tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized prospective trial of continuous vs intermittent heparin therapy
Authors: R. L. Glazier
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Forty-one patients with clinical indications for heparin therapy were randomized to receive continuous intravenous heparin sodium therapy or intermittent (four-hourly bolus) heparin therapy, with control by the activated partial thromboplastin time. Seven of 21 patients receiving intermittent therapy had major bleeding episodes, whereas none of the 20 patients receiving continuous heparin therapy had major bleeding (<i>P</i>=.005). One patient on continuous therapy had a pulmonary embolus, while none on intermittent therapy had recurrent thromboembolism. Two heavily bleeding patients on intermittent therapy were switched to continuous treatment after bleeding was controlled. The use of continuous heparin therapy appears significantly safer with regard to hemorrhagic complications than the use of intermittent therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>236:1365-1367, 1976)
The resting doppler flow profile of left internal mammary/left anterior descending artery may affect the evaluation of flow reserve with adenosine and dobutamine George Athanassopoulos, Nikos Koutsogiannis, Margarita Marinou, G. Karatasakis, D.V.Cokkinos. Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Endotoxin and interleukin-1 related hepatic inflammatory response promotes liver failure after partial hepatectomy*1
Authors: M BOERMEESTER
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Impairment of various functions of the liver and concomitantly increased levels of parameters of liver damage, a clinical entity termed liver failure, is commonly seen after partial hepatectomy. We investigated in a rat model whether damage of the remnant liver was due to local inflammatory responses, and related to endotoxin or interleukin-1 (IL-1). To address this question, the effects of partial hepatectomy on infiltration of immunocompetent cells and expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen of macrophages in the remnant liver was studied using immunohistochemical techniques. Specific intervention with recombinant N-terminal bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI23) to neutralize endotoxin and with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) to block IL-1 activity was used to examine the respective roles of endotoxin and IL-1. After partial hepatectomy, we found an influx of neutrophils, an increased expression of MHC class II antigens, and morphologic changes of Kupffer cells consistent with activation. These inflammatory events coincided with increased serum levels of markers of liver damage (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, ammonia). Both neutralization of endotoxin and blocking of IL-1 activity reduced hepatic inflammation and reduced serum levels of aminotransferases and ammonia. In addition, liver cell proliferation as assessed by staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was significantly enhanced when either endotoxin or IL-1 effects were blocked. Thus, our results suggest that local hepatic inflammatory responses inhibit liver cell proliferation and promote liver failure, presumably by affecting the functional capacity of the remnant liver.
Changes of α1-adrenergic receptors in human liver during intraabdominal sepsis
Authors: T Hwang
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

We studied changes in α1-adrenergic receptors in human liver plasma membranes during intraabdominal sepsis using [3H]prazosin as a radioligand. Human liver tissues were obtained from nonseptic patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery (control group) and from patients with sepsis requiring laparotomy as a therapeutic measure (septic group). Septic patients were further divided into three subgroups on the basis of septic severity scores: mild sepsis (<21), moderate sepsis (22 to 32) and severe sepsis (>33). Plasma membranes were prepared by means of sucrose gradient centrifugation and were purified fivefold on the basis of the enrichment of the activity of the marker enzyme, 5′-nucleotidase. [3H]prazosin-binding studies show that the maximal binding capacity was increased by 49.6% (p <0.01) in mild sepsis, relatively unchanged in moderate sepsis and decreased by 33.4% (p < 0.05) in severe sepsis (in femtomoles per milligram: 193.7 ± 5.7 for control [n = 6], 289.8 ± 23.4 for mild sepsis [n = 4], 192.3 ± 16.3 for moderate sepsis (n = 4), 129.1 ± 18.3 for severe sepsis [n = 5]). We found a significant inverse correlation (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) between changes in the densities of α1-adrenergic receptors and septic severity scores. These data indicate that α1-adrenergic receptors in human liver plasma membranes undergo dynamic changes during the development of sepsis — that is, the receptor number increased in mild sepsis, returned to a normal level in moderate sepsis and finally decreased in severe sepsis. Because α1-adrenergic receptor densities in human liver plasma membranes can be increased or decreased during the progression of septic shock, successful therapeutic interventions that aim to ameliorate glucose dyshomeostasis by way of α1-adrenergic receptor mediation may depend on appropriate timing of when interventions are given. These findings thus may contribute to a better remedy for hepatic glucose dyshomeostasis during sepsis. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;20:638-642).
`Bolus' Injections of Lidocaine
Authors: Elemer K. Zsigmond
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent letter of Dr Miller (1982;248:831) justifiably sounded the alarm about the misleading and dangerous slang in medicine, ie, the intravenous (IV) "bolus" injection. Although the initial saturating dose of many drugs should be given within a short time period to attain efficacy (eg, contrast materials or antiarrhythmics), one is limited to a certain safe speed, since all drugs given IV have to pass through the heart and, therefore, may cause serious side effects—arrhythmias, cardiac depression, and/or death. The letter of Antonelli and Bloch (1982; 248:827) verified sinus standstill after lidocaine hydrochloride administration that was given in a bolus injection of 50 mg/51 kg, or 1 mg/kg, as recommended. However, one dimension, the time of injection was not reported. During the past two decades, I collected a dozen cases of sinus standstill after bolus injections of lidocaine. Several patients required external and internal cardiac massage, and
Video Comment on Ann Langerth et al.
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

See also: Long-term risk for acute pancreatitis, cholangitis, and malignancy more than 15 years after endoscopic sphincterotomy: a population-based studyEndoscopy 2015; 47(12): 1132-1136DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392482
ACTION OF STREPTOCOCCI AND THEIR TOXINS UPON NERVES AND SPINAL CORD.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypoplastic anaemia associated with legionnaires' disease
Authors: V J Hajiroussou, R C Joshi
Journal: BMJ (1980)

serological tests were obtained in 69 of these patients.Of the remaining 31 patients, significant antibody titres to toxoplasma were obtained in five and to cytomegalovirus in two.In 24 patients the cause of the illness was undiagnosed.In our series the level of atypical lymphocy- tosis was critical: all 19 patients with atypical lymphocytes forming over 450°of the total leucocyte count gave a positive result in the Paul-Bunnell-Davidsohn test; and all 27 patients with over 40%0 of atypical lympho- cytes were either positive in the Paul- Bunnell-Davidsohn test or had significant titres of IgM anti-Epstein-Barr virus anti- bodies.Thus it appears that high levels of lymphocytes (over 40',) are diagnostic of infectious mononucleosis, whereas at lower levels of atypical lymphocytes an appreciable number of patients do not have infectious mononucleosis.
Hairy cell leukemia is infrequent in México and has a geographic distribution
Authors: Guillermo J. Ruiz‐Argüelles, Olga G. Cantú‐Rodríguez, David Gómez‐Almaguer, Jorge Cortés‐Franco, Renán A. Góngora‐Biachi, Javier Pizzuto, José Rodríguez‐Carrillo, Fernando Romero‐García, Enrique Torre‐López, M. Guadalupe Apreza‐Molina, Leopolodo Mercado‐Díaz
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

Considering that the prevalence of some hematologic malignancies may have a geographic distribution that could be related with its etiology, a group of 2,387 patients with acute leukemia (1,968 adults and 419 children) was studied along a 5-year period in six different locations within México. Twenty-seven patients (16 males and 11 females) with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) were identified. The adjusted overall porportion of HCL, after excluding data from centers reporting only adults, was 1.12% of all leukemia cases; this figure is lower than that reported in the United States or England. The proportion of adult leukemic patients with HCL was significantly higher in the northern region of the country—where there are more people devoted to farming and agricultural activities—as compared with the central or southeastern regions (3.07 vs. 1.03% vs 0%; P < 0.05); possible explanations for these differences are briefly discussed. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Book Reviews
Authors: L. K. EVERSON
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Book Reviews Get access Progress in Clinical and Biological Research. Volume 248: Advances in Cancer Control—the War on Cancer—15 Years of Progress. Paul F. Engstrum, Lee E. Mortenson, Paul N. Anderson, eds. New York: Liss, 1987, 325 pp. $65.00. LLOYD K. EVERSON LLOYD K. EVERSON Indiana Regional Cancer Center Community Hospitals Indianapolis1500 North Ritter Avenue Indianapolis, IN 46219 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 3, 6 April 1988, Pages 210–211, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.3.210 Published: 06 April 1988
THE YELLOW FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Author's reply
Authors: J. G. Hansen
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>SUMMARY:</h3> Image-based computational fluid dynamics holds a prominent position in the evaluation of intracranial aneurysms, especially as a promising tool to stratify rupture risk. Current computational fluid dynamics findings correlating both high and low wall shear stress with intracranial aneurysm growth and rupture puzzle researchers and clinicians alike. These conflicting findings may stem from inconsistent parameter definitions, small datasets, and intrinsic complexities in intracranial aneurysm growth and rupture. In Part 1 of this 2-part review, we proposed a unifying hypothesis: both high and low wall shear stress drive intracranial aneurysm growth and rupture through mural cell–mediated and inflammatory cell–mediated destructive remodeling pathways, respectively. In the present report, Part 2, we delineate different wall shear stress parameter definitions and survey recent computational fluid dynamics studies, in light of this mechanistic heterogeneity. In the future, we expect that larger datasets, better analyses, and increased understanding of hemodynamic-biologic mechanisms will lead to more accurate predictive models for intracranial aneurysm risk assessment from computational fluid dynamics.
Instructions to Authors
Authors: David Cohen
Journal: Hepatology (2020)

Observations in Hepatology submissions are intended to be outstanding case-based contributions which describe a unique presentation, novel observation, or cutting edge approach to management of a liver disease.The format should not include an abstract.It should include a brief introduction, presentation of the case (or case series), and discussion.The maximum length is 750 words, including the summary and references.There is a maximum of 2 figures or tables, and 5 references.
Global Atmospheric Changes
Authors: Warren T. Piver
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Increasing concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can be directly related to global warming. In terms of human health, because a major cause of increasing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 is the increased combustion of fossil fuels, global warming also may result in increases in air pollutants, acid deposition, and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. To understand better the impacts of global warming phenomena on human health, this review emphasizes the processes that are responsible for the greenhouse effect, air pollution, acid deposition, and increased exposure to UV radiation.
The cost of medical professional liability
Authors: R. A. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The high cost of medical professional liability is a source of growing concern among policymakers, health care consumers, and the medical profession. While the concern is widespread, to date there has been little quantitative evidence on the overall economic impact of the problem. Utilizing data from the American Medical Association's Socioeconomic Monitoring System, the impact of medical professional liability (PL) on the cost of physicians' services has been estimated employing two different methods. Both estimates indicate that the costs of PL are substantial. In particular, the two methods yield estimates of the total cost of PL in 1984 of $13.7 and $12.1 billion, respectively—or approximately 15% of the total expenditures on physicians' services. Furthermore, increased costs associated with PL from 1983 to 1984 alone are estimated under the two methods to have accounted for 63% and 57%, respectively, of the increase in expenditures on physicians' services. These costs include PL insurance premiums, costs of practice changes made in response to increasing PL risk, and costs of incurring claims that are not covered by PL insurance. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2776-2781)
THE USE OF THE GALVANIC CURRENT AS A LAXATIVE.
Authors: JOHN V. SHOEMAKER
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Brillat Savarin well remarks, among the aphorisms with which he prefaces his "Physiologie du Gout," that the discovery of a new dish contributes more to the happiness of mankind than does the discovery of a new star. The physician may add that all such discovery is in vain in the pursuit and sum of human happiness unless good digestion abides with us and constipation keeps aloof. Shakespeare might, if it had been in accordance with the properties, have truly added to his phrase, "now good digestion wait on appetite," another line, "and pleasant defecation follow both." Old, new, excellent dishes of whichever kind, are generally vanity and vexation of spirit if the consummation of all eating be not easy, regular, and attended with a species of satisfaction approaching pleasure. It would seem at first glance as if appetite and good digestion must always imply ease of defecation, and yet, although
Bupropion To Prevent Relapse in People Who Quit Cigarette Smoking
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients18 September 2001Bupropion To Prevent Relapse in People Who Quit Cigarette SmokingSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?The difficult task of quitting cigarette smoking has been made somewhat easier by the use of nicotine replacement therapy and non-nicotine medications, such as bupropion. Even so, 70% to 80% of people who are able to stop smoking begin smoking again within 6 to 12 months. Although bupropion has been shown to be effective for short-term avoidance of smoking, no one knows if prolonged treatment can prevent a smoking relapse.Why did the researchers do this particular study?To find out if smoking relapses can be prevented by ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Sustained-Release Bupropion for Pharmacologic Relapse Prevention after Smoking Cessation. A Randomized, Controlled Trial.” It is in the 18 September 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 135, pages 423-433). The authors are JT Hays, RD Hurt, NA Rigotti, R Niaura, D Gonzales, MJ Durcan, DPL Sachs, TD Wolter, AS Buist, JA Johnston, and JD White.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSustained-Release Bupropion for Pharmacologic Relapse Prevention after Smoking Cessation J. Taylor Hays , Richard D. Hurt , Nancy A. Rigotti , Raymond Niaura , David Gonzales , Michael J. Durcan , David P.L. Sachs , Troy D. Wolter , A. Sonia Buist , J. Andrew Johnston , and Jonathan D. White Metrics Cited byBupropion for attentiondeficit hyperactivity and comorbid disorders 18 September 2001Volume 135, Issue 6Page: I-40KeywordsNicotineNicotine replacement therapySmoking cessationWeight gain ePublished: 18 September 2001 Issue Published: 18 September 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Second-line chemotherapy (CTx) outcomes in advanced biliary cancers (ABC): A retrospective multicenter analysis.
Authors: Laura Williams Goff, Maeve Aine Lowery, Emmet Jordan, Rui Wang, Andrea Grace Bocobo, Joanne F. Chou, Eileen Mary O'Reilly, James J. Harding, Nancy E. Kemeny, Marinela Capanu, Ann C. Griffin, Joseph P. McGuire, Alan P. Venook, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, Robin Kate Kelley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e15636 Background: While gemcitabine in combination with platinum has been well established as first line systemic therapy for ABC, there remains no standard of care regimen in the second line setting. We evaluated current practice and outcomes for second line chemotherapy in patients with ABC across three geographically diverse, large US academic medical centers.Methods: 198 pts who received second line chemotherapy for ABC after 1/1/11 were identified from institutional databases following IRB approval. Records were reviewed for demographic, treatment and response data. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from start of second line chemotherapy and estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Median follow up among survivors was 5 months and median OS for all patients from start of second line therapy was 11 months (mo) (95% CI 8.8-13.1): intrahepatic (61.1%): 13.4 mo (95%CI: 10.7-17.8); extrahepatic (14.1%): 6.8 mo (95%CI: 5-11); and gallbladder (24.8%): 9.4 mo (95%CI: 7.2-12.3). Median duration of second line chemotherapy was 2.2 mo (range 0-32.5). 103 pts (52%) received ≥ 3 lines of chemotherapy. Median OS from start of first line of gemcitabine plus cisplatin or oxaliplatin was 22.4 mo(95% CI 17.9 – 25.5). Conclusions: In highly selected pts with ABC treated at academic medical centers, survival following progression on first line chemotherapy was higher than previously reported, and patients received multiple lines of treatment. This multicenter collaboration provides a contemporary benchmark to inform the hypotheses and design of future clinical trials of second line chemotherapy in ABC. Demographics/treatment. Age at diagnosis, median (range) Male 62 (21-91) Primary tumor location Intrahepatic bile duct 86 (43.4%) Extrahepatic bile duct 121 (61.1%) Gall bladder 28 (14.1%) First-line regimen Gemcitabine-based 49 (24.8%) Cisplatin/oxaliplatin 144 (72.7%) Other 54 (17.3%) Second-line regimen 5FU-based 124 (62.6%) Gemcitabine-based 36 (18.1%) Intrahepatic FUDR 11 (5.5%) Other 27 (13.6%)
Factual Errors in: Medical Licensure
Authors: David Keller, Rebecca Lipner, Catherine Lucey
Journal: JAMA (2011)

cess to the intellectual tools he or she actually uses in daily practice, providing a more accurate measure of how well that physician practices in the real world.Also, I would like the authors to explain their assertion that "open-book examination procedures are most advantageous when the questions focus on factual recall."It seems tautological that if the purpose is to test factual recall, then that purpose is best served by a closed-book examination.It seems that the best way to assess cognitive processing and eliminate factual recall as a factor is to allow test takers full access to their accustomed medical references during the secure examination.
Immediate neurovascular rescue for stroke complicating invasive coronary procedures Nadim Al-Mubarak, Jiri J. Vitek, Sriram S. Iyer, Issam Mousa, George Dangas, New Gishel, Martin B. Leon, Gary S. Roubin. The Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute and the CardioVascular Research Foundation, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)