tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Miscellanea Medica
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anesthesiology
Authors: P. G. Barash
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Despite a wealth of information, an abundance of safe, effective drugs, and a variety of delivery systems, medicine in the United States has failed to adequately manage pain. Thus, the protocol for treatment of acute pain, the focus of the first report by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, has four goals: (1) to reduce the incidence and severity of acute postoperative and posttraumatic pain, (2) to educate the patient as to the need to communicate unrelieved pain, (3) to enhance patient comfort and satisfaction, and (4) to reduce postoperative complications and reduce hospital stays after surgery.<sup>1</sup>The protocol also emphasizes that prevention is better than treatment. McQuay<sup>2</sup>describes preemptive analgesia, an approach to pain management that emphasizes administration of analgesic agents prior to injury. Numerous laboratory studies have demonstrated that noxious stimuli alter neural function and preemptive analgesia prevents or reduces any memory of the
Appendicitis.
Authors: J. H. Carstens
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Detroit, Mich., Jan. 11, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the January 8 issue of theJournalI found an article on appendicitis, by an old practitioner, opposing operation and advising conservative treatment. The article refutes itself, as the report of eight cases with five recoveries and three deaths, or a mortality of 37 5 per cent., is so terrible that if surgeons would report any such mortality, a hue and a cry would be raised which could be heard across the continent. I simply want to call attention to it for fear that the article might have been overlooked. It is the same old story. By conservative treatment a good many cases will recover, and about 15 per cent will die. This man's statistics are far worse. There may be surgeons who are ambitious and inexperienced and who consequently operate when a patient is convalescing and there is no need
Changing patterns of hip fracture care before and after implementation of the prospective payment system
Authors: J. F. Fitzgerald
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We tested the hypothesis that since the implementation of the prospective payment system (PPS), elderly patients hospitalized for hip fractures receive shorter, less care-intensive hospitalizations and are more frequently institutionalized. In blinded fashion, we reviewed the charts of elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to a municipal hospital from 1981 through 1985. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients treated before implementation of the PPS were similar to patients treated thereafter. After implementation of the PPS, the mean length of hospitalization fell from 16.6 to 10.3 days, and the mean number of physical therapy sessions received decreased from 9.7 to 4.9. Concomitantly, the proportion of patients discharged to a nursing home increased (21% to 48%), as did the proportion receiving nursing home care at six months after discharge (13% to 39%). This increase in long-term nursing home placement suggests that the quality of care for elderly patients with hip fractures may have deteriorated. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:218-221)
Metabolic Obesity?
Authors: Philip K. Bondy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

For the adipose tissues of an animal or a human being to increase, more calories must be ingested and absorbed than are needed to satisfy the organism's metabolic requirements. In normal persons, there is a close coupling between metabolic demands and caloric intake, so that weight normally remains relatively constant in adults. Many reasons for disturbances in regulation of caloric intake are fairly well understood. These causes include damage to the hypothalamic satiety center, certain types of emotional disturbances, socially established patterns of eating, persistent high caloric intake in persons whose needs have lessened as a result of alterations in . . .
Evaluation of ON01910.Na In Patients with a Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) or Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Relapsed or Refractory to Hypomethylating Agents: A Phase I Study
Authors: Lewis R Silverman, Shyamala C. Navada, Rosalie Odchimar-Reissig, Vesna Najfeld, Takao Ohnuma, Francois Wilhelm, E. Premkumar Reddy, James F. Holland
Journal: Blood (2010)
Philadelphia General Hospital
Authors: Todd H. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The MEDICAL NEWS &amp; PERSPECTIVES feature on the demise of Philadelphia General Hospital<sup>1</sup>raised an important issue: are public hospitals necessary at all, anywhere? Unfortunately, like most contemporary authors who try to confront the problems of public hospitals and health care for the poor, your writer evaded this key issue, not daring explicitly to raise or discuss such a sensitive question. Well, I have no such qualms. I lived in Philadelphia at the time Philadelphia General was closed and returned to the city in 1984 for my residency, after attending a medical school in New York that made extensive use of a nearby city hospital. Neither in the 1970s nor in the 1980s have I (or, to my knowledge, anyone else) observed any adverse effects of the hospital's closing on the health of Philadelphia's substantial poor population. Presently, it appears that all patients in Philadelphia, regardless
Influence of Exogenous Estrogen Receptor Ligands on Uterine Leiomyoma: Evidence from an in Vitro/in Vivo Animal Model for Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Deborah S. Hunter, Leslie C. Hodges, Patricia K. Eagon, Peter M. Vonier, Robin Fuchs-Young, Jill S. Bergerson, Cheryl L. Walker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)
Abstract 2821: Does End-systolic Stress Adequately Reflect Time-varying Left Ventricular Wall And Fiber Stress in Hypertension?: Influence Of The Components Of Arterial Pulsatile Load
Authors: Julio A Chirinos, Patrick Segers, Abigail Swillens, James Kirkpatrick, Hind Rahmouni, Craig Lanning, Frank Silvestry, Martin Keane, Susan Wiegers, Victor Ferrari, Martin St John Sutton
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Pulsatile hemodynamic abnormalities are key determinants of left ventricular (LV) afterload, which is commonly assessed by end-systolic wall and fiber stress. These important indices of afterload are highly sensitive to cavity size and wall thickness. Since cavity size, pressure and wall thickness all change markedly throughout systole, end-systolic stress may not adequately describe the contribution of different components of arterial load to time-varying stress, since these arterial components also vary markedly throughout systole. We studied 25 hypertensive adults (mean age: 58 yrs; 44% male). Central pressure (carotid tonometry) and flow (Doppler echocardiography) were measured simultaneously and the pressure wave was decomposed into its forward (Pf) and reflected (backward, Pb) components. Speckle-tracking echocardiography was used to measure instantaneous LV cavity and wall areas during systole, which were used to compute time-varying fiber (Arts method) and meridional wall (Janz method) stress. Peak fiber and wall stress values were, on average, 1.87- and 2.19-fold higher than end-systolic values, respectively. Peak fiber and wall stress occurred in early systole (97±7 and 81±4 msec after the onset of ejection, respectively), before important contributions of Pb to central pressure. Although end-systolic stress predicted a large proportion of the variability in peak fiber (76%; p&lt;0.0001) and wall (80%; p&lt;0.0001) stress, the ratio of peak/end-systolic stress decreased with increasing Pb/Pf amplitude ratio (fiber stress: R=−0.59, p=0.001; wall stress: R=−0.50; p=0.01). Similarly, the ratio of mean systolic/end-systolic stress decreased with increasing Pb/Pf amplitude ratio (fiber stress: R=−0.58, p=0.002; wall stress: R=−0.51; p=0.007). Adjustment for systemic vascular resistance did not affect these results. The relationship between end-systolic and time-varying LV fiber and wall stress is strongly biased by wave reflections. End-systolic stress does not adequately reflect the contribution of different components of arterial load on time-varying stress, which should be assessed with the combination of arterial tonometry and contemporary echocardiographic techniques.
Trend Tests for Proportional Responses in Developmental Toxicity Experiments
Authors: Vernon M. Chinchilli, B. Christine Clark
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The data from developmental toxicity experiments usually are very difficult to analyze statistically because of the lack of independence among littermates and the random nature of the litter size. Only a few of the models that have been proposed in the literature have accounted for both of these features. One of the models proposed by Van Ryzin is invoked to construct a test of trend (dose response). The construction is achieved via a statistical technique called isotonic regression, which is applied to the moment estimators derived by Van Ryzin. The trend test based on isotonic regression is relatively straightforward to calculate, and when the number of dose groups (including control) is four or less, the significance of the observed result is easily determined. An example, in which fetolethality is the end point of interest, demonstrates the test.
Asymptomatic Pulmonary Embolism Complicating Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: John Blebea
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The title of the article by Dr Moser and colleagues<sup>1</sup>more appropriately should have been "Frequent Abnormal Ventilation-Perfusion Scans in Patients With Deep Venous Thrombosis" to accurately reflect the results of the study. Their study was performed between 1987 and 1989 to evaluate the efficacy of tissue-type plasminogen activator for the treatment of thromboembolism. It was subsequently noted that 16 (43%) of 37 patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) had ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scans with a high probability for pulmonary embolism (PE) although all patients were asymptomatic. Without any confirmatory pulmonary angiograms, the authors' conclusion that at least 43% of patients with bland DVT have asymptomatic PE is unsubstantiated. Assuming that these were not high-risk patients, the accuracy of V/Q scans under such circumstances is undocumented by other studies or by the authors. Although they assert that their scan scoring system is comparable to the high-probability category
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, December 15, 1961, to January 15, 1962
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, December 15, 1961, to January 15, 1962 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 28, Issue 2, February 1962, Page 494, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/28.2.494 Published: 01 February 1962
Management of Lower Abdominal Incisions Without Surgical Dressings
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dementia: its definition, differential diagnosis, and subtypes
Authors: M. M. Mesulam
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Dementia, not unlike heart failure or renal insufficiency, is a generic term that makes little assumption about etiology. Because there are no specific laboratory tests, however, its diagnosis relies exclusively on clinical criteria. The presence of dementia should be suspected whenever mental changes of insidious onset emerge without sufficient situational stress and gradually interfere with the daily living activities that are appropriate for age and background. Dementia can be reversible or irreversible, precipitously progressive or indolent, bristling with multiple cognitive deficits, or characterized almost exclusively by disturbances of affect, motivation, and personality. When the behavioral changes are dramatic and interfere with active careers in younger individuals, early diagnosis poses little difficulty. The real challenge arises among the elderly, in whom dementia is also far more common. This is because the elderly tend to have less demanding daily activities, the disruption of which may take longer to detect, and also because
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome comes of age. Recognition of the complete clinical spectrum and its management
Authors: R. M. Zollinger
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The non-beta islet cell tumor of the pancreas is associated with a variety of clinical symptoms. These tumors as well as their metastases can produce a potent gastrinlike hormone responsible for marked gastric hypersecretion and a fulminating ulcer diathesis, with or without diarrhea. Less commonly, these tumors may be associated with a severe diarrhea in the absence of gastric hypersecretion or peptic ulceration. The relatively fixed concentration of hydrochloric acid in the control and following the augmented histamine test and the Lai rat bioassay can be of diagnostic value. The potential of the non-beta islet cell tumor of the pancreas to produce more than one hormone is suggested from the case reports. The treatment of peptic ulcer may eventually be improved by systemic measures designed to control the hormones responsible for gastric hypersecretion.
Metformin impact on progression-free survival in diabetic patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) receiving everolimus and/or somatostatin analogues. The PRIME-NET (Pancreatic multicentric, Retrospective, Italian MEtformin) study
Authors: S. Pusceddu, R. Marconcini, F. Spada, S. Massironi, A. Bongiovanni, M.P. Brizzi, N. Brighi, A. Colao, D. Giuffrida, Glle De Fave, S. Cingarlini, F. Aroldi, L. Antonuzzo, R. Berardi, L. Catena, C. de divitis, P. Ermacora, M. Di Maio, R. Buzzoni, F. de Braud
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Phase I study of dasatinib in combination with capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab followed by an expanded cohort in previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: A. Starodub, A. L. Cohn, C. Arrowood, S. Haley, M. Morse, H. E. Uronis, G. C. Blobe, S. D. Hsu, Y. Zafar, H. Hurwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

513 Background: SRC is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in normal and tumor cell signaling functions including cell proliferation, angiogenesis and survival. Dasatinib (D) is a potent inhibitor of SRC kinase activity. Preclinical data suggests the addition of D to standard chemotherapy agents for colon cancer may increase anti-tumor activity. We evaluated D in combination with capecitabine (C), oxaliplatin (O) and bevacizumab (B) in a phase I dose escalation study followed by an expanded cohort in 1 st line colorectal. Methods: For dose escalation, eligible patients had advanced solid tumors with adequate organ and bone marrow function and no increased risk for class-related toxicities. B and O were given intravenously, and C and D were orally administered; cycle length was 21 days. C was dosed at 850 mg/m 2 on days 1-14; O was dosed at 130 mg/m 2 and B was dosed at 7.5 mg/kg on day one of each cycle. D was dosed at 50 mg twice daily in cohort one and 70 mg once daily in cohort -1. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was assessed in cycle 1. Results: Dose escalation is complete with 10 subjects evaluable for toxicity and 11 subjects evaluable for efficacy. Two DLTs were observed out of 5 evaluable subjects in cohort one. Six evaluable subjects were enrolled in the -1 cohort with 1 DLT. Possible grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) included neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, anorexia, diarrhea, fatigue, anemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia and grade 5 GI-perforation. One non-treatment related death was due to disease progression. D-related nausea and fatigue were responsive to low dose oral steroids; fluid retention was responsive to diuretics. Of 10 subjects evaluable for efficacy, 1 subject had a partial response (PR), 2 had a minor response (MR), and 4 had stable disease (SD). Four subjects had disease control (PR, MR, or SD) ≥ 6 months. Conclusions: D in combination with C, O and B is well-tolerated with a toxicity profile similar to standard C, O and B.The recommended phase II dose is C at 850 mg/m 2 on days 1-14, O at 130 mg/m 2 and B at 7.5 mg/kg on day one of each cycle, and D at 70 mg once daily. Enrollment in the expanded cohort of 1 st line colorectal is ongoing. [Table: see text]
Pacemakers in Complete Heart-Block
Authors: Jack Margolis
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The problem of pacemakers as I see it is that they are probably being used in many situations where their use is not necessary. The intent of my article was to bring this fact to the attention of the medical profession. In many centers, a diagnosis of complete heart-block means pacemaker implantation. Although I have not seen Dr. Parsonnet's cases reported, I would assume that the 1,000 cases Dr. Parsonnet writes about would probably indicate that almost every patient admitted to his hospital with a diagnosis of complete heart-block would receive a pacemaker. It is precisely against this pacemaker usage that I have written this article. While Dr. Parsonnet only reports a 2% mortality in his series, I see no mention of complications, of which there are many. Admittedly, I have reported only 15 cases over a tenyear period, but this was<i>all</i>the patients with a
Ethics, consent, and controlled clinical trial
Authors: M. Finland
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Considerable interest has been focused recently on the moral, ethical, and legal issues involved in human experimentation.The obvious and gross encroachments on the rights, feelings, and even life of individuals disclosed in the Nuremberg trials exemplified, in a grossly distorted manner, the extreme potentials of investigations in humans which first gave rise to this renewed concern. In another sphere, the large number of deaths that resulted from the use of an improperly chosen solvent for sulfanilamide led to the first group of amendments to the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act designed to insure the safety of drugs. The more recent thalidomide tragedy hastened the passage of the Kefauver-Harris amendments and also spurred the provision of many new regulations to insure the efficacy as well as the safety of drugs. In each of these instances, the uncovering of some major tragedy, and scrutiny of the events leading to it, have
US Suicide Rates Display Growing Geographic Disparity
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Afebrile septicemia
Authors: I. M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Septicemia<sup>1</sup>is a silent killer. The absence of fever in the elderly (aged 65 years and older) in whom 42% of cases of septicemia and 6296 of the related deaths occur,<sup>2</sup>makes septicemia particularly difficult to diagnose (see p 1478 in this issue ofThe Journal). Without careful antibiotic therapy, recovery is rare in this life-threatening disease. After myocardial infarction, septicemia is the most frequent cause of death in the elderly, aged 70 years and older,<sup>3</sup>provided that all types of cancer are listed separately. In Europe, the term<i>bacteremia</i>indicates the temporary asymptomatic presence of bacteria in the blood and<i>septicemia</i>is the disease caused by established bacteremia. In the United States, the word<i>bacteremia</i>is used for both. I prefer the European nonmenclature, as it parallels bacteriuria and cystitis or pyelonephritis. The disease is often iatrogenic and hospital- or nursinghome—acquired; thus, physicians should be aware
Neurogenetic Dissection Of Learning And Short-Term Memory In Drosophila
Authors: Y Dudai
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1988)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More