tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cisplatin and etoposide versus carboplatin and paclitaxel with concurrent radiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer: An analysis of Veterans Health Administration data.
Authors: Rafael Santana-Davila, Kiran Devisetty, Carlos Arce-Lara, Rodney Sparapani, Jeffrey C. Whittle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

7564 Background: For the definitive treatment of stage III NSCLC, the optimal chemotherapy regimen to use with radiation is not clearly defined. Using a large cohort of patients treated across the entire VHA system, we compared the outcome of patents treated with EP vs. those treated with CP. Methods: Using the VA Central Cancer Registry, patients with stage III NSCLC diagnosed between 2001 and 2008 were identified. For analysis, patients were included if concurrent chemoradiotherapy was initiated within 4 months of diagnosis and excluded if treated with surgery or sequential chemoradiotherapy (i.e. chemotherapy was not started within 7 days of the start of radiotherapy). Results: Out of 13,572 pts identified, 1435 pts were eligible for analysis of which 26% (n=380) received EP. In multivariable analysis, the use of EP was not associated with any survival advantage (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.81-1.09, p=0.41). In a propensity score analysis that matched 292 pts treated with EP with the same number of patients treated with CP, there was no survival advantage for EP (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.86-1.2, p=0.87). Subsequently, a multivariate model weighted on the inverse propensity for being treated with EP was fitted and similarly showed no survival advantage for EP (HR 0.93, 95% CI, 0.80-1.07, p=0.32). Finally, an instrumental variable analysis was used to compare matched patients between eight VHAs that were
PERITONEAL SUPPORTS—(LIGAMENTUM PERITONEI).
Authors: BYRON ROBINSON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The mesocolon dextra et sinistra as peritoneal supports are of much importance to surgeons. The right and left colon have been declared to exist and not to exist by various writers. The following remarks I assume to make after the examination of about two hundred cadavers, the last one hundred for the special purpose of tabulating mathematically the existence and length of the right and left mesocolon. The Scotch anatomist, Symington, declares he never saw a descending mesocolon. Treves examined one hundred cadavers and asserts that there is a descending mesocolon in 36 per cent. of subjects and an ascending mesocolon in 25 per cent. of subjects. Toldt claims one descending colon in twenty subjects. Gray declares that an ascending mesocolon exists "sometimes" and a descending mesocolon more frequently. Lesshaft claims that mesocolon descendens exist on an average once in every six subjects and that the mesocolons increase with age,
'Ticking, tracking, trucking' sum up projects at Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory
Authors: C. A. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

TICKING, TRACKING, and trucking summed up the work described at the first annual Science Update at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. The update offered science writers a glimpse into the status of a handful of the many lines of research being conducted by the laboratory's scientists. For example, Felix Strumwasser, PhD, is studying the ticking of the circadian clock using a living model that can be studied in a dish: the eye of the sea slug<i>Aplysia</i>. John Hobbie, PhD, is directing the laboratory's role in an unprecedented international effort to track—and eventually predict—worldwide climate change. Shinya Inoué, PhD, and Bruce Schnapp, PhD, are using the most sophisticated techniques of video light microscopy and digital processing to look at, among many questions, how cells divide and molecules "truck down" the axon via microtubules. Strumwasser's research question is one that has intrigued neuroscientists for decades: how can the
Vasopressor Agents Demonstrate Effects on the Venous Circuit
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Figure
Authors: Neel Butala, Benjamin Johnson, Leora Horwitz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

William S. Yancy Jr, MD, MHS; Eric C. Westman, MD, MHS; Jennifer R. McDuffie, PhD, RD, MPH; Steven C. Grambow, PhD; Amy S. Jeffreys, MStat; Jamiyla Bolton, MS; Allison Chalecki, RD; Eugene Z. Oddone, MD, MHS
Children with Moderately Elevated Blood Lead Levels: A Role for Other Diagnostic Tests?
Authors: Morri E. Markowitz, Isabella Clemente, John F. Rosen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

In this study we examined potential limitations of relying exclusively on blood lead (BPb) levels to evaluate children with moderately elevated BPb levels (1.21-2.12 micromol/l, or 25-44 microg/dl).We tested the following hypotheses: 1) such children without elevated erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP) levels (>=0.62 micromol/l or >/= 35 microg/dl) are unlikely to respond to a chelating agent with a brisk urinary Pb diuresis; 2) those with elevated EP levels, but low hematologic indices consistent with iron deficiency, are also unlikely to respond to a chelating agent with a robust urinary Pb diuresis; and 3) those with elevated EP levels and iron sufficiency are more likely to respond to a chelating agent. To test these hypotheses, we performed retrospective analyses of the relationships between EP concentrations, hematologic indices, and urinary Pb excretion ratios (uPbr) in moderately Pb-poisoned children undergoing the CaNa2EDTA lead mobilization test (Pb-MT). Data from 122 children were available. Urinary Pb excretion was limited in children with an EP <0.62 micromol/l (<35 microg/dl); only 5% (1/21) of Pb-MTs were positive (uPbr >=0.6). In children with an EP >=0.62 micromol/l, low hematologic indices, such as a mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) <23 pg, were associated with relatively little Pb excretion (0/14 positive Pb-MTs). In contrast, 32% (28/87) of Pb-MTs were positive in children with an EP >/= 0.62 micromol/l and iron sufficiency (p<0.01 by chi-square comparison between groups with EP >/= 0.62 micromol/l and either MCH <23 pg or MCH >/= 23 pg). We conclude that only a minority of moderately Pb-poisoned children will demonstrate enhanced urinary Pb excretion in response to chelation therapy. Some of the predicted nonresponders can be readily identified by adding the EP and complete blood count to the panel of tests performed.
The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57Kip2 mediates proliferative actions of PTHrP in chondrocytes
Authors: Helen E. MacLean, Jun Guo, Melissa C. Knight, Pumin Zhang, David Cobrinik, Henry M. Kronenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Parathyroid hormone–related peptide (PTHrP) is a positive regulator of chondrocyte proliferation during bone development. In embryonic mice lacking PTHrP, chondrocytes stop proliferating prematurely, with accelerated differentiation. Because the bone phenotype of mice lacking the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57Kip2 is the opposite of the PTHrP-null phenotype, we hypothesized that PTHrP's proliferative actions in chondrocytes might be mediated by opposing p57. We generated p57/PTHrP-null embryos, which showed partial rescue of the PTHrP-null phenotype. There was reversal of the loss of proliferative chondrocytes in most bones, with reversal of the accelerated differentiation that occurs in the PTHrP-null phenotype. p57 mRNA and protein were upregulated in proliferative chondrocytes in the absence of PTHrP. Metatarsal culture studies confirmed the action of PTHrP to decrease p57 mRNA and protein levels in a model in which parathyroid hormone (PTH), used as an analog of PTHrP, increased chondrocyte proliferation rate and the length of the proliferative domain. PTH treatment of p57-null metatarsals had no effect on proliferation rate in round proliferative chondrocytes but still stimulated proliferation in columnar chondrocytes. These studies suggest that the effects of PTHrP on both the rate and extent of chondrocyte proliferation are mediated, at least in part, through suppression of p57 expression.
Intermittent intravenous methohexitone.
Authors: Briti Sh
Journal: BMJ (1969)

PointersRubella Vaccine: Attenuated live virus pro- duced significant antibody response in non- immune children, with no appreciable reactions or evidence of transmission of infection (p.531) ; Leader at p. 527.Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults: High propor- tion of patients with minimal histological changes found in survey of new cases in south- east England (p. 533); Equally good results achieved with prednisolone as with low-dose azathioprine-prednisolone combination (p. 535).Leader at p. 529.Methohexitone: Intermittent administration in dentistry produced clinically undetectable respi- ratory obstruction, depression of laryngeal reflex, and arterial hypoxaemia (p. 540).Leader at this page.Tropical Sprue: Folate polyglutamates, the main form of dietary folate, shown to be badly absorbed (p. 543).Salicylate Poisoning: In 62 patients no simple relationship found between hypocapnia and the development of acidaemia; the latter carried a grave prognosis (p. 547).
Pancreatitis complicating typhoid fever. Report of a case
Authors: I. J. Russell
Journal: JAMA (1976)

OSLER<sup>1</sup>stated that hemorrhagic pancreatitis rarely occurs in association with typhoidal infections. More recent reviews of typhoid fever and its complications have not mentioned pancreatitis.<sup>2-5</sup>Earlier, several reports of confirmed or probable pancreatitis with typhoid fever were published.<sup>6-10</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> On Nov 15, 1974, a 38-year-old woman returned from a world tour that included Egypt and the Far East. She became ill on Nov 22, 1974, with shaking chills, temperatures to 40 C, transient nausea, and constipation. After six days without improvement, she was admitted to a community hospital and the same day was transferred to the Mayo Clinic because immature and toxic leukocytes were found on a routine hemogram. She said that, shortly after she had returned home, the drinking water on her farm in Iowa was found to be contaminated by Gram-negative bacilli, which were never identified. Two of her three children, who
Merging hospitals and physician support
Authors: L. Tremonti
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This study gives empirical documentation of physician support for a recent hospital merger. Results indicated that physicians from private practice, from the medical specialty of anesthesiology, and those least satisfied with hospital administration were also the least supportive of the merger. Formal involvement in the merger process, via task force membership, did relatively little to increase physician support for the merger. However, a significant correlation between perceived input into the merger process and support for the merger indicates positive aspects of involvement, even though this may not have occurred through the formal structure of task forces. Implications for managing physicians and hospital mergers is discussed. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2628-2632)
Hyperkalemia
Authors: Marie-Denise Schaller
Journal: JAMA (1990)

When hypothermic patients appear to be dead, the decision to resuscitate may be difficult due to lack of reliable criteria of death. To discover useful prognostic indicators, we reviewed the hospital charts of nine hypothermic victims of snow avalanches (group A: median value of rectal temperature, 29.6°C; range, &lt;12°C to 34°C) and of 15 patients with hypothermia following acute drug intoxication and/or cold exposure (group B: 28.8°C; range, 25.5°C to 32°C. In group A, plasma potassium level on admission was extremely high (14.5 mmol/L; range, 6.8 to 24.5 mmol/L) compared with that obtained in group B (3.5 mmol/L; range, 2.7 to 5.3 mmol/L). All patients in group A were in cardiorespiratory arrest. None could be successfully resuscitated despite effective rewarming by cardiopulmonary bypass or peritoneal lavage. In contrast, all of the patients in group B recovered from hypothermia, including two in cardiorespiratory arrest. Thus, extreme hyperkalemia during acute hypothermia appears to be a reliable marker of death. It might be used to select those patients in whom heroic resuscitation efforts can be useful. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1842-1845)
From the Assistant Secretary for Health
Authors: R. E. Windom
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Infectious Disease and Worldwide Declines of Amphibian Populations, with Comments on Emerging Diseases in Coral Reef Organisms and in Humans
Authors: Cynthia Carey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Many populations of amphibians are declining on all six continents on which they occur.Some causes of amphibian declines, such as habitat destruction, direct application of xenobiotics, and introduction of predators or competitors, are clearly attributable to human activities.Infectious disease appears to be the direct cause of mass amphibian die-offs in relatively undisturbed areas of the world where anthropomorphic environmental disruption is minimal.In these cases, it is not yet clear whether these epizootics result from the natural evolution of new pathogens or from environmental changes that promote the emergence of pathogenic forms and/or that weaken the immune defenses of amphibians.Because some aspects of pathogen-related amphibian mass mortalities are similar to outbreaks of new diseases in humans and coral reef organisms, amphibian declines may be part of a much larger pattern than previously appreciated.
Abstract LB-091: Tumor suppressor WW domain-containing oxidoreductase controls epidermal keratinocyte growth
Authors: Li-Jin Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Human fragile WWOX gene encodes a candidate tumor suppressor WW domain-containing oxidoreductase. Ectopically overexpressed WWOX protein induces apoptosis in cancer cells and suppresses tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Functional suppression of WWOX by antisense mRNA, dominant negatives, and small interfering RNA protects cells from apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor, anticancer drugs, UV light, and ectopic p53 in vitro. Interestingly, substantial studies have revealed that progression of various cancers to a pre-metastatic stage positively correlates with upregulation of WWOX protein expression, suggesting that WWOX may act more than a tumor suppressor. In normal human epidermis, WWOX is abundant in proliferating epithelial cells of the skin, and its expression is increased in intensity toward the superficial layers. In this study, we determined a reduced number of Ki67-positive proliferating keratinocytes in the epidermis of our newly developed Wwox gene knockout (Wwox-/-) mice. A marked reduction in the basal (K5-positive) and suprabasal (K10-positive) keratinocyte numbers was examined in the keratinized squamous epithelium of the Wwox-/- mouse skin. Apparent decreases in Wwox-/- epidermal and dermal thickness were found. To further verify whether WWOX regulates keratinocyte growth, we detected significantly decreased cell proliferation in both Wwox-/- primary keratinocyte cultures and WWOX-knockdown HaCaT cells as compared to the control cells. No significant increases in the number of TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the Wwox-/- epidermal tissues. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrated a crucial role of tumor suppressor WWOX in regulating normal keratinocyte proliferation for maintaining skin homeostasis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Li-Jin Hsu. Tumor suppressor WW domain-containing oxidoreductase controls epidermal keratinocyte growth [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-091.
Neuromodulatory Actions Of Peptides
Authors: L. Kow
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1988)

Heme oxygenases (HO) catabolize free heme, that is, iron (Fe) protoporphyrin (IX), into equimolar amounts of Fe2+, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin. The stress-responsive HO-1 isoenzyme affords protection against programmed cell death. The mechanism ...Read More
Dendritic cells in the mucosa of the human trachea are not regularly found in the first year of life
Authors: T Tschernig, A S Debertin, F Paulsen, W J Kleemann, R Pabst
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs) in the mucosa of the respiratory tract might be involved in the early development of pulmonary allergy or tolerance. To date, little is known about when the first DCs occur in human airways. METHODS Specimens of the distal trachea from patients who had died from sudden death in the first year of life (n=29) and in older age groups (n=59) as well as from those who had died from respiratory tract infections in the first year of life (n=8) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy was performed in additional samples from two adults. RESULTS In the sudden death subgroup DCs were absent in 76% of those who died in the first year of life but were present in 53 of the 59 older cases. All infants who had died of respiratory infectious diseases had DCs in the tracheal mucosa. CONCLUSIONS Mature DCs are not constitutively present in the human tracheobronchial mucosa in the first year of life, but their occurrence seems to be triggered by infectious stimuli. These data support the hypothesis that DCs play a crucial role in immunoregulation in early childhood.
Information Wanted.
Authors: None R. M. W.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Brooklyn, N. Y., Nov. 21, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Who was the writer of the following lines? Can any of our readers cite for an inquiring friend their place of publication? " God and the doctor we alike adore, But only when in trouble, not before. The trouble o'er, both are alike requited; God is forgotten, and the doctor slighted."
Drug Automatism
Authors: Neill F. David
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The EDITORIAL by Dr. Hussey, "Drug Automatism: A Myth," (230:265, 1974) is partly right and partly wrong. Therefore, I believe that the editorial was mistitled. For example, if "a patient takes a dose of a barbiturate, forgets about it, takes another dose, and so on," the patient will usually, but not always, fall asleep and be none the worse for his mistake. However, before he falls asleep, he will be groggy. He may stumble and fall, thereby suffering serious injury. Or, if he smokes cigarettes while in bed, there is the danger that he will ignite the bed covers and be badly or lethally burned. It is true, as Dr. Hussey wisely explained, that although drug automatism does not cause death directly, the drug experience can be lethal by other means. That's no myth; it's for real.
Incontinence.
Journal: BMJ (1978)

IncontinenceUpwards of two million people in Britain are troubled by incontinence-and too many of them have to put up with it.Their silent acceptance of their misery is partly a consequence of the shame they feel; but they also feel hopeless, since doctors and nurses have so often a negative approach to the problem, because they have not been taught about incon- tinence.Only now is incontinence receiving much attention in our medical and nursing schools and only now are books beginning to be devoted to the subject.1 2 Much incontinence is short lived, the consequence of acute illness and enforced immobility.It clears up when the patient gets better.Sometimes it is iatrogeniic, the result of diuretics or excessive sedation.Overflow incontinence may accompany
Economics of prescribing
Journal: BMJ (1989)

had no idea of the magnitude of the sums concerned.He was sure that other regional chairmen would like to make an offer to spend the money in the interests of the patients, and he proposed canvassing them for "innovative ideas" by way of amenities or recreation.-JOHN WARDEN Correction Economics of prescribing An editorial error occurred in this news item by Stella Lowry (15 April, p 981).The correct cost of the report Generic Pharmaceuticals-The Threat.Products and Companies at Risk is £950 and not £9.50 as published.