tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rates of Cesarean Delivery Among Puerto Rican Women—Puerto Rico and the U.S. Mainland, 1992-2002
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Cesarean delivery has been associated with greater risks for maternal morbidity, longer hospital stays, and rehospitalization after childbirth than vaginal delivery. On the U.S. mainland (i.e., 50 states and District of Columbia), rates of total cesarean delivery and primary cesarean delivery (i.e., for women without a previous cesarean) per 100 live births decreased from 1992 to 1996 before increasing from 1996 to 2002. During 2002, among all U.S. mainland births (approximately 4 million), 26% were by cesarean delivery; among all mainland births to women without a previous cesarean delivery, 18% were by primary cesarean. Cesarean delivery rates for Puerto Rican women who delivered on the U.S. mainland were similar to those for all women on the mainland. By contrast, among all 52,747 births in Puerto Rico in 2002, 45% were by cesarean delivery; among births in Puerto Rico to women without a previous cesarean delivery, 33% were primary cesarean deliveries. In addition, during 1996-2002, annual rates of vaginal births after cesarean delivery (VBAC) (i.e., per 100 live births to women who had a previous cesarean delivery) were lower in Puerto Rico than on the U.S. mainland. To compare trends in cesarean delivery during 1992-2002 among Puerto Rican women who delivered in Puerto Rico and on the U.S. mainland, CDC and the Puerto Rico Department of Health analyzed birth certificate data from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which determined that, during 1992-2002, total and primary cesarean rates were consistently higher in Puerto Rico than among Puerto Rican women on the mainland. From 1996 to 2002, total and primary cesarean rates increased for Puerto Rican women in both places of delivery, but rates increased more sharply for women in Puerto Rico than on the mainland. The results suggest that measures to reduce the number of cesarean deliveries in Puerto Rico should focus on lowering the rate of primary cesarean deliveries, especially among women at low risk for a cesarean delivery.
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1971)

A peripheral corneal opacity of a distinctive character, involving the anterior third of the comeal thickness, was seen in five patients with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis.The opacity was present over the whole of the circumference of the peripheral cornea in most of the eyes affected and the condition was bilateral to some degree in all five patients.Inflammation and vascularization were minimal.
Annals of Surgery, Philadelphia
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In This Issue
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

EHD-Targeting Proteins in Heart (p 84)Gudmundsson et al have identified four new members of the membrane maintenance team of heart cells.The excitability of heart cells depends on the tight regulation of their plasma membrane-associated proteins, such as ion channels, transporters, and receptors.Although much is known about the function of these frontline players, much less is understood about how they get to and from the membrane.Gudmundsson et al looked for members of the behind-the-scenes protein trafficking troops.They knew ankyrin B was such a protein and that it was present in heart cells, so they looked for ankyrin B interaction partners.They found EHD3-a protein known to be involved in trafficking in other cell types.One of ankyrin B's cargoes is the conduction-controlling Na ϩ / Ca 2ϩ exchanger.The team found that EHD3 enhanced membrane delivery of the exchanger and accordingly increased the heart cells' conduction.EHD3 has a number of close relatives-EHD1, 2, and 4 -and these also bound ankyrin B in heart cells.All four proteins were upregulated in the absence of ankyrin B, and the authors suggest this may reflect some form of compensatory mechanism aimed at maintaining the delivery of membrane proteins.
Abstract 1735: Targeted Application of Interleukin-2 Activates T-Lymphocytes and Reduces Plaque Formation
Authors: Kristof Graf, Thore Dietrich, Christiane Schneemann, Kirstin Atrott, Philipp Stawowy, Dietrich Menssen, Jörg Willuda, Eckart Fleck
Journal: Circulation (2008)

A newly developed fusion protein (L19-IL2) consisting of an anti-ED-B fibronectin single chain antibody and the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2), is a potent antitumor agent for renal cell cancer. ED-B fibronectin (ED-B) is expressed in inflammatory plaque lesions. Preliminary studies suggested that delivering IL2 locally to atherosclerotic tissue seem to reduce plaque progression. Therefore we investigated the application of L19-Il2 on lesion formation in apoE-deficient mice (apoE −/− ). 6-month old apoE −/− , fed with high fat diet (n = 5/group) were injected intravenously L19-IL2 (4290IU/g bodyweight), with L19 (antibody alone), with the control fusion protein D1-IL2 (4290IU/g bodyweight) or NaCL (control) at day 1, 3 and 5 and were sacrificed at day 7. Plaque lesion formation was analyzed by histology, immunohisto-chemistry (Mac3 = macrophages, CD31; actin, human IL2, ED-B, CD25, CD4), morphometry of the aortic root and by Sudan stain of the thoracic aorta followed by densitometry. Macrophage, ED-B, CD4, CD25 (IL-2 receptor subunit) content was analysed after immunohistochemistry. Results: Treatment with L19-IL2, L19, and D1-IL2 did not affect bodyweight, survival of mice compared to control (NaCL). Serum levels for blood glucose, cholesterol, liver and cardiac enzymes, and troponin were not different between L19-IL2, L19, and NaCL. Cardiac histology was also unaffected. Human IL2 was only detectable in plaque lesions after L19-IL2, but not after L19 or D1-IL2 treatment. L19-IL2 application significantly reduced plaque lesion size in the aortic root (L19-Il2: 23.2 ± 1.7%, L19: 35.2 ± 1.2%, D1-IL2: 31.6 ± 3.0%, NaCL: 31.0 ± 3.2%, p &lt; 0.01), plaque extension in the thoracic aorta (L19-Il2: 5.3 ± 0.7%, L19: 8.2 ± 0.4%, D1-IL2: 9.8 ± 1.0%, NaCL: 8.9 ± 1.2%, p &lt; 0.01). Mac3 immunoreactivity was reduced under L19-IL2, whereas CD4 and CD25 were strongly increased compared to L19, D1-IL2 and NaCL treated groups. Conclusion: A fusion protein, which delivers human IL-2 into plaque lesions, induces T-lymphocyte activation, reduction of macrophages and a reduction in plaque growth. The present study suggests that local application of IL2 activates cellular mechanisms involving T-lymphocytes leading to a reduction of atherosclerotic disease.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Techniques of oral and digestive tract decontamination are often used to prevent infections in intensive care units.Wittekamp and colleagues randomized 8665 patients receiving mechanical ventilation in intensive care units having moderate to high antibiotic resistance and found no reduction in the risk of bloodstream infections associated with the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash, oropharyngeal decontamination, or digestive tract decontamination.In an Editorial, Vandenbroucke-Grauls and van der Meer suggest that the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms in these study sites may have precluded a positive eff ect of decontamination.
Intra-coronary radiation therapy with liquid radioisotope samarium (153-Sm). Results from a pilot phase of a randomized trial Alvaro Moura, Airton Yamada, Cesar Dusilek, Rita Perussolo, Dalton Precoma. Nossa Sra das Gracas Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil, CERMEN, Curitiba, Brazil
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Coeliac disease in primary care: case finding study
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Reducing cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as smoking cessation, have been shown to be effective strategies for preventing cardiovascular diseases. 13][4] Additional factors may have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and new preventive strategies may be of use.In this article we briefly review the use of antioxidants, the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and homocysteine lowering; other "emerging" cardiovascular risk factors and potential preventive strategies that are under investigation are summarised in table 1.
Variations in the Use of Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Vijaya Sundararajan, Dawn Hershman, Victor R. Grann, Judith S. Jacobson, Alfred I. Neugut
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Since 1986, the recommended therapy for patients with ovarian cancer has included surgery and chemotherapy with a platinum compound (cisplatin or carboplatin). The purpose of this study is to assess the use of chemotherapy in elderly patients with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database represents approximately 14% of the United States population and provides clinical and demographic information on cancer patients covered by Medicare, along with health care–utilization data from Medicare claims files. We analyzed the association of demographic and clinical factors with treatment among patients diagnosed from 1992 to 1996 with stage III or IV ovarian cancer, who survived ≥ 120 days beyond diagnosis, and were ≥ 65 years of age (N = 1,775). RESULTS: Approximately 83% of elderly patients received some form of chemotherapy within 4 months of diagnosis. In a multiple logistic regression model with patients aged 65 to 69 years as the reference, the odds ratios of receiving chemotherapy were 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 1.46) for ages 70 to 74, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.43 to 1.00) for 75 to 79, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.37) for 80 to 84, and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.07 to 0.19) for 85+. Hispanic patients were less likely to receive chemotherapy than non-Hispanic white patients. Since 1992, paclitaxel has gradually replaced cyclophosphamide as the drug most commonly used with platinum. CONCLUSION: Despite its proven efficacy in treating ovarian cancer, chemotherapy seems to be used less among patients over age 65, especially those who are nonwhite and/or in the oldest age groups. Further research is needed to elucidate to what degree this represents appropriate clinical judgment and to what degree other factors, such as patient choice, play a role.
HIV Infection and Emphysema
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients7 March 2000HIV Infection and EmphysemaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-5-200003070-00030 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Emphysema is a condition in which the bronchial tubes and lungs become damaged over time, resulting in shortness of breath. Smoking is nearly always the main cause of emphysema. Emphysema usually does not develop until people are in their 50s or 60s. An accelerated form of emphysema has been reported in some young persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is the virus that causes AIDS. However, those reports did not compare persons infected with HIV directly with persons without HIV infection.Why did the researchers ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Increased Susceptibility to Pulmonary Emphysema among HIV-Seropositive Smokers.”. It is in the 7 March 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 132, pages 369-372). The authors are P.T. Diaz, M.A. King, E.R. Pacht, M.D. Wewers, J.E. Gadek, H.N. Nagaraja, J. Drake, and T.L. Clanton.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoIncreased Susceptibility to Pulmonary Emphysema among HIV-Seropositive Smokers Philip T. Diaz , Mark A. King , Eric R. Pacht , Mark D. Wewers , James E. Gadek , Haikady N. Nagaraja , Janice Drake , and Thomas L. Clanton Metrics 7 March 2000Volume 132, Issue 5Page: 369KeywordsBronchoalveolar lavageCellsComputed axial tomographyDyspneaEmphysemaHIVHIV infectionsLungsSmoking habitsThorax ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 7 March 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Compendio de Química Fisiológica.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OPSALIN: A phase II placebo-controlled randomized study of ombrabulin in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer treated with carboplatin (Cb) and paclitaxel (P).
Authors: Eric Pujade-Lauraine, Ignace B. Vergote, Aurore Allard, Augustin A. Rey, Cristiana Sessa, Michael J. Birrer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

TPS5112 Background: Most women with ovarian cancer have disease recurrence after responding to their first treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy and are considered to have platinum-sensitive disease if the relapse-free period is more than 6 months. Although CbP is standard first-line chemotherapy for ovarian cancer, patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent disease are often retreated with CbP. Ombrabulin (AVE8062) is a vascular disrupting agent and analogue of combretastatin A4 that damages established tumor vasculature causing tumor necrosis and has synergistic antitumor activity with platinum agents in tumor models in vivo (Cancer Sci. 2003;94:200). A phase I study showed that treatment with vivo ombrabulin plus CbP is feasible in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCI-AACR-EORTC 2010;Abs 386). We initiated OPSALIN, a phase II randomized trial, to evaluate whether the addition of ombrabulin to CbP improves outcomes in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (NCT01332656; EFC10260). Methods: Eligibility criteria include age of at least 18 years, ECOG PS 0–2, measurable carcinoma of the ovarian epithelium, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneum that is platinum sensitive, and completion of only one previous line of platinum-based chemotherapy. Exclusion criteria include uncontrolled brain metastases, peripheral neuropathy &gt;grade 1, and a prior history of cardiovascular disease. Patients are being randomized (1:1) to receive either ombrabulin 35mg/m 2 or placebo plus CbP every 3 weeks. Assigned treatment will continue until disease progression or death, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival stratified by the time of first disease recurrence (6–12 months or &gt;12 months). Secondary endpoints include safety, response rate, overall survival, pharmacokinetics, and analysis of predictive/prognostic biomarkers. Planned randomization is a total of 150 patients at approximately 45 sites globally. Sixty-five patients have been randomized as of January 2012.
Abstracts 301-600
Authors: Il-5 Adachi~, S Motoiima, A Hirata, T Fukuda, N Kihara, _Lc Altman, C Baker, D Luchtel, A Me, M-K Kim, B Bochner, Thomas Srikiatkhachom, C Gutgesell, H Yssel -#, Scheel Gerdes, C Neumann, J Alves, J A1meida, V H~snhol, R Santosj, L Rod~, J Ysrqu~s ~rvigo ~diogia, Fao~dade Yedicim Do ~rto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1995)
Effect of clomifene citrate plus metformin and clomifene citrate plus placebo on induction of ovulation in women with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome: randomised double blind clinical trial
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Objective To compare the effectiveness of clomifene citrate plus metformin and clomifene citrate plus placebo in women with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome.Design Randomised clinical trial.Setting Multicentre trial in 20 Dutch hospitals.Participants 228 women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Interventions Clomifene citrate plus metformin or clomifene citrate plus placebo.Main outcome measure The primary outcome measure was ovulation.Secondary outcome measures were ongoing pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and clomifene resistance.Results 111 women were allocated to clomifene citrate plus metformin (metformin group) and 114 women were allocated to clomifene citrate plus placebo (placebo group).The ovulation rate in the metformin group was 64% compared with 72% in the placebo group, a non-significant difference (risk difference -8%, 95% confidence interval -20% to 4%).There were no significant differences in either rate of ongoing pregnancy (40% v 46%; -6%, -20% to 7%) or rate of spontaneous abortion (12% v 11%; 1%, -7% to 10%).A significantly larger proportion of women in the metformin group discontinued treatment because of side effects (16% v 5%; 11%, 5% to 16%).Conclusion Metformin is not an effective addition to clomifene citrate as the primary method of inducing ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.[controlled-trials.com]. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN5590681 Methods Participants and experimental protocolFrom June 2001 to May 2004 we invited relevant women from 20 Dutch hospitals to participate in the trial.All women had chronic anovulation (menstrual cycle ≥ 35 days, WHO type II, normogonadotropic, normo-oestrogenic, oligoanovulation or anovulation) and polycystic ovaries diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography and wanted to conceive.We defined polycystic ovary syndrome according to current guidelines. 1 We excluded women with other causes of anovulation, age > 40 years, and liver, kidney, or heart disease or failure (that is, abnormal results on liver function tests or serum creatinine concentration > 95 mol/l or a history of heart disease or failure) and also those whose partner's sperm quality indicated male factor subfertility (total motile count < 10×10 6 ).Tubal patency was not tested before induction of ovulation.
COMPULSORY RETIREMENT WANES
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypotensive Sequelae of Diazoxide and Hydralazine Therapy
Authors: Robert E. Lordon
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article "Hypotensive Sequellae of Diazoxide and Hydralazine Therapy" (237:264, 1977) by Henrich et al coincides with our recent experience with these agents in the following two cases: <h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 62-year-old woman was seen in clinic for headache, malaise, and moderate shortness of breath. There was minimal prior hypertensive disease. She was not taking cardioactive or vasoactive medication. The blood pressure (BP) was 280/140 mm Hg; there were no signs of encephalopathy. She was given 20 mg of hydralazine hydrochloride intramuscularly and taken to the emergency room where the BP was 240/144 mm Hg. She was given 300 mg diazoxide intravenously. Within 20 minutes the BP was 60/0 mm Hg; heart rate was 130 beats per minute; and the ECG showed diffuse ST-segment depression. Eight hours of pressor therapy was required. There were no apparent cardiologic sequellae. Of note, 48 hours after the acute fall in