tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: George R. Huggins
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This past year has been an exciting one for physicians involved in contraception and family planning. The Norplant subdermal contraceptive system (levonorgestrel; Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, Pa) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 1990 has gained a public acceptance far beyond any expectations. As of December 1992, more than 600 000 systems have been implanted in US women (oral communication, M. E. Weber, MD, Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, March 1993). Preliminary experience has been favorable. Despite extensive worldwide experience with Norplant, there are relatively few US data. Published clinical trials with a total of less than 1000 women were conducted in the United States prior to December 1990. Women in these clinical trials were all older than age 18 years, parous, and without significant medical problems. Questions regarding the acceptability of Norplant among US adolescents, low-income women, and medically high-risk contraceptors were not addressed. A survey of 678 Norplant
Reply
Authors: S. Nogrady
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Absence of refractoriness in asthmatic subjects after exercise with warm, humid inspirate SiR,-That Dr AG Hahn and his colleagues demonstrated, as implied in the title of their article (June 1985;40:418-21), absence of refractoriness to exercise induced asthma after exercise with warm humid inspirate I would not dispute.Indeed, they did it most beautifully.In their other experiment, however, they did not demonstrate refractoriness in cold, dry air.They justified the conclusion of no refractoriness by the difference in response in percentage terms from two different baselines.This difference has no meaning in absolute terms, as the position of the second baseline is quite arbitrary.If one refers to the true baseline, FEV1 at complete relaxation,
Serotonin-Specific Drugs For Anxiety And Depressive Disorders
Authors: D. Charney
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1990)

CD40 is a cell-surface member of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor superfamily. Upon activation, CD40 can license dendritic cells to promote antitumor T cell activation and re-educate macrophages to destroy tumor stroma. Numerous agonist CD40 ...Read More
Morphogenetic Roles of Acetylcholine
Authors: J. M. Lauder, U. B. Schambra
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

In the adult nervous system, neurotransmitters mediate cellular communication within neuronal circuits.In developing tissues and primitive organisms, neurotransmitters subserve growth regulatory and morphogenetic functions.Accumulated evidence suggests that acetylcholine, (ACh), released from growing axons, regulates growth, differentiation, and plasticity of developing central nervous system neurons.In addition to intrinsic cholinergic neurons, the cerebral cortex and hippocampus receive extensive innervation from cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain, beginning prenatally and continuing throughout the period of active growth and synaptogenesis.Acute exposure to ethanol in early gestation (which prevents formation of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons) or neonatal lesioning of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, significantly compromises cortical development and produces persistent impairment of cognitive functions.Neonatal visual deprivation alters developmental expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in visual cortex, whereas local infusion of mAChR antagonists impairs plasticity of visual cortical neurons.These findings raise the possibility that exposure to environmental neurotoxins that affect cholinergic systems may seriously compromise brain development and have long-lasting morphologic, neurochemical, and functional consequences.
Das Wunder in der Heilkunde.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of propranolol and hydrochlorothiazide for the initial treatment of hypertension. II. Results of long-term therapy. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents
Journal: JAMA (1982)

As described in the preceding communication, either propranolol hydrochloride or hydrochlorothiazide were randomly allocated in a double-blind manner to 683 patients with initial diastolic BP in the range of 95 to 114 mm Hg. Of this number, 394 entered the long-term treatment phase. During the subsequent 12 months of long-term treatment, hydrochlorothiazide was more effective than propranolol in controlling BP (mean reductions, -17.5/-13.1 mm Hg with hydrochlorothiazide compared with -8.3/-11.3 with propranolol. After treatment with hydrochlorothiazide, a greater percentage of patients achieved the goal diastolic BP of less than 90 mm Hg (65.5% compared with 52.8% taking propranolol). Also during treatment, fewer patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide required termination as compared with those receiving propranolol; comparative dosage requirements were lower; additional titration during long-term treatment was required less often, and BP remained lower after withdrawal of the active drugs. However, biochemical abnormalities were greater with hydrochlorothiazide. Although not statistically significant, the antihypertensive effects of hydrochlorothiazide were greater in blacks than in whites. Whites, on the other hand, had a greater response to propranolol than blacks, although it was still less than the response of the whites to hydrochlorothiazide.
Hyponatremic Encephalopathy After Endometrial Ablation
Authors: Devanand Mangar
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs Arieff and Ayus<sup>1</sup>present four female patients with symptomatic hyponatremia, and one patient died as a consequence of cerebral edema and tonsillar herniation during endometrial ablation using either glycine or sorbitol. They recommend that hypo-osmolality should be suspected in patients undergoing endometrial ablation under general anesthesia if there is decrease in body temperature, decrease in oxygen saturation, tremulousness, or dilated pupil. Gynecologists may also use 32% dextran 70 (Hyskon, Kabi Pharmacia, Piscataway, NJ) to distend the uterine cavity in order to facilitate visualization during laser endometrial ablation. It has been shown that Hyskon enters the bloodstream and abdominal cavity.<sup>2,3</sup>Intravascular absorption of more than 500 mL of this material results in pulmonary edema and coagulopathy, also known as the hysteroscopy syndrome.<sup>2,3</sup>In my institution, this syndrome has caused gynecologists to use sorbitol instead of Hyskon. Both anesthesiologists and urologists are familiar with cardiovascular
Council on drugs. List no. 96. New names
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
L'Insuline.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Lead Intoxication
Authors: Hassan Mehbod
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Four patients suffering from lead intoxication due to consumption of illicitly distilled alcohol were given small doses of edetate calcium disodium (Calcium Disodium Versenate) and then subjected to peritoneal dialysis. The rate of deleading by dialysis exceeded significantly the rate of urinary lead excretion in each patient. In each patient, the administration of edetate calcium disodium induced an increase in the amount of lead recovered in the dialysate.
Preface
Authors: Endicott, Kenneth M.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Journal Article Preface Get access Kenneth M. Endicott, M.D. Kenneth M. Endicott, M.D. Director National Cancer Institute. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 40, Issue 6, June 1968, Pages XI–XII, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/40.6.XI Published: 01 June 1968
Irradiation of the primary lesion of the rectum and rectosigmoid
Authors: M. M. Kligerman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

SURGERY is currently the method of choice in the management of operable adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Unfortunately, as pointed out by Gilbertsen,<sup>1</sup>five-year survival is less than 50% in patients in whom resection is possible. Only 30% of all patients with rectal cancer are longterm survivors. Morson et al<sup>2</sup>state that surgery alone has little more to offer in the treatment of rectal cancer.... and in spite of all attempts at earlier diagnosis, there has been no significant change in the incidence of the different stages of rectal cancer over the past 25 years. According to Gilbertsen,<sup>1</sup>"by the time of diagnosis, most of these cancers have already spread beyond the intestine to adjacent lymph nodes, contiguous organs, or to more remote areas." He reports that among 125 patients who died of adenocarcinoma of the rectum after "curative" resections, approximately half died with local recurrence. Rectal cancer,
Non-invasive evaluation of late cardiac toxicity in childhood cancer survivors
Authors: M. M. Hudson, S. N. Rai, X. Deng, T. Merchant, N. Marina, N. Zalamea, C. Cox, S. Phipps, D. Rosenthal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6047 Background: Our understanding of the relationship of echocardiographic abnormalities to clinical cardiovascular status in long-term childhood cancer survivors is deficient. Methods: Long-term childhood cancer survivors returning for annual follow-up were assessed by physical examination, laboratory (hemoglobin, thyroid function, and fasting lipid profile) evaluation, echocardiogram, and 12-lead and 24-hour electrocardiogram. Mean fractional shortening (FS) and afterload (AF) were compared for survivors who did (at risk) and did not (no risk) receive cardiotoxic therapy and to control values. Two sample t test and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. Results: Of 278 survivors studied, 237 were at risk and 41 at no risk for cardiotoxicity. Median age at diagnosis and evaluation was 4.7 years and 16.8 years; 50% were male and 81.7% Caucasian. The median dose of anthracycline was 195 mg/m2. None of the patients had clinical cardiac dysfunction. Mean FS (SD) was lower for at risk survivors (0.334±0.062) compared to normative controls (0.36±0.04) (p<0.0001). Mean AF (SD) was higher for at risk survivors (56.67±20.58) compared to no risk survivors (46.49±14.82) and normative controls (48.0±13.0) (p<0.0001 and p=0.003, respectively). Multiple regression analyses showed that anthracycline dose (p=0.0003) and age at therapy (p=0.0154) predicted FS; these same parameters plus time from therapy and BMI were significant predictors of AF. Subjects treated with anthracycline dose ≥ 260 mg/m2 were at highest risk for difference in FS and AF. Clinical cardiovascular status was not predictive of FS or AF. Conclusions: Childhood cancer survivors treated with anthracycline doses of ≥ 260 mg/m2 are at greatest risk for abnormalities of FS and AF by non-invasive cardiac assessments. FS and AF were not correlated with clinical cardiac disease in this relatively young cohort. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
POISONS AND DEFECTIVE RENAL ELIMINATION.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cryptococcal Pyelonephritis
Authors: Russell E. Randall, William K. Stacy, Elam C. Toone, George R. Prout, Gordon E. Madge, H. Jean Shadomy, Smith Shadomy, John P. Utz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Of four patients with cryptococcal pyelonephritis, three had taken acetylsalicylic acid and adrenal steroids for rheumatoid arthritis, and one had lymphoma. Hematuria, proteinuria and pyuria preceded symptoms of meningitis in all four, and moderate azotemia was present in each. Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from the urine, and was visible on microscopical examination of the sediment. Autopsy in three and renal biopsy in one disclosed changes of chronic pyelonephritis associated with numerous cryptococcal organisms. Papillary necrosis was present in all four patients, and the pathological findings in one suggest that this may be an early lesion of cryptococcal pyelonephritis. One patient was successfully treated with amphotericin B. Infections with C. neoformans must be added to the differential etiologic diagnosis of papillary necrosis, chronic pyelonephritis and nonbacteriuric pyuria.
Effective utilization of the psychiatric hospital
Authors: A. B. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The role of the psychiatric hospital in an expanding program of community psychiatry is undergoing redefinition.<sup>1</sup>The general philosophy underlying the community mental health program is based largely on research findings from the social sciences,<sup>2,3</sup>and can be summarized briefly as follows: mental illness in an individual is significantly influenced in its development and its progression by his relationship to his family and to the community. Psychotherapeutic attention must be focused on these relationships in order to achieve maximal effectiveness. The classical one-to-one therapy that predominates in the private practice of psychiatry is frequently ineffective in dealing with these relationships, and does not reach the less prosperous and less articulate classes of society, both because of its expense and because it seems to be tailored to middle class attitudes and values. The psychiatrist's concept of his role must therefore be broadened to include work with families and community
Lack of Durable Improvements in β-Cell Function Following Withdrawal of Pharmacological Interventions in Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: David A. Ehrmann, Karla A. Temple, Abby Rue, Elena Barengolts, Babak Mokhlesi, Eve Van Cauter, Susan Sam, M. Annette Miller, Steven E. Kahn, Karen M. Atkinson, Jerry P. Palmer, Kristina M. Utzschneider, Tsige Gebremedhin, Abigail Kernan-Schloss, Alexandra Kozedub, Brenda K. Montgomery, Emily J. Morse, Kieren J. Mather, Tammy Garrett, Tamara S. Hannon, Amale Lteif, Aniket Patel, Robin Chisholm, Karen Moore, Vivian Pirics, Linda Pratt, Kristen J. Nadeau, Susan Gross, Philip S. Zeitler, Jayne Williams, Melanie Cree-Green, Yesenia Garcia Reyes, Krista Vissat, Silva A. Arslanian, Kathleen Brown, Nancy Guerra, Kristin Porter, Sonia Caprio, Mary Savoye, Bridget Pierpont, Thomas A. Buchanan, Anny H. Xiang, Enrique Trigo, Elizabeth Beale, Ting Chow, Fadi N. Hendee, Namir Katkhouda, Krishan Nayak, Mayra Martinez, Cortney Montgomery, Xinhui Wang, Jun Wu, Sharon L. Edelstein, John M. Lachin, Ashley Hogan Tjaden, Santica Marcovina, Jessica Harting, John Albers, Dave Hill, Peter J. Savage, Ellen W. Leschek
Journal: Diabetes Care (2019)

OBJECTIVE The Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Adult Medication Study compared pharmacological approaches targeted to improve β-cell function in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or treatment-naive type 2 diabetes of &amp;lt;12 months duration. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 267 adults with IGT (n = 197, 74%) or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n = 70, 26%) were studied. Participants were randomized to receive 12 months of metformin alone, 3 months of insulin glargine with a target fasting glucose &amp;lt;5 mmol/L followed by 9 months of metformin, 12 months of liraglutide combined with metformin, or 12 months of placebo. β-Cell function was assessed using hyperglycemic clamps at baseline, 12 months (on treatment), and 15 months (3 months off treatment). The primary outcome was β-cell function at 15 months compared with baseline. RESULTS All three active treatments produced on-treatment reductions in weight and improvements in HbA1c compared with placebo; the greatest reductions were seen in the liraglutide plus metformin group. At 12 months, glucose-stimulated C-peptide responses improved in the three active treatment groups and were greatest in the liraglutide plus metformin group, but the arginine-stimulated incremental C-peptide response was reduced in the liraglutide plus metformin group. Despite on-treatment benefits, 3 months after treatment withdrawal there were no sustained improvements in β-cell function in any treatment group. CONCLUSIONS In adults with IGT or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes, interventions that improved β-cell function during active treatment failed to produce persistent benefits after treatment withdrawal. These observations suggest that continued intervention may be required to alter the progressive β-cell dysfunction in IGT or early type 2 diabetes.
Statistical Analysis of Epidemiologic Data of Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: William J. Butler, Lorrie A. Kalasinski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

In this paper, a generalized logistic regression model for correlated observations is used to analyze epidemiologic data on the frequency of spontaneous abortion among a group of women office workers. The results are compared to those obtained from the use of the standard logistic regression model that assumes statistical independence among all the pregnancies contributed by one woman. In this example, the correlation among pregnancies from the same woman is fairly small and did not have a substantial impact on the magnitude of estimates of parameters of the model. This is due at least partly to the small average number of pregnancies contributed by each woman.
“Found: A One Day Cure for Syphilis”
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal