tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Informed consent in emergency research. Prehospital thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: P S Grim, P A Singer, G P Gramelspacher, T Feldman, R W Childers, M Siegler
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Can the conscious patient in the midst of a medical emergency provide adequate informed consent for a clinical research protocol? Adequate consent is crucial to the ethical conduct of clinical trials, including those performed in emergency settings. We examine the problem of emergency informed consent. As an illustrative case, we discuss a pilot trial of prehospital thrombolytic therapy for myocardial infarction. Federal regulations for clinical research do not provide clear guidelines on emergency research in the conscious patient. Clinical investigators currently approach emergency consent in four ways: (1) avoid such research, (2) omit the consent process, (3) obtain deferred consent, or (4) obtain customary consent. We suggest a fifth alternative, two-step consent, which permits the conduct of emergency research while protecting the rights of the emergency research subjects. Such a process may serve as an alternative solution for future studies faced with the problem of informed consent in emergencies. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:252-255)
Progressive liver injury in chronic hepatitis C infection correlates with increased intrahepatic expression of Th1-associated cytokines
Authors: J Napoli
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

An imbalance between T helper cell (Th)1 and Th2-like cytokines has been described in several chronic infectious diseases. We therefore analyzed the intrahepatic messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of Th1-like (interleukin [IL]-2, interferon [IFN]-gamma) and Th2-like (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines in chronic hepatitis C patients (n = 17) and controls (n = 6) and correlated the results with liver histology and intrahepatic viral load. Intrahepatic cytokine mRNA and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA were quantitatively assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a dot- blot hybridization technique. Liver biopsy specimens were histologically graded using the Scheuer Score. IFN-gamma and IL-2 mRNA expression were significantly upregulated in chronic HCV vs. controls (P < .002, P < .04, respectively). Both correlated significantly with histological fibrosis and portal tract inflammation. In contrast, the expression of IL-10 mRNA was decreased in cirrhosis and chronic HCV compared with controls (P < .02, P < .0001, respectively). IL-4 mRNA was detected inconsistently at low levels in all groups. Intrahepatic viral load did not correlate with either cytokine expression or tissue injury. In conclusion, the progressive liver injury seen in chronic HCV is associated with the upregulation of intrahepatic Th1-like cytokines and the downregulation of IL-10, a Th2-like cytokine. These results suggest a role for delayed-type hypersensitivity immune reactions in HCV related liver injury.
Toxic reactions from a haloperidol overdose in two children. Thermal and cardiac manifestations
Authors: J. V. Scialli
Journal: JAMA (1978)

REPORTS of toxic reactions to haloperidol have been scant. Hollister and Ayd have commented about the relative safety of a drug overdose; also, Davis and associates have reported an absence of fatalities and life-threatening reactions. An extensive search of the literature showed only nine reported cases of pediatrics drug overdose. In the series of Gaultier and Fahti,<sup>1</sup>five children were reported to have reversible symptoms, including somnalence and extrapyramidal signs. Debray and Galland<sup>2</sup>report four cases with acute dystonic reactions and convulsions. Fourteen unpublished cases of drug overdose have been reported to the McNeil Laboratories (according to a personal communication with J. C. Maerz, MD, Feb 11, 1977). These include 9 instances of impaired consciousness, 7 of extrapyramidal symptoms, and 2 of hypertension; one child had no ill effects. In all cases, recovery was complete and there was no mention of cardiovascular manifestations. In view of the fact
Assessment of Health Effects in Epidemiologic Studies of Air Pollution
Authors: Jonathan M. Samet, Frank E. Speizer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

As we increasingly recognize the complexity of the pollutants in indoor and outdoor microenvironments, a broad array of inhaled mixtures has assumed scientific, public health, and regulatory importance.Few adverse effects of environmental pollutants are specific, that is, uniquely associ- ated with a single agent; the adverse effects that might be considered in an investigation of the consequences of exposure to an inhaled complex mixture are generally nonspecific.In the context of this paper, we will refer to binary mixtures as complex, though we realize that a more precise definition of complexity would restrict the term to mixtures of three or more constituents.Their causes potentially include not only pollutant expo- sures through the medium of inhaled air but other environmental agents, such as infectious organisms and radiation, and inherent characteristics of the exposed persons, such as atopy.We review the outcome measures that have been used in epidemiologic studies of the health effects of single pollutants and complex mixtures.Some of these outcome measures have been carefully standardized, whereas others need similar standardization and modification to improve sensitivity and specificity for investigating the health effects of air pollution.
A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV caused by a D157N mutation in the MATP gene
Authors: A.Y.K. Chan, D.T.L. Liu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV caused by a D157N mutation in the MATP gene Get access A.Y.K. Chan, A.Y.K. Chan Social Hygiene Unit, Department of Health, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.T.L. Liu D.T.L. Liu Social Hygiene Unit, Department of Health, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China D.T.L. Liu, e‐mail: david_tlliu@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 5, 1 November 2005, Page 1072, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06912.x Published: 01 November 2005
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Vikas Gupta, Robert E. Schwartz, Nicole Shen, Robert S. Brown, Russell Rosenblatt, Nicholas Russo, Rachel Niec, Shirley Cohen‐Mekelburg, Saurabh Mukewar
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Gupta, Vikas; Schwartz, Robert E.; Shen, Nicole; Brown, Robert S. Jr.; Rosenblatt, Russell; Russo, Nicholas; Niec, Rachel; Cohen‐Mekelburg, Shirley; Mukewar, Saurabh Author Information
Predictors of vitality (energy/fatigue) in early stage Hodgkin's disease (HD): Results from Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) Study 9133
Authors: P. A. Ganz, C. M. Moinpour, S. McCoy, D. K. Pauler, O. W. Press, R. I. Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6546
Ang-2 polymorphisms in relation to outcome in advanced HCC patients receiving sorafenib.
Authors: Giorgia Marisi, Mario Scartozzi, Luca Faloppi, Giuseppe Francesco Foschi, Gianfranco Lauletta, Martina Valgiusti, Giuseppe Aprile, Lorenzo Fornaro, Massimo Iavarone, Giorgio Ercolani, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Dino Amadori, Andrea Casadei Gardini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e15666 Background: Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is a crucial angiogenic factor. By binding to its receptor Tie2, Ang-2 cooperates with the VEGF pathway to maintain normal physiological functions. In the presence of VEGF, Ang-2 destabilizes blood vessels and promotes vascular sprouting. In cancers, Ang-2 is linked to not only angiogenesis but also invasive and metastatic phenotypes. Although sorafenib exerts no significant activity against Tie2, the predictive value of Ang-2 has been explored in 2 studies. Llovet et al conducted a large biomarker study based on SHARP study. The authors found that a high baseline plasma Ang-2 level was an independent factor for poorer OS but not for reduced sorafenib efficacy. Polymorphism analysis seems to have more advantages than protein or gene expression analysis. Gene expression analysis is performed on biological material collected at a specific time in the natural history of the disease. It is also subject to the influence of a number of laboratory biases. Conversely, polymorphism analysis can be performed at any time during the course of the disease, is not substantially influenced by laboratory biases and is less expensive. In our study we analysed the role of ANG-2 polymorphisms in relation to clinical outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib. Methods: We analyzed 135 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib. Peripheral blood samples or FFPE tumor tissues were available for DNA extraction and genotyping analysis. Nine Ang-2 polymorphisms were analyzed by direct sequencing or Real Time PCR method. Results: With regard to Ang4 rs55633437 was observed that patients carrying the allele GG were associated with a better PFS and OS. The variants GG were associated with a median OS of 16.9 months vs 6.5 months of variants GT and TT (p = 0.016). The variants GT and TT were associated with a median PFS of 2.94 months vs 4.67 months of variants GG (p = 0.03). These data were confirmed by multivariate analysis Conclusions: Ang4 rs55633437 could represent prognostic markers in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib.
Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Nadine Bazilinski
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In recent years, no aspect of clinical nephrology has expanded with as much new information as the broad subject of acute renal failure. This clinical syndrome of diverse etiologies is characterized by acute deterioration of renal function. It may occur not only as a result of intrinsic renal damage, but also from impairment of renal perfusion or with urinary tract obstruction. The clinical spectrum of acute renal failure is constantly changing with new advances in clinical practice, such as the use of different antibiotics or more modern methods of diagnostic imaging. The clinician must keep abreast not only of pathophysiology, but also of new etiologies and various methods for correction of metabolic abnormalities with nutritional therapy and dialysis. This edition of<i>Acute Renal Failure</i>is a comprehensive but readable text about this most common syndrome encountered in the subspecialty of nephrology. This hardcover book is organized into five sections: pathophysiology,
Managed Competition
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

What is “managed competition,” the blueprint for reforming the health care system that has been endorsed by President Bill Clinton and key elements of which former president George Bush incorporated into the scheme he introduced last year? As applied to practitioners, its central idea is to divide physicians and hospitals into competing economic units, called “accountable health partnerships,” that would contract with insurance-purchasing cooperatives to provide standardized packages of medical benefits for fixed per capita rates. Thus, managed competition would hasten the demise of fee-for-service payment, require providers to bundle their care into defined benefit plans, and by remunerating providers . . .
Editorial Board
Journal: Allergy (2017)

2937 (Rest of World), €1907 (Europe), £1500 (UK).Prices are exclusive of tax.Asia-Pacifi c GST, Canadian GST/HST and European VAT will be applied at the appropriate rates.For more information on current tax rates, please go to www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/tax-vat.The price includes online access to the current and all online back fi les to January 1st 2013, where
IS THE BIRTH-RATE IN THE UNITED STATES DECREASING?
Journal: JAMA (1899)

What may serve as food for proper thought, especially for its bearing on the subject of overpopulation in the United States, is that of the birth-rate throughout the land. Aside from its medical status, this question is one which may engage the sober thoughts of wiser heads who come to deal with political economy as it applies to our country. In proving the subject of the birth-rate we have to fall back on that notorious factor of inaccuracy known as "statistics." In a recent editorial in one of our daily papers<sup>1</sup>, a writer endeavors to prove that the birth-rate in the United States is gradually decreasing. This statement is backed by the statistics as obtained from the records of H. T. Newcomb, a statistician in the agricultural department at Washington. First of all it is believed that the population of the United States—not including colonies—in the year 1900 will
Clinical Lectures on Nervous Diseases
Authors: A. H. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1879)

OF EPILEPSY.I TUIE science of medicine is to be advanced by the careful collection of i well recorded facts, rather than by general statements or unsupported I assertions.No inquiry thus conducted with scientific precision can fail f to be without value, and to add a mite to that store of positive know- ledge from which must emanate all hopes of progress for the healing art.Our acquaintance with the nature of epilepsy is as yet in its in- fancy, and, although much valuable practical information has been put on record regarding this disease, it is believed that the following contri- bution may not be useless in either confirming or questioning previous conclusions.The clinical aspect of epilepsy is especially difficult to investigate with exactitude.The physician, as a rule, is not himself a witness to the chief phenomena characteristic of the disease.He is, therefore, compelled, in most cases, to trust to the statements of the patient and his friends for their description; and, even when the cross-examination of these is conducted with the greatest care, there are many points almost impossible to ascertain with certainty.In the following cases of epilepsy, which have been under my own care, those only are included in which loss of consciousness formed the chief feature of the attack; and, in the succeeding particulars, attention will be specally directed to etiology, symptomatology, and treatment.ETIOLOGCY.-I.PRErnspoSiNG CAUSES.Sex and Sexual Conditions.-Of the hundred cases of epilepsy, there were-males, 47; females, 53: showing that, practically, the sexes were affected in equal proportions.Of the fifty-three females, there were- unmarried, 31; married, 22.The greater number amongst the unmarried females is probably due to its including children, and also to the fact that epilepsy is not an attraction to a man who purposes matrimony.Of the 22 married females, marriage had no effect on epilepsy in I5; frequency of attacks diminished after marriage in 6; fre- quency of attacks increased after marriage in I. Thus, in the large ma- jority of cases, marrage seems to have no influence on the epileptic attacks.Of 17 of the married females, 14 had children, 3 had none.Age.-In one hundred cases, the age at which the first attack of epilepsy took place will be seen by the following table .Males.Females.Total.
Survey of Thyroid Enlargement in Two General Practices in Great Britain
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
B.C.G
Authors: R. N. McKinstry
Journal: BMJ (1953)

the effectiveness of early H. pertussis vaccination, and nothing short of a field trial commencing in early infancy would provide a certain answer.An an alternative measure, 1,000 babies immunized recently at University College Hos- pital with H. pertussis vaccine in the first three months of life are being followed up by questionary to parents at yearly intervals, with clinical confirmation and bacterio- logical control wherever possible.It is hoped to investigate a comparable control group of unimmunized babies, with the help of local authorities.A number of laboratory tests, including serum agglutinins, have been carried out on this group of babies by Dr. J. Ungar, of Glaxo Laboratories, three months after completion of primary whooping-cough immunization.The significance of laboratory tests as proof of acquired immunity against H. pertussis is still debated, but their interpretation will be reported later with clinical comparison.I feel sure that until the problem of the effectiveness of early whooping-cough immunization is solved it will be impossible to decide upon the optimum age to commence immunization with combined prophylactics.-Iam, etc., London, W.C.I.
STEROLS IN MILK
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1272: Whole genome Crispr screening to identify potential SERD molecule resistance mechanisms
Authors: Christophe Marcireau, Karine Berthelot, Alice Williart, Hamida Fournet, Delphine Debono, Gilbert Thill, Helene Erasimus, Dorine Chassin, Christophe Lanneau, Veeanagouda Yaligara, Cecile Orsini, Michel Didier, Vincent Mikol, Monsif Bouaboula, Laurent Debussche
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Metastatic breast cancer results in substantial morbidity and mortality for women afflicted with this disease. Approximately 80% of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor. The cancer cell survival and proliferation is driven by the activation of the estrogen receptor. SAR439859 is an effective endocrine therapy for breast cancer selectively and effectively degrading the estrogen receptor. A phase 1/2 study of SAR439859 alone and/or in combination with palbociclib in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor positive advanced breast cancer was initiated last year by Sanofi. CRISPR/Cas9 is a recent and revolutionary technology for efficient and directed alterations of the genome. CRISPR allows users to introduce DNA double-strand breaks at precise locations in the genome using complementary guide RNAs (SgRNA). These double strand breaks can be repaired by non-homologous end joining DNA repair mechanism. This DNA repair mechanism is an error prone DNA repair process which can lead to gene invalidation. We aimed at investigating the potential SAR439859 resistance mechanisms. A better understanding of resistance mechanisms is needed to overcome this potential problem and to propose complementary therapeutic solutions. We conducted a whole genome CRISPR screening in a breast tumor cell line with a thermofisher commercial SgRNA library (ref: M04305) to identified genes involved in potential SAR439859 resistance phenomena. CRISPR screening steps will be presented from the cell line selections to results analysis. Citation Format: Christophe Marcireau, Karine Berthelot, Alice Williart, Hamida Fournet, Delphine Debono, Gilbert Thill, Helene Erasimus, Dorine Chassin, Christophe Lanneau, Veeanagouda Yaligara, Cecile Orsini, Michel Didier, Vincent Mikol, Monsif Bouaboula, Laurent Debussche. Whole genome Crispr screening to identify potential SERD molecule resistance mechanisms [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1272.
AMA Specialty Journal Abstracts
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal