tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-030 Selective gut decomtamination reduces hepatic expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and development of cirrhosis but does not prevent development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
Authors: F Mohamed, D Dhar, N Shah, N Davies, A Habtesion, T V Luong, A Winstanley, A P Dhillon, S Oldedamink, R P Mookerjee, R Jalan
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Recent studies suggest that TLR4 inhibition may prevent fibrosis in murine models. Chronic antigenic stimulation due to increased bacterial gut translocation leads to upregulation of hepatic TLR4 and this may lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis and HCC. The aims of this study were to determine whether gut decontamination with Norfloxacin prevents cirrhosis and HCC in rodent model of cirrhosis and HCC. <h3>Methods</h3> 18 Fisher rats divided into three groups; 1st treated with DEN and NMOR (carcinogens). 2nd was treated with the same carcinogens + Norfloxacin from the beginning to 14 weeks (end of experiment). 3rd group was control. H&amp;E, reticulin and Immunohistochemistry were done also liver function and TNF-α were measured. <h3>Results</h3> All the rats in 1st and 2nd groups developed HCC, the severity of which was not different between groups. With reticulin stain there was significantly reduced fibrosis in the group treated with Norfloxacin (score: 1 (0–2)) compared with the untreated group (score: 4 (3–5)) (p&lt;0.03). The expression of TLR4 in both carcinogen groups in the background liver was significantly greater than control rats but lower in the Norfloxacin group compared with the untreated group (p&lt;0.0016<sup>**</sup>). No difference inTLR4 expression was observed in the HCC nodules in both groups. There was a reduction of ALT (p&lt;0.05) and AST (p&lt;0.01) in the Norfloxacin treated comparing to DEN and NMOR group. There was a also reduction of TNF-α level in the Norfloxacin treated group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The results of this study suggest that selective decontamination of the gut may be a novel strategy to prevent cirrhosis probably by inhibiting hepatic TLR4 expression. In this model of cirrhosis and HCC, reduction of hepatic TLR4 does not prevent development of HCC suggesting that the mechanisms of its development are unrelated to severity of fibrosis and TLR4 related mechanisms. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Your Hair and Your Health.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Oestrogens as a cause of endometrial carcinoma.
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The association of estrogens with endometrial cancer is discussed. In 1 retrospective study, 57% of the cancer patients had been treated with estrogens, while only 15% of carefully matched controls were so treated. It was thus concluded that estrogen treatment increased the risk of cancer by a factor of 7.6, and the risk increases with duration of treatment. Another study found the risk of endometrial cancer to be increased 4.5 times in estrogen-treated menopausal women. However, if these findings are correct, one would expect an increase in the incidence of endometrial cancer in the general population, though this has not occurred. Some hospital and practitioners are administering synthetic progestogens with estrogen with the aim of countering the carcinogenic properties of estrogen. However, the use of natural estriol and estradiol, rather than conjugated estrogen containing estrone sulphate, seems a more promising approach. The advantages of this approach and biological differences between the various estrogens, synthetic and natural, are discussed.
AFRICA
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1898)

General Infirmary, writes to ask whether any of our readers have ever noticed the presence of fatty casts in the urine of diabetic patients appearing just before the onset of or during the stage of coma.*** We believe it was Dr. Maguire who first drew attention to the pre- sence of large numbers of hyaline and granular casts in the premonitory stage of diabetic coma.His observation has been recognised to be quite correct as a rule, but the appearance of the casts is not so con- stant or of such prognostic value as was at one time thought. ANSWEUS.THE only suggestion we can make is that " Scotus " should communica- cate with a firm of surgical instrument makers who deal in second-hand instruments.L.-We are informed that Elementary Les8sonR in Physical Geography by Pro- fessor Sir Archibald Geikie (London: Macmillan and Co. I897.4s.6d
A note from the editors: enterovirus D68 epidemiology in France and Germany–food for thought
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Preview this article: A note from the editors: enterovirus D68 epidemiology in France and Germany–food for thought, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/19/eurosurv-21-30229-1-1.gif
Contents Vol. 12,1986
Authors: C Schulman, R Hohenfellner, Mainz Steg, Paris Whitaker, J Blandy, M Mebel, Berlin Pagano, Padova Carvallo, J Zielinski, Katowice Zingg, R Ackerman, R Harzmann, G Jacobi, Rotterdam Kurth, R Nagel, M Pavone, Macaiuso Palermo, M Robinson, Ph Smith, J Pryor, Lithiasis Boccon-Gibod, J Brisset, Paris Marberger, S Rocca, H Schneider, W Vahlensieck, J Wickham, J Auvert, J Lyon, Barcelona Gil-Vernet, L Giuliani, G Faure, J Martinez-Pineiro, P Abrams, S Karger
Journal: European Urology (1986)
METHODS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARISON OF ROTATIONAL GAMMA CAMERA SYSTEMS.
Authors: Joseph Areeda, Dennis Chapman, Kenneth Van Train, James Bietendorf, Christopher Wong, Daniel Berman, Alan Waxman, Ernest Garcia
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Areeda, Joseph; Chapman, Dennis; Van Train, Kenneth; Bietendorf, James; Wong, Christopher; Berman, Daniel; Waxman, Alan; Garcia, Ernest Author Information
Regional patterns in the incidence of aplastic anemia in Thailand
Authors: Surapol Issaragrisil, Paul E. Leaverton, Kanchana Chansung, Tharatorn Thamprasit, Yaowarat Porapakham, Sathit Vannasaeng, Anong Piankijagum, David W. Kaufman, Theresa E. Anderson, Samuel Shapiro, Neal S. Young
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

The annual incidence of aplastic anemia has been determined in a rigorous and standardized epidemiologic study conducted in Thailand. A total of 374 cases were identified over a period of 3–6 years in three geographically defined and distinct regions of the country; Bangkok, Khonkaen in the northeast, and Songkla in the south. The incidence was 3.9 cases per million persons in Bangkok, 3.0 per million in Songkla, and 5.0 per million in Khonkaen. These rates are as high or higher than in any region of Europe or Israel as reported in the International Agranulocytosis and Aplastic Anemia Study, in which the methods and case definition were the same. Rates were stable over the course of the study. There were marked differences in incidence between northern and southern rural regions of Thailand, and among Bangkok suburbs. These differences, together with an unusual peak in the incidence among young people in Bangkok, suggest the possibility of occupational and environmental factors in the etiology of aplastic anemia. Am. J. Hematol. 61:164–168, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. A concern for standards;
Authors: D. Moher
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Evidence-based health care is becoming increasingly popular and, at least in some settings, is being used to assist in the creation of health care policy.<sup>1</sup>Meta-analyses are a key component of evidence-based health care. Such analyses pool individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) together to arrive at an overall estimate of the effect of the intervention under consideration. Meta-analyses offer several potential advantages. They provide a systematic and explicit method for synthesizing evidence, a quantitative overall estimate (and confidence intervals) derived from the individual studies, and early evidence as to the effectiveness of treatments, thus reducing the need for continued study. They also can address questions in specific subgroups that individual studies may not have examined. There has been a striking increase in the number of published meta-analyses of RCTs. One of the first medical metaanalyses was published in<i>JAMA</i>in 1955.<sup>2</sup>By June 1992, the number of meta-analyses
Treatment of Bacterial Endocarditis in Patients with Penicillin Hypersensitivity.
Authors: George R. Green
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Treatment of Bacterial Endocarditis in Patients with Penicillin Hypersensitivity.George R. Green, M.D., Gustavus A. Peters, M.D., F.A.C.P., Joseph E. Geraci, M.D., F.A.C.P.George R. Green, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Gustavus A. Peters, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph E. Geraci, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1170_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSeventy-one of 400 patients treated for bacterial endocarditis (1951 through 1964) had a history of penicillin allergy (18%). Allergic reactions occurred in 22 of 56 such patients receiving penicillin (39%); 18 patients without allergic history had reactions to penicillin (5%). No reaction was fatal, but one patient had an anaphylactic reaction. In 5 of 22 patients in the allergic group and in 5 of 18 in the nonallergic group, penicillin therapy was discontinued because of severe reactions but was successfully completed in the others, the delayed allergic reaction being controlled by steroids or antihistamines or both. Little correlation was noted... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: George R. Green, M.D.; Gustavus A. Peters, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Joseph E. Geraci, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Rochester, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1170-1170KeywordsAllergy and immunologyAnaphylaxisAntihistaminesEndocarditisHypersensitivityPenicillinSteroids ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
A Comparison of the Percentage of Fetal Hemoglobin in Human Umbilical Cord Blood as Determined by Chromatography and by Alkali Denaturation
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
European Perspectives
Journal: Circulation (2009)

He explains, "Formerly I thought that genetic influence was mainly driven by very few genetic variations-this was what was generally thought in the late 1990s.But even before the era of genome-wide research, I understood and I learned during these 1 1/2 years that the complex disease of atherosclerosis has a systems biology origin."They focused on the idea that different systems of biology result in the complex phenotype of atherosclerosis.The approach meant that they were well prepared for the era when it became technically possible to apply genome-wide testing of genetic variability or genetic transcriptomics.Today, this is the focus of Professor Blankenberg's research, and he maintains a close collaboration with Professor Cambien and Dr Tiret. "We Found That From a Biomarker Point of View, Glutathione Peroxidase Protects From Future Cardiovascular Events"The starting point for the biomarker research was a study called AtheroGene, conducted in Mainz and Koblenz, Germany, and performed in close collaboration with Dr Tiret and Professor Cambien, in which they gathered the DNA and other biomaterial from patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease.In 2003, they published an article in the ew England Journal of Medicine on glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme in the antioxidative stress cascade. 1 He says, "We investigated the biomarkers and genetic variability that influenced the secondary outcome, and we found that from a biomarker point of view, glutathione peroxidase protects against future cardiovascular events.
Stage at presentation and oncologic outcomes for agent orange exposed and non-exposed United States veterans diagnosed with prostate cancer.
Authors: Alexander Tward, Jonathan David Tward
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

259 Background: Exposure of Vietnam War Veterans to the defoliant Agent Orange (AO) has been linked to increased tumor stage of Veterans diagnosed with prostate cancer. However, information on the effect of exposure to treatment outcomes is lacking. The goal of this study was to evaluate oncologic outcomes in Veterans based on AO exposure history, accounting for known prognostic covariates not previously studied. Methods: United States military Veterans diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma born between the years 1930-1956 were identified from a large professionally curated institutional database. Evaluable patients had to have known AO exposure status, age, NCCN risk group, Charlson comorbidity score, smoking status, and whether initial therapy was surgical, radiation, or systemic. Risk of death, metastasis, and progression stratified by the type of initial therapy received was analyzed using Cox regression. Results: There were 70 AO exposed and 561 non-exposed Veterans identified, with a median follow-up of 10.0 years. AO exposure Veterans (AOeV) were significantly younger (64.0 versus 65.7 years, p=0.013) at diagnosis and presented at more advanced stages (e.g. Stage 4: 14.3% versus 2.5%) than non-exposed Veterans (non-AOeV). There was no difference for overall survival (HR=0.86, p=0.576, metastasis-free survival (HR=1.5, p=0.212), or progression-free survival (HR=0.67, p 0.060) between AOeV versus non-AOeV in analyses stratified by treatment received accounting for other prognostic covariates. Cigarette smoking was associated with a 2- 3-fold increased risk of death over those who quit or never smoked. Conclusions: Although AOeV do present at younger age and higher clinical stages than non-AOeV, the oncologic outcomes after accounting for treatments received and other prognostic covariates are similar. The implication is that AOeV are more likely to be recommended multimodality or systemic therapies at presentation.
Sex Education: Facts and Attitudes
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Marriages
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Experimental neutralization of reduced resistance to cancer cells after operative stress
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Programs in Medical Education Sponsored by Government Agencies
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The Council on Medical Education in its annual report on medical education regularly includes information on programs in medical education sponsored or supported by government agencies. The following is a current summary of such programs. <h3>Armed Services</h3><h3>Army</h3><h3>Early Commissioning Program.—</h3> This program, open to medical students, is designed to provide an early association of future physicians with the Army Medical Department with the hope that in due course a military medical career may prove appealing. Participants will be appointed as Reserve commissioned officers in the Medical Service Corps, and on graduation they will be reappointed in the Army Medical Corps. Students who participate in this program will be required to serve on active duty for a minimum of two years on completion of internship or after residency training if they are selected for deferment under the Armed Forces Physicians' Appointment and Residency Consideration Program (Berry Plan). A major advantage
Megavitamins for minimal brain dysfunction. A placebo-controlled study
Authors: L. E. Arnold
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Preliminary to a stimulant comparison study, 31 children with minimal brain dysfunction randomly received either placebo or a megavitamin combination. During a two-week trial, only two children responded so well that stimulants were not considered necessary; both were in the placebo group. Change scores from pretest to posttest on four blind ratings by teachers and parents did not show a significant difference between the placebo and vitamin groups. (<i>JAMA</i>240:2642-2643, 1978)