tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>HSD3B1</i> and resistance to androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer.
Authors: Jason W.D. Hearn, Ghada AbuAli, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Chandana A. Reddy, Kai-Hsiung Chang, Eric A. Klein, Nima Sharifi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

5020 Background: The somatic mutation HSD3B1(1245A > C) has been mechanistically linked to castration-resistant prostate cancer by encoding a mutant enzyme that augments intratumoral dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis. Given the HSD3B1(1245C) allele is also frequently found in the germline, we hypothesized men inheriting this variant allele would exhibit resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), as manifested by worse clinical outcomes. Methods: We used a large, prospectively maintained prostate cancer registry to identify men treated with ADT for biochemical failure in the post-prostatectomy setting who were without evidence of metastatic disease. We analyzed progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS) according to HSD3B1 genotype using Kaplan-Meier methods. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to evaluate potential gene-dosage effects, with homozygous wild-type men serving as the reference group. Demographic and treatment characteristics were compared to assess for possible confounders using Fisher’s exact test and Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed to assess whether HSD3B1 genotype independently predicted clinical outcomes. Results: Of 118 men genotyped, 37% were homozygous wild-type, 53% were heterozygous, and 10% were homozygous variant. Demographic and treatment characteristics did not differ across groups. Median PFS diminished as a function of the number of variant alleles inherited (6.6 years in homozygous wild-type men, 4.1 years in heterozygotes, and 2.5 years in homozygous variant men; P = 0.01). Median DMFS likewise decreased according to the number of variant alleles inherited (9.1 years vs. 6.8 years vs. 3.6 years, respectively; P = 0.01). Finally, OS similarly diminished (5-year and 10-year OS: 82% and 55% vs. 74% and 35% vs. 58% and 0%, respectively; P = 0.006). On MVA, the associations between HSD3B1 genotype and metastasis (hazard ratio (HR) 2.76; P = 0.023) and death (HR 3.33; P = 0.016) were maintained. Conclusions: Inheritance of the variant HSD3B1(1245C) allele that enhances DHT synthesis may be a powerful predictor of resistance to ADT for prostate cancer.
Radiation Therapy
Authors: Samuel A. Robins, Bernard E. LeVine, George White
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THE basic principles of radiation therapy have undergone no radical changes during the last five years. The science of physics has contributed fresh means of accomplishing what the radiation therapist has always attempted: maximum selective destruction of the tumor with minimal damage to the normal tissues. These new contributions include apparatus for the generation of extremely high as well as extremely low voltages. The term "super-voltage," which once designated a charge of 400,000 volts, must now be applied to voltages in the range of 1,000,000 to 100,000,000. These powerful rays have the advantage of greater penetration, whereas the units of . . .
Juvenile achlorhydric pernicious anemia with IgA deficiency. A family study
Authors: J. I. Spector
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The seventh reported case of achlorhydric juvenile pernicious anemia occurred in a 19-year-old man, who in addition, had a selective IgA deficiency. Family studies reveal pernicious anemia in three consecutive generations, but no other cases of IgA deficiency. (<i>JAMA</i>228:334-336, 1974)
Matrix metalloproteinase MMP 2 but not MMP 9 is involved in fibrocalcific aortic stenosis Jens J. Kaden, Rainer Grobholz, Carolin S. Fischer, Daniela C. Vocke, Carl E. Dempfle, Claudia Liebetrau, Christian Vahl, Martin Borggrefe, Peter Gaudron. Department of Medicine II, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
THE ETIOLOGY OF RICKETS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MODIFICATION OF STAIN FOR DIPHTHERIA BACILLI
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immune responses in the presence of large doses of phenylalanine
Authors: R. M. Appleman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Ryan and Carver<sup>1</sup>reported that injections of phenylalanine (L-phenylalanine) into rabbits and rats inhibited their synthesis of diphtheria antitoxin in response to diphtheria toxoid. Later, Ryan<sup>2</sup>found that phenylalanine and one of its metabolites, phenethylanine, inhibited formation of antibody in rats injected with sheep erythrocytes. Furthermore, Ryan reported that administration of phenylalanine in very large doses was accompanied by prolongation of survival of allogeneic skin grafts between mice of certain different inbred strains from a range of 9.5 to 10.5 days to a range of 15 to 16 days. The present experiments were performed to study the effects of administration of large doses of phenylalanine in rabbits, repeating and extending the work of Ryan and Carver,<sup>1</sup>and to determine the effect of phenylalanine on survival of allografts of skin in rabbits and of kidneys in dogs. <h3>Methods</h3><h3>Laboratory Techniques.—</h3> The concentration of phenylalanine in serum of rabbits
The Surgery of the Heart and Lungs. A History and Résumé of Surgical Conditions Found Therein, and Experimental and Clinical Research in Man and Lower Animals, with Reference to Pneumonotomy, Pneumonectomy and Bronchotomy, and Cardiotomy and Cardiorrhaphy.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A laboratory test is not a diagnosis
Authors: N. J. Fiumara
Journal: JAMA (1971)

It is not surprising that in the sexually permissive society such as exists today, venereal disease should be on the rise. Gonorrhea is epidemic in the United States, with about 2 million people infected annually. Likewise, syphilis has been increasing since 1958; in 1970 there were some 80,000 cases in the primary to secondary stages. About 20% of patients in the United States are reported in primary or secondary stages, another 20% in the late symptomatic stages. But the bulk—the remaining 60%—are eventually diagnosed because a positive blood test was discovered, usually for a totally unrelated condition. In women, syphilis is a disease of the childbearing period, with the largest number infected between the ages of 15 and 29. With such an epidemic on our hands, it is well for us to review some of the laboratory tests available for diagnosing venereal disease, with brief mention of the sensitivity and
Roxanne
Authors: Dennis H. Novack
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

On Being a Doctor16 November 1999RoxanneDennis H. Novack, MDDennis H. Novack, MDMCP Hahnemann University; Philadelphia, PA 19129 (Novack)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-10-199911160-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It is a gray, unsettled morning, as if the skies are troubled by the endless recitation of names over the PA system at the meeting grounds for the AIDS walk. I think of Roxanne.When I first met her, she was unconscious. Her too-thin frame seemed to remember some youthful promise, long ago abandoned for heroin and cocaine. She was 29 years old, a mother of three. Her spinal fluid exam suggested herpes encephalitis; there were opiates in her blood.Two days later, she was only a little better; still confused and sleepy.I finally reached her mother. She said, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: MCP Hahnemann University; Philadelphia, PA 19129 (Novack)Corresponding Author: Dennis H. Novack, MD, Division of Medical Education, MCP Hahnemann University, 2900 Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129; e-mail, Dennis.[email protected]edu. For reprint orders in quantities exceeding 100, please contact the Reprints Coordinator; phone, 215-351-2657; e-mail, [email protected]acponline.org. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 November 1999Volume 131, Issue 10Page: 784-785KeywordsChartsCocaineDrugsEncephalitisFallsHIVHeroinMedical educationOpiatesSuicide Issue Published: 16 November 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Landmark perspective: The new era of cardioversion
Authors: S. Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1986)

WITH the publication of this important article, describing the first clinical application of synchronized capacitor direct current (DC) discharge, the era of elective electrical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias began. The development of this method, so commonly used we tend to take it for granted, is a paradigm of the brilliant wedding of clinical acumen and profound understanding of good basic science, when chance did indeed favor the prepared mind. Its history is worth reviewing. <h3>A Signal Patient</h3> On Dec 1, 1960, a 59-year-old man was admitted to Bernard Lown's service at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston with chief complaints of sweating, palpitations, and shortness of breath. Eleven years before, he had sustained an acute myocardial infarction. Several years later, episodes of atrial and ventricular rhythm disturbances began. The night before this admission, he had developed severe palpitations. Treatment elsewhere over the next 24 hours with 3.5 g of
Journal of Immunology, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leads from the MMWR. Heroin-related deaths--District of Columbia, 1980-1982
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sales Promotion
Authors: J. R. Caldwell
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Human memory is an important concept in cognitive psychology and neuroscience. Our brain is actively engaged in functions of learning and memorization. Generally, human memory has been classified into 2 groups: short-term/working memory, and long-term memory. Using different memory paradigms and brain mapping techniques, psychologists and neuroscientists have identified 3 memory processes: encoding, retention, and recall. These processes have been studied using EEG and functional MRI (fMRI) in cognitive and neuroscience research. This study reviews previous research reported for human memory processes, particularly brain behavior in memory retention and recall processes with the use of EEG and fMRI. We discuss issues and challenges related to memory research with EEG and fMRI techniques.
Acid Phosphatase
Authors: S. Raymond Gambino
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In "Critique and Cavil" (<b>195</b>:379, 1966) Dr. Trimble listed many diseases, other than carcinoma of the prostate with metastases, in which serum acid phosphatase concentration is elevated. Dr. Trimble was able to find such an extensive list because none of the authors he quoted used an assay method specific for prostatic acid phosphatase. Acid phosphatases are found in most body tissues and the studies of Abul-Fadl and King (<i>Biochem J</i><b>45</b>:51, 1949) indicate that those found in prostate, liver, kidney, spleen, bile, red blood cells, and platelets are different species distinguishable by the inhibitory effects of various compounds or the enhancing effects of different substrates. There are only two acceptable substrates for measuring acid phosphatase of prostatic origin and they are, in order of preference, α-naphthol phosphate and β-glycerophosphate. Babson (<i>Amer J Clin Path</i><b>32</b>:1, 1959) has demonstrated that substrates other than α-naphthol phosphate
Abstract 1794: A comparative microRNA expression analysis in breast cancer and melanoma tissues
Authors: Yanping Zhang, Guangyong Peng, Eddy C. Hsueh
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Recently studies have revealed that a subset of microRNAs (miRNAs) is aberrantly expressed in the development and progression of a variety of cancers including breast cancer and melanoma. Several miRNAs have been implicated in tumorigenesis and progression of human cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms in different types of cancers remain largely unknown. The aim of the study was to compare the expression profiled of miRNA between breast cancer and melanoma patient’s tissues. Methods: Expression levels of 7 miRNAs (miR-15b, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-142a, miR-199a, miR-221, miR-424, ) were determine in 17 cases of breast cancer and 25 melanoma tissue samples. MiRNA isolation from tissue samples were performed using Trizol reagent ( Sigma, USA). RNA quality and quantity were assessed using a BioMate TM 3 Series Spectrophotometers (Thermo, Madison, WI). Synthesis of cDNA with reverse transcriptase was performed by TaqManTM microRNA Reversed Transcription Kits, For analysis of miRNA expression, real-time q-PCR analyses were using TaqMan MicroRNA Assays. All real-time q-RT-PCR were performed on a 7300 real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, USA). MiR-24 was used as the internal control for normalization. The relative miRNA expression levels were calculated using the 2 DΔCt methods. Values were presented as means ± standard deviation (SD). The comparison of miRNA levels in breast cancer and melanoma tissues were performed using Student’s t-test. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The expression of miRNAs in different breast cancer subtypes (infiltrating and Invasive ductal cancer) and melanoma (primary and metastatic) was also performed. Results: Relative miRNA expression levels (miR-15b, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p, miR-146a, miR-199a, miR-221 and miR-424) were found to be differentially expressed in breast cancer and melanoma tissues. Significantly higher relative miRNA expression levels were detected in melanoma tissues compared with breast cancer tissues in all miRNAs evaluated except for miR-424. Four miRNAs (miR-15b, miR-146a, miR-221, and miR-143-3p) had relative expressions over 1.5 compared with only 1 miRNA (miR-15b) in breast cancer tissue. DΔCt values are plotted following comparison with endogenous levels of miR-24 assessed in each sample. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that miRNA is not only a potential biomarker, but also a valuable therapeutic target for breast cancer and melanoma. Citation Format: Yanping Zhang, Guangyong Peng, Eddy C. Hsueh. A comparative microRNA expression analysis in breast cancer and melanoma tissues [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1794.
Memoranda on Poisons.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The dissemination of new medical information
Authors: J. K. Stross
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Dissemination of new medical information to the practicing physician is a complex and often faulty process. To examine the magnitude of this problem, we surveyed primary care physicians to determine their knowledge of the results of the cooperative trial of photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy. Despite the acknowledged relevance to their practice, only 28% (38/137) of family physicians and 46% (42/91) of internists were aware of the study results (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Respondents were asked to manage two patient problems involving diabetic retinopathy. Only 33% (75/229) handled both correctly, although the retinopathy photocoagulation study had been published 18 months earlier. These findings indicate that results from clinical trials may not be disseminated to practicing physicians and, therefore, not incorporated into practice. Greater attention should be directed toward making findings from clinical trials available to practitioners. (<i>JAMA</i>241:2622-2624, 1979)