tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
JAPAN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3728: Inverse effect of 28Si and 56Fe radiation on intestinal tumorigenesis vs. carcinogenesis in APC1638N/+ mice
Authors: Santosh Kumar, Shubhankar Suman, Bhaskar V.s. Kallakury, Bo-Hyun Moon, Albert J. Fornace, Kamal Datta
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Space radiation is a major risk factor for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer in astronauts and is a matter of concern. Earlier we have reported higher relative effects for intestinal tumorigenesis in APC1638N/+ mice after exposure to different heavy ion radiation spanning a range of LET values. The purpose of the current study was to histologically grade intestinal tumors into adenoma vs. adenocarcinoma and assess relative effects of different heavy ion radiation on tumorigenesis vs carcinogenesis. Tumors from male APC1638N/+ mice 150 d after exposure to whole-body sham, γ (0.3 keV/μm), 12C (13 keV/μm), 28Si (70 keV/μm), or 56Fe (148 keV/μm) radiation were harvested, fixed, paraffin embedded, and sectioned. Radiation doses were 0.1 Gy, 0.5 Gy and a equitoxic dose of 2.0 Gy γ-rays. H&amp;E stained tumor sections from at least 50 tumors per study group were used for histological grading into adenoma and adenocarcinoma. Hotspot mutations for p53 and Kras genes were assessed using targeted PCR followed by amplicon sequencing in 20 tumors per study group. Our previous published data showed that among the three LETs tested relative intestinal tumorigenic effects (relative to γ-rays) peaked at a LET of 70 keV/μm (28Si) with 13 keV/μm (12C) showing the least effect and 148 keV/μm (56Fe) showing an intermediate effect. In contrast, the current study demonstrates that the frequency of adenocarcinoma peaked after 56Fe with the least effect after 12C and an intermediate effect after 28Si. Relative to γ-rays, the carcinoma frequencies were 42.4+0.9, 13.2+0.61 and 8.0+1.14 higher after 56Fe at doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 Gy respectively. Whereas the relative carcinoma frequencies of 34.2+1.35, 14.0+0.95 and 9.0+2.25 were observed after 28Si at doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 Gy respectively. While Kras mutation analysis of tumors did not show any difference among radiation types, p53 mutation analysis demonstrate a higher number of mutations in exon 5 in 56Fe relative to 28Si samples. Collectively, our data show that while LET-dependent tumorigenic effects followed a parabolic shape, carcinogenic effects followed a more linear-like pattern with highest adenocarcinoma percentage and frequency at 148 keV/μm (56Fe). Although inverse effects of LET on tumorigenesis vs. carcinogenesis could in part be attributed to the beams’ differential physical properties, our mutation data on p53 supports differential effects of the beams on tumor suppressor mutation. Citation Format: Santosh Kumar, Shubhankar Suman, Bhaskar V.s. Kallakury, Bo-Hyun Moon, Albert J. Fornace, Kamal Datta. Inverse effect of 28Si and 56Fe radiation on intestinal tumorigenesis vs. carcinogenesis in APC1638N/+ mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3728.
Abstract 1605: Time-dependent maternal soybean genistein exposure leads to later-life breast cancer chemoprevention in mice
Authors: Yuanyuan Li, Min Chen, Shizhao Li, Trygve Tollefsbol
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of death among women in the United States. Studies have shown that both environmental and genetic factors contribute to breast cancer risk over women's lifespans. Early-life nutritional status has a significant impact on the uterine environment and subsequent fetal development, predisposing the developing fetus to certain diseases such as breast cancer in adult life. During these windows of susceptibility including maternal pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation periods, certain dietary exposure during these critical time periods may change breast cancer risk in an individual’s later life. Alterations of the maternal diet have been shown to induce modifications in the fetal epigenome. Nevertheless, the vulnerability to maternal nutrition status during the critical developmental stage provides an excellent opportunity to re-program epigenetic profiles that may lead to a beneficial outcome such as cancer prevention in the offspring. The bioactive dietary component, genistein (GE) enriched in soybean products, is an important epigenetic modulator that can prevent various cancers including breast cancer. Our study focuses on how maternal dietary soybean GE exposure during the specific time periods may prevent breast cancer in later-life and the potential mechanisms. In this study, we included multiple exposure time points of maternal GE diet (250 mg/kg) including prior-pregnancy (PP-GE), long-term (LT-GE) and short-term (ST-GE) exposures to further determine the efficacy of these strategies on transplacental chemoprevention of breast cancer in the progenies of two spontaneous breast cancer transgenic mouse models. Our pilot study indicates a time-dependent effect of maternal GE exposure on early-life breast cancer development in spontaneous breast cancer mouse models. We also integrated transcriptome and methylome data from mouse breast tumors and identified several candidate genes such as Trp63 and Tprg in response to maternal GE treatment, and considered to play important roles in regulation of development and tumorigenesis. These results suggest that an appropriate exposure window to soybean dietary GE could be a key factor for prevention of human breast cancer and comprehensive mechanisms may be involved in dietary GE-induced in utero breast cancer intervention. Citation Format: Yuanyuan Li, Min Chen, Shizhao Li, Trygve Tollefsbol. Time-dependent maternal soybean genistein exposure leads to later-life breast cancer chemoprevention in mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1605.
Identification of a Gene Expression Profile That Differentiates Between Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Michelle M. Kittleson, Shui Q. Ye, Rafael A. Irizarry, Khalid M. Minhas, Gina Edness, John V. Conte, Giovanni Parmigiani, Leslie W. Miller, Yingjie Chen, Jennifer L. Hall, Joe G.N. Garcia, Joshua M. Hare
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Gene expression profiling refines diagnostic and prognostic assessment in oncology but has not yet been applied to myocardial diseases. We hypothesized that gene expression differentiates ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy, demonstrating that gene expression profiling by clinical parameters is feasible in cardiology.Affymetrix U133A microarrays of 48 myocardial samples from Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) and the University of Minnesota (UM) obtained (1) at transplantation or left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement (end-stage; n=25), (2) after LVAD support (post-LVAD; n=16), and (3) from newly diagnosed patients (biopsy; n=7) were analyzed with prediction analysis of microarrays. A training set was used to develop the profile and test sets to validate the accuracy of the profile. An etiology prediction profile developed in end-stage JHH samples was tested in independent samples from both JHH and UM with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in end-stage samples and 33% sensitivity and 100% specificity in both post-LVAD and biopsy samples. The overall sensitivity was 89% (95% CI 75% to 100%), and specificity was 89% (95% CI 60% to 100%) over 210 random partitions of end-stage samples into training and test sets. Age, gender, and hemodynamic differences did not affect the profile's accuracy in stratified analyses. Select gene expression was confirmed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Gene expression profiling accurately predicts cardiomyopathy etiology, is generalizable to samples from separate institutions, is specific to disease stage, and is unaffected by differences in clinical characteristics. This strongly supports ongoing efforts to incorporate expression profiling-based biomarkers in determining prognosis and response to therapy in heart failure.
Crime and the aged. 1. The victims
Authors: M. Rodstein
Journal: JAMA (1975)

IN ADDITION to economic loss, physical assault, and psychologic damage, crimes committed against the aged have many profound effects on their entire way of life, including their medical care, nutrition, mental health, social life, housing, and means of transportation. These crimes are significant contributory factors to migration of the aged from their neighborhoods and their willingness to accept long-term care in institutions. <h3>Incidence</h3> The aged who reside in the inner city are frequently the victims of crime. In New York City, where 35% or 400,000 of those 60 years of age and over reside in the 26 poorest neighborhoods, over 40% of the aged surveyed reported being victims of personal crime in the past, varying from purse-snatching to forcible entry into their homes.<sup>1</sup> An excellent study of more than 500 individuals aged 65 years and over in the inner city of Houston revealed that 29.8% had been criminally victimized
LETTER FROM PARIS.
Authors: None A. B.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

M. M. Germain Sée and Laborde on the Utility of the Exclusive Administration of Alkaloids extracted from Plants—Dr. Bouilly defends the Use of Pessaries—Dr. Mossé on the Re-plantation of Bones removed by the Trephine—An anonymous writer in "The Scalpel" on the Hœmostatic-Action of Cocaine—Dr. Doyon on the Action of Bromide of Potassium. With reference to the debate that lately took place at the Academy of Medicine, M. M. Germain Sée and Laborde maintained the utility of the exclusive administration of alkaloids extracted from plants. The immediate principle, they say, is always<i>one</i>, identical in itself, invariable in its proper constitution, as in its fundamental, physiological and medicamentosis action, the total matter which contains it is complex, variable in its composition as it is in its effects. Apropos of this subject, a writer in the<i>Gazette Hebdomadaire</i>remarks that while it may be admitted that the preparations take while it may
Fluphenazine and postherpetic neuralgia
Authors: H. I. Hurtig
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am surprised that<i>JAMA</i>would print the antiscience diatribe found at the end of the January 5 At Large column.<sup>1</sup>As a scientist, I have grown accustomed to vitriolic attacks from the misinformed and uninformed. But from an educated man such as Dr King, I find phrases such as "society will curse scientists" and "science will self-destruct" and ideas such as that science has caused overpopulation and pollution shortsighted at best. Dr King is certainly entitled to his own opinions and may muse on the future at his leisure, but a line is crossed when antiscience preaching is printed and is thus granted legitimacy in the eyes of your readers.
The use of 2-deoxy-D-glucose for genital herpes
Authors: L. Corey
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Regarding the comments by Corey and Holmes, ours was a formal randomization schedule compatible with a double-blind study. We disagree with the concept that stratification by serological tests "must be done in patients with primary genital herpes"; in fact, a recent article from their own group<sup>1</sup>confirms the results of our studies, that serological data offered little to the diagnostic regimen. The main concern of the Corey and Holmes group is the inordinate duration of lesions and virus shedding compared with their own studies; we do not believe that their observations involving 13 patients treated with the nonionic surfactant Nonoxynol-9 bear any relationship to our study. The vehicles we use do not contain it, and the mode of action of surfactants may not be similar. While it is possible that surfactants have a role in virus shedding, the numbers in both studies are too small to evaluate this.
Association of Preoperative Plasma Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins-2 and -3 With Prostate Cancer Invasion, Progression, and Metastasis
Authors: Shahrokh F. Shariat, Dolores J. Lamb, Michael W. Kattan, Cuong Nguyen, JaHong Kim, Josie Beck, Thomas M. Wheeler, Kevin M. Slawin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

We tested the hypothesis that preoperative plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (BP)-2 or IGFBP-3 would predict cancer stage and prognosis in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.Plasma levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 were measured preoperatively in 120 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized disease, postoperatively in 51 of these patients, in 44 healthy men, in 19 patients with metastases to regional lymph nodes, and in 10 patients with bone metastases.Plasma IGFBP-3 levels were lowest in patients with bone metastases (P < or = .043). IGFBP-2 levels were elevated in prostate cancer patients compared with healthy subjects (P < or = .006). However, within the group of prostatectomy patients, preoperative plasma IGFBP-2 levels were lower in patients with advanced disease (P < or = .033), were inversely correlated with prostatic tumor volume (P =.037), and declined after prostate removal (P =.044). Lower preoperative IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 levels and biopsy Gleason score were independent predictors of biochemical progression (P =.043, P =.040, and P =.020, respectively). In patients with disease progression, preoperative plasma IGFBP-3 levels were lower in those with aggressive than in those with nonaggressive failure (P =.042).Elevation of plasma IGFBP-2 levels in prostate cancer patients apparently is due to increased release directly from the prostate. For patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, preoperative plasma IGFBP-2 levels are inversely associated with biologically aggressive disease and disease progression. Preoperative plasma IGFBP-3 levels were decreased in patients with prostate cancer metastases and were an independent predictor of biochemical progression after surgery, presumably because of an association with occult metastatic disease present at the time of radical prostatectomy.
Association of American Physicians.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA Reference Directories
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NONSYPHILITIC AORTITIS
Authors: LESTER NEUMAN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Aortitis, an inflammatory condition of the aorta, has been recognized as a clinical and pathologic entity for many years. From the purely pathologic standpoint, it has been described so frequently and in such detail that the picture seems complete. This refers especially to the literature of fifteen or twenty years ago, and to a few recent reports. A striking commentary is the comparative scarcity of references in the American and English literature. Very early references are those of Aretaeus<sup>1</sup>and Morgagni,<sup>2</sup>and later of Scarpa.<sup>3</sup>The more modern work dates from the report of Portal,<sup>4</sup>in 1803, and Hodgson,<sup>5</sup>in 1815. Portal was the first to describe acute aortitis clinically; and, while there has remained no doubt that aortitis occurs as a pathologic fact, clinicians have been inclined to avoid positive statements, especially regarding early diagnosis. In fact, the feasibility of making an early diagnosis
Nameless Diseases
Authors: Martin Lipp
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This is one of those rare contributions that, although intended as a self-help book for patients, will be instructive to physicians too. The title is<i>Nameless Diseases</i>, but the broader topic is those conditions (and the patients who have them) that don't fit neatly into conventional categories. These are challenges that most physicians face several times each week, challenges that often are the source of enormous frustration for both doctor and patient. One quote reveals the book's tone and thesis: "If doctors can't assign a disease name to your condition... it simply means that, given current evidence, they have been unable to fit your particular set of symptoms and signs into a known pattern. It does not mean that you are crazy, the doctors stupid, the discomfort minor, or the consequences trivial. Being assigned a name is merely a convenience for those of us lucky enough to be living in
Impact Study: a Subgroup of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients with Very Prolonged Disease Control Under Maintenance Therapy with the Tlr-9 Agonist Mgn1703
Authors: W. Scheithauer, J. Riera-Knorrenschild, H. Kopp, F. Mayer, D. Nitsche, J. Kuhlmann, R. Ziebermayr, J. Andel, D. Arnold, M. Schmidt, H.J. Schmoll
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Thoracoabdominal gunshot wound with survival of a 36-week fetus
Authors: K. Browns
Journal: JAMA (1977)

GUNSHOT wounds to the uterus of a woman during the last months of pregnancy are rare. The lives of the mother and the unborn child are endangered. In a review of 70 such cases, no fetus survived thoracoabdominal gunshot trauma.<sup>1</sup>Recently, we treated an infant who suffered a major prenatal gunshot wound. Earlier reviews of uterine trauma focused on treatment of the mother.<sup>1</sup>This report concerns treatment of the infant. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 23-year-old woman, gravida 5, para 4, approximately 36 weeks gravid, was shot in the midportion of the abdomen with a.38-caliber low-velocity bullet. She was taken to a nearby community hospital, where roentgenograms of the abdomen showed a bullet within the uterus, evidently lodged in an upper extremity of the fetus (Fig 1). Fetal heart tones were present. Immediate celiotomy disclosed no maternal injuries other than to the uterus. A cesarean section was performed,
Good news! Bad news? The status of respiratory therapy in the 1980s
Authors: J. E. Kasik
Journal: JAMA (1981)

An interesting article in this issue ofThe Journal(p 2033) by Braun et al appears to confirm what many physicians had already suspected. There has been a widespread opinion that the use of intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) therapy has been decreasing and that expression of skepticism about its value has become a common occurrence. Braun and co-workers have shown that in both a teaching and nonteaching hospital, there has been a noticeable reduction in the number of IPPB treatments ordered from 1971 to 1979. Many would consider this good news. Intermittent positive-pressure breathing has never been universally accepted as an effective therapeutic procedure. Its phenomenal rise in popularity was accompanied by a number of reports and statements of a critical nature questioning the value of IPPB in most if not all clinical situations.<sup>1-3</sup>If the data of Braun et al are indicative of a national trend, it would
Stiff-Man Syndrome
Authors: Louis Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1966)

MEDICAL histories of two patients with stiff-man syndrome are compared with other cases in the literature, demonstrating the similarity of backgrounds and mismanagement of this disease. One of the purposes of this report alludes to the fact that frequently in medicine, when we are confronted with a new set of symptoms that we cannot explain, we readily label these as hysterical or functional. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 36-year-old white woman clerical worker, three years prior to her first hospitalization, noted that minor emotional stimulation, such as being teased by her fellow workers, caused her leg muscles to contract and her legs to become stiff, so that it was necessary for her to walk stiff-legged. At this time she consulted her physician because of extreme emotional instability and difficulty in walking. Her physician was confident that this was a hysterical manifestation, and he strongly advised her to have psychiatric