tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Current Comment
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: J. M. BATTEN
Journal: JAMA (1895)

I wish to show, by clinical observation, that the tubercular diathesis, predisposition to, or habit, is inherited to the third and fourth generations, and that consumption has been but very slightly, if at all contagious among those who came under my observation who have not inherited that predisposition to the disease. Mrs. G. had five children. She and four of the children died of phthisis pulmonalis. The remaining child, a female, lived till the age of 84 years and bore ten children, five of whom died of phthisis pulmonalis. Three of the latter were married and had children. The eldest a male had four children, three of whom died of phthisis pulmonalis—one is still living. The second one, a female, married and had one child, and within a year after the birth of the only child, the latter died of children's disease and the parents died of phthisis pulmonalis. The third,
"EIGHTY PAGES IN THIS NUMBER."
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TISSUE ACIDOSIS
Authors: Withrow Morse
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Two recent editorials inThe Journalconcerning the reaction of the tissues, apropos of the interesting work of Peyton Rous, lead to the idea that extensive work has been done on the problem. If such work has been done, it has not been reported save in a few instances. In 1914, Michaelis (<i>Biochem. Ztschr</i>.<b>62</b>:180) experimented with expressed juices from organs (muscle) which had been (1) freshly excised, then mashed and the reaction determined; (2) excised and thrown into boiling water, and (3) excised and left to develop considerable acidity after death. The reactions obtained were, respectively<i>p</i>H6.7, 6.92 and 6.8, calculated from the hydrogen ion concentration as given by them. They concluded that the reaction of the tissues was much more acid than the blood. Since 1915, I have studied the problem by different methods and made reports, briefly, in the<i>Journal of</i>
11. Microvascular Complications and Foot Care: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2020)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Section 33.—Dupuytren's Contracture
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA Reference Directories
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply
Authors: W JIMENEZ
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The mechanisms responsible for vascular hyporesponsiveness in cirrhosis have been investigated extensively using isolated vessel techniques. Increased vasodilator (nitric oxide) production has been implicated in many studies, but there is also evidence of altered receptor/second messenger function and vascular remodelling. Interpretation is hampered by the use of different vessels from a variety of animal models, whilst the relevance of these studies to the condition in humans remains unclear. Additional, more focused investigations, using both human and animal vessels, are required to ascertain the exact cause of the vascular abnormalities associated with hepatic cirrhosis. pharmacol. ther. 75(1):51–68, 1997.
Typologies
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (1986)

In accordance with the time honoured precept "know thyself" I recently took a test to find out my colour type.A pleasant young woman applied a cleansing cream to my face, then placed me between two strong lights, and draped me across the shoulders with cloths of different colours.She quickly determined that my skin was blue based rather than yellow, but had to carry out further drapings before pronouncing me a winter type.She then gave me a wad of coloured swatches, explaining that my clothes should match or blend with the prescribed colours.My suits would have to be black, true or charcoal grey, true or navy blue, possibly taupe, but never brown.Winters look good in clear sharp colours, in pure white or in black, she explained; also in a variety of cool (blue based) so called icy colours, especially icy grey, yellow, aqua, pink, or blue.She said that I could wear the true primary colours and their bluer counterparts, mentioning specifically royal blue, Chinese blue, hot turquoise, shocking pink, deep hot pink, magenta, fuchsia, and royal purple, but not brown, orange, gold, beige, or yellow green.She added as an afterthought that my suits should be single breasted, unpadded, with vertical stripes and no cuffs, to make me look taller, whereas heavy tweeds would make me look "top heavy."My sister, who also took the test, was found to be a summer, thus having to change her make up and replace most of her wardrobe.After the exam was over the consultant told me that diagnostic errors were possible but rare, and that with proper testing most people could be placed in their proper categories.The principles, also explained in two books, one for women' and one for men,-are based on the physics of colour.A person has either a blue deep skin undertone (winters and summers) or a golden undertone (springs and autumns).But this is not always easy to determine and may require an examination of the untanned parts of the body in a good light.It is important, she explained, to look for the undertone and not be misled by the superficial colouring of the skin.Winters, exemplified by Elizabeth Taylor and Jacqueline Onassis, are in the majority in most parts of the world.They have mostly dark eyes and dark or grey hair, and their skin is grey beige, with no visible pink, often olive, sallow or milky white, but always with a blue undertone.Summers, also blue based, are represented by Princess Grace of Monaco, Queen Elizabeth, and Farrah Fawcett.Their skin may be beige or pink, the hair platinum or ash blonde, mousy brown, dark taupe brown, blue grey, or pearl white, but always blue based; and their eyes mostly blue, green, aqua, or grey.Summers look best in soft neutral pastel colours, especially blue and rose.Autumns have a golden undertone, often have red hair and brown eyes, are exemplified by Shirley McLaine, Maggie Smith, and Vanessa Redgrave, and look good in brown and golden colours.Also yellow or golden are the springs, with creamy, peachy, pink or golden beige skin, blonde hair, eyes often blue, like Marilyn Monroe and Zsa Zsa Gabor, often looking best in clear, warm (yellow) colours.
Persistent tachycardia, paroxymal hypertension, and seizures: association with hyperglycinuria, dominantly inherited microphthalmia, and cataracts
Authors: C. W. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A 35-year-old woman underwent diagnostic studies because of an 18-year history of paroxysmal tachycardia, hypertension, syncope, and seizures. The studies and postmortem examination failed to reveal any recognized cause for the cardiac symptoms. Associated findings included dominantly inherited microphthalmia with cataracts, and hyperglycinuria with renal stones. The findings appear to constitute an unusual genetically determined syndrome resulting from a still uncharacterized abnormality in glycine metabolism.
Neurologic Impairment in Children Associated With Maternal Dietary Deficiency of Cobalamin—Georgia, 2001
Journal: JAMA (2003)

tinue periodic SIAs to reach children missed by routine services, and (3) further strengthen measles surveillance by enhancing data management and laboratory capacity.As the number of measles cases decreases, laboratory confirmation of all reported outbreaks will be necessary, requiring extension of laboratory confirmation to all provinces.Lessons learned in Cambodia might be useful in planning measlescontrol strategies in other postconflict settings, especially in areas with few trained health staff and limited transportation and cold chain facilities.
Megavitamin Therapy
Authors: Arthur M. Sackler
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Jukes' reply to my correspondence (234:806, 1975) is precisely the type of "discussion" to which I took exception and that should have no place in science. Dr Jukes states in his letter that he did not "link Pauling's name with that of J. I. Rodale; I [Jukes] quoted both of them as theorizing that massive doses of vitamins penetrate physiological barriers." Here is what Jukes wrote<i>in his article</i>(233:550, 1975): "Megavitamin therapy is advocated in the writings of Linus Pauling and the late J. I. Rodale." This is "guilt by association." Rodale was no scientist and Dr Jukes knows it. Dr Jukes said<i>in his letter</i>: "I quoted both of them as theorizing that massive doses of vitamins penetrate physiological barriers." This also differed from what he wrote<i>in his article</i>, to wit, that Pauling's theory of "orthomolecular psychiatry [is] a concept not unlike Rodale's
Erratum: Corrigendum: Comprehensive epigenetic profiling identifies multiple distal regulatory elements directing transcription of the gene encoding interferon-γ
Authors: Jamie R Schoenborn, Michael O Dorschner, Masayuki Sekimata, Deanna M Santer, Maria Shnyreva, David R Fitzpatrick, John A Stamatoyannopoulos, Christopher B Wilson
Journal: Nature Immunology (2007)
<i>Circulation</i> : Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing dialysis have a higher risk for stroke and bleeding attributable to platelet and coagulation abnormalities, associated comorbidities, routine heparinization during dialysis, and warfarin-associated vascular calcification.Interestingly, current observational studies on warfarin use and the risk for stroke and bleeding in patients with AF undergoing dialysis found conflicting results and there is a lack of randomized, controlled trials on this issue.To enhance the knowledge on this issue, we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of AF from 1998 to 2007, in Quebec and Ontario, Canada.We observed that dialysis patients (n=1626), in comparison with nondialysis patients (n=204 210), had high risk score for stroke (CHADS2 score ≥ 2: 72.3% versus 54.9%) and bleeding (HAS-BLED score ≥ 3: 84.9% versus 24.6%).We found that in patients with AF undergoing dialysis, warfarin use, in comparison with no-use, was not associated with a lower risk for stroke, but was associated with a 44% higher risk for bleeding event.Thus, the risk-benefit profile does not appear to be favorable for routine warfarin use for the reduction of stroke in patients with AF undergoing dialysis.Because of the observational nature of our study, we propose to conduct a large multicenter randomized, controlled trial to clarify this issue and also to guide AF management guideline bodies around the world.See p 1196.
Abstract 459: The TripleCPR 16 Study: Does Rhythm Truly Needed to Be Checked Every 2 Minutes in Cardiopulmonary Arrest Patients?
Authors: Ryosuke Takegawa, Tadahiko Shiozaki, Mitsuo Ohnishi, Arisa Muratsu, Jotaro Tachino, Tomohiko Sakai, Takashi Muroya, Koichi Hayakawa, Takeshi Shimazu
Journal: Circulation (2019)

Purpose: Current guidelines recommend rhythm checks every 2 minutes during CPR, but evidence for this recommendation is insufficient. Recent reports identified regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO 2 ) monitoring as useful in detecting ROSC and that coronary and cerebral perfusion decrease with the 2-minute rhythm check. On the basis of our previous study, we began the TripleCPR 16 study, which omits 2-minute rhythm checks because stopping chest compression to check rhythm may increase cerebral damage and decrease the ROSC. Methods: The multicenter, prospective TripleCPR 16 study began in January 2017. The inclusion criterion is a cardiopulmonary arrest patient aged ≥16 years with a non-shockable rhythm on hospital arrival. Subjects are divided into 3 groups based on their mean cerebral rSO 2 value in the first minute of arrival: ≥50%, &lt;50% to 40%, and &lt;40%. Continuous mechanical chest compression is performed on all subjects for 16 minutes or until their rSO 2 value exceeds the initial value by 10%, 20%, or 35%, respectively. We are comparing the TripleCPR 16 study results with our previous hospital data obtained from 86 patients with non-shockable rhythm who underwent every 2-minute rhythm checks and mechanical chest compression. Result: Currently, 218 patients are registered. Rates of ROSC were 34.9% for these patients and 39.5% for the previous 86 patients (p=0.51). There were no severe adverse events. Subanalysis of the data of Osaka University Hospital alone showed no significant increase of rSO 2 value in the 48 patients with non-sonographic cardiac activity and 26 patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection diagnosed by CT scan, and only two patient in each group achieved ROSC. When excluding the patients with Stanford type A aortic dissection, rates of ROSC was 47.8% for the patients in this study and 39.0% for the previous 86 patients (p=0.26). Conclusion: The TripleCPR 16 study is ongoing without severe adverse events. In the patients with non-sonographic cardiac activity or Stanford type A aortic dissection, rSO 2 values did not increase and it was difficult to achieve ROSC. A simpler CPR protocol could be devised that omits the 2-minute rhythm check in patients with a non-shockable rhythm.
Osleriana
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brain haemorrhage in babies may not indicate violent abuse
Journal: BMJ (2003)

between gestational hypertensive disease and hypertension in later life was seen in the questionnaire and clinical examination data and also in the hospital diagnosis data and the mortality data.We suggest that our observations cannot be explained by chance or bias.The findings have implications for the aetiology and pathogenesis of circulatory disease, both in pregnancy and in later life.They also suggest that interventions that might minimise the risk of such conditions in later life should be identified and evaluated.We acknowledge the contribution of Dean Phillips for tracing and data management; Amanda Cardy for review of the original case notes; Nicola Torrance for assistance with the data collection and the operation of clinics; Linda Harrigan and Wendy Aiken for entering the data; Tracy Mapp for assistance with the study design; Isobel Ford and Ian Ross at Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aberdeen, for assistance with the laboratory analysis; Val Angus of practitioner services at Grampian Health Board for tracing women
Endocrinology
Authors: Sheldon S. Stoffer
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The second edition of this impressive text is the product of over 200 authors and 9 editors. The work is intended to provide a complete, contemporary source of both basic and clinical aspects of endocrinology. It was hoped that the book would be of use to undergraduates, house officers, fellows, and physicians practicing in the field. The textbook is surprisingly easy to read and is supplemented by a large number of illustrations and tables. Because the many authors are all outstanding authorities in their fields, the content is sound. Although I found myself disagreeing with bits and pieces, especially in those areas where I have expertise and strong opinions, the disagreements were relatively minor and did not distract from the overall quality of this text. Each of the chapters is followed by a rather extensive bibliography, making it easy for the interested reader to become quite expert on a particular
Medical Hypothesis: Bifunctional Genetic-Hormonal Pathways to Breast Cancer
Authors: Devra Lee Davis, Nitin T. Telang, Michael P. Osborne, H. Leon Bradlow
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

As inherited germ line mutations, such as loss of BRCA1 or AT, account for less than 5% of all breast cancer, most cases involve acquired somatic perturbations.Cumulative lifetime exposure to bioavailable estradiol links most known risk factors (except radiation) for breast cancer.Based on a series of recent experimental and epidemiologic findings, we hypothesize that the multistep process of breast carcinogenesis results from exposure to endogenous or exogenous hormones, including phytoestrogens that directly or indirectly alter estrogen metabolism.Xenohormones are defined as xenobiotic materials that modify hormonal production; they can work bifunctionally, through genetic or hormonal paths, depending on the periods and extent of exposure.As for genetic paths, xenohormones can modify DNA structure or function.As for hormonal paths, two distinct mechanisms can influence the potential for aberrant cell growth: compounds can directly bind with endogenous hormone or growth factor receptors affecting cell proliferation or compounds can modify breast cell proliferation altering the formation of hormone metabolites that influence epithelial-stromal interaction and growth regulation.Beneficial xenohormones, such as indole-3-carbinol, genistein, and other bioflavonoids, may reduce aberrant breast cell proliferation, and influence the rate of DNA repair or apoptosis and thereby influence the genetic or hormonal microenvironments.Upon validation with appropriate in vitro and in vivo studies, biologic markers of the risk for breast cancer, such as hormone metabolites, total bioavailable estradiol, and free radical generators can enhance cancer detection and prevention.