tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P214: Reduction of Hexokinase II Exaggerated Cardiac Hypertrophy via Increased ROS Production and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition
Authors: Eugene J Wyatt, Rongxue Wu, Kusum Chawla, Mohsen Ghanefar, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Rationale/Objective: Cardiac hypertrophy is associated with a metabolic switch in substrate utilization from fatty acids to glucose. Levels of Hexokinase II (HKII), a key regulator of glucose metabolism, increase in response to hypertrophic stimulation and we hypothesized that a reduction in HKII could attenuate the hypertrophic response. Methods/Results : Contrary to our hypothesis, heterozygous knockout of HKII (HKII+/-) resulted in exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy after the induction of pressure overload by trans-aortic constriction (TAC). HKII+/- mice demonstrated increased heart size, interstitial fibrosis, and pulmonary edema compared to wild-type (WT) 4 weeks after TAC. This was associated with reduced cardiac function and increased mortality in the HKII+/- mice by the 8-week time point, indicating an accelerated transition to heart failure. In primary cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM), siRNA knockdown of HKII exacerbated the hypertrophic response to Angiotensin II (AngII) compared to control siRNA. Mechanistically, reduction of HKII resulted in increased ROS levels after hypertrophic stimulation relative to controls. Treatment of NRCM with the antioxidant N -acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated the hypertrophic response to AngII, and abrogated the increased hypertrophy observed with HKII knockdown. In addition to its enzymatic activity, HKII can bind the outer membrane of the mitochondria, and this interaction increased with hypertrophic agonists. Dissociation of HKII from the mitochondria using a synthetic cell permeable peptide resulted in de novo hypertrophy compared with scrambled peptide control, and this was also attenuated with NAC treatment. Further investigation into the source of ROS revealed that HKII knockdown (+AngII) or mitochondrial dissociation resulted in increased mitochondrial permeability pore (mPTP) opening in the absence of cell death. Conclusions: Overall, the data suggest that HKII and its binding to the mitochondria serve as a negative regulator of hypertrophy by decreasing ROS production, possibly through regulation of the mPTP.
MISCELLANEA MEDICA
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1846: Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery is superior to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug-Eluting Stents for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gengo Sunagawa, Tatsuhiko Komiya, Nobushige Tamura, Taira Kobayashi, Tomokuni Furukawa, Akihito Matsushita, Takashi Murashita, Kazuyoshi Kanno, Sachiko Hayashi, Shun Watanabe, Genichi Sakaguchi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

(Introduction) Improvements in results of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) have been extending their use in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease. (Hypothesis) We assessed the hypothesis that coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) would be superior to PCI with DES in patients with ULMCA. (Methods) From January 2004 to March 2006, 114 patients underwent CABG (emergency: 42 cases), and 136 patients underwent PCI with DES (emergency: 9 cases) for ULMCA disease. In CABG, 91 patients had off-pump surgery. In PCI, all patients had sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. The mean follow-up was 621±291 days in CABG and 455±216 days in PCI. Survival, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and target lesion revascularization (TLR) were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. (Results) Preoperative characteristics and risk factors were compatible between the groups except for EuroSCORE (8.0±3.5 in CABG and 5.0±3.0 in PCI, p&lt;0.0001). Thirty-day mortality was 3.5% (elective cases 0%) in CABG and 0% in PCI. Survival rate at 2 years was 94.2% in CABG and 90.2% in PCI (p=0.25). Survival rate at 2 years excluding emergent cases was 98.2% in CABG and 91.2% in PCI (p&lt;0.05)(Figure ). MACE-free rate at 2 years was 93.5% in CABG and 59.7% in PCI (p&lt;0.0001). Freedom from TLR was 98.0% in CABG and 58.8% in PCI (p&lt;0.0001). During the follow-up period, there were 2 late deaths in CABG and 11 late deaths (including 5 sudden deaths) in PCI. (Conclusions) CABG was superior to PCI with DES in terms of long-term outcomes including survival, MACE-free, and TLR. DES carried higher risk for sudden death which might be associated with stent thrombosis. Survival curve in elective cases
The Stimulus Selectivity and Connectivity of Layer Six Principal Cells Reveals Cortical Microcircuits Underlying Visual Processing
Authors: Mateo Vélez-Fort, Charly V. Rousseau, Christian J. Niedworok, Ian R. Wickersham, Ede A. Rancz, Alexander P.Y. Brown, Molly Strom, Troy W. Margrie
Journal: Neuron (2014)

(Neuron 83, 1431–1443; September 17, 2014) As the result of a production error, the final sentence of the Intrinsic Parameters section of the Experimental Procedures erroneously referred to “normalized and nonnormalized data” instead of “normally and nonnormally distributed data.” This sentence has been corrected both in the print issue and online, and the journal regrets the error. The Stimulus Selectivity and Connectivity of Layer Six Principal Cells Reveals Cortical Microcircuits Underlying Visual ProcessingVélez-Fort et al.NeuronAugust 28, 2014In BriefVélez-Fort et al. combine in vivo whole-cell recordings with transsynaptic retrograde tracing of monosynaptic connectivity from cortical layer six neurons to delineate functionally distinct microcircuits underlying sensory processing in the mouse primary visual cortex. Full-Text PDF Open Access
The Belongings
Authors: Deepak Asudani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

On Being a Doctor2 December 2008The BelongingsDeepak Asudani, MDDeepak Asudani, MDFrom Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01109.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-11-200812020-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail While busy with my morning rounds, I saw a young man in the hallway walking toward the nurses' station. He wore shaggy, muddy blue jeans that hung loosely down his waist and a worn-out black shirt under his hooded Red Sox jacket. The young man obviously looked worried and disturbed. He hurriedly approached the nurses' station and made some inquiries with the secretary. Soon, the roughly 5'10” boy of age 16 interrupted me.“Good morning, doctor.”Still busy finalizing the plans for the previous patient, I indifferently smiled back at him, responding to his greeting. The boy stood there as ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01109.Corresponding Author: Deepak Asudani, MD, Baystate Medical Center, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01109; e-mail, deepak.[email protected]org. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHealthcare Providers’ Responses to Narrative Communication About Racial Healthcare DisparitiesWhat Causes Racial Health Care Disparities? A Mixed-Methods Study Reveals Variability in How Health Care Providers Perceive Causal Attributions 2 December 2008Volume 149, Issue 11Page: 833KeywordsAdolescentsCocaineDrugsSubarachnoid hemorrhageSwallowingToxicologyTracheostomyVentilatorsWalkingWeaning ePublished: 2 December 2008 Issue Published: 2 December 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pulmonary disorders, including vocal cord dysfunction
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)

Study questions Pulmonary disorders, including vocal cord dysfunctionLearning objectives: ''Pulmonary disorders, including vocal cord dysfunction'' 1.To explore the classification of pulmonary disorders with various immunologic processes.2. To consider the causes of pulmonary eosinophilia syndromes or conditions.3. To differentiate granulomatous T H 1 and T H 2 inflammatory conditions.4. To appreciate the variable aspects of diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction.Question 1.In patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the number of CD4 1 CD25 1 regulatory T cells is -A.decreased.B. increased.C. very low or absent.D. very high.Question 2. Antibodies in classic cases of Churg-Strauss syndrome are directed against -A.proteinase-3.B. myeloperoxidase.C. single-stranded DNA.D. Churg-Strauss syndrome protein.Question 3. The expected finding in bronchoalveolar lavage differential count in a patient with acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis is -A.macrophages of 95%.B. lymphocytes of 60%.C. eosinophils of 40%.D. polymorphonuclear leukocytes of 60%.Question 4. A characteristic feature of the reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS) is that -A. the period for sensitization is usually 1 to 5 years before onset.B. respiratory symptoms resolve by 3 months after exposure.C. bronchial hyperresponsiveness is present.D. bronchial biopsy demonstrating eosinophilia is consistent with the diagnosis.
Error in Table Data
Authors: Monica Lopez, David Wesson
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2017)

Franz Schaefer, MD; Howard Trachtman, MD; Elke Wühl, MD; Marietta Kirchner, PhD; Salim S. Hayek, MD; Ali Anarat, MD; Ali Duzova, MD; Sevgi Mir, MD; Dusan Paripovic, MD; Alev Yilmaz, MD; Francesca Lugani, MD; Klaus Arbeiter, MD; Mieczyslaw Litwin, MD; Jun Oh, MD; Maria Chiara Matteucci, MD; Jutta Gellermann, MD; Simone Wygoda, MD; Augustina Jankauskiene, MD; Günter Klaus, MD; Jiri Dusek, MD; Sara Testa, MD; Aleksandra Zurowska, MD; Alberto Caldas Afonso, MD; Melissa Tracy, MD; Changli Wei, MD, PhD; Sanja Sever, PhD; William Smoyer, MD; Jochen Reiser, MD, PhD; for the ESCAPE Trial Consortium and the 4C Study Group
Role of Epidemiologic Studies in Deriving Drinking Water Standards for Metals
Authors: Edward J. Calabrese
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Epidemiological investigations are shown to have contributed in a significant way to our understanding of the potential adverse health effects of drinking water with elevated levels of several metals. Particular emphasis is given to an assessment of the epidemiological investigations concerned with characterizing the health effects of exposure to elevated levels of arsenic and sodium in drinking water.
Treatment of Corneal Abrasions
Authors: David C. Slawson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We were pleased to see a recent Questions and Answers<sup>1</sup>address the issue of whether there is any evidence for a beneficial effect of patching the eye after a superficial corneal abrasion. In contrast to the answer provided, there is little support in the medical literature for routine use of an eye patch. In the discussion, the consultant addresses healing rates and pain, two patient-oriented outcomes of importance. While the consultant correctly stated that there is "no definite evidence that patching an eye with a corneal abrasion results in faster healing," he relied on anecdote rather than the clinical literature when concluding that use of an eye patch reduces pain. At least two randomized controlled trials have been published that refute the common clinical impression that eye patches reduce pain. Hulbert studied eye patch use in 30 patients, finding that an eye patch conferred no benefit
P06.11 Classification of high-grade glioma using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI): interim results of the GLIOMIC study
Authors: M. Duhamel, E. Le Rhun, M. Wisztorski, F. Zairi, F. Escande, C. Maurage, I. Fournier, N. Reyns, M. Salzet
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Increased endothelin release by cultured human smooth muscle cells from atherosclerotic coronary arteries
Authors: C. Haug, R. Voisard, A. Lenich, R. Baur, M. Hoher, H. Osterhues, A. Hannekum, U. Vogel, T. Mattfeldt, V. Hombach, A. Grunert
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Endothelin, a 21-amino acid peptide initially purified from the medium of cultured endothelial cells, is a potent vasoconstrictor exerting its effects predominantly in a paracrine or autocrine manner. Recent data indicate that endothelin is also synthesized by cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and that endothelin is an effective stimulator of smooth muscle cell proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the endothelin release of cultured human smooth muscle cells, isolated from coronary plaques and from normal coronary tunica media, and to determine circulating endothelin concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease compared to control subjects. Coronary plaque material was extracted by thrombendarterectomy during aorto-coronary bypass grafting (n = 19). Segments of normal coronary arteries were obtained at autopsy (n = 33). Cells were isolated by enzymatic disaggregation and identified as smooth muscle cells with antibodies against smooth muscle α-actin. Venous blood samples were drawn from patients with coronary artery disease undergoing cardiac catheterization (n = 32) and from control subjects (n = 38). Endothelin concentrations in culture medium and in plasma samples were measured by radioimmunoassay after Sep Pak C18 extraction. Cultured smooth muscle cells, isolated from coronary plaques, released a significantly (P < 0.001) higher amount of immunoreactive endothelin into the culture medium (39.2 ± 3.9 pg/104 cells, mean ± s.e.m., 31 supernatant samples) than smooth muscle cells from normal coronary tunica media (3.9 ± 0.8 pg/104 cells, 28 samples). Circulating endothelin concentrations were slightly elevated (P < 0.01) in patients with coronary artery disease (3.8 ± 0.2 pg/ml) compared to control subjects (3.0 ± 0.2 pg/ml). These data suggest that the endothelin production is markedly increased in smooth muscle cells of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. The enhanced endothelin release may stimulate smooth muscle cell proliferation in a paracrine or autocrine manner and thus may contribute to the development or progression of coronary artery disease.
Reply
Authors: Annalisa Berzigotti, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Hepatology (2018)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We thank Dhaliwal et al. for their interest in our work.1 Our study aimed at testing the efficacy of weight loss obtained by a short, intensive lifestyle intervention (diet and exercise) as a potential novel, nonpharmacological intervention to lower portal pressure in obese and overweight patients with cirrhosis. Regarding the macronutrient components of diet, we prioritized achieving a sufficient caloric reduction using a balanced, nonketogenic diet over other regimens. We would like to underline that the thresholds for safe and ideal protein intake in obese patients with compensated cirrhosis remain unknown, given that most evidence about the optimal daily energy and protein intake in cirrhosis serving as a basis for the existing recommendations derives from decompensated patients.2 Patients with decompensated cirrhosis, even if “stable,” are often malnourished and hardly comparable to compensated obese patients. Ninety‐two percent of our patients were Child A, and we excluded patients with previous or ongoing ascites because this complication is associated with a high risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia,2 susceptible to worsen on weight loss. In addition, in the presence of sufficient nutrition, exercise seems to have a greater impact than nutritional supplementation to improve muscle mass, overcoming the anabolic resistance observed in cirrhosis.3 Concerning the quantification of lean mass, as outlined by Dhaliwal et al. to date no perfect method exists.2 We decided to use bioelectrical impedance analysis because it is simple, inexpensive, and sufficiently reliable in patients without ascites.2 Lean mass was unchanged at the end of the 16 weeks of intensive lifestyle intervention. Given that only a minority of patients were on diuretics, and no patient developed ascites (checked by ultrasound in all cases), the risk of error attributed to changes in water retention over the course of the study is probably small. No decompensation occurred during the study. Regarding long‐term safety, after 6 months, 5 patients (10%) had developed decompensation (mild ascites in 3 and hepatic encephalopathy in 2). All had clinically significant portal hypertension and 3 had previous variceal bleeding (higher risk of clinical events). With the obvious limitations attributed to this very small number of events and to the absence of a control arm, only Child score, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score, and hepatic venous pressure gradient on inclusion were associated with clinical decompensation. Our results suggest that a short intensive lifestyle intervention exerts beneficial effects on portal pressure in patients with obesity and cirrhosis. We did not observe harmful effects of this intervention. However, the point of Dhaliwal et al. regarding the possible need of a higher protein intake in view of the increased physical activity is well taken. Future studies should pay attention to the macronutrients composition of dietary intervention in this population.
Clove Cigarettes
Authors: Kenneth W. Kizer
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest the American Medical Association Council Report on clove cigarettes.<sup>1</sup>As was noted in the report, most of the serious illnesses related to smoking clove cigarettes have been reported from California, where the clove cigarette fad originated. While there has been a substantial decline in clove cigarette imports since 1984 (decreasing from more than 17 million in 1984 to more than 4.3 million in 1987),<sup>2</sup>indicating that the peak of the fad has passed, we remain concerned about their continued use at even reduced levels and their potential to regain popularity among adolescents in the future. Because of our concerns about the safety of clove cigarettes, the California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, also conducted an evaluation of the health hazards of these products.<sup>3</sup>In our report, we cover much of the same material as the Council, and come to many
Single daily dose prednisone therapy
Authors: H. F. Klinefelter
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Seventy-six adults with either arthritis or asthma have been treated with a single daily dose of up to 15 mg of prednisone for from one to 19 years (average, 3.7 years). Although blunting of the serum cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone occurred in some, no complete pituitary suppression occurred until a larger dose was given. The single daily dose can be given in either the morning or evening with no notable difference in serum cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone. Only minor side effects occurred infrequently. This therapeutic regimen should be useful in other diseases for which steroid therapy is indicated. Patients receiving a single daily dose should receive supplemental corticosteroids during periods of unusual stress, eg, a major surgical procedure. (<i>JAMA</i>241:2721-2723, 1979)
US doctors' incomes fell in 1999
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Background and Objectives.</h3> Stellate ganglion block is a technically simple procedure but is liable to many complications because of the adjacent structures. We report a contralateral and bilateral Horner9s syndrome with stellate ganglion block in the same patient on different occasions. We also report a bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve block with this procedure.
Expression of immunoreactive matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases in human normal livers and primary liver tumors
Authors: T Terada, Y Okada, Y Nakanuma
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in cancer cell invasion by degrading extracellular matrix proteins. However, little is known about the in situ expression of MMP in human normal livers and primary liver tumors. In this study, we therefore examined the in situ expression of immunoreactive MMP and tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP) in 10 normal livers, 11 surgically resected intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (CCs), and 6 surgically resected hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). In normal livers, MMP and TIMP were infrequently and faintly expressed in bile ducts, but were not expressed in hepatocytes. In the 11 CCs, MMP–1, MMP–2, MMP3, MMP–9, TIMP–1, and TIMP–2 were expressed in tumor cells and/or tumor stroma in 11 (100%), 5 (45%), 8 (73%), 3 (27%), 9 (82%), and 9 (82%), respectively. The expression of MMP and TIMP in tumor cells was located in the cytoplasm with a diffuse or granular pattern; that in the tumor stroma was situated in fibroblasts, leukocytes, and extracellular matrix. Their expression was stronger in CC cases with severe invasion than in CC cases with mild invasion. In contrast, MMP and TIMP were not expressed in any cases of HCC. These results show that intrahepatic bile duct cells may neoexpress or overexpress MMP and TIMP after malignant transformation but that hepatocytes do not, and suggest that MMP and TIMP play an important role in CC cell invasion by degrading extracellular matrix proteins.
MPFL reconstruction
Authors: Nicola Maffulli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Lecture 6 Primary patellofemoral dislocations are common. It results from quadriceps contraction across a flexed, valgus knee with the weightbearing tibia externally rotated compared to the femur. The dislocation usually reduces spontaneously or with muscle relaxing drugs. In most patients, non-operative management produces satisfactory outcome. Conservative management focuses on concentric exercises to strengthen the quadriceps, and especially the vastus medialis, to prevent further instability. If the dislocation recurs after a trial of rehabilitation, operative intervention should be considered, with the aim of restoring the soft tissue anatomy to normal. Ninety-four per cent of patients suffer a tear to the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) following a patellar dislocation. We perform transverse patella double tunnel technique to reconstruct the MPFL using a free autologous gracilis or semitendinous graft. MPFL reconstruction using hamstring tendon passed through a double patellar transverse bony tunnel technique is a safe, reliable management option for recurrent patellar dislocation in patients without any predisposing anatomic factors.