tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intravenous cocaine and HIV infection
Authors: J. F. French
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The article by Chaisson et al<sup>1</sup>suggests that intravenous (IV) cocaine use is associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. However, their data analysis contains methodological flaws and their conclusions make unjustified population generalizations. The multivariate model depicted in Table 1 of the article by Chaisson et al contains two interaction variables, "daily cocaine use, blacks and Hispanics," and "injection &gt;3 times daily, blacks, before methadone treatment," yet includes only one of the four corresponding main effects (black race). The etiologic and mathematical interpretation of nonhierarchical models becomes complex.<sup>2,3</sup>In the presence of a significant interaction, the meaning of the main terms is affected by how they are coded; hence, it is unwise to drop them from the model solely on the basis of tests of statistical significance. Hypotheses based on models that include significant interactions without their corresponding main effects are viewed by some
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. A promising technique
Authors: A. E. James
Journal: JAMA (1982)

NUCLEAR magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging is a technique by which the quantitative analysis of a biological structure or tissue sample may be determined. The various approaches to be discussed in this article all depend on the fact that certain atomic nuclei behave as small magnets. When these nuclei are placed in static magnetic fields, some will align themselves in the direction of the field. In this configuration they will rotate about the field direction (precess) at a frequency that is dependent on the strength of the applied magnetic field (Bo). If in this circumstance these aligned and precessing nuclei are exposed to an alternating magnetic field (radio frequency [RF]) of the same frequency, some of these nuclei will be forced from their equilibrium state to a higher energy level. When the interrogating RF is removed, the excited nuclei will emit the added energy and return to their former state. The
Atlas of Legal Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analysis of Physical Forces Applied to a Corneal Contact Lens
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In This Issue
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

β-Adrenergic Signaling and CPC Function (p 476)β-Adrenergic stimulation of cardiac progenitor cells is a double-edged sword, say Khan et al.During heart failure, β-adrenergic stimulation of the heart is increased to aid in contraction, providing temporary relief to weakened heart muscles.In the long-term however, this stimulation causes cardiac myocytes to die.To prevent this damage β-adrenergic blockers are often used to treat heart failure patients.When cardiac myocytes die, they are replaced, albeit slowly, by cardiac progenitor cells.However, it is unclear how exactly these progenitors are affected by β-blockers, or indeed, by β-adrenergic stimulation.Now, Khan et al report that β-adrenergic stimulation induces mouse cardiac progenitor cells to proliferate.But, just like adult cardiac myocytes, the progenitor cells underwent apoptosis as soon as they were induced to differentiate.The investigators found that progenitor cells expressed only one type of β-adrenergic receptor, β1-AR, but upon differentiation, they started to express a second, β2-AR-also found in mature cardiac myocytes.And because these 2 receptors convey separate effects, the authors suggest that a bipartite approach, involving β1-AR activation and β2-AR blockade, could be more effective in treating heart failure.
Critical Effective Methods to Detect Genotoxic Carcinogens and Neoplasm-Promoting Agents
Authors: John H. Weisburger, Gary M. Williams
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Neoplasia in fish can result from contamination of waters with carcinogens and promotes Cancer in fish, therefore, is a possible indicator of cancer risk to man and serves as a guide to the need for preventative approaches involving im- proved means of waste disposal and environmental hygiene.Moreover, cancer in fish indicates that this important food source may be contaminated.Detection ofgenotoxic carcinogens to which fish are exposed can be achieved quickly and efficiently by carefully selected batteries ofcomplementary in uit, and in vowi bioassays.One such battery consists of the Ames test, a reverse mutation assay in prokaryotic Sabnonelatyphimurium, and the WViliams test, involving DNA repair in freshly explanted metabolically highly competent liver cells from diverse species, including humans.Determination of DNA-carcinogen adducts by varied techniques, including 32p_ posIabein&g as well as DNA breakage, mammalian cell mutagenicity, chromosome aberrtions, sister chromatid eahn or cell trazLomation represent additonal approaches, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.More research is needed on systems to apprehend neoplasm promoters, but tests to detemine interruption of intercellular communications through ppjunctions appear promisng.Other approaches rely onmasurement ofenzymes such as ornithine decarbylaseand proten kinase C Approaches to the defini- tion of risk to fish or humans require characterization ofthe genotooic or nongenotoxic properties ofa chemical, relative potency data obtained in select, limited rodent bioassays, and knowledge of prevaiing environmental concentrations of specific carcinogens.
Butterfly Glioma
Authors: Juveria Siddiqui, Anant S Krishnan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2018)

An 83-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with weakness, slurred speech, and urinary incontinence. MRI showed a symmetric, bifrontal lesion that extended across the corpus callosum and resembled a butterfly. A biopsy was performed and glioblastoma was diagnosed.
Coronary Unit
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Film Reviews
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Overall survival analysis from a randomized phase II study of axitinib with or without dose titration for first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Brian I. Rini, Yoshihiko Tomita, Bohuslav Melichar, Takeshi Ueda, Viktor Grünwald, Mayer N. Fishman, Hirotsugu Uemura, Mototsugu Oya, A H. Bair, Glen Andrews, Dmitri Pavlov, Eric Jonasch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

4545 Background: In a randomized phase II trial in treatment-naïve patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), objective response rate (ORR) was significantly higher with axitinib versus placebo titration; the hazard ratio (HR) for progression-free survival (PFS) favored axitinib titration but was not statistically significant. Analysis of overall survival (OS; as of Nov 4, 2014) is reported. Methods: Previously untreated patients with mRCC (N = 213) received axitinib 5 mg twice daily (BID) for a 4-week lead-in period. Patients with 2 consecutive weeks of blood pressure ≤ 150/90 mmHg, no grade > 2 axitinib-related toxicities, no dose reductions, and ≤ 2 antihypertensive medications were randomized (double-blind) to axitinib 5 mg BID + dose titration to a maximum of 10 mg BID with axitinib or placebo (n = 56 each). Those ineligible for randomization continued the axitinib 5 mg BID dose (n = 91); 10 patients discontinued prior to randomization. Primary endpoint was ORR; PFS and OS were secondary endpoints. Results: As of the data cut-off date, 90 of 213 patients (42%) were censored for survival (45% in the axitinib titration arm vs 30% in the placebo titration arm; 46% in the nonrandomized arm); at least 75 censored patients were alive. Median OS (95% confidence interval [CI]) from first dose was 42.7 months (24.7–not estimable [NE]) in the axitinib titration arm versus 30.4 months (23.7–45.0) in the placebo titration arm (HR 0.785; 95% CI 0.485–1.272; P= 0.1616). Median OS (95% CI) in the nonrandomized arm was 41.6 months (33.0–NE). In all patients, median OS (95% CI) was 39.3 months (32.7–45.8). Safety data were consistent with previous reports. Following treatment periods > 3.5 years, 9 (16%), 1 (2%), and 10 (11%) patients remain on treatment in axitinib titration, placebo titration, and nonrandomized arms, respectively. Conclusions: Median OS exceeded 3 years in patients with mRCC treated with first-line axitinib. Median OS was numerically longer in patients receiving axitinib titration compared with placebo titration but did not reach statistical significance. A substantial percentage of patients remain on axitinib, and no new important safety signals were observed. Clinical trial information: NCT00835978.
Surgeons say cutting out some TB and MOTT may be the answer in multidrug-resistant infections
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

MANY WOMEN with mycobacterial lung infection may be spared years of debilitating illness if physicians treating them can be persuaded to share their care with surgeons, according to a presentation at the American College of Surgeons annual meeting, held in New Orleans, La. <h3>Aggressive Approach</h3> More aggressive treatment of patients with multidrug-resistant infections must be considered now that<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>and the related organisms known as atypical tuberculosis or MOTT (mycobacterium other than tuberculosis) are resurgent, says Marvin Pomerantz, MD, chief of the General Thoracic Surgical Service and professor of surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver. Among the organisms that cause MOTT are<i>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</i>complex,<i>M kansasii, M xenopi, M chelonei</i>, and<i>M malmoense</i>. One form of MOTT disease—isolated infection of the middle lobe and lingula— has been seen so far only in women, says the surgeon, although he says it may someday show up in men
Consequences of Selling a Kidney in India
Authors: Jack Zusman
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase II study of intravenous (IV) and intraperitoneal (IP) paclitaxel, IP cisplatin, and IV bevacizumab as first-line chemotherapy for optimal stage II or III ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube cancer
Authors: J. A. Konner, D. Grabon, S. Pezzulli, A. Iasonos, P. Sabbatini, M. Hensley, K. Bell-McGuinn, W. Tew, D. Spriggs, C. Aghajanian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5539 Background: IP cisplatin (Cis) plus IV/IP paclitaxel (Tax) is a standard therapy for optimally debulked ovarian cancer. Bevacizumab (Bev) is a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against vascular endothelial growth factor. Activity of Bev in recurrent ovarian cancer has been reported in phase II trials. In this study IP Cis and IV/IP Tax are combined with IV Bev as front-line therapy. Methods: Patients with optimal (&lt;1 cm residual), FIGO stage II or III, epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer, acceptable organ function, and KPS ≥ 70% are eligible. Patients receive 6 cycles of chemotherapy plus Bev: Tax 135 mg/m 2 IV over 3 hours on Day 1, Cis 75 mg/m 2 IP on Day 2, Tax 60 mg/m 2 IP on Day 8, Bev 15 mg/kg IV on Day 1 (starting cycle 2). Bev is continued every 3 weeks for 17 treatments after chemotherapy is complete. This study will enroll 41 patients. The primary endpoint is safety and tolerability, determined by whether at least 60% of patients complete the prescribed 6 cycles of cytotoxic chemotherapy without unacceptable toxicity. Results: Thirty-nine women [median age 56 (40–69)] have been treated on study: 26 (67%) completed 6 IV/IP cycles; 5 (13%) are receiving ongoing IV/IP treatment; 4 (10%) experienced IP port malfunction (3 finished 5 IV/IP cycles, 1 came off study for port revision); 3 (8%) switched from IP Cis to IV carboplatin due to grade 3 nephrotoxicity in cycle 1 (n = 2) or grade 3 hypertension in cycle 6 (n = 1); and 1 (2.5%) patient died following rectosigmoid anastomotic dehiscence during cycle 4. Grade 3/4 treatment-related toxicities include hypertension (10%), vasovagal events (10%), neutropenia (26%), nausea/vomiting (10%), and hypomagnesemia (8%). There were 3 occurrences of grade 3 abdominal pain (8%); and 3 adhesion-related grade 3 small bowel obstructions (8%), during cycles 3, 9, and 15, respectively. Conclusions: The addition of Bev to this IV/IP regimen appears to be feasible. Bev may increase the risk of small bowel obstruction/perforation in these patients. Enrollment continues and updated results will be presented. [Table: see text]
LIQUOR SELLING BY DRUGGISTS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
'Ticking clocks' and changing mores
Authors: C. A. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1987)

IN A RECENT BEST-SELLER,<i>The Handmaid's Tale</i>(Atwood M, New York, Simon &amp; Schuster Inc Publishers, 1986), surrogate motherhood was taken to a chilling conclusion—a caste of women whose sole function was to make their wombs available for impregnation by ruling-class men. A medical ethicist and a sociologist have completed a seven-year study of what may be a feminist reversal on this tale—women who seek out a sperm donor in order to have a child before their "biological clocks" cease ticking. Daniel Wikler, PhD, professor of philosophy at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, discovered this practice when his sister, Norma Wikler, PhD, professor of sociology at the University of California, Santa Cruz, was interviewing career women about their decisions on childbearing. One woman admitted she had inseminated herself because she was neither married nor involved in a serious relationship, but wished to have a child. Intrigued, the Wiklers sought out
Investigation of the relationship between volume and mortality for surgical procedures performed in New York State hospitals
Authors: E. L. Hannan
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Recent studies have demonstrated that the number of times a hospital or surgeon performs certain procedures annually has an inverse relationship with in-hospital mortality rates for patients undergoing the procedures. This study uses an improved measure of physician volume to test the combined relationship of hospital and physician volume with in-hospital mortality rates and to explore the existence of threshold volumes that optimally discriminate high- and low-volume providers. Five procedure groups have significant volume-mortality relationships. For total cholecystectomies, hospital volume is the more significant volume measure, but physician volume is marginally related to mortality rate. For coronary artery bypass surgeries, resection of abdominal aortic aneurysms, partial gastrectomies, and colectomies, physician volume is more significant than hospital volume, but hospital volume is marginally significant. Annual hospital volume thresholds for these data appear to exist at approximately 5 procedures for partial gastrectomies, 40 procedures for colectomies, and 170 procedures for total cholecystectomies. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:503-510)
Meningococcal Arthritis
Authors: Peter D. Byeff
Journal: JAMA (1976)

IT HAS become increasingly clear that, although gonococcal and meningococcal infections generally present clinical pictures that are readily identifiable, they can occasionally appear with indistinguishable signs and symptoms.<sup>1</sup>We report a case that illustrates this point. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 25-year-old man was admitted to the medical service at Georgetown University Hospital with the chief complaint of right ankle pain of two days' duration. He had been well until seven days prior to admission, when he noted the onset of a sore throat. Four days prior to admission, a fever to 40 C and shaking chills developed. Myalgia and arthralgia followed, and he came to the Georgetown University Hospital emergency room. At that time, four days before his eventual admission, he was thought to have a viral illness, and he was sent home after blood was drawn for cultures. Two days before admission, his left ankle became swollen,
Cecal Mass
Authors: Daniel Nolan
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>History</h3> A 46-year-old woman was first examined 14 years ago for a history of bloody diarrhea. A diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was made. The disease had been in remission for most of the time since then. It recurred in July 1974, when she again had multiple loose stools containing blood. She also complained of a dull ache in the right iliac fossa. On examination, a small, vague, slightly tender mass was palpable there. A plain film on the abdomen showed no abnormality. Figures 1 and 2 were made during barium enema examination. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Mucocele of the appendix. <h3>Comment</h3> The characteristic roentgenographic appearance of a round, welldefined filling defect in the cecum with nonfilling of the appendix enabled the correct preoperative diagnosis to be made. The small, round, translucent area about 4 mm in diameter visible in the center of the larger mass represented the proximal end of the appendix, which