tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ECHO Meningitis
Authors: H. S. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I am impelled to comment on the exchange in Questions and Answers, Nov. 26, 1960, page 1762, on ECHO meningitis. The extent to which the answer was not responsive can be emphasized by rephrasing the question. I think the question is as follows: A. Given a good physician who (1) establishes diagnosis precisely (ECHO 9 infection) and (2) knows medicine's limitations in virus prophylaxis therapy (there is no ECHO 9 infection phophylaxis treatment now); and B. Given co-workers who are poorly educated in health matters (coaches) and questionably competent in administration related to health (principal) C. What can be done? "M.D., Pennsylvania," would have been better served if the answer had been something like this: A. Your diagnostic precision and therapeutic knowledge are commendable by present standards of finest medical practice. B. Your principal should have his confidence in the professional competence of his school physician reaffirmed.
Comment
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

It is of interest to note that despite the treatment of thousands of cases of carcinoma of the cervix by surgical and radiotherapeutic means, a randomized study has not been presented in the literature to clearly demonstrate the superiority of one treatment method as compared to the other. Since the ethics of such a study are beyond question in early stage carcinoma of the cervix, a question to ask is why the absence of a definitive study, considering the cooperation achieved in many large centers between the gynecological and radiological disciplines. The answer is that the sampling and cross section of patients are different. This factor of selection has been recently stressed by Kottmeier,<sup>9</sup>in that patients at different centers chosen for surgery as contrasted to radiotherapy are not of equal clinical quality. This is already apparent in a well-designed study at the University of Michigan,<sup>10</sup>in which
A revolution in medical care
Authors: W. C. Bornemeier
Journal: JAMA (1970)

I am sure that all of us were fascinated in our youth by Washington Irving's story of Rip Van Winkle. When I first read it, I thought the amazing part was that Rip could sleep for 20 years. Now I know the really amazing part was that he slept through a revolution. When Rip went to sleep, we were a British Colony. When he awakened, the nation was a republic. We are living through a revolution in health care, and I am sure that physicians, the press, and the community are well aware of it. In this address I shall consider some of its causes and effects, and propose some fundamental possible solutions to the problems this revolution has created. Medical care changed from an art to a science during the transition from the preantibiotic days before World War II, to the gradual emergence of antibiotics in abundance. The famous
Larotrectinib efficacy and safety in adult TRK fusion cancer patients.
Authors: David S. Hong, Shivaani Kummar, Anna F. Farago, Ulrik Niels Lassen, Jordan Berlin, Russell J. Schilder, Raymond S. McDermott, Jyoti D. Patel, Afshin Dowlati, Robert Charles Doebele, Daniel Shao-Weng Tan, James J. Lee, Shivani Nanda, Barrett H. Childs, Nora Ku, Alexander E. Drilon, David Michael Hyman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

3122 Background: A broad range of pediatric and adult malignancies harbor TRK fusions involving the NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3 genes. The highly-selective TRK inhibitor, larotrectinib, has previously shown a high overall response rate (ORR) and a favorable safety profile in patients (pts) with TRK fusion cancer. To better delineate efficacy in adults, as pediatric pts have a particularly high ORR, here we report updated efficacy and safety data from the adult subset of pts with TRK fusion cancer treated with larotrectinib. Methods: Adult pts (aged 18 or older) with TRK fusion cancer detected by local testing in 2 larotrectinib clinical trials (NCT02122913 and NCT02576431) were analyzed. Larotrectinib was administered 100 mg PO BID until disease progression, withdrawal, or unacceptable toxicity. Disease status was assessed by both investigator (INV) and independent assessment (IRC) using RECIST v1.1. Results: As of July 30, 2018, 83 adults (median age: 57 y, range 20–80 y) with TRK fusion cancer had been treated. Cancer types included salivary gland (23%) and thyroid cancer (19%), soft tissue sarcoma (14%), lung cancer (13%), colon cancer and melanoma (7% each), GIST (5%), and bone sarcoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and appendiceal, breast, and pancreas cancer (≤2% each). TRK fusions involved NTRK1 (40%), NTRK2 (2%), and NTRK3 (57%). 77% of pts had received prior systemic therapy (median lines: 2, range 0–10). In 74 pts evaluable per INV, the ORR was 76% with 9% CR, 57% confirmed PR, 9% PR pending confirmation, 12% SD, 11% PD, and 1% not determined; 9 pts were non-evaluable (NE) due to lack of post-baseline assessment. In 65 pts evaluable per IRC, the ORR was 68% with 17% CR, 51% PR, 15% SD, 12% PD, and 5% NE. With a median follow up of 17.2 and 17.5 mo per INV and IRC, respectively, the median duration of response had not been reached (ranges identical: 1.9+ to 38.7+ months). At data cutoff, 63% remained on treatment; 30% had discontinued due to disease progression. Adverse events were mostly grade 1–2. Conclusions: Larotrectinib demonstrated robust tumor-agnostic efficacy and a favorable safety profile in adult pts with TRK fusion cancer. These results support testing for TRK fusion cancer in pts with advanced solid tumors, regardless of site of primary diagnosis. Clinical trial information: NCT02122913 and NCT02576431.
A UNIFORM CLASSIFICATION FOR HEALTH STATISTICS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thromboangiitis obliterans of the transverse colon
Authors: I. L. Sachs
Journal: JAMA (1977)

THROMBOANGIITIS obliterans (TAO) is a rare occlusive vascular disease first described by Buerger in 1908.<sup>1</sup>Later, Buerger noted that vascular obliteration could include mesenteric vessels as well. Nevertheless, gastrointestinal involvement remains largely unknown; for instance, no mention was made of abdominal manifestations of Buerger's disease in a recent symposium.<sup>2</sup>Since Buerger's description of mesenteric involvement (1924), only three cases describing involvement of the colon have been added.<sup>3,4</sup>We present an additional case of TAO involving the colon, emphasizing involvement of the mesenteric circulation in Buerger's disease. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 45-year-old man was admitted to St Luke's Episcopal Hospital (Houston) because of constant left upper quadrant abdominal pain. He also had intermittent claudication on walking and anorexia, with a 14-kg weight loss during the previous year. He had smoked two packages of cigarettes daily for 30 years. Physical examination showed cachexia and left upper quadrant abdominal
Psychiatric Consultations on a Medical Ward
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P2-06-14: The role of SLC7A5 (LAT1) in endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer
Authors: CM Sevigny, S Sengupta, Z Luo, L Jin, D Pearce, R Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Endocrine therapies are commonly used to treat estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers, which comprise 70% of all new breast cancer cases. Unfortunately, emergence of resistance to these therapies presents a major clinical challenge. Cancer cells can adapt to the dysregulation of cellular metabolism induced by endocrine therapy in order to evade cell death.Central to this adaptation is the scavenging of free-formed amino acids from the tumor microenvironment. For example, we found 109 solute carrier (SLC) mRNAs to be differentially expressed between endocrine-sensitive and resistant cells. We began our mechanistic studies of these genes with SLC family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5 or LAT1). SLC7A5 is a key component of a transmembrane transporter, which can complex with CD98 and increase the uptake of large, neutral amino acids (such as leucine or tyrosine). We used a panel of endocrine therapy-resistant (LCC9) and sensitive (MCF7; LCC1) breast cancer cells. SLC7A5 expression was upregulated by estrogen in MCF7 and LCC1 cells; this induction was blocked by fulvestrant treatment. Basal expression of the SLC7A5 protein in the absence of estrogen was 2.75-fold higher in LCC9 cells compared with MCF7 cells; SLC7A5 mRNA expression was 71-fold higher. Fulvestrant treatment did not significantly alter SLC7A5 mRNA or protein expression in LCC9 cells. Inhibiting SLC7A5 function using either a pharmacological inhibitor (JPH203), or depleting expression using siRNA, led to significant suppression of LCC9 cell growth. Cell cycle analysis revealed that SLC7A5 depletion caused cells to accumulate in the G1-phase, with a concurrent reduction of cells in S-phase. In four publicly available datasets of ER+, tamoxifen treated breast cancer patients, high expression of SLC7A5 was significantly associated with poor relapse-free survival. This study uncovers a novel adaptive mechanism in endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer cells that is facilitated by increased expression of SLC7A5, which enables them to supplement their increased metabolic needs and promoting cell growth. Blocking the functions of SLC7A5, perhaps in conjunction with inhibition of autophagy, may therefore offer a new avenue of potential therapeutic intervention against endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancers. Citation Format: Sevigny CM, Sengupta S, Luo Z, Jin L, Pearce D, Clarke R. The role of SLC7A5 (LAT1) in endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-14.
429TiP IMpower010: A Phase III trial investigating atezolizumab (atezo) vs best supportive care (BSC) after adjuvant chemotherapy (chemo) in patients (pts) with completely resected NSCLC
Authors: C. Zhou, N. Altorki, E. Valliéres, E. Felip, Y. Zuo, M. Howland, F. Xia, T. Hoang, A. Sandler, H. Wakelee
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Reply to Alireza Ghoreifi and Hooman Djaladat’s Letter to the Editor re: Fredrik Liedberg, Petter Kollberg, Marie Allerbo, et al. Preventing Parastomal Hernia After Ileal Conduit by the Use of a Prophylactic Mesh: A Randomised Study. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.07.033
Authors: Fredrik Liedberg, Petter Kollberg, Marie Allerbo, Gediminas Baseckas, Johan Brändstedt, Sigurdur Gudjonsson, Oskar Hagberg, Ulf Håkansson, Tomas Jerlström, Annica Löfgren, Oliver Patschan, Anne Sörenby, Mats Bläckberg
Journal: European Urology (2020)
Sugar as Food
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Blood-Clotting Factors
Authors: Lamont W. Gaston
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

Coagulation TestsThe reagents and causes of prolongation of the one-stage (Quick) prothrombin time are listed in Table 5. The critical level of fibrinogen below which the prothrombin time is prolonged is probably about 100 mg. per 100 ml. of plasma. Heparin may interfere at a number of points in the coagulation mechanism (as discussed below under "Anticoagulants"), and a blood specimen for a valid determination of prothrombin time should be drawn at least four and preferably six hours after the last dose of intravenously administered heparin. The prolongation of the prothrombin time in cases of congenital deficiency of prothrombin itself . . .
Coronary Artery Spasm
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of Risk Factor Changes in a Population
Authors: Lambert A Wu, Thomas E Kottke, Lee N Brekke, Mark J Brekke
Journal: Circulation (2001)

P39 Background: Risk factor trends in the United States are not favorable. We determined the potential population impact of risk factor trends versus achieving Healthy People 2010 goals. Methods: Four possible risk factor scenarios were defined for the year 2020. Scenarios were based on current and past risk factor levels and current national goals: 1) Current risk factor levels in Olmsted County, MN; 2) Continued rise in diabetes and smoking rates; 3) #2 plus loss of blood pressure and cholesterol control; 4)Population meets Healthy People 2010 goals. Risk factors were assigned stochastically to the year 2000 Olmsted County, MN population, ages 30-83. Framingham-based risk functions were then used to calculate cardiovascular (CVD) event rates under each scenario. Conclusions: If diabetes and smoking continue to rise, and hypertension and cholesterol rise to historically high levels, CVD rates could rise as much as 75%. In contrast, meeting Healthy People 2010 goals would reduce CVD rates by 49%. Table 1.
Bone Metastasis
Authors: Jacob D. Bitran
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This book is the fourth volume of a series on metastasis by Drs Weiss and Gilbert. Metastasis is inherent to the biology of a malignant tumor; yet, oncologists (surgical, medical, or radiation) have little knowledge of how this biologic process occurs. In this volume, Weiss and Gilbert elucidate the complex phenomenon of metastases to bone. This monograph is divided into six parts, dealing with the pathophysiology of bone metastases, diagnosis, rehabilitation, and drug, surgical, and radiation therapy. The first part of the monograph, entitled "A Background to Metastasis in Bone," gives an excellent discussion of how tumor cells are shed, the importance of the perivertebral vein system, and the mechanisms of bone destruction by tumor cells. The chapters by Drs Gullino, Mundy, and Batson are outstanding and should be considered "required reading" by oncologists. The parts on drug and radiation therapy provide the reader with an excellent overview of current
Serum levels of soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1) during treatment with interferon alpha(INF?) in chronic hepatitis C : 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Japan
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Objective. Because recruitment and retention of lymphoid cells appear to be critical components of the pathogenesis of lichen planus, we have compared the expression and distribution of a panel of vascular adhesion molecules (ELAM-1, P-selectin, 1CAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, CD34) and leukocyte adhesion molecule ligands (LFA-1, Mac-1, VLA4, L-selectin) in biopsies of this disease.Study design. Frozen sections of 12 clinically and histologically confirmed cases of lichen planus and 9 normal control tissues were evaluated immunohistochemically with a standard 1-day avidin-biotin peroxidase technique. Staining intensity of vascular endothelium was evaluated semiquentitatively. Three microvascular zones or compartments were defined and evaluated separately.Results. Generally, different staining patterns were observed in association with the various endothelium-associated adhesion molecules. In normal controls, PECAM was intensely expressed, and VCAM-1 was weakly expressed. Intermediate staining was associated with ELAM-1, P-selectin, ICAM-1, and CD34. Staining within the three microvascular compartments frequently showed variations in intensity. In lichen planus, increased staining for ELAM-1, P-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 was evident in one or more of the microvascular compartments. In the subepithelial vascular compartment where the infiltrate was the most dense, VCAM-1 appeared to show the greatest positive change. Almost all cells in the lichen planus infiltrates stained positive for 1CAM-1, L-selectin, LFA-1, and VLA4, and large numbers of cells also exhibited VCAM-1, PECAM-1, and Mac-1 immunoreactivity.Conclusions. It appears that upregulation of ELAM-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 (especially by endothelial cells in the subepithelial vascular plexus) could play a role in the pathogenesis of lichen planus. The expression of leukocyte receptors L-selectin, LFA-1, and VLA4 by most of the cells in the lichen planus infiltrate suggest that these molecules may be responsible for recruitment as well as retention in the active lichen planus lesion.
Proceedings of the Scottish Thoracic Society and the Thoracic Society
Authors: B Watt, R Willey, G Crompton, Grant One
Journal: Thorax (1981)

approach to the laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic respir- atory tract infections is to look for quantitative and qualitative differences between the anaerobic flora of the upper and lower respiratory tract.In this preliminary study, we undertook such a comparison in 50 patients with non-infective conditions of the respiratory tract.Samples were taken from the upper respiratory tract by expectoration and from the lower respiratory tract at diagnostic bronchoscopy or by tracheal aspiration.Samples were placed in transport media and sent promptly to the laboratory.Appropriate media were seeded and incubated anaerobically for up to seven days.Anaerobic isolates were separated and identified.The results were variable: in some patients without a tracheostomy, upper and lower respiratory tract flora was identical; in others the anaerobic flora of the upper respiratory tract was absent from the lower respiratory tract samples.In a proportion of patients with tracheostomies, the anaerobic flora of the saliva was similar to that found in the tracheal secretions.The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to problems of diagnosis of anaerobic respir- atory tract infections.Lymphangiomyomatosis and benign metastasising leiomyoma: a clinical spectrum responsive to oophorectomy WW ADDINGTON, AS BANNER, CB CARRINGTON, WB EMORY, CF KITTLE, G LEONARD Lymphangiomyomatosis and benign metastasising leiomyoma are thought to represent distinct clinical disorders with pulmonary manifestations characterised by smooth muscle proliferation.Both dis- eases occur exclusively in women and tend to follow a progressive course before the menopause.Lymphangio- myomatosis is characterised by interstitial disease of the lung with prominent pleural complications consisting of pneumothorax and chylothorax.Benign metastasising leiomyoma, on the other hand, presents with nodular on July 16, 2023 by guest.