tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Parallel 4: Hepatitis B: Novel Treatments and Treatment Targets
Authors: Veronique Pene, Céline Hernan- Dez, Etienne Blanc, Lynda Aoudjehane, Béatrice Le Grand, Arnaud Carpentier, Jean-François Méritet, Filomena Conti, Yvon Calmus, Hélène Rouach, Philippe Podevin, Arielle Rosenberg, Michel Bazinet, Victor Pantea, Valentin Cebotarescu, Lilia Cojuhari, Paulina Jimbei, Jeffrey Albrecht, Peter Schmid, Hadi Karimzadeh, Michael Roggendorf, Andrew Vaillant
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

advantage of our HCV culture system in primary human adult hepatocytes (PHH), which, contrary to the widely used hepatocarcinoma-derived Huh-7 sublines, retain the liver metabolism of ethanol and secrete authentic VLDL and LVP.METHODS: PHH were infected with the HCV strain JFH1 or a chimeric virus derived thereof and treated with increasing doses of ethanol (0-100 mM) for 2 weeks.Cultures were monitored for HCV genome replication (negative strand RT-qPCR), viral load (clinically used test), production of infectious virus (titration by focus-formation assay), and VLDL secretion (apolipoprotein B ELISA).The density of viral particles was assessed by isopycnic iodixanol ultracentrifugation.RESULTS: Ethanol exposure of HCV-infected PHH caused a time-and dose-dependent increase in the viral load, comparable to that reported in clinical studies.Most strikingly, it caused an even greater increase in the infectious titer but did not significantly affect the viral genome replication, thus pointing to an effect on virus morphogenesis.This effect was not seen in Huh-7.5.1 cells treated in parallel, suggesting that it involves the liver metabolism of ethanol.The higher specific infectivity of HCV particles produced by PHH in the presence of ethanol correlated with lower mean buoyant density, consistent with triglyceride enrichment.Finally, in either HCV-infected or naïve PHH, addition of ethanol caused a time-dependent increase in VLDL secretion.CONCLUSION: This study in the relevant PHH model reveals that ethanol via its metabolites increases the production of HCV particles of lowest buoyant density and highest infectivity, i.e., LVP, most likely due to the impact of ethanol on triglyceride metabolism that results in increased VLDL secretion.Drugs targeting this host metabolic pathway may be useful in difficult-to-treat alcoholic patients, often poorly compliant with therapy and therefore at risk for resistance if treated by direct antivirals only.VP & CH: equal contribution.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Archibald Hill, Tom Thomas, Edward Reilly, Bruce Winter
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1976)

In this issue of the journal, the ancient origins of sports medicine are discussed in the paper by Don Masterson, who describes clinical facilities and sports injuries in the time of the ancient Greek civilisation.He points out that there was little development of sports medicine, or indeed of medicine of any kind, for some three thousand years.Scientific anatomy made large strides after the Renaissance, but physiology remained virtually a subject remote from experi- mental study until the close of the 19th century.With the beginning of the present century, physiology developed rapidly, taking advantage of related sciences such as electronics, chemistry, and pharmacology.Most effort was concentrated upon the study of the normal man and animal, and upon the infra-normal -the diseased patient.Very few people paid any attention to the study of the supra-normal, though such study could give a set of physiological parameters that could be regarded as the ideal for the fit man.Eventually a few physiologists extended their field of study to include the very fit, and the response of the very fit to severe exercise stresses that the untrained man could not undergo.
Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group (GEICAM) population-based study on breast cancer outcomes (El Álamo project): Analysis of operable, node positive breast cancer patients
Authors: A. Lluch, A. Llombart, B. Munárriz, M. Martín, M. Ramos, E. Alba, J. de la Haba, A. Plazaola, A. Antón, E. Mahillo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6045 Background: El Álamo project is a retrospective analysis of 15381 patients (pts) diagnosed of breast cancer (BC) across 43 of the main Spanish hospitals. Methods: Two cohorts were analysed: Álamo I (AI) consisted of 4532 pts diagnosed with BC between 1990 and 1993; Álamo II (AII) consisted of 10849 pts diagnosed between 1994 and 1999. AI and AII data were collected by end of year (yr) 2000 and 2003, respectively. 158 items per pt were recorded, including demographic, therapeutic and outcome data. Pts with operable, node-positive (NP) disease were selected. Results: In AI project, 51% of all pts presented with NP disease, vs. 45% in AII. Median age at diagnosis was 56 yr (AI) vs. 57 yr (AII); 63.1% vs. 63.5% of pts were postmenopausal. Percentage of pts with 1–3 NP increased from 52.2% (AI) to 54.5% (AII); whereas it decreased for pts with 4–9 NP (30% in AI vs. 26.7% in AII); proportion of pts with 3 10 NP was similar in both groups (15.5% in AI vs. 15.7% in AII). Regarding treatment, 99% of pts in both AI and AII received adjuvant therapy (AT). AT in AI group were: chemotherapy (CT) (70.4%), hormone therapy (HT) (60.6%) and radiotherapy (RT) (44.7%), usually in combination. AT in AII group were: CT (82.2%), HT (75.5%) and RT (59.2%), usually in combination. 30 pts (2.2%) were treated with high dose CT in AI vs. 296 pts (9.1%) in AII. 51.3% of all pts in AI received an anthracycline containing regimen as CT vs. 61.6% in AII. BC recurrence rate has diminished from 46.4% (AI) to 29.6% (AII). The respective nine-year survival rates for AI and AII were 58.9% (CI95%; 56.3%–61.4%) and 68.1% (CI95%; 65.5%–70.7%).Conclusions: The relative population of operable, NP BC pts has decreased by 6% in Spain between 1990 and 1997. This seems to be the main cause of outcome improvement in this group of pts, although a contribution of therapy cannot be ruled out. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hepatic preneoplasia in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice
Authors: I Toshkov
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Hepatocarcinogenesis in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice was studied by means of a correlative cytomorphological and cytochemical approach at different time points in animals from 1 to 34 mo old. HBsAg-positive ground-glass hepatocytes emerged throughout the liver parenchyma in nearly all transgenic mice during the first 4 mo after birth. The panlobular expression of HBsAg persisted until foci of altered hepatocytes appeared (6 to 9 mo of age). Three different types of foci of altered hepatocytes–namely, glycogen-storage foci, mixed cell foci and glycogen-poor foci–developed. Hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas appeared after 11 mo. Orcein staining revealed frequent transitions between ground-glass hepatocytes extensively expressing HBsAg and glycogen-storage (predominantly clear-cell) foci containing HBsAg-positive cytoplasmic components. Similar transitions between ground-glass hepatocytes and glycogenotic (clear) cells were often found in diffuse parenchymal glycogenosis at 11 or 12 mo. Remnants of HBsAg-positive material were also detected in mixed cell foci, glycogen-poor diffusely basophilic cell foci, hepatic adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. These findings suggest that ground-glass hepatocytes are the direct precursor of foci of altered hepatocytes and their neoplastic descendants. The extensive expression of HBsAg is gradually down-regulated during neoplastic transformation, just as the morphological the biochemical phenotypes of foci of altered hepatocytes, hepatic adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in transgenic mice resemble those described in chemical heterocarcinogenesis. The predominant sequence of cellular changes leading from glycogen-storage (predominantly clear cell) foci to mixed cell foci, hepatic adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma is characterized by a gradual decrease in the activities of glycogen synthase, phosphorylase, glucose-6-phosphatase and adenylate cyclase, whereas glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase activities increase. These alterations indicate a shift from the glycogenotic state toward an increase in the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis. (Hepatology 1994;20:1162–1172).
Results from a pilot of an innovative 4R Cancer Care Delivery Model: Impact on patient self-management.
Authors: Julia Rachel Trosman, Christine B. Weldon, Claudia B. Perez, Swati Kulkarni, Seema Ahsan Khan, Nora Hansen, Valerie Nelson, Jennifer Stein, Melissa A. Simon, Cathy Spagnoli, Jennifer Tepper, Kay Pearson, William John Gradishar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

6527 Background: Under the “NCI ASCO Teams” Project, we proposed a 4R Model of teamwork and patient self-management (pSM) (Trosman JOP ’16). 4R is Right Info / Care / Patient / Time. It enables patient (pt) and care team to manage interdependent care along the care continuum with an innovative multimodality personalized 4R Care Project Plan. We piloted 4R at 3 centers (academic, community, safety net) and assessed its impact on pSM. Methods: 4R Plans were administered to breast cancer pts stage 0-III Sep ’16 – Aug ’17 (4R cohort). We surveyed the 4R cohort and a comparable historical cohort of pts who received care pre-4R, Jun ’15 – May ’16 (control). We used simple frequencies and Fisher’s exact test in analyses. Results: Survey response rates: 68%, 185/271 (4R cohort); 47%, 241/410 (control). 75% of 4R respondents reported 4R Plans very useful / useful in overall understanding and organizing their care; 68% found 4R’s novel “project” component, very useful / useful in managing timing & sequencing of interdependent care. Care complexity impacted 4R usefulness: 67% of pts who received > 6 care services found 4R very useful / useful vs. 47% of pts who received < = 6 services, p = .01. Pts with lower care complexity suggested how to make 4R more useful to them, eg focus on endocrine therapy. Table compares pSM metrics in the 4R and control cohort. Care complexity was a significant factor of feeling overwhelmed for pts in the control cohort (51% of pts receiving > 6 care services felt overwhelmed vs. 31% of pts receiving < = 6 services, p = .02), but not a significant factor for pts in the 4R cohort (30% vs. 28%, p = .9). Conclusions: The 4R model significantly improved pt self-management in early breast cancer and reduced the impact of care complexity on pts, but provider factors of pSM need improvement. A 4R pilot at additional 12 cancer centers across the U.S. is in progress. Aspect of pSM %, 4R cohort, N = 185 %, Historical control cohort, N = 241 P value Know stage of your cancer 93 80 .0001 Care plan clear / very clear 84 67 .0001 Able to manage own care well / very well 78 69 .05 During care, seldom / never overwhelmed, not in control of your care 71 58 .008 Care coordination by providers to support the patient 72% 69% .5 Having a “go to” clinician to support the patient 76% 78% .7
Picturing Poxvirus
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Scientists at Oklahoma State University in Stillwater and the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio have revealed new details about how poxviruses disable the human immune system (Krumm B et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105[2]:20711-20715).
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Authors: Harry E. Guda
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> After reading the article on the tricyclic antidepressants inThe Journal, I must add my comments. First, the prescribing information was not specific enough and also needs an important precaution included. When proceeding beyond the dosage equivalent of 150 mg/day of imipramine, caution must be exercised, and it probably is not wise in most cases to use more than 150 mg for any one dose, whether at bedtime or at any other time of the day. Second, I encourage any clinician using the tricyclic antidepressants also to read the two-part series by Hollister,<sup>1</sup>for excellent and concise information. I also need to add an additional extraneous comment: Why did Cutler and Heiser not mention the article by Kline (227:1158, 1974) inThe Journalconcerning antidepressant medications for the practitioner?
Abstract 5670: Piceatannol, a catechol-type polyphenol, inhibits phorbol ester-induced NF-κB activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human breast epithelial cells: Cys179 of IKKβ as a potential target
Authors: Phil-Soon Son, Sin-Aye Park, Hye-Kyung Na, Young-Joon Surh
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract There are multiple lines of evidence supporting that inflammation is linked to carcinogenesis. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a master redox-sensitive transcription factor responsible for the induction of a wide array of proinflammatory genes, is frequently overactivated in many tumors. Moreover, constitutive activation of IκB kinase (IKK), a key regulator of NF-κB, has been implicated in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. Piceatannol (3,5,3′4′-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene: PIC) derived from grapes, Rhubarb, and sugar cane, exhibits immunosuppressive and antitumorigenic activities in several cell lines, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we found that PIC inhibited migration and anchorage-independent growth of human mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A) treated with the prototypic tumor promoter, 12-O-tetracecanoylphorbol-13-aceate (TPA). PIC treatment suppressed the TPA-induced activation of NF-κB and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in MCF-10A cells. We hypothesize that an electrophilic quinone formed as a consequence of oxidation of PIC bearing the catechol moiety may directly interact with critical cysteine thiols of IKKβ, thereby inhibiting its catalytic activity. The reducing agent dithiothreitol and the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine abrogated inhibitory effects of PIC on TPA-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of COX-2. PIC incubated with whole cell lysate from MCF-10A cells stimulated with TPA inhibited IKKβ kinase activity. The inhibitory effect of PIC was reversed when DTT was cotreated. In addition, the inhibitory effects of PIC on NF-κB signaling and COX-2 induction were blunted in cells expressing mutant IKKβ (C179A) in which cysteine 179 was replaced by alanine. In conclusion, our results suggest that modification of cysteine residues of IKKβ by PIC blocks NF-κB activation signaling and COX-2 induction in TPA-treated MCF-10A cells and also migration and transformation of these cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5670.
Cardioverters, proteins, receptors studied in cardiovascular disorders
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This year, as many as 1.5 million Americans may experience a heart attack and, according to the American Heart Association, approximately one third of them will die as a result. Despite a recent decline in the number of fatalities attributed to cardiovascular diseases, they are still considered to be the most widespread cause of death in this country. In addition to the cost in human lives, the economic cost of cardiovascular disease will exceed $72 billion in 1985, the association predicts. The following reports from the American Heart Association's Science Writers' Forum, held earlier this year in Monterey, Calif, summarize some of the recent developments in cardiovascular research. <b>Clinical investigations continue</b>on the efficacy and safety of a compact, programmable, transvenous cardioversion device at Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 1983; 250:1809-1811). Douglas P. Zipes, MD, professor of medicine and one of the developers of the experimental
Analysis of Dietary Intake of Selected Metals in the NHEXAS-Maryland Investigation
Authors: P. Barry Ryan, Kelly A. Scanlon, David L. MacIntosh
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

As part of a large pilot investigation of multimedia exposure to several classes of environmental contaminants, the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS)-Maryland study, we collected 388 semiquantitative food checklists and duplicate diet solid food samples, analyzed for arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead concentrations, from 80 individuals in Maryland in 1995-1996 in a repeated measures design. Here we explore several methods to infer foods most strongly associated with concentrations of these metals observed in the duplicate diet in our data set. We employed two techniques in which logarithmically transformed metal concentrations in the duplicate diet were regressed on individual food item consumption using algorithms designed to identify the foods most associated with the observed duplicate diet concentrations. We also employed an alternative strategy in which foods to be used as independent variables in regression were selected using data collected in national food consumption and residue surveys, with regression procedures proceeding with the selected foods in a similar manner. The concordance of foods selected as major predictors among these three techniques is noteworthy and is discussed. Finally, the Dietary Exposure Potential Model (DEPM) was used with the Dietary Checklist data to predict duplicate diet concentrations within our sample. A comparison between the predicted values and those observed gave R(2) values of 0.180, 0.206, and 0.076 for As, Cd, and Pb, respectively (p < 0.0001 in all cases). We discuss the significance of these observations and the implications for dietary-exposure-based risk analysis and dietary intake epidemiology.
New application for old drug
Authors: Z. Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Nitroglycerin is proving of value not only for the treatment of angina pectoris, but also for patients with myocardial infarction. When given by carefully controlled intravenous infusion, nitroglycerin has improved left ventricular function and compliance in a number of patients with acute myocardial infarction and moderate-to-severe left ventricular failure during the first 24 hours of therapy in intensive care units. According to Flaherty et al,<sup>1</sup>the action of the drug may be based on the lowering of peripheral resistance. Flaherty also noticed that intravenous nitroglycerin decreased the heart rate. Kaplan et al<sup>2</sup>report that nitroglycerin infused intravenously normalized blood pressure in 20 hypertensive patients during coronary artery surgery. The mean dose of nitroglycerin was 80.0±4.7μg/min, or 0.96μg/kg/min. The drug substantially decreased systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures, central venous pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and left ventricular stroke work index. Flaherty et al<sup>1</sup>
THE SEGREGATION OF PNEUMONIA
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PERIPHERAL NEURITIS AS A COMPLICATION OF GONORRHEA.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal of Neurosurgery, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bullous amyloidosis
Authors: Shernaz Walton, Janet Marks
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Bullous amyloidosis Get access Shernaz Walton, Shernaz Walton Department of Dermatology, General Infirmary, Leeds, and Royal Infirmary, Hull, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Janet Marks Janet Marks University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 114, Issue 2, 1 February 1986, Page 264, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02808.x Published: 01 February 1986
Error in Graph Line Labels
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

David J. Graham, MD, MPH; Marsha E. Reichman, PhD; Michael Wernecke, BA; Ya-Hui Hsueh, PhD; Rima Izem, PhD; Mary Ross Southworth, PharmD; Yuqin Wei, MS; Jiemin Liao, MA; Margie R. Goulding, PhD; Katrina Mott, MHS; Yoganand Chillarige, MPA; Thomas E. MaCurdy, PhD; Chris Worrall, BS; Jeffrey A. Kelman, MD, MMSc