tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20179: Correlation Between Visceral Fat and Coronary Artery Calcium in Metabolic Syndrome Patients
Authors: Jae Hyoung Park, Hyo-Jung Nam, Do-Sun Lim
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: To assess the relationship between visceral fat (VF) and coronary artery calcium (CAC), we performed visceral fat scan and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) cohort. Hypothesis: There is correlation between VF and CAC. Methods: From January to September 2014, among 1000 MetS patients who were referred from 24 public health centers in Seoul, 740 patients who performed visceral fat scan (HDS-2000, Omron) were enrolled in this analysis. MetS was defined as any three of the following traits in one individual: abdominal obesity (waist circumference of men&gt;90cm, women&gt;85cm), high triglyceride (TG) (&gt;150mg/dL), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) (men100mg/dL). Severity of fatty liver were graded from 0 to 3 by ultrasound. Brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), CAC and Augmentation index (AIx) were also measured. Results: The cut-off value of high VF area was calculated 88cm2 by Youden index. Incidence of MetS patients who had high VF area (≥88cm2) was 36% (267/740) and the prevalence of men was higher than women (53.4% vs 18.7%, p&lt;0.001). High VF group showed higher CAC than normal VF (11.2±43 vs 25.6±95, p=0.025). VF showed positive correlation with PWV and IMT (p=0.028 and 0.019). LVMI, CAC, abdominal subcutaneous fat, fatty liver grade, serum glucose, TG, HDLc, TG/HDLc ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were also positively correlated with VF (all of the p&lt; 0.01). Conclusions: High VF group showed high CAC. Moreover, VF area showed positive correlation with PWV, IMT, LVMI, CAC, TG/HDLc ratio, abdominal obesity, fatty liver grade and abdominal subcutaneous fat in MetS cohort. It may be considered that VF can predict severity of CAC, arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and fatty liver in MetS.
Phytochemical Mimicry of Reproductive Hormones and Modulation of Herbivore Fertility by Phytoestrogens
Authors: Claude L. Hughes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1988)

Plants have physical and chemical mechanisms for defense from attack by animals. Phytochemical defenses that protect plants from attack by insects include antifeedants, insecticides, and insect growth regulators. Phytochemical options exist by which plants can modulate the fertility of the other major group of plant predators, vertebrate herbivores, and thereby reduce cumulative attacks by those herbivores. The success of such a defense depends upon phytochemical mimicry of vertebrate reproductive hormones. Phytoestrogens do mimic reproductive hormones and are proposed to be defensive substances produced by plants to modulate the fertility of herbivores.
Maintenance pemetrexed (Pem) plus best supportive care (BSC) versus placebo (Plac) plus BSC: A randomized phase III study in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: C. P. Belani, T. Brodowicz, T. Ciuleanu, J. H. Kim, M. Krzakowski, E. Laack, Y. L. Wu, P. Peterson, K. Krejcy, C. Zielinski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA8000 Background: Pemetrexed's efficacy, favorable tolerability profile, and ease of administration provided a strong rationale for evaluation as maintenance therapy in patients (pts) with advanced NSCLC. We present the final analyses for all outcomes, including overall survival (OS), from a phase III study of Pem vs. Plac (Ciuleanu, J Clin Oncol 26, 2008, A 8011) in pts with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC who had not progressed on four cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: In this double-blind trial, pts were randomized 2:1 to receive Pem (500 mg/m2, day 1) plus BSC or Plac plus BSC in 21-day cycles until disease progression. All pts received vitamin B12, folic acid, and dexamethasone. The final OS analysis was performed using an unadjusted Cox model. Overall α = 0.05 for PFS and OS. Results: In the 663 randomized pts (Pem 441: Plac 222), Pem resulted in significantly better OS (13.4 vs. 10.6 mos [HR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65–0.95, P = 0.012]). As reported earlier, Pem also had better PFS (P <0.00001) and response (P <0.001) (Table). The improvements in PFS and OS were observed primarily in patients with non-squamous histology (PFS HR = 0.47 and OS HR = 0.70). Treatment by histology interaction for OS was significant (P = 0.038). Drug-related grade 3/4 toxicities were higher for Pem (16% vs 4%; P <0.001); specifically, fatigue (5% vs 0.5%) and neutropenia (2.9% vs. 0%). Grade 3/4 toxicities did not increase significantly in pts who received ≥6 and ≥10 cycles of Pem. There were no Pem-related deaths. Fewer pts in the Pem arm (51.5% vs 67.1%; P <0.001) received systemic post-discontinuation therapy. Conclusions: Pem maintenance therapy is well tolerated and offers superior OS and PFS compared with Plac, making it a new treatment paradigm for patients with advanced NSCLC who respond to initial therapy. This trial further validates that Pem has greater efficacy in patients with non-squamous histology. Median OS months p value (HR) Median PFS,* months p value (HR) CR+PR+SD,* % p value Pem Placebo Pem Placebo Pem Placebo Overall population 13.4 10.6 0.012 (0.79) 4.3 2.6 <0.0001 (0.50) 51.7 33.3 <0.001 Nonsquamous (n=482) 15.5 10.3 0.002 (0.70) 4.37 1.84 <0.00001 (0.47) 54.3 26.6 <0.001 Adeno (n=329) 16.8 11.5 0.026 (0.73) 4.60 2.66 <0.00001 (0.51) 58.2 29.6 <0.001 Large Cell (n=20) 8.4 7.9 0.964 (0.98) 4.53 1.45 0.104 (0.40) 30.0 25.0 0.999 Other (n=133) 11.3 7.7 0.025 (0.61) 4.11 1.58 0.0001 (0.44) 47.5 18.9 0.004 Squamous (n=181) 9.9 10.8 0.678 (1.07) 2.43 2.50 0.896 (1.03) 33.3 34.5 1.000 * Independent review data. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eli Lilly and Company Eli Lilly and Company Eli Lilly and Company AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, Roche Eli Lilly and Company
This Week in &lt;EMPH TYPE="ITAL"&gt;JAMA&lt;/EMPH&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2004)

cells from a cloned human embryo-work seen as an advance toward stem cell-based transplantation medicine, not reproductive cloning. SEE PAGE 1185 Health Insurance for AdolescentsRecent expansion of public health insurance programs has improved coverage for poor and near-poor adolescents, but reductions in private insurance availability left more middle-and high-income teens without health insurance in 2002.
Coccidia and Coccidiosis of Domesticated, Game and Laboratory Animals and of Man
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigendum
Journal: BMJ (1932)

MEDICAL JOURNAL_improvement unitil I tried irradiations of ultra-violet light, in small doses giveni frequently, three feet from the burnier.This boy mlde a dramatic recovery, anid in additioin to the urticarial attacks disappearing he made most remarkable strides in speaking anid in his intelligenice generally.HIe is no-w a healthy schoolboy of 10, and, as far as I have heard, has inever had any recurrence of the skin trouble, though thyroid extract wvas discontinued, with the light treatment, when the condition cleared up.I lhave also tried ultra- violet rays for a slecies of paroxysmal urticaria, nervous in origin, fror which I myself have suffered, with imme- diate re lief. Income TaxA ppoinst ment-Travelling Expenses M.O.H." is a local official, and receives a travelling allow- ance for the use of his car.The council has adopted the Treasury scale, but allows him only a lower rate than the horse-power of his car would warrant.His assistant is
Brain Death
Authors: Frank J. Veith
Journal: JAMA (1977)

PART I of this article established the scientific validity of current clinical and laboratory criteria for determining complete destruction of the brain or brain death. It also showed that total destruction of the brain constitutes a determinant of death, which is in accord with secular philosophy and the three major Western religions. In part II, legal issues that arise from use of brain-related criteria to pronounce death are considered. <h3>NEED FOR STATUTORY RECOGNITION OF BRAIN DEATH</h3> The fact that physicians can recognize total and irreversible destruction of the brain on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria is accepted and commonly utilized in many areas of the world. The need to make such pronouncements is based primarily on the requirement of society to respond appropriately to two recent advances in medical technology. The first is the hardware that can artificially maintain lung and heart action in the absence of spontaneous
Correction
Journal: Gut (1970)

Notes on books of modem medicine and the medical sciences'.Consultants in all fields will find this series gives them a really up-to- date picture of basic sciences and their practical application in medical practice.Journees frangaises d'informatique medicale et hospitaliere.This publication brings together studies on physics and mathematics applied to medicine in France with special reference to mech- anical documentation and use of com- puters.There is a section on computer diagnosis of liver diseases.Essentially a book for the super specialist in computeraided medicine.
Task force formed to coordinate study, testing of AIDS therapies
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Evaluation and clinical testing of potentially useful therapies for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are entering a new phase. Until now, drugs or other strategies that might be helpful in the treatment of the disease have, by and large, been evaluated by independent investigators, by pharmaceutical companies that have developed possibly useful agents, or in clinical studies at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md. However, even though much has been accomplished, the number of AIDS cases continues to mount. As of this month, there are nearly 18,000 reported cases of AIDS with more than 9,000 deaths. So it is being recognized that the efforts to develop strategies for managing AIDS need more focus administratively and scientifically. The result has been the formation within the Public Health Service of a task force on AIDS. At the moment, it is headed by Walter R. Dowdle, PhD. "The idea of my
Collective Radiation Biodosimetry for Dose Reconstruction of Acute Accidental Exposures: A Review
Authors: Barry Pass
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Quantification of the biologically relevant dose is required to establish cause and effect between radiation detriment or burden and important biological outcomes.Most epidemiologic studies of unanticipated radiation exposure fail to establish cause and effect because researchers have not been able to construct a valid quantification of dose for the exposed population.However, no one biodosimetric technique (biophysical or biological) meets all the requirements of an ideal dosimeter.This paper reviews how the collection of biodosimetric data for victims of radiation accidents can be used to create a dosimetric "gold standard."Particular emphasis is placed on the use of electron spin resonance, a standard for radiation accident dosimetry.As an example of this technique, a review will be presented of a previously reported study of an individual exposed to a 60Co sterilization source.
Auriculotherapy-Reply
Authors: Ronald Melzack
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Nogier criticizes our experiment by arguing that the control points we used are actually "therapeutically active" points, so that he is not surprised that statistical comparison revealed no differences. However, he fails to note that our second study used no electrical stimulation, yet even then we found no differences in pain relief between stimulation and no-stimulation placebo control. In contrast, Madill argues that the gentle touch of the probe in the placebo control group might have been sufficient to produce therapeutic effects. We stated clearly in our article that the "probe tip was placed gently" on the skin, and it is difficult to believe that the barest touch of the skin could bring about a therapeutic effect. Nogier's and Madill's letters provide an interesting comment on auriculotherapy. Nogier's new maps indicate that, for musculoskeletal pain at least, stimulation at any site of the outer ear is therapeutically effective.
Medical disorders in drug addicts. 200 consecutive admissions
Authors: A. G. White
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The cases of 200 patients admitted to the Bernstein Institute Medical Inpatient Unit (Beth Israel Medical Center, New York) were analyzed according to epidemiologic, demographic, and diagnostic characteristics. There were 129 men and 71 women; 126 patients were below 30 years of age and the youngest was 15 years old. Sixty-eight patients were white; 82, black; 49, Hispanic; and 1, Oriental. Reasons for admission were the following: acute hepatitis (30.5%), infections (27.5%), detoxification (11.5%), diabetes mellitus (7.5%), pulmonary disease (6.0%), overdose (5.0%), cardiovascular disease (4.0%), gastrointestinal disease (3.5%), and venereal disease (3.5%).
Selection bias in the use of thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction. The SAVE Investigators
Authors: M. A. Pfeffer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether clinical selection for thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction results in a skewed population for subsequent adverse cardiovascular events. <h3>Design.</h3> —A comparison of the clinical features of the patients in the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement Study who either had or had not received thrombolytic therapy was conducted in both univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Hospitalized patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction from 112 broadly representative, private, academic, and government hospitals in the United States and Canada. <h3>Patients.</h3> —All patients in the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement Study had had a recent myocardial infarction (&lt;16 days) and had a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Thrombolytic therapy was administered to 733 patients and was not given to 1498. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The comparisons with respect to use of thrombolytic therapy were formulated after the completion of enrollment and indicated that the majority of patients did not receive thrombolytic therapy. <h3>Results.</h3> —The 1498 (67.1%) patients who did not receive thrombolytic therapy were at higher risk (older age, lower functional capacity, greater likelihood of a history of prior myocardial infarction, angina, diabetes, and hypertension) for subsequent cardiovascular events and, as anticipated, were more likely to have concomitant gastrointestinal and neurological diseases. A multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that older age, prior myocardial infarction, impaired functional status, employment status, diabetes, and neurological diseases were predictors of use of thrombolytic therapy. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Although the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement Study population was selected for left ventricular dysfunction, the majority of patients who currently are judged clinically as unsuitable for thrombolytic therapy have a higher risk for adverse cardiovascular events. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:528-532)
Treatment of Bromide Poisoning: Comparison of Forced Halogen Turnover and Hemodialysis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Training Programs
Authors: Edward W. Hook
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

People are central to all of the projects discussed in this Symposium. Much of what we want to do depends on a properly trained and educated professional. I do not wish to minimize the importance of our laboratories, our equipment, the "things" that are central to research, but I suggest that we may have disproportionately funded these "things" to the neglect of the core of the process—the investigator, or, in the training program, the preceptor. The central problem here for physicians is an economic one brought about by multiple causes, especially by increasing reliance of physicians in academic medical centers
Serologic diagnosis and fetal involvement in maternal rubella. Criteria for abortion
Authors: W. E. Rawls
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A series of pregnant women with clinical rubella or exposed to a rubella-like illness was studied in an effort to establish a diagnosis of rubella by serologic means. Serologic evidence of rubella could not be found in seven exposed women in whom clinical illness did not develop. A fourfold rise in antibody titer was demonstrated in 13 of 16 women with a rubella-like illness. Ten women underwent therapeutic abortions and rubella virus was recovered from nine of ten abortuses. Rubella virus was also isolated from the placenta and throat swab of the one infant delivered thus far from the women with first trimester rubella. The number of fetal cells infected with virus was determined in five fetuses and found to be between one per 1,000 and one per 250,000 cells. The findings indicate that a high proportion of fetuses are infected in serologically proven maternal rubella. The number of fetal cells infected by rubella virus is relatively small, a finding which supports the hypothesis that viral persistence in congenital rubella results from in utero establishment of clones of infected cells.
Abstract 1900: A tension-mediated glycocalyx feedback loop promotes glioblastoma
Authors: Shelly Kaushik, James Matthew Barnes, Russell O. Bainer, Jason K. Sa, Elliot C. Woods, Fuiboon Kai, Jonathon N. Lakins, Joanna J. Phillips, Valerie M. Weaver
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract A considerable challenge in glioblastoma (GBM) therapy is treatment resistance and tumor recurrence, resulting in dismal patient prognosis. GBM aggression and recurrence is often associated with a mesenchymal phenotype, increased expression of glycoproteins and the presence of glioma-initiating “stem-like” cells. Using patient-derived xenograft models, and immune competent syngeneic and transgenic glioma mouse models, we show that aggressive mesenchymal-like GBMs, reminiscent of recurrent GBM, are mechanically stiffer, present with a bulky glycocalyx and demonstrate a stem-like phenotype. We report that the more aggressive mesenchymal GBMs show increased mechanical signaling and contractility, and their tumors are surrounded by a stiffer ECM that maintains and even further enhances integrin mechanosignaling. Since a large proportion of these bulky glycoproteins are also stem markers, upregulation of the glycoproteins and their modulators leads to enhanced GBM stem-ness. This was evident both in our mesenchymal models of GBM as well as multiple patient datasets which compared paired primary and recurrent GBM RNA sequencing and protein data. In addition to stem-ness, we show that the mechanically “enhanced” GBMs also foster a differential immune landscape, infiltrated by type 2 macrophages, believed to be pro-tumorigenic and immune evasive. Our findings suggest that there is a dynamic and reciprocal link between integrin mechanosignaling, the GBM immune landscape and a bulky glycocalyx, which promotes a mesenchymal, stem-like phenotype and likely recurrence in GBM patients. Thus, therapeutic strategies to target GBM tissue tension could prevent recurrence, reduce mortality and improve patient outcome. Citation Format: Shelly Kaushik, James Matthew Barnes, Russell O. Bainer, Jason K. Sa, Elliot C. Woods, Fuiboon Kai, Jonathon N. Lakins, Joanna J. Phillips, Valerie M. Weaver. A tension-mediated glycocalyx feedback loop promotes glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1900.
THE CONVULSIVE AND APOPLECTIFORM ATTACKS OF PARESIS.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal