tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Naming Carcinogens
Authors: Angela Diaz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

I 1 trointestinal cancer, with increasing betacarotene levels. Community Outreach and EducationThe community outreach and education core, directed by environmental neurosci- entist Luz Claudio, was established in January 1995.Its goal is to educate community residents, workers, health care professionals, and policymakers about envi- ronmental health and disease prevention.By serving as an information resource, the community outreach and education core hopes to foster environmental justice through communication with labor unions and community organizations, to encourage the teaching of occupational and environmental medicine in the medical school and in post-graduate medical curricula, and to draw more members of racial minorities into environmental health science careers.Although this core is new, most of its activities are well-established at Mount Sinai.Under the Secondary Education Through Health program (SETH), the school of medicine has exposed over 3,000 high school students to opportuni- ties in health careers, provided informa- tion on the influence of the environment and the workplace on health, and encour- aged students to become knowledgeable health consumers.The SETH program recruits more than 200 students a year through cooperating junior and senior high schools for hands-on research, library research, seminars, instruction, and expo- sure to working in clinical and research environments.Ninety-five percent of SETH students are accepted by colleges.Three of Mount Sinai's SETH students were winners of the 1994 Westing-house Talent Search.
Comparison of two quantitative HCV RNA assays Liver Unit, Academic Computing Services, and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Med School, Dallas TX
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) virus load is one of the most important predictive factors for the outcome of interferon (IFN) therapy. Recent technological advances have allowed a more precise measurement of HCV load. However, the exact cutoff values that could be used to predict the outcome of IFN have not been established for each assay. Five recent quantitative assays were evaluated for the measurement of HCV (Amplicor monitor ver 1.0, Amplicor monitor ver 2.0 (GT), Amplicor monitor ver 2.0 (Cobas), Quantiplex branched DNA amplification (bDNA) ver 2.0 and HCV core protein level by enzyme immunosorbent assay) in 209 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C, who received IFN therapy. The results of the two second generation Amplicor monitor tests (GT and Cobas) showed the best correlation (r=0.930), but the other tests also showed relatively good correlations (r=0.646–0.925). Each method predicted the effect of IFN with comparable predictive efficacy, ranging from 77.0 to 80.8%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that Amplicor monitor ver 2.0 and bDNA ver 2.0 are superior in predicting the response in genotype 2a. The best cutoff value for predicting the response to IFN was different by genotype, which should be considered in selecting candidates for IFN treatment.
An extended study of indomethacin. I. Clinical pharmacology
Authors: N. O. Rothermich
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The effects of indomethacin were studied in the human on long-term therapy in 234 patient-trials and on largedose, acute toxicity trials in six patients. Side effects were limited to the central nervous system (CNS), with symptoms of headache, vertigo, light-headedness, and disturbed sensorium, and to the gastrointestinal system, with symptoms of epigastric pain, cramping, and peptic ulceration. The CNS side effects were quite frequent, reaching a total incidence of 47.1% and were severe enough in 20% to require discontinuance of the drug. These side effects are of a transient nature without residuals or sequelae and disappear promptly on cessation of the drug. The gastrointestinal symptoms were less frequent, and in only 12.5% were they severe enough to warrant cessation of the drug. The high incidence of side effects was influenced by the exceptionally high doses used in this experimental study; the incidence in clinical therapy would be much lower. No other complications or side effects could be detected.
Editorial: Reye's syndrome.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Reye's SyndromeA clinician presented with a child, previously well, who has developed convulsions or disturbances of consciousness or both proceeding rapidly to coma is faced with a bewildering range of differential diagnoses.Head injuries, vascular accidents, intracranial space-occupying lesions, and direct infec- tion of the central nervous system must be excluded on the basis of the clinical features and by appropriate investigations.Exogenous toxins may need to be looked for as well as meta- bolic disorders such as hypernatraemia, hypoglycaemia, diabetic acidosis, hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia, uraemia, water intoxication, and acute porphyria.Hypertensive ence- phalopathy occurring early in glomerulonephritis before a renal lesion is suspected may also cause confusion.Also to be considered is acute toxic encephalopathy, a poorly understood condition in which convulsions and coma with fever and vomiting develop during such illness as upper respiratory tract infections, gastroenteritis, dysentery, pneumonia, or one ofthe exanthemata.Only supportive and symptomatic treatment is available for this condition.With such a range of differential diagnoses, it is disappointing but understandable that another well-recognized cause of coma and convulsions in this age group, Reye's syndrome or encephalopathy with fatty degeneration of the viscera, is often not recognized in life' 12 years after Reye, Morgan, and Baral2 first drew attention to it.Classically there may be a history of a mild prodromal illness from which the child is apparently recovering.35Vomiting, which may be severe, may precede central nervous system symptoms by 3-72 hours, but it does not occur in all cases.The common course is rapid progressive deterioration of consciousness, with convulsions proceeding to coma and decerebrate posturing, death often following in 24-48 hours.There are no focal central nervous system signs, nor meningismus.Papilloedema is unusual early in the course.Hyperpnoea or irregular respiration should arouse diagnostic suspicion.Mild to moderate hepatomegaly may indicate visceral lesions, but it is absent in more than half of cases.Jaundice is unusual.Only by doing liver function tests is the diagnosis likely to be suspected in life.If two of the following criteria are satisfied without any other obvious explanation for the clinical and biochemical features, Reye's syndrome is a probable diagnosis: aspartate aminotransferase level more than two and a half times normal, a prothrombin activity of less than 600% of normal, and a blood sugar of less than 3 mmol or a C.S.F.glucose of less than 2 mmol 1.A blood ammonia level higher
Radiofréquence oesophagienne: à propos de 7 cas
Authors: F Caillol, E Bories, C Pesenti, M Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Introduction: Depuis quelques années la résection endoscopique est proposée comme traitement de l'endobrachyoesophqge (EBO) avec dysplasie avec un succès estiméà 66%. Plus récemment est apparue la radiofréquence oesophagienne (système Halo). Associée ou non à la résection endoscopique il a été rapporté 98% à 70% de succès. Nous rapportons notre expérience chez 7 patients comme traitement de l'EBO.
AORTIC EMBOLECTOMY
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 651: Myocardial NEFA Uptake is Enhanced to a Greater Extent Than NEFA Oxidation in Conscious Senescent Beagles with Myocardial Insulin Resistance
Authors: Siva Bhashyam, Suzanne B Brown, Christine Friday, Claire Shorall, Brandy Drabicki, Richard P Shannon
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : Prior studies have demonstrated that aging is associated with myocardial insulin resistance, mitochondrial ultra-structural changes and decreased UCP-3 protein. We sought to determine the relationship between these metabolic limitations and myocardial NEFA uptake and oxidation in senescent beagles. Methods : Eight young (age 3– 4 years) and 8 senescent (age 11–12 years) beagles underwent chronic instrumentation for measurement of hemodymics and myocardial substrate balance. All dogs were subjected to an 8 week exercise training program prior to instrumentation to control for activity level. In the fasting, conscious state, myocardial NEFA uptake and oxidation was measured using 3 H-oleate, and insulin resistance was assessed via hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. Samples of LV myocardium were harvested at euthanasia to measure components of NEFA transport. Results : There was no difference in body weight or adiposity between groups. Older beagles had marked (p&lt;0.01) increases in plasma NEFA (Y:426± 65; O:902±78 μMol/min) and increased cardiac NE spillover (Y:21±4; O: 221±36 pmol/min). However, myocardial external efficiency was reduced (p&lt;0.05) in older dogs (Y:15±3; O: 9±3 g·m 2 /ml O 2 /min). Hearts from older beagles demonstrated significant increases (p&lt;0.01) in NEFA uptake (Y: 5.2±0.9; O: 9.3±0.8 μMol/min/100g), and only modest increases in oxidation (Y: 4.9±0.6; O: 7.0±1.1 μMol/min/ 100g). In sarcolemmal membranes, expression of Fatty Acid Transport Protein-1 (FATP-1) was upregulated (Y:72 11 DU; O: 235 21 DU, p&lt;0.05), whereas that of FAT/CD36 was markedly reduced (Y: 1,312±123; O: 387±12 DU, p&lt;0.001). There was no difference in PPARα (Y: 425±25; O: 475±116 DU) or PGC-1α (Y: 637±53; O: 633±14 DU) expression. The cumulative result of these changes was an accumulation of neutral lipids within older hearts and significant (p&lt;0.02) insulin resistance (Y: 8.3 ±0.6; O: 4.3±0.8 μMol/min/100g). Conclusion : In older beagles, myocardial NEFA uptake exceeds oxidation, resulting in intramyocardial lipid accumulation. Increased FA uptake occurs despite decreased FAT/CD36 expression, and may be mediated by an upreguation of FATP-1 expression. These changes are seen in association with progressive myocardial insulin resistance.
The National Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network
Authors: J. C. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE NATIONAL Transplantation Act of 1984 (Public Law 98-507, Section 372) established a national health policy regarding transplantation. Public interest in this scientific field has caused concern in the professional community.<sup>1</sup>This commentary is submitted to clarify the situation. About five years ago a new immunosuppressive agent came into general use. This agent, cyclosporin, substantially improved renal allograft success, but more important, it revolutionized the transplantation of hearts and livers. There ensued a remarkable increase in the number of transplantations performed in this country. In the past six years the number of renal transplants performed yearly has increased from 5000 to approximately 10 000. Heart transplants have increased from a handful to about 1400 in 1986. Similarly, liver transplants have increased from a negligible number to about 900 in 1986. This sudden increase in demand for transplantable organs created a crisis. The profession had produced a remarkable scientific achievement
Medicolegal
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SUGGESTION IN HYPERTHYROIDISM
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Karyotype Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL): Analysis of Cytogenetic Data from 1,235 Patients on the Medical Research Council (MRC) UKALLXII /Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 2993 Trial.
Authors: Anthony V. Moorman, Christine J. Harrison, Sue M. Richards, Adele Fielding, Martin S. Tallman, Mark R. Litzow, Jacob M. Rowe, Anthony H. Goldstone, Gordon W. Dewald
Journal: Blood (2005)
Reviews and Notes: Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pain by Body Region
Authors: Bernard Slosberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 April 1994Reviews and Notes: Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pain by Body RegionBernard SlosbergBernard SlosbergGeorge Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20038.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-7-199404010-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pain by Body RegionStanley L. Wiener. 845 pages. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1993. $65.00.The number of general texts and manuals available for adult primary care physicians has grown rapidly in recent years. Some of these have followed the traditional style of providing an exhaustive description of all facts related to a specific disease. Others are more problem-oriented, offering guidance from the point of initial presentation of a problem or therapeutic options for problems without a precise diagnosis. This book is distinctive in its user-friendly format. It is problem-oriented, focusing on the cardinal symptom of pain ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20038. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 7Page: 623KeywordsPrimary care physiciansStroke ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The New Penicillins
Authors: Jerome O. Klein, Maxwell Finland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Penicillinase-Resistant PenicillinsThe introduction of methicillin in September, I960,77 , 78 provided a drug with a unique property not found in earlier penicillins — namely, resistance to hydrolysis by penicillinase. Within the following two years several other penicillinase-resistant penicillins became available, which, in addition, proved to be more active in vitro and also well absorbed orally, which methicillin is not. The new compounds, however, also exhibited greater serum binding than methicillin. Whether or not these differences will be translated into superior clinical results still remains to be proved by sufficiently large and adequately controlled clinical experience.MethicillinThe antibacterial activity of methicillin . . .
Studies on the "Mucous Barrier": Evaluation of Sialic Acid as a Protective Factor Against Degradation of Gastric Mucus by Pancreatic Endopeptidases
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2933: Application of a mouse model humanized for the major pathways of drug disposition in anticancer drug development and use
Authors: Colin J. Henderson, Nico Scheer, Yury Kapelyukh, Aileen McLaren, Kenneth MacLeod, Anja Rode, De Lin, C Roland Wolf
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract A vast number of targeted anticancer drugs are being developed in the pharmaceutical industry whose efficacy will only become fully realized through their combination with other established or novel anti-tumor agents. This is particularly the case because combination chemotherapy is a major approach being taken to overcome the rapid onset of drug resistance which current dosing regimens can cause. This has raised the conundrum of which of the large number of possible drug combinations, which may involve combinations of more than two drugs, have the greatest chance of success. It is not possible to test all the possible combinations by clinical trial alone so more informative preclinical models are badly needed. Nearly all targeted anti-tumor agents are substrates for the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase system. The testing of novel drug regimens in mice is severely compromised by the major species differences in this enzyme system both in catalytic function, in the pattern of metabolite formation and the regulation by transcription factors such as CAR and PXR. In order to circumvent this problem we have created a mouse model where thirty four murine P450’s have been deleted from the mouse genome and substituted for the major enzymes involved in drug disposition in man ie CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 and CYP3A7. The mice have also been humanized for the transcription factors CAR and PXR. CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 are expressed off the human promoters. We report the validation the utility of this model by studying the in vivo metabolism and disposition of model drugs and the metabolism and disposition of the EGFR inhibitor, osimertinib and the BRAF inhibitor, dabrafenib. We show that the use of this model allows accurate prediction of clinically observed drug exposures, in the generation of human metabolites and drug/drug interactions. This model has therefore great potential for the development of combination therapies involving complex drug regimens and in the design of clinical trials targeted at overcoming drug resistance. Citation Format: Colin J. Henderson, Nico Scheer, Yury Kapelyukh, Aileen McLaren, Kenneth MacLeod, Anja Rode, De Lin, C Roland Wolf. Application of a mouse model humanized for the major pathways of drug disposition in anticancer drug development and use [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2933.