tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Individual and institutional liability for transfusion-acquired diseases. An update
Authors: B. Rabkin
Journal: JAMA (1986)

A 1985<i>JAMA</i>SPECIAL COMMUNICATION<sup>1</sup>presented a rather pessimistic view of the risk of liability to hospitals, blood banks, and physicians for transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Relatively recent alterations in the legal classification of blood and blood products, now statutory law in 45 of the 50 states (exceptions are New York, New Jersey, Minnesota, New Hampshire, and Vermont), have modified the outlook for those at risk of transfusion-associated AIDS lawsuits. Under current law, a blood recipient who suffers a transfusion-related injury or contracts a transfusion-related disease may only prevail in court if actual negligence on the part of the blood bank, hospital, and/or physician is proved. Negligence only exists where the defendants fail to follow generally accepted professional guidelines including those relating to informed consent, indications for transfusion, and emergency and nonemergency situations. In this instance, the screening guidelines of the American Association of Blood Banks or other
LIGHT AND NUTRITION
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1426: Expansion of CD8+PD-1+ T cells restored TCR repertoire as a prognostic marker to adoptive T cell immunotherapy of advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Guoliang Qiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: We have previously reported the clinical benefits of autologous adoptive T cell immunotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer (APC). We therefore aimed to further identify the core functional population of CD8+ T cells which exerted on the aberrant TCR repertoire and subsequently contribute to favorable prognosis after adoptive T cell therapy(ACT). Experimental Design: PBMC from APC patients (n=25) treated on a protocol of S-1 plus adoptive T cell immunotherapy were expanded ex vivo with a cytokine cocktail. The different fractions of CD8+PD-1+, CD8+LAG-3+, CD8+TIM-3+ and CD8+4-1BB+ T cells from time dependent segment were quantitated and expression of co-inhibitory molecules and biological functions on tumor killing and comparative analysis TCR repertoire from each patient were measured. The multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis was performed to identify the key T cell subset that affected the TCR repertoire recovery and subsequently associated with clinical outcome. Results: The CD3+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+ T cells within the expanded cell product reached peak levels by day 15. CD8+ T cells exhibited enhanced expression of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3, but not 4-1BB, after ex vivo expansion. Survival analysis showed that patients with a ratio of post/pre CD8+PD-1+ T cells &amp;gt; 2 had significantly favorable progressive-free survival (PFS) (median PFS time 180 days vs 85 days, P=0.002) and overall survival (OS) (median OS time 238 days versus 142 days, P=0.024). The sorted CD8+PD-1+ T cells displayed enhanced anti-tumor activity, and increased IFN-γ secretion after co-culture with autologous tumor cell lines. TCR repertoire diversity simultaneously rose during the ex vivo expansion and was associated with an increase in CD8+ T cells and decline in CD8+/CD28- T cells. Moreover, an increased TCR diversity was associated with significantly favorable PFS (median PFS time 166 days vs 79 days, P=0.043) and OS (median OS time 216 days versus 112 days, P=0.031) and was associated with the extent of expansion of the CD8+PD-1+ T cells (r2=0.464, P=0.001). Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that post/pre CD8+PD-1+ T cells after expansion ex vivo was an independent prognostic marker associated with both OS(P=0.009) and PFS(P=0.012). Conclusion: CD8+PD-1+ T cells, after ex vivo expansion over 15 days, are tumor-reactive. The extent of CD8+PD-1+ T cell expansion could restore TCR repertoire and was an independent prognostic factor associated with clinical outcomes in APC patients treated with ACT. Citation Format: Guoliang Qiao. Expansion of CD8+PD-1+ T cells restored TCR repertoire as a prognostic marker to adoptive T cell immunotherapy of advanced pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1426.
Physician performance of laboratory tests in self-service facilities. Residents' perceptions and performance
Authors: L. H. Hilborne
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Primary care physicians perform simple laboratory tests in clinical practice, frequently with little formal training. To determine the frequency of tests that are performed and evaluate house officer laboratory skills, we surveyed house officer attitudes and tested their ability to perform four common laboratory tests. We received 193 responses from 254 house officers at one university teaching hospital. While most perceived the need to use ward laboratories (ie, self-service laboratories located on patient care wards), 67% used them infrequently. Barriers included poor laboratory condition, inadequate time, accuracy, and infectious exposure concerns. Twenty-four percent felt they did not know or were unsure if they knew how to perform simple tests. Forty-seven house officers completed the practical examination. Most accurately reported a spun hematocrit and correctly identified white blood cell findings on a blood smear. Only 50% counted 100 cells. Urinary dipstick interpretation was generally acceptable but the microscopic examination was less accurate. Twenty-three percent failed to identify gram-negative rods on a slide with both gram-positive cocci and gram-negative rods. If physicians are to perform selected laboratory tests, these data suggest, at least in one institution, more formal training, practice, and evaluation are necessary to ensure their performance with adequate proficiency. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:382-386)
Classic Pages
Authors: T Brodie
Journal: Circulation Research (1969)

In examining our results from the point of view of the strength of stimulus required to produce reflex inhibition, we show clearly that, as compared to the strength required when the central end of the vagus in the neck is excited, the stimulus must be distinctly greater.Moreover in the most marked cases the reflex inhibition is never very pronounced and there is never anything approaching to complete standstill.C. The •pulmonary branches of the vagus.These, as a rule, we
FARMERS’ BULLETINS
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alcohol induced mechanisms of injury and therapeutic targets
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

logical breakthrough, n=6; non-response, n=8).In the BOC group, 14 pts discontinued therapy, after 19±11 W [1-44] (serious adverse events, n=7; virological breakthrough, n=2; non-response, n=4; retransplantation, n=1).Two pts relapsed after BOC withdrawal.Four pts died in a context of infectious disorders: BOC, n= 2 (W20/W24); TVR, n= 2 (W2/W9).The most common side effect was anemia in 85% of pts and 95% received erythropoietin alone or combined with ribavirin dose reduction.Conclusions: In liver transplanted pts, EOT rate was 85% and 44% with BOC and TVR, respectively.Among the overall population, 43% of pts discontinued therapy because of treatment failure or occurrence of serious adverse events.SVR12 and SVR24 results will be presented.
Where City and Country Meet—Health Problems
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16814: Does Small Size Matter With Continuous Flow Devices: Analysis of the INTERMACS Database of Adults With BSA ≤1.5m2
Authors: Farhan Zafar, David L Morales, Chet S Villa, Elizabeth D Blume, David N Rosenthal, James K Kirklin, Muhammad S Khan, Angela Lorts
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Favorable outcomes with continuous flow devices (CFD) have enticed clinicians to implant CFD in patients smaller than the suggested body surface area (BSA) criteria of &gt;1.5 m 2 . Despite limited data, the VAD community is using CFD in patients down to a BSA of 0.7m 2 . For this reason, we sought to examine the use of CFD in adults with BSA ≤1.5 m 2 and compare outcomes to adult patients with BSA &gt;1.5m 2 . Methods: CFD implants in adults (&gt;18 years) from 04/2008 to 09/2014 were identified using the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) database. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on BSA. Patient characteristics and post implant outcomes including mortality, transplant, and adverse events were compared between the two cohorts. Results: Of adults (11142) undergoing CFD implants 2% (239) had BSA of ≤1.5m 2 ; BSA median 1.4m 2 [0.76 – 1.5 m 2 ]. One patient had BSA &lt;1.0m 2 , 6% (15) 1.0-1.2m 2 and 93% (223) &gt;1.2-1.5m 2 . Pre-implant patient characteristics were similar between the two groups except gender and INTERMACS profile [Table]. Overall survival (p=0.8) and favorable outcomes at 1-year were similar between the two groups; however, fewer patients with BSA ≤1.5m 2 were transplanted (p&lt;0.01) [Figure]. There were more bleeding events and infection; however, less renal dysfunction and right heart failure in patients with BSA ≤1.5m 2 [Table]. Conclusion: CFDs can be safely used in smaller adult patients. The outcomes are favorable but clinicians must be mindful that the adverse event profile is different in smaller patients. These results are reassuring for the recent trend in the VAD community for placing CFDs in smaller patients.
The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Breast Cancer Controversy
Authors: Deborah Grady
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —To help resolve the conflict in the literature regarding the association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and breast cancer, Henrich<sup>1</sup>reviewed three meta-analyses. We are concerned that the data reported in that article were incomplete, inaccurate, and misleading. Two recently published meta-analyses are not included in this review.<sup>2,3</sup>The author correctly concludes that none of the meta-analyses (including the two that were not reviewed) found an increased risk of breast cancer associated with ever use of estrogen. The median duration of estrogen use is brief, generally about 2 years.<sup>4</sup>Thus, risk estimates for women who ever used estrogen should really be interpreted as risk among short-term estrogen users. Since hormone replacement is now commonly prescribed for 10 to 20 years or more to prevent osteoporosis and heart disease, we must also ask if long-term estrogen use is associated with increased breast cancer risk. The author
Chararcterization of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cell(BEC) antigens with which antibodies to the X component of pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDH) react Liver Unit, University Hospital, Birmingham, *University of Glasgow, UK
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

<dm:abstracts xmlns:dm="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/dm/dtd"><ce:abstract xmlns:ce="http://www.elsevier.com/xml/common/dtd" id="abs0005" view="all" class="author"><ce:section-title id="sect0005">Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec id="abst0005" view="all"><ce:simple-para id="spar0015" view="all">The melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) plays an important role in melanogenesis and determining the production ratio of eumelanin and pheomelanin. MC1R is highly polymorphic, and some variants are related to red hair color or freckles. Here, we report the case of a Mongolian boy with red hair and extensive freckles, mainly facial, and harboring multiple MC1R variants as found by whole-exome sequencing (WES). The proband was a 14-year-old boy living in the northwestern part of Mongolia. He developed extensive freckles on his sun-exposed area and showed lighter skin tone in comparison to other family members. He also had reddish hair and eyebrows, and gray to hazel irises. WES and phenotypic analysis for the proband, his mother, and his two brothers revealed that compound heterozygous MC1R variants (p.R142H and p.S172I) were responsible for his freckles and hair color. In Addition, the presence or absence of an eye-color associated variant in OCA2 (p.R419Q) clearly explained their eye color. This report may provide a considerably different phenotypic effect between single-hit MC1R and two-hit MC1R.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></dm:abstracts>
Epidemic Neuropathy—Cuba, 1991-1994
Journal: JAMA (1994)

From January 1, 1992, through January 14, 1994, the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba (MINSAP) identified 50,862 cases of a neuropathy in residents of Cuba (1993 population: 10.8 million); affected persons had onset beginning July 1, 1991. The neuropathy has included an optic form--characterized by subacute (i.e., 3-30 days) onset, decreased visual acuity, decreased color vision, and/or central or cecocentral scotomata--and a peripheral form; both forms have been characterized by weight loss and easy fatigability. This report presents a preliminary summary of an investigation by MINSAP of this epidemic.
Inhalation Toxicology of Automotive Emissions as Affected by an Oxidation Exhaust Catalyst
Authors: D. K. Hysell, W. Moore, R. Hinners, M. Malanchuk, R. Miller, J. F. Stara
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Preliminary data are given on the acute inhalation toxicology of automotive emissions as affected by an oxidation exhaust catalyst. The catalyst effectively reduced CO and HC in the exhause which apparently had an effect (at least in a closed exposure system) on oxidant and NO2 levels by altering the HC/NOx ratio. There was a resultant reduction in biological effects due to the exposure. The catalyst altered the type of particulate to one which probably contained sulfuric acid as a major component. No evidence was present in these acute exposures to suggest a toxic response due to the higher sulfate emissions or possible catalyst attrition products. The effects of long-term exposure have not yet been investigated.
Short course chemotherapy for tuberculosis of lymph nodes: a controlled trial. British Thoracic Society Research Committee.
Authors: C Mcgavin, J Friend, R Greenwood, P Jenkins, A Somner
Journal: BMJ (1985)

One hundred and fifty two patients with tuberculosis of lymph nodes were enrolled in a randomised trial of nine versus 18 months' chemotherapy. The regimens consisted of rifampicin plus isoniazid for nine or 18 months, supplemented initially by ethambutol for eight weeks. At 36 months data from 113 patients were available for analysis, of whom 56 had received the short course regimen. Progress during chemotherapy was uneventful in 84 of the 113 patients. Fresh nodes appeared in 13 patients and existing nodes increased in size in 13; these events occurred within the first eight months of treatment. In 10 patients residual nodes were palpable at the end of chemotherapy. Events including enlargement of nodes, appearance of new nodes, fluctuation, and formation of sinuses occurred in 12 patients after the end of chemotherapy. The incidence of these events was similar in both groups, and they did not result in an unfavourable outcome. Nine months' treatment with rifampicin and isoniazid supplemented initially by ethambutol should be adequate for tuberculosis of lymph nodes, but confirmation must await a longer period of follow up.
Medical care in Sweden. Lessons for America
Authors: J. L. Andrews
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Sweden has created a strong medical care system as part of a broad program of social welfare. Its best feature is the equal access that all citizens have to good care by competent personnel in modern facilities. Financing is by compulsory tax-paid hospital and sickness insurance. Planning is coordinated on both county and national levels to match resources to current needs. Hospitals are regionalized, centralized, and integrated. Weak points of Swedish medical care are its impersonal aspects, the shortage of staff and usable hospital beds which create long waits for admission, lack of continuity of care, absence of choice by patients of doctors and hospitals, and high taxes. Reforms in 1970 have aggravated these problems. An improved American medical care system would adopt the good features of Swedish medical care, while avoiding the unsuccessful ones.
CONTAGIOUS EYE DISEASES IN THIS COUNTRY.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The regionalization of perinatal services. Summary of the evaluation of a national demonstration program
Authors: M. C. McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The success of modern perinatal management techniques has led to the recommendation of the regional organization of perinatal services. This report summarizes the evaluation of a national demonstration program of such regionalization that was funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) in 1975. In both funded regions and comparison areas, the neonatal mortality rates decreased sharply over the decade of the 1970s. This decline was linked to shifts in the hospital of delivery that indicated antepartum risk identification and transfer of management of high-risk pregnancies to tertiary centers for delivery, a change in service pattern consistent with some aspects of regionalization. The centralization of high-risk deliveries appeared so widespread that the special effect of the RWJF program could not be detected. Surveys of surviving 1-year-old infants showed that the decrease in neonatal mortality was accompanied by a decrease in selected morbidity. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:799-804)
Beyond generic occurrence screening
Authors: D. S. O'Leary
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE DEMANDS and the needs for better measures of quality of care are now compelling issues. The demands arise from those who would use performance data as at least one basis for selecting good hospitals, physicians, and other care providers. Corresponding needs exist within health care organizations and among external review entities, such as accrediting bodies and peer review organizations. In this regard, the excellent review by Sanazaro and Mills<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journalis both timely and worrisome. Generic occurrence screens today are commonly accepted as the state-of-the-art performance measures. However, their limitations are becoming increasingly apparent as more sophisticated approaches to quality assessment are being developed. Meanwhile, would-be data purveyors are establishing their own databases or are drawing performance information from databases that were not designed to support quality assessment activities. Professional frustration over data misuse and misinterpretation is now widespread. The professional community faces