tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evolution of a prevention of blindness program in Santa Clara County. Special emphasis on glaucoma detection (1960-1970)
Authors: M. T. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Glaucoma screening sponsored by the Sight Conservation Research Center, a volunteer agency, has proved to be rewarding. Much of its success depends on its association with the Santa Clara County Health Department. The follow-up program would be very difficult without the public health nurses and personnel provided. More than 30,000 persons have been screened, with a case-finding percentage of 1.33% for positive glaucoma and 2.32% for borderline glaucoma; only about 1% of the referrals have been closed without diagnosis. When the success of the glaucoma screening program became apparent, other tests were added, including x-ray film of the chest, respiratory-function tests, blood pressure, blood glucose, hematocrit, cholesterol, and uric acid. The number of borderline glaucoma patients that have become positive (58) is firm justification of the long-term follow-up program.
Tracheostomy or not?
Authors: D. A. Greene
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE ROLE of tracheostomy in the management of patients with acute upper-airway obstruction has changed considerably in the past few decades. Once the prime initial technique for relieving sudden airway embarrassment, tracheostomy is now only one of several methods available, each of which has specific advantages and disadvantages. This report presents some of the indications for tracheostomy and establishes some guidelines for the initial management of suddenly compromised airways. Tracheostomy has been known for more than two thousand years.<sup>1</sup>It was discussed by the Greek physician Asclepiades in 100 BC and by the Moslem physician Avenzoar in the 12th century AD. For the next 800 years, reports appeared in the world's literature describing tracheostomy for the relief of upper-airway obstruction from foreign bodies, infection, or trauma. Tracheostomy has been used increasingly for treatment of upperrespiratory tract obstruction and ventilatory failure over the last 50 years, especially during the past
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: William S. Pierce
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A continued refinement of techniques, careful analyses of treatment options, and long-term follow-up of patients characterize the recent progress in cardiothoracic surgery. The survival rates of patients with lung or esophageal cancer continue to be most disappointing. Many patients have nonresectable disease when first seen. The principles of safe resection were established decades ago. However, distant metastasis or local extension of disease often results in death of the patient. Recently, Einhorn<sup>1</sup>critically reviewed a series of studies that evaluated the role of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (advanced local disease but without distant metastasis). Pending the results of further clinical trials, Einhorn recommends resection for cure when possible and radiotherapy where curative resection is not possible. The values of preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy remain unproved in patients with these common lung tumors.
Angina Pectoris.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Why Me
Authors: Yeu-Tsu N. (Margaret) Lee
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<b>A Woman's Choice: New Options in the Treatment of Breast Cancer,</b>by Mary Spletter, 236 pp, with illus, $14.50, Boston, Beacon Press, 1982. These two books, written by consumer advocates, aim to help women to understand the physiological changes and physical and psychological impact of breast disease, and to encourage them to participate in decisions about detection, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer, as well as rehabilitation. Both authors are science writers by profession, and both have read extensively and interviewed many people when they themselves had mastectomies and breast reconstruction. Although Kushner's book is listed as a first edition, she wrote<i>Breast Cancer</i>in 1975, and another<i>Why Me</i>? in 1977. This new edition for the 1980s has 17 chapters. She describes her insistence on having only a breast biopsy in 1974 and her search for an oncological surgeon who would not do the Halsted radical mastectomy (found after
Evidence for the Role of Environmental Agents in the Initiation or Progression of Autoimmune Conditions
Authors: Jonathan J. Powell, Judy Van de Water, M. Eric Gershwin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The concordance of autoimmune disease among identical twins is virtually always less than 50% and often in the 25-40% range.This observation, as well as epidemic clustering of some autoimmune diseases following xenobiotic exposure, reinforces the thesis that autoimmune disease is secondary to both genetic and environmental factors.Because nonliving agents do not have genomes, disease characteristics involving nonliving xenobiotics are primarily secondary to host phenotype and function.In addition, because of individual genetic susceptibilities based not only on major histocompatibility complex differences but also on differences in toxin metabolism, lifestyles, and exposure rates, individuals will react differently to the same chemicals.With these comments in mind it is important to note that there have been associations of a number of xenobiotics with human autoimmune disease, including mercury, iodine, vinyl chloride, canavanine, organic solvents, silica, L-tryptophan, particulates, ultraviolet radiation, and ozone.In addition, there is discussion in the literature that raises the possibility that xenobiotics may also exacerbate an existing autoimmune disease.In this article we discuss these issues and, in particular, the evidence for the role of environmental agents in the initiation or progression of autoimmune conditions.With the worldwide deterioration of the environment, this is a particularly important subject for human health.
Nosocomial Hepatitis A
Authors: Bruce S. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Seven premature infants contracted asymptomatic hepatitis A while hospitalized in an intensive care nursery (nursery A) from May through August 1981. Fifteen secondary cases occurred between Aug 13 and Oct 14 and included six family members of nursery A infants, five nursery A nurses, and three nurses and a physician at two other nurseries—B and C. Nurseries B and C had each received an infected infant transferred from nursery A in July. An epidemiologic investigation was conducted to determine the mode of transmission of hepatitis A in infants. A common vehicle was not identified. Review of dates of onset of illness in adults suggested that hepatitis A was transmitted in at least two generations of illness in infants at nursery A. Evaluation of infant handling in nursery A, using a case-control study, suggested that hepatitis A was transmitted among infants by nurses. Asymptomatic infected premature infants can be a source of hepatitis A in nursery infants and personnel and in the community. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:2716-2721)
Epidemiologic Studies of Electric and Magnetic Fields and Cancer: Strategies for Extending Knowledge
Authors: David A. Savitz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Epidemiologic research concerning electric and magnetic fields in relation to cancer has focused on the potential etiologic roles of residential expo- sure on childhood cancer and occupational exposure on adult leukemia and brain cancer.Future residential studies must concentrate on exposure assessment that is enhanced by developing models of historical exposure, assessment of the relation between magnetic fields and wire codes, and consideration of alternate exposure indices.Study design issues deserving attention include possible biases in random digit dialing control selection, consideration of the temporal course of exposure and disease, and acquisition of the necessary information to assess the potential value of ecologic studies.Highest priorities are comprehensive evaluation of exposure patterns and sources and examination of the sociology and geography of resi- dential wire codes.Future occupational studies should also concentrate on improved exposure assessment with increased attention to nonutility worker populations and development of historical exposure indicators that are superior to job titles alone.Potential carcinogens in the workplace that could act as confounders need to be more carefully examined.The temporal relation between exposure and disease and possible effect modification by other workplace agents should be incorporated into future studies.The most pressing need is for measurement of exposure patterns in a variety of worker populations and performance of traditional epidemiologic evaluations of cancer occurrence.The principal source of bias toward the null is nondifferential misclassification of exposure with improvements expected to enhance any true etiologic association that is present.Biases away from the null might include biased control selection in residential studies and chemical carcinogens acting as confounders in occupational studies.
Carbon Monoxide Levels During Indoor Sporting Events—Cincinnati, 1992-1993
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Carbon monoxide (CO) produced by internal combustion engines is an indoor health hazard. High CO levels can occur during indoor sporting events--such as tractor pulls--that involve vehicles modified to achieve high horsepower. In January and March 1992 and January 1993, the Cincinnati Health Department evaluated CO levels during tractor pulls, monster-truck jumps, and a mud race event held in an indoor arena with a seating capacity of approximately 16,000 persons. This report summarizes findings from the evaluations.
Abstract 1061: Animal models of prostate cancer
Authors: Frida Ponthan, Matthew Brown, Emma Playle, Catherine Booth
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is the most common male malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United Kingdom and the United States. It’s a heterogeneous disease caused by different genetic mutations where the majority of prostate cancers are indolent and slow growing. However, some tumours are aggressive with the ability to invade local structures and metastasise leading to poor clinical outcome. One of the most important aspects in anti-cancer drug development is the availability of robust preclinical models which allow the efficacy of novel therapies to be examined. We have developed a reproducible, well growing and robust subcutaneous model of LNCaP with an effective response to both conventional standard of care (SOC) chemotherapy and androgen receptor inhibitors. Materials and Methods: Cells were subcutaneously implanted on the flank of NSG mice and treated with an anti-androgen with or without conventional chemotherapy starting after 15-20 days when the mean tumour volume was 150-200mm3. Animal weight and tumour volume was measured 3x weekly. Androgen receptor (AR) expression was analysed with immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis before and after treatment. Results: The LNCaP cell line grew well in vivo with 100% take rate. Vehicle treated tumours doubled in size over the first 6 days of treatment and were 4.5x the mean starting volume by day 17 post-treatment start, when the group was removed from the study. Significant tumour growth inhibition was observed in response to both conventional and anti-androgen receptor treatment consistent with the maintained AR expression confirmed by gene expression analysis. Conclusion: This high take rate responsive model represents a significant improvement in subcutaneous xenograft models of prostate cancer, and allows the comparison of AR responsive therapies, alone or in combination with conventional SOC or irradiation. Current protocols employing luciferase transfected cells has also enabled evaluation of metastatic disease. Citation Format: Frida Ponthan, Matthew Brown, Emma Playle, Catherine Booth. Animal models of prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1061.
Treatment of Drug-Induced Coma: Effectiveness of Methylphenidate
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Forceps and Vacuum Extractor: Seven Years Experience
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Die entzündlichen Erkrankungen der weiblichen Geschlechtsorgane: Ihr Wesen, ihre Erkennung und Behandlung.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Herpetic whitlow: a medical risk.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

munity medicine, general practice, health organization at local levels, and staffing problems.They deserve to be widely read, and the initiative of the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust in commissioning them is welcome.The new shape of the N.H.S. is far from settled and the health professions must make sure that in the reshaped N.H.S. their concerted views, based on thorough research, are continuously available to local and central health authori- ties.The Department of Health rightly attaches importance to preserving clinical freedom, but it hopes that doctors will exercise this freedom "in the knowledge of the available resources and of national and local priorities and objectives."6If the profession can do this its claim to a bigger share of national resources for the N.H.S. will carry more weight.
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Mammographic screening for breast cancer
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Combined Congenital Pulmonic and Mitral Stenosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intelligence and EEG studies in families with idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: W. E. Needham
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The intellectual functioning (intelligence quotient) of 73 patients with familial idiopathic epilepsy was compared with that of their close nonepileptic relatives, including those with epileptoid electroencephalograms and those with normal brain-wave recordings. Approximately 70% of the patients with idiopathic epilepsy who were tested scored lower than the average, ie, median IQ, of their close relatives. However, the<i>mean</i>IQ scores of the patients with epilepsy were within or near the "average" ranges, although one fourth to one third of these patients tested within the "borderline" and "defective" categories. No differences in intellectual functioning were felt to exist between nonepileptic relatives who had an epileptoid EEG and those with a normal tracing.
TOLERANCE OF QUACKERY SHOULD END.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Address Delivered at the Opening of the Section of Obstetric Medicine
Authors: H. Gervis
Journal: BMJ (1885)

ANTISEPSIS IN MIDWIFERY.)jy first duty to-day, gentlemen, is to express my grateful sense of the honour done me by the Council of our Association in inviting me to ocoupy this chair, and my next is to express the hope that our meet- ing, on this oc asion, may not be less pleasant to ourselves than useful for the.promotion of that department of science in whiah we are specially interesited.Fortunately for me, my present duty is simply to offer a few remarks by way of introduction to our work, and not to give ono of those more formal and important addresses, such as this year are devoted to Therapeutics, Surgery, and Public Medicine.It is in some quarters rather the fashion to decry these annual meetings from the point of view of science, and to insist that the7festive element