tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE REVIEW—A CREATIVE SYNTHESIS
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetics and schizophrenia
Authors: P. H. Wender
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The past few years have witnessed a resurgent interest in the role of genetic factors in mental illnesses and in schizophrenia in particular: until the past few years both interest and research into the possible genetic contributions to mental illness had fallen into the doldrums. Exploration of the role of genetic factors in mental illness began to be formally conducted at the beginning of this century. In the case of schizophrenia, such research had documented an increased prevalence of schizophrenia among the close relatives of schizophrenic individuals which reached its maximum in the case of monozygotic twins. Until the '50s and '60s, such findings had been interpreted to substantiate the role of genetic factors in the cause of schizophrenia. During these last two decades, a shift in orientation took place. American psychiatrists had directed their attention to the increased prevalence of psychopathology found among the parents and families of schizophrenic
Dipsomania
Authors: F. D. Fletcher
Journal: BMJ (1864)

About the eleventh month, she fell in a well- marked epileptic fit, in which she was much con- vulsed.One week afterwards, she began to show a difficulty in articulation; she stammered, but pro- truded the tongue well.This difficulty gradually in- creased.She was quite conscious of the change, and complained of it.She complained also about this period of occasional headache, and a sensation in her ,xrm which she called a jumping of the bone.After this, she became gradually excited, and dis- *posed to be violent.Her movements were stiff and slow.The excited conduct extended from the eleventh *to the fourteenth month from her admission.Her ,general health was not greatly impaired; she took her meals, and retained her usual amount of flesh.She had no return of fit.On May 10th (fourteenth month after admission), she was, after a day of great excitement, taken with vomiting.The bowels were also confined.She would not take medicine, but was relieved by an enema.A few days afterwaxds (May 14th), she became libidinous in her actions.May 15th.She continued very excited; threw her- self about in a wild manner and somewhat inde- cently.The skin was moist, and emitted an ex- tremely offensive odour.May 17th.She had a restless night, and had a very violent fit this morning.At miy visit about 2 P.r., she had a second fit, from which she did not rally.She died in the convulsion; the face being flushed, and the limbs contracted.
Blood Substitutes
Authors: Andre F. Palmer, Marcos Intaglietta
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2014)

The toxic side effects of early generations of red blood cell substitutes have stimulated development of more safe and efficacious high-molecular-weight polymerized hemoglobins, poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated hemoglobins, and vesicle-encapsulated hemoglobins. Unfortunately, the high colloid osmotic pressure and blood plasma viscosity of these new-generation materials limit their application to blood concentrations that, in general, are not sufficient for full restoration of oxygen-carrying and -delivery capacity. However, these materials may serve as oxygen therapeutics for treating tissues affected by ischemia and trauma, particularly when the therapeutics are coformulated with antioxidants. These new oxygen therapeutics also possess additional beneficial effects owing to their optimal plasma expansion properties, which induce systemic supraperfusion that increases endothelial nitric oxide production and improves tissue washout of metabolic wastes, further contributing to their therapeutic role.
In This Issue of <i>Diabetes Care</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Billion Spent on Diabetes in 2012Updated estimates from the American Diabetes Association (p.1033) put the economic burden of diabetes at $245 billion in 2012-a 41% increase over the last estimate, which was conducted using data for 2007.This exhaustive economic analysis synthesized information from numerous national data sources administered by multiple federal agencies including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.The new analyses are the latest in a series that continues to document the increasing economic burden of diabetes in the U.S. Cost estimates are provided for the diabetic population as a whole, as well as by race/ ethnicity, age-group, and insurance status.The new report shows that of the 2012 diabetesassociated costs, 72% were accounted for by direct medical expenditures and the balance by indirect costs such as lost productivity, unemployment due to diabetes-related disability, and premature mortality.Among other key fi ndings are data showing that inpatient hospital care accounts for 43% of direct medical costs and that the medical expenditures of people with diabetes are about 2.3 times higher than what they would be if diabetes were absent.Other fi ndings highlight the importance of the aging of the U.S. population on the economic burden of diabetes: 60% of diabetes-related health care costs are utilized by people aged 65 and older.This suggests that as the baby boom generation continues to "age in," the agespecifi c allocation of diabetes-related health care costs will continue to heavily favor older adults-a consideration that has obvious implications for the burden of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality in old age, as well as the Medicare program itself.-
Prevention of HIV infection
Authors: D. R. Hopkins
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It has been asserted repeatedly<sup>1,2</sup>that asymptomatic persons whose activities put them at increased risk for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should not volunteer for serological testing as recommended by the Public Health Service.<sup>3,4</sup>It is argued that risks of any breach in confidentiality related to their employment, housing, and insurance, for example, outweigh any potential medical benefits. Another argument is that since all persons in high-risk groups should follow "safe sex" guidelines anyway, regardless of their antibody status, the value of testing to the individual is negligible in the absence of a drug or vaccine. Clearly, persons at increased risk must make their own decisions on this important issue, based on their own circumstances. However, they should be aware, in making their decision, of all appropriate medical facts. Some changes in the behavior of persons at increased risk (eg, reduction of the
Lead in the Placenta, Membranes, and Umbilical Cord in Relation to Pregnancy Outcome in a Lead-Smelter Community
Authors: Peter A. Baghurst, Evelyn F. Robertson, Robert K. Oldfield, Barbara M. King, Anthony J. McMichael, Graham V. Vimpani, Neil R. Wigg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

a outcomeand childdevelopment,leadconcentrations in the umbilical cord and placental tisues (body and membranes) from 9 late fetal deaths, 23 preterm births, and L8 births associated with premature rupture ofthe amnbotk membranes werecompared with the leadconcentrations inthetsueolldda22no rmalbirthModestelevationsinleadconcentrationwerefoundinthelce abodyoflate fetaldeat (stilbirths) and pretennmbirtbsaswell asin thecordtiuete with pretennmbir and premature rup- tureofmembranes.Thegeometr mean leadconcentration in themembranesfomlate fetaldeaths was 2.73 ag/gofdry tissue (95% confidencelimits0.69-10.8),whichwas3.5tlneshlgherthanthemeanfoundinnormalbirths(0.78Lg/g,95% confidencelim0tsO.61-1.00).bTheconcentratmoninthemembranesofpretermbirthsws also nificantlyhigh,being1 .24Ag/G (0.91-1.67).Low correlatons ofmebaneand antenatalbloodleadconcentratons suggest that other Ators in ad- dition to exposure to environmnental lead may influence the amount oflead accumulated in the plaental membranes.
Antihypertensive and adverse biochemical effects of bendrofluazide.
Journal: BMJ (1990)

to show was that there were true social judgments that were not open to challenge by majority opinion, and to illustrate this he turned to medicine because of the newly emerging confidence being expressed in the absolute truth of the germ theorv of disease.The contemporary belief in the power of this theory was perhaps most clearly shown in the acclaim given to Robert Koch's work on the role of the bacillus in tuberculosis, which was published in the same year as An Enemv ofJthe People.It is unlikely that a playwright would look to medicine for such inspiration today; our confidence in the ability of medical science to solve all ills has declined.Ibsen raised two important questions that remain with us: firstly how to distinguish medical areas from social and political areas and define the relation between them, and, secondly, if we cannot rely on absolute truths in either of these domains, how to assess the claims of the individual as opposed to the majority.
Abstract P6-04-21: Novel therapy of liver metastases of cancer using abraxane loaded into multi-stage nanovector
Authors: T Tanei, X Liu, M Ferrari, B Godin, K Yokoi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose; To investigate whether the Abraxane loaded within Multi-Stage Nanovector (MSV) system (MSV-ABX) is more effective in therapy of liver metastases of breast and lung cancer as compared to Abraxane (ABX). Experimental Design; MTT assay was performed to evaluate sensitivity of 4T1, murine breast cancer cells and 3LL, murine lung cancer cells to ABX or MSV-ABX in vitro. Experimental liver metastases were produced by intra-splenic injection of 4T1 or 3LL cells in Balb/C mice. The mice bearing liver metastases were treated with intravenous injection of (1) control (PBS), (2) ABX or (3) MSV-ABX. Then the mice were sacrificed and liver weight was measured to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. To evaluate the biological the effects of therapeutics, we performed histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor specimens. Apoptosis of 4T1 and 3LL tumor cells were evaluated by TUNEL staining, and proliferation of the tumor cells were stained using antibody to Ki67. Tumor diameter was measured in H&amp;E stained sections. Results; There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of 4T1 and 3LL cancer cells to ABX and MSV-ABX, in vitro. All the mice injected with 4T1 or C3LL cells developed multiple liver metastases. The liver weight was significantly lower in the mice treated with MSV-ABX as compared to those in the other groups. The tumor diameters in the liver were significantly smaller in the mice treated with MSV-ABX as compared to those in the other two groups. Immunofluorescent analysis revealed that MSV-ABX inhibited proliferation and increased apoptosis of 4T1 and 3LL tumor cells in the liver significantly more than ABX.Conclusions; These studies demonstrate that MSV-ABX is more effective than ABX in therapy of the liver metastasis of breast and colorectal cancer in our mouse models. These data can be translated into the clinic for planning novel clinical trials using MSV-ABX. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-04-21.
The Propaganda for Reform
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cover Image, Volume 40, Issue 4
Authors: Karuna Mittal, Ritu Aneja
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2020)

Description of the front cover image: The cover image is based on the EXPERTS INSIGHTS Spotlighting the hypoxia-centrosome amplification axis by Karuna Mittal and Ritu Aneja, https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21663.
Incorrect Key
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reviews &amp; Notices
Journal: BMJ (1879)

THE BAITISH MEDICAL-OURNAL[A rAl26t 3I879 and lasted six or seven days.He was cured by-valerian and moral measures.The second ces was that of a girl, who had been ill-treated by her parents and adopted by a clergyman, and developed into a hystero-epileptic, with fiequent attacks of opisthotonos, lasting from four to nine hours.Magnets and metals had been used in the treat- ment, and their application to one arm made the other rigid.He found, however, that feigning to apply the ma:net produced the same result as the real application.-Dr.R. J. LEE thiought great credit was due to the author Ior discovering the deception of the last case.-Dr.COLF-S inquired as to the cause of the increased power of these patients.-Dr.HETLEY referred to the cases of the Okey girls; and Dr. CLAPHAM% said that holding the hand out continuously was common in acute de- mentia.
Plant known for centuries still causes problems today
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

An abortifacient used in ancient Rome is causing present-day problems. It is the oil of a plant known as the pennyroyal, mosquito, or squawmint (<i>Mentha pulegium</i>). Public health officials say pennyroyal oil has been involved in three recent poisonings in Colorado, one of which was fatal. The plant is found from Canada to Florida and at least as far west as Nebraska. Pennyroyal oil is related to turpentine and is sometimes marketed as an insect repellent or herbal fragrance. It has been used for at least 2,000 years. While its action is believed to involve irritation of the uterus and bladder, triggering reflex contractions, some users contend that, taken as an herbal tea, pennyroyal is calming and diaphoretic and induces menses. There is, however, no documentation that it can induce abortion at other than near-lethal dosage. Julian Gold, MD, told Epidemic Intelligence Service colleagues at a recent Atlanta conference that
Body Measurements
Authors: Jack R. Harnes
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> From my clinical experience, I agree with Dr. Swartz (<b>213</b>:2278,1970) that girth measurements are of no significant value in the clinical determination of disease. However, it should be noted that these measurements are common requirements for insurance examinations for the following three reasons: first, as a check on the height, and weight as given by the insurance applicant when he is examined where facilities are not available for these measurements, second, to determine whether or not there is adequate chest expansion, and third, to give some idea of the applicants' body build. Individuals with a significantly larger chest than abdominal measurement are considered to be better insurance risks than the reverse.
Dietary Fats, Carbohydrates and Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
Authors: Robert B. McGandy, D. M. Hegsted, F. J. Stare
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Most of the studies so far reported have been carried out with subjects whose levels of serum total cholesterol and, where reported, of triglycerides were well below those usually considered hyperlipidemic. So-called hyperlipidemias, for which Fredrickson et al.45 have provided a useful classification, in effect are usually applied to persons representing the upper 5 per cent or 10 per cent of the general population (Fig. 1 and Table 1). The widespread prevalence of atherosclerosis and its clinical complications in developed societies and a broader view of blood lipid distributions in various populations, including the age-related increase in American society, suggest . . .
Abstract 4220: Low Calcium Score Does Not Exclude Significant Coronary Stenosis in Women at Intermediate Risk
Authors: Vimal Rabdiya, Charles Primiano, Justin Lundbye
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction : Coronary calcium deposition is associated with atherosclerosis and its quantification provides independent and incremental information to the clinical risk assessment. In women with low to intermediate clinical risk, how well zero or low calcium score predicts the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been elucidated. Hypothesis : To examine the extent of CAD on 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) coronary angiography in women with zero or low calcium score. Methods : We studied 495 consecutive patients referred to coronary MDCT for clinically suspected CAD. Of these we identified 184 women with low to intermediate risk of CAD who had zero or low calcium score. A low calcium score was defined as an Agatston score of 1–100. Luminal stenosis of 50% or more was considered as obstructive CAD. Prevalence and severity of CAD were assessed and analyzed on per patient basis. Results : Calcium scores of 0 and 1–100 were found in 101 and 83 patients respectively. Patients with zero calcium score were younger (54.92 ± 10.34 vs. 61.21 ± 10.25 years, p = 0.0001), but none of the risk factors showed a significant difference as compared to patients with score of 1 - 100. Obstructive CAD was present in 4 patients (3.9%) with 0 calcium score as compared to 21 patients (22.9%) with calcium score of 1 - 100. (p = 0.0001) Later group also had more extensive disease, i.e., 2 patients had 3-vessel disease, 2 had 2-vessel disease. (p=0.05) Conclusions: In women with low to intermediate risk, although zero calcium score markedly reduces possibility of significant CAD; low calcium scores are significantly less predictive of prevalence or severity of underlying CAD. Low calcium score does not preclude the need for further assessment and MDCT coronary angiography might be a useful noninvasive imaging modality in this population.
SWITZERLAND
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal