tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Authors: Joan S. Zenan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Now ending its second year of publication,<i>The Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine</i>seeks to address the interests of health professionals involved "in advancing and optimizing medical care for the preconception patient, the pregnant patient and her fetus." Although not now sponsored by a professional society, such affiliation is anticipated. All manuscripts are peer reviewed by at least two experts; previously published manuscripts are not acceptable. Instructions to authors are well designed and are included conveniently in the last two pages of each issue. There is essentially no advertising, and the occasional postpaid postcard for ordering subscriptions is mercifully placed toward the back. Each issue of approximately 50 pages comprises 10 or so articles, four to five pages in length. The last article is typically a well-illustrated review or clinical opinion. It is a credit to the editorial staff that the spectrum of articles ranges evenly among case reports, clinical investigations,
Measles immune globulin. Proposed standard dose given with liver attenuated measles virus vaccine
Authors: R. J. Warren
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Serologic responses and reactions to live attenuated measles virus vaccine given with measles immune globulin in two different dosages were compared in children in Catawba County, North Carolina. The two dosages used were (1) approximately 0.01 cc/lb of body weight, and (2) 0.3 cc regardless of the child's weight. Although low-grade fevers were more common in larger children (50 to 70 lb [22.7 to 31.8 kg]) given the proposed standard 0.3 cc dose, both dosages produced similar antibody responses, incidence of high temperature, and school absenteeism.
Inferring cortical function from the patient's job: he made grass trimmer, but could he have made Vice President?
Authors: A. H. Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> May I express my appreciation to you and to Dr Murphy<sup>1</sup>for a fine review of blastomycosis in the June 2 issue ofThe Journal? May I also, however, express concern regarding one of the author's statements? The author states that "[the patient's] job suggested that his level of cortical function had never been high." The patient's job was that of a highway grass trimmer and tidier, a job he had apparently held for two decades. There is no suggestion that he did not trim in a straight line or that he was untidy. I respectfully submit that his job suggests nothing regarding his cortical function. Perhaps the patient would even be saddened by such a thought. I understand the author's meaning, or intent. However, we who are in medicine must take care not to infer patients' mental status from the nature of their work, lest
Control of Growth and Squamous Differentiation in Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Chemical and Biological Modifiers and Transferred Genes
Authors: Andrea M. A. Pfeifer, John F. Lechner, Tohru Masui, Roger R. Reddel, George E. Mark, Curtis C. Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The majority of human lung cancers arise from bronchial epithelial cells. The normal pseudostratified bronchial epithelium is composed of basal, mucous, and ciliated cells. This multi-differentiated epithelium usually responds to xenobiotics and physical injury by undergoing basal cell hyperplasia, mucous cell hyperplasia, and squamous metaplasia. One step of the multistage process of carcinogenesis is thought to involve aberrations in control of the squamous metaplastic processes. Decreased responsiveness to regulators of terminal squamous differentiation may confer a selective clonal expansion advantage to an initiated cell. We studied the effects of endogenous [e.g., transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and serum] and exogenous [e.g., 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol-acetate (TPA), tobacco smoke condensate, and aldehydes] modifiers of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cell in a serum-free culture system. NHBE cells are growth inhibited by all of these compounds and induced to undergo squamous differentiation by TGF-beta 1 or TPA. In contrast, lung carcinoma cell lines are relatively resistant to inducers of terminal squamous differentiation which may provide them with a selective growth advantage. Chemical agents and activated protooncogenes (ras,raf,myc) altered the response to endogenous and exogenous inducers of squamous differentiation and caused extended cellular lifespan, aneuploidy, and/or tumorigenicity. The data suggest a close relationship between dysregulation of terminal differentiation pathways and neoplastic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells.
PATHOGENESIS OF EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK
Authors: Aaron Janoff, Gerald Weissmann, Benjamin W. Zweifach, Lewis Thomas
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

In the article by Janoff, Weissmann, Zweifach, and Thomas on Pathogenesis of experimental shock. IV, in Text-figs. 4 and 5, for /micrograms protein/hour read everywhere /100 micrograms protein/hour.
Scientifically Astute Activists Seek Common Ground With Clinicians on Testing New AIDS Drugs
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

PROTESTERS SCREAMING across police barricades outside the Sixth International Conference on AIDS in San Francisco are being talked about to this day. But inside, a tense truce between activists and scientists made possible dialogue that should have significance well beyond today. "We have a common enemy," says conference cochair John Ziegler, MD. Working through the "tension between science, politics, and activism" can lead to "better policy, better treatment, and an end to the epidemic," says Ziegler, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, and director of the Veterans Affairs Center for AIDS Research and Education at the San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. With the ear-piercing exception of the last speech on the last day by US Health and Human Services Secretary Louis B. Sullivan, MD, no sessions were disrupted by activists, as happened at last year's meeting in Montreal. Instead, the activists—many declaring
Antimetabolite Radiosensitizers
Authors: Donna S. Shewach, Theodore S. Lawrence
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Radiosensitization with antimetabolites has improved clinical outcome for patients with solid malignancies, especially cancers of the GI tract, cervix, and head and neck. Fluorouracil (FU) and hydroxyurea have been widely used clinically during the last four decades, and promising results have been observed more recently with gemcitabine. Although the antimetabolites all target DNA replication, they differ with respect to the mechanisms by which they produce radiosensitization. The antimetabolite radiosensitizers may inhibit thymidylate synthase (TS) or ribonucleotide reductase, and the nucleoside/nucleobase analogs can be incorporated into DNA. Radiosensitization can result from chemotherapy-induced increase in DNA double-strand breaks or inhibition of their repair. Studies of repair pathways involved in radiosensitization with antimetabolites implicate base excision repair with the TS inhibitors, homologous recombination with gemcitabine, and mismatch repair with FU and gemcitabine. Gemcitabine can also stimulate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation; inhibiting this effect with EGFR inhibitors can potentiate cytotoxicity and radiosensitization. Additional work is necessary to determine more precisely the processes by which antimetabolites act as radiation sensitizers and to define the optimal sequencing of these agents with EGFR inhibitors to provide better guidance for clinical protocols combining these drugs with radiotherapy.
Nondysenteric intestinal amebiasis. Treatment with diloxanide furoate
Authors: M. S. Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Diloxanide furoate, an investigational, amebicidal drug in the United States, was given in a ten-day course of 500 mg three times a day. This therapy led to parasitologic and symptomatic cure in all 12 asymptomatic cyst carriers and in 52 of 65 patients with nondysenteric, symptomatic, intestinal amebiasis who had all contracted<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>infections while abroad. Criteria for cure were the absence of E histolytica parasites in three complete stool examinations, one and three months following completion of treatment, and complete or marked symptomatic improvement. Excessive flatulence was a common, but the only significant side effect. The high effectiveness (83% cure rate), relative ease of administration, and minimal toxicity of diloxanide furoate indicates that this drug has numerous advantages over other primarily luminal-acting amebicides presently available in this country for the treatment of chronic amebiasis.
FROM EXORCISM TO PERSUASION.
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1897)

Lf" Queries, answers, and communications relating to subjects to which special departments oj the BRITISH M1EDICAL JOURNAL are devoted uill be found under their respective headings.QOlERIES.IGNORAMUs asks whether a person wearing a truss should be allowed to bicycle.INQUIRER would like to know the best means for softening a hard water supplied to the boilers in a country house.A MEMBER asks for advice as to the best type of hypodermic syringe, and as to the relative merits of solutions and compressed drugs for pur- poses of hypodermic injections.PODOPHYLLIN desires to know where a girl, aged II, of limited intelligence, but who can talk fairly well and use hier hands and arms, but cannot stand owing to weakness of the legs, could be educated.The parents would contribute five shillings a week.LUNACY LEGISLATION IN CANADA.DR. W. J. H. HASLErT (Sunbury-on-Thames) writes: Where can I find the best account of the lunatic asylums of Canada, and also the legal enactmiients referring to the insane in that country ?BOOKS ON PUB3LIC HEALTH.X. asks what standard works should be studied with a view to becoming conversant with the duties and requirements of a rural district miedical offlcer of lhealth.
Genetic Counseling
Authors: Hymie Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In most medical practices, advice about the possibility of the recurrence of a genetic disease or a congenital anomaly is usually sought by parents who have already produced an affected child or by prospective parents, one of whom may be affected or has a family history of what may be a genetically determined disease. Such advice is requested not only about the rare genetic disorders but also about fairly common conditions such as epilepsy and diabetes. With a precise diagnosis, a carefully elicited family history, and an adequate understanding of the principles involved, the genetic prognosis can be given in most cases as a probability statement with a high degree of confidence. But further, discussion of the implications of a genetic prognosis must be related to the personal circumstances of the individuals concerned and requires high doctor-patient rapport.
CONCERNING TUBERCULOUS AORTITIS.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"A NEW DIET FOR PEPTIC ULCER"
Authors: Warren Coleman
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Thank you for referring Dr. Jarotzky's communication to me. The fact that Professor Jarotzky recommended in<i>Vrach</i>in 1910 the use of egg albumin and butter in the treatment of peptic ulcer clearly entitles him to priority in the matter. I did not begin the use of a similar diet until the college year of 1911-1912. It is only necessary to add that I knew nothing of Professor Jarotzky's publications until his letter was sent to me.
Cardiac Glycosides
Authors: Dale G. Friend
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

IT is now a hundred and seventy-six years since William Withering's little book, An Account of the Foxglove and Some of Its Medicinal Uses: With practical remarks on dropsy and other diseases,1 was published. This book, a pharmacologic classic, was written partly to relate Withering's experiences with digitalis over a ten-year period and partly as a protest against the abuses concerning its use that were already creeping in. Certainly, it served to call this perhaps most useful drug of all times to the attention of the medical world. Although there is some evidence that digitalis was used intermittently in . . .
Patient barriers to participation in clinical trials at a community cancer center.
Authors: Praveen Ramakrishnan Geethakumari, Joann R. Ackler, Mahasweta Gooptu, Leonard E Braitman, William J. Tester
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

17 Background: Clinical trials are fundamental to innovative oncology. Participation rates in trials have declined nationally to &lt; 5%. Barriers to participation exist at patient, physician, and protocol levels. This study seeks to identify barriers to enrollment in clinical trials at a community cancer center serving a diverse patient population. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study, including 160 eligible patients offered enrollment in 27 clinical trials from July 2010-December 2012. A standardized questionnaire was delivered by mail or in person. Patients who enrolled (acceptors) and decliners were compared using Fisher’s exact test for nominal variables and t test for normally distributed continuous variables. Results: Fifty-seven patients (36%) (males: 10, females: 47) returned the questionnaire. Thirty-three (58%) were enrolled in a clinical trial. Mean age of acceptors was 57 compared to 64 for decliners (p=0.007). Stage IV disease patients were more likely to enroll (Spearman rho= 0.33, p=0.01). Among patients with family support, 66% accepted participation compared to 40% of those without [p=0.05]. Twenty-eight of 33 (85%) who felt trust in their doctor affected their decision enrolled. Of those “comfortable with randomization,” 86% enrolled compared to 29% who were not [p&lt;0.001]. 74% patients would participate in a trial if maximal information could be gathered before making a final decision. Acceptors stated altruism, contribution to research, trust in doctor and hope for cure while decliners mentioned uncertainty in research, drug side effects, mistrust in pharmaceutical industry and depression as most important reasons for their decision. Conclusions: Our results confirm barriers among diverse patients treated at a community cancer center. Study limitations include small sample size and predominance of female gender. Factors influencing enrollment identified include age, family support, patient’s insight into conduct of randomized trials, perceived drug side effects and the doctor-patient relationship. Success lies in bridging knowledge and communication gaps, careful protocol design, and establishing trusting relationships.
Tularemia pneumonia in Washington, DC. A report of three cases with possible common-source exposures
Authors: W. J. Martone
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In June 1978, three cases of tularemia pneumonia occurred in persons residing in the Washington, DC, area. The patients, all men, became ill three to four days after a brief session training their hunting dogs in an undeveloped wooded area adjacent to a housing complex. One of the dogs, which later died, had captured a wild rabbit during the training session. All three men had handled the rabbit while familiarizing their dogs with the rabbit's scent. The men had no other common exposure that was a likely source of infection. (<i>JAMA</i>242:2315-2317, 1979)
Changing Patterns in the Practice of Carotid Endarterectomy in a Large Metropolitan Area-Reply
Authors: Thomas G. Brott
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Graham concludes that our citywide study of carotid endarterectomy inaccurately represented the national results of surgical intervention for carotid artery disease. We disagree. The Cincinnati operative mortality of 2.8% in 1980 and 2.3% in 1983-1984 was nearly identical to the 2.8% reported for the United States in 1982.<sup>1</sup>National population-based data are not available for the US carotid endarterectomy operative stroke rate. A just-published study from 46 neurosurgical centers geographically distributed around the country reported an operative stroke rate of 4.2% for 3328 operations performed in 1981. This rate was only slightly lower than the 5.1% reported for Cincinnati in 1983-1984, and the study methods did not include a page-by-page chart review.<sup>2</sup> Dr Graham and Dr Edwards both question the influence of surgical training, experience, and caseload on operative morbidity and mortality. Our analysis of these variables for 1980<sup>3</sup>and 1983-1984<sup>4</sup>failed to
In Reply:
Authors: Eduardo D. Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Quality of Life After Treatment for Prostate Cancer: No Difference Between Surgery and Radiotherapy?To the Editor: We read with great interest the recent article by Penson et al, 1 reporting on general health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in a cohort of 2,306 assessable patients, diagnosed in 1994 and 1995, 2 years after treatment with either radical prostatectomy (RP), radiotherapy (RT), hormone ablation, or watchful waiting.The main results were that no significant differences between the various treatment modalities were detected, and that impaired urinary and sexual function and the resulting bother were associated with significantly reduced scores in the majority of general HRQOL domains assessed.Such studies comparing quality of life between different modalities of prostate cancer treatment are of great importance, given that the rates of tumor control appear to be remarkably similar between different treatment approaches, as supported by a recent interspecialty comparison of data from leading centers. 2Penson et al 1 confirm prospectively previous findings that the profile of organ toxicity is treatment-specific and that this toxicity has an impact on general HRQOL domains. 3,4 Despite repeatedly stating that there are no significant differences in general HRQOL between treatment groups, the article by Penson et al 1 does not convince us that HRQOL was equal after surgery and RT.It appears striking that although they give scores for each HRQOL domain by subgroup (good v poor urinary function, etc), the authors do not present such raw data for the different treatment groups, but rather show only global means for the overall cohort.Also, the different grouping of patients at baseline (eg, "any urinary leak" v "total cohort") and at 2 years ("frequent leakage/no control" v "occasional leakage/total control") prevents the reader from estimating the true impact of each treatment on organ function.Despite this limitation, the effect of RP on urinary function ("any leak" at baseline, 12%; "frequent leakage/no control" at 2 years, 21.5%) compares unfavorably to that of RT ("any leak" at baseline, 25%; "frequent leakage/no control" at 2 years, 3.3%).This observation in conjunction with the impact of urinary function on HRQOL in the overall cohort would make us suspect that there should be at least a trend toward better HRQOL after RT than after RP.Considering the large size of the cohort, it would be of great interest to present the HRQOL data for each treatment modality in order to avoid any bias in data interpretation.Any conclusion from possible HRQOL differences between treatment approaches for current clinical practice will have to be drawn with care, as advances in both surgical and radiotherapeutic techniques since the mid-1990s have been shown to decrease organ toxicity and improve quality of life. 5,6
Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Authors: None Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal