tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asthma and athletic performance
Authors: K. D. Fitch
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a manifestation of bronchial hyperreactivity that poses a special problem for the asthmatic engaging in competitive and recreational sports. Recent Olympic successes by swimmers with asthma are not surprising in view of the lessened asthmogenicity of swimming. Neither the cause of EIA nor the reason why some forms of exercise have a greater propensity to provoke EIA is known. Preexercise prophylactic medication with selective β<sub>2</sub>-sympathomimetic agents or cromolyn sodium will reduce or abolish EIA in the majority of asthmatics if administered just before the event. Other agents are less effective or as yet not fully evaluated. With suitable control of exercise-induced asthma, asthmatics should not be unnecessarily restricted, and competitive sports or physical recreation can then occupy an identical role in their lives as it does for their non-asthmatic contemporaries. (<i>JAMA</i>236:152-157, 1976)
Federal Monies and More Doctors
Authors: J.R. E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Editorials1 July 1970Federal Monies and More DoctorsJ.R. E.J.R. E.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-1-133 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNo one questions the need for more and better doctors to provide more and better care for the health of the American people. But many questions do arise as to how these goals are to be achieved. How can more doctors be educated and the provision of health care be expanded and improved? How can society through the instrument of government meet this challenge of crisis proportion?For most of the past two decades the Federal Government through the instrument of the National Institutes of Health has poured ever increasing sums of money into the support of basic and clinical... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1970Volume 73, Issue 1Page: 133-134KeywordsHealth care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Malignant Transformation of Immortalized Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Asbestos Fibers
Authors: Tom K. Hei, Li J. Wu, Chang Q. Piao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Although asbestos is a well-established lung carcinogen, there currently is no suitable human cell model in which to examine the underlying cellular and molecular changes associated with fiber- mediated bronchial carcinogenesis.Using a recently established transformation model based on a human papillomavirus-immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line, we successfully transformed these BEP2D cells after a single, 7-day treatment with a 20-pg/ml (4 pg per cm2 area) dose of Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) Rhodesian chrysotile fibers.Asbestos treatment resulted in a surviving fraction of 0.18 compared to control cells.Transformed cells developed through a series of sequential steps, including altered growth kinetics, resistance to serum-induced terminal differentiation, and anchorage-independent growth, before becoming tumorigenic to form progressively growing tumors in nude mice.Seven tumorigenic cell lines were isolated and determined to be of human epithelial origin based on immunofluorescent staining of keratin and isozyme analysis.Analysis of tumor DNA revealed no mutations at either codon 12 or 13 in any the ras oncogenes.An independent role for K-ras mutation in fiber carcinogenesis, therefore, cannot be confirmed.This model provides a unique opportunity to study the cellular and molecular changes at the various stages in fiber-mediated neoplastic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells.
Iodine Deficiency in Belarusian Children as a Possible Factor Stimulating the Irradiation of the Thyroid Gland during the Chernobyl Catastrophe
Authors: Maciej Gembicki, Aleksander N. Stozharov, Aleksander N. Arinchin, Konstantin V. Moschik, Siergiej Petrenko, Irina M. Khmara, Keith F. Baverstock
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Ten years after the Chernobyl nuclear plant catastrophe more than 500 children in Belarus are suffering from thyroid cancer.The major cause of the high incidence of thyroid cancer in children under 15 years of age appears to be contamination resulting from that catastrophe, mainly with isotopes of radioactive iodine.Another important factor may be iodine deficiency in the environment.A countrywide program for investigation of goiter prevalence and iodine deficiency has been established in the Republic of Belarus with the assistance of the European World Health Organization office.The program will oversee the examination of 11,000 children and adolescents 6 to 18 years of age from 30 schools in urban and rural areas.The results obtained in a group of 824 children and adolescents (the pilot phase) are typical for significant iodine deficiency and moderate goiter endemism.It is clear that the present situation does not completely reflect the situation that existed at the time of the Chernobyl catastrophe.However, data from epidemiologic studies conducted many years before the accident showed high goiter prevalence in the contaminated aras, indicating that the prevalence of iodine deficiency at the time of the catastrophe was similar to the present one or even greater.Such an assumption could lead to a better understanding of the thyroid pathologies that have been observed.-
Journal of Occupational Medicine, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Circulation:</i> Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Survival After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation in the ElderlyThe benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) among elderly patients is controversial and may be attenuated by nonarrhythmic death.An estimated 28% of those deemed potentially eligible for ICD implantation by conventional criteria are octogenarians.The Ontario ICD registry is a large, prospective, inclusive database designed to evaluate adjudicated clinical and device-related outcomes after ICD implantation.We examined 5399 primary and secondary prevention ICD recipients between February 2003 and September 2010 to determine the effect of age on mortality, hospitalization, device therapy, and complications.Among primary prevention ICD recipients aged 18 to 49, 50 to 59, 60 to 69, 70 to 79, and ≥80 years, mortality increased significantly with age, as follows: 2.1, 3.0, 5.4, 6.9, and 10.2 deaths per 100 person-years, respectively.Secondary prevention ICD recipients also demonstrated increasing mortality, as follows: 2.2, 3.8, 6.1, 8.7, and 15.5 deaths per 100 person-years.However, rates of appropriate shock were similar across age groups, with a mean of 5.1 and 12.0 events per 100 person-years for primary and secondary prevention cohorts, respectively.Competing risk analysis verified an increase in all-cause mortality but no significant decline in appropriate shocks with advanced age.Furthermore, inappropriate therapy and complications were similar regardless of age.These results suggest that decisions regarding ICD candidacy should not be based on age alone.Cardiovascular and noncardiovascular hospitalizations were elevated in the elderly, reflecting a greater impact of comorbidities.Consideration of prognostic factors that predict mortality in conjunction with individualized clinical judgment will help to identify older patients who are more likely to benefit from ICD implantation.See p 2383.
Contempo '93
Authors: Margaret A. Winker
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Health care reform assumes center stage in Contempo '93. While the possible changes created by the (as yet) unspecified US government administration agenda concern all the authors, indeed all physicians and patients, the means by which medicine may improve access for all to high-quality care at an affordable cost is the issue every author and every field of medicine must address. Whereas in the past physicians occasionally embraced new technologies before their efficacy had been established, today most physicians assume that procedures, treatments, and screening must be justified in terms of cost, quality of life, or morbidity and mortality. The only debate: what is the best means to improve care while controlling costs? Outcomes research appears to be an important means of ensuring that screening and treatment will benefit the patient population as a whole. Not only is this form of research addressed at length in this issue's Medical News
Folic Acid Fortification of Food
Authors: Hans W. Grunwald
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Boushey and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report an increased risk of coronary artery disease in people with increased plasma homocysteine levels and suggest that this risk may be reduced by both supplementation and food fortification with folic acid. The dangers of these suggestions prompt us to point out the following. The quoted incidence of pernicious anemia of one in 5000 in a 1985 Mayo Clinic study<sup>2</sup>is a marked underestimation because that study based the diagnosis of pernicious anemia on anemia and/or typical neurologic manifestations. Many patients with cobalamin (vitamin B<sub>12</sub>) deficiency have no anemia and no classical neuropathy. Rather, they may have "dementia" usually ascribed to aging.<sup>3</sup>In 1992, Pennypacker et al<sup>4</sup>described low cobalamin and/or increased homocysteine and methylmalonic acid serum levels in 14.5% of elderly outpatients. A more recent study found undiagnosed true pernicious anemia in 3% of elderly outpatients or
POLITICS AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mechanism of Cediranib–Olaparib Combo Revealed
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2019)

Abstract A recent study investigated the mechanisms underlying the interaction between olaparib and cediranib in non–BRCA-mutant ovarian cancer. Cediranib may confer sensitivity to olaparib by increasing tumor hypoxia and inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptor, which reduces BRCA1/2 and RAD51 expression, thus decreasing homology-deficient DNA repair.
Factor VII deficiency and surgery. Is preoperative replacement therapy necessary?
Authors: A. J. Yorke
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A patient with congenital factor VII deficiency (factor VII was 12%) had gynecologic surgery performed without prophylactic blood-product replacement therapy. Blood loss was not excessive. A review of 12 additional patients with factor VII deficiency who underwent surgery without replacement therapy showed that surgical bleeding was uncommon and that there was no relationship between factor VII levels and hemorrhage. It is proposed that patients who bleed may be those who also have a prolonged bleeding time or who have ingested aspirin shortly before surgery. It is all proposed that replacement therapy be available for use if required, but that its routine preoperative use is probably unnecessary in this disorder. (<i>JAMA</i>238:424-425, 1977)
Polatuzumab Vedotin Combined with Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Prednisone (R-CHP) for Patients with Previously Untreated Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL): Preliminary Results of a Phase Ib Dose-Escalation
Authors: Nancy L. Bartlett, Andy I Chen, Kathryn S. Kolibaba, Thierry Lamy, Surai Jones, Jamie Hirata, Jeff P. Sharman
Journal: Blood (2015)
Postoperative synergistic gangrene
Authors: D. S. De Jongh
Journal: JAMA (1967)

POSTOPERATIVE synergistic gangrene, a spreading, infectious gangrene of skin and subcutaneous tissues, usually begins around retention sutures after abdominal operations. It is caused by an anhemolytic, microaerophilic<i>Streptococcus</i>in synergism with other organisms. A deep ulcer with gangrenous margins develops and may reach tremendous proportions. Although systemic symptoms tend to be minimal, the ulcer is painful. Even before the introduction of antibiotic therapy, this lesion was unusual. Vier,<sup>1</sup>in 1940, stated that the average surgeon observed only one or two cases during his lifetime. Although synergistic gangrene was described by several authors<sup>2,3</sup>before 1956, no publication dealing with this infection was found in the American medical literature from that time to the present (January 1966). The case reported here is significant in that the presence of a microaerophilic<i>Streptococcus</i>cultured from the abdominal wound was not recognized as the primary agent in the infection, and the patient was
In utero Epstein-Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis) infection
Authors: G. N. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1981)

A male infant infected in utero with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) demonstrated a syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies (micrognathia, cryptorchidism, central cataracts), hypotonia, thrombocytopenia, persistent monocytosis, proteinuria, and multiple areas of metaphysitis at birth. Lymphocytes were Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) positive (18%) and persisted in culture for three months. He had antibody to early antigen (anti-EA), IgM-viral capsid (anti-VCA), and EBNA (anti-EBNA) detectable at 22 days of age. All attempts to isolate infectious agents or to serologically identify other infectious causes for his syndrome were negative. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1579-1581)
CORRESPONDENCE
Authors: Roland R. Wettenhall
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1947)

Journal Article CORRESPONDENCE Get access Roland R. Wettenhall, F.R.A.C.P. Roland R. Wettenhall, F.R.A.C.P. 14, Parliament Place, Melbourne, C. 2; 9 May 1947 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 59, Issue 6, 1 June 1947, Page 232, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1947.tb11285.x Published: 01 June 1947
THE ANTIVIVISECTION INITIATIVE IN CALIFORNIA
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Congenital Transmission of Chagas Disease—Virginia, 2010
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Chagas disease, caused by infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects 8-11 million persons globally. In the endemic areas of Mexico, Central America, and South America, most infections are transmitted by triatomine insect (kissing bug) vectors. However, infection also can be acquired congenitally or through blood transfusion, organ transplantation, consumption of triatomine-contaminated food or drink, or laboratory accident. Early detection and treatment are highly effective; however, acute infection often is subclinical, and most persons are unaware of their infection. If left untreated, the infection is lifelong. The majority of persons with chronic infection remain without signs or symptoms, but 20%-30% eventually develop disease manifestations, most commonly, cardiomyopathy. Migration from endemic areas has led to an estimated 300,000 persons in the United States with chronic Chagas disease, including women of reproductive age who risk transmitting the infection to their children. This report describes the first case of congenital Chagas disease in the United States confirmed by CDC and highlights the importance of raising awareness of Chagas disease among health-care providers.
Growth hormone, insulinlike growth factor-1, and insulinlike growth factor binding proteins 1 and 3 in chronic liver disease*1
Authors: A DONAGHY
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The liver is the major source of circulating insulinlike growth factor-I (IGF-I) and has been suggested as a major source of at least two of the major binding proteins that modify its bioavailability. We aimed to assess the direct effects of liver dysfunction on serum levels of IGF1 and its major binding proteins by measuring fasting levels of growth hormone, IGF-1, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3, insulin, C peptide, and glucose in 35 patients with cirrhosis and during an oral glucose tolerance test in 16 of those patients. Serum levels of growth hormone (GH) were high in the patients: median, 12.0 mU/L (range, 1 to 87) compared with normals, 0.95 mU/L (0.1 to 20) (P < .0005) and serum IGF-1 levels were low: 81 ng/mL (38 to 153) versus 193 ng/mL (151 to 235) (P < .0001). Serum IGFBP3 levels were low in the patients: 1.59 mg/L, (0.46 to 4.43) compared with normals, 5.41 (4.34 to 6.11) (P< .0001), and there was a significant negative correlation between IGFBP-3 levels and Childs Pugh score (r =.63P <.0001). Fasting IGFBP-1 levels were significantly higher in the patients 31 ng/mL (11 to 92) than normals, 14 (7 to 20) (P < .0001). There was no correlation between fasting insulin and IGFBP-1 levels despite high fasting insulin levels. A decrease in IGFBP-1 levels was seen during the glucose tolerance test (GTT) in all patients. In conclusion, there are significant changes in the levels of two of the major IGF-1 binding proteins that may further limit the bioavailability of already low circulating IGF1 levels. Substrate availability appears to be a stronger influence on fasting IGFBP-1 levels than does insulin, and the close correlation of IGFBP-3 with liver function indicates a dominant regulatory role of the hepatocyte.
NECROLOGY.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CONVICTS AND HYGIENE.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal