Gastroenterology: An Annotated Bibliography of Recent Literature
Authors: GASTROENTEROLOGY COMMITTEE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

The Literature of Medicine1 November 1979Gastroenterology: An Annotated Bibliography of Recent LiteratureReferences to Journal Articles and Other PapersGASTROENTEROLOGY COMMITTEEGASTROENTEROLOGY COMMITTEESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-799 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis bibliography includes references to 82 recently published journal papers and similar sources that represent important developments in the concept and practice of internal medicine. It has been compiled by the Gastroenterology Committee as a part of the Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Program V Syllabus.In prepariee reviewed MEDLINE†bibliographic printouts of journal articles published since the beginning of 1976 and also drew on sources in libraries of hospitals and other clinical institutions in the United States and Canada; thus, only papers in English are listed, and most are from American journals....Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Colon INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE GENERAL Pancreas Liver and Biliary Tract Disorders1. ATKINSONVAN GELDER MA. Esophageal intraluminal pH recording in the assessment of gastroesophageal reflux and its consequences. Am J Dig Dis. 1977;22:365-70. Patients with severe esophagitis have longer duration of high intraesophageal acidity in the nocturnal period. Nocturnal exposure of the esophageal mucosa to acid may be a major factor in causing reflux esophagitis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BEHARBRANDBROWN JDF. Cimetidine in the treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux: a double blind controlled trial. Gastroenterology. 1978;74:441-8. Statistically significant decreases in symptom frequency and severity, decrease in antacid use, and improvement in acid sensitivity were noted with 300-mg cimetidine tablets given four times a day compared to a placebo treatment in a multicenter trial. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BEHARBIANCANISHEAHAN JPD. Evaluation of esophageal tests in the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 1976;71:9-15. Provides a critical comparison of tests to evaluate reflux esophagitis. Acid perfusion test results are frequently positive in patients with chronic chest pain of undetermined cause. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CASTELL D. Achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm. Arch Intern Med. 1976;136:571-9. Good review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. FISHERMALMUDROBERTSLOBIS RLGI. Gastroesophageal (GE) scintiscanning to detect and quantitate GE reflux. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:301-8. Quantitative estimates of gastroesophageal reflux can be made with a swallow of a standard volume of fluid containing technetium colloid (99mTc-SC) and a scan of the esophageal area with a gamma camera. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. GOYAL R. The lower esophageal sphincter. Viewpoints Dig Dis. 1976;8:1-4. Brief summary of current views on physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology of clinical disorders of the lower esophageal sphincter. Google Scholar7. KILMANGOYAL WR. Disorders of pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter motor function. Arch Intern Med. 1976;136:592-601. Review summarizing the pathogenesis, consequences, evaluation, and treatment of motor disorders of buccopharyngeal swallowing. The diseases that produce these disorders are briefly described. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. KODSIWICKREMESINGHEKOZINNISWARAGOLDBERG BCPKP. Candida esophagitis: a prospective study of 27 cases. Gastroenterology. 1976;71:715-9. Candida esophagitis was found in 27 out of 370 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopy. Fourteen of 27 patients had esophageal symptoms, and only eight had predisposing factors. All the patients had candida agglutinin titre over 1:160, but, some controls had similar titers. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. MUKHOPADHYAYGRAHAM AD. Esophageal motor dysfunction in systemic diseases. Arch Intern Med. 1976;136:583-8. Esophageal motor dysfunction can be produced by systemic diseases belonging to four major categories: connective tissue diesases; metabolic and endocrine disorders; neural, neuromuscular, and primary muscle disease; and miscellaneous conditions. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. PARKERMOERTEL EC. Carcinoma of the esophagus: is there a role for surgery? Am J Dig Dis. 1978;23:730-6. Dr. Parker recommends treating all patients initially with irradiation and then with surgery in all resectable cases. From a review of literature Dr. Moertel argues against the value of surgery. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. PAULLTRIERDALTONCAMPLOEBGOYAL AJMRPR. The histologic spectrum of Barrett's esophagus. N Engl J Med. 1976;295:476-80. A long-standing controversy over the histologic type of columnar mucosa in "Barrett's esophagus" is settled. Several different types of mucous membranes and cell types can be present in this condition. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. POPE C. Pathophysiology and diagnosis of reflux esophagitis. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:445-54. Discusses factors that prevent reflux, the role of sphincter and hiatal hernia in reflux, the interaction of esophageal mucosa with refluxed fluid, and the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. STANCIUHOAREBENNETT CRJ. Correlation between manometric and pH tests for gastro-oesophageal reflux. Gut. 1977;18:536-40. A 24-h intraluminal esophageal pH monitoring is the most reliable test for diagnosis of reflux. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar14. BINDERCOCCOCROSSLEY HAR. Cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer: a multicenter double blind study. Gastroenterology. 1978;74:380-8. Additional evidence that cimetidine is effective in healing duodenal ulcers. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15. DEKKERTYTGAT WG. Diagnostic accuracy of fiberendoscopy in detection of upper intestinal malignancy: a follow-up analysis. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:710-4. Review of fiberendoscopic studies in 1005 patients revealed an overall correct endoscopic interpretation in 92.7%. Of 135 patients with gastric malignancy, the diagnosis was correct in 98.8% due largely to the number of biopsies (> 10) obtained in gastric ulcer patients. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar16. DEVENEYDEVENEYJAFFEJONESWAY CKBRL. Use of calcium and secretin in diagnosis of gastrinoma (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome). Ann Intern Med. 1977; 87:680-6. Stimulation by calcium and secretin proved to be highly useful in the diagnosis of gastrinoma in 34 patients. With use of criteria of serum gastrin increases over 395 pg/mL after calcium and 110 pg/mL after secretin, there were no false-positive test results with either substance; false-negative responses were infrequent. LinkGoogle Scholar17. EASTWOOD G. Does early endoscopy benefit the patient with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding? Gastroenterology. 1977;72:737-9. Prompt fiberoptic endoscopy has been used extensively in upper gastrointestinal bleeding with the expectation that early accurate diagnosis would lead to reduced morbidity and mortality. However, this has not been borne out in prospective studies to date. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18. FELDMANRICHARDSONPETERSONWALSHFORDTRAN MCWJJ. Effect of low-dose propantheline on food-stimulated gastric acid secretion: comparison with an ''optimal effective dose" and interaction with cimetidine. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:1427-30. The widely held notion that anticholinergic drugs must be used in near-toxic doses to effectively inhibit gastric secretin is dispelled. Low-dose propantheline was found to be as effective in suppressing food-stimulated acid secretion. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar19. FINKELSTEINISSELBACHER WK. Drug therapy: cimetidine. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:992-6. Authoritative review of the use of cimetidine in duodenal ulcer, benign gastric ulcer, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and pancreatic insufficiency. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. HASTINGSSKILLMANBUSHNELLSILEN PJLW. Antacid titration in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a controlled, randomized trial in 100 critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:1041-5. The occurrence of acute gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients can be reduced by antacid titration. One hundred patients (respiratory failure, sepsis, renal failure, peritonitis, hypotension) received either antacid prophylaxis or placebo; two of 51 antacid-treated patients bled versus 12 of 49 control subjects. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. JICKPORTER HJ. Drug-induced gastrointestinal bleeding: report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University Medical Center. Lancet. 1978;2:87-9. Timely study of such drugs as corticosteroid, salicylates, reserpine, and other agents implicated in gastrointestinal bleeding. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar22. MCCARTHYOLINGERMAYLONGGARDNER DERBJ. H2-histamine receptor blocking agents in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: experience in seven cases and implications for long-term therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1977;87:668-75. Patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome can be managed medically with abolishment of symptoms and ulcer healing. The problem of gradual loss of efficacy of the drugs remains. LinkGoogle Scholar23. MACGREGORPARENTMEYER IJJ. Gastric emptying of liquid meals and pancreatic and biliary secretion after subtotal gastrectomy or truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in man. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:195-205. An important study demonstrating that a major factor in post gastrectomy steatorrhea is rapid gastric emptying with resultant dilution of pancreatic enzymes and bile salts in the proximal small bowel. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar24. PETERSONSTURDEVANTFRANKL WRH. Healing of duodenal ulcer with an antacid regimen. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:341-5. An important finding was the dissociation between ulcer symptoms and ulcer healing. Presence or absence of symptoms during the fourth treatment week was a poor predictor of the presence or absence of an ulcer crater. Of the patients who were symptom-free, the ulcer has not healed in 16 of 44; of those with persistent symptoms, the ulcer had healed in 12 of 25. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar25. SCHRUMPFSERCK-HANSSENSTADAASAUNEMYRENOSNES EAJSJM. Mucosal changes in the gastric stump 20-25 years after partial gastrectomy. Lancet. 1977;2:467-9. Carcinoma in the gastric stump after partial gastrectomy is a distinct clinical entity. Endoscopy combined with biopsy in 320 patients who underwent Billroth II partial gastrectomy 20 to 25 years earlier revealed five patients with carcinoma. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar26. STURDEVANTISENBERGSECRISTANSFIELD RJDJ. Antacid and placebo produced similar pain relief in duodenal ulcer patients. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:1-5. Provocative study indicating that factors other than gastric acid neutralization are important in the relief of ulcer pain. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar27. WELSH J. Diet therapy of peptic ulcer disease. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:740-5. The data in this report reflect diet practices for therapy of peptic ulcer disease in 326 hospitals. Although overall instruction was similar, there were marked variations in nomenclature and composition of even supposedly similar diets. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar28. BARILLANOTZKENNEDYPAK DCDC Renal oxalate excretion following oral oxalate loads in patients with ileal disease and with renal and absorptive hypercalcurias. Am J Med. 1978;64:579-85. Study indicating that orally administered calcium or magnesium produces a significant reduction in hyperoxaluria associated with ileal disease or jejunoileal bypass. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. BRAYBARRYBENFIELDCASTELNUOVO-TEDESCODRENICKPASSARO GRJPEE. Intestinal bypass operation as a treatment for obesity. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:97-109. Good review of the indications, benefits, and complications of jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity. LinkGoogle Scholar30. COMPSTONHORTONAYERSTIGHECREAMER JLAJB. Osteomalacia after small-intestinal resection. Lancet. 1978;1:9-12. The frequency of metabolic bone disease in patients with small bowel resection is emphasized. Diagnosis usually requires bone biopsy, and treatment with oral vitamin D metabolites may be quite effective. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar31. DOBBINSBINDER JH. Importance of the colon in enteric hyperoxaluria. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:298-301. Emphasizes the role of the colon in oxalate absorption and hyperoxaluria associated with steatorrhea. Because the colon is the site of oxalate absorption, patients with steatorrhea and colectomy do not develop hyperoxaluria. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar32. FAULKANURASCHRISTENSEN DSJ. Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Gastroenterology. 1978;74:922-31. Excellent review of primary and secondary causes of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The authors discuss pathophysiologic findings and aspects of management. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar33. FLEMINGMCGILLHOFFMANNELSON CDHR. Total parenteral nutrition. Mayo Clin Proc. 1976;51:187-99. Excellent review of indications, techniques, and complications of total parenteral nutrition. MedlineGoogle Scholar34. LAUTERBURGNEWCOMERHOFMANN BAA. Clinical value of the bile acid breath test: evaluation of the Mayo Clinic experience. Mayo Clin Proc. 1978;53:227-33. Clinical assessment of more than 200 bile acid breath tests showed that the test is very specific in patients with bacterial overgrowth and could be clinically useful. In patients with bile acid malabsorption however, the test is insensitive, and the additional measurement of fecal labeled bile acids is needed. MedlineGoogle Scholar35. MERSONMORRISSACK MGD. Travelers' diarrhea in Mexico: a prospective study of physicians and family members attending a congress. N Engl J Med. 1976;294:1299-1305. Prospective study of 73 physicians and 48 family members attending a medical meeting. Of the 59 who experienced diarrhea, an etiologic agent was determined in 63% with enterotoxogenic Escherichia coli the commonest cause. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar36. PALMERKOSTERRAFIQUL ISLAMMIZANUR RAHMANSACK DFAAR Comparison of sucrose and glucose in the oral therapy of cholera and other severe diarrheas. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:1107-10. An interesting double-blind, prospective study showing that sucrose can effectively replace glucose in an oral electrolyte solution for severe diarrhea in patients over 5 years old. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar37. SAHILAUNIALA TK. More evidence for the recessive inheritance of selective adult type lactose malabsorption. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:231-2. Prospective family study of two Finnish boys converting from normal lactose absorption to malabsorption further supports the proposed genetic model of recessive inheritance of lactase deficiency. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar38. TRIER J. Diagnostic usefullness of small intestinal biopsy. Viewpoints Dig Dis. 1977;9:1-4. Concise, useful review of the morphologic value of the oral intestinal mucosal biopsy in diagnosing small bowel disease. Google Scholar39. TRIERFALCHUKCAREYSCHREIBER JZMD. Celiac sprue and refractory sprue. Gastroenterology. 1978;75:307-16. Informative review of the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and clinical aspects of celiac sprue and related diseases with similar intestinal histopathologic findings. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar40. WATKINSSCHOELLERKLEINOTTNEWCOMERHOFMANN JDPDAA. 13C-trioctanoin: a nonradioactive breath test to detect fat malabsorption. J Lab Clin Med. 1977;90:422-30. As breath tests become more widely used, they may be helpful in detecting steatorrhea. The good correlation between chemically measured steatorrhea and this nonradioactive test encourages its use in all patients, not just children and women of childbearing age. MedlineGoogle Scholar41. WESER E. The management of patients after small bowel resection. Gastroenterology. 1976;71:146-50. An overview of the factors affecting nutrient absorption and management of patients with ileal or more extensive small bowel resection. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar42. WILLIAMSON R. Intestinal adaptation: structural, functional, and cytokinetic changes; mechanisms of control. N Eng J Med. 1978;298:1393-402, 1444-50. Thorough review of the structural, functional, and cytokinetic changes associated with small bowel resection, including mechanisms controlling mucosal cell renewal. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar43. DOBBINS W. Current status of the precancer lesion in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:1431-3. Critical analysis of 453 total colectomies (11 centers; 1967-1976) done for chronic ulcerative colitis disclosed a precancer lesion prevalence of 88% (66% rectal) in 108 cancer-associated specimens and 33% chance of associated cancer when there was rectal precancer. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar44. FAWAZGLOTZERGOLDMAN KDH. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the collon—a comparison of the long term postoperative courses. Gastroenterology. 1976;71:372-8. Analysis of the long-term postoperative courses in 176 patients with colonic inflammatory bowel disease (102, ulcerative colitis; 74, Crohn's colitis) and present justification for their thesis that ultimate outcomes after proctocolectomy are more alike than dissimilar. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar45. GELERNTBAUERKREEL IJI. The reservoir ileostomy: early experience with 54 patients. Ann Surg. 1977;185:179-84. The authors review their experience with the Kock reservoir ileostomy done since 1972, appropriately cautioning against the episodic pouch construction in institutions that occasionally do colectomies. An acceptably low postoperative complication rate, no mortality, and no need to remove the reservoirs are encouraging. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar46. GOODMANKIRSNERRIDDELL MJR. Usefulness of rectal biopsy in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 1977;72:952-6. With careful "standardized" technique and proper handling, rectal biopsies can be useful diagnostic and therapeutic adjuncts in the initial evaluation and long-term observation. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar47. GREENSTEINJANOWITZSACHAR AHD. The extraintestinal complications of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: a study of 700 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 1976;55:401-12. Complications were classified as [1] colitis-related (skin, joints, eyes, mouth); [2] related to small bowel pathophysiology (malabsorption, kidney stones, gallstones, hydronephrosis); or [3] nonspecific (osteoporosis, liver disease, peptic ulcer, and amyloidosis). The group 2 manifestations related to small bowel disease, and group 1 manifestations were more frequent with disease of colon. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar48. SINGLETON J. National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study (NCCDS): results of drug treatment: a cooperative study. Gastroenterology 1977;72:1133. Abstract. Prednisone or sulfasalazine was more effective than placebo in producing clinical improvement in 300 patients with Crohn's disease; results with azathioprine did not differ from those with placebo. Prednisone and sulfasalazine were equivalent to placebo in maintaining a remission and preventing exacerbations of quiescent disease or postoperatively. Google Scholar49. VANTRAPPENAGGPONETTEGEBOESBERTRAND GHEKP. Yersinia enteritis and enterocolitis: gastroenterological aspects. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:220-7. The clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic aspects of Yersinia enterocolitica infections in 34 Belgian adults are reviewed, allowing a reasonably distinct characterization of an illness with an acute (1- to 2-week) or subacute (1- to 5-month) onset of abdominal pain and diarrhea accompanied by abdominal tenderness and radiologically apparent, reversible ileitis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar50. WHITTINGTONBARNESBAYLESS PHT. Medical management of Crohn's disease in adolescence. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:1338-44. Sixteen adolescents with Crohn's disease were continuously treated with prednisone, sulfasalazine, or tetracycline and followed up for a mean of 3.5 years. Disease activity was suppressed, allowing normal growth rate in 10, appropriate pubertal development in 13, and alternate-day steroid therapy in 11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar51. BOHLMANKATONLIPSHUTZMCCOOLSMITHMELNYK TRGMFC. Fiberoptic pansigmoidoscopy: an evaluation and comparison with rigid sigmoidoscopy. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:644-9. Comparison of the two procedures in 120 patients showed a slightly greater patient acceptance, a look at the descending colon or beyond in 84%, and the discovery of three times greater prevalence of pathologic lesions with the fiberoptic sigmoidoscope. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar52. BOLEYSAMMARTANOADAMSDIBIASEKLEINHAUSSPRAYREGEN SRAASS. On the nature and etiology of vascular ectasias of the colon: degenerative lesions of aging. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:650-60. Presents careful anatomic observations and correlations of microscopic studies with angiographic findings in patients with right-sided colonic angiodysplastic lesions. These observations suggest a basis for possible age-related pathogenesis and modes of angiographic presentations. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar53. DROSSMANPOWELLSESSIONS DDJ The irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:811-22. Provides a comprehensive, updated understanding of the pathophysiologic and clinical aspects of the irritable bowel syndrome. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar54. BLOOMGARDNER SJ. The VIP controversy. Am J Dig Dis. 1978;23:370-6. Highlights important controversies regarding the usefulness of plasma assays for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the evaluation and management of patients with difficult diarrheal states. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar55. LARSONMASTERSSPIRO DSH. Medical and surgical therapy in diverticular disease: a comparative study. Gastroenterology. 1976;71:734-7. An average follow up of 9 years in 132 patients with a single attack of colonic diverticulitis revealed that medical therapy (99 of 132) resulted in as many (73%) asymptomatic patients as surgical therapy (33 of 132; 79%), suggesting that a single attack of diverticulitis does not indicate surgery. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar56. MORRISHANSELLOSTROWLEE DJJC. Reliability of chemical tests for fecal occult blood in hospitalized patients. Am J Dig Dis. 1976;21:845-52. (Accompanying editorial, pp. 885-888.) An important, well-documented presentation of the comparative sensitivities and specificities of the chemical tests available for occult blood detection, perhaps the most important screening test for early colon cancer detection. (Also see WINAWER SJ, SHERLOCK P, SCHOTTENFELD D, MILLER DG. Screening for colon cancer. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:783-9.) CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar57. TEDESCOMARKHAMGURWITHCHRISTIEBARTLETT FRMDJ. Oral vancomycin for antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Lancet. 1978;2:226-8. Oral vancomycin was effective in ameliorating the clinical course of antibiotic-associated colitis in humans. Therapy showed a direct correlation with decreasing titers of fecal clostridia toxin. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar58. DIMAGNOMALAGELADAMOERTELGO EJCV. Prospective evaluation of the pancreatic secretion of immunoreactive carcinoembryonic antigen, enzyme, and bicarbonate in patients suspected of having pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:457-61. Elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels were detected in only nine of 25 patients with pancreatic neoplasm. Measurements in pancreatic secretory fluids proved unreliable for differentiating pancreatic neoplasm from benign disorders. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar59. DIMAGNOMALAGELADATAYLORGO EJWV. A prospective comparison of current diagnostic tests for pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:737-42. A prospective comparison of diagnostic tests for detection of pancreatic cancer suggests that the pancreatic secretory function test and ultrasonography are the most helpful. A positive result from either test warrants endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for definitive diagnosis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar60. GOLDSTEINZORNOZAWALLACE HJS. Percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy of pancreatic and other abdominal masses. Radiology. 1977;123:319-22. Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration biopsy of pancreatic masses is reported to be safe and accurate. In selected cases this procedure may obviate the need for surgery to establish a diagnosis and plan treatment. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar61. GRAHAM D. Enzyme replacement therapy of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in man: relation between in vitro enzyme activities and in vivo potency in commercial pancreatic extracts. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:1314-7. Sixteen commercially available pancreatic extracts were assayed for in-vitro enzyme activity and in-vivo potency. Preparations with high lipase activities were Ilozyme, Kuzyme HP, Festal, Cotazym, and Viokase. Enteric coated tablets were less effective. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar62. JOHNSONELLISLEVITT SCM. Mechanism of increased renal clearance of amylase/creatinine in acute pancreatitis. N Engl J Med. 1976;295:1214-7. A reversible renal tubular defect reduces amylase reabsorption and apparently accounts for elevated renal clearance of amylase-creatinine observed in acute pancreatitis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar63. KELLY T. Gallstone pancreatitis: pathophysiology. Surgery. 1976;80:488-92. One of several reports showing fecal gallstone recovery in a high percentage of patients with gallstone pancreatitis, suggesting that the pathophysiologic findings relate to temporary ampullary impaction of migrating stones. MedlineGoogle Scholar64. LEVITTJOHNSON MS. Clinical trends and topics: is the CAm/CCr ratio of value for the diagnosis of pancreatitis? Gastroenterology. 1978;75:118-9. A critical review of available evidence suggests that the CAm/CCr ratio of the renal clearance of amylase relative to creatinine may be elevated in any condition with defective tubular reabsorption of protein. Thus, an elevated CAm/CCr ratio is not specific for acute pancreatitis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar65. REGANMALAGELADADIMAGNOGLANZMANGO PJESV. Comparative effects of antacids, cimetidine and enteric coating on the therapeutic response to oral enzymes in severe pancreatic insufficiency. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:854-8. Combined therapy with cimetidine and pancreatic extract resulted in higher duodenal enzyme recoveries and less steatorrhea than with pancreatin alone. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar66. ROLLERMALLORYCARUTHERSSCHAEFER RASJ. Oral cholecystography after alcoholic pancreatitis. Gastroenterology. 1977; 73:218-20. Oral cholecystography done after resumption of a solid diet and before hospital discharge was usually successful in opacifying the gallbladder of nonjaundiced patients with acute pancreatitis not caused by gallstones. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar67. ROVNERWESTCOTT AJ. Pulmonary edema and respiratory insufficiency in acute pancreatitis. Radiology. 1976;118:513-20. Discussion of probable mechanisms of cardiorespiratory failure in acute pancreatitis, with emphasis on the importance of early aggressive management in preventing the development of irreversible respiratory failure. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar68. BOYER J. Chronic hepatitis—a perspective on classification and determinants of prognosis. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:1161-71. Discussion of the pathologic findings, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis, with emphasis on the importance of clinical severity of the disease and of bridging necrosis in deciding on therapy. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar69. CARTWRIGHT G. Diagnosis of treatable Wilson's disease. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:1347-50. Crisp discussion of the varied modes of presentation of early Wilson's disease. It may be manifest as neurologic dysfunction, psychiatric disease, liver disease, hemolysis, or some combination of these, or may be asymptomatic initially. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar70. CZAJASUMMERSKILL AW. Chronic hepatitis: to treat or not to treat? Med Clin North Am. 1978;62:71-85. The current status of treatment of chronic hepatitis, including such factors as clinical severity of the disease, histologic findings of the liver, HBsAg status, and the presence of medical contraindications such as diabetes and severe osteoporosis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar71. EDWARDSCARROLLBRAYCARTWRIGHT CMPG. Hereditary hemochromatosis: diagnosis in siblings and children. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:7-13. Estimating transferrin saturation, serum iron level, and especially liver iron level provide the best indexes of early hereditary hemochromatosis. Urinary iron output and ferritin levels estimate total body iron stores and may be normal in early iron overload. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar72. ELIASHAMLYNJAIN EAS. A randomized trial of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography with the Chiba needle versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for bile duct visualization in jaundice. Gastroenterology. 1976;71:439-43. Analysis of the relative benefits and risks of these two procedures. The Chiba needle is favored with high-grade obstruction and absence of hemostatic problems, and retrograde cholangiography is favored when obstruction is low-grade. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar73. FAYTANNORONCORONIEDWARDSMOSLEYREDEKER OHMVJA. Prognostic implications of the e antigen of hepatitis B virus. JAMA. 1977;238:2501-3. The clinical prognostic value of e antigen in serum of patients with HBsAg-positive viral hepatitis is analyzed. Predictions were erroneous in 65% of positive cases but only in 6% of negative cases. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar74. FEINSTONEPURCELL SR. Non-A, Non-B hepatitis. Annu Rev Med. 1978;29:359-66. Post-transfusional hepatitis in about 90% of cases is due to non-A, non-B hepatitis. This hepatitis is worldwide in distribution, clinically resembles type B more than type A hepatitis, and may lead to chronic hepatitis. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar75. HINDMANGRAVELLEMURPHYBRADLEYBUDGEMAYNARD SCBDWJ. "e" antigen, Dane particles, and serum DNA polymerase activity in HBsAg carriers. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:458-60. Data show a correlation among the presence of e antigen, Dane particles, and serum DNA polymerase implying that the presence of e antigen connotes infectivity. LinkGoogle Scholar76. LAPISORLANDOMITTELSTAEDTSTAAB JRCE. Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:61-3. Careful assessment of the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction. Presence of dilated intrahepatic ducts implies extrahepatic obstruction, but nonvisualization of duct dilatation does not rule it out. LinkGoogle Scholar77. MADDREYBOITNOTT WJ. Drug-induced chronic liver disease. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:1348-53. Discussion of the clinical aspects of drug-induced hepatic damage that may lead to chronic liver disease. The drugs discussed are oxyphenisatin, isoniazid, methyldopa, halothane, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, propylthiouracil, aspirin, and the phenothiazines. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar78. REDEKERMOSLEYGOCKEMCKEEPOLLACK AJDAW. Hepatitis B immune globulin as a prophylactic measure for spouses exposed to acute type B hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 1975;293:1055-9. Demonstration of the benefit of hyperimmune gamma globulin versus "placebo" in the prevention of type B hepatitis in exposed spouses. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar79. SCHMID R. Bilirubin metabolism: state of the art. Gastroenterology 1978;74:1307-12. Up-to-date, in-depth discussion of normal bilirubin metabolism. The new concepts presented are intramolecular hydrogen bonding of unconjugated bilirubin and the possible sites of bilirubin conjugation in the hepatocyte. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar80. SEEFFWRIGHTZIMMERMAN LEH. Type B hepatitis after needle-stick exposure: prevention with hepatitis B immune globulin: final report of the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. Ann Intern Med. 1978;88:285-93. Hyperimmune gamma globulin was significantly better in preventing type B hepatitis than globulin with virtually no antibody to hepatitis B. LinkGoogle Scholar81. SOLOWAYTROTMANOSTROW RBJ. Pigment gallstones. Gastroenterology. 1977;72:167-82. Consideration in depth of the clinical aspects, pathogenesis, and treatment of pigment gallstones. Fifty per cent of pigment stones are radio-opaque. Of the various possible mechanisms—such as hemolysis, bacterial hydrolysis of the bilirubin—none have been proved in the United States. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar82. THISTLEHOFMANNOTTSTEPHENS JABD. Chenotherapy for gallstone dissolution: I. Efficacy and safety. JAMA. 1978;239:1041-6. Up-to-date summary of clinical experience with the chemical treatment of gallstones. In patients receiving 15 mg/kg · d of chenodeoxycholic acid, response was 83%, but in those with large solitary stones and stones in gallbladders that visualized poorly on oral cholecystography, response was poor. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Norton J. Greenberger, M.D., Chairman; Allan R. Cooke, M.D.; Walter P. Dyck, M.D.; Raj K. Goyal, M.D.; Arvey I. Rogers, M.D.; Steven Schenker, M.D.; and Elliot Weser, M.D.†Computer literature-file of the National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, consulted through the Regional Medical Library service Library of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, with the technical assistance of Ruthanne Henner. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMedical care and the postsophomore fellowship year 1 November 1979Volume 91, Issue 5Page: 799-803KeywordsComputersLibraries ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...