tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Immune Reaction?
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dual Controls, p-Value Plots, and the Multiple Testing Issue in Carcinogenicity Studies
Authors: Murray R. Selwyn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The interpretation of statistically significant findings in a carcinogenicity study is difficult, in part because of the large number of statistical tests conducted. Some scientists who believe that the false positive rates in these experiments are unreasonably large often suggest that the use of multiple control groups will provide important insight into the operational false positive rates. The purpose of this paper is 2-fold: to present results from two carcinogenicity studies with dual control groups, and to present and illustrate a new graphical technique potentially useful in the analysis and interpretation of tumor data from carcinogenicity studies. The experimental data analyzed show that statistically significant differences between identically treated groups will occur with regular frequency. Such data, however, do not provide strong evidence of extrabinomial variation in tumor rates. The p-value plot is advocated as a graphical method that can be used to assess visually the ensemble of p values for neoplasm data from an entire study. This technique is then illustrated using several examples. Through computer simulation, we present p-value plots generated with and without treatment effects present. On average, the plots look substantially different depending on the presence or absence of an effect. We also evaluate decision rules motivated by the p-value plots. Such rules appear to have good power to detect treatment effects (i.e., have low false negative rates) while still controlling false positive rates.
Emergency!
Authors: Sandeep Ghandhi, Richard Marshall, Hugh Montgomery, David Howell, Neil Goldsack
Journal: BMJ (1999)

In the 10th part of our series, <b>Sandeep Ghandi</b>, <b>Richard Marshall</b>, <b>Hugh Montgomery</b>, <b>David Howell</b>, and <b>Neil Goldsack</b> tell you how to differentiate the various causes of chest pain
Spontaneous reversion of FTA-ABS test reactions
Authors: R. E. Burns
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In a series of 56 clinically healthy persons with no history of syphilis and negative VDRL tests but reactive fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) tests, 20 spontaneously developed nonreactive FTA-ABS tests in a period of eight months or less. All but one of these had been of 2+ or less fluorescence. In such a situation, the serologic tests for syphilis (VDRL and FTA-ABS tests) should be repeated at intervals for up to a year before coming to a decision regarding the diagnosis of syphilis. Laboratories could facilitate that decision by reporting degrees of fluorescence of the FTA-ABS test. (<i>JAMA</i>234:617-618, 1975)
Association News.
Authors: Frank B. Wynn
Journal: JAMA (1904)

<h3>THE SCIENTIFIC EXHIBIT AT ATLANTIC CITY.</h3> Brief Resume of this Display of Pathologic Specimens, etc. Four years ago the first Scientific Exhibit of the Association was inaugurated at Atlantic City. It was the distinctive feature of that memorable meeting. The practical benefits of the exhibit idea have been appreciated by everyone. Experience has shown the desirability of attaining two important ends: First, there should be each year the complete illumination of only a few pathologic topics, rather than a miscellaneous collection of specimens. Let the phases chosen for illustration be those of live interest to the profession, and such as are likely to be prominently considered in the Section work. Secondly the specimen groups should be demonstrated by competent persons at stated hours indicated on the official program. For the past five years those most interested in securing greater practical efficiency of the exhibit have striven for the attainment
NIH consensus conference. Treatment of early-stage breast cancer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sport concussion knowledge base and current practice: a survey of selected physician sections from the ontario medical association
Authors: Constance M Lebrun, Mrazik Martin, Prasad Abhaya S, Taylor Taryn, Jevremovic Tatiana
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Objective To examine knowledge base/practice patterns regarding sport concussion in two physician populations. Design On-line survey. Setting Ontario, Canada. Participants Physicians from Ontario Medical Association, Sections of: Sport &amp; Exercise Medicine (SEM), General &amp; Family Practice (SGFP). Intervention Emailed survey, 2 reminders. Outcome measures Knowledge base/practice patterns; learning methods: current/preferred. Main results Participants SEM 92/594 (15.5%), SGFP 270/12,168 (2.2%); 51 (13.4%) members of both. More SEM physicians saw &gt;5 children (&lt;18 years) with concussions/month (40.2% SEM, 9.5% SGFP; p =&lt; 0.001). Tools Clinical examination; Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT/SCAT2) (68.4% SEM, 34.1% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); balance testing (56.5% SEM, 37.4% SGFP; p=0.001); computerised neurocognitive testing (23.9% SEM, 1.9% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); concussion grading scales (9.8% SEM, 14.1% SGFP; p&lt;0.001). Management: Physical rest (65.2% SEM, 68.5% SGFP); modified school/work until symptom resolution (50.0% SEM, 38.5% SGFP; p=0.026); no cognitive rest (3.2% SEM, 9.6% SGFP; p=0.026). Return-to-play : Clinical examination; SCAT/SCAT2 (60.8% SEM, 29.6% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); balance testing (56.5% SEM, 37.4% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); computerised neurocognitive testing (35.9% SEM, 2.2% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); concussion grading scales (7.6% SEM, 9.6% SGFP). Learning sources colleagues (55.4% SEM, 27.8% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); specialists (33.7% SEM, 23.7% SGFP; p=0.030); continuing medical education (CME) courses/conferences (67.4% SEM, 54.7% SGFP; p=0.017; preferred: 85.9% SEM, 73.9% SGFP; p=0.006); journals/publications (48.9% SEM, 25.2% SGFP; p&lt;0.001); websites (35.8% SEM, 32.2% SGFP; preferred: 35.9% SEM, 47.8% SGFP; p=0.024); medical school/residency training (19.6% SEM, 17.4% SGFP; preferred: 37.0% SEM, 47.8% SGFP). Conclusions Gaps exist between consensus-based recommendations and current practice patterns. Enhanced medical school/residency training and additional CME initiatives are recommended. Competing interests None.
Are medical education dollars buying what they should?
Authors: J. A. Lanning
Journal: JAMA (1977)

WHETHER or not it sticks in the craw, by federal mandate, health planning does exist, as do the specter of comprehensive national health insurance plans, and the Federal Trade Commission with its alledged assaults on professionalism. There are watch birds set up to control utilization and quality through Professional Standard Review Organizations, audits, and utilization review committees; the $2.7 billion authorized for health professions education by the new health manpower law comes with many strings attached. The public, at least in its federal form, has increasingly been involved in health care and medical education. I was asked to speak for the public interest. I cannot legitimately speak<i>for</i>all my fellow citizens. We even have difficulty according our highest popularly elected officials the power to speak<i>for</i>us. So, with that disclaimer, I will speak<i>about</i>medical education dollars and the public interest. <h3>DOLLARS, DISTRIBUTION, DISAFFECTION, AND QUALITY</h3> The key
LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.
Authors: M. L. HEIDINGSFELD
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The etiology of lupus erythematosus remains to the present day an unsolved dermatologic problem, in spite of the somewhat commonplace character of the affection, and the large number of careful and painstaking researches in that direction. Its frequency, notwithstanding its world-wide distribution, is variously estimated. From the records of the American Dermatologic Association it occurs once in three hundred dermatologic cases in the United States, with marked fluctuations with respect to locality. Voirol<sup>1</sup>reports only one case in every 833 cases of a dermatologic nature in Berlin; Crocker reports one in every 55 cases in private practice in London, and Jadassohn<sup>2</sup>one in every 66 cases (in private practice in Berne), and one in every 78 cases in dispensary and hospital practice. This seeming disparity is probably more dependent on factors pertaining to personal observation, particularly the ease with which the acute disseminated forms, and mild chronic circumscribed
Reversible Calcinosis Cutis: Calciphylaxis in Man
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Contribution of Benzene to Smoking-Induced Leukemia
Authors: Jeffrey E. Korte, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Mark R. Schulz, Louise M. Ball, Eric J. Duell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of leukemia; benzene, an established leukemogen, is present in cigarette smoke. By combining epidemiologic data on the health effects of smoking with risk assessment techniques for low-dose extrapolation, we assessed the proportion of smoking-induced total leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) attributable to the benzene in cigarette smoke. We fit both linear and quadratic models to data from two benzene-exposed occupational cohorts to estimate the leukemogenic potency of benzene. Using multiple-decrement life tables, we calculated lifetime risks of total leukemia and AML deaths for never, light, and heavy smokers. We repeated these calculations, removing the effect of benzene in cigarettes based on the estimated potencies. From these life tables we determined smoking-attributable risks and benzene-attributable risks. The ratio of the latter to the former constitutes the proportion of smoking-induced cases attributable to benzene. Based on linear potency models, the benzene in cigarette smoke contributed from 8 to 48% of smoking-induced total leukemia deaths [95% upper confidence limit (UCL), 20-66%], and from 12 to 58% of smoking-induced AML deaths (95% UCL, 19-121%). The inclusion of a quadratic term yielded results that were comparable; however, potency models with only quadratic terms resulted in much lower attributable fractions--all < 1%. Thus, benzene is estimated to be responsible for approximately one-tenth to one-half of smoking-induced total leukemia mortality and up to three-fifths of smoking-related AML mortality. In contrast to theoretical arguments that linear models substantially overestimate low-dose risk, linear extrapolations from empirical data over a dose range of 10- to 100-fold resulted in plausible predictions.
A way to Settle the Respective Merits of the "Brand" and "Woodbridge" Treatment of Typhoid.
Authors: None M.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

September21, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Much valuable space in theJournalhas recently been devoted to communications from Dr. Upshur and Dr. Woodbridge, anent the treatment of typhoid fever. What we of the disinterested third party had hoped to find a critical presentation of the merits of the case has degenerated into a petty squabble, redolent with personalities, which redounds neither to the credit of those concerned nor is of benefit to the science of medicine. This fact is much to be regretted. The treatment of typhoid fever is a subject of too vital importance to be even temporarily obscured by the mud with which these estimable and gallant gentlemen have been so assiduously pelting each other. What the profession at large desires is to arrive at the truth of the matter; and the sooner this can be reached the better for medical science and humanity in general. In
Clinical, Pathogenetic and Experimental Investigations of Endometriosis, Especially Regarding the Localisation in the Abdominal Wall (Laparotomy Scars) with a Contribution to the Study of Experimental Transplantation of Endometrium
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Students’ Shifting Tobacco Habits
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Randomized phase 3 study of panitumumab (pmab) vs cetuximab (cmab) in chemorefractory wild-type (WT) <i>KRAS</i> exon 2 metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): outcomes by hypomagnesemia (hypomag) in ASPECCT.
Authors: Marc Peeters, Timothy Jay Price, Tae Won Kim, Jin Li, Stefano Cascinu, Paul Ruff, Attili Venkatasatya Suresh, Anne L. Thomas, Sergei Tjulandin, Kathy Zhang, Roger Sidhu, Swaminathan Murugappan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

3587 Background: ASPECCT met its primary endpoint of non-inferiority of overall survival (OS) of pmab vs cmab. We evaluate outcomes by hypomag, an on-treatment, anti-EGFR related adverse event that develops due to the inhibition of EGFR function. Conflicting reports have suggested hypomag is associated with survival. Methods: Patients (pts) with previously treated WT KRAS exon 2 mCRC were randomized 1:1 to receive pmab or cmab. The primary endpoint was non-inferiority of OS. Progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) were secondary endpoints. Pts were categorized ± any grade hypomag during the study and data from the primary analysis was evaluated by treatment arm. Analysis of Mg supplementation during hypomag was not conducted. Results: 999 pts were randomized and treated: 499 pmab, 500 cmab. Any grade hypomag was 28.8% and grade ≥3 was 7.3% in the pmab arm vs 18.9% and 2.6% in the cmab arm, respectively. Median time to first hypomag onset was 82 days in the pmab arm and 57 days in the cmab arm. In the pmab arm, 1.0% of pts discontinued treatment and 5% of pts had dose modifications due to hypomag vs <0.5% and 3% in the cmab arm, respectively. Results are shown (Table). Conclusions: In ASPECCT, rates of hypomag were higher in the pmab vs the cmab arm. Pts who developed any grade hypomag with pmab or cmab had higher ORR, PFS, and OS compared with those pts who did not. Clinical trial information: NCT01001377. Pmab Arm Hypomag – Yes (n = 143) Hypomag – No (n = 353) HR (95% CI) Median OS - mos (95% CI) 13.8 (11.6 – 15.5) 8.7 (8.1 – 9.8) 0.61 (0.48 – 0.77) Median PFS - mos (95% CI) 6.7 (5.2 – 6.8) 3.0 (2.8 – 3.1) 0.46 (0.37 – 0.56) ORRa - % (95% CI) 34.5 (26.7 – 42.9) 16.9 (13.1 – 21.2) Odds Ratio (95% CI) 2.71 (1.67 – 4.34) Median duration of treatment - wks (range) 28.0 (6.3 – 88.0) 11.7 (2.0 – 130.0) Cmab Arm Hypomag – Yes(n = 95) Hypomag – No(n = 408) HR(95% CI) Median OS - mos (95% CI) 12.5 (10.0 – 14.8) 9.4 (8.3 – 10.5) 0.70 (0.55 – 0.91) Median PFS - mos (95% CI) 6.6 (5.0 – 6.8) 3.2 (3.0 – 4.0) 0.53 (0.42 – 0.68) ORRa - % (95% CI) 28.0 (19.1 – 38.2) 17.9 (14.2 – 22.0) Odds Ratio (95% CI) 1.81 (1.02 – 3.15) Median duration of treatment - wks (range) 27.0 (4.0 – 94.3) 14.0 (1.0 – 69.9) aEvaluable pts per modified RECIST.
Monitoring the Cytogenetic Architecture of Minimal Residual Plasma Cells Indicates Therapy-Induced Clonal Selection in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Yuting Yan, Yan Xu, Xuehan Mao, Jiahui Liu, Huishou Fan, Qi Wang, Chenxing Du, Li Zengjun, Shuhua Yi, Rui Lv, Shuhui Deng, Weiwei Sui, Mu Hao, Yu-Tzu Tai, Nikhil C. Munshi, Gang An, Lugui Qiu
Journal: Blood (2019)
The Medical Secretary.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased Maximal Pulmonary Response to Methacholine and Airway Smooth Muscle in Immature Compared with Mature Rabbits
Authors: Robert S. Tepper, Tao Du, Angela Styhler, Mara Ludwig, James G. Martin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We compared the effect of maturation upon the maximal pulmonary response to inhaled methacholine in rabbits and also assessed whether there was an age-related difference in the quantity of airway smooth muscle. In sedated, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated rabbits, pulmonary resistance was measured following increasing doses of aerosolized methacholine (0.5 to 256 mg/ml). The six mature rabbits (6 mo) demonstrated a plateau in their dose-response curves whereas only three of six immature animals (1 mo) had a plateau. The immature compared with the mature animals had a greater maximal increase in pulmonary resistance (950% versus 380%). The lungs were examined by light microscopy to determine morphometrically the area of smooth muscle (ASM) in the airway walls. ASM was normalized for airway size by dividing by the ideal airway area. The normalized ASM was different for the two age groups and the immature animals' airways had more smooth muscle. The relationship between airway size and ASM was similar for the two age groups with smaller airways having proportionately more smooth muscle. The differences with age in ASM area were primarily due to the immature animals having a greater number of airways of small size. There was not a significant relationship between the maximal percent increase in pulmonary resistance and the normalized ASM. We conclude that inhaled methacholine produces a greater maximal increase in the pulmonary resistance of immature than mature rabbits and that this difference is unlikely to be caused by a proportionately greater quantity of ASM in the immature than the mature rabbit airways.