tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A BRIEF REVIEW.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal Hypertension
Authors: Harriet P. Dustan, Irvine H. Page, Eugene F. Poutasse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

UNDERSTANDING of disease develops through episodes of investigation: a clinical syndrome is recognized, interest is lively, overenthusiasm prevails, disillusionment sets in as the complexity of the problem becomes apparent, a fallow period ensues, and then, with the development of new methods, interest is reawakened and another episode of investigation begins. The problem of renal hypertension is no exception to this general rule. Over a hundred years ago, Bright associated renal disease with cardiac hypertrophy and fullness of the pulse; today, several types of renal hypertension are recognized, and much emphasis is given to the surgically correctible forms. But unbridled enthusiasm . . .
Critical incidents in the shaping of medical education in the U. S
Authors: W. F. Norwood
Journal: JAMA (1965)

There can be no doubt that the organization and presentation of a curriculum in medicine at the College of Philadelphia in 1765, the first medical school in the English-speaking New World, was a momentous event in medical education. In support of their decision to institute a medical school, the College trustees invited Dr. John Morgan, chief promoter of the school, to give the commencement address in May, 1765. After completing an apprenticeship in Philadelphia, John Morgan had earned the MD degree at the University of Edinburgh and subsequently received professional honors while visiting London and the Continent. He had been home only a few weeks when the college trustees, influenced by persuasive letters of recommendation from abroad, elected him the professor of theory and practice of medicine and offered him the commencement platform. His address, the primer of American medical education, contained sound guide lines for the development of medicine
New Reporting Requirements for Device User Facilities
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Roentgenographic evaluation of umbilical artery and vein catheters
Authors: S. Paster
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE INCREASED use of umbilical artery and vein catheters in the newborn nursery by neonatologists and pediatricians has assumed an even greater importance since the introduction of umbilical-vein exchange transfusion by Diamond<sup>1</sup>and the measurement of blood gases by James.<sup>2</sup>Use of this method has now been extended to include the infusion of various solutions and drugs through the catheter, as well as measurement of various blood chemistry levels. The radiologist plays a key role in evaluating the exact location of the catheter and its tip.<sup>3-6</sup>He must be aware of the normal and abnormal locations as well as the inherent complications associated with an abnormal location. <h3>Normal Umbilical Circulation</h3> Material and methods for catheter insertion have been described by previous authors and are beyond the scope of this article.<sup>7</sup>The knowledge of placement and the location of the catheter is based on an understanding of
Abstract 2899: Ultrasound Exposed Microbubbles Cause Local Hyperpolarization of the Cell Membrane.
Authors: Lynda J Juffermans, Otto Kamp, Cees Visser, Rene J Musters
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background Ultrasound (US) and microbubbles have gained wide interest as a tool for local delivery of drugs and genes. However, the exact mechanisms underlying increased cellular uptake of drugs and genes are still not clear. Recently, we showed an increase in cell membrane permeability for Ca 2+ in rat cardiomyoblast (H9c2) cells exposed to US and microbubbles. In this study, we hypothesized that the Ca 2+ influx will have an effect on the membrane potential, and investigated whether Ca 2+ dependent potassium channels (BK Ca ) are involved. We particularly focused on local events where the microbubble was in contact with the cell membrane. Material and Methods H9c2 cells were cultured on US transparent membranes. US exposure consisted of bursts of 1 MHz with a peak negative pressure of 50 or 250 kPa. Pulse repetition frequency was 20 Hz, duty cycle 0.2%. Cells were exposed during 30s in the presence of Sonovue microbubbles. The membrane potential was monitored during US exposure using the fluorescent dye di-4-ANEPPS. The experiments were repeated in the presence of iberiotoxin (100 nM), a specific inhibitor of BK Ca channels. Results Surprisingly, despite the previously reported Ca 2+ influx, we found patches of hyperpolarization of the cell membrane, as reflected by local increases in di-4-ANEPPS mean fluorescent intensity (MIF), shown in table I as percentage of control (%MIF/control). This hyperpolarization was caused by the activation of BK Ca channels, as iberiotoxin completely prevented hyperpolarization. Conclusion US and microbubbles elicit a Ca 2+ influx, which leads to activation of BK Ca channels and a subsequent, local hyperpolarization of the cell membrane. This local hyperpolarization of the cell membrane may facilitate uptake of macromolecules through endocytosis and macropinocytosis. Table I
Re: R. Jeffrey Karnes, Voleak Choeurng, Ashley E. Ross, et al. Validation of a Genomic Risk Classifier to Predict Prostate Cancer-specific Mortality in Men with Adverse Pathologic Features. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.036
Authors: Erfan Ayubi, Saeid Safiri
Journal: European Urology (2017)
Incorrect Figure Labels in: Association of LDL Cholesterol, Non–HDL Cholesterol, and Apolipoprotein B Levels With Risk of Cardiovascular Events Among Patients Treated With Statins: A Meta-analysis
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Association of LDL Cholesterol, Non–HDL Cholesterol, and Apolipoprotein B Levels With Risk of Cardiovascular Events Among Patients Treated With Statins
Treating mild hypertension. Report of the British Hypertension Society working party.
Authors: Richard Frackowiak
Journal: BMJ (1989)

demands multidisciplinary teams with considerable skills to carry out and, above all, interpret the tomograms.Nevertheless, experience from over 50 centres in the world has shown that this essentially non-invasive technique can provide unique quantitative functional information and that it is an important addition to our understanding of the pathogenesis and evolution of human disease.
Authors' response
Authors: N. Sigurs, F. Aljassim, B. Kjellman, P. D. Robinson, F. Sigurbergsson, R. Bjarnason, P. M. Gustafsson
Journal: Thorax (2010)

RSV bronchiolitis was therefore 3.5e4.1-foldcompared with the population.Lung function by forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ), ratio of FEV 1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid forced expiratory flow (FEF 25e75 ) was reduced in the former patients with RSV bronchiolitis with and without current asthma but not in asthmatic controls. 1The differences were significant in both pre-and post-bronchodilator measurements, suggesting the permanence of the changes.Instead, no evidence was found for permanent small airway dysfunction by lung clearance calculation. 1 In our study, 100 infants aged <24 months were hospitalised with bronchiolitis in 1992e3.Eighty-one attended the control visit at age 12 years; asthma was present in 20% of former patients with RSV and in 52% of former non-RSV patients (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.82), and in 58% of former patients with rhinovirus and in 34% of former nonrhinovirus patients (OR 2.6, 95% CI 0.89 to 7.94). 3RSV bronchiolitis was associated with a restrictive pattern of lung function documented by reduced FVC. 4 A post-questionnaire study including population-based controls was performed in 2008 when the study subjects were 17e18 years of age (unpublished).Sixtyseven former patients with bronchiolitis and 155 controls attended, and current asthma was present in 30% and 5%, respectively (OR 7.9, 95% CI 3.3 to 19.3).Asthma was present in 25% of the former patients with RSV and in 26% of the former patients with rhinovirus.As in the study of Sigurs et al, 1 asthma was common after early life bronchiolitis but a viral aetiology of bronchiolitis no longer had a predictive value.Sigurs et al enrolled only RSV-positive patients with bronchiolitis aged <12 months treated in hospital, and >90% of the cases were aged #6 months. 1 In the Tucson birth cohort study from which our current concept about childhood wheezing phenotypes originates, patients with bronchiolitis were aged <24 months with parent-reported wheezing treated usually at home. 5 In the Finnish post-bronchiolitis studies highlighting the role of rhinovirus aetiology, RSV predominated in infants aged <6 months ('European bronchiolitis') and rhinovirus in those aged 6e24 months ('American bronchiolitis'). 3 4 In future studies of bronchiolitis, stratified analyses by age and viral findings are mandatory.
Determination of β‐globin gene cluster haplotypes and prevalence of α‐thalassemia in sickle cell anemia patients in Venezuela
Authors: A. Arends, M. Alvarez, D. Velázquez, M. Bravo, R. Salazar, J.M. Guevara, O. Castillo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Sickle cell anemia and α-thalassemia have a heterogeneous distribution in Venezuela with a high frequency in the coastal area (sea level) and few cases in the mountains. Most of our population is an ethnic admixture of Europeans (Spaniards colonists), Africans (slaves), and Amerindians. The purpose of our study was to determine the origin of the βs globin haplotype, age and survival dependency, and the admixture among the different African groups in our population. The α3.7 globin gene deletion status was also studied and found in a very high frequency. DNA from peripheral blood of 191 non-related patients (81 with HbS homozygous and 15 patients compound heterozygous for HbS, HbC, HbD with β-thalassemia, and 95 with sickle cell trait) were studied. The βs chromosome was linked 51% to the Benin Haplotype, 29.5% with the CAR, 12.5% to the Senegal, and 2.5% to the Cameroon. We did not find any significant difference between the haplotype distribution among adults and children and among sickle cell patients and traits. Only 8.6% of the patients have homozygosity for the Benin haplotype. These results show a very high frequency of admixture in our African origin population. Am. J. Hematol. 64:87–90, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Patients with autoimmune hepatitis and liver cirrhosis have disease activity despite normal transaminases
Authors: Alena Laschtowitz, Kalliopi Zachou, Vasiliki Lygoura, Simon Pape, Finn Derben, Munira Altarrah, Sören Alexander Weidemann, Sergio Oller-Moreno, Joost Ph Drenth, George Dalekos, Michael Heneghan, Richard Taubert, Ansgar W. Lohse, Christoph Schramm
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Health
Authors: George E. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blind Intestinal Loops in Dogs
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Labels for Numbers at Risk
Authors: Robert Truog, Glenn Cohen, Mark Rockoff
Journal: JAMA (2014)

the report 1 should be read as completely prohibiting the use of lethal injection as a method of execution in the United States.The message of our Viewpoint was that there is solid and irrefutable consensus on this issue.The Code of Ethics of the American Medical Association and similar codes endorsed by the professional societies of nurses, emergency medical technicians, and health care workers at correctional facilities all unequivocally prohibit the participation of their members in executions, and to our knowledge, no code of ethics of any health care organization in the world condones this involvement.White, perhaps unintentionally, seems to call this consensus into question by pointing out that individual health care practitioners may hold different views, but this is irrelevant to the question of whether there is sufficient consensus within the profession as a whole.In every profession there are practitioners who may disagree with the ethical standards of the profession.There are myriad lawyers who would disagree with many rules established by state bar associations relating to legal ethics.Individual members of any profession are free to use their disagreement to help convince their governing bodies to change their policy.To our knowledge, no such efforts to amend the American Medical Association's Code of Ethics have ever been attempted, much less succeeded.As such, individual disagreements do nothing to call the professional consensus into question.We believe that The Constitution Project's recommendation is a de facto call for the prohibition of lethal injection as a method of capital punishment in the United States, and we encourage the authors to amend the report 1 accordingly.
Consensus report: mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of car exhausts and coal combustion emissions
Authors: Bo Holmbergt, Uif Ahlborg, A Bjorseth, L Friberg, B Holmberg, J Lewtas, R Mcclellan, N Nelson, J Rantanen, R Albert, M Hogan, T Sugimura, R Bradow, G Fisher, A Lindskog, T Nielsen, B Finlayson-Pitts, J Pitts, D Schuetzle, U Stenberg, F Speizer, V Vouk, B Velimir
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)
Study design
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>SUMMARY:</h3> Ectopic cerebellar tissue is a rare entity likely secondary to multiple, interacting, developmental errors during embryogenesis. Multiple sites of ectopic cerebellar tissue have been reported, including extracranial locations; however, an intracranial location is most common. We report on the MR imaging findings of a multi-institutional series of 7 ectopic cerebellar tissue cases (2 males, 4 females, 1 fetal) ranging from 22 weeks 5 days9 gestational age to 18 years of age. All cases of ectopic cerebellar tissue were diagnosed incidentally, while imaging was performed for other causes. Ectopic cerebellar tissue was infratentorial in 6/7 patients and supratentorial in 1/7 patients. All infratentorial ectopic cerebellar tissue was connected with the brain stem or cerebellum. MR imaging signal intensity was identical to the cerebellar gray and white matter signal intensity on all MR imaging sequences in all cases. Ectopic cerebellar tissue should be considered in the differential diagnoses of extra-axial masses with signal characteristics similar to those of the cerebellum. Surgical biopsy or resection is rarely necessary, and in most cases, MR imaging is diagnostic.
Birth Weight and Sex of Children and the Correlation to the Body Burden of PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs of the Mother
Authors: Terttu Vartiainen, Jouni J. K. Jaakkola, Seppo Saarikoski, Jouko Tuomisto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed in 167 random human milk samples from urban and rural areas in Finland. Dietary habits and background information on each mother and child were gathered by questionnaire. Body mass indexes (BMI) before pregnancy and delivery in the rural area were 5-10% higher than in the urban area, but fat content of mother's milk was about 10% higher in the urban area. The mean weights of children (+/- standard deviation) were similar in the rural and urban areas among primiparae, 3,500 +/- 597 g and 3,505 +/- 454 g, respectively, although dioxin international toxic equivalents (I-TEQs) were significantly higher in the urban area. The mother's level of education did not affect the weight of the child, but concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs (I-TEQ, 2,3,4,7,8-Cl5 dibenzofuran,1,2, 3,7,8-Cl5 dibenzodioxin) and PCBs [sum of PCBs (sumPCB), PCB-TEQ, and most PCB congeners] increased with advanced education. This is considered to be due to differences in the mother's consumption of fish. The birth weight, especially of boys, slightly decreased with increasing concentrations of I-TEQ, 2,3,4,7,8-Cl5 dibenzofuran, 1,2,3, 7,8-Cl5 dibenzodioxin, and 2,3,7,8-Cl4 dibenzodioxin; however, when the analysis was restricted to primiparae, there was no statistically significant correlation between birth weight and the concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs. No correlation was found between the weight of the child and PCBs, PCB-TEQs, or individual PCB congeners in the whole material or among primiparae, or among boys or girls. The concentrations of PCDDs/PCDFs and PCBs inhuman milk were modeled for primiparae by weighing fish consumption, age of mother, milk fat content, and BMI before pregnancy. The linear regression resulted in values of R = 0.67 and 0.30 for the modeled dioxin I-TEQs in the urban and rural areas, respectively, and the corresponding values for sumPCBs of R = 0.60 and 0.11. The increase of PCDD/PCDF body burden was calculated to be on average 0.58 pg I-TEQ/g milk fat/year in the urban area and 0.39 pg I-TEQ/g milk fat/year in the rural area.
Effect of anti-ulcer drugs on DNA synthesis in adult normal human hepatocytes in culture
Authors: Pierre Blanc, Jacques Liautard, Jölle Greuet, Jean Pierre Daures, Jean-Michel Fabre, Dominique Larrey, Henri Michel, Patrick Maurel
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of four H2 receptor antagonists, cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine, and of two proton pump inhibitors, omeprazole and lansoprazole, on the mitotic response of human hepatocytes in primary culture. After plating at subconfluent density, cells were exposed to 0.2 to 20 μmol/L of these drugs for 48 hours, either in the absence or in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF). The rate of DNA synthesis was evaluated by [3H]-thymidine incorporation into genomic DNA. Both the basal rate of DNA synthesis and the extent of stimulation by EGF exhibited a wide interindividual variability, and were not correlated with the viability of freshly prepared cells. In contrast, the effects of anti-ulcer drugs on the rate of DNA synthesis were clearly reproducible from one culture to another. H2 receptor antagonists had no significant effect (P > .3) over the entire range of concentration tested, whereas omeprazole and lansoprazole significantly inhibited the rate of DNA synthesis by 60% to 90% at 20 μmol/L (P = .016). This effect was concentration dependent between 2 and 20 μmol/L. Neither of the drugs tested was cytotoxic under the conditions used in this work, as assessed by measurements of the de novo protein synthesis. We conclude that, in contrast to H2 receptor antagonists, omeprazole and lansoprazole are able to interfere with the replicative synthesis of DNA in human hepatocytes in culture, at suprapharmacological concentrations. Whether or not this effect is clinically significant remains to be established. (Hepatology 1995; 22:814–819.)