tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparable Sensitivity of Postmenopausal and Young Women to the Effects of Intranasal Insulin on Food Intake and Working Memory
Authors: Rosemarie Krug, Christian Benedict, Jan Born, Manfred Hallschmid
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

ABSTRACT Context We have previously shown that enhancing brain insulin signaling by intranasal administration of a single dose of the hormone acutely reduces food intake in young men but not women, whereas its improving effects on spatial and working memory are restricted to young women. Objective Against the background of animal studies suggesting that low estrogen concentrations are a prerequisite for the anorexigenic impact of central nervous insulin, we extended our foregoing study by assessing intranasal insulin effects in postmenopausal women with comparatively low estrogen concentrations, expecting them to be more sensitive than young women to the anorexigenic effects of the hormone. Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention In a within-subject, double-blind comparison performed at the University of Lübeck, 14 healthy postmenopausal women (body mass index, 23.71 ± 0.6 kg/m2; age, 57.61 ± 1.14 yr) were intranasally administered 160 IU regular human insulin or vehicle. Main Outcome Measures Subjects performed a working memory task (digit span) and a hippocampus-dependent visuospatial memory task. Subsequently, free-choice food intake from an ad libitum breakfast buffet was measured. Results Contrary to expectations, results in postmenopausal women mirrored those found in young women (22.44 ± 0.63 yr), i.e. insulin administration did not affect food intake (P &amp;gt; 0.46), but did enhance performance in the prefrontal cortex-dependent working memory task (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions Low estrogen levels as present in postmenopausal women do not modulate the effects of intranasal insulin in females, suggesting that in humans as opposed to rats, estrogen signaling does not critically alter central nervous system sensitivity to the effects of insulin on energy homeostasis and cognition.
Therapeutic antitumor immunity induced by combined intratumoral injection of dendritic cells (DCs) and systemic chemotherapy in murine lymphoma
Authors: W. Song, R. Levy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

2509 Background: DCs are potent antigen presenting cells that can induce both immune responses and self-tolerance. Immune tolerance to tumors and the lack of defined tumor antigens are the two major hurdles for immunotherapy. To overcome this, a novel immunotherapy approach was developed to induce systemic antitumor immunity by combining of intratumoral injection of naïve DCs and systemic chemotherapy in a murine tumor model. Methods: Using a murine A20 B cell lymphoma model, syngeneic mice with established subcutaneous tumors and systemic spread were treated first with chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide or CTX, 50–200mg/kg body wt) and then by direct intratumoral injection of bone marrow-derived DCs (on day 2 and 4 post chemotherapy). The mechanisms of tumor regression was also dissected. Results: Intratumoral DC injection alone had a minimal effect. The systemic chemotherapy alone resulted in only transient tumor regression with prolonged survival, but the majority of treated mice having tumor re-growth and eventually succumbing to systemic lymphoma. Strikingly, the addition of local intratumoral injection of DCs combined with systemic chemotherapy led to complete, long-term regression in the majority of treated mice. Thawed frozen DCs are equally effective as the freshly prepared DCs. This therapeutic effect of intratumoral DC injection was dose dependent and also dependent on injection of the DCs directly into the tumor site rather than a regional or distant site. Furthermore, this DC-mediated antitumor effect was systemic because distant tumor inoculated in the contra-lateral flank of the mice were also made to regress. In vivo T cell depletion studies indicated both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are involved in the tumor regression. Interestingly, tumor re-challenge in those long term surviving mice revealed broad cross protection which was also mirrored by the in vitro cytotoxic T lymphocyte assay. Conclusion: The combination of chemotherapy induced tumor death and DC loading of tumor antigens in situ may provide a convenient mode of inducing systemic antitumor immunity and may be relevent to the clinical setting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Disulfiram hypersensitivity hepatitis
Authors: E. B. Keeffe
Journal: JAMA (1974)

DISULFIRAM is widely used as adjunctive therapy in the outpatient treatment of chronic alcoholism. Except for the disulfiram-alcohol reaction, disulfiram alone appears to be well tolerated by man. In a compilation by Ayerst Laboratories (New York) of more than 160 reports from the literature of 1948 to 1971, and in a personal search of the English literature, no reference to hepatic toxicity could be found. The following case, therefore, is reported because it included two episodes of acute hepatitis that were temporally related to the administration of disulfiram. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 44-year-old white salesman was transferred from the White City domiciliary to the Portland Veterans Administration Hospital for evaluation of a rising level of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and two recent episodes of hepatitis that occurred after the administration of disulfiram. From November 1971 to March 1972 he was hospitalized at the Palo Alto Veterans Administration Hospital
SURGICAL RELIEF OF CARDIAC PAIN
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anacetrapib lowers LDL by increasing ApoB clearance in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects
Authors: John S. Millar, Gissette Reyes-Soffer, Patricia Jumes, Richard L. Dunbar, Emil M. deGoma, Amanda L. Baer, Wahida Karmally, Daniel S. Donovan, Hashmi Rafeek, Laura Pollan, Junichiro Tohyama, Amy O. Johnson-Levonas, John A. Wagner, Stephen Holleran, Joseph Obunike, Yang Liu, Rajasekhar Ramakrishnan, Michael E. Lassman, David E. Gutstein, Henry N. Ginsberg, Daniel J. Rader
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

the JCI that multiple microscopy images in Figure 2B were previously published and were used to represent different samples in another publication by the corresponding author's group (1).The authors have stated that experimental data produced ad hoc are consistent with those in the original publication; however, the paper is being retracted due to data duplication and misrepresentation in the original publication.
Death patterns in sickle cell anemia
Authors: E. B. TAttah
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In Ibadan, Nigeria, 28 patients with sickle cell disease (hemoglobin SS and SC) died and were autopsied. Fifty percent of these had died by the age of 5 years, as did 21 (68%) with homozygous hemoglobin SS disease. No death occurred in infancy or childhood among the patients with hemoglobin SC disease. Serious intercurrent disease that could have been responsible for death was present in ten patients (36%). The type and frequency of intercurrent disease appears to be related to the environment. (<i>JAMA</i>233:889-890, 1975)
Cervical Teratomas
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ALLERGY SKIN TESTS
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary Changes Seen in Some Collagen Diseases
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Aspirin in Persons Recovered From Myocardial Infarction
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study (AMIS) was a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute-sponsored, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial designed to test whether the regular administration of aspirin to men and women who had experienced at least one documented myocardial infarction (MI) would result in a significant reduction in total mortality over a three-year period. Cause-specific mortality, nonfatal events, and side effects were also evaluated. Over a 13-month period, 4,524 persons between the ages of 30 and 69 years were randomized to either 1 g of aspirin per day (2,267 persons) or placebo (2,257 persons). High levels of patient compliance to study protocol were indicated by various measures. Total mortality during the entire follow-up period was 10.8% in the aspirin group and 9.7% in the placebo group. Three-year total mortality was 9.6% in the aspirin group and 8.8% in the placebo group. The percentage of definite nonfatal MI was 8.1% in the placebo group and 6.3% in the aspirin group. Coronary incidence (coronary heart disease mortality or definite nonfatal MI) was 14.1% in the aspirin group and 14.8% in the placebo group. Symptoms suggestive of peptic ulcer, gastritis, or erosion of gastric mucosa occurred in 23.7% of the aspirin group and 14.9% in the placebo group. Based on AMIS results, aspirin is not recommended for routine use in patients who have survived an MI.
Federation Summary of Reported Medical Board Actions Released
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE IN THE NEW-BORN
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ulcers and Gastritis
Authors: H. Kashiwagi
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

This article reviews recently published reports on ulcers and gastritis. Helicobacter pylori is known to be an important pathogen involved in gastroduodenal inflammation and peptic ulcers. Conventional endoscopy is of limited usefulness in the evaluation of gastritis, but magnifying endoscopy is evidently helpful in the diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and H. pylori infection. A significant reduction in the incidence of refractory ulcers and the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease followed the introduction of H. pylori eradication treatment. Chronic H. pylori infection is associated with gastric cancer, and the effect of H. pylori eradication on the prevention of gastric cancer is an important issue that is still a matter of controversy. Endoscopic hemostasis and intravenous proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) infusion represent a widely accepted approach to the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding. In clinical practice, it is important to prevent recurrent bleeding and to treat patients who do not respond to endoscopic therapy or PPI treatment. Laparoscopic repair for peptic ulcer perforations, with postoperative eradication treatment, has gradually met with acceptance in patients with H. pylori infection. H. pylori infection and its treatment continue to be interesting problems in this field.
Gonorrhoea
Authors: A. J. King
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Background: There is growing evidence from animal models that intermittent hypoxemia (IH) may induce dyslipidemia. Altered lipid metabolism may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk observed in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In this multisite cross-sectional study, we tested the hypothesis of an independent association between nocturnal IH and dyslipidemia in OSA. Methods: Fasting serum lipid levels were measured in 2,081 patients (638 females) undergoing nocturnal recording for clinical suspicion of OSA. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to evaluate the independent associations between oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and lipid profile after adjustment for potential confounders including components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) or MS itself. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) for metabolic dyslipidemia (MD) (triglycerides [TG]≥150 mg/dL and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c]≤50 mg/dL for women and ≤40 mg/dL for men) according to quartiles of ODI were determined by logistic regression. Results: Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were not associated with ODI. In contrast, nocturnal IH and OSA severity were associated with higher TG levels and lower HDL-c levels after adjustment for confounding factors. The association between ODI and TG and HDL-c was independent of the MS. Adjusted OR (95% confidence intervals) for MD were 1 (reference), 1.56 (1.24 to 1.96), 1.72 (1.29 to 2.29), and 1.93 (1.55 to 2.41) for ODI≤7, &gt;7 to ≤18, &gt;18 to ≤38, and &gt;38, respectively (P&lt;0.0001 for linear trend). Conclusions: Nocturnal IH is independently associated with MD that may predispose OSA patients to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.
Morbidity and Mortality Study of Shale Oil Workers in the United States
Authors: Joseph Costello
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The study of the carcinogenic potential of domestic U. S. shale oil has increased significantly in importance because of the present energy problem and resulting research into alternative sources of fuel. With the increased scope of planned oil shale activity on the Colorado Plateau, it is important that an attempt be made to determine the health effects, if any, of occupational exposure to shale oil. This paper briefly reviews some past work of Soviet and British investigators concerning potential health hazards of shale oil. It reviews the results and conclusions of the 1952-1955 dermatological study of oil shale workers by the U. S. Public Health Service, and it discusses in detail the plans of a NIOSH morbidity and mortality study currently under way.
Abstract 4164: Comprehensive analysis of germline variants in patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility from 4 countries of Latin America
Authors: Felipe Vaca-Paniagua, Rosalia Quezada-Urban, Clara Estela Díaz Velásquez, Eva María Gómez García, Claudia Fabiola Méndez Catalá, Javier Oliver, Alejandra Franco, Cecilia Frecha, Cecilia Riggi, Claudia Carranza, Carlos Castañeda Altamirano, Ana Milena Gómez, Ana Lorena Montealegre, Sandra Gaitán Chaparro, Juan Javier López, Sandra Perdomo
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) is an autosomal dominant disease mainly associated to high-risk pathogenic alleles in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, but only in ~25% of HBOC cases. With the emergence of broader multi-gene panels, population-based studies have revealed that 3-4% of high-risk individuals have germline pathogenic variants in cancer risk genes other than BRCA1 and BRCA2, including ATM, CHEK2, PALB2, PTEN, TP53, and others. One of the understudied population with HBOC is the Latin American, and in this study, we aimed to identify the prevalence of high, moderate and new pathogenic alleles within two panels of cancer predisposition genes (143 and 86 genes) in 217 Latino breast cancer patients that met the NCCN criteria for panel testing in 4 countries. The Latino population was integrated by 68 Mexicans (31.3%), 19 Guatemalan (8.8%), 56 Argentinians (25.8%) and 74 Colombians (34.1%). We detected (i) 19.4% patients with pathogenic variants (42/217; Mexicans: 12, 5.5%; Guatemalans: 3, 1.4%; Argentinians: 10, 4.6%; Colombians: 17, 7.8%); (ii) 36.9% harbored variants with unknown clinical significance (VUS) (80/217; Mexicans: 24, 11.1%; Guatemalans: 6, 2.7%; Argentines: 26, 12%; Colombians: 24, 11.1%) and (iii) 43.7% were negative (95/217; Mexicans: 32, 14.7%; Guatemalans: 10, 4.6%; Argentines: 20, 9.2%; Colombians: 33, 15.2%). Moreover, most of the pathogenic variants (66%, 28/42) were found in high-risk genes including BRCA1/2, MSH2, MSH6 and PALB2. Our findings show the high locus heterogeneity of HBOC in the Latin American population. To establish the level of risk and the ultimate clinical utility of the variants detected in expanded panels tests, further international efforts are necessary in a population-based context. Citation Format: Felipe Vaca-Paniagua, Rosalia Quezada-Urban, Clara Estela Díaz Velásquez, Eva María Gómez García, Claudia Fabiola Méndez Catalá, Javier Oliver, Alejandra Franco, Cecilia Frecha, Cecilia Riggi, Claudia Carranza, Carlos Castañeda Altamirano, Ana Milena Gómez, Ana Lorena Montealegre, Sandra Gaitán Chaparro, Juan Javier López, Sandra Perdomo. Comprehensive analysis of germline variants in patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility from 4 countries of Latin America [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4164.