tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The relation of a medical school to its surrounding community. Medical manpower--a continuing crisis
Authors: W. H. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1967)

No word in the American vocabulary is more elastic than "community." We can stretch it to embrace the world, or tighten it to enclose a family or two. We use it literally to define a certain portion of geography, or figuratively to set apart a group of presumably kindred souls—the "scientific community," for example. Therefore when we talk about the relationship between medical school and community we have to watch our language. Which community are we talking about in connection with which medical school functions? Also, which community are we talking about in connection with which medical schools? For it seems likely that there should be some difference in community relationships between one of the five medical schools serving the super-community of New York, on the one hand, and a medical school serving a state like Vermont or Nevada on the other. Given this wide disparity of communities, is it
Alternative methods for assessing bronchodilator reversibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: J Hadcroft, P M A Calverley
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND Bronchodilator reversibility testing is recommended in all patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but does not predict improvements in breathlessness or exercise performance. Two alternative ways of assessing lung mechanics—measurement of end expiratory lung volume (EELV) using the inspiratory capacity manoeuvre and application of negative expiratory pressure (NEP) during tidal breathing to detect tidal airflow limitation—do relate to the degree of breathlessness in COPD. Their usefulness as end points in bronchodilator reversibility testing has not been examined. METHODS We studied 20 patients with clinically stable COPD (mean age 69.9 (1.5) years, 15 men, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) 29.5 (1.6)% predicted) with tidal flow limitation as assessed by their maximum flow-volume loop. Spirometric parameters, slow vital capacity (SVC), inspiratory capacity (IC), and NEP were measured seated, before and after nebulised saline, and at intervals after 5 mg nebulised salbutamol and 500 μg nebulised ipratropium bromide. The patients attended twice and the treatment order was randomised. RESULTS Mean FEV 1 , FVC, SVC, and IC were unchanged after saline but the degree of tidal flow limitation varied. FEV 1 improved significantly after salbutamol and ipratropium (0.11 (0.02) l and 0.09 (0.02) l, respectively) as did the other lung volumes with further significant increases after the combination. Tidal volume and mean expiratory flow increased significantly after all bronchodilators but breathlessness fell significantly only after the combination treatment. The initial NEP score was unrelated to subsequent changes in lung volume. CONCLUSIONS NEP is not an appropriate measurement of acute bronchodilator responsiveness. Changes in IC were significantly larger than those in FEV 1 and may be more easily detected. However, our data showed no evidence for separation of “reversible” and “irreversible” groups whatever outcome measure was adopted.
Low-level lead exposure and the IQ of children. A meta-analysis of modern studies
Authors: H. L. Needleman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We identified 24 modern studies of childhood exposures to lead in relation to IQ. From this population, 12 that employed multiple regression analysis with IQ as the dependent variable and lead as the main effect and that controlled for nonlead covariates were selected for a quantitative, integrated review or metaanalysis. The studies were grouped according to type of tissue analyzed for lead. There were 7 blood and 5 tooth lead studies. Within each group, we obtained joint<i>P</i>values by two different methods and average effect sizes as measured by the partial correlation coefficients. We also investigated the sensitivity of the results to any single study. The sample sizes ranged from 75 to 724. The sign of the regression coefficient for lead was negative in 11 of 12 studies. The negative partial r's for lead ranged from —.27 to —.003. The power to find an effect was limited, below 0.6 in 7 of 12 studies. The joint<i>P</i>values for the blood lead studies were &lt;.0001 for both methods of analysis (95% confidence interval for group partial<i>r</i>, —.15±.05), while for the tooth lead studies they were.0005 and.004, respectively (95% confidence interval for group partial<i>r</i>, —.08±.05). The hypothesis that lead impairs children's IQ at low dose is strongly supported by this quantitative review. The effect is robust to the impact of any single study. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:673-678)
Neurologic Manifestations of Myxedema
Authors: Vernon Sanders
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

We may recognise in myxoedema three principal lines of abnormality. First, intellectual; consisting in slowness of thought, in slowness of volition, in loss of memory, in irritability of temper, in unwarranted suspicions, in delusions, in actual insanity, or in stupor growing to coma. Second, in sensation. General sensation undergoes a change . . . the recognition of impressions made on the surface is distinctly retarded . . . Thirdly, the motor powers are disturbed in a singular way; all motion is slow; co-ordination is imperfectly adjusted . . . Reflex actions are produced with considerable delay. (William Ord,1 1884.)THE . . .
Effect of Hydroxyurea on Mortality and Morbidity in Adult Sickle Cell Anemia: Risks and Benefits Up to 9 Years of Treatment—Correction
Authors: Takeo Nakayama, Shunichi Fukuhara, Kiichiro Tsutani, Shigeaki Yamazaki
Journal: JAMA (2003)

209 were from academic books and official reports.The most
Potential Health Effects of Climatic Change: Effects of Increased Ultraviolet Radiation on Man
Authors: Frederick Urbach
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

There is scientific evidence that stratospheric ozone concentration has declined over the Northern Hemisphere in the past 20 years, and projections based on various assumptions about future release of chlorofluorocarbon gases and other contaminants suggest that this decline will continue into the next century. The effects on human health secondary to increase in biologically effective ultraviolet radiation are expected to consist of increases in nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanoma of the skin, possible alteration of immune response, and development of lens cataracts. The recent and projected increases in skin cancer and changes in human immune responses are discussed.
Pharmacology
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Group Information and Figure
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Pierre-Yves Ancel, PhD; François Goffinet, PhD; and the EPIPAGE-2 Writing Group; Pierre Kuhn, PhD; Bruno Langer, MD; Jacqueline Matis, MD; Xavier Hernandorena, MD; Pierre Chabanier; Laurence Joly-Pedespan, MD; Bénédicte Lecomte, MD; Françoise Vendittelli, PhD; Michel Dreyfus, MD; Bernard Guillois, MD; Antoine Burguet, PhD; Pierre Sagot, MD; Jacques Sizun, MD; Alain Beuchée, MD; Florence Rouget, MD; Amélie Favreau, MD; Elie Saliba, PhD; Nathalie Bednarek, PhD; Patrice Morville, MD; Gérard Thiriez, PhD; Loïc Marpeau, MD; Stéphane Marret, PhD; Gilles Kayem, PhD; Xavier Durrmeyer, MD; Michèle Granier, MD; Olivier Baud, PhD; Pierre-Henri Jarreau, PhD; Delphine Mitanchez, PhD; Pascal Boileau, PhD; Pierre Boulot, MD; Gilles Cambonie, PhD; Hubert Daudé, MD; Antoine Bédu, PhD; Fabienne Mons, PhD; Jeanne Fresson, PhD; Rachel Vieux, PhD; Corine Alberge, MD; Catherine Arnaud, PhD; Christophe Vayssière, MD; Patrick Truffert, PhD; Véronique Pierrat, PhD; Damien Subtil, PhD; Claude D’Ercole, MD; Catherine Gire, MD; Umberto Simeoni, MD; André Bongain, PhD; Loïc Sentilhes, PhD; Jean-Christophe Rozé, PhD; Jean Gondry, MD; André Leke, PhD; Michel Deiber, MD; Olivier Claris, PhD; Jean-Charles Picaud, PhD; Anne Ego, PhD; Thierry Debillon, PhD; Anne Poulichet, MD; Eliane Coliné, MD; Anne Favre, MD; Olivier Fléchelles, MSc; Sylvain Samperiz, MD; Duksha Ramful, MD; Bernard Branger; Valérie Benhammou, PhD; Laurence Foix-L’Hélias, PhD; Laetitia Marchand-Martin, MSc; Monique Kaminski, MSc
Scottish Medical Journal, Glasgow
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pretraining for International Medical Graduates
Authors: Michael Phillips
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 March 1993Pretraining for International Medical GraduatesMichael Phillips, MDMichael Phillips, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-5-199303010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The problems of international medical graduates have much in common with the problems associated with international trade in commodities such as pots, pans, and automobiles. Suppose Country A produces more physicians than it can employ, and Country B cannot produce enough physicians who want to train as internists. In a free market, physicians will inevitably migrate from Country A to Country B to fill the vacant training positions in internal medicine.This entirely predictable state of affairs has been accompanied by much hand-wringing and lamentation, remarkably reminiscent of Detroit's response to imported Japanese automobiles. The debate has ...References1. Levey GS. Internal medicine and the training of international medical graduates: a time for open discussion and new approaches. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:403-7. Google Scholar2. Kubler-Ross E. On Death and Dying. New York: Macmillan; 1969. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1993Volume 118, Issue 5Page: 396-398KeywordsFearGraduate medical educationHeartQuality improvement Issue Published: 1 March 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
ARTIFICIAL IMMUNIZATION AGAINST TYPHOID FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
International Abstracts
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Empirical Modeling of an in Vitro Activity of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Congeners and Mixtures
Authors: David J. Svendsgaard, Thomas R. Ward, Hugh A. Tilson, Prasada Rao S. Kodavanti
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The goal of this research is to predict an in vitro activity of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and their mixtures and to describe the relationship between this activity and chemical structure. The test system used multiple PCB concentrations on each cell culture plate in a repeated measures design, which improved precision for comparing between concentration levels. A weighted regression that accounted for this experimental design feature was used in fitting a nonlinear dose-response exponential model to the PCB concentration-activity data from an in vitro test system in which 3H-phorbol ester binding was measured in cerebellar granule cells exposed to different PCB congeners to test for their effects on protein kinase C translocation. The model allowed for the minimum level to be less than control, a common slope, and the estimation of the log of the concentration that produces an activity 50% above the control activity (E50) for 36 congeners and 3 commercial mixtures. Next, a weighted logistic regression using a second order response model in the variables Clortho, Clpara, and Clmeta was used to relate the estimated log E50s to indicators of chemical structure. This model was preferred over models that might seem more mechanistically based because in internal validation, it attained a smaller PRESS statistic (the sum of squares between all observed and predicted observations) than other models. Evidently, this second order model makes more efficient use of parameters than other models considered. Plots of the predictions of the logistic second order response model versus log Kow confirm the usual pattern that congeners with intermediate levels of log Kow are the more active. The data of three commercial mixtures were included in this regression by assuming a common combination index (ratio of observed E50 to predicted E50, assuming dose addition). The logistic model suggests that congeners with one, two, or three chlorine substitutions at the ortho position are more active than other congeners. Also, congeners with log Kow between 5.2 and 6.6 are generally more active. The estimated combination index indicated that the joint action of PCB congeners in the three commercial mixtures was less than dose additive. The error sum of squares was significantly large, which may indicate a lack of fit of the logistic model. Empirical Bayes estimates (EBE) are weighted averages of model predictions and observations of E50s and can be better estimates than the fitted model when there is a lack of fit. The PRESS statistic for the EBE indicated larger prediction error than for the logistic model, but the EBE provided better estimates of commercial mixture E50s based on dose addition. This may indicate that the logistic model is not incorporating all the information in the single congener data needed to predict mixtures.
Thromboembolic risk stratification based on SPAF clinical criteria in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and flutter: a prospective transesophageal echocardiography study
Authors: Nadia Benyounes, Lydia Djaouti, Charles Smadja, Catherine Albo, Franck Boccara, Ariel Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
An impacted fracture of the femoral neck
Authors: O. E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Butler: The case for today is an impacted fracture of the femoral neck. It will be presented in several parts with discussion after each. A 43-year-old woman slipped and fell on the ice on Jan 1, 1969, landing on her left hip. She was helped to their car by her brother, and taken to a local emergency room for examination. X-ray films (Fig 1) revealed an impacted fracture of the left femoral neck. She had sustained no other injuries, and was in excellent general health. Dr. Aufranc will discuss the management of this case. Dr. Aufranc: The impacted fracture of the neck of the femur will always present the same dilemma, namely, is it favorably or unfavorably impacted? How can we tell without giving it a "test of labor"? Do we find, if it holds together, that it is favorably impacted? Or do we assume, if it falls apart,
<i>QuickStats:</i>Percentage* of Adults Aged 18–64 Years Who Did Not Wake Up Feeling Well Rested on ≥4 Days in the Past Week,<sup>†</sup>by Parental Status, Sex, and Age of Youngest Child<sup>§</sup>— National Health Interview Survey, 2013–2014<sup>¶</sup>
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

With 95% confidence intervals indicated with error bars.† Based on the response of ≤3 days to the survey question "In the past week, on how many days did you wake up feeling well rested?"§ Based on the age of the youngest child living in the family.¶ Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the noninstitutionalized U.S.
Induced Fibrinolytic Activity and Hypofibrinogenemia
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Solar keratoses
Authors: R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Solar keratoses Get access R. MARKS R. MARKS Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K. Professor R. Marks, Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue s35, 1 April 1990, Pages 49–60, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb16125.x Published: 01 April 1990
ERCP topics
Authors: T. Nguyen-Tang, J.-M. Dumonceau
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

More than 200 abstracts were devoted to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) at this year’s Digestive Diseases Week. This again confirms the sustained rate of new developments in this area. For this review, we have selected some of the main highlights, including effective means of preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis, techniques for removing self-expandable metal stents, the contribution of intraductal ultrasonography and peroral cholangioscopy for the evaluation of biliary strictures, large balloon (20 mm) for biliary stone extraction, and several promising new techniques.
BENEFICENT STREPTOCOCCI
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal