tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CORRECTION
Authors: S Furukawa, S Yasuda, O Amengual, T Horita, T Atsumi, T Koike
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

profiles (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol), vWF activity, TM, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and P-selectin were measured on days 0 and 56.Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis.Values of p,0.05 were regarded as significant.Data before pravastatin treatment were compared between the patient groups and the healthy control group.vWF, TM, TAT, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 were significantly increased in the patient groups compared with the healthy controls (fig 1).Before pravastatin administration, no significant difference was found in any measures between the pravastatin group and non-pravastatin group.In the pravastatin group, plasma activity of vWF and TAT on day 56 were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment (table 1).vWF activity in the pravastatin group was significantly lower than in the non-treatment group (p = 0.024) on day 56.During the follow up period, low dose pravastatin did not have significant effect on the other measures, including lipid profiles.vWF is synthesised by endothelial cells and its secretion is triggered by inflammatory/thrombotic mediators, thus establishing it as a marker of endothelial activation/injury.Although TAT is not a generally accepted marker of endothelial injury, it reflects thrombin generation induced by endothelial perturbation.Statins induce an increment in plasminogen activator synthesis and release, a decrease in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity and endothelin-1 expression, and an up regulation of nitric oxide synthase, thus diminishing procoagulant activity and vasoconstriction. 7 8 In this pilot study, we have shown that low dose pravastatin reduces plasma vWF activity and TAT without affecting lipid profiles and has a protective effect against perturbation of endothelial cells, leading to some beneficial effects in the affected patients.
Liver Disease
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hospital utilization reviews
Authors: E. McClenahan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Pre-Medicare utilization may be compared and contrasted with post-Medicare utilization: The basic concept of pre-Medicare utilization is physician education, while post-Medicare utilization reviews have as their basis an act of Congress making these reviews mandatory by those rendering service. One applies to care rendered to persons of all ages, the other only to care given those over 65 years of age. One is based, more or less, on an honorary system, the other on a law. It is most unfortunate that the same title has been applied to both, for it is possible that one can destroy the beneficial effects of the other. It is hoped that post-Medicare utilization reviews will be able to incorporate the benefits of pre-Medicare utilization measures. There is little doubt that it is basically correct that decisions relative to admissions, stay rates, and discharge policies are unavoidable, when one recognizes that third parties are paying
Pressure Ulcers
Authors: Dan R. Berlowitz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We were encouraged to note that the data of Brandeis et al<sup>1</sup>obtained from a large sample of community nursing homes support many of our observations<sup>2,3</sup>on pressure ulcers made at one chronic care hospital. We were concerned, however, with a misinterpretation of our data that is cited several times in their text. The 10.8% incidence rate reported in our studies represents pressure ulcers developing within 3 weeks of admission, not 13 months. The 13-month period referred to in our works is the time span during which our admission cohort was collected. We cannot be certain what the incidence rate of pressure ulcers would be in our sample if we only looked at 3-month or 1-year data. Many of the ulcers present at 3 weeks following admission would not have been noted at 3 months due to patient death or healing of the ulcer. It
The Nephrotoxicity of Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Gerald B. Appel, Harold C. Neu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The SulfonamidesCrystallization leading to obstructive nephropathy, allergic and hypersensitivity reactions, precipitation of hemoglobin casts secondary to drug-induced hemolysis and an intrinsic toxic effect have all been reported as secondary to sulfonamide therapy. Although the frequency of nephrotoxicity due to sulfonamides has markedly decreased, this class of drugs remains potentially dangerous to the kidney.Sulfonamides are partly filtered, partly reabsorbed and secreted, depending on the nature of the individual drugs.218 Solubility in the urine depends on the drug concentration (a function of the plasma concentration and state of hydration of the patient), the urinary pH and temperature and the intrinsic . . .
Book Review The Practice of Contraception. An International Symposium and Survey . Edited by Margaret Sanger and Hannah M. Stone, M.D., with a Foreword by Robert L. Dickinson, M.D. From the Proceedings of the Seventh International Birth Control Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, September, 1930. Published by The Williams &amp; Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1931. 316 pages. Price $4.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1932)
Seven days of ceftriaxone therapy is as effective as ten days' treatment for bacterial meningitis
Authors: T. Y. Lin
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Seventy-nine children were enrolled in a study to compare seven vs ten days of ceftriaxone therapy for bacterial meningitis. On the basis of a computer-generated list of therapy assignments, 35 children with<i>Haemophilus</i>, pneumococcal, or group B streptococcal meningitis each were assigned to seven- or ten-day treatment regimens; nine children with meningococcal meningitis received seven days of therapy. The population characteristics and etiologic agents were similar for the two treatment groups, as were also the findings on examination and culture of cerebrospinal fluid at completion of therapy. There were no significant differences in the frequency and types of neurological complications between the two treatment groups; four patients in each group had two or more neurological abnormalities. The rates of nosocomial infections and prolonged and secondary fever were similar in those who received seven days of therapy compared with patients treated for the conventional ten days. Diarrhea occurred in 44% of those receiving the drug. Patients treated with the seven-day regimen were discharged from the hospital approximately two days earlier than those with the ten-day regimen. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:3559-3563)
Practical Pediatric Imaging: Diagnostic Radiology of Infants and Children
Authors: Jeremiah Kelleher
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This, the second edition of Donald Kirks' text of pediatric radiology, has grown and matured to over 1000 pages. It has also fundamentally changed to become a multiauthor tome with contributions from eight well-known pediatric radiologists other than the eponymous Dr Kirks. Overall it remains a very traditional textbook, subdivided into seven anatomical sections. In general, these subject areas are well treated with some segments of outstanding clarity. In particular, there is excellent coverage of developmental anomalies of the central nervous system, normal variation in the skeletal system, surgical therapy for congenital cardiac defects, and the genitourinary system. There is little that is new, but all these complex areas are updated and brought together in a useful and accessible way. Throughout, great emphasis is laid on the practical aspects of obtaining the best quality images with the least trauma to the young patient. In this context the introductory chapter on
Complications of Ventriculovenous Shunts
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase I study combining treatment with temsirolimus and sunitinib malate in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: P. Fischer, P. Patel, M. A. Carducci, D. F. McDermott, G. R. Hudes, G. M. Lubiniecki, M. S. Gelder, P. Senico, R. E. Curiel, R. J. Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16020 Background: Concurrent targeting of parallel signaling pathways may improve the efficacy of anticancer agents and abrogate resistance mechanisms. Temsirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, significantly prolongs overall survival (OS) (P=.008) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P<.001) vs interferon alfa (IFN) in patients with previously untreated, advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and poor-risk features (Hudes et al. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2271). Sunitinib, a multikinase inhibitor, significantly prolongs PFS vs IFN (P<.001) in patients with previously untreated RCC (Motzer et al. N Engl J Med 2007;356). This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of temsirolimus in combination with sunitinib in patients with advanced RCC. Methods: The objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose. Eligibility included advanced RCC and up to 2 prior systemic regimens. At the starting dose, temsirolimus 15 mg was administered by intravenous (IV) infusion once weekly, and sunitinib 25 mg was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week rest period. Results: In the first cohort, dose-limiting toxicities were observed in 2 of 3 patients (2 men, 1 woman). One patient experienced rash (erythematous; groin) that was initially grade 2 but escalated during week 3 to grade 3 (erythematous, acneform; groin and axillary) and led to treatment discontinuation. A second patient had grade 3 thrombocytopenia (platelet count 48,000/μL), cellulitis, and gout during week 3. This patient was hospitalized (3 days) for gout and cellulitis, which resolved; platelets recovered to 109,000/μL on the day of discharge. A third patient experienced rash, asthenia, diarrhea, stomatitis, constipation, fever, and rectal hemorrhage, all of which were mild in severity. The study was terminated because of substantial toxicity observed at low starting doses of both agents. Conclusion: Concomitant use of IV temsirolimus 15 mg weekly and oral sunitinib 25 mg daily (4 weeks on, 2 weeks off) is not recommended. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Wyeth Wyeth Pfizer Oncology, Wyeth
Regression of Feline Sarcoma Virus-Induced Sarcomas in Dogs. II. Immunologic Investigations&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D O Slauson, B I Osburn, M Shifrine, D L Dungworth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The serial development of cell-mediated immunity (CMI), cytotoxic antibody activity, serum blocking activity, and virus-neutralizing antibody levels were monitored in vitro for beagle and mongrel puppies inoculated with feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) and were compared to in vivo histologic markers of regression of induced sarcomas. CMI developed rapidly and maintained a high level of in vitro activity throughout the tumor life-span. Cytotoxic antibody levels similarly rose rapidly to peak just before clinically detectable regression and then declined during most of the regression sequence. This suggested antibody fixation at the tumor site, correlating with the histologic finding of focal necrosis and neutrophilic infiltrates. Inactivation of antibody by circulating antigen with subsequent immune complex formation was a possibility. Levels of virus-neutralizing antibody in sera paralleled those of cytotoxic antibody; their relationship in the circulation was not clear, but each related to virus-determined antigenic specificities. Serum blocking activity rose rapidly, leveled off during most of the tumor life-span, and rose slightly during the last stages of regression. This partly explained the lack of in vivo tumor lymphoid infiltrates to correlate with the striking in vitro CMI. Blocking activity was also present, however, when lymphoid infiltrates were seen histologically. Thus in vitro-in vivo correlation was best for cytotoxic antibody, which suggested that antigen-antibody reactions involving neutrophil-mediated regression sequences were important in effecting tumor-cell destruction.
Restoration of LDL receptor function in cells from patients with autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia by retroviral expression of ARH1
Authors: Emily R. Eden, Dilipkumar D. Patel, Xi-Ming Sun, Jemima J. Burden, Michael Themis, Matthew Edwards, Philip Lee, Clare Neuwirth, Rossitza P. Naoumova, Anne K. Soutar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominant disorder with a gene-dosage effect that is usually caused by mutations in the LDL receptor gene that disrupt normal clearance of LDL. In the homozygous form, it results in a distinctive clinical phenotype, characterized by inherited hypercholesterolemia, cholesterol deposition in tendons, and severe premature coronary disease. We described previously two families with autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia that is not due to mutations in the LDL receptor gene but is characterized by defective LDL receptor–dependent internalization and degradation of LDL by transformed lymphocytes from the patients. We mapped the defective gene to chromosome 1p36 and now show that the disorder in these and a third English family is due to novel mutations in ARH1, a newly identified gene encoding an adaptor-like protein. Cultured skin fibroblasts from affected individuals exhibit normal LDL receptor activity, but their monocyte-derived macrophages are similar to transformed lymphocytes, being unable to internalize and degrade LDL. Retroviral expression of normal human ARH1 restores LDL receptor internalization in transformed lymphocytes from an affected individual, as demonstrated by uptake and degradation of 125I-labeled LDL and confocal microscopy of cells labeled with anti–LDL-receptor Ab.
Women may not be receiving most effective pacemakers
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Some small for gestational age fetuses have higher risk of late fetal death than othersIn small for gestational age fetuses, without congenital malformations, constitutionally small fetuses-for example twins or the fetuses of short mothers-have been assumed to at lower risk of late fetal death than fetuses affected by conditions such as pre-eclampsia or cigarette consumption.Cnattingius et al (p 1483) tested that assumption in over 1 million births in the Swedish birth register.Overall, late fetal mortality was increased in women who were over 35, nulliparous, smoked, or were <155 cm tall and greatly increased in those with pre-eclampsia, essential hypertension, and twin pregnancies.But in very small for gestational age fetuses death rates were lower in women aged under 35, <155 cm tall, with twins, or with severe eclampsia or hypertension.
A NEGLECTED PHASE OF ENURESIS NOCTURNA.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GENERAL INFECTION WITH BACILLUS INFLUENZAE.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metallo-β-lactamases among Enterobacteriaceae from routine samples in an Italian tertiary care hospital and long-term care facilities during 2008
Authors: Richard Aschbacher, Leonardo Pagani, Michel Doumith, Rachel Pike, Neil Woodford, Greta Spoladore, Clara Larcher, David M Livermore
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)

The emergence of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a serious public health concern. Producers have been repeatedly isolated from patients and long-term care facility (LTCF) residents around Bolzano, and we sought to assess their prevalence and clinical impact. All routine Enterobacteriaceae isolates from a Bolzano tertiary-care hospital and associated long-term care facilities in 2008 (n = 5500) were screened for MBLs, with case details reviewed for the source patients. In total, 36 producers were obtained from 29 patients, comprising 14 Escherichia coli, six Klebsiella pneumoniae, four Klebsiella oxytoca, four Citrobacter freundii, two Enterobacter cloacae and two Morganella morganii, as well as single Citrobacter amalonaticus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii and Proteus mirabilis isolates. All were PCR-positive for blaVIM and 25 were PCR-positive for qnrS; 19 non-K. pneumoniae had blaSHV and one had blaCTX-M-group1; 13 were from 12 LTCF residents and 23 were from 17 acute-care patients. All these patients had serious underlying diseases with prolonged hospitalization or LTCF stay; only seven had infections due to the MBL producers, comprising four urinary tract infections, two catheter-related bloodstream infections and one patient with both a surgical site infection and pneumonia. Five patients had more than one MBL-producing organism. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified a cluster of six related E. coli, whereas pairs of K. pneumoniae and C. freundii isolates had >85% profile similarity. Transformants prepared from two isolates were shown to be PCR-positive for blaVIM, qnrS and blaSHV; their plasmids gave similar restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns, and blaVIM-1, qnrSI and blaSHV-12 were detected by sequencing.
Diagnostic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: M. Häfner, R. Schöfl
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Although diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been replaced in many fields by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), considerable amounts of research are still ongoing. Major fields of interest include ways of reducing the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis, new ways of improving the yield of tissue sampling, and the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. In addition, there are new data comparing the diagnostic accuracy of ERCP with that of MRCP and endoscopic ultrasonography.
State-Specific Prevalence Among Adults of Current Cigarette Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Use and Per Capita Tax-Paid Sales of Cigarettes—United States, 1997
Journal: JAMA (1999)

In the United States each year, tobacco use causes approximately 400,000 deaths and is the single most preventable cause of death and disease. Consequently, state and local public health agencies closely monitor tobacco use and its correlates. In 1996, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking among adults was the first health behavior and the first noninfectious condition added by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) to the list of nationally notifiable conditions reported to CDC. In 1998, per capita sales of cigarettes (along with prevalence among youth of current cigarette smoking and current smokeless tobacco use) was added by CSTE to the list of notifiable conditions reported by states to CDC. This report summarizes state-specific findings for current cigarette and current smokeless tobacco use by adults from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and number of packs of tax-paid cigarettes sold per capita in each state from data compiled annually by The Tobacco Institute. The findings indicate that current adult cigarette smoking prevalence by state ranged from 13.7% to 30.8%, annual per capita tax-paid cigarette sales ranged from 49.1 packs to 186.8 packs, and adult smokeless tobacco use prevalence ranged from 1.4% to 8.8%.