tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bile canalicular vesicles are markedly decreased in MDR2 knockout mice: Electron microscopy of cryofixed liver VC Hatch, AK Groen, RPJ Oude Elferink. Pathology, Brigham &amp; Women's Hospital, Harvard Med. School, Boston, MA; Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

This study examined the effects of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on human pulp cells and the involvement of cyclic 3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP) in pulpal protection induced by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) against NO-induced cytotoxicity.This study investigated cytotoxicity and HO-1 induction in pulp cells induced by the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d,l-penicillamine (SNAP), by using Western blotting and a cell viability assay. It also investigated whether HO-1 contributes to the cytoprotective effect against the cytotoxicity caused by NO and the relationship between HO-1 and cGMP in the signaling pathway.S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d,l-penicillamine decreased cell viability, but increased HO-1 expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in human pulp cells. NO-induced cytotoxicity was inhibited in the presence of hemin (inducer of HO-1), whereas it was enhanced in the presence of zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP IX, HO-1 inhibitor); therefore, the NO-induced cytotoxicity was correlated with HO-1 expression. Pretreatment with a membrane-permeable cGMP analog, 8-bromo-cGMP, restored cell death and enhanced the HO-1 protein expression induced by SNAP. By contrast, 1 mM SNAP inhibited guanylate cyclase in pulp cells pretreated with 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazole[4,3-α]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), resulting in marked cytotoxicity.These findings of a link between HO-1, regulated via the cGMP system and NO-induced cytotoxicity in human pulp cells, suggest a protective role for HO-1 in pulpal inflammation.
Primary subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersCoeliac Disease: Study of 10 adults with proved childhood disease indicates desirability of periodic follow-up, as malnutrition may occur and gluten-free diet may be required (p. 7).Insanity and Tumours: Three cases of menin- giomata in which presenting symptoms were psy- chiatric, and true lesion remained undiagnosed for 3, 25, and 43 years respectively (p. 9).Geriatric Services: Admission to inappropriate hospital service was uncommon in this study and did not materially affect outcome.Frequency of coexistence of mental and physical disorders in the elderly was confirmed (p. 16).Proithetogenic Mastitis: Report of three cases, two after silicone injections and one after poly- thene implantation (p. 19).Anaemia and Hiatus Hernia: Patients with symptomatic anaemia showed higher level of iron absorption and a higher daily gastrointestinal blood loss than in those with normal haemo- globin values (p. 22).Penicillin Anaemia: High dosage of penicillin causing haemolytic anaemia (p.26).Leader at p. 4. Focal Myocytolysis: This form of myocardial damage, of unknown cause, found in 8 % of patients dying of intracranial lesions, and might be the reason for E.C.G. changes (p.29).Cerebral Malaria: Successfully treated with intravenous dexamethasone, conventional therapy having failed (p.31).Case Reports: Acute cardiomyopathy 28 days after sulphadimidine therapy (p. 33); renal infarcts in sickle-cell trait (p.34); infra- cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (p.35).Large Bowel Cancer: Clinical features, treat- ment, and prognosis (p. 37).Today's Drugs: Novobiocin, fucidin, and vancomycin (p.40).
John Wolcot, MD (1738-1819). Peter Pindar, the satirist
Authors: W. B. Ober
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Alexandert the "life of L a Wit is a warfare upon earth." Few better examples could be found to illustrate Pope's semiautobiographical remark than the life of John Wolcot (1738-1819), who started his professional life as a physician, had a brief inglorious fling at being a clergyman, returned to the practice of medicine, and finally abandoned it for the life of a satirist. He wrote under the pseudonym of Peter Pindar, and his satires on art, literature, and politics dominated English satire from 1782, much as James Gillray's caricatures were preeminent during the same period. The true goal of satire, according to Dryden, is "the amendment of Vices by correction," or as Defoe phrased it, "The end of satyr is reformation." Satire, or at least social protest, was not new to English poetry; literary historians can trace its presence back before Chaucer, but it remained for Donne, Marston, and Hall
Antibiotic usage in a pediatric medical center
Authors: S. H. Naqvi
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Antibiotic usage in a large pediatric teaching hospital was evaluated during a three-month period. A total of 1,067 patients received antibiotics and 295 patient records were reviewed. One hundred sixty-nine courses of antibiotics were administered to surgical patients, 77% for surgical prophylaxis. One hundred forty-seven antibiotic courses administered to medical patients were therapeutic in 61.2% and in 35.3% were given because of suspicion of infection. Ampicillin was the most commonly used antibiotic; cephalosporins were used for surgical prophylaxis. Aminoglycosides were used commonly for suspected infection in medical patients. Antibiotic management was inappropriate in 66% of surgical patients and in 21% of medical patients. Not obtaining appropriate studies prior to and during therapy were common infractions on all services. Surgical prophylaxis was frequently inappropriate by reason of no indication, wrong drug or dose, or inappropriate timing. (<i>JAMA</i>242:1981-1984, 1979)
CPR-Not-Indicated and Futility
Authors: David B. Waisel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 January 1996CPR-Not-Indicated and FutilityDavid B. Waisel, MD and Robert D. Truog, MDDavid B. Waisel, MDWilford Hall Medical Center; Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236Children's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author and Robert D. Truog, MDWilford Hall Medical Center; Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236Children's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate the thoughtful comments of the readers. Several, however, seem to misunderstand our position. We completely agree that “physiologic futility” is not value free. We also completely agree that “futility policies” that are based on the concept of physiologic futility will be useful only in very few cases.Our central point is that any concept of futility implies an objectivity and neutrality toward values that is misleading. Although the notion of “physiologic futility” perhaps comes closest to achieving these features, we recognize that it is also inherently flawed.We certainly agree with the readers that many of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David B. Waisel, MD; Robert D. Truog, MDAffiliations: Wilford Hall Medical Center; Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236Children's Hospital; Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 77 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Safety of synthetic and biological DMARDs: a systematic literature review informing the 2016 update of the EULAR recommendations for management of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sofia Ramiro, Alexandre Sepriano, Katerina Chatzidionysiou, Jackie L Nam, Josef S Smolen, Désirée van der Heijde, Maxime Dougados, Ronald van Vollenhoven, Johannes W Bijlsma, Gerd R Burmester, Marieke Scholte-Voshaar, Louise Falzon, Robert B M Landewé
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

Objectives To assess the safety of synthetic (s) and biological (b) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to inform the European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for the management of RA. Methods Systematic literature review (SLR) of observational studies comparing any DMARD with another intervention for the management of patients with RA. All safety outcomes were included. A comparator group was required for the study to be included. Risk of bias was assessed with the Hayden's tool. Results Twenty-six observational studies addressing diverse safety outcomes of therapy with bDMARDs met eligibility criteria (15 on serious infections, 4 on malignancies). Substantial heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Together with the evidence from the 2013 SLR, based on 15 studies, 7 at low risk of bias, patients on bDMARDs compared with patients on conventional sDMARDs had a higher risk of serious infections (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.1 to 1.8)—without differences across bDMARDs—a higher risk of tuberculosis (aHR 2.7 to 12.5), but no increased risk of infection by herpes zoster. Patients on bDMARDs did not have an increased risk of malignancies in general, lymphoma or non-melanoma skin cancer, but the risk of melanoma may be slightly increased (aHR 1.5). Conclusions These findings confirm the known safety pattern of bDMARDs, including both tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor (TNFi) and non-TNFi, for the treatment of RA.
CO-EDUCATION AND RACE SUICIDE.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prognostic Factors for Malignant Transformation in Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
Authors: C. Cesana
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the natural history of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), identify early predictors of evolution, and assess whether associated conditions correlate with disease progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 1,231 consecutive patients with either MGUS (n = 1,104) or SMM (n = 127) diagnosed from July 1975 to March 1998 were included in the study. Cumulative survival probability and cumulative probability of transformation into lymphoproliferative disease were calculated by means of the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to identify possible predictors of malignant evolution. RESULTS: Cumulative transformation probability at 10 and 15 years was 14% and 30%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 65 months (range, 12 to 239 months), 64 MGUS cases (5.8%) evolved to multiple myeloma (MM) (n = 43), extramedullary plasmacytoma (n = 1), primary amyloidosis (n = 1), Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (n = 12), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (n = 6), and B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n = 1). At a median follow-up of 72 months (range, 12 to 247 months), 25 SMMs (19.7%) evolved to overt MM. A lower evolution risk was observed in MGUS than in SMM (P < .0001). Greater than 5% marrow plasmacytosis, detectable Bence Jones proteinuria, polyclonal serum immunoglobulin reduction, and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were independent factors influencing MGUS transformation. SMM progression correlated with greater than 10% marrow plasma cells, detectable Bence Jones proteinuria, and immunoglobulin (Ig) A isotype. Neither concomitant diseases nor immunosuppression correlated with progression. CONCLUSION: Careful evaluation of marrow plasmacytosis, urinary paraprotein, background immunoglobulins, ESR, and paraprotein isotype might help identify at presentation patients with benign monoclonal gammopathies requiring stricter monitoring.
Attributes of Successful Smoking Cessation Interventions in Medical Practice
Authors: Thomas E. Kottke
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Meta-analysis was used to examine 108 intervention comparisons in 39 controlled smoking cessation trials. Type of intervention (face-to-face advice being better than all others), type of intervenor (both physician and nonphysician counselors better than either alone), the number of reinforcing sessions, and the duration of reinforcing sessions were related to success six months after the initiation of intervention. The number of modalities used by the intervention predicted success with borderline statistical significance. Multivariate analysis predicted that a team of physicians and nonphysicians using multiple intervention modalities to deliver individualized advice on multiple occasions would produce the best result. Program success 12 months after the initiation of intervention was related to the type of intervention session (group and individual sessions combined better than either alone), the number of intervention modalities, and the number of reinforcing sessions. With multivariate adjustment for confounding, the number of intervention modalities alone had a positive association with intervention success. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2882-2889)
CONGRESS ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medicare (Dis)Advantage?
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Death of Dr. Henry A. Martin, of Boston.
Journal: JAMA (1885)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effect of Outdoor Fungal Spore Concentrations on Daily Asthma Severity
Authors: Ralph J. Delfino, Robert S. Zeiger, James M. Seltzer, Donald H. Street, Renee M. Matteucci, Patrick R. Anderson, Petros Koutrakis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The relationship between day-to-day changes in asthma severity and combined exposures to community air pollutants and aeroallergens remains to be clearly defined. We examined the effects of outdoor air pollutants, fungi, and pollen on asthma. Twenty-two asthmatics ages 9-46 years were followed for 8 weeks (9 May-3 July 1994) in a semirural Southern California community around the air inversion base elevation (1,200 ft). Daily diary responses included asthma symptom severity (6 levels), morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR), and as-needed beta-agonist inhaler use. Exposures included 24-hr outdoor concentrations of fungi, pollen, and particulate matter with a diameter < 10 microns (PM10; maximum = 51 micrograms/m3) and 12-hour day-time personal ozone (O3) measurements (90th percentile = 38 ppb). Random effects longitudinal regression models controlled for autocorrelation and weather. Higher temperatures were strongly protective, probably due to air conditioning use and diminished indoor allergens during hot, dry periods. Controlling for weather, total fungal spore concentrations were associated with all outcomes: per minimum to 90th percentile increase of nearly 4,000 spores/m3, asthma symptom scores increased 0.36 (95% CI, 0.16-0.56), inhaler use increased 0.33 puffs (95% CI, -0.02-0.69), and evening PEFR decreased 12.1 l/min (95% CI, -1.8-22.3). These associations were greatly enhanced by examining certain fungal types (e.g., Alternaria, basidiospores, and hyphal fragments) and stratifying on 16 asthmatics allergic to tested deuteromycete fungi. There were no significant associations to low levels of pollen or O3, but inhaler use was associated with PM10 (0.15 inhaler puffs/10 micrograms/m3; p < 0.02). These findings suggest that exposure to fungal spores can adversely effect the daily respiratory status of some asthmatics.
Predicting Risk for Prolonged High INR after Too Much Anticoagulation
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients18 September 2001Predicting Risk for Prolonged High INR after Too Much AnticoagulationSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00003 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Warfarin is a drug that “thins the blood” by interfering with normal blood clotting (anticoagulation). It is given to prevent blood clots in the legs, lungs, heart, and brain. Patients who take warfarin need routine blood tests to see whether their blood is “too thin,” a condition that can cause serious bleeding. The test that best measures warfarin's actions is the international normalized ratio (INR). Patients with too much anticoagulation have high INRs and high risk for bleeding. If the INR is greater than 5.0, warfarin treatment is ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Clinical Predictors of Prolonged Delay in Return of the International Normalized Ratio to within the Therapeutic Range after Excessive Anticoagulation with Warfarin.” It is in the 18 September 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 135, pages 393-400). The authors are EM Hylek, S Regan, AS Go, RA Hughes, DE Singer, and SJ Skates.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoClinical Predictors of Prolonged Delay in Return of the International Normalized Ratio to within the Therapeutic Range after Excessive Anticoagulation with Warfarin Elaine M. Hylek , Susan Regan , Alan S. Go , Robert A. Hughes , Daniel E. Singer , and Steven J. Skates Metrics 18 September 2001Volume 135, Issue 6Page: I-37KeywordsBlood coagulationCancer risk factorsDrugsHeartHeart failureHematologic testsHemorrhageInternational normalized ratioLungsThrombosis ePublished: 18 September 2001 Issue Published: 18 September 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...