tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MUNICIPAL REGULATION OF THE SPITTING HABIT.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High-dose corticosteroid therapy in the adult respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: M. R. Flick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

AMONG the many controversies concerning the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the role of corticosteroids in its treatment. There are two main reasons for this uncertainty. First of all, it is important to recognize that this syndrome is the consequence of the lung's response to a wide variety of injuries to its capillary endothelium and alveolar epithelium that result in an almost uniform pattern of roentgenographic and physiological abnormalities: diffuse alveolar infiltrations caused by increased permeability pulmonary edema, severe hypoxemia caused by intrapulmonary shunting of blood, and marked decrease of lung compliance and functional residual capacity caused by alveolar flooding and changes in surface tension. Second, ARDS is not a disease but a disorder that is associated with many kinds of severe underlying medical and surgical conditions. Although the exact pathogenetic sequence leading to this catastrophic syndrome is not known, there are at least several different pathways through which
Demyelinating Diseases
Authors: George A. Schumacher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

Neurochemistry of DemyelinationAs used by the pathologist, the term "demyelination" means that the myelin sheath of certain nerve fibers can no longer be demonstrated in a microscopical section treated with one of a number of "myelin stains." To the neurochemist the term may have different meanings in different situations. Demyelination may be the visible sign of one of a number of chemical or physical processes taking place within the myelin sheath.26 To elucidate factors involved in the pathogenesis of demyelination in spontaneous demyelinating diseases, experimental demyelination has been produced in the laboratory by different technics, and the chemical aspects . . .
Asthenia Hypophysopriva
Authors: BERNARDO A. HOUSSAY
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1936)

A STHENIA is one of the most interesting l\ symptoms of pituitary insufficiency; it al- ways occurs in the toad and, though in a les- ser degree, in the rat; it manifests itself in man in the course of pituitary cachexia and is also seen, with varying frequency, in other species.It is well marked in the advanced stages of se- vere forms of pituitary insufficiency, coexisting with general and metabolic symptoms and with
Vascular Diseases, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue Access Provided by Korea University Medical Library JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account
Troponin T 0.03 $mu;L is the most appropriate cut-off level between high and low risk acute coronary syndrome patients: Prospective verification in a large cohort of placebo patients from the GUSTO-IV ACS study B Lindahl, P Venge, P Armstrong, E Barnathan, R Califf, M Simoons, E Topol, Lars Wallentin. Department of Cardiology, Uppsala, Sweden
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Developmental Cholinotoxicants: Nicotine and Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Theodore A. Slotkin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The stimulation of cholinergic receptors in target cells during a critical developmental period provides signals that influence cell replication and differentiation.Accordingly, environmental agents that promote cholinergic activity evoke neurodevelopmental damage because of the inappropriate timing or intensity of stimulation.Nicotine evokes mitotic arrest in brain cells possessing high concentrations of nicotinic cholinergic receptors.In addition, the cholinergic overstimulation programs the expression of genes that evoke apoptosis and delayed cell loss.Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors exhibit many similarities to those of nicotine.Chlorpyrifos administered to developing rats in doses that do not evoke signs of overt toxicity decreased DNA synthesis and caused shortfalls in cell numbers in brain regions enriched in cholinergic innervation.In embryo cultures, chlorpyrifos also evoked apoptosis during neurulation.However, chlorpyrifos also evokes noncholinergic disruption of cell development by interfering with cell signaling via adenylyl cyclase, leading to widespread disruption that is not limited to cholinergic systems.We have tested this hypothesis in vitro with PC12 cells, which lack the enzymes necessary to produce chlorpyrifos oxon, the metabolite that inhibits cholinesterase.Chlorpyrifos inhibited DNA synthesis in undifferentiated PC12 cells, which have relatively few cholinergic receptors.Furthermore, chlorpyrifos was more effective than nicotine and its effects were not blocked by cholinergic antagonists.When cells were allowed to differentiate in the presence of chlorpyrifos, cell replication was inhibited even more profoundly and cell acquisition was arrested.At higher concentrations, chlorpyrifos also inhibited neuritic outgrowth.Thus, chlorpyrifos elicits damage by both noncholinergic and cholinergic mechanisms extending from early stages of neural cell replication through late stages of axonogenesis and terminal differentiation.
Annual Reprint of the Reports of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association for 1940 with the Comments That Have Appeared in The Journal
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Benzodiazepine use in pregnancy and major malformations or oral clefts
Journal: BMJ (1999)

non-medical characteristics of patients such as age, productivity, social status, or gender. Universal validityThe final criterion recognises the value of impartiality.It asks whether the reasons for exclusion are stated in a form that can be recognised by all as valid and relevant.This fundamental test is based on the close relation between impartiality and publicity. 23 24The requirements of publicity impose a special form on arguments.For example, arguments that are strictly self serving will not pass the test of publicity.Other reasons for exclusion, such as those based on race, religion, or sexual orientation, cannot be accepted as valid and relevant.
Corrections
Authors: THOMAS M. BUCHANAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 August 1971CorrectionsTHOMAS M. BUCHANAN, M.D., GEO. F. BROOKS, M.D., PHILIP S. BRACHMAN, M.D.THOMAS M. BUCHANAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GEO. F. BROOKS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PHILIP S. BRACHMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-2-326 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We regret that, because of an error, one individual was not acknowledged for his valuable assistance to us in the study that led to the article "The Tularemia Skin Test," published in the March issue (Ann Intern Med74:336-343, 1971). We would like to thank. Donald Bicknell, M.D., Vergennes, Vermont, for his encouragement and cooperation throughout our investigation, which was in large part responsible for the successful completion of our study. Could you please publish this as an error of omission.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Center for Disease Control Public Health Service Atlanta, Georgia 30333 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1971Volume 75, Issue 2Page: 326-326KeywordsEmotionsSkin testsTularemia Issue Published: 1 August 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Step-by-step development of a cold ischemia device for open and robot-assisted renal transplantation
Authors: A. Territo, M. Fontana, A. Gallioli, A. Piana, P. Diana, J.M. Gaya, J. Huguet, P. Gavrilov, O. Rodríguez Faba, A. Mottrie, C. Facundo, L. Guirado, J. Palou, A. Breda
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Wound Care
Authors: Yeu-Tsu Margaret Lee
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The aim of this book is to give a practical account of the most appropriate forms of treatment, the prevention of infection, and the treatment of wounds afflicting particular parts of the body. The editor, a cardiac surgeon, enlists the work of 18 coauthors. The first half of the book covers basic and individual topics, such as historical aspects, fundamentals of wound healing, surgical incision, types of sutures and dressings, and complications. The second half of the book includes therapy for the following: wounds acquired in accidents and wars; compound fractures; wounds of major blood vessels; penetrating wounds of the chest, abdomen, brain, spinal cord, and eye; and burns. Also covered are some of the medicolegal aspects of wound care. The chapters are short, concise, well organized, and easy to read. Among the 144 excellent color photographs are illustrations of various ulcers and wound dehiscence. Case studies are presented with
USING MOBILE DEVICES TO MONITOR HEALTH AND WELLBEING, IN AND OUT OF COMPETITION, IN ELITE INTERNATIONAL WOMENS SOCCER
Authors: Stephen Boyce, Andrew White, Michael McKenna, Mark Dixon, Oliver Davies, Niall Elliott
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background In recent years mobile devices (smartphones) have been used to gather subjective and objective international athlete health and wellbeing data via athlete self-report measures (ASRM). Objective To implement a system of ASRM in elite women's international soccer players. Design Prospective observational study. Setting Scotland women's soccer national squad. Participants Elite women international soccer players. Interventions Players were asked to provide data on a daily basis via a hand held mobile device both during periods of international duty and when with their domestic clubs. Main Outcome Measurements ASRM require players to rate their perceived level of fatigue, motivation, stress, sleep quality on a 10 point scale and objective data such as sleep hours, illness/injury and menstrual cycle. Results 26 international soccer players compiled this data over a period of six months. The adherence rate overall was 48% (home based players 64%, exiles 38%). Strengths of this process include decreased administration time for support staff, quantification of athlete wellbeing providing the ability to analyse this longitudinally and decrease both observer and peer bias. Weaknesses of this form of data collection include poor compliance, unstandardised timing of completion and decreased face-to-face conversations leading to a reduction in the identification of changes to body language. Conclusions ASRM have proved an invaluable tool for the quantification of health and wellbeing within the Scottish women's national soccer team. They have provided important initial ‘red flags’ for many illness and injury situations during international and club duty. However, they cannot remove face-to-face wellbeing conversations completely and require practitioners to communicate the results obtained from ASRM for continued athlete buy-in.
Addition of abiraterone to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): Model to estimate long-term survival, quality-adjusted survival, and cost-effectiveness.
Authors: Caroline Sarah Clarke, Christopher D. Brawley, Fiona Caroline Ingleby, Andrea Gabrio, David P. Dearnaley, David Matheson, Gerhardt Attard, Hannah L. Rush, Robert J. Jones, Noel W. Clarke, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Matthew R. Sydes, Rachael Maree Hunter, Nicholas D. James
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

204 Background: Results from randomised trials show adding abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone (AAP) to standard of care (SOC) improves disease-free and overall survival in men with prostate cancer (PC) starting long-term hormone therapy for first time. Formal assessment is required of whether funding AAP here shows appropriate use of resources. This cost-effectiveness decision model tests if giving AAP to these patients is cost-effective using costs from English National Health Service, the largest nation where STAMPEDE recruited. Methods: Health outcomes and costs were modelled using patient data from AAP comparison of STAMPEDE (recruitment 2011-14). This included 1917 men with high-risk, locally advanced metastatic or recurrent PC starting 1st-line hormone therapy. SOC was hormone therapy for ≥2 years with radiotherapy in pre-selected patients. If allocated to research group, AAP (AA 1000mg/day, P 5mg/day) was added to SOC. The model makes lifetime predictions of survival, costs and quality-adjusted lifeyears (QALYs), with costs and QALYs discounted at 3.5% annually. Sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: The model predicted AAP would extend survival (discounted quality-adjusted survival) by 2.68y (1.46 QALYs) for metastatic patients and 0.30y (0.29 QALYs) for non-metastatic. The cost of AAP means it is not currently cost-effective in this setting, including with Patient Access Scheme costs for AAP and enzalutamide and similar reductions for cabazitaxel and Ra. If AAP’s price reduces after patent expiry as expected (90% reduction on BNF cost), it would be cost-effective in both patient groups, with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios below £10,000 (US$12,665) per QALY. AAP could also dominate in non-metastatic patients (i.e. lower costs and higher QALYs than SOC alone). Conclusions: AAP could be cost-effective for patients with non-metastatic and metastatic disease with expected future pricing and may be cost-saving in the former. Policymakers should encourage license submissions and generic price reductions to facilitate use of AAP given cost-saving potential in addition to improving survival. Clinical trial information: NCT00268476.
Acute Liver Failure in the United States
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Summaries for Patients17 December 2002Acute Liver Failure in the United StatesSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Why did the researchers do this particular study?Acute liver failure is a potentially deadly condition that affects about 2000 Americans each year. Most often, liver failure develops over a period of years as an insult to the liver (such as alcohol abuse or infection with hepatitis virus) slowly damages it. Less commonly, liver failure is acute, meaning that it occurs over a period of days or weeks. The things that can cause acute liver failure include hepatitis virus infections, drugs, pregnancy, autoimmune disease, and sudden low blood flow to the liver. Little is known about how often each of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationThe summary below is from the full report titled “Results of a Prospective Study of Acute Liver Failure at 17 Tertiary Care Centers in the United States.” It is in the 17 December 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 137, pages 947-954). The authors are G Ostapowicz, RJ Fontana, FV Schiødt, A Larson, TJ Davern, SHB Han, TM McCashland, AO Shakil, JE Hay, L Hynan, JS Crippin, AT Blei, G Samuel, J Reisch, WM Lee, and the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoResults of a Prospective Study of Acute Liver Failure at 17 Tertiary Care Centers in the United States George Ostapowicz , Robert J. Fontana , Frank V. Schiødt , Anne Larson , Timothy J. Davern , Steven H.B. Han , Timothy M. McCashland , A. Obaid Shakil , J. Eileen Hay , Linda Hynan , Jeffrey S. Crippin , Andres T. Blei , Grace Samuel , Joan Reisch , and William M. Lee , and the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group* Metrics 17 December 2002Volume 137, Issue 12 Page: I-24 Keywords Acute liver failure Coma Drugs Hepatitis A Hepatitis viruses Infectious diseases Liver Liver diseases Liver transplantation Research laboratories ePublished: 17 December 2002 Issue Published: 17 December 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Contraceptive Pill
Authors: G. I. M. Swyer
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Among 22 patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated chronic progressive myelopathy, agarose isoelectric focusing (AIF) revealed oligoclonal IgG bands in 21: in 3 in CSF only; in 11 in CSF and to some extent in serum; and in 7, identical patterns in CSF and serum. By immunoblot after AIF of CSF and serum, we observed bands of anti-HTLV-I IgG antibodies in 19 patients: in 5 in CSF only; in 9 in CSF and partly in serum; and in 5, identical in CSF and serum. Oligoclonal anti-HTLV-I IgG antibody bands could only partly be traced to oligoclonal IgG bands. If, prior to AIF, serum and CSF were absorbed with HTLV-I antigen, practically all oligoclonal HTLV-I-specific IgG antibody activity was abolished, while the oligoclonal pattern of total IgG was affected only to a minor extent. Alongside with HTLV-I-specific oligoclonal B cell response, HTLV-I myelopathy is regularly accompanied by production of oligoclonal IgG of unknown antibody specificities.
Endoscopy
Authors: Edward B. Benedict
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

GastroscopyTechnicIn an article on the difficulties in the differential diagnosis of gastric carcinoma and gastritis, Kennedy139 states that it is reasonable to assume that in the future no gastroscopic examination will be complete unless biopsy under direct vision is available.Selesnick and Kinsella140 made a study of gastritis and gastroscopic biopsy whose purpose was to examine the validity of Benedict's belief that no gastroscopic examination is complete unless biopsy under direct vision is available. A review of 56 satisfactory gastroscopic examinations, including biopsy of gastric mucosa under direct vision, in 50 patients considered to have either grossly normal . . .
Urinary iron excretion in patients with prosthetic heart valves
Authors: J. R. Walsh
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Intravascular destruction of erythrocytes sufficient to produce hemolytic anemia occurs with incompetent prosthetic heart valves. Renal hemosiderosis results from chronic intravascular hemolysis. Increased urinary iron loss eventually produces an iron-deficiency state even in the presence of renal hemosiderosis. Deferoxamine mesylate, an iron-chelating agent, increases the urinary iron excretion in this combination of circumstances, suggesting that it removes iron from the kidney. A compensated hemolytic state has occurred in some of these patients after iron therapy, and reoperation was thereby avoided. Elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase values indicate hemolysis and remain unchanged with iron therapy. Iron therapy had no influence on erythrocyte survival.
LOCATION OF THE JOURNAL.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The following is the result of the ballot cast on the permanent location of theJournal, as counted by Trustees D. W.GrahamandJoseph Eastman: Five thousand two hundred and sixty-five ballots were issued to members, 2,204 of whom did not vote. Several ballots were signed but no place specified, and several were filled out but not signed; these were necessarily thrown out. <h3>Chinese Graduates in Medicine.</h3> —Two Chinese girls have been graduated from the University of Michigan, Department of Medicine and
Specific SIRT1 Activation Mimics Low Energy Levels and Protects against Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders by Enhancing Fat Oxidation
Authors: Jérôme N. Feige, Marie Lagouge, Carles Canto, Axelle Strehle, Sander M. Houten, Jill C. Milne, Philip D. Lambert, Chikage Mataki, Peter J. Elliott, Johan Auwerx
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2009)