tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply:
Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Angelo Andriulli
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

We thank Dr. Yu and colleagues for their appreciation of our study. Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection enrolled in our trial had a mean body weight of 70.9 kg, ranging from 38–109 kg.1 Because only nine patients had body weight higher than 100 kg, the vast majority of our patients actually received > 13 mg/kg/day of ribavirin. Therefore, this factor might have contributed to the higher rate of rapid virological response (RVR) reported in our investigation, as compared to previous reports from Europe and the United States. We fully agree with Dr. Yu and co-workers that maintaining the initial doses of ribavirin during the treatment play a decisive role in attaining sustained virological response (SVR). According to Davis et al.,2 the impact of dose reduction on SVR rates appeared to be greatest in patients who had to reduce the assigned ribavirin dose within the initial 12 weeks of treatment. For this reason, we tried to maintain the starting ribavirin doses in almost all our patients during the first 4 weeks of treatment and allowed them to use epoetin rather than reducing ribavirin dosage. As a consequence, our study is not completely comparable to those quoted by Dr. Yu. Only 22 (4.5%) of our patients experienced ribavirin dose reduction during the first 12 weeks overall. In four cases, this dose reduction was required during the first 4 weeks. Therefore, of 185 patients with RVR, four (2.1%) have had dose reduction of ribavirin. By contrast, of 310 patients without RVR, very few patients (19 [6.0%]) have had ribavirin dose reduction. In our experience, the ribavirin exposure appears to be one of several factors influencing the likelihood of achieving RVR, at least in patients infected with HCV genotype 1. It has been recently reported that neither early virologic response nor SVR are adversely affected by ribavirin dose reduction unless it is greater than 60% of the cumulative dose.3, 4 Similar findings are reported in patients infected with genotype 2 and 3.5 On the basis of these data, we suppose that a starting weight-based dose of ribavirin rather than a reduction of ribavirin dosage during treatment might have a major impact as a modifiable favorable predictor of SVR in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. Alessandra Mangia*, Angelo Andriulli*, * Liver Unit and Gastroenterology Division, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy.
Book Reviews
Authors: A.-E. Meyer, Waltraud Bolz, Waltraud Bolz, Adolf-Ernst Meyer, H.J. Kimm, Waltraud Bolz, A.-E. Meyer, Hartwig Gabel, Fritz Deneke, Adolf-Ernst Meyer, Waltraud Bolz, Ulrich Stuhr, Gerd Burzig, Hubert Speidel, Waltraud Bolz, Adolf-Ernst Meyer, Ulrich Stuhr, Adolf-Ernst Meyer, Waltraud Bolz, Adolf-Ernst Meyer, Waltraud Bolz, Ulrich Stuhr, Gerd Burzig
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)
Feedback regulation of bile acid synthesis in primary human hepatocytes: Evidence that CDCA is the strongest inhibitor
Authors: E Ellis
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Primary human hepatocytes were used to elucidate the effect of individual bile acids on bile acid formation in human liver. Hepatocytes were treated with free as well as glycine-conjugated bile acids. Bile acid formation and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of key enzymes and the nuclear receptor short heterodimer partner (SHP) were measured after 24 hours. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA; 100 μmol/L) significantly decreased formation of cholic acid (CA) to 44% ± 4% of controls and glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) decreased formation of CA to 67% ± 11% of controls. Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA; 100 μmol/L) had no effect. GDCA or glycocholic acid (GCA) had no significant effect on chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) synthesis. Free bile acids had a similar effect as glycine-conjugated bile acids. Addition of GCDCA, GDCA, and GCA (100 μmol/L) markedly decreased cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) mRNA levels to 2% ± 1%, 2% ± 1%, and 29% ± 11% of controls, respectively, whereas GUDCA had no effect. Addition of GDCA and GCDCA (100 μmol/L) significantly decreased sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) mRNA levels to 48% ± 5% and 61% ± 4% of controls, respectively, whereas GCA and GUDCA had no effect. Addition of GCDCA and GDCA (100 μmol/L) significantly decreased sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) mRNA levels to 59% ± 3% and 60% ± 7% of controls, respectively, whereas GUDCA and GCA had no significant effect. Addition of both GCDCA and GDCA markedly increased the mRNA levels of SHP to 298% ± 43% and 273% ± 30% of controls, respectively. In conclusion, glycine-conjugated and free bile acids suppress bile acid synthesis and mRNA levels of CYP7A1 in the order CDCA > DCA > CA > UDCA. mRNA levels of CYP8B1 and CYP27A1 are suppressed to a much lower degree than CYP7A1. (Hepatology 2003;38:930-938).
LAXATIVES AND BLOOD CONCENTRATION
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thyroid supplements and breast cancer
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> From time to time, reports are published suggesting that cancer or other forms of malignant disease may be associated with one type of medication or another. Drs Kapdi and Wolfe suggested a relationship between thyroid supplements for hypothyroidism and breast cancer (236:1124, 1976). They report that patients receiving thyroid supplements not only had a higher incidence of breast cancer than those in the general population, but also that there was a clear-cut increase in the incidence of breast cancer with advancing age (a not unexpected finding), and further, that there was a positive correlation between the duration of therapy with thyroid supplements and the incidence of breast cancer. They quote an article by Levy and Levy (<i>Am Practitioner Digest Treat</i>2:522-526,1951) suggesting that hypothyroidism might have a protective effect against the development of breast cancer. They further speculate that patients who receive thyroid supplements were deprived of
Abstract 2: Cortical Bone Stem Cells Derived Exosomes as Potent Modulator of Cardiac Immune Response and Repair After Injury
Authors: Sadia Mohsin, Constantine D Troupes, Mohsin Khan, Yijun Yang, Jaslyn Johnson, Jennifer L Petovic, Timothy Starosta, Remus M Berretta, Hajime Kubo, Steven R Houser
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Rationale: Cortical bone derived stem cells (CBSCs) are known to have improved growth kinetics and myocardial repair properties that are superior to other known stem cell types used. Salutary effects of CBSCs in large are mediated by paracrine secretion. Since exosomes represent an active component of released factors we tested if CBSC derived exosomes (CBSCs-Exo) can recapitulate the beneficial reparative effects of CBSCs. Objective: Determine CBSCs derived exosomes and their contents for myocardial repair. Methods and Results: Exosomes were isolated from murine CBSCs by ultracentrifugation and had typical size (30-100nm), as validated by electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. To determine cardiac therapeutic value, CBSCs- Exo (60μg) were injected into the border zone of the mouse heart after myocardial infarction (MI). Animals injected with CBSCs-Exo had reduced infarct size and increased myocyte survival after MI injury. Interestingly, serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced along with decreased expression of CD68+ cells in animals receiving CBSCs-Exo versus control animals. Long term analysis of CBSC-Exo animals showed improved cardiac function and contractility compared to saline treated animals concurrent with enhanced angiogenesis 6 weeks after MI. Salutary effects of CBSC-Exo were confirmed in vitro. CBSCs-Exo increased cardiac protection in NRVMs after hypoxic challenge and enhanced tube formation in HUVECs. Simultaneously, treatment of bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with CBSCs-Exo showed increased polarization towards the M2 phenotype, demonstrating an immunomodulatory capacity of CBSCs-Exo. The underlying mechanism for beneficial effects was linked to increased packaging of cardioprotective miRs including miR125, miR20 and miR18a in CBSCs-Exo confirmed by MiRNA array analysis. Conclusion: Exosomes derived from CBSCs provide a cell free system that retains the reparative power of CBSC. CBSCs-Exo augment cardiac function after myocardial injury recapitulating earlier findings with CBSCs. The packaging of cardioprotective and immune-modulatory miRs in CBSCs-Exo appears to enhance their reparative effects after MI.
Comparison of adjuvant chemoradiation to perioperative chemotherapy for the treatment of resected gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarincoma.
Authors: Howard John Lim, Hae Rin Kim, Devin Schellenberg, Christian K. Kollmannsberger, Winson Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

139 Background: There are several accepted peri-operative treatment modalities for resected gastric (GC) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. In 2008, peri-operative chemotherapy (CT) using the MAGIC protocol was adopted as the preferred approach over adjuvant chemoradiation with the MacDonald protocol (cXRT) in British Columbia. An era to era comparison was performed to determine if there were differences in outcomes. Methods: Data from pharmacy records of patients (pts) referred to 1 of 5 cancer treatment centres in BC were analyzed from Jan 2001-July 2010. Pts that underwent curative resection for GC or GEJ were included. The cXRT cohort was defined as those treated from Jan 2001-Dec 2007, prior to the introduction of CT. The CT cohort included those treated from Jan 2008-July 2010. Descriptive statistics were used to compare the groups. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan Meier methods. Results: Table 1 summarizes the patient characteristics. In the CT arm, there were more males, fewer pts with a LN ratio &gt;0.2, and shorter median follow-up. 92.1% completed pre-operative chemotherapy and 44.7% completed post-operative chemotherapy whereas 73.3% of pts completed cXRT (p&lt;0.05). Median survival was 37.5 and 36.9 months in the CT and cXRT arms, respectively. Conclusions: Delivery of CT was consistent with the MAGIC trial whereas more patients completed cXRT than in the MacDonald trial (73.3% vs. 64%). Outcomes of CT compared to cXRT appear to be similar in this comparative analysis with similar relapse and survival rates. Pre-operative CT results in fewer pts with a LN ratio &gt; 0.2. Either modality can be considered in the peri-operative management of GC or GEJ adenocarcinoma. [Table: see text]
The Refractive and Motor Mechanism of the Eye.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 529: Oncostatin M receptor as a therapeutic target of radio-immune therapy in metastatic synovial sarcoma
Authors: Sarah Luelling
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Synovial sarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy of the muscle tissue which primarily affects adolescents. While it is a rare disease, little advancement has been made in the treatment of this cancer. With an overall survival rate of roughly 40%, the need for new treatments for synovial sarcoma is evident. Oncostatin M Receptor (OSMR) is a type I cytokine receptor and is overexpressed in metastatic synovial sarcoma. OSMR does not have high expression in normal tissues, making it an ideal target for cancer therapy. We hypothesize that by using an anti-OSMR monoclonal antibody conjugated to a radioactive Cu67 isotope, synovial sarcoma can be targeted at both primary and metastatic locations through systemic therapy. Copper 67 is a gamma radiation emitting isotope which is tissue damaging and able to induce cell death in cancer cells. By conjugating the chelating molecule p-SCN-Bn-NOTA to an anti-OSMR antibody, Cu67 was able to be captured to the antibody. Capture efficiency of Cu67 was measured through TLC and found to be 64 % efficient. Binding studies through Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) found that the conjugation did not interfere with the binding affinity of the antibody. This data suggests that targeting OSMR through radio-immune therapy is a viable treatment and indicates further testing in animal models. Citation Format: Sarah Luelling. Oncostatin M receptor as a therapeutic target of radio-immune therapy in metastatic synovial sarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 529.
Tuberculous Phthisis
Authors: E. L. Fox
Journal: BMJ (1871)

AMID the various opinions upon phthisis, it seems absolutely necessary to give up the idea of Laennec and Louis, that " tubercles in the lungs should be recognised as the anatomical character of phthisis".Furtlher research and more accurate observation enable us now to class under the head of phthisis several tolerably well-known diseases, and espe- cially those forms of chronic pneumonia which Dr. Addison described and figured beautifully long before Niemeyer published anything on the subject.But the questions which I would venture to propose -for our consideration, are-How far are we to go in this direction?To what extent are these new views in accordance with the clinical experience of many of us ?The data for discussion are contained in Niemeyer's monograph upon Phthisis, and would include the following propositions.i.Chronic catarrhal pneumonia is one of the very commonest dis- eases, and is not particularly dangerous, under appropriate treatment.2. The greatest danger to most phthisical patients (i.e., those suf- fering from chronic catarrhal pneumonia) is the development of tubercles.3. If there be only a few tubercles, they are almost exclusively found in the immediate neighbourhood of cavities or cheesy deposits ; and they seldom, if ever, exist without there being found somewhere or other in the body cheesy deposits.4. Tuberculosis is in most cases a secondary disease, originating in some way unknown to us in the action of cheesy morbid products on the organism.5. The connection is probably a local influence, in which perhaps the lymphatics take a prominent part, rather than an infection of the Vslood.
TRANSFUSION CRITERIA AND BLOOD BANKING
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Spring helps research integrity report resurface
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

CORRECTING misconduct in science is the scientists' job. The government's role is to make sure that instances of misconduct, when they occur, are handled promptly and fairly and to step in only if the scientists' investigation fails. This, said Kenneth Ryan, MD, is the guiding principle behind the report by the Commission on Research Integrity. Ryan was chair of the 12-member commission chartered by Congress in 1993 to deal with allegations of fraud in federally supported scientific research. Ryan presented a summary of the commission's report during the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held in Baltimore, Md. He is Kate Macy Ladd Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. The report was delivered to the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) and to Congress last November, but, Ryan noted, it has attracted little public attention. He credited
A SIMPLE METHOD OF DETERMINING THE FRAGILITY OF THE RED CORPUSCLES
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopy innovations
Authors: Geoffroy Vanbiervliet, Jean-Michel Gonzalez, Marc Barthet
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Innovation everywhere for everybody – this is the way we can summarize the 2014 Digestive Disease Week, which was held in Chicago, Illinois, last May. Many sessions introduced new innovative materials and concepts. From the robot of the future to the simplest ideas, the congress was fertile and sometimes full of surprises. Abstracts representing significant progress and innovations in the field of digestive endoscopy are reviewed here.
Antiretroviral therapy does not prevent HIV related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Community care of long stay psychiatric patients presents few problems Some attribute the increasing number of homeless people in Britain and the high profile killings by mentally ill people to the closure of psychiatric hospitals and the lack of alternative care.On the basis of a 13 year follow up study, Trieman et al (p 13) show the outcomes for former patients of two psychiatric hospitals and dispel some of the main concerns about their fate in the community.The authors say that a change in policy towards custodial care is unjustified as much as it is unrealistic.
Hair Analysis Does Not Support Hypothesized Arsenic and Chromium Exposure from Drinking Water in Woburn, Massachusetts
Authors: Catriona E. Rogers, Aoy V. Tomita, Philip R. Trowbridge, Jec-Kong Gone, Jia Chen, Peter Zeeb, Harold F. Hemond, William G. Thilly, Ilhan Olmez, John L. Durant
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

We hypothesized that residents of Woburn, Massachusetts, had been exposed to as much as 70 microg/l of arsenic (As) and 240 microg/l of chromium (Cr) in drinking water from municipal supply wells G and H. To test this hypothesis, we measured the concentrations of As and Cr in 82 hair samples donated by 56 Woburn residents. Thirty-six samples were cut between 1964 and 1979, the period during which wells G and H were in operation. The remainder were cut either before 1964 (1938-1963; n = 26) or after 1979 (1982-1994; n = 20). Washed hair samples were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation. Exposure to the well water--measured as access--was estimated using well pumping records and a model of the Woburn water distribution system. Our results show that access to wells G and H water was not significantly correlated (95% confidence interval) with As and Cr concentrations measured in the hair of Woburn residents, but As concentrations have declined significantly over the last half century. Linear regression of As concentrations (micrograms per gram) upon year of hair cut and access to wells G and H water yielded a standard coefficient for year of -0. 0074 +/- 0.0017 (standard error; p = 2.5 -multiple- 10(-5)) and -0.12 +/- 0.10 (p = 0.22) for access. The r2 value for the model was 0.19. The geometric mean concentrations (geometric standard deviation) of As and Cr in the hair of residents who had access (i.e., relative access estimate >0) to wells G and H water (n = 27) were 0.14 (2.6) and 2.29 (1.8) microg/g, respectively; the geometric mean concentrations of As and Cr in all of the hair samples from residents who did not have access (1938-1994; n = 55) were 0.13 (3.0) and 2.19 (2.0) microg/g, respectively.