tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Immortalized UROtsa Cell Line as a Potential Cell Culture Model of Human Urothelium
Authors: Michael R. Rossi, John R. W. Masters, Seongmi Park, John H. Todd, Scott H. Garrett, Mary Ann Sens, Seema Somji, Joginder Nath, Donald A. Sens
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The UROtsa cell line was isolated from a primary culture of normal human urothelium through immortalization with a construct containing the SV40 large T antigen. It proliferates in serum-containing growth medium as a cell monolayer with little evidence of uroepithelial differentiation. The working hypothesis in the present study was that this cell line could be induced to differentiate and express known features of in situ urothelium if the original serum-containing growth medium was changed to a serum-free formulation. We demonstrated that the UROtsa cells could be successfully placed into a serum-free growth medium consisting of a 1:1 mixture of Dulbeco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F-12 supplemented with selenium (5 ng/mL), insulin (5 microg/mL), transferrin (5 microg/mL), hydrocortisone (36 ng/mL), triiodothyronine (4 pg/mL), and epidermal growth factor (10 ng/mL). Under serum-free growth conditions, confluent UROtsa cells were shown by light microscopy to produce raised, three-dimensional structures. Routine ultrastructural examination disclosed these three-dimensional areas to consist of a stratified layer of cells that strongly resembled in situ urothelium. The cells displayed numerous desmosomal connections, complex interactions of the lateral membranes, and abundant intermediate filaments within the cytoplasm. Freeze fracture analysis demonstrated that the cells possessed tight-junction sealing strands and gap junctions. The overall morphology was most consistent with that found in the intermediate layers of in situ urothelium. The basal expression patterns of the metallothionein (MT) and heat shock proteins 27, 60, and 70 were determined in these cells, and expression was in agreement with that known to occur for in situ urothelium. The cells were also successfully tested for their ability to be stably transfected using expression vectors containing the MT-3 or MT-2A genes. The findings suggest that the UROtsa cells grown with a serum-free medium could be a valuable adjunct for studying environmental insult to the human urothelium in general and for the stress response in particular.
Travel Medicine
Authors: Daniel T. Leung, Regina C. LaRocque, Edward T. Ryan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

International travel can result in new illness or exacerbate existing conditions, and primary care clinicians have the opportunity to provide both pre- and posttravel health care. Providers should be familiar with destination-specific disease risks, be knowledgeable about travel and routine vaccines, be prepared to prescribe chemoprophylaxis and self-treatment regimens, and be aware of travel medicine resources.
Rapid Nutrition Evaluation in Drought-Affected Regions of Somalia—1987
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OSTEOPROTEGERIN IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION COMPLICATED BY CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: A BIOMARKER SUBSTUDY OF THE IABP-SHOCK II-TRIAL
Authors: Georg Friedrich Fuernau, Christian Poenisch, Ingo Eitel, Steffen Desch, Suzanne De Waha, Gerhard Schuler, Volker Adams, Karl Werdan, Uwe Zeymer, Holger Thiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Education of the health team
Authors: L. Christman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The rapid changes that are occurring in the social scene are acting as catalysts to bring about an extensive reformulation of the modus operandi of the relationships between the health professions. An affluent society, an educated public, the unprecedented pile-up of technology, and the rapid expansion of scientific knowledge are the ingredients of ferment. All of these social events, in some form or other, are becoming interlaced with the so-called activist movement at numerous levels of society in many different kinds of settings. This interaction is causing so much turbulence that the old, settled way by which the members of the health professions have worked with one another no longer seems functional. In all likelihood, the pace of change in all of the above variables will accelerate. Given this set of conditions, it appears wise and prudent to begin now to plan together to develop educational patterns and work arrangements.
Car Sanitation.
Authors: J. N. Hurty
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Indianpolis, Dec. 17, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The dispatches announce that a new palace car company with a capital of $5,000,000 has been organized in New York. This company will, perforce, build new cars, and it seems to me now is the time for those members of the medical profession who believe in helping their fellowmen to emphatically demand proper ventilation, without draughts. Surely such a thing is possible. It is to lack of ventilation, to which must be attributed the coughs, catarrhs, colds and cases of pneumonia and grip which so frequently are acquired on sleeping cars. White blankets should also be furnished, so when they are soiled and dirty, the passenger, who is paying large dividend producing prices, will know it. The traveling public is very particular in regard to having white, clean sheets and pillow cases, but is singularly silent about the colored blankets which so frequently
The prevention of juvenile smoking
Journal: BMJ (2003)

drug could colour stools.We did not ask the participants to guess their group assignment.In a recent placebo controlled trial no significant differences in guesses about treatment were found between iron and placebo groups despite the elemental iron dose used being three times that of our study. 6We found no difference in compliance between the two groups suggesting that the patients did not recognise that they had been assigned to placebo.Secondly, we did not have a procedure to control recruitment of all consecutive eligible patients, because this would have been difficult to apply in a busy clinical practice.Thirdly, ferritin concentration was the only measure of iron status in the study because it is considered the best non-invasive indicator of iron storage. 14Finally, our primary outcome focused on fatigue, a patient centred subjective measure.
A Pound of Prevention
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heat-Related Illnesses and Deaths—Missouri, 1998, and United States, 1979-1996
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Although heat-related illness and death are readily preventable, exposure to extremely high temperatures caused an annual average of 381 deaths in the United States during 1979-1996. Basic behavioral and environmental precautions are essential to preventing adverse health outcomes associated with sustained periods of hot weather (daytime heat index of > or = 105 F [> or = 40.6 C] and a nighttime minimum temperature of 80 F [26.7 C] persisting for at least 48 hours). This report describes four heat-related deaths that occurred in Missouri during 1998, summarizes heat-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1996, describes risk factors associated with heat-related illness and death, especially in susceptible populations (young and elderly, chronically ill, and disabled persons), and recommends preventive measures.
Reproductive toxicology. Formamide.
Authors: Jerrold Heindel, Julia George, Patricia Fail, Tom Grizzle, Donald Feldman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

H-C-NH2Formamide (F), an industrial solvent with likely human exposure, was tested for its effects on reproduction and fertility in Swiss CD-1 mice using the RACB protocol.It was nominated for testing based on isolated reports of antimitotic activity and developmentai toxicity.Data on food and water consumptions, body weights, and clinical signs during a 2-week dose-range-finding study (Task 1) were used to set exposure concentrations for the Task 2 continuous cohabitation phase at 0.0, 100, 350, and 750 ppm in drinking water.Based on mean body weight and average water consump- tion data, the estimated daily doses were approximately 19, 62, and 172 mg/kg for males and approximately 29, 98, and 218 mg/kg for females.In the Fo animals, both feed and water
MEASLES VACCINES
Authors: Saul Krugman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Live, attenuated measles virus vaccine has been widely used in the United States since licensure in 1963, and approximately 25 million doses have been distributed. Extensive use of the vaccine has confirmed its safety and efficacy and nationwide immunization programs have had a profound effect on the incidence of measles, with the number of reported cases reaching an all-time low this year. Available evidence indicates that a single inoculation of currently licensed live virus preparations probably provides the same lasting immunity as that which follows natural measles infection. Experience with inactivated (killed) measles virus vaccine has been less favorable. Early trials revealed certain disadvantages of inactivated virus as compared with live virus; multiple inoculations were required (three at monthly intervals), and the immunogenic response as well as the protective capacity proved to be less effective. During the past two years various reports have documented the occurrence of unusual and
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John P. Fahy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

TOXIC HAZARDS*Toluene-2, 4, Di-isocyanate (TDI)†Toluene-2, 4, di-isocyanate (TDI), also known as tolylene di-isocyanate, is used in the manufacture of plastic (polyurethane) foams of various consistencies, ranging from soft, pillowlike sponges to hard, porous, honeycomblike products. The former are being used in the instrument panels of automobiles, where their gentle resilience cushions the impact of passengers thrown against them in collisions and sudden stops. The hard, porous products have good insulation properties, and for this reason find application in certain military vehicles, where expense is a secondary consideration. Both types are known as "foamed-in-place" plastics. The reacting chemicals are . . .
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Armstrong and colleagues conducted a cross-sectional study using data from 9472 adolescent and young adult respondents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 through 2016.They found that females were significantly less physically active than their male counterparts.Minority race/ethnicity and low income levels were associated with lower physical activity in most groups. Methadone vs Morphine for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome 741In a randomized double-blind clinical trial of 117 infants, Davis and colleagues compared the safety and efficacy of methadone vs morphine for treating infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome using a weight-and sign-based treatment protocol.Adjusting for study site and maternal opioid type, methadone was associated with a decreased mean number of days for length of stay of 14% (relative number of days, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74-1.00;P = .05)that corresponded with a difference of 2.9 days, a 14% reduction in the length of stay that was attributable to neonatal abstinence syndrome (relative number of days, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.96;P = .01)that corresponded with a difference of 2.7 days, and a 16% reduction in the length of drug treatment (relative number of days, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.97;P = .02)that corresponded with a difference of 2.3 days.Continuing Medical Education jamanetwork.com/learning Gestational Age and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 749Ask and colleagues conducted a cohort study of more than 113 000 premature infants and siblings.Their findings indicated that a causal association existed between early preterm birth (< week 34) and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in preschool and school-aged children.
Detection of depressive disorder for patients receiving prepaid or fee-for-service care. Results from the Medical Outcomes Study
Authors: K. B. Wells
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We estimated clinicians' awareness of depression for patients with current depressive disorder (N = 650) who received care in either a single-specialty solo or small group practice, a large multispecialty group practice, or a health maintenance organization in three US sites. Depressive disorder was determined by independent diagnostic assessment shortly after an office visit. Detection and treatment of depression were determined from visit-report forms completed by the treating clinician. Depending on the setting, from 78.2% to 86.9% of depressed patients who visited mental health specialists had their depression detected at the time of the visit, compared with 45.9% to 51.2% of depressed patients who visited medical clinicians, after adjusting for case-mix differences. Among patients of mental health specialists, there were no significant differences by type of payment in the likelihood of depressive disorder being detected or treated. Among patients of medical clinicians, however, those receiving care financed by prepayment were significantly less likely to have their depression detected or treated during the visit than were similar patients receiving fee-for-service care. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3298-3302)
May 1982, vol 68, No. 5
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

In “Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Thymidine on L 1210 Leukemia in Mice,” by Daniel S. Zaharko and Lori M. Ramonas, page 878, the last sentence in the legend to text-figure 5 should read: N/N0=No. of cells at time=t/No. of cells at time=0 (not N/NO=No. of cells in drug-treated tubes/No. of cells in control tubes).
Observations on the Morbid Anatomy, Pathology, and Determining Cause of Emphysema of the Lungs
Authors: A. T. H. Waters
Journal: BMJ (1860)

When taken to hospital, he was found unable to move, stand upright, or otherwise maintain himself without assistance; the pupils were fixedly dilated, and almost insensible to light; there was some ptosis of the left lid; the sphincters had lost their contractility; he moved as if in pain, started involuntarily, and "talked all idly unto shapes of air".He, however, still re- tained some glimmering trace of consciousness, and could answer falteringly when spoken to in a loud voice, but soon re- lapsed into his original forgetfulness.His motions and general contour became jactitating and convulsed, his breathing more laboured and puffing; and, notwithstanding the use of a turpentine injection, the application of heat, friction, and stimulating poultices, and the exhibition of small and frequent doses of brandy, he had frequently recurring attacks of faintness and syncope, with cold perspiration, spasmodic twitchings, and pallor of face; and died convulsed soon afterwards.POST MORTEMi EXAMINATION, thirty-six hours after death.'the perforations.The cavities had a diameter of 1-16th, 1-20th, and 1 427th of an in4h.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Treatment and T2 Whole Brain Relaxation Times in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: F. Hirashima
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

OBJECTIVE: The authors hypothesized that changes in brain membrane composition resulting from omega-3 fatty acid administration in patients with bipolar disorder would result in greater membrane fluidity, as detected by reductions in T2 values. METHOD: Women with bipolar disorder (N=12) received omega-3 fatty acids for 4 weeks. A cohort of bipolar subjects (N=9) and a group without bipolar disorder (N=12) did not receive omega-3 fatty acids. T2 values were acquired at baseline and after 4 weeks. RESULTS: Bipolar subjects who received omega-3 fatty acids had significant decreases in T2. There was a dose-dependent effect when the bipolar omega-3 fatty acid group was subdivided into high- and low-dose cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Omega-3 fatty acids lowered T2 values, consistent with the hypothesis that the fluidity of cell membranes was altered. Further studies are needed to clarify the significance of alterations in brain physiology induced by omega-3 fatty acids, as reflected in T2 values.
Book Review Practical Malaria Control: A handbook for field workers. By Carl E. M. Gunther, M.D., B.S., D.T.M. (Sydney). With a foreword by Prof. Harvey Sutton, O.B.E., M.D., F.R.A.C.P., B.Sc, D.P.H., F.R.San.I. 12°, cloth, 91 pp. New York: Philosophical Library, 1944. $2.50.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Dennis M. Shaughnessy
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Hidradenitis suppurativa has often been misdiagnosed in most patients, leading to delays in management and, too often, improper treatment. When the involved areas are as clean as possible, all of the diseased apocrine gland tissue should be excised and grafted primarily. Histories of two patients demonstrate the problems involved and the end results of proper therapy.
Prophylaxis Against Meningococcal Disease
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serum concentrations of 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one reflect bile acid synthesis in humans
Authors: G Sauter
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Serum concentrations of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (α-HC) have recently been shown to reflect the activity of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase in humans. To evaluate the relationship between α-HC in serum and bile acid synthesis, serum concentrations of α-HC, and rates of bile acid synthesis, as measured by the isotope dilution technique using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were determined simultaneously. Regression analysis revealed a positive linear correlation of serum α-Hc with synthesis of cholic acid (CA) (r = .59, P = .02), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) (r = .75, P = .001), and total synthesis of both primary bile acids (r = .83, P < .001) in patients with gallstones and normal liver function (n = 15). α-HC was also correlated to input rates of deoxycholic acid (DCA) (r = .53, P <.05). Addition of patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease (n = 5) improved the correlation between serum α-HC and synthesis of CA (r = .75, P < .001), CDCA (r = .77, P < .001), and both primary bile acid combined (r = .87), P < .001). Our data are in agreement with the concept that synthesis of bile acids is regulated by cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase activity and that α-HC in serum may serve as a convenient marker for the semiquantitative assessment of bile acid synthesis in humans. (Hepatology 1996 Jul;24(1):123-6)
Epidemiology and Prevention of Breast Cancer
Authors: J. L. Kelsey
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1996)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, accounting for 32% of all newly diagnosed cancers. Demographic characteristics associated with an increased risk include increasing age, birth in North America or northern Europe, high socioeconomic status, never having been married, and, for breast cancer diagnosed after 45 years of age, the white race. Early age at menarche, late age at menopause, late age at first full-term pregnancy, and low parity increase risk, while removal of the ovaries at an early age is protective. Obesity increases risk in postmenopausal women. Having a first degree relative with breast cancer confers an increased risk, especially if both a mother and a sister have had breast cancer at an early age. Mutations in the BRCAl and BRCA2 genes are associated with an inherited susceptibility to breast cancer at an early age. Other markers of increased risk include atypical and hyperplastic epithelial cells in nipple aspirate fluid, nodular densities on mammogram, and biopsy-confirmed benign proliferative breast disease. Little can be done at present to reduce breast cancer risk through primary prevention, but secondary prevention by mammographic screening in women of age 50 and older reduces mortality from breast cancer.