tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Experimental Airborne Infections for Monitoring Altered Host Defenses
Authors: Donald E. Gardner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The success or failure of the respiratory system to defend itself against airborne infectious agents largely depends upon the efficiency of the pulmonary defenses to maintain sterility and to dispose of unwanted substances. Both specific and nonspecific host defenses cooperate in the removal and inactivation of such agents. Several studies have shown that these defenses are vulnerable to a wide range of environmental agents and that there is a good relationship between exposure to pollutant and the impaired resistance to pulmonary disease. There are numerous immunological, biochemical and physiological techniques that are routinely used to identify and to characterize individual impairments of these defenses. Based on these effects, various hypotheses are proposed as to what health consequences could be expected from these effects. The ultimate test is whether the host, with its compromised defense mechanisms, is still capable of sustaining the total injury and continuing to defend itself against opportunistic pathogens. This paper describes the use of an experimental airborne infectious disease model capable of predicting subtle changes in host defenses at concentrations below which there are any other overt toxicological effects. Such sensitivity is possible because the model measure not just a single "health" parameter, but instead is capable of reflecting the total responses caused by the test chemical.
Influence of subsalicylate bismuth on absorption of doxycycline
Authors: C. D. Ericsson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The influence of a typical 60-mL dose of subsalicylate bismuth (Pepto-Bismol) on the absorption of 200 mg of orally administered doxycycline hyclate was studied. Bioavailability of doxycycline was significantly reduced by 37% and 51%, respectively, when subsalicylate bismuth was given simultaneously and as a multiple-dose regimen before doxycycline. Peak serum concentrations of doxycycline were significantly decreased when subsalicylate bismuth was given two hours before doxycycline but not when given two hours after doxycycline. Subsalicylate bismuth should not be taken when doxycycline is used for therapeutic purposes, and we suggest travelers should not take the two agents together in an effort to prevent diarrhea. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2266-2267)
Less Noise, Better Health
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Graduate medical education in the United States
Authors: A. E. Crowley
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<i>This section is a reprint from the 1983-1984</i>Directory of Accredited Residency Training Programs. <h3>INTRODUCTION</h3> This annual report on graduate medical education in the United States contains data on number of residency programs by specialty and by region, number of positions offered, number of trainees by specialty and by region, and number of foreign medical graduates in each specialty and in each state and information on the ethnic background and on the citizenship of trainees. This edition also contains some trend information, with comparable 1980, 1981, and 1982 statistics. <h3>METHODOLOGY</h3> The accreditation actions of the Residency Review Committees and of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) are recorded monthly. Statistical information on graduate medical education in the United States is collected annually by means of two surveys, one of program directors and one of institutions and agencies that participate to a significant extent in graduate medical education. In
Fat Transport in Lipoproteins — An Integrated Approach to Mechanisms and Disorders
Authors: Donald S. Fredrickson, Robert I. Levy, Robert S. Lees
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

HyperlipoproteinemiaDefinitionsUp to this point we have concentrated on laying the support for 2 generalizations. The first is that, with the exception of free fatty acid concentrations, which have no lipoprotein equivalents, all abnormalities in plasma lipid concentrations or dyslipidemia can be translated into dyslipoproteinemia. The second is that the shift of emphasis to lipoproteins offers distinct advantages in the recognition and management of such disorders. We have already discussed the relatively few cases in which hypolipoproteinemia is a clinical problem, and the remainder of the review will be devoted to hyperlipoproteinemia.Hyperlipoproteinemia (hyperlipidemia) falls into 2 . . .
Mandatory vs permissive licensure for nurses
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LIEBEL-FLARSHEIM DUAL WAVE SW-550, ACCEPTABLE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
American Cancer Society National Conference on Urologic Cancer—1986
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

American Cancer Society National Conference on Urologic Cancer—1986 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 76, Issue 1, January 1986, Page 165, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/76.1.165-b Published: 01 January 1986
Ash Wednesday
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CHLOROFORM AND ITS DANGER.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reader Bias
Authors: Richard Owen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<i>BIAS</i>is defined as any process at any stage of inference that tends to produce results or conclusions that differ systematically from the truth.<sup>1</sup>Inference is the mental process whereby one uses specifics (eg, the results of a study) to support a generalization. By tradition, one confines the formal discussion of biases to those that originate in the inference performed by the investigator. I will call this form of faulty inference<i>investigator, bias</i>. Thirty-five investigator biases have been defined and catalogued.<sup>2</sup>But bias, as defined previously, may also occur during the inference conducted by the reader; I'll call this form of bias<i>reader bias</i>. Thus, the defining feature of these two classes of bias is their source—investigator bias arising from the investigator (or his investigation) and reader bias from the reader. A second important difference lies in how these two types of bias are avoided or remedied. Usually,
THE DEATH OF DR. ALBERT DAY.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Eighty-Five Day Postexposure Follow-Up Study in Fischer 344 Rats after Repeated Exposures to Methyl Isocyanate Vapor
Authors: Edward H. Fowler, Darol E. Dodd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The objectives of this study were to describe the microscopic lesions in the respiratory tract of Fischer 344 rats as a result of 4- or 8-days exposure (6 hr/day) of 3 ppm MIC and to characterize the postexposure development of these lesions up to day 85. All rats survived the exposure regimen, although significant decreases in body weight and encrustation of the eyes, nose, or mouth were observed. During the first 15 days of postexposure, the rats were hypoactive and had increased respiratory rates. Male mortality was as high as 63%; only 5% of the MIC-exposed females died. The cause of death was interpreted to be respiratory compromise complicated by anorexia and probably dehydration as well. During the next 28 postexposure days, 48% of the male survivors died, while only 3% of the female survivors died. Throughout the 85-day postexposure period, body weight gains in the MIC-treated groups were consistently below control values. Inflammatory and squamous metaplastic lesions of the respiratory tract, observed the day following completion of either the 4- or 8-day exposure regimen, decreased in both frequency and/or severity in survivors of the 85-day postexposure period, indicating recovery from the cytotoxic and irritating effects of MIC vapor. The squamous metaplastic epithelium was replaced by regenerative epithelium beginning in the deeper portion of the respiratory tract.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Progress in measles elimination
Authors: A. R. Hinman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

IN APRIL 1977, the then Secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (now the Department of Health and Human Services), Joseph A. Califano, Jr, announced a nationwide childhood immunization initiative that sought to raise immunization levels in the nation's children to at least 90% by October 1979 and sought to maintain these immunization levels thereafter. In October 1978, encouraged by the impressive initial gains made in the childhood immunization initiative, Secretary Califano announced a new initiative: the elimination of indigenous measles from the United States by Oct 1, 1982. Previous articles<sup>1,2</sup>have described the epidemiologic and operational history behind this effort and have presented a detailed analysis of the current features of measles epidemiology in the United States. The purpose of this article is to summarize progress that has been made toward the elimination of measles in the three years since announcement of the initiative. <h3>Present Status of</h3>
SECTION OF DERMATOLOGY
Authors: W. N. Goldsmith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1951)

Journal Article SECTION OF DERMATOLOGY Get access W. N. Goldsmith W. N. Goldsmith Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 12, 1 December 1951, Pages 456–465, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1951.tb13683.x Published: 01 December 1951
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Predicting surgical risk is difficult, and patient counseling depends on accurate assessment of postoperative risk.In this study of 152 surgical and medical residents, Healy and coauthors demonstrated that residents did not differ significantly in their prediction of postoperative complications.However, both groups similarly overestimated risk when compared with risk-adjusted models from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.
Leads from the MMWR. Selenium intoxication--New York
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Arterial ketone body ratio in liver surgery
Authors: K Matsushita
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

To evaluate the relevance of the hypothesis that the arterial ketone body ratio (acetoacetate/β-hydroxybutyrate) can reflect the liver mitochondrial redox potential, we investigated the influence of ketone body metabolism in peripheral tissues on the arterial ketone body ratio during conditions in which no ketone body was available to the systemic circulation: during total clamping of the hepatoduodenal ligament in 37 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy and during the anhepatic phase in 14 liver transplant recipients. Changes in both the arterial acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and arterial ketone body ratio varied markedly from patient to patient after clamping. Among 20 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and associated chronic liver disease, arterial ketone body ratio 15 min after clamping was higher in 11 and lower in 9 than that before clamping. Of the remaining 17 patients with other types of tumor, arterial ketone body ratio was increased in 10 and decreased in 7 after clamping. Similar changes were observed in 14 recipients during the anhepatic phase of liver transplantation. Arterial ketone body ratio was increased in 7 recipients during the anhepatic phase compared with that at laparotomy, whereas it was lowered in the remaining 7. These results indicate that each of the two types of ketone body is metabolized in extrahepatic tissues to a different extent, varying among individual patients and disease conditions. We conclude that arterial ketone body ratio does not solely reflect the ratio of the amounts of acetoacetate to β-hydroxybutyrate produced by the liver. This may make it difficult to use arterial ketone body ratio as an accurate parameter representing the redox state in liver mitochondria. (Hepatology 1994;20:331–335.)
Reply:
Authors: David McPherson
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

The above letter is very timely. It presents data demonstrating that subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have increased atheroma mass, as demonstrated by an increased carotid intima-medial thickness (IMT) when compared to controls. Carotid IMT is another marker of atheroma progression. While abnormalities of flow-mediated vasodilation identify early mechanical abnormalities in the arterial wall, IMT tends to demonstrate later atherosclerotic structural abnormalities. Interestingly, an IMT < 0.87 mm carries a low odds ratio of coronary heart disease, and an IMT ≥ 1.10 carries a high odds ratio of coronary heart disease: IMTs found by these authors in their controls and subjects with NAFLD.1 Although no specific structural characterization of the increased IMT (fatty infiltration, fibrofatty disease, or fibrocalcific) is made by the authors, it would seem that these patients most likely will have fatty and fibrofatty infiltrates. The fatty atheroma components are amenable to therapy. Therefore, patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease having either altered flow-mediated vasodilation or increased carotid IMT could be candidates for aggressive treatment of the liver disease, cholesterol lowering, and treatment of any related metabolic syndromes. This would help to modify and potentially decrease atheroma mass and progression. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating cardiovascular risk and cardiovascular disease in patients diagnosed with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. David McPherson*, * Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.