tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Excessive intake of zinc impairs immune responses
Authors: R. K. Chandra
Journal: JAMA (1984)

The effect of administration of large amounts of zinc on immune response and serum lipoproteins was examined. Eleven healthy adult men ingested 150 mg of elemental zinc twice a day for six weeks. This was associated with a reduction in lymphocyte stimulation response to phytohemagglutinin as well as chemotaxis and phagocytosis of bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Serum high-density lipoprotein concentration decreased significantly and low-density lipoprotein level increased slightly. The common food fad of zinc supplementation with resultant excessive intake could have deleterious effects in healthy persons. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:1443-1446)
Treatment of crotalid envenomation
Authors: M. Z. Bierly
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Arecent communication, "Treatment of Snakebite,"<sup>1</sup>which recommends "cryotherapy," and claims that "no harm is done to an [envenomated] extremity packed in<i>fresh</i>water ice for... six days in the absence of vascular impairment," warrants some comment, particularly in the light of conflicting published concepts.<sup>2</sup> The communication referred to contains a direct quotation: "The big advantage of cryotherapy is its reversibility. In the temperature range of 15 C to 0 C, tissue temporarily shows all of the physiologic inhibitory effects of freezing without producing permanent destruction." This is lifted, inaccurately, and out of context, from<i>Medical World News</i>of Sept 25, 1964, pp 79-86. The term used in the article in Medical World News is "cryosurgery," not "cryotherapy," the surgeon uses a probe chilled by liquid nitrogen or some other coolant to perform various types of operations. The subsequent sentence is as follows, "This phenomenon allows the surgeon to
Some Aspects of the Etiology of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Lennart Hardell, Gunilla Lindstrom, Bert van Bavel, Mats Fredrikson, Goran Liljegren
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

In epidemiologic studies, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has been associated with exposure to chemicals such as phenoxyacetic acids; chlorophenols; dioxins; organic solvents including benzene, polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordanes; and immunosuppressive drugs.Experimental evidence and clinical observations indicate that these chemicals may impair the immune system.The risk is increased for NHL in persons with acquired and congenital immune deficiency as well as autoimmune disorders.Also, certain viruses have been suggested to be of etiologic significance for NHL.In some cases of NHL the common mechanism for all these agents and conditions may be immunosuppression, possibly in combination with viruses.-
Journal of Laryngology and Otology, London
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
National Health Care Reform: The Aura of Inevitability Intensifies-Reply
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Invoking the spirit of Abraham Lincoln, we have stated that even 127 years after our War Between the States, access to basic medical care for all of our inhabitants is still not a reality. We alleged that longstanding, systematic, institutionalized racial discrimination lay at the core of the problem. Many disagreed with that view in 1991. In 1992, based on hard data published in peer-reviewed journals,<sup>1</sup>as well as obvious observation of historical events, few disagree. A consistent medical underclass not only suffers from lack of insurance; even when well insured, it receives unequal care.<sup>2</sup>interest groups because their primary interest must be in the welfare of their patients, clients, or the religious laity—the people themselves who, in aggregate, gave the physicians, the lawyers, and the clergy the privileges and power they have. If sometime they do become primarily self-interest groups, society—which has given them the
Abstract 1436: Development of a chimeric antigen receptor against glycosylated annexin A2 on ovarian tumors
Authors: Leonard W. Leong, Simeon Cua, Heng Liang Tan, Andre B. Choo
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been a significant focus of cancer therapeutic investigation in recent years, due to the remarkably effective responses observed in hematological cancers. However, the utility of CAR T cells has yet to be fully exhibited in solid tumours. One of the key challenges facing the treatment of solid tumors with CAR T cells is the dearth of viable antigen targets, which limits the expansion of this therapeutic space. Here, we describe how the anti-glycan monoclonal antibody 2448, which target annexin A2 on a number of ovarian and breast cancer cell lines, has been successfully reformatted as a CAR T cell construct. Messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding CAR(2448) was transfected into activated T cells, resulting in cytotoxicity and cytokine release upon co-incubation with target cells expressing annexin A2. While CAR(2448) variants with differing spacer chain lengths all mediated cytotoxicity against target cells compared to untransfected T cells, real-time target cell growth monitoring revealed that the long spacer CAR(2448) mediated higher levels of cytotoxicity, consistent with the membrane-proximal location of the annexin A2 target epitope. This optimization of CAR spacer length in the in vitro setting, using mRNA transfected T cells and real-time target cell growth monitoring, suggests that several aspects of CAR construction can be optimized in vitro, thereby lowering the threshold for CAR T cell development. These results suggest the potential for anti-glycan antibodies to be repurposed as CARs, and the development of CAR(2448) is currently being extended to lentiviral vectors for the purpose of developing long-term expressing CAR(2448) T cells, in anticipation of in vivo studies in murine models. This project was funded by the Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore and the A*STAR Graduate Academy (A*GA). Citation Format: Leonard W. Leong, Simeon Cua, Heng Liang Tan, Andre B. Choo. Development of a chimeric antigen receptor against glycosylated annexin A2 on ovarian tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1436.
Mild renal insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality: The Hoorn Study
Authors: Ronald M.A. Henry, Piet J. Kostense, Griet Bos, Jacqueline M. Dekker, Giel Nijpels, Robert J. Heine, Lex M. Bouter, Coen D.A. Stehouwer
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Prevalence of Respiratory Conditions among Schoolchildren Exposed to Different Levels of Air Pollutants in the Haifa Bay Area, Israel
Authors: A. I. Goren, S. Hellman, S. Brenner, N. Egoz, S. Rishpon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

During spring 1984, 2334 second and 2000 fifth-grade schoolchildren living in three Haifa Bay areas on the eastern Mediterranean coast with different levels of air pollution were studied. The parents of these children filled out American Thoracic Society and National Heart and Lung Institute health questionnaires, and the children performed the following pulmonary function tests (PFT); FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FEV, PEF, FEF50, and FEF75. A trend of higher prevalence of most reported respiratory symptoms was found for schoolchildren growing up in the medium and high pollution areas as compared with the low pollution area. Part of the reported respiratory diseases were significantly more common among children from the high pollution area. Models fitted for the respiratory conditions that differed significantly among the three areas of residence also included background variables that could be responsible for these differences. Relative risk values, which were calculated from the logistic models, were in the range of 1.38 for sputum with cold and 1.81 for sputum without cold for children from the high pollution area as compared with 1.00 for children from the low pollution area. All the measured values of PFT were within the normal range. There was no consistent trend of reduced pulmonary function that characterized any residential area.
Abstract 1745: Mitral Leaflet Adaptation to Ventricular Remodeling: Occurrence and Adequacy in 80 Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Miguel Chaput, Mark D Handschumacher, Francois Tournoux, Lanqi Hua, Gus J Vlahakes, J. L Guerrero, Robert A Levine
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is caused by systolic traction on the mitral leaflets related to ventricular distortion. Little is known about how chronic tethering affects leaflet area, in part because of inability to reconstruct leaflet area in situ. Our aim was to do so in order to explore whether adaptive increases occur that meet the needs of tethered geometry in FMR, and to test the hypothesis that leaflet area influences MR. Methods and Results. A new method for 3D echo measurement of mitral leaflet area was developed and validated in vivo against sheep valves, later excised. This method was used to study 80 consecutive patients in 3 groups: patients with normal hearts (n=20); with FMR (n=29) from inferior wall motion abnormality (IWMA) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); and with IWMA or DCM but no MR (n=31). Patients with FMR had 23±5% increased leaflet area compared with normal subjects. The ratio of leaflet to annular area was 1.95±0.40, not different among groups (figure ), indicating a surplus leaflet area that adapts to left heart changes. In contrast, the ratio of total leaflet area to that required to close the orifice in mid-systole was decreased in patients with FMR versus normal (1.29±0.15 vs 1.78±0.39, p=0.001) and versus patients with IWMA or DCM but no MR (1.81±0.38, p=0.001). After adjusting for measures of LV remodeling and tethering, a leaflet-to-closure area ratio &lt;1.7 was associated with significant MR (OR=23.2, p=0.02). Conclusion. Mitral leaflet area increases in response to chronic tethering in patients with IWMA and DCM. However, the adequacy of leaflet adaptation to tethering geometry varies, and may partly explain the heterogeneity of FMR among patients.
White Noise
Authors: Mousumi Banerjee
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Incorrect <i>P</i> Value and Figure Label Error
Authors: Kelly Cushing, Peter Higgins
Journal: JAMA (2021)

Kentaro Suzuki, MD, PhD; Yuji Matsumaru, MD, PhD; Masataka Takeuchi, MD; Masafumi Morimoto, MD, PhD; Ryuzaburo Kanazawa, MD, PhD; Yohei Takayama, MD; Yuki Kamiya, MD, PhD; Keigo Shigeta, MD, PhD; Seiji Okubo, MD, PhD; Mikito Hayakawa, MD; Norihiro Ishii, MD, PhD; Yorio Koguchi, MD, PhD; Tomoji Takigawa, MD, PhD; Masato Inoue, MD, PhD; Hiromichi Naito, MD; Takahiro Ota, MD, PhD; Teruyuki Hirano, MD, PhD; Noriyuki Kato, MD, PhD; Toshihiro Ueda, MD, PhD; Yasuyuki Iguchi, MD, PhD; Kazunori Akaji, MD, PhD; Wataro Tsuruta, MD, PhD; Kazunori Miki, MD, PhD; Shigeru Fujimoto, MD, PhD; Tetsuhiro Higashida, MD, PhD; Mitsuhiro Iwasaki, MD; Junya Aoki, MD, PhD; Yasuhiro Nishiyama, MD, PhD; Toshiaki Otsuka, MD, PhD; Kazumi Kimura, MD, PhD; SKIP Study Investigators
Anal Canal Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Paul F Engstrom, Al B Benson, Leonard Saltz
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2003)

An estimated 3,900 new cases of anal canal cancer will occur in 2002, accounting for approximately 1.6% of digestive system cancers in the United States. NCCN clinical practice guidelines for managing anal cancer discuss the complete management of this disease, from clinical presentation through diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, adjuvant treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
Pneumonia and Influenza Death Rates—United States, 1979-1994
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetic Control of Cadmium Tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Gustavo Maroni, Ann-Shu Ho, Laurent Theodore
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Files from a transgenic line of Drosophila melanogaster with two copies of the metallothionein allele Mtn3 were more tolerant to cadmium than strains with only one copy of the gene. However, flies with the Mtn3 allele were as tolerant as flies with the Mtn3 allele, despite the level of expression of Mtn3 being three times higher than of Mtn3. We propose that the substitution of Lys-40 (in Mtn3) for Glu-40 (in Mtn1) accounts for a reduction in binding affinity of Mtn1, which offsets the increased expression levels.
A phase I/II trial of gemcitabine and S-1 therapy in patients with resected pancreatic cancer: Japanese Study Group of Adjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer (JSAP-03).
Authors: H. Ishii, H. Ueno, T. Kosuge, Y. Matsuyama, A. Saiura, A. Nakao, R. Doi, M. Tanaka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14625 Background: Although anti-tumor effect of gemcitabine (G) and S-1 (S) therapy is extremely high for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC) patients (pts), safety and effectiveness of postoperative GS has not been fully examined. Methods: Eligibility criteria included macroscopically curative resection of invasive ductal PC and no earlier radiation or chemotherapy. Pts were recruited in 2 institutes at phase I part, and in 2+17 institutes at phase 2 part. The primary endpoint of phase 2 part was overall survival. The pts received G intravenously over 30 min on day 1 and S orally twice daily from days 1 to 7 every 14 days for 12 cycles. Pts were scheduled to receive G (mg/m2/week) and S (mg/m2/day) at 3 dose levels: 800/60 (level 0), 1,000/60 (level 1, starting dose) and 1,000/80 (level 2). Toxicities were evaluated at days 1 and 8 for the first 2 cycles, and at day 1 thereafter. Results: Between Apr. 08 and Dec. 08, 13 pts were enrolled in the phase 1 part. At the starting dose of level 1, 3 of the 6 pts experienced dose limiting toxicities (febrile neutropenia or G4 neutropenia). Of additional 7 pts enrolled at level 0, only one experienced febrile neutropenia. We therefore decided the dose of the phase 2 part was level 0, and enrolled additional 48 pts for level 0 from 15 institutes between Feb. 09 and Sep. 09. At the time of writing, Dec. 09, 47 of the 55 pts enrolled in the phase 2 part were assessable for adverse events. G3 febrile neutropenia was observed in 2.1% of the pts, whereas the most common adverse reactions were neutropenia (G3/4: 59.6%, G4: 27.7%). There were no G4 adverse events except neutropenia, leukopenia (2.1%) and hyperkalemia (2.1%). G3 adverse events included anemia (4.3%), alanine aminotransferase elevation (4.3%), fatigue (2.1%), nausea (2.1%), vomiting (2.1%) and infection without neutropenia (2.1%). The protocol treatments could not finish in 6 pts due to adverse drug reactions. Survival data has not been mature, yet. Conclusions: The most common toxicity of this biweekly schedule of GS therapy was neutropenia. The GS therapy using a G dose of 800 mg/m2 and an S dose of 60 mg/m2/day was well tolerated in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Lilly, Taiho Pharmaceutical
Eight postulates in allergy
Authors: J. J. Robbins
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Fulton, Plewig, and Kligman are to be congratulated for finally debunking the long-held teaching that chocolate has any effect on acne vulgaris.<sup>1</sup>Decisive as this well-controlled study is, application of cold reason and basic principles of physiology should long ago have rejected such a relationship. Its rationale is little better than believing that oral ingestion of oil can lubricate arthritic joints. I would like to suggest a number of other beliefs which have to me for a long time, "tasted like old rubber and chewed like dried out Swiss cheese." I am in hopes that publication may motivate similar controlled studies either to put them to rest or place whatever truth they contain on a scientific basis. <i>That any food has any relationship to pulmonary disease</i>. It has always seemed to me entirely unreasonable to believe that ingestion of eggs should cause allergic reactions in
Critical Care
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1813: Depletion of PCAT1 in head and neck cancer cells limits tumor growth by regulating c-Myc, AKT1 and MAPK signalling pathways
Authors: Subhayan Sur, Robert Steele, Ratna B. Ray
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents one of the most common malignancies worldwide with a high mortality rate mainly due to lack of early detection markers, frequent metastasis and aggressive phenotype. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have important regulatory roles in human cancers. Up-regulation of prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT1) in TCGA dataset of HNSCC was noted. In this study, we aimed to evaluate role of the PCAT1 in HNSCC. During validation, we observed up-regulation of PCAT1 in HNSCC patient samples and cell lines. siRNA mediated knock-down of PCAT1 significantly reduced cell proliferation, sphere formation and wound healing in HNSCC cell lines (JHU29 and Cal27). Mechanistic study revealed a significant down-regulation of c-Myc and AKT1 in both RNA and protein levels upon knockdown of PCAT1 in HNSCC cell lines. In-silico analysis suggested a significant positive correlation between PCAT1 and c-Myc or PCAT1 and AKT1 in HNSCC cell lines. Subsequently, we observed modulation of MAPK signalling by activation of p38 and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) upon knockdown of PCAT1, and induction of apoptosis as evident of caspase 9 activation and PARP cleavage. Introduction of PCAT1 into HNSCC xenograft tumors displayed a reduction in tumor volume. Together our data demonstrated an important role of the PCAT1 in HNSCC progression and has potential as a therapeutic candidate. Citation Format: Subhayan Sur, Robert Steele, Ratna B. Ray. Depletion of PCAT1 in head and neck cancer cells limits tumor growth by regulating c-Myc, AKT1 and MAPK signalling pathways [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1813.