tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
From the FDA
Authors: Stuart Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reports of Societies
Journal: BMJ (1935)

said that the public should be urged to support the valuable work of this society.During the past year, in addition to old cases, it had dealt with 397 new ones.The work of the society had steadily extended since its institution in 1879, and it was one of the most valuable and helpful organizations in the city.The speaker referred to a large restaurant in the Canongate which the society hoped to open in the spring, where nourishing food would be supplied at cost price.It was expected that three substantial meals daily could be provided at a cost of ls., so that men who were unemployed or living on public relief would no longer need to suffer the dangers and disabilities of under-nourishment.There would also be a department for supplying special and THE BRITT5W
Rehabilitation for irreversible deafness
Authors: S. R. Silverman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In the past three decades, many factors, not wholly unrelated, have stimulated interest in education and rehabilitation of persons with impaired hearing. They include development of refined electroacoustic instruments, particularly audiometers, to measure hearing loss; improvement of hearing aids; evolution of surgery for otosclerosis and of reconstructive surgical procedures for the middle ear<sup>1</sup>; development of promising investigative techniques in psychoacoustics, auditory biophysics, physiology, and microanatomy<sup>2-5</sup>; recognition of the problem of noise-induced hearing loss in industry and the armed forces<sup>6</sup>; awareness of hazards to hearing such as heredity, unfavorable prenatal conditions or perinatal stress or injury; and a growing public appreciation of the rehabilitative needs and the economic and social potential of handicapped persons. Forward looking management of persons with impaired hearing requires (1) dissemination of information about hearing impairment and acoustic hygiene, (2) early identification through a "high-risk register," screening programs in clinics for babies and in
Neglected esophageal narrowing
Authors: E. D. Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1975)

IF ONE should ask what chronic gastroenterologic problem proves most difficult to keep under optimal management, there might be many suggestions. High on the list would be the chronic esophageal lesion that has obstructing potential. The need for continuing management of this problem deserves more attention than current texts give it. Although almost all esophageal diseases are able to produce esophageal narrowing, the most common lesions responsible for chronic, gradually progressive, continuously threatening obstruction are cicatricial esophagitis and carcinoma. In either case, properly applied prophylactic bougienage can regularly prevent esophageal narrowing, permitting full effective use of the esophagus for the rest of the patient's life. If neglected, however, an obstructing stricture or tumor will bring about a terminus marked by the most miserable complications. Persisting esophageal obstruction, whatever the responsible lesion, means nutritional failure, dehydration, chronic and acute bronchopulmonary aspiration diseases, subacute laryngitis with incessant nocturnal cough, and dependence on
SAT0685 Determinants of 12-months persistence in psoriatic arthritis patients initiating subcutaneous tnf-alpha inhibitors
Authors: B Fautrel, M Belhassen, C Hudry, M-C Woronoff, N Gouyette, A Clément, E Van Ganse, F Tubach
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> Biotherapies such as subcutaneous tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (SC-TNFis) have transformed the management of inflammatory joint diseases such as psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The assessment of SC- TNFis persistence and its determinants is needed. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study was to describe treatment persistence in real-world settings, and identify the determinants of persistence among PsA patients initiating treatment with an SC-TNFi. <h3>Methods</h3> The French national health insurance scheme database lists all outpatient and inpatient healthcare consumption for individuals covered by the general health insurance scheme. Using French claims data, PsA was diagnosed using Long Term Disease status and hospital admission, based on ICD-10 codes. Patients were then identified through prescription filled for adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), certolizumab pegol (CZP) and golimumab (GLM) between 2012/07/01 and 2013/12/31. A patient was considered as non-persistent in the event of a prolonged interruption of the therapy lasting 91 days or more. Persistence was estimated with Kaplan Meier analysis. Determinants of persistence in the 12 months before initiation were identified using Cox models. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 2,011 patients with PsA were identified. In the descriptive analyses of the 12 months persistence, differences were observed for PsA patients, with raw/non-adjusted persistence rates of 37.3% for CZP, 51.8% for ETA, 54.7% for ADA and 50.8% for GLM. Results of the Cox model are presented, including hazard ratio for biotherapy, adjusted on sex, age, socio-economic status, and criteria on disease severity. The variables biotherapy, biotherapy line, comorbid conditions and hospital admission for IRMD did not meet the proportionality hypothesis of risks, and were corrected by the addition of a variable integrating the interaction with time. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Non-persistent patients were more likely female, with deprived socio-economic status, and multiple line of biotherapy. Treatment with GLM (compared to CZP and ETA) decreased the risk of non-persistence. Further analyses are needed to assess the impact of non-persistence on clinical and economics outcomes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> B. Fautrel Grant/research support from: AbbVie, MSD, Pfizer, Consultant for: AbbVie, Biogen, BMS, Celgène, Hospira, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, NORDIC Pharma, Pfizer, Roche, SOBI, UCB, M. Belhassen: None declared, C. Hudry Consultant for: ABBVIE, MSD, BMS, PFIZER, ROCHE, CELGENE, NOVARTIS, BIOGEN, UCB, SANDOZ, AMGEN., Employee of: COCHIN Hospital, M.-C. Woronoff: None declared, N. Gouyette Employee of: MSD France, A. Clément Employee of: MSD France, E. Van Ganse Consultant for: PELyon; ALK ABELLO; AstraZeneca; Bayer; BMS; BIF; GSK; IMS; LASER; MSD, F. Tubach: None declared
Placental Markers of Human Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
Authors: G. W. Lucier, K. G. Nelson, R. B. Everson, T. K. Wong, R. M. Philpot, T. Tiernan, M. Taylor, G. I. Sunahara
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Our studies have evaluated biochemical changes in placentae from humans exposed to rice oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in Taiwan. Placentae were obtained from nonsmoking women 4 to 5 years after the exposure had occurred. The exposed individuals ingested approximately 1 to 3 g PCBs and 5 mg PCDFs, and many exhibited symptoms characteristic of PCB poisoning. This disease was termed "Yu-Cheng" in Chinese. Based on data from experimental animal models, we examined a number of parameters in placentae from control and exposed women, including arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity, cytochrome P-450 isozymes, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor binding properties and actions, and Ah receptor. We also quantified concentrations of various PCB and PCDF congeners known to be present in the contaminated rice oil. Our results revealed a dramatic elevation in placental AHH activity in samples from PCB/PCDF-exposed women. This increase in enzyme activity was associated with a parallel increase in placental microsomal protein immunochemically related to cytochrome P-450 form 6 [derived from 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced rabbit lung]. No other cytochrome P-450 isozyme was detected in placental preparations, and the form 6 homolog was found only in placentae from exposed women. EGF receptor-mediated autophosphorylation capacity was significantly diminished in PCB/PCDF placentae, but this effect was not associated with changes in plasma membrane EGF receptor binding properties (Kd and Bmax). The EGF receptor autophosphorylation effect correlated well with the decrease in birthweight observed in offspring of exposed women, suggesting that this biochemical event might provide a good marker of effect for the toxic halogenated aromatics.
Notes from the Field: Serogroup C Invasive Meningococcal Disease Among Men Who Have Sex With Men—New York City, 2010-2012
Journal: JAMA (2013)

On September 27, 2012, the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) alerted health-care providers and the public about 12 cases of invasive serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis disease (SCMD) occurring in NYC since August 2010 among men who have sex with men (MSM). Cases were identified through existing mandatory notifiable disease reporting and classified according to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists case definitions. By December 31, 2012, a total of 18 cases had been identified among MSM. For 2012, the incidence rate of invasive meningococcal disease among MSM aged 18-64 years was 12.6 per 100,000 persons, compared with 0.16 among non-MSM males aged 18-64 years. MSM and non-MSM population denominators were obtained from the 2010 NYC Community Health Survey a telephone-based survey of approximately 10,000 NYC residents.
Evidence of an Oxidative Mechanism for the Hemolytic Activity of Silica Particles
Authors: Bronwyn L. Razzaboni, Pedro Bolsaitis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The formation of reactive oxygen species resulting from the interaction of silica dust particles with red blood cell membranes was investigated; particularly, the effect of surface hydroxyl (silanol) group concentration on the rate of formation of such reactive oxygen species was investigated. The rate of formation was measured indirectly through the effect of catalase, a hemoprotein peroxidase, on silica-induced hemolysis. It was found that the addition of exogenous catalase to erythrocytes markedly reduces the hemolysis caused by silica particles. Furthermore, the amount of catalase required for deactivation of silica per unit area of particle surface is lower for fumed silica particles and calcined crystalline particles than for uncalcined, crystalline silica, suggesting a correlation between the concentration of OH groups at the silica particle surface and its potential for generation of H2O2. The addition of albumin, a copper chelator, also decreases hemolysis. These results suggest that the hemolysis caused by silica particles is at least partly related to the formation of H2O2 at the particle surface and its subsequent reaction with Cu+ ions. The relationship between the concentration of surface silanol groups on the silica surface and the amount of catalase required to decrease hemolysis may also provide a method for testing potential fibrogenicity of respirable dusts.
Skin problems of blacks
Authors: J. A. Kenney
Journal: JAMA (1976)

BLACK skin, the characteristic hair of most blacks, and a racially oriented set of mores or customs combine to produce dermatologic problems that are at times confusing and perplexing to the practitioner unfamiliar with them or unaccustomed to treating black patients. These different racial characteristics also give rise to skin and hair problems that are probably peculiar to or characteristic of the black patient.<sup>1</sup>Postinflammatory hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, pseudofolliculitis of the beard, keloids and keloidal folliculitis (acne keloid), dermatosis papulosa nigra, traumatic marginal alopecia, perifolliculitis abscedens et suffodiens capitis, and the cutaneous presentations of some systemic diseases such as sarcoid and scleroderma in black patients are some of the conditions discussed here. All races have the same number of pigment-producing cells, melanocytes; however, in black skin, as viewed under the electron microscope, the pigment particles or melanosomes are larger and are separately dispersed, in contrast to white skin, where
Corrigendum to: “Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Once-Daily Fesoterodine in Subjects with Overactive Bladder” [Eur Urol 2007;52:1204-12]
Authors: Christopher Chapple, Philip Van Kerrebroeck, Andrea Tubaro, Cornelia Haag-Molkenteller, Hans-Theo Forst, Ute Massow, Joseph Wang, Marina Brodsky
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Periodic Psychoses
Authors: J. L. Crammer
Journal: BMJ (1959)

The word " period " is most commonly used in medicine to describe the phenomenon of menstruation." Periodic disease" is a name given to cases of regularly recurrent and intermittent episodes of fever, or oedema, or arthralgia, or gastric pain and vomiting, in which the attacks continue for many years without further development in otherwise healthy individuals (Reimann, 1951).By periodic psychoses I mean those mental illnesses which, upon study over a period of time, show a similar intermittent regularly recurring course, periods of depression or hypomania alternating with days or weeks of normal mood, attacks of excitement or agitation, episodes of stupor or confusional symptoms striking regularly by the calendar in seemingly mentally healthy or nearly healthy individuals.Such cases may be labelled manic-depressive illness, catatonic schizophrenia or schizo-affective state, sometimes even hysteria or psychopathy.Some occur in every mental hospital, though not always recognized as periodic, particularly when the outbursts or attacks come at longish intervals, perhaps every six weeks.However, they are easily discovered when looked for.
Call for Participants
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on the kinetics of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: G Rudolph
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Treatment of patients with cholestatic liver diseases with ursodeoxycholic acid has been shown to have beneficial effects that may be related to a shift in the balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic bile acids in favor of hydrophilic bile acids. During treatment of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis with ursodeoxycholic acid, plasma concentrations of some endogenous bile acids decrease. To test whether the changes in plasma bile acids are due to decreases of their pool sizes or synthesis rates, we determined bile acid kinetics of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid in six patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, of whom four also had ulcerative colitis. All patients were studied before and 3 mo after the start of ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. Six healthy subjects served as controls. In patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, pool sizes of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid were considerably smaller than those in healthy controls; after ursodeoxycholic acid treatment they were unchanged. Fractional turnover and synthesis of cholic acid increased significantly after ursodeoxycholic acid administration. Fractional turnover of chenodeoxycholic acid also increased significantly, whereas synthesis of this bile acid was unchanged. Our data indicate that in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, pool sizes of bile acids are reduced. The decrease of levels of endogenous bile acids in plasma under ursodeoxycholic acid treatment despite unchanged bile acid pool sizes indicates redistribution of the bile acids into the enterohepatic circulation, probably because of improved hepatic clearance after ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;17:1028–1032.)
BLOODLESS AMPUTATION AT THE HIP JOINT
Journal: JAMA (1921)

make upon this is that the French surgeon probably did not appreciate the factor on which his 5uccess depended-namely, the contractility of the internal cicatrix-nor the importance of the element of time in bringing about the results aimed at.In conclusion, may we not indulge a hope that the views discussed in this paper may fructify in the minds of others not only in explaining unlooked-for beneficial results of partial operations, even of operations which at the time seemed to fall short of the mark and intention, but also may now and then point out an easier and safer and a less deform- ing method of remedying overgrowths or deformities ?BLOODLESS AMPUTATION AT THE HIP-JOINT:
Characteristics of Cytochrome P-450 and Mixed Function Oxidase Enzymes Following Treatment with PBBs
Authors: J. G. Dent
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The mixture of PBBs in FireMaster BP-6 has been demonstrated to constitute potent inducers of hepatic and extrahepatic mixed function oxidase (MFO) enzymes. Chronic dietary administration of PBBs to mature female rats results in a "mixed" pattern of induction, with increases in both cytochrome P-450 and P1-450 associated enzymes. Acute administration of PBBs (150 mg/kg IP) to mature female rats resulted in a time-dependent induction of MFO activities; the P-450-dependent enzymes were simulated early (24-48 hr after administration) while the P1-450 dependent enzymes reached maximal activities at later time points. However, studies of the kinetics and patterns of inhibition of the induced enzymes along with gel electrophoresis studies of the microsomal proteins indicate that PBBs may induce different proteins from those induced by the classical P-450 and P1-450 inducers, phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene. In addition, the pattern of enzyme induction caused by PBBs in developing rats differs from that in adults, in that the P1-450-associated enzymes are stimulated prior to the P-450-associated enzymes. The overall pattern of enzyme induction in extrahepatic tissue differs from that seen in the liver and sex differences in enzyme induction have also been demonstrated. As modifications of MFO activity may alter the toxicity of chemicals, these findings suggest that the toxicity of chemicals may be altered in animals exposed to PBBs and that these toxicities may exhibit age, sex, and organ specificities different from those seen in control animals.
At Ease
Authors: Ronald H. Lands
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Ad Libitum1 January 1996At EaseRonald H. Lands, MDRonald H. Lands, MDOak Ridge, TN 37830Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The suit he wore, purchased years before, fluttered on his angular frame like a flag on July 4th. The dark hollows around his eyes were a haunting contrast to the shock of thick white hair that he combed straight back from his forehead. The manicured nails did not disguise that several of his fingers had been broken and allowed to heal without intervention. A polished hickory walking cane hung like an ornament over his crooked left arm as he limped back and forth across the length of my examining room.I was late, but he camouflaged his impatience. Every question ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Oak Ridge, TN 37830Corresponding Author: Ronald H. Lands, MD, 132 Clemson Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 70-71KeywordsCyclic adenosine monophosphateDeliriumDiagnostic radiologySleepSweatThoraxToxicityVentilatorsWalkingWeight loss ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pathologische Physiologie.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perineural xanthoma
Authors: H. NAKAYAMA, M. MIHARA, S. SHIMAO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

A 50‐year‐old man suffering from cholestatic hepatitis and diabetes mellitus with hyperlipopro‐teinaemia had small, painful, slightly elevated, reddish, firm indurated plaques on his soles. Histologically, the lesions were composed of a centrally located cutaneous nerve surrounded by concentric layers of xanthoma cells. Electron microscopy showed the cutaneous nerves to be unmyelinated, their axons were vacuolated and contained dense bodies. The xanthoma cells had the same ultrastructural features as those observed in usual xanthomatous lesions. We suggest that this entity be named perineural xanthoma.