tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intensified Bladder Cancer Study Sought
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
iNKT/CD1d-antitumor immunotherapy significantly increases the efficacy of therapeutic CpG/peptide-based cancer vaccine
Authors: Stéphanie Corgnac, Rachel Perret, Lianjun Zhang, Jean-Pierre Mach, Pedro Romero, Alena Donda
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to boost the natural immunity against transformed cancer cells, and a series of adjuvants and co-stimulatory molecules have been proposed to enhance the immune response against weak self-antigens expressed on cancer cells. For instance, a peptide/CpG-based cancer vaccine has been evaluated in several clinical trials and was shown in pre-clinical studies to favor the expansion of effector T versus Tregs cells, resulting in a potent antitumor activity, as compared to other TLR ligands. Alternatively, the adjuvant activity of CD1d-restricted invariant NKT cells (iNKT) on the innate and adaptive immunity is well demonstrated, and several CD1d glycolipid ligands are under pre-clinical and clinical evaluation. Importantly, additive or even synergistic effects have been shown upon combined CD1d/NKT agonists and TLR ligands. The aim of the present study is to combine the activation and tumor targeting of activated iNKT, NK and T cells. <h3>Methods</h3> Activation and tumor targeting of iNKT cells via recombinant α-galactosylceramide (αGC)-loaded CD1d-anti-HER2 fusion protein (CD1d-antitumor) is combined or not with OVA peptide/CpG vaccine. Circulating and intratumoral NK and H-2Kb/OVA-specific CD8 responses are monitored, as well as the state of activation of dendritic cells (DC) with regard to activation markers and IL-12 secretion. The resulting antitumor therapy is tested against established tumor grafts of B16 melanoma cells expressing human HER2 and ovalbumin. <h3>Results</h3> The combined CD1d/iNKT antitumor therapy and CpG/peptide-based immunization leads to optimized expansion of NK and OVA-specific CD8 T cells (CTLs), likely resulting from the maturation of highly pro-inflammatory DCs as seen by a synergistic increase in serum IL-12. The enhanced innate and adaptive immune responses result in higher tumor inhibition that correlates with increased numbers of OVA-specific CTLs at the tumor site. Antibody-mediated depletion experiments further demonstrate that in this context, CTLs rather than NK cells are essential for the enhanced tumor inhibition. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Altogether, our study in mice demonstrates that αGC/CD1d-antitumor fusion protein greatly increases the efficacy of a therapeutic CpG-based cancer vaccine, first as an adjuvant during T cell priming and second, as a therapeutic agent to redirect immune responses to the tumor site.
Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on renal function in man
Authors: R. S. Muther
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To ascertain the clinical significance of dimethyl sulfoxide-induced pigmenturia, we evaluated renal function and indicators of systemic hemolysis in stable quadriplegic patients receiving the drug intravenously (IV) for spinal cord injury. Despite a dose-dependent transient hemolysis with resultant hemoglobinuria, no alteration of renal function could be appreciated. Other than the presence of urinary hemoglobin, there were no changes from baseline in the urinary sediment and all patients remained without severe hematuria. Our results indicate that patients treated with IV dimethyl sulfoxide for severe cerebral edema could serve as donors for renal transplantation. (<i>JAMA</i>244:2081-2083, 1980)
BERLIN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEDU-31. GSK-3 PROMOTES PROLIFERATION DURING POSTNATAL CEREBELLAR DEVELOPMENT AND MAY BE TARGETED IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA THERAPY
Authors: Jennifer Ocasio, Jessica Meidinger, Timothy Gershon
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

We examined the role of the multi-pathway regulator GSK-3 in medulloblastoma pathogenesis in light of prior studies showing that GSK-3 restricts the proliferation of cerebral neural progenitors, preventing overgrowth. Importantly, GSK-3 regulates diverse intracellular processes, including signaling through Wnt and N-myc, which have both been implicated in tumorigenesis. We deleted both isoforms of Gsk-3 conditionally in the cerebellum by crossing Gsk-3a -/-:Gsk-3β f/f mice with the Math1-cre transgenic line. We found that Gsk-3 deletion markedly reduced proliferation in the cerebellum, in striking contrast to the hyperproliferation induced by GSK-3 deletion in cortical progenitors. Transcription analysis by microarray revealed that hypoplasia was preceded by a strong activation of WNT signaling and up-regulation of CDKN1A (p21). Deleting Gsk-3 in medulloblastoma-prone SmoM2 mice also induced CDKN1A and markedly reduced tumor growth. These data show that GSK-3 is required for SHH-driven proliferation in both normal cerebellar progenitors and in SHH-driven medulloblastomas, where it functions to suppress WNT-mediated induction of CDKN1A. Based on our findings, we will test in our ongoing work whether GSK-3 inhibition, like Gsk-3 deletion, can block medulloblastoma growth, and produce a clinically significant anti-tumor effect.
Religion and psychiatry. A polygon of relationships
Authors: P. W. Pruyser
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In a vague way, relations between religion and psychiatry are as old as civilization, but that observation is as troublesome as it is edifying. For instance, the fact that ancient temple healings of the mentally deranged in Egypt, Greece, and Rome are on record says little more, after some reflection, than that ritual played an important role in ancient medicine, as it did indeed in all walks of life. The 12th-century report of a Jewish traveler who visited Dar-el-Maristan, an asylum for the insane in Bagdad kept up by the caliphate, is intriguing as an instance of religion's concern for the mentally ill, but loses some of its charm when one hears that the patients were chained to the walls in manacles. Upon hearing that, in the 14th century, some European monasteries opened their doors to the care of lunatics, one will rejoice, until one discovers that the regimen for
WORLD DAY FOR LEPROSY SUFFERERS
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The ward sister.
Authors: S M Woodage, H S Sharp, C M Vickery, P Nuttall
Journal: BMJ (1971)

He is right to define his terms and separate psychogeriatric units (which can be any ward with elderly patients with a psychiatric disability) from joint assessment units where psychiatrists and geriatricians work hand in hand and with equal responsibilitv for the same patients.I would disagree with the relative emphasis he places on joint assessment, not in importance, but in the size of the bed allocation.This opinion I base on experience gained in Exeter in the unit for which I am respon'ible in collaboration with two geriatric physicians (Dr.W. B. Wright and Dr. T. H. Simpson).I must therefore out-
The decedent affairs office. A unique centralized service
Authors: A. K. Haque
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The success of a centralized decedent affairs office depends on support by clinicians, the department chairman, and hospital administration. The benefits to the institution include improved public relations with a decedent's family, compliance with state and federal laws, increased organ donations, and better risk management programs. The only drawback of establishing such an office is the additional personnel necessary for 24-hour coverage. However, modifications in the functions and staffing levels of a decedent affairs office may be made, depending on the needs of individual institutions. We hypothesized that consent for autopsy would be easier to obtain and cause less emotional upheaval for family members if procedures were well established and specially trained individuals were involved in the process. With these ideas in mind, we established a decedent affairs office at The University of Texas Medical Branch in 1984. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:1397-1399)
Suppression of Lactation by Testosterone
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Poems
Authors: Paula Tatarunis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Ad Libitum18 April 2000New PoemsPaula Tatarunis, MDPaula Tatarunis, MDWaltham, MA 02453 (Tatarunis)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-8-200004180-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The poem nurses are far too busy with the numberless offspring... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Waltham, MA 02453 (Tatarunis)Corresponding Author: Paula Tatarunis, MD, 23 Willow Street, Waltham, MA 02453. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 April 2000Volume 132, Issue 8Page: 674KeywordsBirthRiversShouldersZoonoses ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 18 April 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Activity and epigenetic determinants of sensitivity to temozolomide in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Authors: S. S. Parekh, V. Leschenko, A. Melnick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

8561 Background: Temozolomide (TMZ) has clinical activity in gliomas and more recently primary CNS lymphomas. We therefore proposed to evaluate cytotoxicity of TMZ in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines and murine xenograft models. Aberrant methylation of methyl-guanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) has been shown to determine sensitivity of gliomas to TMZ. We hypothesize whether a similar mechanism may possibly determine sensitivity to TMZ in lymphoma and whether modulation of MGMT could be used to overcome drug resistance in DLBCL. Methods: Fifteen DLBCL cell lines were treated with TMZ (25uM - 1.5mM). Cytotoxicity was measured using CellTiter Blue Assay and trypan blue exclusion. To determine whether MGMT depletion could circumvent drug resistance, we treated chemo-refractory SUDHL4 cells with multi-day low-dose schedules of TMZ with corresponding MGMT measurements. Then, to evaluate DNA hypomethylation by Decitabine (DAC) as a mechanism of sensitizing cells to TMZ, we pre-treated SUDHL4 cells with low doses of DAC (0.1- 1 um) and then TMZ. Samples were analyzed for methylation of CpG sites within the MGMT gene promoter using MassARRAY, a MALDI- TOF mass-spectrometric system for the detection and quantitative analysis of DNA methylation. Results: TMZ has activity in DLBCL lines with IC50s in range expected by oral administration of the drug. There is significant methylation of the MGMT promotor in the chemo- resistant SUDHL4 cells as compared to chemo-sensitive LY1 cells. All DLBCL cell lines were tested for known markers for TMZ resistance and found to be MSI stable. Depletion of MGMT by repeated doses of TMZ overcomes resistance in chemo-refractory DLBCLs. DNA hypo- methylation by DAC sensitizes chemo-refractory SUDHL4 cells to TMZ. Conclusions: TMZ has activity in DLBCL cell lines, especially at current multi-day dosing schedules. Modulation of MGMT expression and methylation overcomes chemo-resistance in these cells with excellent cell kill even at low doses. MGMT expression or MSI status are poor predictors of sensitivity to TMZ in DLBCL but MGMT promoter methylation may identify a subset of chemo-sensitive DLBCLs. We expect the cell line and murine experiments to provide evidence to support a clinical trial of TMZ in DLBCL patients. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Schering-Plough
Design Options and Methodological Fallacies in the Studies of Reproductive Failures
Authors: Jorn Olsen, Torsten Skov
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Reproductive failures are at first sight well suited for epidemiologic research.The time of pregnancy is closely monitored, and failures such as spontaneous abortions and subfecundity are rather frequent.Although epidemiologists' interest in the field has been growing, there is still disappointingly little new information of relevance for prevention.A number of methodologic shortcomings may explain this.A large part of disease classification is not well suited for etiologic research, reduced fertility has diminished the populations at risk, close medical monitoring tends to mask causal links, and many scientific problems related to this area bring limitations to the research field.Still, much more could be learned from a systematic use of epidemiologic knowledge, existing registers, and the joint effort between different research groups.
Limits of teacher delivered sex education: interim behavioural outcomes from randomised trial
Journal: BMJ (2002)

vaccinationists, it is important to understand that they have deeply held beliefs, often of a spiritual or philosophical nature, 11 and these beliefs have remained remarkably constant over the better part of two centuries.The movement encompasses a wide range of individuals, from a few who express conspiracy theories, to educated, well informed consumers of health care, who often have a complex rationale for their beliefs, related to a "mixture of world views held about the environment, healing, holism . . .and a critical reading of the scientific and alternative literature." 12 Vaccination is unique among de facto mandatory requirements in the modern era, requiring individuals to accept the injection of a medicine or medicinal agent into their bodies, and it has provoked a spirited opposition.This opposition began with the first vaccinations, has not ceased, and probably never will.From this realisation arises a difficult issue: how should the mainstream medical authorities approach the anti-vaccination movement?A passive reaction could be construed as endangering the health of society, whereas a heavy handed approach can threaten the values of individual liberty and freedom of expression that we cherish.This creative tension will not leave us and cannot be cured by force alone.
Comments on "Drinking Water Arsenic in Utah: A Cohort Mortality Study"
Authors: Cristina Villanueva, Manolis Kogevinas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

ConclusionsThe letter written by Heinze (1) has seri- ous shortcomings.Heinze wrote that There is not a single study of healthy men from any fertility center or sperm bank that has reported a decline in sperm counts in the United States.This is not true.A number of such studies exist.Leto and Frensilli (2) documented a decline in sperm counts in potential sperm donors from all over the United States in a longitudinal study.Heinze stated thatA study by MacLeod and Wang (3) indicates that sperm counts have remained constant in New York since 1938.That study was dated 1979 and was on men ascertained at a fertility center.Although their sperm counts were stable over the years preceding 1979, it does not necessarily follow that sperm counts of fertile men were stable too.
Abstract P028: The Influence of Exercise Dose, Exercise Intensity, and Weight Loss on C-reactive Protein in Sedentary Overweight Women
Authors: Patricia K Tuite, Lora E Burke, Paul M Coen, Richard Henker, John M Jakicic
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor associated with heart disease and an increased inflammatory state. Reducing weight and increasing physical activity have been shown to decrease heart disease risk. There is increasing evidence that weight loss leads to a reduced inflammatory state; however, there is less evidence on the combined role of weight loss and different doses of exercise. Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of exercise on change in high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in overweight and obese women in a 6-month behavioral weight loss program. Methods: The parent study was a randomized trial testing different doses of exercise in a behavioral weight loss program. The sample (N = 182) consisted of sedentary overweight women with a mean (SD) age of 37.5 (±5.7) years and a baseline body mass index (BMI) of 32.7 (±4.2) kg/m 2 . Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 exercise groups based on energy expenditure (1000 kcal/week or 2000 kcal/week) and intensity (vigorous vs. moderate). Groups included: vigorous intensity/high dose; vigorous intensity/moderate dose; moderate intensity/moderate dose; and moderate intensity/high dose. The dietary component included an energy restricted diet of 1200 kcal/day or 1500 kcal/day based on weight at baseline; daily fat intake recommendation was 20%-30% of total energy intake. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in hs-CRP levels between dose of exercise, moderate vs. high, (F=0.330, p=0.58) or level of intensity, moderate vs. vigorous (F=0.118, p=0.731). However, there was a significant decrease in hs-CRP from baseline to 6 months (F=25.553, p&lt;0.0004). There was a significant 3 way interaction between energy expenditure, intensity, and time (baseline to 6-month) (F=4.035, p=0.035); post hoc analysis revealed a significant decrease in hs-CRP in the moderate/high (p&lt;0.0004) and vigorous/moderate groups (p=0.004). The results were unchanged after controlling for the change in body weight, body fatness, or body distribution. The change in hs-CRP was not significantly correlated with the change in body weight, percent body fat, waist circumference, or self-reported physical activity. The hs-CRP at 6 months was correlated with 6-month measures of weight, BMI, percent body fat, and fat distribution (p&lt;0.0004). Conclusions: The level of hs-CRP was reduced in overweight and obese women in response to a 6-month weight loss intervention that included a prescribed increase in energy expenditure and reduction in energy intake. We observed a significant reduction in the moderate intensity/high dose and vigorous intensity/moderate dose exercise groups, suggesting that at least a moderate level of exercise is needed to affect hs-CRP levels. Further research is needed to better determine the dose of exercise needed to reduce markers of inflammation.
Applications of Proteomics to Lab Diagnosis
Authors: Raghothama Chaerkady, Akhilesh Pandey
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2007)

Detailed and comprehensive characterization of proteins is a major goal of proteomics. This goal has become more realistic today with the latest high-resolution mass spectrometers capable of faster sequencing in a high-throughput fashion and with the emergence of new techniques such as protein and peptide microarrays. A promising area for discovery is the application of these advanced mass spectrometric and other quantitative proteomic methodologies to laboratory diagnosis. This review focuses on the role of proteomics in the development of new laboratory diagnostics and the implications for routine diagnosis and monitoring of diseases.