tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE HOSPITAL AND THE SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATION OF PATIENTS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The accuracy of experienced physicians' probability estimates for patients with sore throats. Implications for decision making
Authors: R. M. Poses
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Ten physicians recorded their treatment decisions and estimated probabilities of streptococcal infection for patients with sore throats. Of 308 throat cultures, 15 (4.9%) were positive for group A streptococci. The physicians overestimated the probability of a positive culture for 81% of their patients and their estimates and treatment decisions were strongly associated. Of 104 patients treated before culture results were available, only eight had positive cultures. Probability overestimation may have been due to (1) neglect of the low culture-positive rate, (2) assignment of undue importance to weakly predictive or highly intercorrelated clinical features, and (3) a value-induced bias, occurring when features important for treatment are erroneously linked to the likelihood of disease. Cognitive limitations in information processing may limit the effectiveness of pharyngitis management protocols that require subjective estimates of disease probability. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:925-929)
P297 Lung-function profile before and after the first moderate to severe exacerbation during the wisdom study
Journal: Thorax (2016)

AbstractE Wouters, outside of the submitted work, reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Takeda, Pfizer and Boehringer Ingelheim, and grants from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline and Novartis.H Magnussen received funding from Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Takeda and Roche to conduct clinical studies, and has spoken at meetings and is a member of advisory boards for these and other companies.R Rodriguez-Roisin reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Mylan, Pearl Therapeutics, Takeda, Teva and Ferrer, and grants and personal fees from Menarini and Almirall.K Tetzlaff and S Bell are employees of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG. PMAC reports financial support in the form of a grant from Boehringer Ingelheim to conduct the study and, outside of the submitted work, reports personal fees from GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Takeda and Boehringer Ingelheim, and grants from GlaxoSmithKline and Takeda.
Epithelial hypoxia-inducible factor-1 is protective in murine experimental colitis
Authors: Jörn Karhausen, Glenn T. Furuta, John E. Tomaszewski, Randall S. Johnson, Sean P. Colgan, Volker H. Haase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Mucosal epithelial cells are uniquely equipped to maintain barrier function even under adverse conditions. Previous studies have implicated hypoxia in mucosal tissue damage resulting from both acute and chronic inflammation. Given the importance of the transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) for adaptive hypoxia responses, we hypothesized that HIF-1 may serve as a barrier-protective element during mucosal inflammation. Initial studies of hapten-based murine colitis revealed extensive mucosal hypoxia and concomitant HIF-1 activation during colitis. To study this in more detail, we generated 2 mouse lines with intestinal epithelium–targeted expression of either mutant Hif1a (inability to form HIF-1) or mutant von Hippel-Lindau gene (Vhlh; constitutively active HIF-1). Studies of colitis in these mice revealed that decreased HIF-1 expression correlated with more severe clinical symptoms (mortality, weight loss, colon length), while increased HIF levels were protective in these parameters. Furthermore, colons with constitutive activation of HIF displayed increased expression levels of HIF-1–regulated barrier-protective genes (multidrug resistance gene-1, intestinal trefoil factor, CD73), resulting in attenuated loss of barrier during colitis in vivo. Taken together, these studies provide insight into tissue microenvironmental changes during model inflammatory bowel disease and identify HIF-1 as a critical factor for barrier protection during mucosal insult.
Pulse
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ELECTRODIAGNOSIS IN FACIAL PARALYSIS
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial Board
Authors: Francesco Montorsi, James Catto, Alexander Mottrie, Belgium Digital, Alexander Kutikov, Andrew Vickers, Fritz Schröder, Oliver Hakenberg, Cathy Pierce, Leila Ayandi, Samantha Enslen Dragonfl Y Editorial, Stephen Boorjian, Matthew Cooperberg, Jean-Nicolas Cornu, France Anthony, D Amico, Peter Albers, Peter Albertsen, Jelle Barentsz, Anders Bjartell, Sweden Bolla, France Chapple, Noel Clarke, Firouz Daneshgari, James Eastham, Shin Egawa, Japan Eggener, Mark Emberton, Jonathan Epstein, Stephen Freedland, Matthew Galsky, Matthew Gettman, Inderbir Gill, Markus Graefen, Axel Germany, Brent Germany, Brant Hollenbeck, Pierre Inman, Canada Karakiewicz, Adam Kavoussi, Yair Kibel, Kevin Mcvary, Mani Menon, Andrew Stephenson, Christian Stief, Tullio Germany, Michael Zelefsky
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Cardiovascular effects of levodopa
Authors: L. I. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The cardiovascular side effects of levodopa are potentially dangerous. It is important, therefore, that physicians understand the mechanisms involved in their production so that if treatment is indicated, a rational approach may be instituted. Investigations in the dog have shown that the acute cardiovascular actions of levodopa are primarily due to dopamine which is released into the circulation by decarboxylation of the amino acid.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Cardiovascular Actions of Dopamine</h3> The actions of dopamine are complex because the amine acts on three different receptors: β-adrenergic receptors to stimulate the heart,<sup>2</sup>α-adrenergic receptors to cause vasoconstriction,<sup>2,3</sup>and dopaminergic receptors to cause renal<sup>3,4</sup>and mesenteric<sup>5</sup>vasodilation (Fig 1). When dopamine hydrochloride is infused intravenously at rates of 2.6μg to 7.1μg/kg/min to normal subjects, cardiac output increases, heart rate is not significantly altered, total peripheral resistance decreases, and renal blood flow and sodium excretion increase.<sup>4</sup>When higher rates of infusion
PROTECTIVE INOCULATIONS FOR TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Pathology of Influenza.
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chlamydia and cervical smear testing.
Journal: BMJ (1991)

who will have a poor outcome remains problematic before discharge.For audit and training there is a strong point to be made in favour of follow up as transurethral resection of the prostate is not free from complica- tions.4Twenty three per cent of men visit their general practitioner for complications, 33% pass clots, 10% develop temporary clot retention, and 4% have defects in urinary continence where none was present before operation.It was perhaps telling that 54% of men in the study reported by Lynch and colleagues consulted their general practitioner-a rate double that usually recorded.Not all men who are unsatisfied are referred back to hospital, as shown by a rate of poor outcome in prospective studies of 20% to 25 %5-higher than in retrospective studies, in which the definition of poor outcome depends on rereferral.A routine follow up at six or eight weeks will allow most men to be discharged; the remainder with a poor outcome, prostatic cancer, or persistent impair- ment of bladder emptying may require further investigation and follow up.Follow up is not an unacceptable burden but an important part of training and audit.
Holy Man and His Disease
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulsus paradoxus
Authors: Olfa Hamzaoui, Xavier Monnet, Jean-Louis Teboul
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Systolic blood pressure normally falls during quiet inspiration in normal individuals. Pulsus paradoxus is defined as a fall of systolic blood pressure of &gt;10 mmHg during the inspiratory phase. Pulsus paradoxus can be observed in cardiac tamponade and in conditions where intrathoracic pressure swings are exaggerated or the right ventricle is distended, such as severe acute asthma or exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Both the inspiratory decrease in left ventricular stroke volume and the passive transmission to the arterial tree of the inspiratory decrease in intrathoracic pressure contribute to the occurrence of pulsus paradoxus. During cardiac tamponade and acute asthma, biventricular interdependence (series and parallel) plays an important role in the inspiratory decrease in left ventricular stroke volume. Early recognition of pulsus paradoxus in the emergency room can help to diagnose rapidly cardiac tamponade. Measurement of pulsus paradoxus is also useful to assess the severity of acute asthma as well as its response to therapy. Recent development of noninvasive devices capable of automatic calculation and display of arterial pressure variation or derived indices should help improve the assessment of pulsus paradoxus at the bedside.
Experiences with Telecobalt Therapy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastric Tuberculosis
Authors: B. I. Chazan, J. D. Aitchison
Journal: BMJ (1960)

DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA Case B.-Boy now aged 11.Facial diplegia; weak masseters, temporal muscles, and sternomastoids; wasted tongue.Generalized poor muscular development, but not a floppy infant and milestones of development normal.Case C.-Boy now aged 7. Facial diplegia, bilateral external rectus paralysis, poor palate movement, fibrillating tongue.Unilateral talipes, with wasting of muscles of anterior compartment of lower leg and some shortening of limb.Normal electromyogram and intensity duration curves of facial, lingual, and limb muscles.Not a floppy infant.Development delayed though he has shown steady improvement.Case D.-Girl now aged 8. Facial diplegia, palatal paresis.Father has facies of dystrophia myotonica and myotonic reaction over thenar muscles.APPENDIX lI.CONGENITAL FACIAL DIPLEGIA WITH BENIGN CONGENITAL HYPOTONIA Case E.--Girl now aged 5. Facial diplegia, poor palate movement, bilateral talipes, delayed milestones with universal hypotonia and absent reflexes.Case F.-Boy now aged 5. Facial diplegia, poorly developed sternomastoids, absent clavicular heads of pectoralis major, delayed milestones with universal hypo- tonia and absent reflexes.Case G.-Girl now aged 11.Facial diplegia, delayed milestones with universal hypotonia and sluggish reflexes.
Abstract 5416: Ablation of TRPV1 Exacerbates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Beihua Zhong, Jack Rubinstein, Donna H Wang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background We have recently shown that the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), a ligand-gated cation channel expressed in sensory nerves innervating the heart, plays an important role in protecting the heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the role of TRPV1 in pressure overload-induced hypertrophy of the heart is unknown. Objective - This study tests the hypothesis that TRPV1 protects the heart from pressure overload-induced hypertrophy and functional deterioration using gene-targeted TRPV1-null mutant (TRPV1 −/− ) or wild-type (WT) mice. Methods and Results Four weeks after transverse aortic constriction ( TAC ) in TRPV1 −/− and WT mice, echo cardiography demonstrated that cardiac fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) were suppressed in a greater extent in TRPV1 −/− than WT mice (FS: 14 ± 3% in TRPV1 −/− vs. 18 ± 2% in WT mice, P &lt;0.05; EF: 34 ± 6% in TRPV1 −/− vs. 43 ± 3% mice, P &lt;0.05), while there was no difference in FS and EF in TRPV1 −/− and WT sham-operated mice. The ratio of heart weight to body weight (mg/g) was greater in TRPV1 −/− than in WT mice (7.39±1.34 in TRPV1 −/− vs. 6.26±1.07 in WT mice, P &lt;0.05), and the increase in heart weigh was accompanied by an increase in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas in TRPV1 −/− compared to WT mice (248±8.2 in TRPV1 −/− vs 224±8.7 in WT μm 2 , P &lt;0.05). Immunohistochemistry study showed enhanced cellular infiltration and fibrosis in TRPV1 −/− compared to WT mice. Consistently, hydroxyproline assay showed that the collagen level was higher in TRPV1 −/− than WT mice (1.7±0.3 in TRPV1 −/− vs 1.3±0.4 μg/mg dry tissue in WT, P &lt;0.05), and ELISA assay showed that interleukin-6 levels were higher in TRPV1 −/− than in WT mice (14.2±4.6 in TRPV1 −/− vs. 10.6±2.6 pg/mg protein in WT, P &lt;0.05). Conclusions These data show that ablation of TRPV1 results in exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction induced by pressure overload, which may result from enhanced inflammatory responses in the absence of TRPV1.
Screening Tests for Bacteriuria
Authors: T. G. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An evaluation of numerous reported studies indicated that the most useful screening tests for significant bacteriuria appear to be a nitrite test (modified by adding nitrate and incubating at 37 C), the triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) test, and microscopic examination for bacteria. A study of 1,151 urine specimens submitted for routine culture showed that microscopic examination of the centrifuged deposit for organisms or pus cells, or both, was a more sensitive test for significant bacteriuria than the modified nitrite test. Microscopic examination detected 98% of 175 urine specimens with significant gram negative bacilluria, and 17 of 20 with significant numbers of gram positive cocci. The false positive rate was 13%. Microscopy may be better than the chemical screening tests in the selection of urine specimens for cultural examination.
Biological weapons proliferation arouses United States and international concern
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1989)

BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS are being much discussed in Congress these days, as well as around the world, and the US House of Representatives in particular has been considering two related resolutions. Representative Wayne Owens (D-Utah) is the sponsor of both the recently reintroduced resolutions. (More detailed discussions are found elsewhere in this issue.) <h3>Recent Days' Debate</h3> One, which has been under study by the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, would require that "all federal research, development, testing, and evaluation of the medical aspects of the use of biological agents in the development of defenses against biological warfare" be conducted through the National Institutes of Health, whose main campus is in Bethesda, Md. The other, in its original form, would have required the Secretary of Defense to publish annually in the<i>Federal Register</i>the biological agents being used in defense research. Members of the Committee on Armed Services changed that requirement