tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. State legislative activity
Authors: H. E. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1987)

MORE than 450 bills have been introduced in state legislatures in 1987, on the subject of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This flurry of legislative activity reflects the serious public health concern raised by this disease in every part of the country (see "References"). State statutes relating to the subject of AIDS were first enacted in 1983. Most of the early laws created statewide task forces to inform and educate the public. Since that time, statutes have been enacted on a wide variety of AIDS-related topics. The information included herein based on a review through Oct 6, 1987, focus on ten major subject areas that have become matters of state law (Table). The categories highlighted, as well as examples of states that have enacted laws on each of these issues, are (1) antibody testing, (2) blood and blood products, (3) confidentiality, (4) employment, (5) housing, (6) informed consent, (7) insurance, (8)
Fluorine and Dental Caries
Authors: Vlado A. Getting
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

Prevalence of Dental Caries DENTAL caries is perhaps the most widespread of all diseases of mankind and is one from which very few persons escape, especially in civilized races. It has been demonstrated that a positive correlation exists between the primitive (carnivorous) diets of Eskimos in Alaska and their relative freedom from dental decay.1 A high prevalence of dental decay, however, is found among Eskimos who live in cities and consume a civilized diet. Practically every adult and almost every child over six years of age has suffered from dental defects.2 These defects often induce a train of related maladies . . .
BELGIUM
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Optic and Peripheral Neuropathy in Cuba
Authors: Thomas R. Hedges
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We recently returned from a trip to Cuba where, at the request of the Cuban government, we became involved in the investigation of the epidemic of optic and peripheral neuropathy that has affected thousands of individuals during the last 1½ years. We read with interest the article by Lincoff et al<sup>1</sup>as well as the Medical News story by Mr Cotton<sup>2</sup>in the July 28, 1993, issue. Lincoff et al were fortunate to identify 20 patients with a syndrome that is difficult to diagnose with certainty and difficult to differentiate from functional visual loss, as noted by Sadun and others in Cotton's article. Although our visit to Cuba was diplomatic in nature, we did see enough patients to become convinced that there is at least a group of closely related syndromes characterized by optic and peripheral neuropathy that has occurred in epidemic proportions in Cuba
Notes of a Visit to the Military Hospitals of the Continent
Authors: A. A. Gore
Journal: BMJ (1876)

going about, there are often occurrences which are worthy of notice.I shall here subjoin the descriptions of one or two of these attacks.He was standing on a chair, putting a hat-box on a shelf, when one of the fits came on.His child noticed something queer, and ran for his wife, who found him standing on the chair with pallid face, and the box raised in his hands.He stood in this position for a minute or two, and then, recovering, placed the box on the shelf.He was working in a shop in Renfield Street, at a time when a son was lying ill of fever.He thinks he imagined his son was dead ; but, at any rate, without being the least conscious of what he did, he (ac- cording to the account of his shopmates) laid aside his tools, took offand hung up his leather apron, and, after muttering some unintelligible words to the [foreman, left, the shop.He himself remembers nothing of this; but woke to consciousness to find himself sitting on one of the benches in George Square.On comparing the hours, it seems that this was about ten minutes after he left the shop, and in the interval he walked through the busy streets from Renfield Street to George Square.On another occasion, while he was sitting on a trunk, his wife noticed by the pallor of his face that he was having a fit.After the paleness had gone, he cried out: " There it is; take it, lift it", pointing to the floor.
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1898)

complete nudity-in a warm room, of course-until such time as the eruption ceasedto appear, or showed signs of cure if the treatment proved successful.Is the disposition ot the butlae constant in this sease, as instanced by my case?(G.H. V. asks for suggestions asito treatment, and also whether the nude method has ever been tried in this most obstinate skin disease.]ANSWERS.F.R.-We apprehend that there could be no legal objection to a practitioner who holds the diplomas of M.R.C.S.Eng., and L
Rational Organotherapy, with Reference to Urosemlology.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE JOURNAL AND THE ASSOCIATION.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bacteria directed to produce insulin in test application of genetic code
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Putting the genetic code to the test, California researchers have synthesized genes that "instruct" an enfeebled laboratory strain of<i>Escherichia coli</i>(EK-1) to produce the two amino acid chains of insulin. When these peptide chains are separated from the enzyme to which they are attached, purified, and mixed together, the result is a chemical structure identical to human insulin. Making the announcement are scientists from City of Hope National Medical Center at Duarte, Calif, near Los Angeles, and the research and development laboratories of Genentech, Inc, in South San Francisco. Genentech funded the work. A long-range development program now is beginning, "aimed at the eventual commercial production of human insulin" by this means. Because the precise sequence of amino acids in insulin is known, the researchers said, they were able to select nucleotides that code for each of these amino acids and "design the necessary genes on paper." Then, using
Die Rezeptierkunst des praktischen Arztes.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rationale for treatment of patients with chronic heart failure with adrenergic blockade
Authors: J. D. Sackner-Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Chronic heart failure is the leading cause of hospital admissions in patients older than 65 years. Heart failure due to systolic dysfunction is accompanied by activation of the sympathetic nervous system that contributes to progressive symptoms and an increased risk of death. While several clinical trials have suggested that antagonizing this sympathetic activation with β-blocking agents may provide clinical benefit, no clear consensus exists regarding use of β-blockers for congestive heart failure. Therefore, we review the pathophysiology of the sympathetic nervous system as a basis for examining these clinical trials in order to understand the rationale for β-blockade as a treatment for heart failure. <h3>Data Source.</h3> —English-language journal articles and reviews from a MEDLINE search and abstracts published at major cardiology meetings that related either to the pathophysiology of the sympathetic nervous system or to therapy of patients with chronic heart failure with β-blockers. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Uncontrolled trials describing the initial use of this therapy and the subsequent randomized, placebo-controlled trials of β-blockers were included. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Sympathetic nervous system activation in patients with chronic heart failure is a major contributor to the severity of disease as well as its progression over time. Antagonism of its effects, via β-blocker therapy, appears overall to improve both quality of life and survival. However, its place as a cornerstone in the therapy of this disease depends on the results of large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled trials. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1462-1467)
Survey of Modalities of Toxicity Assessment and Reporting in Noncomparative Prospective Studies of Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Francesco Perrone, Ermelinda De Maio, Paolo Maione, Massimo Di Maio, Alessandro Ottaiano, Matilde Pensabene, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Alessandra Vernaglia Lombardi, Ciro Gallo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To review how toxicity, a main end point of phase II studies, is assessed and reported in published phase II chemotherapy trials in breast cancer. METHODS: A survey was performed by hand-searching studies published in seven distinguished journals between 1995 and 1999. All selected articles were independently evaluated by two investigators using an ad hoc study report form. Descriptive statistics, contingency tables, and the χ 2 test were applied. RESULTS: Overall, 122 articles were found; 65.6% lacked a statistical study design. Planned modalities for assessment of toxicity were inadequately reported in 20.5% of the studies. The scheduling of assessment of hematologic toxicity varied greatly. Toxicity was predominantly summarized per patient (69.7%). Although overall the World Health Organization scale was adopted more frequently (45.9%), the Common Toxicity Criteria (in different versions) were used more frequently in studies published in journals with a high impact factor (P = .001), in more recently initiated studies (P = .03), in sponsored studies (P = .0006), and in studies with an identifiable statistical design (P = .006). CONCLUSION: The wide diversity in modalities of toxicity assessment and reporting observed in this study suggests that the reliability of the body of published data on the toxicity of chemotherapy in breast cancer may be questionable. Current standards should be revised and harmonized to improve the reliability of such data. A checklist is proposed to help editorial evaluation of assessment and reporting of toxicity in phase II studies.
IMG-03. RESPONSE ASSESSMENT IN PEDIATRIC LOW-GRADE GLIOMA: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE RESPONSE ASSESSMENT IN PEDIATRIC NEURO-ONCOLOGY (RAPNO) WORKING GROUP
Authors: Jason Fangusaro, Olas Witt, Pablo Hernaiz Driever, Asim Bag, Peter de Blank, Nadja Kadom, Lindsay Kilburn, Robert Lober, Nathan Robison, Michael Fisher, Roger Packer, Tina Young Poussaint, Ludmila Papusha, Shivaram Avula, Alba Brandes, Eric Bouffet, Daniel Bowers, Anton Artemov, Murali Chintagumpala, David Zurakowski, Martin van den Bent, Brigitte Bison, Kristen Yeom, Walter Taal, Katherine Warren
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract INTRODUCTION Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGG) show clinical and biological features that are distinct from their adult counterparts. Consequently, additional considerations are needed for response assessment in children compared to the established adult Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria. Standardized response criteria in pediatric clinical trials are lacking, complicating comparisons of responses across studies. We therefore established an international committee of the Radiologic Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) working group to develop consensus recommendations for response assessment in pLGG. METHODS The committee consisted of 25 international experts in the areas of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Neuroradiology and Neurosurgery. The committee first developed a set of agreed upon topics they deemed necessary to understand the controversies of imaging utilization and assessment in pLGG. These topics were divided up among the committee members who presented all available literature to the entire RAPNO committee via web teleconference. Once presented, the group discussed these data and developed consensus statements and recommendations based on available literature, committee expertise and clinical experience. Each topic was discussed until a consensus was reached. RESULTS Final consensus included recommendations about the following topics: specific imaging sequences, advanced imaging techniques, NF1-associated pLGG, molecular and histologic classification, assessment of cysts, vision and other functional outcomes as well as overall radiologic response assessment. CONCLUSIONS The RAPNO pLGG consensus establishes systemic recommendations that represent an initial effort to uniformly collect and assess response in pLGG. These recommendations should now be evaluated internationally and prospectively in an effort to assess clinical utility, validate and modify as appropriate.
A Hint.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tuberculin Testing
Authors: Frederick L. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> An inherent disadvantage of the tuberculin test in office practice or in the outpatient clinic is the requirement that the test be read after 48 to 72 hours. When a patient finds it difficult to return at the proper time, this inconvenience serves as a deterrent to the use of this valuable diagnostic aid. Having the individual himself, or a physician inexperienced in tuberculin testing, record the often subtle dimensions of induration has not, in my experience, yielded satisfactory results. In an attempt to circumvent this problem I have dispensed an individual tuberculin tine test unit at the time of the initial office visit, with a sheet of instructions for its application. The test is applied to the patient at home 48 to 72 hours prior to a conveniently scheduled return visit, when the reaction, if any, can be read correctly. The instructions given to the patient
FOLFOX4 versus sequential dose-dense FOLFOX7 followed by FOLFIRI in patients with resectable metastatic colorectal cancer (MIROX): a pragmatic approach to chemotherapy timing with perioperative or postoperative chemotherapy from an open-label, randomized phase III trial
Authors: M. Hebbar, B. Chibaudel, T. André, L. Mineur, D. Smith, C. Louvet, J.L. Dutel, M. Ychou, J.L. Legoux, M. Mabro, R. Faroux, D. Auby, D. Brusquant, A. Khalil, S. Truant, A. Hadengue, C. Dalban, B. Gayet, F. Paye, F.R. Pruvot, F. Bonnetain, A. de Gramont
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Charles B. Clayman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<i>Pulmonary Edema</i>presents for the advanced student or specialist in the field the structural and functional basis for fluid accumulation in the lungs. Hemodynamic and permeability factors are compared and contrasted with conditions such as congestive failure, edema caused by noxious gases, high altitude, or drug overdose. Several eminent men in the field have contributed well-documented chapters governing the physical chemical regulation of intravascular, interstitial, and intra-alveolar fluid and its solutes. Black-and-white illustrations and tables liberally complement the text, which is often technical, requiring careful concentration that rewards the reader with an understanding of a complicated process basic to cardiopulmonary disease. The text provides an elegantly organized consideration of pulmonary edema. It will enable the clinician to greatly improve his comprehension of the factors that regulate water balance in the lung and the various influences that result in the final common reaction—pulmonary edema.
Radioimmunoscintigraphy
Authors: K. E. Britton, M. Granowska, P. S. Shepherd
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Nuclear medicine techniques are known for their sensitivity to changes of function induced by disease but not for their specificity in determining the nature of the disease process. To address this problem, nuclear medicine has developed new procedures for tissue characterization additional to functional measurements, through the use of receptor binding techniques and antigen-antibody interactions. The technique of using radiolabeled antibodies to image and characterize the nature of disease process in vivo is called radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS). It is applicable, in principle, to any type of pathology: benign, as in the identification of myocardial infarction by radiolabeled antimyosin, or malignant.KeywordsOvarian CancerTumour UptakeAntigenic DeterminantSpecific UptakeOcular MelanomaThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
A review of medical education in alcohol and other drug abuse
Authors: D. C. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1987)

RECOGNITION of the deleterious effects of alcohol and other drugs is not a recent phenomenon. Over 200 years ago America's first Surgeon General, Benjamin Rush, MD, labeled "intemperance" a disease. He also described the symptoms of tolerance and alcohol withdrawal, which are still pathognomonic of alcohol dependence.<sup>1,2</sup>Medical concern about the widespread abuse of other drugs began in the post-Civil War period when addiction resulting from the indiscriminate prescribing of opium and its derivatives for pain relief was recognized. In 1929, Congress passed a law establishing "two United States narcotic farms for the... treatment of persons addicted to the use of habitforming narcotic drugs." Three decades ago, the American Medical Association (AMA) formally acknowledged alcoholism as a medical illness,<sup>3</sup>and, a decade later, as a disease.<sup>4</sup>Despite this long history of medical concern, physicians still do not diagnose alcoholism or other illnesses related to substance abuse with