tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MODIFICATION OF THE GERM PLASM
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hodgkin disease with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: M. D. Grant
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE PROGNOSIS in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has greatly improved because of effective chemotherapy, irradiation, or both for the prevention of central nervous system (CNS) leukemia. As prolonged remissions become more frequent, larger concern now focuses on the undesirable consequences of therapy.<sup>1</sup>Immunosuppression is the most serious problem, since this is thought to lead to the fatal nonbacterial infections seen increasingly during remissions.<sup>2</sup>Treatment may also potentiate the development of a second neoplasm, as shown in the following case report. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In December 1972, a 17-year-old boy found to have acute lymphoblastic leukemia was admitted to St. Agnes Hospital. Hematological remission was obtained with vincristine sulfate, prednisone, and daunorubicin. He also received three courses of methotrexate intrathecally and craniospinal irradiation to a total of 1,800 R as prophylaxis against CNS leukemia. Therapy was maintained with mercaptopurine and methotrexate, with periodic reinforcement by the three drugs
Suppression of the JNK Pathway by Induction of a Metabolic Stress Response Prevents Vascular Injury and Dysfunction
Authors: E. Schulz, J. Dopheide, S. Schuhmacher, S. R. Thomas, K. Chen, A. Daiber, P. Wenzel, T. Munzel, J. F. Keaney
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Oxidative injury and dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is an early and causal feature of many vascular diseases and single antioxidant strategies to prevent vascular injury have met with mixed results.Here we report that induction of a metabolic stress response with AMP kinase prevents oxidative endothelial cell injury.This response is characterized by stabilization of the mitochondrion and increased mitochondrial biogenesis resulting in attenuation of oxidative c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation.We report that peroxisome proliferator coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a key downstream target of AMPK that is both necessary and sufficient for the metabolic stress response and JNK attenuation.Moreover, induction of the metabolic stress response in vivo attenuates ROSmediated JNK activation and endothelial dysfunction in response to angiotensin II in wild-type mice, but not animals lacking either the endothelial isoform of AMPK or PGC-1α.These data highlight AMPK and PGC-1α as potential therapeutic targets for the amelioration of endothelial dysfunction and, as a consequence, vascular disease.
LETTER FROM NEW YORK.
Authors: None P. B. P.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) Meeting of the Section on Practice, New York Academy of Medicine—Dr. A. Jacobi on Chronic Peritonitis—Discussion by Drs. Francis Delafield, Wm. H. Thomson and L. Weber, At the October meeting of the Section on Practice of the Academy of Medicine Dr. A. Jacobi read a paper on " Chronic Peritonitis, with Special Reference to the Differential Diagnosis of Some of its Varieties." Most of the cases, he said, were of a secondary nature, with a great variety of causes. Having mentioned a considerable number of these, he referred to the case of a young woman whom he saw dying of acute peritonitis, who had been affected with purpura for some weeks. At the autopsy the peritonitis was found to have resulted from the rupture of some of the vessels of the diaphragm. He considered the most frequent cause of peritonitis a preceding peritonitis, and stated that in
Contribution of Passive Smoking to Respiratory Cancer
Authors: Lewis H. Kuller, Lawrence Garfinkel, Pelayo Correa, Nancy Haley, Dietrich Hoffmann, Susan Preston-Martin, Dale Sandler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

This article reviews data from experimental and epidemiologic studies on passive smoking and makes 12 recommendations for further study. The physicochemical nature of passive smoke, the smoke inhaled by nonsmokers, differs significantly from the mainstream smoke inhaled by the active smoker. At present, measurement of urinary cotinine appears to be the best method of assessing exposures to passive smoking. Data indicate that the greater number of lung cancers in nonsmoking women is probably related to environmental tobacco smoke. Exposures in utero and very early in life to passive smoking may be important in relationship to the subsequent development of cancer and need further consideration. The short-term effects of environmental tobacco smoke on the cardiovascular system, especially among high-risk individuals, may be of greater concern than that of cancer and requires further study. Further study of increased risks of lung cancers in relation to environmental tobacco smoke exposure requires larger collaborative studies to identify lung cancer cases among nonsmokers, better delineation of pathology, and more careful selection of controls. In addition, studies of epithelial cells or specific cytology should be undertaken to determine evidence of cellular changes in relation to environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Animal inhalation studies with passive smoke should be initiated with respect to transplacental carcinogenesis, the relationship of sidestream smoke exposure with lung cancer, the induction of tumors in the respiratory tract and other organs, and the differences in the physicochemical natures of sidestream and mainstream smoke.
Issues in Employee Drug Testing
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Current cancer concepts. Comment: controlled clinical trials
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

No better demonstration of the directions and dilemmas in reporting cancer results after different forms of therapy can be illustrated than in the statements in this and subsequent articles on breast cancer. The issue of controlled clinical trials and their value and future role in advancing medical knowledge must be surfaced by each physician. Inherent in all decisions to apply cancer therapy is the<i>choice</i>between different modalities: surgery and/or radiotherapy and/ or chemotherapy. Too often, the choice rests on personal prejudices referred to as "fundamental principles" and "my clinical experience" which is small, sporadic, anecdotal, and inadequately analyzed. The alternative to controlled clinical trials is uncontrolled, haphazard clinical experiences. Into which category do you fall and will you continue to fall? The reports of the present contributors as to the value of their surgical results are beclouded by the use of postoperative irradiation. Crile states that 44% of all
The Persian Gulf experience and health. NIH Technology Assessment Workshop Panel
Journal: JAMA (1994)

FOLLOWING the return of US and coalition forces from the complex environment of the Persian Gulf region during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm and the operational conditions of the military deployment, a variety of health effects have been reported. Many troops were exposed to potentially adverse substances and experiences present in this wartime environment, fumes and smoke from military operations, oil well fires, diesel exhaust, toxic paints, pesticides, sand, depleted uranium, infectious agents, chemoprophylactic agents, and multiple immunizations; some troops are convinced they were exposed to chemical or biological weapons. Few combat casualties occurred, but substantial transient gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms were seen during the troop buildup and immediately after the short conflict. Since then, there have been increasing reports of illness from troops who were participants in these operations, and many attribute their health problems to these experiences. Many of the cases include combinations of nonspecific symptoms of
Phase II randomized trial of neoadjuvant (NA) chemotherapy (CT) with or without bevacizumab (Bev) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)‏ (GEICO 1205/NOVA TRIAL).
Authors: Yolanda Garcia Garcia, Ana De Juan, Cesar Mendiola, Maria Pilar Barretina-Ginesta, Aleix Prat, Ana Santaballa, Isabel Bover, Marta Gil-Martin, Aránzazu Manzano, M Jesus Rubio, Margarita Romeo, Cristina Arqueros, Elena Garcia Martinez, Antonio Gonzalez Martin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

5508 Background: First line carboplatin(C)-paclitaxel(P) and Bev has proved to be an active combination after primary debulking surgery and improve overall survival in sub-optimal resected advanced EOC patients (pts). However, the role of Bev in the NA setting has not been well defined yet. Methods: We performed a phase II randomized open label multicentric study in pts with high grade serous or endometrioid EOC, FIGO stage III-IV, ECOG 0-2, considered unresectable in whom NA CT and interval debulking surgery (IDS) were planned. Main exclusion criteria were intestinal occlusion and contraindication for Bev. Pts were randomized to 4 courses of triweekly C AUC 6 and P 175 mg/m2 iv alone or with at least 3 courses of Bev 15 mg/kg i.v. every 3w in experimental arm. The primary endpoint was complete macroscopic response (CMR) rate at IDS. Secondary objectives were safety, surgical feasibility, optimal surgery rate (OSR), RECIST 1.1 and CA-125 GCIG response rate. Sample collection for translational research was taken at diagnosis and IDS. After surgery pts in both arms completed 3 additional cycles of CT and Bev, followed by maintenance Bev up to 15 mo. Results: Sixty-eight out of seventy-one evaluable pts. Clinical pts characteristics were well balanced, median age 60.0 y.o and a 33.8% stage IV. No differences in CMR were found at IDS (2/33 Control and 2/35 Bev). Bev arm was favoured in rate of surgical feasibility (66.7 vs 88.6%, p = 0.029), while no differences were found in OSR (63.6 vs 65.7%, p = 0.858) and in number of pts considered unresectable at time of IDS (2 vs 0). Median time from IDS to restarting Bev was 7.1 w. Median PFS was 20.3 mo in both arms, 20.13 mo in control arm and 20.36 mo in Bev arm, HR: 1.14 (IC 95%, 0.656 - 1.994). There were lower rates of serious adverse events (grade 3-4) in Bev arm (69.7 vs 42.9%, p = 0.026). 8 pts presented AE of special interest in Bev arm (3G2 proteinuria, 1G2/1G3 hypertension, 1G3 entero-vaginal fistulae, 1G3 entero-cutaneous fistulae, 1G3 deep venous thrombosis, 1G2 bleeding, 1G1 surgical dehiscence). Conclusions: NACT with Bevacizumab was feasible and improved the surgical outcomes at IDS in pts initially considered unresectable. Clinical trial information: 2012-003883-31.
Typographical Error
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ANTHRAX FROM REMOVING HIDE FROM MULE
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electromyography
Authors: Asa P. Ruskin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> With regard to the letter by Bruce A. Ames (228:828, 1974), the implication is that a highly trained technician can replace the medical specialist in the performance of electromyography. Unfortunately, many physicians who are not really acquainted with electromyography equate this study with electrocardiography. However, electromyography could better be compared to the playing of a musical instrument. Not only do the results have to be interpreted in the light of the examiner's personal experience, but the actual extent of the tests, the number and site of the muscles to be examined, and the type of nerve conduction study to be undertaken is dependent on the clinical knowledge of the examiner, and the findings he makes as he progresses with the examination. I know of only one nonmedical person whom I consider adequately qualified who performs electromyography, a neurophysiologist with a doctor's degree. Dr. Ames's letter points up
ECLAMPSIA
Authors: W. B. S. Thomas
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The work of C. H. Burn, improved on by Griffith of the University of Pennsylvania, shows that there is such a thing as an antidiuretic principle which can be titrated by injection of blood into assay rats. Why could not this particular experiment be explained in this way: As the serum from the eclamptic donor is given, the antidiuretic level of the guinea pig in question is raised and raised so that a state of eclampsia exists in the guinea pig, a state of retention of the electrolytes sodium and potassium to the point of allery—allergy to anything. The antidiuretic level of the serum of the patient is a reflection of the activity of the pituitary of the eclamptic patient. <h3>Note.—</h3> The essential point in Yamada's research is his experimental evidence of a primary denaturation of normal placental proteins in eclamptic patients, rendering these proteins highly
Legal Issues in Nonsurgical Human Ovum Transfer
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Esophageal Cancer
Authors: _ _
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2008)

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancers originating in the esophagus, gastroesophageal (GE) junctions, and stomach constitute a major health problem worldwide; esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. An estimated 16,470 new cases of and 14,280 deaths from esophageal cancer will occur in the United States in 2008. Risk factors associated with development of esophageal cancer include age, male gender, Caucasian race, high body mass index, Barrett's esophagus, and history of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Important updates for the 2009 guidelines include a new page on “Principles of Best Supportive Care” that gives specific recommendations for esophageal cancer best supportive care throughout the guidelines. To view the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology on Gastric Cancers, please visit the NCCN Web site at www.nccn.org . For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
Cancer cells' immortality may prove their undoing
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

WHAT MAKES cancer cells so deadly is their immortality. Normal somatic cells have a mitotic clock that keeps track of the number of times they divide. When that clock runs down, the cell ceases to replicate and becomes senescent. Most cancer cells, however, have found a way to stop their clocks. According to research findings reported at the American Cancer Society's 37th Science Writers Seminar, in New Orleans, La, the means to stop the mitotic clock appears to be an enzyme that is expressed in early fetal development by germline cells and most cancers, but not by normal somatic cells. The enzyme, called telomerase, enables the cell to maintain the integrity of its chromosomes each time it divides. Without it, the ends of the chromosomes, called telomeres, are whittled away until too much is lost for the cell to maintain normal function. At that point, it ceases to replicate. Telomerase
Noninvasive assessment of hepatic triglyceride content in humans with 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: K Petersen
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Hepatic lipid content was assessed noninvasively in 15 patients with hepatic steatosis by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and compared in a double-blind fashion with histological grading and morphometric quantitation of fat in liver biopsies taken within 2 weeks of the study. The lipid content in the liver biopsies was expressed as the volume fraction of total parenchyma occupied by fat. Hepatic triglyceride content was determined by comparing the 13C NMR signal intensity in vivo with the signal intensity obtained from a lipid phantom of known concentrations. There was an approximately 30-fold increase in the 13C NMR signals of the saturated carbons (methyl/methylene [CH2]n) region of hepatic triglycerides from patients with grade 4 steatosis compared with those with grade 0, yielding a good dynamic range for measuring hepatic triglyceride content. The correlation coefficient between the morphometric and 13C NMR techniques was 0.89 (P < .01). These studies demonstrate that 13C NMR spectroscopy can be used to noninvasively assess hepatic triglyceride content in humans. This method may be clinically useful for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with hepatic steatosis. (Hepatology 1996 Jul;24(1):114-7)
Reply
Authors: J. Berth-Jones, R. A. C. Graham-Brown, J. Thompson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Reply Get access J. Berth‐Jones, J. Berth‐Jones Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. A. C. Graham‐Brown, R. A. C. Graham‐Brown Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Thompson J. Thompson Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 2, 1 February 1991, Page 208, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00438.x Published: 01 February 1991