tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In Reply
Authors: Philip Meijnen, Nina Bijker, Harry Bartelink, Emiel J. Th. Rutgers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

developed metastatic disease.This means six to seven of such events were prevented when more than 500 patients received RT-a number needed to treat of almost 100.A recent Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group pooled analysis 2 shows that RT increases risk of death due to heart disease by 27% (after 15 years).Median age of patients in this trial was 53, which means after 15 years, the majority of them will be in their late 70s.Data from patients with invasive breast cancer 3 shows that at this age their likelihood of dying due to breast cancer is less compared with death due to other causes, like cardiovascular diseases.Please note that we are not even counting other causes of death like lung and esophageal cancers caused by RT and all of these hazards of RT have not disappeared with the newer radiotherapy machines. 4 Expecting RT to save lives of DCIS patients will not be appropriate.On the contrary, it may increase all-cause mortality.Using local RT very cautiously and judiciously only in the high-risk group seems to be the appropriate message to be drawn from this trial.
The Medical Annals of Maryland. 1799-1899. Prepared for the Centennial of the Medical and Chirurigcal Faculty.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ATIM-24. TARGETING MYELOID DERIVED SUPPRESSOR CELLS: PHASE 0/1 TRIAL OF LOW DOSE CAPECITABINE + BEVACIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: David M Peereboom, Michael Vogelbaum, Alireza Mohammadi, Tyler Alban, Cathy Brewer, Manmeet Ahluwalia, Maksim Sinyuk, Justin Lathia
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Glioblastoma creates an immunosuppressive environment that allows tumor growth. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a class of immunosuppressive cells, mediate immunosuppression in GBMs. MDSCs are up-regulated in the blood of GBM patients. We have developed a novel strategy to target GBM immunosuppression using low dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to target MDSCs. Marked MDSC depletion occurs at 5-FU doses in mice equivalent to <10% of the normal human dosing. Goal: proof of concept that MDSC suppression is feasible in GBM patients with low-dose capecitabine, an oral analogue of 5-FU. Eligibility: Recurrent GBM in need of surgical resection; no prior capecitabine or bevacizumab. Cohorts of 3–6 patients receive low-dose capecitabine 150 mg/m2/d (dose level [DL] 1) for 7 days pre-surgery. Post-op, patients resume capecitabine for one cycle after which bevacizumab is added. Concentrations of blood MDSCs, immune cell, and relevant secreted factors are measured at baseline; pre- and post-op; and after the addition of bevacizumab. Tumors are assayed for MDSCs and glioma stem-like cells (GSCs). Primary endpoint: MDSC and T-Regulatory cell reduction after capecitabine. Secondary endpoints: Tumor concentrations of MDSCs, GSCs, and regulatory T-cells (T-regs); safety; and PFS6. Six patients have enrolled to date; data are available on 4. On DL1, MDSC reductions (range 12–28%) from baseline have not yet reached goal of 90%. T-regs fell slightly (range 0–12%). Cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) concentrations rose significantly (5, 28, 86, and 93%). No patient experienced grade 3 or higher toxicity. Two treatment-related SAEs (hemorrhage, non-neutropenic fever) have occurred. In the initial cohort, low dose capecitabine was associated with a modest reduction in MDSCs and a significant increase in CTLs. Toxicity has been minimal. One of 3 evaluable patients has reached 6 months free of progression. Dose escalation continues. (NCT02669173) (Supported by Musella Foundation, Blast GBM, Sontag Foundation, Velosano, Mylan Pharmaceuticals)
Remarks on the Present Prevalence of Small-Pox
Authors: G. Budd
Journal: BMJ (1863)

II.IT is impossible to consider the wonderful protection against their own recurrence given by small-pox and other members of that peculiar group of diseases which, as a rule, occur but once in life, without having attention arrested by the general mitigation of small-pox that results when the infection, instead of being received through the air by casual expo- sure, is given by inoculation-in other words, by direct implantation of the infectious matter on the skin.
Harassment linked to fraud, lawsuit alleges
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ALLEGATIONS that sexual harassment at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md, led to research fraud are now part of a federal lawsuit under the Racketeer Influenced Corrupt Organizations Act. If false, the charges are a heinous insult to highly reputable researchers. If true, they constitute perhaps the most egregious example of what some women's health advocates say is the extent to which sexual harassment can be damaging not only to the women in medicine but to the science of medicine itself. (See preceding article.) Maureen Polsby, MD, says it all started when she refused to go to bed with the man who recruited her for a medical staff fellowship at the (then) National Institutes of Neurologic and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS), which since has been reorganized into the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communicative Disorders. Thomas Chase,
Asthma
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Letters to the,Editor tions (60 3 (10 4, range min; n = 19; p < 0 001).The CD4 counts on the patients before the first 99"Tc DTPA transfer were 120, 130, and 170 respectively.All three were smokers, as were nine of 19 with various non-pneumo- cystis pneumonia chest conditions, and all three took nebulised pentamidine, 300 mg monthly, as primary prophylaxis for pneu- mocystis pneumonia, as did eight of 19 patients without pneumocystis pneumonia.Bronchopulmonary lavage (all three) and transbronchial biopsy (two patients) had negative results.Open lung biopsy in the first two patients did not show any opportunist infection.Both patients died-10 and 12 months after the initial "Tc DTPA transfer.Postmortem examination in the first patient showed cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma brain disease.The third is symptom free 10 months after the first test.It is concluded that a rapid biphasic "mTc DTPA transfer may be seen in advanced HIV infection in the absence of pneumocystis pneumonia.
Influenza Virus Immunization
Authors: Kumudchandra J. Sheth, Mary Ellen Freeman, Carl Eisenberg, Gerald V. Sedmak
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Before and four weeks after immunization with a single 0.5-ml dose of influenza virus vaccine, sera from 36 children with renal diseases were tested for serum hemagglutinating-inhibiting antibody (HAI) titers to A/New Jersey/76, A/Victoria/75, and A/Port Chalmers/73. Before immunization, 1:40 HI antibodies to A/New Jersey were noted in one child only, to A/Victoria in ten children (27%), and to A/Port Chalmers in 25/34 children (68%). Serum HAI titers increased fourfold or more (<i>P</i>&lt;.01) in 31/36 children (86%) after immunization. Neither the type of the renal disease nor therapy with prednisone had any effect on the rise of serum HAI titers (<i>P</i>&gt;.05). Of the seven children with preimmunization proteinuria, four had a transient rise in protein levels following immunization. None required an increased prednisone dose for exacerbation of nephrotic syndrome. Children with chronic renal problems should be protected against influenza. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2559-2561, 1978)
Response: Re: Anti–Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Antibodies and the Detection of Circulating Normal-Like Breast Tumor Cells
Authors: Anieta M. Sieuwerts, Jaco Kraan, Joan Bolt-De Vries, Petra Van Der Spoel, Fons Elstrodt, Marcel Smid, Mieke Timmermans, Bianca Mostert, Mieke Schutte, John W. M. Martens, Jan-Willem Gratama, Stefan Sleijfer, John A. Foekens
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2009)
Model Estimates How Chikungunya Spreads in the Americas
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE PUBLIC SERVICE.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perturbations of the Immune System by Xenobiotics
Authors: Michael I. Luster, Michael F. Ackermann, Dori R. Germolec, Gary J. Rosenthal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Classically, immunotoxicology has been defined as the study of adverse effect on the immune system associated with exposure to environmental chemicals, pharmacologic agents, and biologicals. Although a multitude of immune system defects may occur, these can be generally categorized as immunomodulation (immune suppression or potentiation), hypersensitivity (i.e., allergy), and autoimmunity. We present here a brief synopsis of the ontogeny of immunotoxicology as a discipline including methodology currently used in our laboratory, as well as in others, for investigating the immunomodulatory potential of chemicals at the cellular and biochemical level. Additionally, we summarize some studies related to the immunosuppressive effects of one particular compound, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Last we discuss potential future directions and challenges in the field of immunotoxicology.
Current cancer concepts. Comment: the basis for selection of hormonal addition or subtraction
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The stimulus for progressive proliferation in human breast cancer depends on the hormonal secretions which influence normal mammary growth. The alteration of the hormonal milieu is known to modify the proliferation pattern of tumor cells for varying periods of time. The difficulty is that 50% of all breast cancers are primarily hormone-independent and nonresponsive to hormone therapy, while an increasing proportion of hormone-dependent tumors develop secondary independence during their course.<sup>30</sup>The availability of modalities for varying the hormonal environment are many and the clinician managing the patient with disseminated cancer generally follows a scheme in which he sequentially selects the addition or subtraction of hormones. Let us examine the rationale for selection and study the physiologic vs the pragmatic factors influencing our choice. The primary axiom is alteration of the existent hormone state. The choice of ablative procedures in the premenopausal woman is logical in that hormone deprivation, specifically
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Ureteral stone management: II. Ureteroscopy and ultrasonic lithotripsy
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXERCISE AND THE SPLEEN
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medication Access and Continuity: The Experiences of Dual-Eligible Psychiatric Patients During the First 4 Months of the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit
Authors: Joyce West
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: This study attempted to systematically assess the experiences of Medicare and Medicaid “dual-eligible” psychiatric patients, including evaluating patients’ access to medications and the administrative functioning of the program, during the first 4 months of the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit. Method: Psychiatrists (N=5,833) were randomly selected from the American Medical Association’s Physicians Masterfile. After exclusion of those not practicing and with undeliverable addresses, 64% responded; 35% met study eligibility criteria of treating at least one dual-eligible patient during their last typical workweek and reported clinically detailed information on one systematically selected patient. Results: A total of 53.4% had at least one medication access problem to report between Jan. 1 and April 30, 2006. Although 9.7% experienced improved medication access, 22.3% discontinued or temporarily stopped taking medication because of prescription drug coverage or management issues, and 18.3% were previously stable but were required to switch medications. Among those with medication access problems, 27.3% experienced a significant adverse clinical event; 19.8% had an emergency room visit. Most drug plan features studied, including preferred drug/formulary lists, prior authorization, medication dosing/number limits, “fail-first” protocols, and requirements to switch to generics, were associated with significantly higher rates of medication access problems. Conclusions: The findings indicate consequential medication access problems for psychiatric patients during the implementation of Medicare Part D. Although Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services policies were enacted to ensure access to protected classes of psychopharmacologic medications, the high rates of medication access problems observed indicate further refinement of these policies is needed.
Medicine for the Practicing Physician
Authors: John J. Massarelli
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In size and heft, this book resembles all the other big textbooks of medicine, but its title gives the first clue to how it differs.<i>Medicine for the Practicing Physician</i>is an eminently pragmatic source of information packaged for immediate clinical usefulness. It is meant for the primary care physician to have at hand when confronted by a problem in her or his practice and for subspecialists of all types to look up information not directly related to their subspecialty but relevant to the patient before them. The first successful American textbook of medicine, Osler's<i>Principles and Practice of Medicine</i>(1892), consisted of chapters on disease entities organized into sections on the basis of etiology (eg, "Specific Infectious Diseases") or systems ("Diseases of the Digestive System"). The evolution of medical textbooks into multiple authorship was a natural step. A major innovation in format came with Harrison's<i>Principles of Internal Medicine</i>
SIR EDWIN CHADWICK (1800-1890) SANITARIAN AND SOCIAL REFORMER
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coexpression of erythropoietin and heme oxygenase genes in Hep3B cells
Authors: J Lutton
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Exposure of Hep3B cells to metalloporphyrins (tinprotoporphyrin and heme) or cobalt chloride resulted in the production of a significant number of heme oxygenase transcripts, erythropoietin transcripts or both, as indicated by in situ hybridization. Exposure to heme 10 μmol/L resulted in a 30-fold to 40-fold increase in cells expressing erythropoietin messenger RNA (erythropoietin-positive cells) by 6 hr; this increased level remained elevated for 24 hr. Tin-protoporphyrin (10 μmol/L) produced an eightfold to 10-fold increase in erythropoietin RNA within 40 min. This value then returned to control levels by 60 min. Exposure to cobalt chloride (100 μmol/L) resulted in a 20-fold to 30-fold increase in erythropoietin expression for 5 to 20 min, returning to control by 40 min. Additionally, nuclear runoff assays demonstrated that the increase in heme oxygenase or erythropoietin messenger RNA accumulation by cobalt chloride appeared to be a result of stimulated transcription of the heme oxygenase and erythropoietin genes. However, the pattern for heme oxygenase messenger RNA induction was different from that for erythropoietin expression. Heme produced an immediate expression of heme oxygenase RNA (50-fold within 5 min) and a second sustained response during the next 24 hr. Tin-protoporphyrin also produced an immediate response (40-fold within 5 min) and remained elevated (20-fold) for 6 hr. Cobalt chloride produced a 22-fold increase within 20 min and returned to the control value by 1 hr. Thus both erythropoietin and heme oxygenase genes appear to be expressed after treatment with tin-protoporphyrin, heme or cobalt chloride; however, the time and patterns of expression are different. The most significant feature of coexpression appears to be that induced by heme, where heme oxygenase is immediately expressed (5 min) with a second sustained expression during the next 10 to 24 hr, whereas erythropoietin sustained expression for 3 to 24 hr. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;17:861–868.)
Low-dose insulin for diabetic nonketotic hyperosmolar coma
Authors: W. M. Boehme
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The association of Epstein-Barr virus with Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome) proposed by Barbour et al (241:397, 1979) was examined by following up the viral capsid antigen titers in a patient with this entity. We could not demonstrate any prior experience with Epstein-Barr virus in our patient. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 6-year-old white girl was admitted to the hospital on July 23, 1978, with Kawasaki disease. The diagnosis was based on findings that met the six criteria established by the Center for Disease Control.<sup>1</sup>These included the following: (1) temperature elevation 38 to 40 °C of six days' duration that did not respond to antibiotic treatment, (2) conjunctival congestion bilaterally, with no exudate, (3) brightly erythematous and edematous oral and pharyngeal mucosa, with brightened dry and cracked lips, (4) erythema and edema of the palmar and plantar surfaces, (5) a truncal maculopapular rash, and (6)