tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Epidemiologic Necropsy for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm-Reply
Authors: Michael J. McFarlane
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I would like to thank Dr Wright for sharing his data. His incredulity with respect to the epidemiologic necropsy is understandable. It often strikes people as being counterintuitive that necropsy data could be useful for epidemiologic purposes. With appropriate methodological safeguards to minimize sources of bias, however, the epidemiologic necropsy is proving to be a very useful technique. Thus, instead of refuting the results of the KUMC study, the results from the Broward County Medical Examiner's Office support the epidemiologic necropsy. In discussions with my colleagues in both Cleveland, Ohio, and New Haven, Conn, we have considered the use of the coroner's population as a good test of the technique. Since the majority of these individuals come to necropsy without knowledge of a given disease, they would serve as an excellent population in which to test the epidemiologic necropsy. When appropriate adjustments for age, gender, and race are
Guidelines for the determination of death. Report of the medical consultants on the diagnosis of death to the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This report represents a consensus of the individual physicians who served as consultants to the President's Commission; it has not been passed on by the Commission. It provides a statement of currently accepted medical criteria that could be used in implementing the proposed Uniform Determination of Death Act. The criteria are designed to help a physician determine if death has occurred, with no error in classifying a living individual as dead and with as few errors as possible in classifying a dead body as alive.
Letter Reminders
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carbohydrate and oxygen metabolism during hepatocellular proliferation: A study in perfused livers from mirex-treated rats
Authors: J Yarbrough
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy is accompanied by altered hepatic intermediary metabolism. Because the organochlorine compound mirex also causes liver cell growth, the purpose of this study was to investigate hepatic carbohydrate and oxygen metabolism in perfused livers from mirex-treated rats and to localize cell proliferation in this model. Pretreatment with mirex (100 mg/kg, intragastrically) increased liver/body weight ratios and DNA synthesis in livers of fed rats, effects that were markedly diminished in livers of fasted rats. This finding shows that liver growth caused by mirex, as is the case after partial hepatectomy, is hindered when animals are deprived of food. Furthermore, perfused livers from mirex-treated rats had depleted glycogen stores but significantly elevated oxygen uptake compared with livers from control rats. Increases in oxygen uptake and hepatocellular proliferation were observed mostly in periportal regions of the liver lobule. In regenerating livers, most DNA synthesis was reported to also occur in these regions of the liver lobule. Taken together, these data show that liver cell growth caused by mirex is accompanied by changes in hepatic intermediary metabolism and sublobular proliferation similar to those observed after partial hepatectomy.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: I. TANNOCK
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Guidelines for Clinical Trials in Cancer. R. J. Fisher, A. S. Coates, J. H. Colebatch, eds. Sydney, Australia: Clinical Oncological Society of Australia Inc., 1987, 124 pp. Approximately $7.00. IAN TANNOCK IAN TANNOCK Princess Margaret Hospital500 Sherbourne St. Toronto, Ontario M4X 1K9, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 14, 21 September 1988, Pages 1168–1169, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.14.1168-a Published: 21 September 1988
Environmental Ethics
Authors: Jacob J. Steinberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) held the first meeting on environmental ethics sponsored by the Scientific Advisory Panel and Board on 10-11 December 1998 in Arlington, Virginia (1). The report from the meeting will more completely inform scientists and the community of current issues. This editorial should serve as an initial brief of this meeting [which was held on the fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Human Rights (adopted by the United Nations on 10 December 1948)].
Opiate antagonists and thyrotropin-releasing hormone. I. Potential role in the treatment of shock
Authors: A. I. Faden
Journal: JAMA (1984)

DURING the past decade, a large number of peptides have been found in the brain and spinal cord. These neuropeptides appear to act as transmitters or modulators and, in many cases, have been found to be colocalized in synaptic terminals with "classic" neurotransmitters. More specific physiological and pathophysiological roles for these substances have been suggested, ie, endogenous opioids (endorphins) in pain transmission and autonomic regulation. In 1978, J. W. Holaday and I proposed that endorphins were major factors contributing to the pathophysiology of shock and subsequently demonstrated that administration of opiate receptor antagonists, like naloxone hydrochloride, significantly improved physiological variables and survival in a variety of experimental shock models.<sup>1-3</sup>In 1981, we showed that large pharmacologic doses of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), possibly by acting as a "physiological" antagonist of endorphin systems, also significantly improved cardiovascular function and survival in experimental shock.<sup>4</sup>Since these initial reports, a large body of
Expression of regeneration and tolerance factor on B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias: A possible mechanism for escaping immune surveillance
Authors: Cheryl J. Aslakson, Gerald Lee, Jonathan S. Boomer, Alice Gilman‐Sachs, Omer Kucuk, Kenneth D. Beaman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Regeneration and tolerance factor (RTF) is a protein expressed on developing tissue such as the thymus and the placenta. RTF has been reported to down-regulate cell-mediated immune responses. To examine the potential role of tumor-derived RTF to suppressing antitumor responses, we analyzed a panel of seven B cell tumor lines for the membrane RTF using a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated monoclonal antibody, which reacts with membrane RTF. All the B cell tumor lines we examined express RTF on the cell surface. We also tested conditioned media from these B cell lines for their ability to suppress IL-2R expression on activated cells. Conditioned media from each B cell line suppressed IL-2R expression on activated Jurkat T cells and activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A monoclonal antibody to the biologically active portion of RTF reversed this suppressive activity. Finally, the tumor cell population from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia was found to express cell surface RTF. Thus, RTF expression could be a new mechanism used by tumor cells to escape immune surveillance. Am. J. Hematol. 61:46–52, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Importance of Bronchial and Bronchiolar Physiology and Pathophysiologic Changes in the Management of Chest Injuries
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Organization of hospital departments of inhalation therapy
Authors: W. A. Yorzyk
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A survey of eight hospitals with functioning departments of inhalation therapy and a review of pertinent literature showed that basic fundamentals relating to the organization and administration of an inhalation therapy department in a general hospital include justification, organization, location and design, personnel, equipment, and records. It is recommended that the physician who contemplates the organization of a new department of inhalation therapy survey existing services in other hospitals and correlate his observations with the fundamentals presented here.
International Comments
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Observations upon Bulam, Vomito-Negro, or Yellow Fever, with a Review of 'A Report upon the Diseases of the African Coast, by Sir William Burnett and Dr. Bryson,' proving its highly Contagious Powers
Journal: BMJ (1849)

It is quite unnecessary to say, that we regret to see the present work published by Sir William Pym; for it is certain, that the author himself, instead of publishing it reluctantly, or with any feeling of sorrow, really regards it as a sort of triumph, on the one hand, to proclaim his opinions, and a duty, on the other, to impress upon the medical officers of the navy, and probably those of the army also, the opinions which he entertains.Certain we are, however, that the appearance of this performance will add nothing to the well-established reputation of the author.All the opin^ ions of Sir William Pym upon the subject of yellow fever have been stereotyped for the last thirty-five years.He has made in them no change, no modification, no rectification.He stands very much in the position of a solitary monument, the great type of contagion, when all his contemporaries, supporters, and abet- tors have been swept away, amidst the flux and reflux of the great tide of public opinion., It would be very unprofitable, if not flat and stale, were we to attempt even to reproduce in these pages all the old opinions upon contagion, which first gave celebrity to the name of Sir William Pym.The old story, one hundred times refuted, of Bulam Fever, the importation of Bulam Fever, as if it were an article of export and import, to the West India Islands, to Great Britain per- chance, certainly to Spain, France, and many other countries; the highly contagious nature of Yellow Fever, and the great pe- culiarities of infection and contagion ;?these are the leading topics of the present volume.To throw a new light upon these sub- jects, treated in the manner in which they are discussed by the author, would exceed the powers of inspiration itself.Our
Models and mathematics. Tools of the mathematical biologist
Authors: J. T. Apter
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Scientific investigation is a particular search for a comprehensive view of nature; it is, in effect, a matter of proposing questions concerning phenomena and then searching for the answers in a systematic manner. An important aspect of this investigation, therefore, is the separation of the currently answerable from the unanswerable questions. The scientist must be able to discard those problems whose investigation would be abortive due to lack of background data. It may not be time, for example, to ask why electrons and photons act like particles as well as like waves and expect an answer; theoretical physics has not yet advanced this far. On the other hand, it is possible to ask whether a wave-like property could explain why a particle electron is restricted to certain orbits as it spins around the nucleus of an atom.<sup>1</sup>It may not be time to ask why retinal rods are shaped
Training resource document for curriculum development in medical oncology. Adopted on February 20, 1997 by the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE: Medical oncology is a rapidly growing profession, not only in its membership, but in its knowledge-base as well. In order to keep pace with the changing profile of health care delivery and still ensure uniform quality subspecialty training, a template for education is needed. DESIGN AND RESULTS: An Ad Hoc Committee was created from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) membership. Goals of training were discussed and curriculum guidelines were created. To gain special expertise in medical oncology, the curriculum emphasizes formal instruction in the following: (1) the treatment of individual malignancies, with an emphasis on a coordinated multidisciplinary approach; (2) a clinical experience that emphasizes patient management in both the inpatient and outpatient settings; (3) the ability to perform specified procedures; and (4) the key tools in basic science that apply to patient management. This document should be considered the educational frame work around which a curriculum is developed.
Hepatic activity and mRNA expression of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes in alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver disease
Authors: Stanislas Pol, Bertrand Nalpas, Anne Vassault, Bernadette Bousquet-Lemercier, Dominique Franco, Bernard Lacour, Pierre Berthelot, Jacques Hanoune, Robert Barouki
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

In liver and serum, AST activity is dependent on two isoenzymes, which are mitochondrial and cytosolic in nature. In an attempt to explain the well-known increase of serum mitochondrial AST-to-total AST ratio in chronic alcoholism (which is due to a specific increase of the mitochondrial isoenzyme), we analyzed: (a) liver and serum AST, ALT and glutamate dehydrogenase activities in 23 active drinkers with minimal liver changes, 11 alcoholic patients with cirrhosis who had stopped drinking, 18 nonalcoholic patients with viral chronic hepatitis and 11 subjects with normal livers; and (b) the expression of messenger RNAs for AST isoenzymes in the corresponding liver samples. Enzymatic activities were decreased in the liver irrespective of the origin of the liver disease. In patients with viral chronic hepatitis (or in those with alcoholic cirrhosis when abstinent), variations in liver proteins and messenger RNAs paralleled significant decreases in mitochondrial AST, ALT and glutamate dehydrogenase and a nonsignificant decrease of cytosolic AST. In alcoholic patients with minimal liver changes, the significant decrease of hepatic cytosolic AST, ALT and glutamate dehydrogenase activities contrasted with a close-to-normal liver mitochondrial AST activity; the increased amounts of mitochondrial AST messenger RNA give evidence for a pretranslational mechanism of regulation, indicating a possible increase in the total production of mitochondrial AST in the liver. The decrease of hepatic cytosolic AST activity was statistically significant only in alcoholic patients without cirrhosis who had a normal cytosolic AST mRNA level, thus suggesting a contributory role of translational or posttranslational regulation. In conclusion, regulation of AST isozymes during liver disease is complex, including differential, pretranslational and translational or posttranslational mechanisms. (Hepatology 1991;14:620-625.)
Intra-mercurial Injections in Syphilis
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1903)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 15, Issue 8 p. 309-310 Intra-mercurial Injections in Syphilis* First published: August 1903 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1903.tb16517.x * Lévy-Bing, Paris. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume15, Issue8August 1903Pages 309-310 RelatedInformation
Quick-changing trypanosomes elude antibody
Authors: L. Wingerson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The parasites that cause African sleeping sickness survive by being capricious: In the course of a single infection, a population of<i>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense</i>or<i>rhodesiense</i>can change protein coats at least 100 times, thus always keeping ahead of the antibody response. Genetic research from the Netherlands suggests that this capacity, in an organism that causes such suffering in Africa, may be one of the most vivid examples in nature of the importance of movable genetic elements. The clinical implication is that it will not prove possible to prevent this disease by vaccination. By cloning individual trypanosomes in irradiated mice that had a delayed antibody response, George Cross, PhD, director, Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Rockefeller University, New York City, was able in 1975 to isolate a surface component of the trypanosome that antibodies recognized: a glycoprotein. However, antibodies are never able to eradicate the parasites completely, and the symptoms of
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: first 1000 cases at the London Stone Clinic.
Authors: M S Fletcher
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Making access to health care more equal SIR,-I have difficulty in understanding the costing in the paper by Messrs Gwyn Bevan and John Charlton (26 September, p 764).Table I refers to a mean expenditure by family practitioner com- mittees on medical services per head of £6.76 in 1980-1.In 1981 the gross expenditure on general medical services was £16 per head.'Over 90% would be revenue.Moreover, general medical practitioners incur a far greater expenditure from pharma- ceuticals-£23 per head.A fairer comparison of the contribution of the family practitioner committee budget to total medical expenditure would be £39 per head per year compared with £148 per head for hospital services.
Does Percent Body Fat Predict Outcome in Anorexia Nervosa?
Authors: Laurel Mayer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship of body composition and neuroendocrine levels with clinical outcome in women with anorexia nervosa in a relapse-prevention trial. Method: Body composition and fasting cortisol and leptin levels were assessed before random assignment in 32 weight-recovered subjects with anorexia nervosa from the New York site of the Fluoxetine to Prevent Relapse in Women With Anorexia Nervosa trial. Clinical outcome at the end of study participation was defined using modified Morgan-Russell criteria (full, good, fair, poor), then dichotomized into treatment "success" or "failure." Results: In a binary logistic regression model examining the effect of percent body fat, body mass index, anorexia nervosa subtype, waist-to-hip ratio, and serum cortisol and leptin levels on treatment outcome, only percent body fat was significantly associated with outcome. Conclusions: In recently weight-restored women with anorexia nervosa, lower percent body fat was associated with poor long-term outcome.
The Thalamus
Authors: Robert S. Schwab
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In reviewing this book one is compelled to compliment the editors, not only for this efficient task of securing the full manuscripts, with their illustrations and extensive discussion, but also for organizing these 22 technical papers in such a concise and integrated way. The book is truly international, since 12 of its contributors are from Europe and the Far East. The introductory paper by E. A. Walker of Johns Hopkins is a masterly summary of the complexity of this important basal structure. This chapter is written in such a way that the ordinary clinician, without much knowledge of neurophysiology, can read it through and understand it. The third chapter, by Papas from Columbia, with examples of electron microscopic studies of these complex circuits, would have to be read and reread several times by the ordinary physician before comprehension is achieved. The illustrations are of the highest quality. As one gets
Tobacco Excise Tax Is a Bonanza For California Research
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Tobacco Excise Tax Is a Bonanza For California Research Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 22, 21 November 1990, Page 1738, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.22.1738-a Published: 21 November 1990