tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aspergillus oryzae meningitis
Authors: M. A. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In a patient with only meningitis, a septate hypha was seen in a Langhans giant cell, and the rarely pathogenic<i>Aspergillus oryzae</i>was cultured from the cerebrospinal fluid. Serologic results confirmed the diagnosis. The patient responded to therapy with amphotericin B and flucytosine. (<i>JAMA</i>235:2122-2123, 1976)
Government Services
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
Authors: Eric A. Wulfsberg
Journal: JAMA (1994)

An increasing body of molecular information resulting from advances in basic research is being incorporated into clinical practice by medical genetics. The process by which these research advances progress from the laboratory to the bedside and their medical, social, and legal impact is a topic of intense current interest. Some authors have claimed that new genetic information may lead to discrimination in insurance and employment; change the way courts allocate responsibility for injury and resultant damages; and be inappropriately interpreted by the medical profession. To address some of these issues, we chose, as a model, to review α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency, described over 30 years ago. At this time, such concerns with respect to α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency have not yet been realized, perhaps for the following reasons: (1) knowledge of α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency, while common among geneticists and pulmonologists, has not been well disseminated in the medical community; (2) insurers, employers, lawyers, and judges are not generally aware of the deficiency and its implications; (3) insurers, if they are aware of the deficiency, have not found it cost-effective to screen for the condition; and (4) in the legal context, case law involving other types of preexisting conditions is being applied to genetic predispositions. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:217-222)
A neurological tapestry
Authors: W. C. Gibson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Some time agoThe Journalpublished a description of a modern French tapestry, "Masters of Science," which hangs in the Woodward Biomedical Library of the University of British Columbia.<sup>1</sup>It was designed by Guillonet, and was worked by Roland of the Gobelins staff. Of prime interest to physicians, scientists such as Jenner, Claude Bernard, Pasteur, Roux, Richet, Descartes, and Lavoisier were depicted. Today's issue ofThe Journalfeatures on the cover another handsome product of French genius, by the same designer, "Masters of the Spirit." It was carried out, however, by a different craftsman who, for reasons which will be appreciated later, shall remain anonymous. The fact of the matter is that the man whose work we see today was aged 68 at the time of the creation of this colorful tapestry which measures 16 × 11 feet. It too was commissioned by the postwar patron of the new
Dornblüth Arzneimittel der heutigen Medizin mit therapeutischen Notizen zusammengestellt für praktische Ärzte und Studierende der Medizin.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Instrument or Impediment?
Authors: John Archer
Journal: JAMA (1972)

At least one type of publication becomes important in some way to most writers involved with prescription drugs. I have in mind the monographs addressed to physicians and inserted into drug packages by manufacturers. These documents are technically part of the "labeling" of the respective drugs, and as such, their content is subject to regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Their purported mission is to inform physicians about the properties of the drugs and thus to lead to judicious prescribing practices. During the past decade, they have acquired a mystique that I propose to examine. In addition to labeling, these publications are variously spoken of as "package inserts," "package stuffers," or "full-disclosure statements." I think the term<i>regulatory monograph</i>is a better designation, for reasons to be mentioned. However, that expression could be misleading unless there is an understanding about
"Breakthrough"
Authors: Edward B. Shaw
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I am very much in accord with your review of Breakthrough: The Saga of Jonas Salk (197:668). Lipman's article in Science not only conforms to your own review but, similarly, is a dispassionate estimate of the newsworthiness of this book. The strength of Carter's story is the reportorial skill of the author. He has developed a careful and surprisingly accurate account of all that led up to the vaccines of Salk and Sabin. One must give due credit to his painstaking research in this regard. Although I agree with many of his facts, I cannot subscribe to many of his conclusions which are unsupported by his factual data. It is most unfortunate that he has attempted to resolve a scientific study into the presumption of a power struggle between Salk and Sabin: the conquest of polio, the
Prospective evaluation of patients' preferences of three different regimens in a phase II study of FU, oxaliplatin, mitomycin C and CPT-11 in advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: A. Guglielmi, M. Cirillo, S. Mammoliti, G. Fornarini, C. Caroti, A. Sobrero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3757 Background and methods: We evaluated 53 patients with advanced colorectal cancer within a phase II trial of first line CT consisting of 3 sequential parts: a) MTX (days 1 and 15) l-OHP + FU (days 2 and 16) (200, 85 and 600 mg/m2, respectively ) b) three weeks of continuous infusion FU (200 mg/m2/day) from day 29 to 50 along with mitomycin 7 mg m2 on day 29; c) 3 weekly administrations of CPT-11 at the dose of 125 mg/ m2 on days 57, 64, 71. At the end of the 3 segments (3 months = 1 cycle) the patients were asked to rank the tolerability of the different parts. The same question was repeated at each subsequent cycle. Results: Patients characteristics include: median age 63, median ECOG PS 0, colon primary 40, rectal primary 13. Forty-five patients had one metastatic site only and 8 had more than one metastatic site. The median number of cycles administered was two. There were 4 complete and 28 partial responses for an excellent overall response rate of 61 % (95% C.I. = 52%–64% ). Median PFS was 9 months and median OS 20.4 mo. No toxic deaths occurred. The highest toxicity (WHO) was observed during the third part ( CPT-11 alone ) where 13 % diarrhoea and 13 % haematological toxicity grade III were reported. Thirty-six out of 53 patients were asked about their "preference": the 1st and the 2 nd part of the regimen received the greatest number of preferences, while the 3 rd part ranked last. The remaining 25 % of preferences was distributed between a combination of 1st and 2 nd or 2 nd and 3 rd part(see table). This pattern of distribution was confirmed at the end of the second cycle and correlated with the incidence/intensity of chemotherapy-related toxicity. Conclusions: within a highly active regimen of palliative CT the CPT-11 component appeared not to be as well tolerated as the others, although the timing of data collection might have influenced these results (memory effect). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Use of Biological Assay Systems to Assess the Relative Carcinogenic Hazards of Disinfection By-Products
Authors: R. J. Bull, M. Robinson, J. R. Meier, J. Stober
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Other workers have clearly shown that most, if not all, drinking water in the U.S. contains chemicals that possess mutagenic and/or carcinogenic activity by using bacterial and in vitro methods. In the present work, increased numbers of tumors were observed with samples of organic material isolated from 5 U.S. cities administered as tumor initiators in mouse skin initiation/promotion studies. Only in one case was the result significantly different from control. In studies designed to test whether disinfection practice contributes significantly to the tumor initiating activity found in drinking water mixed results have been obtained. In one experiment, water disinfected by chlorination, ozonation or combined chlorine resulted in a significantly greater number of papillomas when compared to nondisinfected water. In two subsequent experiments, where water was obtained from the Ohio River at different times of the year, no evidence of increased initiating activity was observed with any disinfectant. Analysis of water obtained at the comparable times of the year for total organic halogen, and trihalomethane formation revealed a substantial variation in the formation of these products. Considering the problems such variability poses for estimating risks associated with disinfection by-products, a model system which makes use of commercially obtained humic acid as a substrate for chlorination was investigated using the Ames test. Humic and fulvic acids obtained from two surface waters as well as the commercially obtained humic acid were without activity in TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98 or TA 100 strains of S. typhimurium. Following treatment with a 0.8 molar ratio of chlorine (based on carbon) significant mutagenic activity was observed with all humic and fulvic acid samples. Comparisons of the specific mutagenic activity of the chlorinated products suggests that the commercial material might provide a useful model for studying health hazards associated with disinfection reactions by-products.
Quality improvement guidelines for the treatment of acute pain and cancer pain. American Pain Society Quality of Care Committee
Authors: Mitchell B. Max, Marilee Donovan, Christine A. Miaskowski, Sandra E. Ward, Debra Gordon, Marilyn Bookbinder, Charles S. Cleeland, Nessa Coyle, Margaret Kiss, Howard T. Thaler, Nora Janjan, M. D. Anderson, Sharon Weinstein, W. Thomas Edwards, American Pain Society Quality of Care Committee
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To develop quality improvement (QI) guidelines and programs to improve treatment outcomes for patients with acute pain and cancer pain. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Twenty-four members of the American Pain Society (APS) participated in preparing the statement, including 15 nurses (oncology, general medical-surgical nursing, pediatrics, and QI research), seven physicians (clinical pharmacology, neurology, anesthesiology, radiation oncology, and physiatry), one psychologist, and one statistician. Participants were self-selected from the 3000 members of the APS, which supported the process and held annual open committee meetings and scientific symposia beginning in 1988. <h3>Evidence.</h3> —MEDLINE was searched (1980 to 1995) to identify all articles on pain assessment, treatment of acute pain or cancer pain, and QI or education related to pain. <h3>Consensus Process.</h3> —Following panel discussions, one member (M.B.M.) prepared successive drafts and circulated them to the panel and APS membership for comments. After publication of a prototype version in 1991,14 panelists carried out formal studies of implementation of the guidelines at three medical centers. This article was prepared based on this research, a new literature review, and suggestions from 50 pain clinicians and researchers. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Quality improvement programs to improve treatment of acute pain and cancer pain should include five key elements: (1) Assuring that a report of unrelieved pain raises a "red flag" that attracts clinicians' attention; (2) making information about analgesics convenient where orders are written; (3) promising patients responsive analgesic care and urging them to communicate pain; (4) implementing policies and safeguards for the use of modern analgesic technologies; and (5) coordinating and assessing implementation of these measures. Several short-term studies suggest that this QI approach may improve patient satisfaction and facilitate recognition of institutional obstacles to optimal pain treatment, but it is not a panacea for undertreated pain. By making the magnitude of the problem apparent and committing the institution to change, pain treatment QI programs can provide a foundation for a multifaceted approach that includes education of clinicians and patients, design of informational tools to minimize errors in prescribing, and improved coordination of the process of assessing and treating pain. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1874-1880)
BTS/BLF/BALR young investigators symposium
Authors: T Craig, M Duffy, M Shyamsundar, C O'kane, J Elborn, D Mcauley, M Toshner, M Southwood, R Al-Lamki, L Howard, A Exley, S Stewart, J Pepke-Zaba, N Morrell, S Thavagnanam, J Parker, G Skibinski, L Heaney, M Shields
Journal: Thorax (2009)

Introduction and Objectives There is no effective pharmacological treatment for acute lung injury (ALI).Statins are a potential new therapy as they modify many of the underlying processes important in ALI.The aim of this study was to test whether statins reduce inflammation and improve clinical outcomes in ALI.Methods We conducted a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial in patients with ALI.Patients received 80 mg of simvastatin or placebo for up to 14 days.Measures of pulmonary and non-pulmonary organ function were assessed daily.Pulmonary inflammation was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytokines, and systemic inflammation by plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and cytokines.Data are mean (SD).Results Sixty patients were recruited.Baseline characteristics, including age, gender and severity of illness scores, were similar in both groups.At day 14, the simvastatin-treated group had significant improvements in oxygenation, respiratory mechanics and overall non-pulmonary organ dysfunction (table 1) with improvement in the cardiovascular (p = 0.0001), renal (0.003) and coagulation (p = 0.04) SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) components.At day 14, none of the simvastatin group was receiving vasopressor or inotropes (0% vs 33%; p,0.05).There was a trend to a reduction in renal replacement therapy in the statin group at day 14 (p = 0.09).Intensive care unit mortality was 30% in both the statin and placebo groups.There was no difference in outcome for patients with sepsis-vs non-sepsis-related ALI.Simvastatin 80 mg was well tolerated, with no increase in adverse events.By day 3 compared with baseline, simvastatin decreased BAL interleukin-8 (IL-8) by 2.5-fold (p = 0.04), and IL-6 by 2.9-fold, although this was not significant (p = 0.07); these were unchanged in the placebo group.Plasma CRP decreased in both groups but failed to achieve significance in the placebo-treated group (table 1).There was no decrease in plasma cytokines with simvastatin.Conclusions We have found for the first time that treatment with simvastatin was safe and was associated with improvements in pulmonary and systemic clinical outcomes in ALI.The reduction in pulmonary and systemic inflammatory mediators indicates a potential mechanism for these clinical effects.Phase III trials are warranted to assess the impact of statins in ALI.
The Metabolic Significance Of Mammalian Fatty-Acid-Binding Proteins: Abundant Proteins In Search Of A Function
Authors: D. Sweetser
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1987)

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of intermittent fasting regimens, summarize the evidence on the health benefits of intermittent fasting, and discuss physiological mechanisms by which intermittent fasting might lead to improved ...Read More
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1953)

ANY QUESTIONS'? BRITISm The distinction between the two types depends entirely upon the radiological appearance.The pathological differences show that the walls of the saccules do not contain cartilage, whereas those of the cylindrical type do, but the probability is that a saccule is a dilated terminal bronchiole which does not contain cartilage in its normal state, and in the cylindrical cases dilatation is in the larger bronchi, which, of course, normally contain cartilage.
Amifostine (WR-2721) shortens the engraftment period of 4- hydroperoxycyclophosphamide-purged bone marrow in breast cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow support
Authors: EJ Shpall, SM Stemmer, L Hami, WA Franklin, L Shaw, HS Bonner, SI Bearman, WP Peters, RC Jr Bast, W McCulloch
Journal: Blood (1994)
COMPARISON OF HIGH SHEAR STRESS-INDUCED THROMBOTIC AND THROMBOLYTIC EFFECT BETWEEN ASPIRIN, CLOPIDOGREL AND VERY LOW DOSE RIVAROXABAN AND ASPIRIN, TICAGRELOR TREATMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Minsuk Kim, Kang Si-Hyuk, Jin Joo Park, Young-Seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae, Jung-Won Suh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Vrachebnoe Delo, Kiev
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A randomized 4-arm multicenter study of interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C relapsing after interferon monotherapy
Authors: G Saracco
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

To determine whether a higher dosage of interferon (IFN) and/or a prolonged time of administration may improve the efficacy of combination therapy, we conducted a 4-arm randomized trial on patients with chronic hepatitis C relapsing after 1 or more previous treatment courses with IFN monotherapy. Group A (n = 70) received 3 MU IFN alfa-2b 3 times per week plus ribavirin 1,000 mg/d for 12 months; group B (n = 70) received 5 MU 3 times per week plus ribavirin for 12 months; group C (n = 82) received 3 MU 3 times per week plus ribavirin for 6 months, and group D (n = 73) received 5 MU 3 times per week plus ribavirin for 6 months. The primary end point was the clearance of viremia at the end of 6-month follow-up: test results for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA were negative in 54% of group A, 56% of group B, 40% of group C, and 49% of group D patients (P = NS). Among patients with genotype 1 and 4, the sustained response was significantly higher in groups A and B than in group C (45%, 49% vs. 22%, P = .03; group D = 33%, P = NS). In patients with genotype 2 and 3, the sustained virologic response was not affected by the different regimens (group A = 69%, group B = 68%, group C = 62%, group D = 71%, P = NS). In conclusion, duration of therapy rather than IFN dosage is more important in increasing the sustained virologic rate among HCV-positive patients with genotype 1 and 4 relapsing after IFN monotherapy; patients with genotypes 2 and 3 can be effectively retreated with a 6-month course of combination therapy, avoiding unnecessary side effects and waste of resources. (HEPATOLOGY 2002;36:959-966.)
SECTION OF DERMATOLOGY.
Authors: G C WELLS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1962)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 74, Issue 4 p. 153-157 SECTION OF DERMATOLOGY. First published: April 1962 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13480.xCitations: 5AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume74, Issue4April 1962Pages 153-157 RelatedInformation
MEDICAL AFFAIRS IN THE HEART OF THE ARCTICS.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>Epistaxis.</h3> —During the summer the Eskimos become so plethoric that Nature seeks to give relief by draining away the superfluous blood by hemorrhages from the nose. Epistaxis is a very common complaint in summer. I have frequently observed it, especially in young men who rowed my boat or accompanied me on my hunting trips inland. Any unusual exertion brought on the attacks. Men were more frequently subject to such attacks than women, and, although I could not get any definite information, I surmise that in women Nature relieves the abnormal congestion by increasing the menstrual flow. <h3>Degeneration Diseases.</h3> —The Eskimos in the Arctic region are singularly free from the long list of degenerative diseases which cause so much suffering and cut short the lives of so many victims in civilized life. Commander Peary assured me that he had never seen a case of dropsy or apoplexy among his numerous Eskimo