% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75% to 85%) in the azithromycin-treated group and 77% (95% CI, 69% to 84%) in the doxycycline-treated group. Clinical cure rates in the two groups were also comparable when patients were stratified by presence or absence of infection with<i>C trachomatis</i>or<i>U urealyticum</i>prior to therapy. Among those infected with<i>C trachomatis</i>, overall microbiological cure rates were 83% (95% CI, 65% to 94%) for azithromycin-treated patients (n=30) and 90% (95% CI, 68% to 98%) for doxycycline-treated patients (n=21). Among those infected with<i>U urealyticum</i>, overall microbiological cure rates were 45% (95% CI, 34% to 57%) for azithromycin-treated patients (n=75) and 47% (95% CI, 30% to 65%) for doxycycline-treated patients (n=32). Adverse reactions were generally mild to moderate and occurred in 23% of the azithromycin-treated group and 29% of the doxycycline-treated group. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —For empirical treatment of the acute nongonococcal urethritis syndrome in men, a single oral dose of azithromycin was as effective as a standard 7-day course of doxycycline in achieving clinical cure. Further, clinical cure rates were comparable with either regimen, regardless of the presence or absence of<i>Chlamydia</i>or<i>Ureaplasma</i>infection. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:545-549)
MADRID
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal