tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of HIV antibody in high and low risk groups in England. Public Health Laboratory Service Working Group.
Authors: E Miller
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Most studies of the spread of HIV infection have centred on homosexuals and intravenous drug users. To estimate the extent of infection in different groups, including heterosexuals, the prevalence of HIV antibody was studied in 34,222 subjects tested with consent between October 1986 and December 1987 in England. These included subjects in high risk groups for HIV infection, heterosexuals with partners in the high risk groups and heterosexuals with multiple partners or with no identifiable risk factors. The prevalence was highest in homosexual or bisexual men in London (15.1%; 213/1412), being 4.0% (146/3607) outside London. The yearly incidence of infection in 632 homosexual or bisexual men without HIV antibody when retested during the study period was 3%. Among intravenous drug users the prevalence of HIV antibody was 5.7% (36/633) in London and 1.5% (39/2562) outside. Of 3272 heterosexual subjects tested, whose partner was in a risk group, eight of 515 (1.6%) in London and six of 2757 (0.2%) outside were positive for the antibody. Among 20,455 heterosexuals with a history of multiple partners or with no declared risk, only six subjects with HIV antibody were identified, two of whom had been infected abroad. Heterosexual spread of infection in England is evidently still largely confined to subjects whose partner has an identifiable risk.
Disposal of low-level radioactive waste. Impact on the medical profession
Authors: D. R. Brill
Journal: JAMA (1985)

During 1985, low-level radioactive waste disposal has become a critical concern. The issue has been forced by the threatened closure of the three commercial disposal sites. The medical community has used radioactive isotopes for decades in nuclear medicine, radiation therapy, radioimmunoassay, and biomedical research. Loss of disposal capacity for radioactive wastes generated by these activities, by the suppliers of radioisotopes, and by pharmaceutical companies will have a profound impact on the medical profession. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:2449-2451)
Council on Medical Education and Hospitals
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editor's Choice
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

Acne in the 21st centuryThis issue of the BJD contains a set of scholarly reviews on acne.Scholarly reviews are the BJD's take on reviews that are requested (commissioned) by a journal.What makes our reviews stand out from commissioned reviews in other journals?We ensure that they are cutting-edge, state-of-the-art articles, written by leaders in the fi eld and coordinated by a guest editor who is a global expert.The reviews are not supported by a commercial sponsor.Rather than just one review we
Free clinics and malpractice claims
Authors: I. D. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Kelleher's article on free clinics<sup>1</sup>as well as the letters to the Editor entitled "Volunteer Clinic Caveats"<sup>2,3</sup>bring up a question that should be addressed. A volunteer physician giving free medical care is still exposed to malpractice charges. Indeed, given that the people using the free clinics are usually the poor with nothing to lose in a lawsuit, I suspect that the malpractice risk may actually be increased. Further, should physicians doing volunteer clinic work be obligated to inform their insurance carriers of this increased exposure? I have been informed by my own attorney that there is no way the volunteer physician or clinic can extract a promise in advance that individuals receiving free care will not, at some future time, file a malpractice claim against the caregiver, either a physician or an institution. In view of this, Dr Kleinman's<sup>3</sup>recommendation to rely
Sustained Angina Relief 5 Years After Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization With a CO <sub>2</sub> Laser
Authors: Keith A. Horvath, Sary F. Aranki, Lawrence H. Cohn, Robert J. March, O. Howard Frazier, Kamuran A. Kadipasaoglu, Steven W. Boyce, Bruce W. Lytle, Kevin P. Landolfo, James E. Lowe, Brack Hattler, Bartley P. Griffith, Allan M. Lansing
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Although transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) has provided symptomatic relief of angina over the short term, the long-term efficacy of the procedure is unknown. Angina symptoms as assessed independently by angina class and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were prospectively collected up to 7 years after TMR. Methods Seventy-eight patients with severe angina not amenable to conventional revascularization were treated with a CO 2 laser. Their mean age was 61±10 years at the time of treatment. Preoperatively, 66% had unstable angina, 73% had had ≥1 myocardial infarction, 93% had undergone ≥1 CABG, 42% had ≥1 PTCA, 76% were in angina class IV, and 24% were in angina class III. Their average pre-TMR angina class was 3.7±0.4. Results After an average of 5 years (and up to 7 years) of follow-up, the average angina class was significantly improved to 1.6±1 ( P =0.0001). This was unchanged from the 1.5±1 average angina class at 1 year postoperatively ( P =NS). There was a marked redistribution according to angina class, with 81% of the patients in class II or better, and 17% of the patients had no angina 5 years after TMR. A decrease of ≥2 angina classes was considered significant, and by this criterion, 68% of the patients had successful long-term angina relief. The angina class results were further confirmed with the SAQ; 5-year SAQ scores revealed an average improvement of 170% over the baseline results. Conclusions The long-term efficacy of TMR persists for ≥5 years. TMR with CO 2 laser as sole therapy for severe disabling angina provides significant long-term angina relief.
Abstract 2137: Discovery of dual MNK 1 and 2 and BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors for the treatment of blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Joseph Cherian, Kassoum Nacro, Zhi Ying Poh, Samantha Guo, Melvyn Wai Tuck Ho, Haiyan Yang, Sharon Lim, Meng Ling Choong, Joma Kanikadu Joy, Perlyn Z. Zekui, Boping Liu, Esther Hongqian Ong, Vishal Pendharkar, Lijun Ding, Anders Poulsen, May Ann Lee, Kanda Sangthongpitag, Charles Chuah, Tiong S. Ong, Jeffrey Hill, Thomas H. Keller, Alex Matter
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Chronic Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CP-CML) is well treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) through BCR-ABL kinase modulation. However, TKI are ineffective for late-stage or blast crisis (BC) CML in which phase, granulocyte macrophage progenitors (GMPs) have acquired the ability to function as leukemic stem cells (LSCs), and are thought to act as a reservoir for TKI resistance with poor prognosis. An effective BC-CML therapy will likely have to target the BC-LSC population to ensure long-term disease control. Recent studies have shown the importance of the MAP kinase interacting serine/threonine kinase (MNK1/2)-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) axis in sustaining BC-LSC self-renewal. Thus, a single agent which inhibits both BCR-ABL and MNK1/2 kinase simultaneously represents a rational approach to target BC-LSCs. Such an agent should be able to distinguish between normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and LSCs. Here, we report the discovery of a potential BC-CML therapy that relies on the inhibition of MNK1/2 and BCR-ABL kinases using a dual specific MNK/ABL inhibitor. We will also report the in vitro and in vivo biological data, pharmacokinetic properties, and biochemical characteristics of such compounds. These compounds are able to prevent eIF4E phosphorylation, thus selectively inhibiting the MNK-eIF4E-dependent self-renewal function of BC-LSCs as a single agent while leaving normal HSCs unscathed. Citation Format: Joseph Cherian, Kassoum Nacro, Zhi Ying Poh, Samantha Guo, Melvyn Wai Tuck Ho, Haiyan Yang, Sharon Lim, Meng Ling Choong, Joma Kanikadu Joy, Perlyn Z. Zekui, Boping Liu, Esther Hongqian Ong, Vishal Pendharkar, Lijun Ding, Anders Poulsen, May Ann Lee, Kanda Sangthongpitag, Charles Chuah, Tiong S. Ong, Jeffrey Hill, Thomas H. Keller, Alex Matter. Discovery of dual MNK 1 and 2 and BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors for the treatment of blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2137.
Colorectal cancer
Authors: Mucosa Wilson, H Weir, P Maxwell, K Williamson, B Rowlands, R Moorehead
Journal: Gut (1993)

Loss of expression of a2251 in moderate and poorly differentiated carcinomas in vivo and the observation that it is the key integrin that modulates differentiation in vitro are strong evidence for the role of this receptor in the biological behaviour of colorectal tumours.
Man an Organic Community;
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biological weapons control. Prospects and implications for the future
Authors: R. P. Kadlec
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC), which prohibits the acquisition of biological materials for hostile purposes and armed conflict, entered into force in 1975 and now has the participation of 140 nations (158 nations have signed the BWC, but only 140 of these have also ratified it). However, there is no monitoring mechanism associated with the BWC. Diplomatic efforts are now under way to create a supplemental, legally binding protocol to strengthen the convention. Measures to strengthen the BWC are analogous to the diagnostic processes familiar to physicians; the problem facing negotiators is to identify procedures with high positive and negative predictive value. Few proposed measures meet these criteria. However, the investigation of unusual disease outbreaks and allegations of use are highly diagnostic of illicit activities while avoiding false-positive accusations. At the same time, such information generated by the BWC can contribute to worldwide efforts to improve public health, control emergent disease, and establish an international norm against biological weapons proliferation.
Splenic function in sickle cell anemia patients in Qatif, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ali H. Al‐Jam'a, Ibrahim A. Al‐Dabbous, Sundara Krishna Chirala, Hussain Al‐Majid, Jameela Al‐Ali
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

A prospective study was conducted to study the splenic function among sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients in Qatif (Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia). Seventy-seven patients (30 children and 47 adults aged 2–57 years) were included. 99mTc stannous colloid liver–spleen scan was done for each patient during steady state. The splenic function was graded from 0 to 4 in relation to liver uptake. Seventy percent of our patients showed evidence of splenic hypofunction, and most of them (83%) had severe hyposplenism. Up to the age of 4 years, only 17% of the children showed evidence of functional hyposplenism, but by the age of 10 years >50% were hyposplenic. Most of the hyposplenic children had functional hyposplenism, whereas only one-third of hyposplenic adults had autosplenectomy. There was no effect of level of HbF on the frequency of hyposplenism, but on the other hand low MCV seems to be protective against hyposplenism. A significant number of adult SCA patients have clinically enlarged spleens, and almost a third have normally functioning spleens. Because of the low prevalence of hyposplenism in children younger than 4 years of age, routine penicillin prophylaxis is probably not indicated in this population, an issue which needs further evaluation. Am. J. Hematol. 63:68–73, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Commentary
Journal: JAMA (1970)

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Effects of Polybrominated Biphenyl on Milk Production, Reproduction, and Health Problems in Holstein Cows
Authors: M. E. Wastell, D. L. Moody, J. F. Plog
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

PBB found in relatively low levels among animals present on a cross-section of Michigan farms during the time PBB was inadvertantly added to dairy feeds had no effect upon these animals' milk production, body weight, weight gain, breeding and reproduction performance, incidence of commonly experienced health problems, calving rate, and the health of their calves. No significant differences in these vital areas could be seen between Michigan animals exposed to PBB and equivalent Wisconsin animals which had not been exposed to PBB when both groups were subjected to equivalent management practices. No pattern of gross of histopathological lesions was seen upon necropsy between test animals and control animals.
Effectiveness of obeticholic acid (OCA) in southern European patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) as a second line therapy. A multicenter, international, real-world cohort
Authors: Luisa Garcia-Buey, Marta Casado, Francisco Jorquera, Antonio Olveira Martin, Esther Molina, Isabel Conde, Marina Berenguer Haym, Elena Gómez Domińguez, Manuel Hernández Guerra, Luiś Maia, Isabel Pedroto, Arsénio Santos, Armando Carvalho, Monica Mesquita, José Presa, Rosa Morillas, Miguel Angel Simón, Juan Ignacio Arenas, Jose Manuel Sousa-Martin, Pedro Costa-Moreira, Guilherme Macedo, José Antonio Carrión, Juan Isidro Uriz Otano, Maria Luisa Gutierrez, Conrado Manuel Fernandez Rodriguez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
MEMBRANOUS COLITIS.
Authors: CHARLES DOUGLAS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Membranous colitis occurs most frequently in infants over six months old and less than two years, and may appear in those previously in good health. It is usually a very severe irritation, greatly endangering the health and life of the child. While it may follow a catarrhal disturbance, it commonly appears suddenly accompanied by vomiting, high fever, loss of appetite, severe pain and frequent large green stools of a mucous character. The vomiting usually disappears early and the temperature falls within safe limits. Should this not occur the prostration is very great and the child melts away so rapidly that its life is quickly endangered. Usually the abdomen is tender and somewhat swollen. The pain is severe and frequent, especially for a time before stool. Where the irritation is low in the colon, there is marked and severe tenesmus at stool causing an inch or two of the mucous membrane
A clinical trial for the safety and immunogenicity of a DNA-based immunotherapy in men with biochemically (PSA) relapsed prostate cancer.
Authors: Neal D. Shore, Elisabeth I. Heath, Luke T. Nordquist, Heather H. Cheng, Kamalnayan Bhatt, Trevor McMullan, Kimberly Kraynyak, Jessica Lee, Brian Sacchetta, Scott T. Tagawa, Rahul Atul Parikh, Ronald F. Tutrone, Jorge A. Garcia, Young E. Whang, Jianqing Lin, William Kevin Kelly, Ildiko Csiki, Mark L. Bagarazzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e14634 Background: Introducing amino acid sequence changes in highly expressed self-antigens for prostate cancer (PCa) patients (pts) might lead to avoidance of immune tolerance. We evaluated a DNA vaccine (INO-5150) including SynCon PSA and PSMA. Administration of INO-5150 to PCa pts along with plasmid encoded adjuvant IL-12 (INO-9012) via electroporation (EP) is postulated to break tolerance, resulting in antigen-specific immune responses which could lead to stabilization of disease progression. Methods: Phase I, open-label, multicenter study of PCa pts post-definitive therapy with a rising PSA ≥ 1.0 ng/ml after surgery, or ≥ 2.0 ng/ml above nadir after RT and PSADT &gt; 3 months, testosterone &gt; 150 ng/dL, no concomitant androgen deprivation therapy and no evidence of metastases within 12 months. We evaluated safety, tolerability and for efficacy signals. INO-5150 low (2 mg, arms A and C) or high (8.5 mg, arms B and D) dose with or without INO-9012 (1 mg) was administered IM followed by EP in total 4 dosing arms on Day 0 and at Wks 3, 12, and 24 in 60 planned pts (15/arm). Pts were followed for 72 Wks. Results: 62 pts, 16 each in arms A and D and 15 in B and C were enrolled. Median age: 69.5 yrs (range 55.4-87.7), Gleason score: 7 (5-10), time from initial diagnosis: 8.2 yrs (0.5-23.8) and ECOG PS: 0 (0-1). As of data cutoff of 23Jan17, 52 pts had EOT visit, 7 withdrawn from treatment and 6 (10%) reported disease progression, 3 biochemical and 3 radiographic. Median serum PSA at enrollment was 4.6 ng/mL (range 1.2, 113.7) and at EOT was 6.5 ng/mL (0.1, 73.6). Median PSADT at enrollment was 8.7 months (3.1, 218.1) and at EOT it was 3.1 months (-23.1, 100.0). Safety: no reports of Grade 4-5 SAEs. 6 Grade 3 SAEs in 5 pts: presyncope, cardiac disorder, fall, neoplasm, ALT and AST elevation. Grade 1-3 AEs reported in 51 (82%) pts: 12 (75%) in Arm A, 13 (87%) B, 13 (87%) C, and 13 (81%) in D. Common AEs were injection site pain (24/39%), swelling (14/23%), erythema (14/23%), all Grade 1-2. Conclusions: INO-5150 (+) and (-) INO-9012 was generally safe and well-tolerated at all 4 dose levels in this patient population. Preliminary data suggest PSA stabilization in some patients. Immune analyses are ongoing. (NCT02514213) Clinical trial information: NCT02514213.
Andrology
Authors: John Pryor
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer of the urogenital tract: testicular tumors
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The exigency in coping with the problems of the testicular tumor patient resides in the high incidence of this disease in the young male. Although neoplasms of the testes constitute only approximately 1% of all malignant growths in men, they are the most common tumor in men between the ages of 29 to 35 years; the majority occur in men between 20 to 40 years of age. The analysis of prognostic factors is of great concern since this tumor occurs in the prime of life. It is agreed by most authors<sup>1-4</sup>that the size of the tumor, location, maldescent, and duration of symptoms or history of trauma are of no importance. The importance of some factors is not generally agreed upon; these include associated pain, urinary gonadotropin titer, and gynecomastia. Parker and Holyoke<sup>1</sup>point out that gynecomastia is an ominous finding since only 2 out of 11 of