tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Food and drug regulation after 75 years
Authors: A. H. Hayes
Journal: JAMA (1981)

THE FOOD and Drugs Act that Theodore Roosevelt signed into law on June 30, 1906, both grew out of and anticipated a partnership between medicine and government in the continuing and evolving effort to protect the public from unsafe and misbranded food and drugs. The first general law against adulteration of food in the United States was adopted by Massachusetts in 1784. More than a century was to go by, however, before the US Congress adopted a comprehensive law authorizing federal regulation of food and drugs and making it illegal to manufacture or offer for sale food or drug products that were adulterated or misbranded. Industrialization and urbanization vastly changed food production and distribution practices in the latter half of the 19th century and gave rise to both the need for and the ability to process food for shipment and storage. Questionable and often clearly dangerous practices were all too
Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and contraceptive hormones
Authors: P. Brakman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A study was made of the influence of progestogen, estrogen, and a combination of these, norethindrone with mestranol (Ortho-Novum), on selected parameters of blood coagulation and the plasma fibrinolytic system. Normal women were compared with normal men or postmenopausal women, and minimal differences were seen, except for an increase of fibrinogen level in postmenopausal women. Progestogen and estrogen alone had little effect, whereas the combination caused changes in 14 of 27 parameters studied (5% level). Changes were significant only when treatment had continued for some weeks. After discontinuation, establishment of normal values for some parameters was delayed. Blood coagulation was slightly enhanced. The fibrinogen concentration remained unchanged. Spontaneous fibrinolytic activity increased and plasminogen level decreased. Inhibition of urokinase did not increase. In contrast to the coagulation changes, during hormone treatment the fibrinolytic system did not reproduce the changes occurring during pregnancy.
EDITORIAL NOTES.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ITALY
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS RECEIVED.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MA03.05 New Subsolid Pulmonary Nodules in Lung Cancer Screening: The NELSON Trial
Authors: M. Heuvelmans, J. Walter, U. Yousaf-Khan, M. Dorrius, E. Thunnissen, A. Schermann, H. Groen, C. Van Der Aalst, K. Nackaerts, R. Vliegenthart, H. De Koning, M. Oudkerk
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Booknote
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary mortality: what is going on?
Authors: W. J. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1974)

CORONARY heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. During the past decade, medical and governmental leaders have proclaimed repeatedly that we are having an epidemic increase in death rate from this disease. Within the past few months an editorial in<i>Circulation</i>stated, "Cardiologists must be 'unreasonable men,' if they are to find a way to slow the rapidly<i>increasing</i>incidence of coronary heart disease."<sup>1</sup>The preface to the proceedings of a recent postgraduate course sponsored by the American College of Cardiology indicates that the rate of deaths from myocardial infarction continues unabated.<sup>2</sup>The introduction to<i>Medical World News Cardiovascular Review 1973</i>contains a similar statement. A recent national television program, "The Killers: 'Heart Disease—20th Century Epidemic' " indicated that prevention was not working and medicine had failed to stop the<i>rising death rate</i>from coronary artery disease. The vital statistics of the United States
Book Review An X-Ray Atlas of Silicosis . By Arthur J. Amor, M.D. (Lond.), M.Sc. (Wales). With translation of the legends into French by Robert E. Horne, M.A., and a foreword by Sir Wilson Jameson, M.D. (Aberdeen), F.R.C.P. 4°, cloth, 206 pp., with 72 plates. Baltimore: The Williams and Wilkins Company, 1941. $8.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1942)
Learning and Memory in Honeybees: From Behavior to Neural Substrates
Authors: R. Menzel
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1996)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Definitive treatment of intractable plantar ulcers
Authors: J. E. Murray
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Although most plantar ulcers respond to conservative therapy, such as protective padding, metatarsal supports, and gait correction, a few persist and constitute a major medical, social, and economic disability. These intractable plantar defects can be speedily and successfully treated by relatively simple surgical techniques, such as split grafts and pedicle flaps, either local or distant. These techniques were used in the management of 15 patients with chronic plantar ulcers.
Unavailability of Streptomycin, Para-aminosalicylic Acid—United States
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Statement.—
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PUB010 Intraoperative Blood Loss is an Independent Predictor of Poor Disease Free Survival for Patients Undergoing VATS Lobectomy for Lung Cancer
Authors: M. Rahouma, Mohamed Kamel, Galal Ghaly, Abu Nasar, Sebron Harrison, Brendon Stiles, Nasser Altorki, Jefferey Port
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
The Digestive System
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hospital characteristics associated with adverse events and substandard care
Authors: T. A. Brennan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To explore the epidemiology of adverse events (AEs), which were defined as injuries due to medical treatment, and that subset of AEs caused by negligence, we studied interhospital variation in these outcomes in a sample of 31 000 medical records drawn from a random selection of 51 hospitals in New York in 1984. We found a substantial variation in both AE rates (0.2% to 7.9%; mean, 3.2%) and the percentage of AEs due to negligence (1% to 60%; mean, 24.9%) among hospitals. Univariate analyses of AEs revealed that primary teaching institutions had significantly higher rates (4.1%) and rural hospitals had significantly lower ones (1.0%). The percentage of AEs due to negligence was lower in primary teaching (10.7%) and for-profit (9.5%) hospitals and was significantly higher in hospitals with predominantly (&gt;80%) minority patients who had been discharged (37%). These findings were corroborated by multivariate analysis. Our results suggest that AEs and negligence are not randomly distributed and that certain types of hospitals have significantly higher rates of injuries due to substandard care. These observations may represent an important improvement on existing measures of quality because they take into account the fact that some hospitals' populations may be at risk of suffering a poor outcome. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:3265-3269)
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 3(11) November 2006
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

The cover image is derived from photographs in the paper by Patrick Duffy and colleagues in which it is established that a younger woman in her first pregnancy who develops placental malaria is more likely than other mothers to suffer from preeclampsia, which can have severe consequences for both her and her child. Image Credit: Cover design by Natalie Davis, Public Library of Science, with images taken from Duffy et al.
Are there differences in chemotherapy (CT) administration and outcomes in elderly patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC)?
Authors: R. Sehgal, C. E. Krug, J. Reifer, M. R. B. T. Tirona, W. G. Douglas, P. Edwards, T. W. Gress
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e19521 Background: CRC is the third most common cancer in both men and women in the United States. The median age at diagnosis is 70 years and fewer elderly patients (pts) receive CT. Controversy exists in the literature regarding benefit from CT in the elderly. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate CT and its benefit in different age groups. Methods: Data on pts diagnosed with CRC from 1993-2008 were collected from the Cancer Information Resource File. Complete data on age, gender, stage, tumor characteristics, treatment, and overall survival (OS) were available on 32,177 pts and were analyzed by age in four categories: < 50, 50-69, 70-79, and ≥ 80 years. Results: Of 32,177 pts, 7% were < 50, 35% were 50-69, 32% were 70-78, and 26% were ≥ 80 yrs. Table IA reports patient demographics, IB reports median OS (MOS) by age and stage, and IC reports rates of CT by age and stage. As reported in the table, use of CT declined with advancing age, regardless of stage. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that all age categories benefited from CT [< 50 years HR 0.75, 50-69 years HR 0.61, 70-79 years HR 0.53, and ≥ 80 years HR 0.55 (all p < 0.01)] after simultaneously adjusting for age at time of diagnosis, gender, race, stage, and grade. Conclusions: Older pts receive CT less frequently than younger pts. The elderly significantly benefit from CT. Younger pts were more likely to present with stage IV disease when compared to the elderly. Randomized, prospective trials are required to explore the differences noted. Table 1A Patient demographics. Age categories (years) <50 50-69 70-79 >80 Total Gender (%) Male 48 53 48 38 47 Female 52 47 52 62 53 AJCC stage (%) I 12 20 23 22 21 II 28 29 35 40 34 III 35 32 29 27 30 IV 25 19 13 11 15 Grade (%) I 9 10 10 9 10 II 67 71 70 68 69 III 23 18 19 22 20 IV 1 1 1 1 1 <12 LN examined (%) 68 58 54 53 56 CT received (%) 66 49 31 11 35 Table IB MOS in months by stage and age groups <50 50-69 70-79 >80 Total AJCC stage I NR 128 102 59 NR II NR NR 79 46 98 III 116 97 50 26 61 IV 20 19 13 7 36 Table IC CT by stage and age groups <50 50-69 70-79 >80 AJCC (%) stage I 9 2 2 1 II 55 35 16 3 II* 64 41 20 4 III 86 80 63 24 IV 79 69 52 25 * Patient who meets criteria for CT (T4, grade 3 or 4, or <12 LNs examined). Abbreviations: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; LN, lymph node; NR, not reached.
Histoplasmin tine test as a new diagnostic aid
Authors: A. Froman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Recent reports indicate that histoplasmosis is a widespread infection or disease or both, affecting rural and urban populations. Long known to be endemic in Mississippi and Ohio River valley communities, the infection has now become the concern of eastern and midwestern communities.<sup>1-6</sup> Infection is usually transmitted by airborne dust which contains<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>spores. Birds are considered to play some role in the life cycle of this organism, probably by adding to the soil, through excreta, a factor that favors the growth of the fungus. They may also aid in disseminating this agent by carrying to new locations, on feet and feathers, fecal dust infested with spores. The grounds of the Manteno State Hospital, which is the largest mental facility in Illinois with a bed capacity of approximately 5,000, have been under study as a microenvironment of histoplasmosis during the past ten years. Many portions of these grounds which
Adverse effect of atropine during myocardial infarction. Enchancement of ischemia following intravenously administered atropine
Authors: S. Richman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Intravenously administered atropine sulfate is commonly used for the control of bradycardias during myocardial infarction. There is increasing evidence that this may not be beneficial to the patient and that serious arrhythmias may be produced. Atropine has also been demonstrated to increase the area of ischemia during myocardial infarction in dogs, but this has not been well documented in humans. It is suggested that atropine be used cautiously during myocardial infarction, and only when the hemodynamic situation clearly warrants its use or when a serious cardiac arrhythmia exists. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1414-1416, 1974)
The Tar Fraction of Cigarette Smoke Does Not Promote Arteriosclerotic Plaque Development
Authors: Arthur Penn, Kit Keller, Carroll Snyder, Arthur Nadas, Lung Chi Chen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

In addition to being the single greatest known environmental cause of cancer, cigarette smoke (CS) is also a major contributor to heart disease. We reported previously that 1) inhalation of either mainstream or sidestream CS promotes aortic arteriosclerotic plaque development; 2) 1,3 butadiene, a vapor-phase component of CS, promotes plaque development at 20 ppm, which at the time was only 2 times higher than the threshold limit value; and 3) individual tar fraction carcinogens in CS, including polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrosamines, either do not promote plaque development or do so only at high concentrations. These results suggested that the tar fraction is not the primary source of plaque-promoting agents in CS. We asked whether repeated exposure to the tar fraction of CS, collected in a cold trap (TAR), promotes plaque development in an avian model of arteriosclerosis. Acetone extracts of mainstream CS tar from burning, unfiltered reference cigarettes were solubilized in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and injected weekly into cockerels for 16 weeks (25 mg/kg/week). Positive controls were injected weekly with the synthetic PAH carcinogen, 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) dissolved in DMSO and negative controls were injected with DMSO. Plaque location and prevalence did not differ from group to group. Morphometric analysis of plaque cross-sectional areas showed that plaque sizes, which are log-normally distributed, were significantly larger in the DMBA cockerels compared to both the TAR and DMSO groups. There were no significant differences in plaque size between DMSO and TAR cockerels. The results reported here, combined with other recent findings, support the conclusion that the primary arteriosclerotic plaque-promoting components of CS are in the vapor phase.