tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
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Authors: Werner Richter, Peter Schwandt
Journal: JAMA (1998)

only 195 (5.7%) of 3418 men and 111 (4.8%) of 2317 women with previous myocardial infarction and known elevated blood lipid levels were treated by lipid-lowering drugs in 1988 to 1990 (total number of screened subjects, 99 979; mean [SD] age: 53 [16] years; ratio of men to women, 0.85).From 1990 to 1996 the number of treated patients increased to 462 (14.5%) of 3186 men and 280 (15.3%) of 1832 women (total number of screened subjects, 103 008; mean [SD] age, 51 [18] years; ratio men to women, 0.78).Also, a trend to fewer individuals with cholesterol concentrations higher than 7.75 mmol/L (300 mg/dL) was found, but the efficacy of drug treatment was not remarkably improved when compared with 1988 to 1990 (Table ).Furthermore, of the 10 753 individuals, 6315 (58.7%) stated that they had no dyslipoproteinemia, although this could be confirmed in only 1734 (27.5%) (cholesterol levels Ͻ5.2 mmol/L [200 mg/dL]).We conclude that in clinical practice the acceptance of aggressive lipid lowering in secondary prevention is still low in Bavaria despite recommendations by the European Atherosclerosis Society and national scientific societies.
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Elwyn Elias
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Pathogenetic Role at Last!The work of Matsumura et al. may prove to be a major development in our understanding of the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).Hitherto, despite being the hallmark of the disease, no plausible role in pathogenesis of PBC has been attributed to the antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA).Following its binding to an in vitro cell line transfected with human polymeric immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor, dimeric IgA with specificity for the PDC-E2 component of AMA induced a significant increase of caspase activation, a pro-apoptotic change.Caspase activation was significantly increased in response to IgA from 7/8 AMA positive PBC patients but not in controls (see figure).Caspase activation was demonstrated when the specificity of IgA was for PDC-E2 but not for BCOADC-E2 or OGDC-E2, other mitochondrial antigens that react with AMA.AMA of IgG subtype did not activate the caspase system.The slow course of caspase activation suggested that it was stress mediated rather than a response to binding of IgA to cell surface death receptors.The data are compatible with the hypothesis that IgA with specificity for PDC-E2, as it transits the biliary epithelial cell, binds newly synthesized PDC-E2 that is en route from endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria, thus disrupting vital functions and threatening cell survival.The selective concentration of IgA in bile and other mucosal secretions may, equally plausibly, be the source of similar pathology in other secretory epithelia, thus accounting for the characteristic "sicca" dry gland problems found in association with PBC.
Hematopathology
Authors: Paulette Mehta
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Teaching undergraduates affects general practitioners' morale positively
Journal: BMJ (1999)

H pylori is weakly associated with heart diseaseChronic infection with Helicobacter pylori may be an avoidable cause of coronary heart disease, but most studies have been too small and prone to bias to assess this reliably.Danesh et al (p 1157) report two of the largest case-control studies so far.A study of 1122 cases of early onset myocardial infarction (average age 44 years) and 1122 age and sex matched controls found that myocardial infarction is about twice as common in people with serological evidence of persistent H pylori infection than in others.A weaker trend was found in a separate study of 510 sibling pairs.The authors conclude that in the context of previously published studies, their results show a weak association between H pylori and early onset heart disease.
Acetaminophen
Authors: BARBARA AMEER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Acetaminophen is an effective mild analgesic and antipyretic agent. In double-blind, controlled experimental pain studies of short duration, acetaminophen is superior to placebo and produces analgesia comparable to that produced by aspirin. The frequency of adverse reactions to therapeutic doses of acetaminophen is low, as is that of aspirin. Overdosage with acetaminophen, however, may result in irreversible hepatotoxicity. Since clinical manifestations of intoxication can be of slow onset, physicians may tend to delay initiation of definitive therapy. Intravenous cysteamine, and possibly oral methionine, appear to be effective in preventing hepatotoxicity if they are administered with 10 h of drug ingestion. Physicians should be aware of the potential danger of acetaminophen overdosage and alerted to its clinical manifestations.
FRIDAY 23RD SEPTEMBER
Journal: Gut (1994)

on behalf of the UK/NZ Lansoprazole Research Group.Lansoprazole 30mg od has been shown to be effective in healing reflux oesophagitis.This study investigated the relative efficacies of lansoprazole 30mg od (L30), lansoprazole 15mg od (LI 5) and ranitidine 300mg bd (R600) in preventing relapse of oesophagitis for 12 months.Patients were eligible if they were asymptomatic and had grade 0 oesophagitis following initial healing treatment with L30. 266patients who had been randomly allocated to L15 (n=96), L30 (n=89) or R600 (n=81) prior to healing, entered the study.Endoscopy was performed after 6 and 12 months of treatment and additionally at apparent symptomatic relapse.Patients were withdrawn from the trial and considered a treatment failure if oesophagitis 2 grade 1 was observed.Of the patients with a post baseline endoscopy, 67.6% (50/74) in the R600 group relapsed during the 12 month study period compared with 20.0% (15/75) and 31.4% (27/86) in the L30 and L15 groups respectively.Using a life table extension of the Mantel-Haenzel test, the treatment groups were compared with respect to the time to endoscopic relapse.Both LI5 (p<0.001) and L30 (p<0.001) significantly increased the time to relapse and the probability of no relapse compared with R600.The difference between LI 5 and L30 was not statistically significant (p=0.1 1). 117patients reported one or more clinical adverse events. 45/96 (46.9%) in the L15 group, 44/89 (49%) in the L30 group and 28/81 (34.6%) in the R600 group.Comparison between the groups demonstrated no statistically significant difference with respect to the overall incidences and severity of adverse events (Kruskal Wallis test p=0.26).The mean duration of treatment in the L30 and LI 5 groups was significantly longer (p<0.001)than in the R600 group, (269, 271 and 178 days respectively) thus there was a longer period during which adverse events were reported.Lansoprazole 15mg od and 30mg od are superior to ranitidine in maintaining healing in patients suffering from reflux oesophagitis.
On Felicity of Expression
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medizinische Praxis: Sammlung für ärztliche Fortbildung
Journal: JAMA (1942)

The purpose of this volume as expressed by the author in his preface is to furnish a handbook on virus diseases for the practicing physician rather than one for the investigator and specialist. The volume has seriously attempted to meet this need, and the mode of presentation is such as to cover the major points of knowledge from both the technical and the practical side. There is some limitation in bibliography as well as in the points of view. The sections on therapy are essentially primitive and scarcely constitute the type of discussion one would anticipate for the practicing physician. Many of the therapeutic measures would not conform to accepted American standards. Nevertheless the volume has points of value in that it brings together discussions of most of the virus diseases which are of clinical importance. Arrangement by diseases is based more on clinical similarities than on an arbitrary classification
Consultants' superannuation
Authors: R H White-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Chaos caused by maternity leave regulations SIR,-Doctors, like other NHS employees, are potentially eligible for both Whitley Council maternity leave and Employment Protection Act maternity leave.The conditions which have to be fulfilled for entitlement are different for the two sets of provisions.This means that some employees are eligible for both types of leave, some for Whitley Council, some for EPA provisions, and some for none.Routine intervention by "expert" advisers should not be necessary to interpret maternity regulations, but it is necessary at the moment.To avoid this the Medical Women's Federation proposes that the Whitley Council regulations be amended, as a matter of urgency, so that they do not conflict with EPA provisions.
Correction for vol. 56, p. 250
Authors: Rubin Tuder, P-Y Cheung, K Fyfe, P Etches, T Robertson, D Vickar, P Robinson
Journal: Thorax (2001)

seem to be specific to PCH, demonstrating the usefulness of HRCT scanning for diagnosis of this disease.Other previously reported CT findings of the disease include increased soft tissue density of the mediastinum 1 2 and mediastinal and hilar lymph adenopathies, 7 but such findings were absent in our case.Possible explanations for the stable condition of our case over a long period are either that it was a chance discovery of an early phase of the disease by HRCT scanning or that PCH has separate subtypes with diVering speeds of progression.Wider use of HRCT scanning and more extensive understanding of PCH would resolve this issue in the future.
AMA GRAMS
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Amoxapine overdose. Seizures and fatalities
Authors: T. L. Litovitz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Thirty-three amoxapine overdoses, including five fatalities, were reported to two regional poison centers over an 18-month study period. The 15.2% mortality rate stands in alarming contrast to the 0.7% death rate for all other cyclic antidepressant overdoses reported to these same two centers during the study. Seizure activity was noted in 36.4% of amoxapine overdoses, compared with 4.3% of other cyclic antidepressant poisonings. Amoxapine appears to be responsible for a disproportionate share of seizures and deaths resulting from cyclic antidepressant overdose. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:1069-1071)
Assessment of communication about palliative care between physicians and their patients with cancer prior to admission to the palliative care unit (PCU).
Authors: Benjamin Storek, Sebastian Nickel, Janett Markwordt, Asita Behzadi, Peter C. Thuss-Patience, Isrid Sturm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

18 Background: Discussions on palliative care are particularly challenging for both cancer patients (pts) and their treating physicians. From the pts perspective, prior to their admission to the PCU, information about palliative care is often lacking and their opinions are not adequately respected. In our study, we evaluated 1) whether pts were satisfied with the received information about palliative care prior to admission to the PCU, 2) the pts level of understanding about palliative care options and 3) pts wishes for their stay at the PCU. Methods: n=180 from n=273 pts participated in the study (time period: 12 months). A standardized palliative care assessment was performed on the day of admission. Study interview was performed within 48h after admission; the questionnaire contained free response and multiple-choice questions. Analysis: Likert scaling method with descriptive statistics using SPSS. Results: Baseline characteristics: n=92 male, n=88 female, median age 64 (range 26-89), 53% with an ECOG 3, n=25 hematological and n=155 oncological malignancies. Symptoms: 56% had 8-14 physical symptoms, 36% had 3-4 emotional problems, 38% had high levels of distress. Prior knowledge about palliative care: 38% did not know what a PCU was and 31% believed it was a unit for dying patients. 44% received none, 26% some information about palliative care prior admission. 42% did not feel well informed, 34% felt they received some information on palliative care. Prior information about the disease: 27% felt minimally, 64% felt well informed about their current disease state. The following points were not addressed from the physicians: living will 57%, health care proxy 59%, home care supply 70%, hospice 70%, psychooncological care 52%, prognosis 43%. Wishes of pts on the PCU: improvement in their general condition 47%, pain relief 30%. Conclusions: Our study shows that the majority of pts do not feel sufficiently informed about palliative care prior to the admission at the PCU. A communication barrier between physicians and their pts may explain patient’s views. The data confirm the importance of early integration of palliative care in addition to oncological care.
Nad(p)h oxidase and MRP genetic polymorphisms associate with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: L. Wojnowski, G. Schlueter, S. Vonhof, B. Kulle, H. Bickeboeller, M. Loeffler, M. Pfreundschuh, J. Brockmoeller, G. Hasenfuss, L. Trumper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3021 Background: Anthracyclines are widely used in the treatment of many malignancies. Up to 5% patients develop chronic anthracyclin-induced cardiotoxicity (ACT) mostly presenting as arrhythmias or congestive heart failure. The involvement of the individual genetic makeup is suggested by mouse models, but there is a lack of data on pharmacogenomic predictors of ACT in humans. Patients and methods: We genotyped DNA samples from doxorubicin-treated participants of the prospective randomized phase III NHL-B-trial of the German High Grade lymphoma study group (DSHNHL), who were followed up for the development of heart failure for a median of more than 4 years. Patients were treated with CHOP or CHOP+etoposide (CHOEP) in 14- or 21-day intervals. Blood samples were drawn before the iniation of treatment. SNPs were selected from genes implicated in heart failure, in disposition of doxorubicin and in metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Results: Out of 1500 patients, 87 developed ACT. We detected two significant associations with inherited polymorphisms, each involving a pair of functionally related proteins. The tyrosine (His72Tyr) variant of the CYBA gene-encoded subunit of the NAD(P)H oxidase p22phox (OR: 2.0 95% CI: 1.2 - 3.6), and a SNP in the RAC2 gene, which is an activator of the same enzyme. Furthermore, we detected an association of ACT with the Gly671Val variant of the doxorubicin efflux transporter MRP1 (OR: 2.4, CI: 1.2 - 4.9) and with the haplotype Val1188Glu and Cys1515Tyr of the functionally similar MRP2 (OR: 2.0, CI: 1.0 - 3.9). These results suggest that genetic variants affecting transport of doxorubicin and the propensity to generate free oxygen radicals following exposure to this drug modulate the individual risk to doxorubicin-induced ACT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The association of chromium with the risk of a first myocardial infaction in men. The EURAMIC Study.
Authors: Eliseo Guallar, F. Javier Jimenez, Pieter van ’t Veer, Peter Bode, Jose M Martin-Moreno, Frans J. Kok
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P82 Background: Chromium, an essential heavy metal, is a cofactor of insulin that increases insulin sensitivity at the receptor level. Chromium has been shown to help control blood glucose and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and glucose intolerance, and it may also improve lipid variables. Although an inverse association between chromium and cardiovascular endpoints has long been hypothesized, no epidemiologic studies have been reported on this association. Objective: To evaluate the association between toenail chromium concentrations and the risk of a first myocardial infarction in men. Setting: The EURAMIC study, a large case-control study conducted in 10 European countries and Israel. Cases (n = 684) were men with a first diagnosis of myocardial infarction recruited within 24 hours of admission to the coronary units of participating hospitals. Controls (n = 724) were men selected to be representative of the populations that originated the cases. Toenail chromium was assessed by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Results: Average concentrations of toenail chromium were 1.10 mg/kg in cases (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 - 1.18) and 1.30 mg/kg in controls (1.21 - 1.40). Age and center-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of myocardial infarction for quintiles 2-5 of toenail chromium with respect to the first quintile were 0.74 (0.54-1.03), 0.77 (0.56-1.06), 0.53 (0.38-0.75), and 0.65 (0.46-0.91). The p for trend was 0.005. This inverse association was essentially unchanged after further adjustment for smoking, body mass index, HDL cholesterol, diabetes, and history of hypertension. Multivariate adjusted odds ratios for quintiles 2-5 were 0.84 (0.56-1.26), 0.70 (0.46-1.05), 0.56 (0.37-0.87), and 0.65 (0.42-0.99), with a p for trend of 0.049. Conclusions: Toenail chromium was inversely associated to the risk of a first myocardial infarction in men. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and to elucidate the potential protective mechanisms of chromium on cardiovascular risk.
Mariner
Authors: Ben Margolis
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Humans Offer Sole Proof of Drug Teratogenicity
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OBITUARIES
Authors: Richard Stopford-Taylor, G. W. Bamber, L. G. Tulloch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article OBITUARIES Get access Richard Stopford‐Taylor, Richard Stopford‐Taylor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. W. Bamber, G. W. Bamber Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. G. Tulloch L. G. Tulloch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 5, 1 May 1965, Page 277, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14642.x Published: 01 May 1965