tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kate Harnden, Colin Pease, Andrew Jackson
Journal: BMJ (2016)

#### What you need to know A 43 year old woman with six weeks of bilateral wrist pain is diagnosed with repetitive strain injury. Five weeks later, she returns with worsening pain. On further questioning, she reports increasing fatigue and two hours of morning stiffness in her hands. Examination reveals bilateral wrist and metacarpophalangeal joint swelling. She is referred to a rheumatologist, who diagnoses rheumatoid arthritis and initiates treatment. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune, polyarticular arthritis characterised by progressive joint destruction and deformity, usually of peripheral joints (box 1). Its cause is unknown, and extra-articular organ involvement such as interstitial lung disease and Sjögrens syndrome may occur. Appropriate early therapy improves symptoms, function, and mortality, and may reduce comorbidities. #### Box 1: How common is rheumatoid arthritis?
Verapamil and PSVT.
Authors: E G Abinader, A Berger
Journal: Circulation (1979)

This paper reports observations of circulating catecholamines in normal and pulmonary hypertensive patients.The authors found that while transpulmonary extraction was reduced from a normal value of about 25% to 0, the endogenous circulating values for norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and dopamine were unchanged in patients with pulmonary hypertension.This observation is directly contradictory to that of O'Neill et al. (Surgery 84: 140, 1978), who found elevations in pulmonary artery NE and epinephrine E in patients with pulmonary venous or arterial hypertension.Sole et al. reported that patients with normal pulmo-
Frictional dermatitis of Onan
Authors: J. L. Jorizzo
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We wish to report a heretofore unlabelled condition that we believe to be a not rare male affliction. Five men, aged 22 to 40 years, were seen at the dermatology clinic at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, over a four-month period in late 1982 with a distinctive penile dermatitis that we attributed to masturbation. In each case, patients complained of a pruritic penile eruption of one to three weeks' duration. Physical examinations disclosed subacute to chronic eczema on the penile corona and, in one patient, shaft. A linear distribution of lesions suggested an exogenous origin for the dermatitis. In more chronic cases, lichenification and hyperpigmentation were appreciated. Evaluation included exclusion by history of causes of penile allergic contact dermatitis,<sup>1</sup>potassium hydroxide preparation to exclude candidosis, Gram's stain to exclude bacterial infection, and a VDRL test. History and complete cutaneous examination did not support diagnoses
Radiologic aspects of renovascular hypertension. 1. Aims and methods of the radiology study group
Authors: J. J. Bookstein
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The Radiology Study Group of the Cooperative Study of Renovascular Hypertension was concerned with all aspects of technique and interpretation of the intravenous urogram and the arteriogram. The major urographic features, kidney length, calyceal appearance time, and concentration of contrast medium, as well as minor features (ureteral notching, kidney width, calyceal length, radiographic density, calyceal and pelvic configuration, parenchymal length, decreased pyelocalyceal size and renal ptosis) were defined and evaluated. Arteriographic evaluation included the type and volume of contrast agent, route of administration, and complications. The number of renal arteries and degree of stenosis evaluation included poststenotic dilatation; segmental or supplemental renal artery stenosis; the etiology of the stenosis; presence of collateral vessels; renal length, width, and cortical thickness; cortical defects; and nephrosclerosis. Intraobserver and interobserver discrepancies were discussed.
Macrocytosis
Authors: JOSEPH A. LIBNOCH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1973MacrocytosisJOSEPH A. LIBNOCH, M.D.JOSEPH A. LIBNOCH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-3-456 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The demonstration by McPhedran and colleagues (1) that half of all patients with significant macrocytosis have a deficiency of vitamin B12or folate, or both, indicates the importance of scrutinizing the erythrocyte indexes recorded by the Coulter Counter, even when there are reasonably satisfactory hemoglobin levels. But the assignment by the authors of another quarter of their 100 patients to the categories of macrocytosis with liver disease and alcoholism tends to perpetuate the concept that macrocytosis with liver disease is a distinct etiologic entity. The thin macrocyte of liver disease seems to be a legitimate entity,...References References References Reference1. MCPHEDRANBARNESWEINSTEIN PMJ: Interpretation of electronically determined macrocytosis. Ann Intern Med 78:677-683, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar2. KILBRIDGEHELLER TP: Determinants of erythrocyte size in chronic liver disease. Blood 34:739-746, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. CHANARIN I: The Megaloblastic Anemias. Philadelphia, F. A. Davis, 1969, p. 891 Google Scholar2. BINGHAM J: The macrocytosis of hepatic disease. II. Thick macrocytosis. Blood 15:244-254, 1960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WATERSWITHEYKILPATRICK WJG: Serum vitamin B12, concentrations in the general population: a ten-year follow-up. Br J Haematol 20:521-526, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HERBERT V: Experimental nutritional folate deficiency in man. Trans Assoc Am Physicians 75:307-320, 1962 MedlineGoogle Scholar1. LAMBERTMORRIS RJ: Red cell size and air composition. Br Med J 2:706, 1971 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. OKUNO T: Red cell size and age. Br Med J 1:569-570, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SPRIGGSSLADDEN AR: The influence of age on red cell diameter. J Clin Pathol 11:53-55, 1958 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WALTON R: Smoking and alcoholism: a brief report. Am J Psychiatry 128:1455-1456, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. HATTERSLEY P: Macrocytosis of the erythrocytes. JAMA 189: 997-999, 1964 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1973Volume 79, Issue 3Page: 456-458KeywordsAlcoholismFolic acidHemoglobinLiver diseases Issue Published: 1 September 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE APPENDIX VERMIFORMIS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pleural Fluid Complement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Authors: Gene G. Hunder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Pleural Fluid Complement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis.Gene G. Hunder, M.D., Frederic C. McDuffie, M.D., Norman G. G. Hepper, M.D.Gene G. Hunder, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Frederic C. McDuffie, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Norman G. G. Hepper, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-841_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptComplement values in synovial fluids are low in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This finding has been helpful in the diagnosis of these conditions and suggests that immunologic mechanisms are important in the pathogenesis of the synovitis. To extend this finding to pleural involvement in these diseases, complement determinations were made on pleural fluids from four patients with SLE and five with RA and also from 22 patients with malignant disease involving the chest, three with congestive heart failure (CHF), and two with pulmonary embolism (PE). The means (range) values for complement, components, and total... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, Minn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEtiology and Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 841-842KeywordsCongestive heart failureHeart diseasesHeart failureLupus erythematosusPathogenesisPulmonary diseasesPulmonary embolismRheumatoid arthritisSynovial fluidThorax Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Physiology of the Neurotrophins
Authors: G. R. Lewin
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1996)

The neurotrophins are a small group of dimeric proteins that profoundly affect the development of the nervous system of vertebrates. Recent studies have established clear correlations between the survival requirements for different neurotrophins of functionally distinct subsets of sensory neurons. The biological role of the neurotrophins is not limited to the prevention of programmed cell death of specific groups of neurons during development. Neurotrophin-3 in particular seems to act on neurons well before the period of target innervation and of normally occuning cell death. In animals lacking functional neurotrophin or receptor genes, neuronal numbers do not seem to be massively reduced in the CNS, unlike in the PNS. Finally, rapid actions of neurotrophins on synaptic efficacy, as well as the regulation of their mRNAs by electrical activity, suggest that neurotrophins might play important roles in regulating neuronal connectivity in the developing and in the adult central nervous system.
The potential economic impact of the 21-gene recurrence score–guided chemotherapy in a population-based cohort with node-negative and node-positive early-stage breast cancer.
Authors: N. W. Lamond, C. Skedgel, D. Rayson, L. Lethbridge, T. Younis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e16520 Background: The 21-gene recurrence score (Oncotype DX: RS) appears to augment clinical-pathological prognostication and predicts adjuvant chemotherapy (chemo) benefits in patients with node-negative (N-) and node-positive (N+) hormone-receptor positive early-stage breast cancer. Economic analyses suggest that RS-guided chemo is a cost-effective strategy in N- breast cancer, but no evaluations were reported for N+ disease based on pre RS chemo utilization in clinical practice. We examined the cost-utility (CU) of a RS-guided chemo strategy, compared to current practice without RS in a population based cohort, in N- and N+ early-stage breast cancer. Methods: A generic state-transition model was developed to compute cumulative costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) over a 25-year horizon for patients with hormone-receptor positive early-stage breast cancer considered for chemo. We examined outcomes with and without chemo in RS-untested cohorts and in those with low, intermediate and high RS based on the reported prognostic and predictive impact of the RS. Chemo utilizations (current vs RS-guided), costs and utilities were derived from a Nova Scotia population based cohort, local resources and the literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for key model assumptions / parameters. Results: RS-guided chemo strategy is associated with incremental costs and QALY gains compared to chemo with no RS testing in both N- and N+ patients, with resultant CU ratios well below commonly quoted thresholds. CU estimates were more favourable in patients with N- relative to N+ disease, and were most sensitive to RS-distribution, upfront chemo costs, chemo utilization rates and relative benefits of chemo in various RS-strata. Conclusions: RS-guided chemo in a population based cohort appears to be a cost-effective strategy, compared to chemo with no RS testing, in N- and N+ early-stage breast cancer.
Incorrect Data and Omission of Trial Site and Personnel in: Effects of Tamoxifen vs Raloxifene on the Risk of Developing Invasive Breast Cancer and Other Disease Outcomes: The NSABP Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) P-2 Trial
Authors: Robert Harrington, John Alexander, Judith Hochman, Harmony Reynolds, Vladimir Dzavik, Frans Van De Werf
Journal: JAMA (2007)
JAPAN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Overexpression of c-met protooncogene product and raised Ki67 index in hepatocellular carcinomas with respect to benign liver conditions*1
Authors: W GRIGIONI
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The c-met protooncogene encodes a 190-kd transmembrane tyrosine kinase. This molecule is the receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is an important mitogen for hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo. In experimental models, the c-met transcripts appeared strongly expressed by actively proliferating oval cells (OCs). We evaluated the phenotypic modulation of the c-met protooncogene product (c-met pp), in 10 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), 5 focal nodular hyperplasias (FNHs), 4 cases of fulminant hepatitis (FH), and 1 regenerated liver, selected to include the different biological states of hepatocyte (mature normal hepatocytes, transformed ones, and OCs). The supposed mitogenic effect of HGF was analyzed by comparing c-met pp overexpression with the Ki67 index, whereas anti-OV-6 antibody was used for comparison with the presence of OCs. The anti-c-met pp showed a typical plasma membrane-specific staining in all cases. The signal was much stronger in the HCCs than in the benign conditions. The anti-OV-6 monoclonal antibody showed positive immunostaining in many of the cells expressing c-met pp. The percentage of Ki67+ nuclei in high-grade HCCs paralleled c-met protooncogene overexpression. The c-met pp in OV-6+ cells suggests that the paracrine mechanism postulated in experimental models could also apply to human liver.
Infographic. The effects of frequency, intensity, duration and volume of walking interventions on CVD risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of randomised controlled trials among inactive healthy adults
Authors: Pekka Oja, Chloë Williamson, Paul Kelly, Elaine M Murtagh, Marie H Murphy, Charlie Foster, Sylvia Titze
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2019)

Objective.Walking interventions in healthy populations show clinically relevant improvements for many cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.We aimed to assess the changes in CVD risk factors and the dose-response relationship between frequency, intensity, duration and volume of walking based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Design.A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.Data sources.Four electronic databases searched from January 1971 to April 2017.Eligibility criteria.Walking RCTs reporting one or more CVD risk factor outcomes; trials including at least one group with walking intervention and a no-walking control group; duration ≥8 weeks; participants ≥18 years old, inactive but healthy; risk factors assessed pre-and post-intervention; English language articles in peer-reviewed journals.Results.Thirty-seven RCTs, involving 2001 participants (81% women), and assessing 13 CVD risk factors were identified.Pooled meta-analysis showed favorable effects (p≤0.05) of walking intervention for seven CVD risk factors (body mass, BMI, body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose, and VO2max).There were no significant effects (p>0.05) for waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and four blood lipid variables.Despite testing 91 possible dose-response relationships, linear meta-regression analysis adjusted for age indicated just 7 (or 7.7%) statistically significant findings.Summary/conclusion.Walking interventions benefit a number of CVD risk factors.Despite multiple studies and tested metrics only a few dose-response relationships were identified and the possibility of chance findings cannot be ruled out.There is insufficient evidence to quantify the frequency, length, bout duration, intensity, and volume of the walking required to improve CVD risk factors.
Influence of Homicide on Racial Disparity in Life Expectancy—United States, 1998
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Life expectancy (LE) is an important indicator of the health of populations. Since the early 1900s, when estimates of LE began to be tabulated in the United States, the LE of blacks has been lower than that of whites (1). Homicide, which disproportionately affects blacks, particularly young males, contributes to this difference in LE. To examine the associations between homicide, LE, and race, CDC analyzed 1998 mortality files from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicate, that in 1998, the LE for blacks was approximately 6 years shorter than for whites and that, after heart disease and cancer, homicide was the next largest contributor to the 6-year discrepancy. Violence prevention strategies (e.g., programs for youth offenders) have been implemented for the general population. More research is needed to determine an approach to target the male black population and to reduce LE disparity.
5-Fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) in poor prognosis patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: C. Tournigand, T. Andre, I. Chirivella, A. Figer, G. Lledo, M. Flesch, J. R. Mel Lorenzo, E. Achille, B. Landi, M. Hebbar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3565
PARTURITION
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Figure Caption
Authors: Sommer Gentry, Ryutaro Hirose, David Mulligan
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Emily B. Devine, PhD, PharmD, MBA; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho, MD, MSc, PhD; N. David Yanez, PhD; Todd C. Edwards, PhD; Donald L Patrick, PhD, MSPH; Cheryl A. L. Armstrong, RN, MPH; Allison Devlin, MS; Rebecca G. Symons, MPH; Mark H. Meissner, MD; Ellen L. T. Derrick, MD, MPH; Danielle C. Lavallee, PhD, PharmD; Larry G. Kessler, ScD; David R. Flum, MD, MPH; for the Comparative Effectiveness Research Translation Network (CERTAIN) Collaborative
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Copenhagen
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal