tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Equivalent bioavailability from digoxin elixir and rapid-dissolution tablets
Authors: D. J. Greenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Eight healthy men each received five different oral digoxin (Lanoxin) preparations in single-dose multicrossover studies. Preparations used were digoxin elixir, two tablets with rapid in vitro dissolution, and two slow-dissolution tablets. Bioavailability was determined from area under the eighthour serum concentration curve and six-day cumulative urinary excretion of digoxin. There was no significant difference in bioavailability among elixir and rapid-dissolution tablets. Slow-dissolution tablets were less bioavailable than the other three preparations. Rapid-dissolution tablets and liquid preparations of digoxin can be used interchangeably in most clinical situations. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1774-1776, 1974)
Notes on Cholera
Authors: R. W. Watkins
Journal: BMJ (1865)

about the middle of September last, and may not be deemed uninteresting.J. M., middle-aged, stout, and generally in good health, while employed in the country, and being much in the open air daily (during September last), had felt languid and more tired at evening than was usual with him, for a few days before being attacked.Previously to his supper-meal, he was seized with se- vere vomiting and purging.As evening came on, cramp ensued; and a messenger was sent off to sum- mon my attendance immediately.On my arrival, he still had vomiting and purging, and was violently affected with cramp in the lower extremities.His voice was husky; the pulse feeble; the skin cold.The stools were watery and bilious-looking.I procured a warm bath with salt in it as soon as possible, and put him into it; but ere long he wished to be out of the bath, on account of the cramp seizing him; and he was put into bed.Still relief he had none; therefore I or- dered ice to be got, which was fortunately soon pro- cured fiom a kind-hearted neighbouring landed pro-
Erratum
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

“Mechanism of Synergy of Levamisole and Fluorouracil: Induction of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I in a Colorectal Cancer Cell Line,” by AbdAlla et al. [J Natl Cancer Inst 87:489–496, 1995 (Issue 7)]. The last line of column 1 in Table 1 should read “5-FU, 0.4 (μg/mL+levamisole, 1 μg/mL.” The Journal regrets the error.
Council on Medical Education and Hospitals
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P09.09 Gain of 12p encompassing CCND2 is associated with gemistocytic histology in IDH mutant astrocytomas
Authors: F. Sahm, A. Korshunov, D. T. W. Jones, W. Paulus, C. Herold-Mende, A. Unterberg, S. M. Pfister, S. Brandner, W. Wick, A. von Deimling
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

INTRODUCTION: When glioma patients experience long-term seizure freedom the question arises whether antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) should be continued.Antitumor treatment, which currently consists of a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, may contribute to seizure freedom.AEDs may cause side effects and may as well negatively impact neurocognitive functioning and quality of life.Here, we present the results of a prospective trial on the decision-making process to withdraw or continue AEDs in glioma patients after long-term seizure freedom as well as seizure outcome after withdrawal.METHODS: Observational multicenter study exploring the decisionmaking process on the withdrawal or continuation of AEDs in low-grade and anaplastic glioma patients.Patients were recruited from three tertiary referral centers for brain tumor patients in The Netherlands.Patients were selected by the principal investigator if they fulfilled the eligibility criteria based on their medical charts.Patients eligible for the study were seizure free for ≥1 year counted from the date of last surgery, irradiation or chemotherapy, or for ≥2 years since the last symptomatic seizure after antitumor treatment.The eligible patient and the neuro-oncologist needed to make a shared decision on the preferred AED treatment (continuation or withdrawal).RESULTS: Between January 2014 and March 2016, 84 patients fulfilled all eligibility criteria.In 12/84 the neuro-oncologist had serious objections to AED withdrawal (e.g high risk of recurrent seizures), the other 72 were included.In 46/72 patients AEDs were withdrawn and in 26 AEDs were continued.The most important reason for patients to continue AEDs were anxiety for seizure recurrence and consequences for their driving licence.The median follow-up was 13 months (range 1-29) in the withdrawal group and 10 months (range 4-21) in the continuation group.Twenty-two percent (10/46) of patients withdrawing AEDs had seizure recurrence; 40% (4/10) of them showed tumor progression within 3 months after seizure recurrence.In the continuation group all patients had stable disease without tumor progression or seizure recurrence (p-value: 0.01).Eight patients had a focal, one patient a generalized and one patient had a nocturnal seizure.CONCLUSION: In our study 64% of glioma patients preferred to withdraw their AEDs after long-term seizure freedom.Twenty-two percent of the patients withdrawing AEDs showed seizure recurrence.The recurrence of seizures heralded tumor progression in 40%.In carefully selected patients AED withdrawal could be considered, as only 13% (6/46) of patients without tumor progression had a seizure relapse with a focal or nocturnal seizure.The risk of seizure recurrence as well as the negative effects of AEDs should be taken into account in the decision to withdraw AEDs in glioma patients after long-term seizure freedom. P09.
THE PROGRESS OF ORGANIZATION.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Collagenous sprue.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Collagenous SprueIn temperate regions the commonest cause of malabsorption in conjunction with a flat intestinal mucosa lacking villi is coeliac disease.'The definition and diagnosis of this disease depends on proof of its association with gluten, and it is treated by exclusion of this cereal protein from the diet.2However, some patients fail to improve on a gluten-free diet, and the failure rate may be as high as 30%0 This is in contrast to children with coeliac disease, nearly all of whom respond to the diet.Failure to improve may be due to failure to adhere to the diet, or it may indicate a faulty diagnosis owing to misinterpretation of the biopsy.Occasionally thera- peutic failures may be due to the presence of a second dis- order, such as pancreatic insufficiency, or to a complication of coeliac disease, such as lymphoma or intestinal ulceration.8 9 Many patients with coeliac disease commit dietary indiscre- tions, but luckily there are wide variations in gluten sensitivity from patient to patient, and many suffer no clinical effects.If a patient fails to respond to exclusion of gluten from the diet, and careful review of the diet discloses no obvious intake of it, he should be admtted to hospital so that the diet can be more carefully controlled.If there is still no response, failure may be due to minor indiscretions by a person very sensitive to gluten, or the patient may have another disease.W. M. Weinstein and colleagues1O recently described a middle-aged man with malabsorption and a flat jejunal mucosa on biopsy who progressively deteriorated in spite of all treatment and died 42 months after the onset of symptoms.Serial intestinal biopsies showed amorphous hyaline eosino- philic material, identified as collagen, in the lamina propria 'A Better Tomorrow, Conservative Central Office, London, 1970.
Acetylation, Deacetylation and Acyltransfer
Authors: Charles M. King, Irene B. Glowinski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

N-Substituted aromatic compounds can be metabolized in most species to N-acetylated derivatives that are themselves subject to further enzymatic transformations, including hydrolysis and N,O-acyltransfer. These proceses can either potentiate or ameliorate the biological responses to these N-substituted derivatives. Decreasing the levels of metabolites, such as arylhydroxylamines may, in some systems, reduce the probability of eliciting adverse biological effects. In others, arylhydroxamic acids produced by the acetylation of arylhydroxylamines may increase their potential for metabolic activation by N,O-acyltransfer. In the rabbit, rat and perhaps other species, the acetyl CoA-dependent N-acetyltransferase is also capable of activating arylhydroxamic acids by N-O-acyltransfer. These cytosolic organotriphosphate ester-resistant enzymes can utilize arylhydroxamic acid as a donor of the acetyl moiety in the acetyl transferase reaction and apparently are capable of activating arylhydroxamic acids because of their ability to O-acetylate the arylhydroxlamine. In mice, N-acetyltransferase and N,O-acetyltransferase seem not to exhibit this relationship. Enzymes from the microsomes of a number of species are also capable of activating arylhydroxamic acids. The particulate-bound enzymes are organotriphosphate ester-sensitive deacylases that are unable to form nucleic acid adducts on incubation with N-methoxy-N-acetylaminoarenes, substrates that are not capable of activation by N,O-acyltransfer. Thus, depending on the specificity of the enzymes involved, N-substituted aromatic compounds may be activated by N,O-acyltransfer during both the acetylation and deacylation process. The influence of this activation in the carcinogenic process is the object of continuing investigation.
EDITORIAL SUCCESSICN TO THE NORTH
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DOMESTIC CORRESPONDENCE.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute Liver Failure
Authors: William M. Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Few conditions in medicine are more dramatic or more devastating than acute liver failure. Severe liver-cell dysfunction strikes previously well people suddenly, and many of them die. Acute liver failure embraces a number of conditions whose common thread is severe injury of hepatocytes or massive necrosis. Loss of hepatocyte function sets in motion a multiorgan response, and death may occur even when the liver has begun to recover. This article highlights recent advances in our understanding and management of this unique condition.Altered mental status (hepatic encephalopathy) and coagulopathy in the setting of an acute hepatic disease define acute liver . . .
Risk factors for persistent middle-ear effusions. Otitis media, catarrh, cigarette smoke exposure, and atopy
Authors: M. J. Kraemer
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To ascertain risk factors for persistent middle-ear effusions (PMEE), we interviewed the parents of two groups of children. The first consisted of 76 children with PMEE who were admitted to the hospital for tympanostomytube insertion. The second, a control group, consisted of 76 children admitted for other types of surgery, who were matched for age, sex, season, and surgical ward. Nearly all (97%) of the children admitted for insertion of tympanostomy tubes had one or more episodes of suppurative otitis media. Only 59% of the control children had previous ear infections. Frequent ear infections sharply increased the risk for persistent effusions. Catarrh, household cigarette smoke exposure, and atopy also occurred more frequently in children with PMEE. The risk for middle-ear effusions was greatest when these three factors were all present. The avoidance of daily exposure to domestic tobacco smoke and, if atopic, of specific allergens should be included in the medical treatment of children with PMEE. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1022-1025)
Transplantation Immunology.
Authors: Thomas E. Starzl
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Transplantation Immunology.Thomas E. Starzl, M.D., Ph.D.Thomas E. Starzl, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-854_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe four major immunosuppressants in clinical use today are azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and antilymphocytic globulin—used in combinations of two or three agents.After organ transplantation the maximum requirement for treatment with these drugs is usually during the first few post-operative weeks. If this dangerous phase of convalescence can be negotiated, the homograft often appears to be "accepted" in a relative sense so that heavy maintenance immunosuppression is not required. Thereafter, good chronic transplant function may continue in a patient who has retained the ability to deal with inimical environmental antigens, including pathogenic bacteria, and who therefore may now return in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver, Colo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByA Simple Method of Measuring Host Immune Rejection Response After Renal Transplantation 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 854-854KeywordsAntigensBacteriaBacterial pathogensConvalescenceCyclophosphamideDrugsHomograftsImmunosuppressivesOrgan transplantationTransplantation immunology Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Tropical Medicine
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reduced and compressed cisplatin-based chemotherapy in children and adolescents with intermediate-risk extracranial malignant germ cell tumors: A report from the Children’s Oncology Group.
Authors: Furqan Shaikh, John W Cullen, Thomas Arthur Olson, Farzana Pashankar, Marcio H. Malogolowkin, James Amatruda, Doojduen Villaluna, Mark D. Krailo, Deborah F Billmire, Frederick J Rescorla, Rachel A. Egler, Bryan J Dicken, Jonathan H Ross, Marc Schlatter, Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, A. Lindsay Frazier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

10512 Background: The objective of this study was to investigate whether event-free survival (EFS) could be maintained among children and adolescents with intermediate-risk malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT) if the number of cycles of cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin (PEb) was reduced from four to three. Methods: In a prospective, phase 3, single-arm trial, patients with intermediate-risk MGCT (defined as stage II-IV testicular, II-III ovarian, I-II extragonadal, or stage I gonadal tumors that recurred on surveillance) received three cycles of PEb. A parametric comparator model specified that the observed EFS should not be significantly lower than 92%. As recommended for trials that test a reduction of therapy, a one-sided p-value of 0.10 or less was used to indicate statistical significance. In a post-hoc analysis, we also compared results to the EFS of comparable patients treated with four cycles of PEb on two prior Children’s Oncology Group studies. Results: Among 210 eligible patients enrolled between 2003 and 2011, 4-year EFS (EFS4 ) was 89% (95% confidence interval (CI) 83-92%), which was significantly lower than the 92% threshold of the comparison model (p=0.08). Among 181 newly-diagnosed patients, EFS4 was 87%, compared to 92% for 92 comparable children in the historical cohort (p=0.15). EFS4 was significantly associated with stage (stage I 100%, stage II 92%, stage III 85%, and stage IV 54%; p<0.001). Conclusions: The EFS for children with intermediate-risk MGCT observed after three cycles of PEb was lower than a pre-specified parametric model, particularly for patients with higher stage tumors. Whereas these data do not support a reduction in the number of cycles of PEb from four to three, further investigation of a reduction in the number of cycles for patients with lower stage tumors is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT00053352.
CONTRIBUTION TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF TUBERCULOSIS ANTITOXIN.
Authors: C. FISCH
Journal: JAMA (1899)

In a paper on this subject, published in 1897, I reported on a series of experiments, which, although not altogether uniform in their results, certainly established the existence of a substance with a pronounced affinity for the toxin of the tubercle bacillus. To the experienced and well-versed reader this was nothing new; antitoxic properties of the serum of animals treated with tubercle bacilli or their metabolic products had before been observed and described repeatedly, the whole question being only sidetracked by the very natural desire to employ this quality practically. The inadequacy of the antitoxic intensity for therapeutic purposes led to a doubt of its existence, and up to this day this consideration of practical possibilities has dominated the subject. It is not my aim to here enter into a discussion of the startlingly prolific literature on antituberculous serum. A surprisingly large percentage of it exhibits an utter ignorance of
SUBTOTAL GASTRECTOMY
Authors: JOHN B. DEAVER
Journal: JAMA (1925)

[Editorial Note.—This paper and the paper of Dr. Crile, which follows it, constitute a symposium on gastric and duodenal surgery.] <h3>SUBTOTAL GASTRECTOMY</h3> By Dr. Deaver Successful radical operation on the stomach was first accomplished by Billroth, in 1881, for carcinoma. For many years this formidable procedure was reserved for such cases, but with the passing of time the indications for the operation have been extended. This extension is primarily due to the very satisfactory remote results obtained in both malignant and benign disorders, although the rôle of the greater dexterity and familiarity with the methods and the consequent improved technic play a very important part in its extended present-day application. Subtotal gastrectomy is now, I believe, the operation of choice in benign disorders of the stomach and duodenum, chronic ulcer, its sequelae, hour-glass stomach, pyloric stenosis and secondary or marginal ulcer. The rationale of any operative procedure depends on