tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DOMESTIC CORRESPONDENCE.
Authors: None E. H. H.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Davenport, Iowa, December 1, 1883. <h3>Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association.</h3> Your editorial on medical advertising, in which you take kindly pains in expressing your views on the pressing question of private institutions for the treatment of diseases, and the " necessity and propriety of such proper advertising as will make known their existence to the profession and the public," meets with my hearty second, and I believe, as you say, that the time has come when the subject should receive the earnest attention of both State and National medical organizations. There is no doubt that all classes of ailments can be better handled and better results attained under the direct supervision of the doctor in hospitals, than when they are surrounded by so many influences that do not belong to the disease itself or the concomitants of the same. Where patients are taken to health resorts, home,
Summer wanes, but dermatologists caution threat of skin cancer remains
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1987)

"STAY OUT OF THE SUN" was the meaning of a bandage on the tip of his nose, President Ronald Reagan said last month. About to undergo the successful excision of his third basal cell epithelioma in two years, the President personalized the statistics and warnings from the American Cancer Society and the Skin Cancer Foundation that increase in number and grow in urgency just as the problem of skin cancer does. Having sensitive "Celtic"-type skin and enjoying the outdoor life in sunny California for many years, both the President and Nancy Reagan (who had a similar cancer removed not long ago) are typical of those at risk of developing skin cancer, says June K. Robinson, MD, associate professor of dermatology and surgery, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. Robinson recently reiterated cautions against overexposure to ultraviolet light. "It's necessary to keep reminding people to protect themselves, by covering up and/or using
Data Error in Table in: Effects of Citalopram and Interpersonal Psychotherapy on Depression in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Petros Kopterides
Journal: JAMA (2007)

To the Editor: In their Rational Clinical Examination article, Dr Margaretten and colleagues 1 concluded that the synovial fluid white blood cell count and the corresponding percentage of polymorphonuclear cells are the most useful markers in identifying septic arthritis while waiting for the Gram stain and culture test results.Synovial fluid glucose, protein, and lactate dehydrogenase were not found to be helpful.In the past, synovial fluid lactic acid measurement was proposed as a useful test in the rapid differentiation between septic and nonseptic arthritis.For example, in the study by Riordan et al, 2 lactic acid seemed to be more sensitive than Gram stain (especially if antibiotics had been administered before joint aspiration) and could be measured even when the synovial fluid was too thick for a cell count to be performed.In addition, synovial fluid lactic acid can be assessed rapidly in a blood gas analyzer and may be available to clinicians even before the synovial fluid cell count and differential.It would be helpful if the authors' literature search provided data on the value of this easy-toobtain and seemingly useful test.
Efficacy of interferon alfa therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients depends primarily on hepatitis C virus RNA level*1
Authors: G YAMADA
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To clarify the viral factors that may predict the therapeutic effect of interferon (IFN) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, we investigated the quantitative serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA level, genotype, and liver biopsy histological features in 60 patients who were treated with 360 × 106 U of natural IFN-α for 36 to 48 weeks and for more than 12 months after therapy. A branched DNA (bDNA) assay was used to measure HCV RNA levels. All responders, defined as those individuals with normal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels at 48 weeks after therapy, had less than 2 × 106 HCV RNA Eq/ mL before administration of IFN. Of 39 patients with RNA levels (less than 2 × 106 Eq/mL) 23 (59.0%) were responders. The genotype was determined for each patient using type-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. There was a significant difference in rate of response between subtype lb and subtypes 2a and 2b (P < .0002); however, all responders had less than 2 × 106 Eq/mL independent of genotype. In a multivariate analysis, RNA level was the most statistically significant factor affecting response to IFN. Although disease severity, as defined by histological features, was not statistically correlated with nonresponse, patients that responded to IFN tended to have less severe disease.
The Services
Journal: BMJ (1918)

Tna x' Iof 'tt,1 -LMDCLJvIn several instances I have by these means been able to obtain fair specimens of sputum containing bacilli in whicll no physical signs of pulmonary tuberculosis were detect- ;abe, even in-somue in which the " moi'ning sputum " was rxegative, being probably not a fair specimen.-Iam, etc., London, WX., JA. 5th DUTYDN GRP.ANT.THE PULSE PRESSURE TEST BEFORE ^~~~OPERATIONS, SIR,-I am sorry t0 see you give suclh prominence to " the pulse pressure test before operations " in the JOuRNAL for January 5thb,p. 26.Beyond supplying the force that *Oause the blood piessure the heart tahkes little part in the :variations that occur, and the factors concerned in regu- lating the change's in blood pressure are so obscure thaA -observationsdraawn from tbem are little better than guess- vork.So 'many-bogeys have been ised at one time -bti another about the -heart being unable-to staud anaes- *thetics that mucha confusion prevails, and the addition -of this -llacious blood pressure claiml cannot but addl to the confusion.-Iam, etc.,
Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Charles M. Stiernberg
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Just as the operating microscope revolutionized ear surgery in the 1950s, the fiberoptic telescope is causing many otolaryngologists to change the way they think about paranasal sinus disease and the manner in which they will perform surgery in the 1990s. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), which utilizes the fiberoptic telescope, is relatively new in the United States, and data about long-term follow-up of ESS cases are just beginning to appear in the literature. In a series of 100 consecutive cases, all with 2 years of follow-up, Rice<sup>1</sup>noted that 7% needed revision surgery, and in each such case the problem was a narrowed middle meatus. Of the 93 cases that required a single procedure, 83% of the patients became completely asymptomatic, and 10% reported only occasional sinusitis. Although the majority of ESS is performed on adults, Gross et al<sup>2</sup>reported their experience with 54 children diagnosed with recurrent or
The Mouse Uterotrophic Assay: A Reevaluation of Its Validity in Assessing the Estrogenicity of Bisphenol A
Authors: Caroline M. Markey, Cheryl L. Michaelson, Electra C. Veson, Carlos Sonnenschein, Ana M. Soto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The prevalence of synthetic chemicals in our environment that are capable of mimicking the female hormone estrogen is a growing concern. One such chemical, bisphenol A (BPA), has been shown to leach from a variety of resin-based and plastic products, including dental sealants and food and beverage containers, in concentrations that are sufficient to induce cell proliferation in vitro. The response to BPA in vivo has been varied; thus the aims of this study were to investigate a) whether BPA has an estrogenic effect in CD-1 mice, a strain that is useful for developmental studies; and b) whether the uterotrophic assay is a valid means of determining the estrogenicity of BPA by comparing it with other end points measured in the uterus. Immature female CD-1 mice were exposed to BPA in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 mg/kg body weight for 3 days. Results showed that BPA induced a significant increase in the height of luminal epithelial cells within the uterus at concentrations of 5, 75, and 100 mg/kg and that BPA induced lactoferrin at concentrations of 75 and 100 mg/kg. A uterotrophic response (increase in uterine wet weight) was induced by 100 mg/kg BPA only. Further, the proportion of mice showing vaginal opening was greater after exposure to 0.1 and 100 mg/kg BPA, relative to the control animals and those receiving intermediate doses of BPA. These results demonstrate that BPA induces changes in the mouse uterus that differ depending on the exposure dose and the end point measured, and reveal that certain tissue effects show a nonmonotonic relationship with dose. These data also demonstrate that BPA induces estrogenic changes in the uterus of the CD-1 mouse, and highlight the need to reevaluate the validity of the mouse uterotrophic assay as an end point for determining the estrogenicity of suspected environmental estrogens.
Do lower respiratory tract infections in early childhood cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Authors: S O Shaheen, D J Barker, S T Holgate
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The hypothesis that lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in early childhood lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in late adult life has been difficult to test. However, a unique opportunity arose when records were discovered in the counties of Hertfordshire and Derbyshire, England, that contained information about childhood LRTI recorded 60 to 70 years ago. The lung function of some men still living in these counties was examined. In Hertfordshire men, bronchitis or pneumonia in infancy was associated with reduced mean FEV1, adjusted for age and height. In Derbyshire men, pneumonia before 2 yr of age was associated with a large and highly significant reduction in mean FEV1, adjusted for age and height. These findings were independent of smoking and social class. These data support a causal relationship between LRTI in early life and subsequent COPD.
Concentrations of Organochlorines Related to Titers to Epstein-Barr Virus Early Antigen IgG as Risk Factors for Hairy Cell Leukemia
Authors: Marie Nordström, Lennart Hardell, Gunilla Lindström, Håkan Wingfors, Karin Hardell, Annika Linde
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Hairy cei leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B-cell malignancy that, according to modern dassifi- cations., is a subgroup of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs).A rapid increase in incidence of NHL has been reported mi many countries.The reasons for this increase are largely unknown, but exposure to organochlorines has been suggted as a risk factor.Epstein-Barr virus is a human herpesvrus that has'been associated with certain subgroups of NHL In this study, we measured lipid adjusted blood concentrations (in nanogr per gmm) of 36 congeners of polychlorinated b:iphenyls (PCBs), p,p'.-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(p,p'-DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and four subgroups of chlorines (trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor, MC6, and oxychlor- dane) in incident cases of HCL and controls from the general population.We obtained results on organochiorines and antibodies for 54 cases and 54 controls.Titers of antibodies to the Epstein- Barr early antigen and Epstein-Barr nlear antigen, measured as P107, were correlated to concentrations of organochlorines to evauate the possibility of an interaction between these factors in the pathogenes of HCL.We found no sficant difference in lipid-adjusted blood concen- trations oftotal PCBs, pAp-DDE, HCB, or the sum ofthee chlordanes between cases and controls.Titers of antibodies to Epstei-Barr early antigen IgG . 40were correlated to an increased risk for HCL.This risk was farther increased in those with.a level above the median value of p,p'-DDE, HCB, or the sum of the chlordanessgs t a-nS interaction between Epstein-Barr virus and a higher cooncentration of these chemicals.We also found increased risk for the sum of
Protein prenyltransferases
Authors: Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Stefan Washietl, Frank Eisenhaber
Journal: Genome biology (2003)

Three different protein prenyltransferases (farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferases I and II) catalyze the attachment of prenyl lipid anchors 15 or 20 carbons long to the carboxyl termini of a variety of eukaryotic proteins. Farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase I both recognize a 'Ca1a2X' motif on their protein substrates; geranylgeranyltransferase II recognizes a different, non-CaaX motif. Each enzyme has two subunits. The genes encoding CaaX protein prenyltransferases are considerably longer than those encoding non-CaaX subunits, as a result of longer introns. Alternative splice forms are predicted to occur, but the extent to which each splice form is translated and the functions of the different resulting isoforms remain to be established. Farnesyltransferase-inhibitor drugs have been developed as anti-cancer agents and may also be able to treat several other diseases. The effects of these inhibitors are complicated, however, by the overlapping substrate specificities of geranylgeranyltransferase I and farnesyltransferase.
Randomized trial of a hospice video decision aid for patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers.
Authors: Areej El-Jawahri, Olivia Vanbenschoten, Sunil Mahesh Bhatt, Alyssa L. Fenech, Netana Markovitz, Lara Traeger, Joseph Greer, Angelo E. Volandes, Jennifer S. Temel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

42 Background: Although hospice provides high-quality end-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer, the service remains underutilized in part due to lack of adequate information provided to patients and families about hospice care. Methods: We conducted a single-site randomized clinical trial of a hospice video decision aid versus a verbal description in 150 hospitalized patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. Patients without an available caregiver were eligible to participate. Intervention participants (75 patients; 18 caregivers) received a verbal description about hospice plus a six-minute video depicting hospice care. Control participants (75 patients; 26 caregivers) received only the verbal description. The primary endpoint was patient preference for hospice care immediately after the intervention, adjusting for baseline preferences. Secondary outcomes included patient and caregiver knowledge and perceptions of hospice, and hospice utilization. Results: Between 2/2017 and 1/2019, we enrolled 55.7% (150/269) of potentially eligible patients and 44 caregivers. Post-intervention, patients assigned to the video group were more likely to prefer hospice care (86.7% vs. 82.7%, OR = 2.85, P = 0.08), but this was not statistically significant. Patients in the video group reported greater knowledge about hospice (B = 0.50, P = 0.024) and were less likely to endorse that hospice care is only about death (6.7% vs. 21.6%, OR = 0.28, P = 0.035). Among patients who died (n = 116), those assigned to the intervention were more likely to utilize hospice (85.2% vs. 63.6%, P = 0.01) and had a longer hospice length-of-stay (LOS) (median 12 vs. 3 days, P &lt; 0.001). Post-intervention, caregivers assigned to the video were more likely to prefer hospice care for their loved ones (94.4% vs. 65.4%, P = 0.031), reported greater knowledge about hospice (B = 1.94, P &lt; 0.001), and were less likely to endorse that hospice care is only about death (0.0% vs. 23.1%, P = 0.066). Conclusions: Patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers who viewed a hospice video decision aid were more informed about hospice, reported more favorable perceptions of hospice, and were more likely to utilize hospice and have a longer hospice LOS. Clinical trial information: NCT03040102.
THE OCCURRENCE OF LEAD IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HYPNOTISM AND CRIME.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Distribution of adenine arabinoside and interferon
Authors: R. J. Whitley
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent issue ofThe Journal, Preblud et al (239:2551, 1978) commented on antiviral therapy for varicella in an immunocompromised host. In that letter to the editor, reference was made to the availability of adenine arabinoside and interferon for treatment of varicella and disseminated herpes zoster. The availability of these compounds warrants clarification. Adenine arabinoside and interferon are currently being investigated in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to determine the potential usefulness of these compounds for treatment of chickenpox. Although both adenine arabinoside and interferon have been shown to alter the progression of natural events for herpes zoster,<sup>1-3</sup>there are no published efficacy data for either compound employed as treatment of chickenpox. Both compounds are being studied for treatment of varicella through controlled investigations at various institutions around the country. In addition, a double-blind prophylaxis study of interferon is being conducted for patients who are unable to
Influenza A(H1N1)v virus infections in Belgium, May-June 2009
Authors: Collective Belgian working group on influenza A(H1N1)v
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

In response to the ongoing influenza A(H1N1)v pandemic, first detected in North America in April 2009, Belgium has set up an active surveillance system for influenza-like illness among travellers returning from affected areas. This communication describes the clinical and epidemiological features of the first 43 laboratory-confirmed cases in Belgium.
Orf Virus Infection in Humans—New York, Illinois, California, and Tennessee, 2004-2005
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Orf virus is a zoonotic parapoxvirus endemic to most countries in the world and is principally associated with small ruminants (e.g., sheep and goats). Human orf infections appear as ulcerative skin lesions after contact with an infected animal or contaminated fomite. This report summarizes the epidemiologic and laboratory investigations of four sporadic cases of human orf infection, emphasizing the temporal association between human lesions and skin trauma or recent flock vaccination with live orf vaccine. This zoonotic infection shares clinical manifestations and exposure risks with other, potentially life-threatening zoonoses (e.g., cutaneous anthrax) and is likely under-recognized because of a lack of clinical suspicion and widely available diagnostics. Barrier precautions and proper hand hygiene are recommended for the prevention of orf virus infection in humans.
Levodopa
Authors: Robert J. Mones
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This letter is in response to the letter of Drs. Sacks, Messeloff, and Schwartz in the Sept 28,1970 issue ofThe Journal. The letter of Dr. Sacks was related to severely disabled patients with Parkinson's disease and their response to levodopa. Many general conclusions were made, although, their information seems to be taken mainly from severely disabled patients with Parkinson's disease. My first point is that the difficulties described in this group are not typical of patients of all ages with Parkinson's disease. Patients with mild or moderate Parkinson's disease, no matter what age, had better results than the patients who are severely disabled or have end-stage Parkinson's disease (Mones et al:<i>New York J Med</i>,<b>70</b>:2309,1970). Complications such as induced dyskinesias, nausea, vomiting, and psychiatric changes are all controlled by reducing the dosage of the drug. Hypotension is a less common problem but potentially dangerous
Junior Hospital Staff Contract
Authors: A. R. Hearn, F. J. Stratton, S. Manolagas, G. K. Duckett, N. H. Townell, M. Cubie, P. Barber, M. C. Gabbott, E. Banna, R. D. H. Monie, J. M. Hindle, G. B. Maclennan, K. G. Edwards, M. Lobjoit, S. Mellor, A. M. Ferguson, P. Chin, S. D. Singh, R. K. E. Docton
Journal: BMJ (1975)
Unusual radiological manifestations of acquired pulmonary cysts in children
Authors: L. S. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1982)

SEVERAL entities can lead to localized pulmonary lucencies appearing on pediatric chest roentgenograms. Most are acquired abnormalities, since congenital lung cysts are rare, even in the pediatric age group. Inflammatory processes are the principal cause of acquired pulmonary cysts, with trauma being less common. Pneumatocele, lung abscess, and cavitating pneumonia fall into the category of acquired lesions. At times, the radiological appearance of these abnormalities can be prominent and even dramatic. <h3>Lung Abscess</h3> Abscesses characteristically occur during the course of bacterial infections.<i>Klebsiella</i>and staphylococcal pneumonia predominate but<i>Escherichia coli</i>and group B<i>Streptococcus</i>may be the offending organisms in neonates.<sup>1</sup>Pulmonary abscess may also develop in<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>pneumonia, tuberculosis, and aspiration pneumonitis when bacteria are involved. An abscess typically evolves slowly while the patient is extremely ill. The cavity appears to have ill-defined borders and thick walls because of surrounding infiltrate. Several points of bronchial communication are