tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Michael Platten
Authors: M. Gough
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The elucidation of the individual contributions of the four<i>CYP3A</i> genes to the overall CYP3A activity has been hampered by similarities in their sequence and function. We investigated the expression of CYP3A mRNA species in the liver and in various other tissues using gene-specific TaqMan probes. CYP3A4 transcripts were the most abundant CYP3A mRNA in each of the 63 white European livers tested and accounted on average for 95% of the combined CYP3A mRNA pool. CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 each contributed on average 2%, whereas CYP3A43 contributed 0.3% transcripts to this pool. Fourteen percent of livers exhibited an increased share of CYP3A5 transcripts (range 4–20%). These livers were either heterozygous for the marker of the CYP3A5 polymorphism, the CYP3A5*1A allele, or expressed very low levels of CYP3A4 mRNA. The CYP3A7 expression was bimodal, and it was increased in 15% livers. CYP3A4 was the dominant CYP3A in the intestine, followed by CYP3A5. CYP3A5 and CYP3A7, but not CYP3A4, were also expressed in the adrenal gland and in the prostate, whereas only CYP3A5 was detected in the kidney. These three tissues were shown to express much lower levels of pregnane X receptor mRNA than the intestine, indicating possibly a different mode of regulation of CYP3A expression. Expression of CYP3A genes was undetectable in peripheral blood lymphocytes. In summary, these assays and results should aid in our efforts to further dissect the regulation and the physiological and pharmacological significance of CYP3A isozymes.
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Performance evaluation program for Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-susceptibility testing process
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JOSEF von MERING (1849-1908) CLINICAL CHEMIST
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply:
Authors: Ian Homer Y. Cua, Jacob George
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

We thank Dr. Tsochatzis and his colleagues for their comments and appreciate the opportunity to respond. We would like to point out that their results demonstrating an association between low adiponectin levels and insulin resistance in a "mixed" chronic hepatitis C (CHC) cohort are in agreement with the results reported in our article and in extensive published literature on insulin resistance unrelated to CHC. However, we wish to emphasize that the only robust method to determine if this is a virus-specific effect in CHC is to undertake a comparison with healthy controls not infected with hepatitis C virus, as was done in our publication. With regard to the statistical methodology, because the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a continuous outcome, the power to detect a statistically significant linear dependence of HOMA-IR on leptin and adiponectin levels is largest if one fits a linear regression model to the continuous outcome. The authors suggest dichotomizing the outcome into, for example, HOMA-IR ≥ 3 versus HOMA-IR < 3, but this is well known to be a statistically less robust and powerful method of detecting a linear association. Despite the above considerations, we did undertake the additional analyses as suggested by Tsochatzis and his colleagues. As expected, leptin (P < 0.001) and adiponectin (P < 0.02) were independently associated with insulin resistance in the control group with both linear and logistic regression analyses. Moreover, body mass index (P = 0.004), leptin (P < 0.001), and adiponectin (P = 0.04) remained as predictors for HOMA-IR ≥ 3 in the CHC group with logistic regression analysis. In our study, logistic regression analysis was not performed because of the statistical considerations mentioned earlier and because there is no universally accepted cutoff point in HOMA-IR that defines insulin resistance. We would like to add that the data presented by Dr. Tsochatzis and his colleagues in their letter is confounded by the inclusion of female patients (49%). In women, insulin sensitivity is influenced by the menstrual cycle, age, and intake of estrogen-containing preparations. Our study demonstrating that CHC infection is not, in itself, associated with specific changes in either leptin or adiponectin levels implies that these adipocytokines cannot be the mediators of the virus-specific changes in insulin sensitivity that are evident among hepatitis C virus–infected persons. We agree that more studies to further characterize the mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance in CHC are warranted. Ian Homer Y. Cua M.D.*, Jacob George M.D., Ph.D.*, * Storr Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Hepatitis caused by amitriptyline therapy
Authors: J. Yon
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A FEW instances of hepatitis associated with the use of amitriptyline hydrochloride have been reported from other countries, but none has been reported from this country. Reports have come from Great Britain<sup>1-3</sup>of jaundice and from Sweden<sup>4</sup>of elevated transaminase levels in patients taking amitriptyline. Such abnormalities could represent the hypersensitivity reaction proposed to account for changes in hepatic function associated with administration of other tricyclic antidepressants.<sup>5</sup>In most reported cases of hepatic dysfunction associated with amitriptyline, the concomitant ingestion of other drugs, excessive use of alcohol, and possible infection with a hepatitis virus make it difficult to establish a causative role for this agent. In the case reported here, a challenge with amitriptyline showed that the drug was the cause of the patient's hepatitis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 23-year-old obese man was admitted to the Iowa City Veterans Administration Hospital on July 5, 1973, for
Letter by Damman et al Regarding Articles, “Long-Term Cardiovascular Mortality After Procedure-Related or Spontaneous Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Collaborative Analysis of Individual Patient Data From the FRISC II, ICTUS, and RITA-3 Trials (FIR)” and “American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology/World Heart Federation Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction Classification System and …
Authors: Peter Damman, Robbert J. de Winter, Lars Wallentin, Keith A. Fox
Journal: Circulation (2012)
A phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GS-5745 combined with mFOLFOX6 as first-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Johanna C. Bendell, Alexander Starodub, Zev A. Wainberg, Meihua Wu, Douglas Werner, Julia D. Maltzman, Manish A. Shah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

TPS4132 Background: GS-5745 is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), an extracellular enzyme involved in matrix remodeling, tumor growth, and metastasis. Inhibiting MMP9 is expected to block paracrine signaling and metastasis and to alter the immune microenvironment within the tumor. GS-5745 (800 mg every 2 weeks) with mFOLFOX6 was examined in a Phase 1b study in 40 patients with gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma (GS-US-296-0101), and demonstrated encouraging activity without added toxicity. Additionally, decreased serum biomarkers suggested inhibition of MMP9 enzymatic activity by these agents. These data support the hypothesis that GS-5745 treatment inhibits MMP9 activity and that the inhibition may lead to improved clinical outcomes. Methods: This phase 3, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study investigates the efficacy and safety of GS-5745 combined with mFOLFOX6 in subjects with untreated gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma. Total of 430 eligible subjects with advanced gastric and GEJ cancer will be randomized in a 1:1 manner to mFOLFOX6 plus GS-5745 or mFOLFOX6 plus placebo. Stratification factors include ECOG status (0 v 1), geographic region (Latin America v All other countries), and primary tumor site (gastric v GEJ). CT or MRI scans will be performed every 8 weeks to evaluate response to treatment. mFOLFOX6 will be administered on Days 1 and 15 of each 28-day treatment cycle for a total of 6 cycles followed thereafter by leucovorin (LV) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) dosing on Days 1 and 15 of each 28-day treatment cycle until disease progression. GS-5745/placebo 800 mg will be infused on Days 1 and Day 15 of each 28 day cycle until disease progression. Primary endpoint is OS, and secondary endpoints include PFS, ORR (RECIST 1.1), and safety. The study is designed to have an 85% power to detect clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival at the one-sided significance level of 0.025. The association of exploratory biomarkers with study drug response will also be evaluated. Enrollment opened Oct. 2015. Clinical trial information: NCT02545504.
The legacy of Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes
Authors: D. L. Dickson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Edmund Burke, writing of the French Revolution, declared, "Society cannot exist unless a controlling power upon will and appetite be placed somewhere, and the less of it there is within, the more there must be without." Since his day the control over will and appetite has shifted increasingly from the individual to the legal and economic system of the state. One aspect of that change may be traced in the lives of Rev. Abiel Holmes, Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, his son, and Mr. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., his grandson. Rev. Abiel Holmes, pastor of the First Congregational Church of Cambridge, Mass, was 45 years old when his son Oliver Wendell was born in 1809. Mrs. Holmes' family, the Wendells, was more distinguished than that of Rev. Holmes. Her father was a judge, and her ancestors included the first published American poet and a governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
The Anatomy of a Bureaucratic Impaction (A True Story)
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Health Care Financing Administration
Authors: J. Stacey
Journal: JAMA (1987)

When the Medicare and Medicaid programs were enacted in the mid-1960s, the intention was to assist certain people in need without interfering with the private practice of medicine. What legislators, citizens, and physicians wanted was a single medical system for everyone. What they were building on was a voluntary system, barely three decades old, which was mainly managed at the community level. The various Blue Cross and Blue Shield plans across the nation were the major intermediaries in those days and were perceived as doing a commendable job of managing the system. Costs were moderate, services were acceptable, and quality of care was rarely questioned. The federal programs changed all that. By removing cost constraints for the care of the elderly, the programs additionally removed financial restraints that had been felt by both family and physicians. What could be done often was done, and in the process not only did
Solutions to Health Care Waste: Life-Cycle Thinking and "Green" Purchasing
Authors: Barb Kaiser, Patrick D. Eagan, Hollie Shaner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Health care waste treatment is linked to bioaccumulative toxic substances, such as mercury and dioxins, which suggests the need for a new approach to product selection. To address environmental issues proactively, all stages of the product life cycle should be considered during material selection. The purchasing mechanism is a promising channel for action that can be used to promote the use of environmentally preferable products in the health care industry; health care facilities can improve environmental performance and still decrease costs. Tools that focus on environmentally preferable purchasing are now emerging for the health care industry. These tools can help hospitals select products that create the least amount of environmental pollution. Environmental performance should be incorporated into the evolving definition of quality for health care.
Minor Surgery
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BERLIN
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE RELATION BETWEEN SUPPURATIVE SPHENOIDAL SINUSITIS AND INTRACRANIAL AND OCULAR INFLAMMATIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Planning for retirement: advice to physicians
Authors: C. M. Gaitz
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Retirement planning has become a legitimate concern of all physicians, especially those employed by agencies where retirement is compulsory. Faced with the possibility of retirement, whether forced or voluntary, and issues of competence and other related matters, many physicians are departing from the traditional pattern of working until they become incapacitated. The typical physician places high values on work and deprecates other activities. Busy practitioners who have spent little time with their families and in recreational pursuits find themselves unprepared for their altered status when they stop working. Little empirical information is available concerning physicians and retirement. Four proposed retirement patterns may help physicians plan successfully for retirement. (<i>JAMA</i>238:149-151, 1977)
Alterations in enzymatic functions in hepatocytes and hepatocellular carcinomas from Ras-transduced livers resemble the effects of insulin
Authors: R Pearline
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

An understanding of how oncogenes affect differentiated liver functions might lead to improved treatments for liver cancer or other disorders where liver-specific functions are compromised. A retroviral vector that coexpressed beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) and activated Ras genes (Ras-gal) was transduced into a small fraction of adult rat hepatocytes in vivo. Hepatocytes from Ras-gal-transduced diethylnitrosamine- untreated livers and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) from Ras-gal- transduced diethylnitrosamine-treated rats were analyzed for liver functions by performing histochemical assays on liver sections. Ras-gal- transduced hepatocytes failed to express gluconeogenic, ketogenic, and urea pathway enzymes. In contrast, several enzymes involved in fat synthesis were strongly activated, and microvesicular fat accumulated. These metabolic changes are induced in normal livers by insulin, a hormone that activates p21-ras. The deregulation of p21-ras may inhibit these liver-specific functions and may induce fat synthesis in both malignant and nonmalignant liver diseases. Furthermore, treatment with drugs that inhibit the attachment of p21-ras to the plasma membrane might reverse these changes. The alterations in enzymatic functions in the HCCs were similar to those observed in the hepatocytes, although each of the two cancers had a region that abruptly lost its expression of liver-specific enzymes and acquired the expression of genes that are more characteristic of oval or bile ductule cells. This suggests that a single genetic event in a malignant cell may dramatically alter its apparent phenotype. The identification of this putative gene might lead to insights into the regulation of the phenotype of normal cells in the liver. (Hepatology 1996 Oct;24(4):838-48)
ALCOHOL IN THE NAVY.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

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