tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD Rom: RCOG Dialog CD ROM: Vol 1: Issue 1: January 1998
Authors: D J Tuffnell
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Noor Informatics Consultants, £295 for college members (personal annual subscription) ISSN 1460 258 X Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> This is the first of a twice yearly series from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists from which registered individuals can gain credits for continuing medical education. The programme gives a printout of how much of the CD has been worked through and so how many points have been earned. The first important thing is that it works—both in Windows 3.1 and … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
STENOSIS OF THE PYLORUS IN INFANCY.AN ANALYSIS OF 115 CASES.
Authors: CHARLES L. SCUDDER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

"The pylorus was invested with a hard, compact substance or schirrhosity, which so completely obstructed the passage into the duodenum as to admit with the greatest difficulty the finest probe." Thus wrote Hezekiah Beardsley<sup>1</sup>in 1788 from New Haven, Conn., after having examined the stomach of a child who had had "puking and regurgitation of milk" from birth, but who, although much emaciated, had lived, in spite of this rejection of food, until she was 5 years old. Beardsley's case of 1788 is the first recorded instance of obstruction at the pylorus occurring in infancy. It is a record of importance. In 1841 Williamson<sup>2</sup>recorded the second case of pyloric stenosis. The child died when five weeks old. In 1842 Dawoski<sup>3</sup>reported the third instance. This case likewise died when five weeks old. From the time of the case of Dawosky to that of Hirschsprung<sup>4</sup>of Copenhagen in 1888, a
State Boards of Medical Examiners
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Handbook of Radiotherapy
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PHYSICIANS AND LONGEVITY.
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Era of the Patient
Authors: Alexander S. Papp
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The relationship between the terms "patient" and "consumer" in the article by Reiser<sup>1</sup>is confusing. Whether consumers are something other than patients, whether "consumer" is just a synonym for "patient," or whether being a consumer is an aspect of being a patient never gets clarified. In the section entitled "The Modern Medical Ethics Movement and the Reemergence of the Patient," the first version seems to be true. He writes about "patients, consumers, courts" having been approached by physicians and the like. In the section "Shaping Health Care Practice Through Consumer Consultants," consumers appear as ex-patients who became experts in explaining their suffering to others. This might imply that the two expressions may be interchangeable. Then, in "Influencing Education Through Consumer Instructors," he writes, "consumers who have sustained illness..."—which makes patients a subgroup of consumers. Consumers also appear as research subjects later in the essay, making the
The anti-inflammatory drug sodium salicylate inhibits nitric oxide formation induced by interleukin-1? at a translational step, but not at a transcriptional step, in hepatocytes
Authors: K Sakitani, H Kitade, K Inoue, Y Kamiyama, M Nishizawa, T Okumura, S Ito
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

ABSTRACT Recent evidence suggests that nitric oxide (NO) mediates cellular injury under the pathological conditions such as endotoxemia in the liver of rats. Regulation of NO production is crucial for improving the hepatic dysfunction. We have previously reported that, in cultured rat hepatocytes, a single cytokine interleukin–1β (IL–1β) stimulated a release of nitrite, an oxidation product of NO, into culture medium dose– and time–dependently. The objective of this study was to investigate an ability of the anti–inflammatory drug NaSA to affect the production of NO in hepatocytes. IL–1β increased levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) messenger RNA (mRNA) with a maximal effect at 8 hours in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Nuclear factor–κB (NF–κB), that is an important nuclear factor protein in iNOS gene transcription in response to inflammatory mediators, also appeared in the nuclear fraction of hepatocytes 1 hour after addition of IL–1β. Sodium salicylate markedly inhibited the NO formation induced by IL–1β, but did not affect NF–κB activation and iNOS mRNA induction. Western blot analysis revealed that sodium salicylate (NaSA) blocked a step of iNOS protein synthesis. These findings indicate that NaSA may reduce hepatic injury by preventing the induction of NO formation in response to IL–1β at the posttranscriptional step.
In This Issue
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Gene Therapy for CPVT (p 663) Denegri et al cure arrhythmia in model mice by viral gene transfer.Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited heart arrhythmia that predisposes people to cardiac arrest and sudden death.It is caused by mutations in 1 of 2 calcium regulatory proteins: RYR2 or CASQ2.The latter protein is found in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of cardiac myocytes and binds calcium ions, which restricts calcium release to the cytoplasm and prevents premature muscle contraction.Mice that either lack or have mutations in CASQ2 are good models of human CPVT.Therefore, Denegri et al investigated whether they could treat such mice with gene therapy.They injected newborn CPVT model mice with a heart-homing viral vector carrying the CASQ2 gene and after 20 weeks found that correct expression and cell localization of CASQ2 were restored.Cellular electrophysiology was also comparable to that of wild-type cells.Importantly, the treated mice displayed normal heart rate and a significant reduction in ventricular tachycardia after epinephrine stimulation.Although it will be important to show that such treatment works in adult mice as well, these results pave the way for development of clinical gene therapy for CPVT in humans.
THE DISEASE OF INEBRIETY.ITS STUDY FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE EXPERIENCE OF AMERICAN PHYSICIANS OF EMINENCE WHO HAVE WORKED IN THIS FIELD OF RESEARCH.
Authors: EDWARD C. MANN
Journal: JAMA (1894)

(<i>Continued from page 853</i>.) HEREDITY. "In referring to the influence of alcohol," says Prof. Willard Parker, "we must not omit to speak of the condition of the offspring of the inebriate. The inheritance is a sad one. A tendency to the disease of the parent is induced, as strong if not stronger than that of consumption, cancer or gout. The tendency referred to has its origin in the nervous system. The unfortunate children of the inebriate come into the world with a defective organization of the nerves." There is a class in every community of which we have before spoken, how numerous, it is not easy to say; the inherited mobility of whose nervous organization predisposes them to fall into this diseased condition with an almost positive certainty. "It is a fact," says a recent writer, "that drunkenness or dipsomania is a physical disease, depending on some molecular change in
Max von Pettenkofer. His Theory of the Etiology of Cholera, Typhoid Fever and Other Intestinal Diseases; a Review of His Arguments and Evidence.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ELECTRICAL FAILURE OF THE HEART
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transport characteristics of three fluorescent conjugated bile acid analogs in isolated rat hepatocytes and couplets*1
Authors: L MAGLOVA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The transport properties of three different synthetically prepared fluorescent conjugated bile acid analogs (FBA), all with the fluorophore on the side chain,were determined using isolated rat hepatocytes and hepatocyte couplets. The compounds studied were cholylglycylamidofluorescein (CGamF), cholyl(Nϵ-nitrobenzoxadiazolyl [NBD])-lysine (C-NBD-L), and chenodeoxycholyl-(Nϵ-NBD)-lysine (CDC-NBD-L). When hepatocytes were incubated at 37°C with 0.3 μmol/L of FBA and 0.15 mol/L of Na+, cell fluorescence increased linearly with time at a rate (U/min) of 7.8 ± 0.5 for CGamF, 7.2 ± 0.3 for C-NBD-L, and 13.7 ± 1.0 for CDC-NBD-L (mean, ± SE; n = 40 to 90). Uptake was concentration dependent for concentrations less than 20 μmol/L and was saturable. The Michaelis constant (Km) value (μmol/L) for CGamF was 10.8, for C-NBD-L was 3.8, and for CDC-NBD-L was 3.0. In the absence of Na+, the uptake rate was decreased by 50% for CGamF and by 38% for C-NBD-L; but uptake of CDC-NBD-L was unchanged and thus Na+ independent. Cellular uptake of all three derivatives was specific to hepatocytes and was absent in several nonhepatocyte cell lines. For CGamF and C-NBD-L, both Na+-dependent and Na+ independent uptake was inhibited by 200-fold excess concentrations of cholyltaurine, dehydrocholyltaurine, and cholate, but for CDC-NBD-L, these non-fluorescent bile acids did not inhibit initial uptake. The intracellular fluorescence of CGamF was strongly pH dependent at an excitation wavelength of 495 nm, but pH independent at 440 nm excitation. In contrast, intracellular fluorescence of C-NBD-L and CDC-NBDL was pH independent. All three FBA were secreted into the canalicular space of approximately 50% to 60% of couplets. Cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion with either CN+ or atractyloside inhibited secretion of all three FBA. The multispecific organic anion transporter (MOAT) inhibitor, chlorodinitrobenzene, blocked secretion of fluorescent MOAT substrates at a concentration of 1 μmol/L. At this concentration it did not affect secretion of the three FBA. At higher concentrations, chlorodinitrobenzene partially inhibited the canalicular secretion of CGamF but not the other two FBA. In conclusion, all three FBA are secreted by canalicular membrane bile acid transporters, but the sinusoidal uptake characteristics of CGamF and C-NBD-L are more similar than those of CDC-NBD-L to the transport properties of cholyltaurine. Therefore, C-NBD-L appears to be the best of the three for studies of conjugated trihydroxy-bile acid transport in hepatocytes.
Extended-release acetaminophen overdose
Authors: E. W. Cetaruk
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Notice to Readers: Supply of Vaccines Containing Varicella-Zoster Virus
Authors: H Meyers, J Rosenberg, J Mohle- Boetani, D Vugia, J Yuan
Journal: JAMA (2007)

etable oil, and chicken bouillon to marinate at room temperature for 2-3 more days.Finally, the fermented tofu was stored and eaten at room temperature.C. botulinum spores exist widely in the environment, but proper foodpreparation practices inhibit spore germination and toxin production. 2 Environmental conditions that facilitate spore germination and growth include a pH Ͼ4.6, anaerobic conditions, low salt or sugar content, and temperatures Ͼ39.2°F (Ͼ4°C). 2 In the case described in this report, the growth of C. botulinum and production of toxin might have been facilitated by several factors: (1) the almost neutral pH of the fermented tofu, (2) boiling the tofu, potentially creating an anaerobic environment, and (3) room temperature (approximately 68°F-77°F [20°C-25°C]) storage of the product for days during and after preparation.The wife reported she has lived in the United States for more than 25 years and, during this time, has prepared fermented tofu using the same recipe she learned as a student in Taiwan.Preparation of this batch was not notably different, and the reason for contamination this time is not clear.This is the first U.S. report of botulism caused by eating home-prepared fermented tofu.Historically, most foodborne botulism cases in the United States result from consumption of improperly prepared home-canned foods. 1 However, fermented foods, including fish, seal, and whale, also have been associated with botulism.Fermented tofu is popular in Asia, and homemade fermented bean products, including tofu, are the most common foods causing botulism in China.During 1958-1989, home-fermented bean products were associated with 63% of approximately 2,000 cases of botulism in China. 3Clinicians, public health workers, and the public should be advised that home preparation of fermented tofu can result in foodborne botulism.
StatBite Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Incidence by Age and Sex
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

The pancreas consists of "exocrine" cells, which give rise to the most common type of pancreatic cancer, and the "islets of Langerhans," clusters of endocrine cells that produce insulin and other hormones.Tumors arising from the latter-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETS), also known as islet cell cancers-are rare, with an overall incidence of one to five cases per one million persons in the U.S. Incidence rates increase with age and are higher among men.New targeted treatments are under study (see accompanying news story).
Developmental Outcome After Surgical Versus Interventional Closure of Secundum Atrial Septal Defect in Children
Authors: Karen J. Visconti, David P. Bichell, Richard A. Jonas, Jane W. Newburger, David C. Bellinger
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The assessment of the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on developmental outcomes in children who undergo open heart surgery is hampered by the absence of a suitable comparison group. The development of interventional catheterization techniques for the repair of certain types of congenital heart lesions provides the opportunity to study children who have not been exposed to CPB. Methods and Results —We performed standardized neuropsychological testing on children after closure of a secundum atrial septal defect through the use of surgery (n=26) or a transcatheter device (n=19). Device patients, compared with surgical patients, were similar in age at defect closure (mean, 6 years) but older at follow-up testing (12.3 versus 10.6 years). The mean weight percentile at closure was greater and the defect size was smaller in the device patients. Families of device patients tended to have a higher parent IQ, higher level of maternal education, and higher level of maternal occupation. In general, however, children’s IQ and achievement scores were in the normal range for both groups. In regression analyses with adjustment for age at testing and parent IQ, surgical repair was associated with a 9.5-point deficit in Full-Scale IQ ( P =0.03) and a 9.7-point deficit in Performance IQ ( P =0.05). Block Design was the IQ subtest on which treatment groups differed the most ( P =0.01). Surgical patients achieved significantly better scores on errors of commission ( P =0.05) and attentiveness index ( P =0.03) on a continuous performance test of attention. Scores on tests of achievement and other neuropsychological domains did not differ significantly between the groups. Regression analyses within the surgical group failed to identify significant CPB-related risk factors. Conclusions —A prospective randomized trial or a study that includes prerepair and postrepair assessments is necessary to establish whether the observed advantages of device closure in neuropsychological outcome represent deleterious effects of CPB or a methodological artifact.
Environmental Illness
Authors: Ann McCampbell
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a physician totally disabled with EI, I was extremely disheartened that you chose to publish the study by Black et al,<sup>1</sup>whose sole purpose was to show that those of us with EI are mentally unbalanced. This serves only to enhance the discrimination against us and does absolutely nothing to promote progress toward an effective treatment. This effort to prove that EI is strictly a psychological condition might be excusable if, indeed, it steered patients toward an effective treatment, but this is not the case. Although the authors state that "the affective and anxiety disorders usually respond well to treatment," I know of no study documenting that psychological intervention alone significantly improves the condition of most patients with EI. I am constantly amazed at the fervent desire of some physicians to discredit those of us with EI.
Safety and efficacy of cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): real world data from an Italian Expanded Access Program (EAP)
Authors: P. Michele, R. Ratta, R. Iacovelli, M. Mancini, G. Fornarini, G. Facchini, G. Cartenì, M. Napolitano, G. Del Bene, D. Santini, M. Mariella Sorarù, M.G. Vitale, R. Ricotta, M. Tucci, S. Luzi Fedeli, M.G. Boe, A. Mecozzi, C. Ortega, C.N. Stemberg, G. Procopio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2017)