tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Service on Ships.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Announcement:</i>Sleep Awareness Week — March 6–12, 2016
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Sleep Awareness Week, the National Sleep Foundation's annual campaign to educate the public about the importance of sleep in health and safety, will be observed March 6-12, 2016. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society recommend that adults aged 18-60 years sleep ≥7 hours each night to promote optimal health and well-being. However, 35% of U.S. adults report typically sleeping <7 hours Adults who do not get enough sleep on a regular basis are more likely to suffer from chronic conditions, such as obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, and poor mental health.
Forgotten bradykinin?
Authors: R W Griffiths
Journal: BMJ (1972)

dhree to five months later showed that only one child had remained faintly Schick- positive.As the tetanus used in the D.T.P. was a toxoid one would expect the jet injection of this to be satisfactory.It may appear that I am suggesting that two intradermal doses of 01 ml of diphtheria would be adequate, but this is not neces- sarily true.Until 1962 it was generally accepted that the Schick test dose of toxin of 1/50 guinea-pig minimum lethal dose was far too minute to function as a primary stimulus.L. B. Holt and I investigated this2 and showed conclusively that the test was capable of exercising a primary stimulus.In retrospect, therefore, my series should be regarded as a three dose method.At the time I did my work, even Wellcome A.P.T. was not much purified, and local reactions and tiny intradermal abcesses made me conclude that the method was un- suitable in practice.It is nice to know that modem highly purified toxoids can be satis- factorily administered intradermally.-Iam, etc.,
Estimated Changes in Human Exposure to Suspended Sulfate Attributable to Equipping Light-Duty Motor Vehicles with Oxidation Catalysts
Authors: John F. Finklea, John Moran, John H. Knelson, D. B. Turner, L. E. Niemeyer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

The potential environmental impact of equipping vehicles with oxidation catalysts is estimated. Three independent techniques are used to appraise community exposures. Incremental increases in suspended sulfates and sulfuric acid aerosols are evaluated in terms of the number of vehicles equipped with oxidation catalysts.
Evaluation of page-b and modified page-b scores to guide hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in chronic hepatitis B patients on antiviral therapy - a territory-wide study of 32,150 subjects
Authors: Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Yee-Kit Tse, Yan Lilian Liang, Vicki Wing-Ki Hui, Hye Won Lee, Henry Chan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Long term effects of non-invasive mechanical ventilation on pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with chronic respiratory failure
Authors: B Schönhofer, T Barchfeld, M Wenzel, D Köhler
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND It is not known whether long term nocturnal mechanical ventilation (NMV) reduces pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF). METHODS Pulmonary haemodynamics, spirometric values, and gas exchange were studied in 33 patients requiring NMV due to CRF (20 with thoracic restriction, 13 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) at baseline and after 1 year of NMV given in the volume cycled mode. Patients with COPD also received supplemental oxygen. RESULTS Long term NMV improved gas exchange while lung function remained unchanged. Mean pulmonary artery pressure at rest before NMV was higher in patients with thoracic restriction than in those with COPD (33 (10) mm Hg v 25 (6) mm Hg). After 1 year of NMV mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased in patients with thoracic restriction to 25 (6) mm Hg (mean change –8.5 mm Hg (95% CI –12.6 to –4.3), p&lt;0.01) but did not change significantly in patients with COPD (mean change 2.2 mm Hg (95% CI –0.3 to 4.8)). CONCLUSIONS Long term NMV in CRF improves pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with thoracic restriction but not in patients with COPD.
Abstract P124: Leisure Time Physical Activity and Cardio-metabolic Health: Results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Xiaochen Lin, Sheila Alvim, Isabela M Bensenor, Eduardo J Simoes, Paulo A Lotufo, Simin Liu
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Context: Physical inactivity and cardio-metabolic diseases are increasingly prevalent in Brazil, and preventive guidelines are urgently needed for physical activity (PA) promotion in Brazilian populations. Objective: To investigate the association between leisure time PA and cardio-metabolic health in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from 11,547 women and men aged 35-74 free of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the ELSA-Brasil. Data on PA was obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Physical activity status was defined according to the American Heart Association’s recommendation (at least 150 minutes/ week moderate activities or 75 minutes/week vigorous activities). Multivariable linear/logistic regression models were used to examine the sex-specific associations of leisure time PA with intermediate cardio-metabolic markers (systolic/dialectic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), heart frequency, and Framingham Risk Scores) and cardio-metabolic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, and predicted 10-year risk of CVD). We also conducted two sets of sensitivity analyses using 1) an alternative definition of PA (PA-related energy expenditure ≥ 1000 kilocalories/week) and 2) additional adjustment for education and income. Results: In total, 1,183 women and 1,387 men were classified as active. After taking into account multiple covariates, the favorable effects of leisure time PA on cardio-metabolic parameters were evident for both women and men (Table) . These associations did not change appreciably when the alternative definition of PA was used or additional socioeconomic variables were taken into account. Conclusion: We observed significant beneficial effects of leisure time PA on cardio-metabolic health in this large Brazilian population that are consistent with studies in high-income countries of North America and Europe.
Error in Short Title and Table
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2020)

Karina Marshall-Goebel, PhD; Steven S. Laurie, PhD; Irina V. Alferova, MD, PhD; Philippe Arbeille, MD, PhD; Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor, MD; Douglas J. Ebert, PhD; Stuart M. C. Lee, PhD; Brandon R. Macias, PhD; David S. Martin, MS; James M. Pattarini, MD; Robert Ploutz-Snyder, PhD; L. Christine Ribeiro, JD; William J. Tarver, MD; Scott A. Dulchavsky, MD; Alan R. Hargens, PhD; Michael B. Stenger, PhD
POLLUTION OF NAVIGABLE STREAMS.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Catch-up growth in childhood is linked with increased risk of coronary heart disease
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Adverse prenatal and perinatal factors are associated with schizophrenia of early onsetIn order to investigate the role of prenatal and perinatal risk factors in the development of schizophrenia and affective and reactive psychosis in early adult life, Hultman et al (p 421) carried out three population based, case-control studies using the Swedish birth and inpatient registries.Adverse prenatal and perinatal factors were more common in patients with schizophrenia than in controls and seemed more important in the aetiology of early onset schizophrenia than in affective and reactive psychosis.Multiparity, bleeding during pregnancy, and small size for gestational age were associated with a threefold to fourfold increased risk for schizophrenia among males.The authors conclude that the mechanism underlying the increased risk remains unknown but ischaemic brain damage secondary to placental insufficiency is one possibility.
Endothelin stimulates platelet-activating factor synthesis by cultured rat Kupffer cells
Authors: Shamimunisa B. Mustafa, Chandrashekhar R. Gandhi, Stephen A. K. Harvey, Merle S. Olson
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Endothelins are potent peptide mediators that elicit glycogenolytic and vasoconstrictor actions in the liver. Endothelins were found to stimulate the synthesis and release of the lipid mediator platelet-activating factor in cultured rat Kupffer cells. Endothelin-mediated synthesis of platelet-activating factor required extracellular calcium in that the calcium chelator, EGTA and nifedipine, a calcium ion channel blocker, inhibited platelet-activating factor synthesis. The phospholipase A 2 inhibitor, 4-bromophenacyl bromide, strongly inhibited endothelin-induced platelet activating factor synthesis. Endothelin-stimulated platelet activating factor synthesis was inhibited after treatment of Kupffer cells with cholera toxin, whereas pertussis toxin inhibited only this response to endothelin-1. Agents that elevate intracellular cyclin AMP levels were found to inhibit endothelin-induced platelet-activating factor synthesis in Kupffer cells. Staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor minimized endothelin-induced platelet-activating factor synthesis but phorbol myristate acetate, an activator of protein kinase C, did not affect endothelin-induced platelet activating factor synthesis. Thus, the current study demonstrates that activation of an endothelin receptor in cultured rat Kupffer cells results in the synthesis and release of platelet-activating factor. The importance of endothelin-mediated platelet-activating factor synthesis relates to the mechanism of intercellular signaling occurring between endothelial cells (i.e., the site of endothelin synthesis) and Kupffer cells (i.e., the site of formation of secondary mediators such as platelet-activating factor and eicosanoids) within the rat liver exposed to various types of pathophysiological episodes. (Hepatology 1995;21:545-553.)
LAW &amp;amp; MEDICINE
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ophthalmology
Authors: Thomas A. Deutsch
Journal: JAMA (1989)

As in most specialties, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has changed ophthalmic practices and has begun to dominate our literature. Over the past few years, we have developed both an understanding of the natural history of the ocular complications of AIDS as well as some approaches to management of these problems. The ocular findings in AIDS take many forms. The most common will be reviewed here. Kaposi's sarcoma, a previously rare ocular finding, can develop at any time during the course of a patient's illness. These bluish or red lesions occur on the eyelid or conjunctiva. When found on the conjunctiva they often resemble subconjunctival hemorrhages, and indeed some of them do have a hemorrhagic component. When the tumors cause pressure on the eye or interfere with eyelid closure, radiation therapy is helpful in reducing their size. Cotton-wool spots are present in more than two thirds of patients during the
Indigestion. An Introduction of the Study of Diseases of the Stomach.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Monoacylglycerol lipase reprograms lipid metabolism in macrophages and hepatocytes to promote liver regeneration
Authors: Manon Allaire, Matthieu Siebert, Rola Al-Sayegh, Morgane Mabire, JingHong Wan, Benjamin Morin, Maude Le Gall, Sophie Lotersztajn, Hélène Gilgenkrantz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
A Phase II Trial of CHOP Chemotherapy Followed by Yttrium 90 (90Y) Ibritumomab Tiuxetan (Zevalin) for Previously Untreated Elderly Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Patients.
Authors: Pier Luigi Zinzani, Monica Tani, Vittorio Stefoni, Lapo Alinari, Enrica Marchi, Mariapaola Fina, Michele Baccarani
Journal: Blood (2005)
Involvement of Free Radicals in the Mechanism of 3-Methylindole-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity: An Example of Metabolic Activation in Chemically Induced Lung Disease
Authors: Tammy M. Bray, Stan Kubow
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

3-Methylindole (3-MI) is a metabolite of tryptophan which causes acute pulmonary edema and emphysema in ruminants when administered orally or intravenously. 3-MI is metabolized by mixed-function oxidases to a reactive intermediate which may play a role in 3-MI-induced pneumotoxicity. Electron spin-trapping techniques have been used to investigate the in vitro and in vivo formation of free radicals during 3-MI metabolism by goat lung. A nitrogen-centered free radical of 3-MI has been generated from 3-MI in goat lung microsomal incubations. Although a nitrogen-centered free radical can be generated chemically from most of the indolic compounds, only the 3-MI free radical can be generated enzymatically. The formation of the nitrogen-centered 3-MI free radical was followed by the appearance of a carbon-centered lipid radical in microsomal preparations. The findings that an identical carbon-centered free radical was generated by FeSo4 in the microsomal system in the absence of 3-MI and that malonaldehyde formation is stimulated by 3-MI in microsomes led to the conclusion that 3-MI metabolism induces lipid peroxidation of microsomal membranes. The formation of 3-MI-induced lipid radicals was inhibited by vitamin E and glutathione. A carbon-centered radical was spin trapped in vivo in the lungs of goats infused with 3-MI. This radical had the same splitting constants as the carbon-centered lipid radical trapped in microsomal incubations containing 3-MI. This finding indicates that the metabolism of 3-MI in goat lung in vivo generates a lipid radical.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
NATALITY IN FRANCE IN 1890.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Defining ischaemia
Authors: N. Sperelakis
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The findings of this meta-analysis (that benefit accrues from regimens containing cisplatin, while alkylating agents produce adverse effects) suggest that further benefits may emerge from continued studies of newer, even more active agents but that care must be used in selecting these drugs.Hopefully, this publication will stimulate further random- ised controlled trials of promising new drugs.These include taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel), camptothecins (topotecan and CPT-I 1), new antimetabolites (such as gemcitabine and difluorodeoxycytidine), and antitubulin agents (vino- relbine).We also need studies to determine whether particular molecular characteristics of tumours identify subsets of patients likely to benefit from chemotherapy.The applicability of these findings to current clinical practice outside the context of clinical protocols is less clear.In certain categories of patients, off protocol treatment can clearly be supported by the data presented, particularly when chemotherapy is used in combination with radical radiotherapy for locally advanced disease-this study shows highly significant differences in overall survival at both two and five years.The larger reduction in risk and the high level of significance in the patients with advanced disease is provocative, but the relatively small absolute additional survival provided by chemotherapy tempers our enthusiasm for treating these patients with chemotherapy.Such treatment should be limited to motivated patients with good performance status, who not only understand the risks and benefits associated with treatment but also have disease that can be readily evaluated.Treatment can therefore be stopped quickly if it proves ineffective.For patients with early disease treated surgically the evidence does not suggest that postoperative chemotherapy alone can be recommended.Exciting new data on preoperative ("neoadjuvant") chemotherapy suggest a possible way forward.78
Jaundice in the newborn. Algorithmic diagnosis of conjugated and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: M. M. Thaler
Journal: JAMA (1977)

JAUNDICE in the newborn and young infant differs in several important respects from jaundice in older patients. First, almost uniquely in the newborn, bilirubin may be a cause of disease as well as its consequence. The potential toxicity of the unconjugated pigment lends urgency to diagnostic deliberations. Second, the first two months after birth are a period of continuous maturational and adaptive change, which alters the character and manifestations of disease processes. Third, many inherited disorders manifest themselves during the newborn period. It is important to measure without delay the severity of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in newborns, since high concentrations of the unconjugated pigment may cause brain damage. The causes of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia should also be investigated promptly, but do not usually constitute emergencies. Studies have been made of bilirubin metabolism,<sup>1</sup>causes of unconjugated neonatal bilirubinemia (physiologic, hemolytic, and hereditary),<sup>2</sup>and conditions associated with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (cholestatic jaundice) in
Fluoridation: Its Moral and Political Aspects: A New and Comprehensive Study
Authors: William B. Bean
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The Pied Piper of Hamlin, the dancing mania, certain elements of the Crusades, religious wars, the burning of witches, tortures for heresy, and the self-mutilations of Corybantian orgies are somber historic illustrations that "The capacity of the human mind to deceive itself knows no limits." As a minor league or perhaps bush league example of a latter day instance of such tortured confusions and misconceptions the future may well look back on the paranoia provoked by such a simple problem as prophylactic fluoridation to reduce the incidence of dental caries. Exner, aided and abetted by the greater New York Committee Opposed to Fluoridation, symbolizes the testimonial approach which the most convinced zealot may mistake for evidence. This tract illustrates once more that freedom to criticize does not imply license and that righteous indignation, no matter how devout, does not establish accuracy or raise up the light of truth.