tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: A survey-based analysis.
Authors: Pablo Emilio Serrano Aybar, Christopher Griffiths, Jessica Bogach, Leyo Ruo, Julie Hallet, Marko Simunovic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

e15073 Background: Patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases may undergo simultaneous or staged resection. Methods: We electronically surveyed members of the Society of Surgical Oncology, Canadian Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario with a pilot-tested questionnaire. Four clinical scenarios were presented. Perceived outcomes of and barriers to simultaneous resection were assessed on a Likert scale using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests for ordinal and categorical variables, respectively. We compared results between general and hepatobiliary surgeons. We sought to determine surgeons’ attitudes and perceived barriers to simultaneous resection and compare them between general and hepatobiliary surgeons. Results: The response rate of 20% (234/1166) included 50 general and 134 hepatobiliary surgeons. A high likelihood score (Likert ≥5-7) for support of simultaneous resection among general and hepatobiliary surgeons, respectively, included the following: for minor liver and low complexity colon, 83% and 98% (p &lt; 0.001); for minor liver and rectal resection, 57% and 73% (p = 0.042); for complex liver and low complexity colon resection, 26% and 24% (p = 0.858); and, for complex liver and rectal resection, 11% and 7.0% (p = 0.436). Among hepatobiliary surgeons, the most common barriers for simultaneous resections were patient comorbidities and extrahepatic disease, whereas general surgeons additionally identified transferring care to another facility. Lack of information regarding non-responders is relevant given our relatively low response rate. Our respondents mostly worked in academic settings, which may not be representative of the majority of surgeons who manage colorectal cancer. Conclusions: Surgeon support for simultaneous resection increased with less complex surgery and was similar among hepatobiliary and general surgeons. Surgeons’ perceived practice patterns and barriers to simultaneous resection should inform clinical trials and disease care pathways.
Long-term Pharmacotherapy in the Management of Obesity
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To examine the rationale for long-term use of medications in the management of obesity, to provide an overview of published scientific information on their safety and efficacy, and to provide guidance to patients and practitioners regarding risks and benefits of treatment.Original reports and reviews obtained through electronic database searches on anorexiant drugs supplemented by a manual search of bibliographies.English-language articles that discussed the role of medications in the treatment of human obesity, and studies that evaluated their safety and efficacy for a minimum of 24 weeks.Studies were reviewed by experts in the fields of nutrition, obesity, and eating disorders to evaluate study design and the validity of authors' conclusions.The long-term use of medications in the management of obesity is consistent with the current consensus that obesity responds poorly to short-term interventions. Net weight loss attributable to medication is modest, ranging from 2 to 10 kg, but patients taking active drug are more likely to lose 10% or more of initial body weight. Weight loss tends to reach a plateau by 6 months. Weight remains below baseline throughout treatment, although some studies show partial weight regain despite continued drug therapy. Most adverse effects are mild and self-limited, but rare serious outcomes have been reported.Pharmacotherapy for obesity, when combined with appropriate behavioral approaches to change diet and physical activity, helps some obese patients lose weight and maintain weight loss for at least 1 year. There is little justification for the short-term use of anorexiant medications, but few studies have evaluated their safety and efficacy for more than 1 year. Until more data are available, pharmacotherapy cannot be recommended for routine use in obese individuals, although it may be helpful in carefully selected patients.
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 2(6) June 2005
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

This image is a personal response to the Asian tsunami disaster and an attempt to convey the profound way in which that event touched lives around the world. Early one morning, I loaded a 50-pound iron Buddha head into a backpack, strapped on my camera equipment, and set out on a four-mile hike up the California coast from Torrey Pines Beach. The Buddha originally came from a monastery, by way of a hospital, before finding its way into my hands on American shores. Several weeks of unusually high surf conditions and winter storms had strewn the beach with organic material. I laid the Buddha in the flotsam, and contemplated the way it interacted with the other objects—a feather, grains of sand. The multiplicity of interpretations symbolizes for me all the individual stories of survivors. Born R. Evan Thomas in 1965, I work under the name Avenescent as an artist and as a creative director for New Earth Publications and the magazine Planet Lightworker. I have spent my life in artistic exploration, and my present passions are the digital arts and photography. I have enjoyed life experiences in many parts of the United States, and although much of my family resides in the Northwest, I prefer the warm, sunny climate of Southern California. Image Credit: R. Evan Thomas (avenescent [at] cox.net)
The American Year-Book of Medicine and Surgery for 1904. A Yearly Digest of Scientific Progress and Authoritative Opinion in All Branches of Medicine and Surgery, Drawn from Journals, Monographs and Text-Books of the Leading American and Foreign Authors and Investigators.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Compensation for Injured Research Subjects
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Diagnostic Bacteriology, Including Serum Diagnosis and Cytodiagnosis.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinically significant differences (CSD) in the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form (MSAS-SF)
Authors: V. T. Chang, S. S. Hwang, Y. S. Alejandro, P. A. Osenenko, S. Srinivas, B. S. Kasimis, H. T. Thaler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8269 Background The MSAS SF measures patient (pt) rated distress for physical symptoms and frequency for psychological symptoms, and provides subscale scores for physical (PHYS), psychological (PSYCH), global distress (GDI) and Total MSAS (TMSAS); the range for each subscale is 0–4. We examined changes in MSAS-SF scales in pts treated for cancer pain to estimate CSD of MSAS-SF subscales with distribution based criteria and anchor based effect sizes. Methods Pts with worst pain > 4/10 were managed according to AHCPR guidelines, and assessed at baseline and 1 week with the MSAS-SF, the Brief Pain Inventory, and Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS). MSAS-SF subscale scores were recalculated without the pain item (GDIP, PHYSP, TMSASP). A half standard deviation (SD), and the standard error measurement (SEM), were distribution based criteria for CSD. Changes in pain severity and in KPS were used to determine anchor based differences. A decrease in worst pain greater than 2 points was defined as clinically significant. The effect size(ES), a measure of the magnitude of scale change resulting from a clinically significant change, was the mean of changes divided by the SD at baseline. (Cella et al, JPSM 2002;24:517) Results Primary sites were metastatic prostate (29.2%), lung (26.7%), head and neck (9.2%), colorectal (7.7%), pancreas (5.1%), advanced lymphoma (5.1%) and multiple myeloma (4.6%). Of 154 pts, at 1 week 63 pts (41%) had a significant decrease in worst pain, and 50 pts (32%) had an improved KPS. Conclusions CSD ranged from 0.20 to 0.66 for the different subscales. These estimates may help with interpreting changes in MSAS-SF subscales, and sample size estimation for clinical trials. (VAHSR&D PCC98068). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Chemokine levels in human liver homogenates: Associations between GRO ? and histopathological evidence of alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: J Maltby, S Wright, G Bird, N Sheron
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by parenchymal neutrophil infiltration. Hepatic synthesis of the neutrophil chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is highly elevated in alcoholic hepatitis and levels correlate with the degree of neutrophil infiltration. The aim of this study was to further determine the spectrum of synthesis of chemokines in liver tissue from patients with alcoholic liver disease and a range of disease control subjects. Subjects were composed of 24 patients with alcoholic liver disease of whom 15 had histopathological evidence of alcoholic hepatitis (10 cirrhotic) and 9 no evidence of alcoholic hepatitis (5 cirrhotic); other controls included; normal liver (n = 6), viral hepatitis (n = 16), primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 5), acute liver failure (n = 4), and miscellaneous liver disease (n = 13). Levels of the C-X-C neutrophil chemokine GRO α and the mononuclear cell C-C chemokines: macrophage inflammatory protein 1 α, macrophage chemotactic protein 1 and RANTES, were determined by ELISA in liver homogenates. Levels of the neutrophil chemokine GRO α were specifically elevated (mean 46 pg/mg, compared with normal liver 11 pg/mg) in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. GRO α levels correlated with IL-8 levels and were higher in patients with alcoholic liver disease and parenchymal neutrophil infiltration. Hepatic RANTES was elevated in diseased liver, with the highest levels found in viral hepatitis (mean 117 pg/mg, compared with 24 pg/mg in normal liver). No significant changes in hepatic levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 α (MIP-1 α) or macrophage chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were found. These data provide further supportive evidence that parenchymal neutrophil infiltration in alcoholic hepatitis may be determined by selective upregulation of C-X-C chemokine synthesis.
THE COOK COUNTY (ILLINOIS) HOSPITAL.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Urinary Connective Tissue Growth Factor Excretion Correlates With Clinical Markers of Renal Disease in a Large Population of Type 1 Diabetic Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Tri Q. Nguyen, Lise Tarnow, Steen Andersen, Peter Hovind, Hans-Henrik Parving, Roel Goldschmeding, Frans A. van Nieuwenhoven
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—Levels of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; CCN-2) in plasma are increased in various fibrotic disorders, including diabetic nephropathy. Recently, several articles have reported a strong increase of urinary CTGF excretion (U-CTGF) in patients with diabetic nephropathy. However, these studies addressed too small a number of patients to allow general conclusions to be drawn. Therefore, we evaluated U-CTGF in a large cross-sectional study of patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Subjects were 318 type 1 diabetic patients and 29 normoglycemic control subjects. U-CTGF was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Groups were compared by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney analysis. The relation between U-CTGF and markers of diabetic nephropathy was determined by regression analysis. RESULTS—U-CTGF in patients with diabetic nephropathy (n = 89, median 155 pmol/24 h [interquartile range 96–258]) was significantly higher than in microalbuminuric (n = 79, 100 [65–78]) and normoalbuminuric (n = 150, 85 [48–127]) patients and control subjects (n = 29, 100 [78–114]). U-CTGF correlated with urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (R = 0.31) and glomerular filtration rate (R = −0.38) in patients with diabetic nephropathy. A standardized increase in U-CTGF was associated with diabetic nephropathy (odds ratio 2.3 [95% CI 1.7–3.1]), which was comparable with the odds ratios for diabetic nephropathy of increased HbA1c (2.0 [1.5–2.7]), and blood pressure (2.0 [1.5–2.6]). CONCLUSIONS—This is the first large cross-sectional study addressing U-CTGF in human type 1 diabetes. The observed association of U-CTGF with UAE and glomerular filtration rate might reflect a role of CTGF as progression promoter in diabetic nephropathy.
An improved digitonin-collagenase perfusion technique for the isolation of periportal and perivenous hepatocytes from a single rat liver: Physiological implications for lobular heterogeneity
Authors: T Tordjmann, B Berthon, B Lardeux, A Moreau, E Jacquemin, L Combettes, G Feldmann, M Claret
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Morphological and functional heterogeneity of hepatocytes according to their position in the liver lobule has been known for many years. The digitonin-collagenase perfusion technique is widely used to study hepatocyte heterogeneity and has yielded reliable data. However, with this procedure, periportal (PP) or perivenous (PV) hepatocytes are isolated from different livers, allowing only comparison between cell populations issued from two separate animals. To overcome this drawback, we have modified this technique by perfusing the two main rat liver lobes of a single animal in succession. The procedure involved alternate clamping of the median and the left lateral lobes, restricting digitonin infusion to one lobe via the portal vein, and to the other via the caudal vena cava. Lobe exclusion during digitonin perfusion, and zonal restriction of digitonin-induced damage, were monitored using macroscopic and histological controls. We compared our results with previous data on PP and PV hepatocytes issued from two different livers using the conventional digitonin-collagenase perfusion technique. First, we found that the cellular sensitivity to angiotensin II, a calcium-mobilizing agonist, was 60% to 80% higher in PV than in PP hepatocytes, whereas, previously, no difference had been recorded. Second, we found that albumin messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were 35% more abundant in PP than in PV hepatocytes, whereas, previously, larger differences had been reported. Our results show that PP and PV hepatocytes may be isolated from a single liver using an improved digitonin-collagenase perfusion technique. Furthermore, we suggest that zonal differences can be artificially masked or amplified when comparing PP and PV cell populations from two different livers, indicating that it is preferable to use a single liver for accurate zonal comparisons between hepatocytes.
Risk-adjustment methods based on health status and functional status
Authors: R. M. Allman
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the article by Dr Fowles and colleagues<sup>1</sup>comparing risk-adjustment methods for setting capitation rates, the authors conclude that risk adjustments based on diagnostic information available from administrative data or self-reported chronic conditions should be used rather than adjusting for functional status measures, such as the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Functional and Perceived Health Status Survey (SF-36). However, their data demonstrate that such a functional status measure performs just as well, if not better, than diagnosis-based adjustments, particularly among high-risk persons older than 65 years. Adjustment using diagnosis-based ambulatory care groups predicted health care expenditures within 5% of actual expenses for 75% of the persons older than age 65 who were categorized as high risk. In contrast, SF-36-adjusted data were similarly accurate in 85% of the older high-risk persons. The authors suggest a number of reasons for preferring administrative claims or encounter data for adjusting
Abstract 4879: Genomic and epigenomic profiling of high-stage neuroblastoma
Authors: Miki Ohira, Yasutoshi Tatsumi, Yohko Nakamura, Kenji Tatsuno, Shuichi Tsutsumi, Shogo Yamamoto, Genta Nagae, Claire Renard-Guillet, Ryuichi Sugino, Hiroki Nagase, Takehiko Kamijo, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Akira Nakagawara
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor with a wide range of clinical phenotypes from spontaneous regression to highly resistant to chemotherapy. Despite intense multi-modal therapy, NB remains the second most common cause of cancer deaths among children. MYCN amplification is the most prominent poor prognosis factor for NB, however, certain subgroup of high stage tumor without MYCN amplification also shows low survival rate in terms of long-term follow-up (10 years survival rate was 51%, n=161). To elucidate the molecular basis of malignant subtype of NB, integrated genomic and epigenomic analyses were performed. Array CGH of 537 tumors indicated that genomic subgroups of 17q gain, with 1p loss and/or 11q loss, exhibited aggressive characteristics even without MYCN amplification. Whole exome sequencing of 92 high stage, MYCN-non-amplified primary tumors (SureSelect XT Human All Exon V4, mean depth CDS:138, x20 coverage:96%) identified 1,735 non-silent somatic mutations, among which 53 were significant mutations observed more than once in the sample set. Aggressive tumors (died of disease, n=48) had several notable features, with mutations in chromatin remodeling/modulating genes (27%, cf. ATRX), in DNA-damage response (30%), in TP53 (28%) and RB (22%)-related gene networks, as well as with high TERT expression (38%). By hierarchical clustering of methylome signature (Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip), the 92 tumors were subdivided into four clusters. Unfavorable cluster-2 and -4 exhibited hyper-methylation phenotypes in CpG islands and the former was enriched by MYCN-amplified tumors. These two clusters (53%) showed strong correlation with patient prognosis (p=0.0055). Thus, these prognosis-related genomic features could be useful markers for risk classification and help understanding molecular mechanism for aggressive phenotypes of MYCN-non-amplified NBs. Citation Format: Miki Ohira, Yasutoshi Tatsumi, Yohko Nakamura, Kenji Tatsuno, Shuichi Tsutsumi, Shogo Yamamoto, Genta Nagae, Claire Renard-Guillet, Ryuichi Sugino, Hiroki Nagase, Takehiko Kamijo, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Akira Nakagawara. Genomic and epigenomic profiling of high-stage neuroblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4879. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4879
Dickkopf-1 enhances tumourigenic potential by inducing liver angiogenesis
Authors: Seung Up Kim, Kyung Joo Cho, Sang Hyun Seo, Hye Jung Park, Jae Seung Lee, Hye Won Lee, Beom Kyung Kim, Jun Yong Park, Do Young Kim, Sang Hoon Ahn, Kwang-Hyub Han
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)