tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of a p-glycoprotein in hepatocellular carcinomas from woodchuck hepatitis virus-infected woodchucks (Marmota monax)
Authors: S Dunn
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The leading cause of human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) is hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Woodchucks infected with a closely related hepadnavirus, woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV), serve as a model for HBV because woodchucks chronically infected with WHV also develop hepatocellular carcinomas. Increased expression of p-glycoprotein (pgp) in human HCCs is a common obstacle in successful cancer chemotherapy. Pgps are encoded by a family of multidrug-resistance (MDR) genes. Livers from uninfected and WHV-infected woodchucks were examined to determine if pgp was expressed in HCCs and if there was a difference in expression between HCCs and nonneoplastic liver. A 170-kd protein was identified by Western blot in HCCs, whereas, constitutive pgp was not detected in normal liver taken from the same animals in 3 of 3 cases. Immunolocalization of the pgp with a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed intensification of staining in 7 of 20 foci and 12 of 22 HCCs from six animals. Using primers for the human MDR1 gene, a single product was detected by reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from HCCs. We have shown an increase in pgp in HCCs compared with normal liver from WHV-infected woodchucks. This is the first example of the induction of a pgp in a naturally hepadnavirus infected rodent system. It suggests the woodchuck can be a useful model for the study of the acquisition of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in virally induced HCCs. (Hepatology 1996 Apr;23(4):662-8)
Hemodialysis Vascular Access Dysfunction: A Cellular and Molecular Viewpoint
Authors: P. Roy-Chaudhury
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction is a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization in the hemodialysis population. The major cause of hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction is venous stenosis as a result of neointimal hyperplasia. Despite the magnitude of the clinical problem, however, there has been a paucity of novel therapeutic interventions in this field. This is in marked contrast to a recent plethora of targeted interventions for the treatment of arterial neointimal hyperplasia after coronary angioplasty. The reasons for this are two-fold. First there has been a relative lack of cellular and molecular research that focuses on venous neointimal hyperplasia in the <i>specific</i> setting of hemodialysis vascular access. Second, there have been inadequate efforts by the nephrology community to translate the recent advances in molecular and interventional cardiology into therapies for hemodialysis vascular access. This review therefore (<i>1</i>) briefly examines the different forms of hemodialysis vascular access that are available, (<i>2</i>) describes the pathology and pathogenesis of hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction in both polytetrafluoroethylene grafts and native arteriovenous fistulae, (<i>3</i>) reviews recent concepts about the pathogenesis of vascular stenosis that could potentially be applied in the setting of hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction, (<i>4</i>) summarizes novel experimental and clinical therapies that could potentially be used in the setting of hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction, and, finally, (<i>5</i>) offers some broad guidelines for future innovative translational and clinical research in this area that hopefully will reduce the huge clinical morbidity and economic costs that are associated with this condition.
Editorial: Should ampicillin be abandoned for treatment of Haemophilus influenzae disease?
Authors: J. D. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

When ampicillin became available for general use in 1964, it simplified treatment of bacterial meningitis during infancy and childhood. Those old enough to have lived through the "triple therapy" days will recall the many inconveniences and problems; the tremendous amount of nursing time involved in giving three different antimicrobials (and often lactate or bicarbonate for alkalinization of the urine) at four- or six-hourly intervals; repeatedly measuring sulfa levels in the blood (to assure that one was in the recommended range of 10 to 15 mg/100 ml), monitoring hematological and renal indices for drug toxicity; and the discomfort to the patient receiving all those injections. How they hated the subcutaneous injections of sulfadiazine and lactate in the belly! Ampicillin changed all that. We had a single drug uniformly effective against the usual pathogens causing meningitis beyond the newborn period. It was well tolerated intravenously or intramuscularly, and serious drug toxicity did
Bone Tumors.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medtronic submits full data on spinal protein to independent scrutiny
Journal: BMJ (2011)

we said that Dr Harlan Krumholz will be heading a steering committee that will commission two organisations with expertise in conducting large systematic reviews to evaluate the data on recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2).Dr Krumholz has advised us, however, that the steering committee that "is advisory to this process will be chaired by Dr Ezekiel Emanuel, and the committee members will be chosen with his guidance to include many different perspectives and to provide a wide range of relevant experience and expertise.
METABOLIC PATHWAYS
Authors: J. W. Locasale, T. Melman, S. S. Song, X. Yang, K. D. Swanson, L. C. Cantley, J. M. Asara, E. T. Wong, S. Adams, N. Braidy, C. Teo, G. Guillemin, M. Philippe, C. Carole, T. David, G. Eric, N.-M. Isabelle, M. de Paula Andre, B. Marylin, C. Olivier, O. L'Houcine, F.-B. Dominique, P. Leukel, C. Seliger, A. Vollmann, B. Jachnik, U. Bogdahn, P. Hau, X. Liu, V. S. Kumar, C. M. McPherson, L. Chow, A. Kendler, B. Dasgupta, S. Piya, E. White, S. Klein, H. Jiang, F. Lang, W. K. Alfred Yung, C. Gomez-Manzano, J. Fueyo, A. Vartanian, A. Guha, K. E. Fenton, M. Abdelwahab, A. C. Scheck, D. Guo, F. Reinitz, M. Youssef, C. Hong, D. Nathanson, D. Akhavan, D. Kuga, A. N. Amzajerdi, H. Soto, S. Zhu, I. Babic, A. Iwanami, K. Tanaka, B. Gini, J. DeJesus, D. D. Lisiero, T. Huang, R. Prins, P. Wen, H. I. Robbins, M. Prados, L. DeAngelis, I. Mellinghoff, M. Mehta, C. D. James, A. Chakravarti, T. Cloughesy, P. Tontonoz, P. Mischel, J. Phillips, J. Mukherjee, C. Cowdrey, J. Wiencke, R. O. Pieper, R. Bachoo, I. Marin-Valencia, S. Cho, D. Rakheja, K. Hatanpaa, T. Mashimo, V. Vemireddy, P. Kapur, L. Good, X. Sun, J. Pascual, M. Takahashi, O. Togao, J. Raisanen, E. A. Maher, R. DeBerardinis, C. Malloy, E. A. Maher, R. Bachoo, I. Marin-Valencia, K. Hatanpaa, C. Choi, T. Mashimo, J. Raisanen, D. Mathews, J. Pascual, C. Madden, B. Mickey, C. Malloy, R. DeBerardinis, J. Mukherjee, S. Zheng, J. Phillips, C. Cowdrey, S. Ronen, J. Wiencke, R. O. Pieper, I. Park, L. E. Jalbert, M. Ito, T. Ozawa, C. D. James, J. J. Phillips, D. B. Vigneron, R. O. Pieper, S. M. Ronen, S. J. Nelson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)
Government indifference over air pollution crisis in Delhi
Authors: None The Lancet Planetary Health
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2017)

In 2014, WHO classed Delhi as the world's most polluted capital city, with air quality levels worse than Beijing. And so it remains today: India's capital is one of most polluted cities on Earth. India together with China had the highest absolute numbers of deaths attributable to fine particulate matter (<2·5 μm in diameter [PM2·5]) in 2015—according to a report by the Global Burden of Disease on air pollution. Such matter is the most damaging to health, and is minuscule enough to penetrate the pulmonary alveolus.
DIPHTHERIA, LARYNGITIS AND LARYNGISMUS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Radiological aspects of familial medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Control of Sonne DysenteryMany infectious diseases of childhood have undergone a spectacular decline, but transmissible diarrhoeas continue to remain a burden to sufferers, family doctors, and public health and education services.In England Sonne dysentery is common, and it is disappointing that outbreaks should still be so frequent and often inadequately managed.The disease can be readily diagnosed-bacteriological confirmation is possible in 90% of cases-and its method of transmission is common knowledge.In short it is largely preventable.Why then are outbreaks so difficult to control ?This unsatisfactory state of affairs may be influenced by beliefs that the disease is always so widespread throughout the general population as to defy control and that when outbreaks occur specific measures are unrewarding.Neither of these assumptions is true.Two recent papers by M. E. M. Thomas and H. E. Tillett1 2 report the findings of the first long-term study of the epidemiology of Sonne dysentery in England and describe the measures of control found useful.During their 16-year period of study, which was made in Enfield, Middlesex, Sonne dysentery accounted for no less than
Induction of retinoic acid receptor beta mediates growth inhibition in retinoid resistant human colon carcinoma cells
Authors: B Nicke, E-O Riecken, S Rosewicz
Journal: Gut (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> The molecular mechanisms underlying the differential sensitivity of human colon carcinoma cells to retinoid mediated growth inhibition are poorly understood. <h3>AIM</h3> To identify the intracellular mechanisms responsible for resistance against retinoid mediated growth inhibition in human colon carcinoma cells. <h3>METHODS</h3> Anchorage independent growth of the human colon carcinoma cell lines HT29 and LoVo was determined by a human tumour clonogenic assay. Retinoid receptor expression was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and northern blotting. Retinoid mediated transactivation was assessed by transient transfection of a pTK::βREx2-luc reporter construct. Retinoid receptor overexpression was achieved by selecting stably transfected cell clones. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Retinoid treatment resulted in profound dose dependent growth inhibition in HT29 cells, while LoVo cells were unaffected. The two cell lines express identical patterns of nuclear retinoid receptor mRNA transcripts. However, on retinoid treatment, retinoic acid receptor β gene expression was upregulated only in retinoid sensitive HT29 cells, but not in retinoid resistant LoVo cells. In accordance, stable overexpression of retinoic acid receptor β but not α or γ conferred retinoid mediated growth inhibition on LoVo cells. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Induction of retinoic acid receptor β expression is required and sufficent to confer retinoid mediated growth inhibition on human colon carcinoma cells.
The Scientific Exhibit
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physiology
Authors: Hebbel E. Hoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

Cardiac Output In ManMethods for estimation of cardiac output in man have been reviewed by Hamilton,22 who suggests that standards at present generally acceptable will probably be revised upward in the future. These standards have been established largely through the careful estimation by Grollman23 of the cardiac output in 50 normal young adults in the basal resting condition and in a large number of other subjects in a wide variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions. The method employed has been the rebreathing of a mixture of acetylene and oxygen for a variable period as long as 23 seconds, with . . .
Relation of Boron to the Composition and Mechanical Properties of Bone
Authors: Harriett McCoy, Mary Alice Kenney, Catherine Montgomery, Amy Irwin, Louise Williams, Rhonda Orrell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

A review of the experimental studies relating boron to biological effects on appendicular and axial bones in animal models suggests that numerous influences, known and unknown, affect the responsiveness of bone to dietary boron.Degrees of skeletal response to boron are modified by other nutritional variables that include calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride.Evidence suggests that appendicular and axial bones may differ in their responses.Tests of the mechanical properties of bones may provide useful criteria for assessing the impacts of boron status on bone.These tests might resolve questions about optimal intakes of boron because mechanical properties sometimes respond to boron when composition of bones does not.Difficulty in interpreting some of the existing research arises because of the incipient state of knowledge regarding boron nutriture, to analytical problems associated with determining accurately the small quantities of boron in feed and tissues, and to technological difficulties in controlling extraneous exposure of experimental animals to boron.Yet there is considerable evidence that both compositional and functional proper- ties of bone are affected by boron status.-
The Effect of Branched Chain Alpha-Keto Acids
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postoperative Radiotherapy for Completely Resected Stage II or III Thymoma
Authors: Ji Hyun Chang, Hak Jae Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Joo Hyun Kim, Young Tae Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)

We excluded 50 patients from the study not because of lost follow-ups (we have investigated the status of all the included patients) but because of insufficient data in their old records or treatments (e.g., missing operation date, start/end day of radiation, unclear margin status of the pathology report, or incomplete radiation). Those can be minor problems, and the data might have been helpful in increasing the total number of patients in this study, but we decided to leave them out to enhance the reliability of the results. As mentioned in the article, this study is a retrospective study, due to which it has limitations.1Chang JH Kim HJ Wu HG et al.Postoperative radiotherapy for completely resected stage II or III thymoma.J Thorac Oncol. 2011; 6: 1282-1286Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (32) Google Scholar We tried to improve the data homogeneity, however, by applying strict inclusion criteria as much as we could to overcome the effect of differences in the treatments between the past and the present. The main topic of our article was the necessity of adjuvant radiation therapy in the completely resected invasive thymoma, including stages II and III thymoma. Furthermore, unlike in the study of Venuta et al, we did not cover thymic carcinoma and incompletely resected tumors in the study.2Venuta F Rendina EA Longo F et al.Long-term outcome after multimodality treatment for stage III thymic tumors.Ann Thorac Surg. 2003; 76 (discussion 1872): 1866-1872Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (177) Google Scholar It would be difficult to compare our article with the article on the results of the study by Venuta et al. because the characteristics of the tumor are very different. It is well known that in an inoperable thymoma or thymic carcinoma, chemotherapy might be needed in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting. However, both were not the objects of this study. Therefore, it was not important to mention chemotherapy. Moreover, it is difficult to tell the relationship between chemotherapy and its absence after metachronous cancer, and the outcome of invasive thymoma, because there are various differences between the patients (Table 1).
Acknowledgment Incorrect.
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Randomized Trial of Weekly, Twice-Monthly, and Monthly Interpersonal Psychotherapy as Maintenance Treatment for Women With Recurrent Depression
Authors: Ellen Frank
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: The authors sought to determine whether a greater frequency of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) sessions during maintenance treatment has a greater prophylactic effect than a previously validated once-a-month treatment. Method: A total of 233 women 20–60 years of age with recurrent unipolar depression were treated in an outpatient research clinic. After participants had achieved remission with weekly IPT or, if required, with weekly IPT plus antidepressant pharmacotherapy, they were randomly assigned to weekly, twice-monthly, or monthly maintenance IPT monotherapy for 2 years or until a recurrence of their depression occurred. Results: Among participants who remitted with IPT alone and entered maintenance treatment (N=99), 19 (26%) of the 74 who remained in the study throughout the 2-year maintenance phase experienced a recurrence of depression. Among participants who required the addition of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to achieve remission (N=90), 32 (36%) sustained that remission through continuation treatment and drug discontinuation and began maintenance treatment; of these, 13 (50%) of the 26 who remained in the study throughout the maintenance phase experienced a recurrence. Survival analysis of time to recurrence by randomized treatment frequency showed no effect on recurrence-free survival in either treatment subgroup. Conclusions: These results suggest that maintenance IPT, even at a frequency of only one visit per month, is a good method of prophylaxis for women who can achieve remission with IPT alone. In contrast, among those who require the addition of pharmacotherapy, IPT monotherapy represents a significantly less efficacious approach to maintenance treatment.
Scrofulous Diseases of the External Lymphatic Glands: Their Nature, Variety, and Treatment
Authors: P. C. Price
Journal: BMJ (1860)

Ew. X 1MhOIIAll OUNTIOJa& (tuns.JoMAu or gaJWs ito tho a-mM: it is covered by an op heli 6ouAtn of small ae d uoloatd cells.Having premisd thes obsevions on the healthy struoture of the lung, I pass on to eami the changes it undergoes in the progress of emphysema.[To be contiued.