tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) and cisplatin (CDDP) with concurrent split-course thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: S. Nagashima, M. Fukuda, A. Kinoshita, M. Fukuda, T. Kasai, H. Takatani, T. Rikimaru, H. Soda, M. Oka, S. Kohno
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7169 Background: CPT-11 and CDDP is an active regimen for NSCLC. To determine the efficacy and toxicity of CPT-11 and CDDP with TRT, we conducted a phase II study in patients with NSCLC. Methods: Fifty patients fulfilling the following eligibility criteria were enrolled: chemotherapy-naive, good performance status (PS: 0–1), age<75, stage III, and adequate hematological, hepatic and renal function. Based on the phase I study (Eur J Cancer 37:1359, 2001), the patients received CPT-11 60 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1, 8 and 15, and CDDP 80 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 of every 4 weeks. Radiotherapy of 2 Gy/day commenced on day 2 of each chemotherapy cycle, with 28 Gy and 32 Gy administered for the first and second cycle, respectively. After 17 pts enrolled, chemotherapy dose were reduced CPT-11 50 mg/m2 and CDDP 60 mg/m2 because of low therapy completion rate. Results: Patients' characteristics were as follows: male/female=40/10; PS 0/1=16/34; median age (range)=62 (41–74); Ad/Sq/Large/Other=30/16/2/2; stage IIIA/IIIB=11/39. Forty-eight patients were assessable for response, toxicity and survival. Forty patients achieved a partial response (PR), 7 showed stable disease (SD), and 1 showed progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate was 83.3% (95% CI, 70.4–91.3%). The rate was 87.5% in 50/60 dose. Grade 4 leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 21%, 48% and 2%, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 diarrhoea, pneumonitis, esophagitis and fatigue occurred 19%, 10%, 10% and 19%, respectively. Treatment-related death occurred in one patient who suffered late pneumonitis. The median survival time was 25.1 months, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 72.6%, 50.9% and 39.2%, respectively. Twenty-eight patients are still alive. Conclusions: The combination of CPT-11/CDDP and concurrent split-course TRT is well tolerated with high activity in patients with advanced NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Improvement in Castleman's disease by humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody therapy
Authors: Norihiro Nishimoto, Mitsuko Sasai, Yoshihito Shima, Masashi Nakagawa, Tomoshige Matsumoto, Toshikazu Shirai, Tadamitsu Kishimoto, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki
Journal: Blood (2000)
Detection Of Microbial Nucleic Acids For Diagnostic Purposes
Authors: N. Engleberg
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1992)

The last decade has seen an explosion of interest in the use of molecular genetic techniques to diagnose infectious diseases. Specific molecular probes have been developed for nearly all of the significant, known microbial pathogens. The evolution of incrementally more powerful technologies, particularly gene amplification, has made it possible to detect pathogens with exquisite sensitivity, as well as specificity, based on their nucleic acids. As increasingly rapid and automated methods have become incorporated into successive generations of probe tests, these diagnostics have gained increasing acceptance for routine clinical use.
Axillary hyperhidrosis.
Authors: K T Scholes
Journal: BMJ (1978)

for skilled advice on occupational health matters, and in consequence many previously neglected environmental problems have come to light which call for medical help.It is the duty of those who undertake to advise them to make it plain that these are the important tasks, and that occupational medicine does not consist of routine examinations of new employees on the pretence that the doctor can forecast future sickness absence experience or survival.
After coping with crisis, medicine ponders sequelae
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Gandhi Medical College Hospital in Bhopal, India, began receiving victims about an hour after the gas cloud spread across the city—around 1:30 AM. G. Peter Halberg, MD, professor of clinical ophthalmology at New York Medical College, Valhalla, who subsequently went to Bhopal at the invitation of Union Carbide Corporation, reported: "The numbers [of victims] soon began to increase rapidly. By 8 AM, ophthalmology and medical triage teams were established to determine treatment priorities." Halberg was later to tell a New York Eye and Ear Infirmary audience that physicians in Bhopal did "a truly amazing job of quickly providing medical services. All physicians within a 25-mile radius of Bhopal worked on 24- to 48-hour shifts during the emergency." "There were about 250 physicians involved," he says, "and a like number of residents. Pharmacies remained open 24 hours a day, providing services at no charge. The overall effort was truly amazing when
Presse Médicale, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exceptional blood loss anemia. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen
Authors: G. B. Hart
Journal: JAMA (1974)

TREATMENT of blood loss anemia in patients who, for religious beliefs, refuse blood transfusion is vexing. Three schools of thought exist. The "aggressive" school would remove from the patient, by court order, the right to refuse transfusion. The "passive" school would let the patient lapse into coma, whereupon the nearest of kin would adjudicate the application of blood products. The third school would give blood to the patient when unconscious, but deny the fact if he or his family inquires. Damage to the central nervous system could occur from lack of oxygen if the last two approaches are adopted. Philosophically, the author agrees with Fitts et al,<sup>1</sup>who advocate the exploration of alternative treatment methods. Boerema et al<sup>2</sup>demonstrated that when treated with hyperbaric oxygen, pigs could survive otherwise intolerable reduction of red blood cell (RBC) mass for brief periods without neurological deficits. Lambertsen et al<sup>3</sup>observed
A novel lung slice system with compromised antioxidant defenses.
Authors: S J Hardwick, A Adam, L L Smith, G M Cohen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

In order to facilitate the study of oxidative stress in lung tissue, rat lung slices with impaired antioxidant defenses were prepared and used. Incubation of lung slices with the antineoplastic agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) (100 microM) in an amino acid-rich medium for 45 min produced a near-maximal (approximately 85%), irreversible inhibition of glutathione reductase, accompanied by only a modest (approximately 15%) decrease in pulmonary nonprotein sulfhydryls (NPSH) and no alteration in intracellular ATP, NADP+, and NADPH levels. The amounts of NADP(H), ATP, and NPSH were stable over a 4-hr incubation period following the removal from BCNU. The viability of the system was further evaluated by measuring the rate of evolution of 14CO2 from D-[14C(U)]-glucose. The rates of evolution were almost identical in the compromised system when compared with control slices over a 4-hr time period. By using slices with compromised oxidative defenses, preliminary results have been obtained with paraquat, nitrofurantoin, and 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone.
FATAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE SEQUENCE OF DIABETES INSIPIDUS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leads from the MMWR. Chancroid--Massachusetts
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review Foreign Bodies Left in the Abdomen. The surgical problems: cases, treatment, prevention. The legal problems: cases, decisions, responsibilities . By Harry Sturgeon Crossen, M.D., and David Frederic Crossen, LL.B. 4°, cloth, 762 pp., with 212 illustrations, including 4 color plates. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Company, 1940. $10.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)
Clinical and Roentgenological Characteristics of Articular Syndrome in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The diagnosis of sarcopenia by quadriceps muscle ultrasound in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Nicoletta Fabrini, Barbara Lattanzi, Angelo Bruni, Daria D’ambrosio, Stefania Gioia, Stefano Ginanni Corradini, Adriano De Santis, Alessandra Pigliacelli, Manuela Merli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Lupus Nephritis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hemolytic Anemia Complicating Viral Hepatitis and G-6-PD Deficiency
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Metabolic Enzyme Hexokinase 2 Localizes to the Nucleus in AML and Normal Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells to Maintain Stemness
Authors: Geethu Emily Thomas, Grace Egan, Laura Garcia Prat, Botham Aaron, Veronique Voisin, Elias Orouji, Jordan M Chin, Boaz Nachmias, Kerstin B Kaufmann, Fieke W Hoff, Neil Maclean, Rose Hurren, Xiaoming Wang, Marcela Gronda, Andrea Arruda, Mark D. Minden, Gary D Bader, Steven M. Kornblau, John E. Dick, Aaron D Schimmer
Journal: Blood (2020)
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1968)

The early diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever is usually easy, but there is often doubt whether the heart is affected.In this paper from the Universite' Libre and the Hopital Universitaire St-Pierre, Brussels, the authors report a study of the value of the Q-T interval as a criterion.This interval represents electrically the duration of cardiac systole, and it is inversely proportional to the heart rate; the corrected Q-T interval (Q-Tc) may be calculated from Bazett's formula: Q-Tc -QR-(sec) Iwhere R-R is the duration of the cardiac cycle.The normal value of Q-Tc, as proposed by Alimurung, is 0 404 sec.The present authors took the upper limit of normal to be 0`430 sec., although they believe that about 15 per cent. of normal children might have values slightly higher than this.The investigation was carried out in two parts:(1) In 102 episodes of acute rheumatic fever affecting 91 children ECGs were recorded at the beginning of the illness and during treatment with corticosteroids and penicillin.The children's ages ranged from 4 to 16 years, and fifty were boys Prolongation of Q-Tc was found before treatment in 45 1 per cent. of these cases (to more than 0-430 sec in 35 * 3 per cent.and to more than 0-456 sec in 9-8 per cent.).Patients with a normal Q-Tc at this stage retained it throughout the study.In all but three (2.9 per cent.) of the cases Q-Tc reverted to normal during corticosteroid therapy, usually within a week; but corticosteroids were not given in some relapses, and in such circumstances Q-Tc took longer to become normal.Of nine children who still had an increased Q-Tc after their first or subsequent attack, three relapsed within a year and one developed mitral insufficiency 4 years later.(Certain apparent numerical discrepancies do not seem to be resolved.)(2) A study was also made of 110 children with a similar age and sex distribution to that of the first group; all had had rheumatic fever but none had shown clinical or laboratory evidence of active disease or cardiac involvement for at least a year.Only 10 9 per cent. of these had a slightly increased Q-Tc; this incidence is no greater than that expected for normal children, but is nevertheless greater than the 2 -9 per cent.found in children treated with corticosteroids.This difference suggests that corticosteroids shorten the duration of cardiac systole.Again, no patient who escaped valvular damage showed lengthening of Q-Tc; thus corticosteroids may prevent cardiac damage.The authors conclude that Q-Tc is of diagnostic importance.Prolongation of Q-Tc at the end of treat- ment was an unfavourable sign in half the cases studied, and patients showing this feature should therefore be followed up with particular care Joan Gomez A Disputable Case of Subacute Rheumatism with Ocular Manifestations in a Child.(A propos d'un cas litigieux de rhumatisme subaigu de 1'enfant avec manifestations oculaires.)
一项旨在测量局部硬皮病如何影响儿童和青少年的新调查
Authors: C.K. Zigler, K. Ardalan, S. Lane, K.L. Schollaert, K.S. Torok
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

局部硬皮病(也称为硬斑病)是一种罕见病,影响约 3/100,000 的人。它通常会引起皮肤和皮下组织改变,有时甚至深至肌肉或骨骼。来自美国的作者希望开展一项调查,让儿童和青少年告诉研究人员和医生局部硬皮病如何影响他们的日常生活。 作者首先确定了局部硬皮病影响儿童和青少年的多种重要方式。然后,他们提出了有关这些问题的调查问题。接下来,作者让患有局部硬皮病的儿童和青少年填写了调查表,以查看他们是否可以阅读和理解问题和说明。作者还询问儿童,调查中是否缺少任何问题。 作者发现,总体而言,这项调查效果良好。8-18 岁的儿童和青少年可以阅读问题并理解调查。儿童和青少年还建议在调查中添加三个问题,以使调查更加完整。 调查的最终版本包括以下问题:儿童的皮肤感觉(例如,是否感到疼痛或发痒),日常活动的局限性,他们对身体的感觉如何,与朋友和陌生人的关系以及药物让他们有何感觉。这项名为“局部硬皮病生活质量量表”的调查是第一项此类调查。医生和研究人员可以使用它来更好地了解局部硬皮病的儿童和青少年的生活。 本摘要涉及研究: 新型儿童局部硬皮病患者报告结局:内容有效性的定性评估
Procainamide dosage schedules, plasma concentrations, and clinical effects
Authors: J. Koch-Weser
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The relationship of dosage to plasma concentration of procainamide varied greatly among 186 patients. This variation resulted from individual differences in completeness of absorption, distribution space, and elimination rate. Plasma concentrations correlated well with therapeutic and toxic effects. The usually effective antiarrhythmic concentration was 4 to 8 mg/liter; in occasional patients, 8 to 16 mg/liter was more effective. Toxic manifestations were very rare with concentrations of less than 12 mg/liter, but common with concentrations of more than 16 mg/liter. In most patients, procainamide hydrochloride in a daily dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight produces therapeutic plasma concentrations. Three-hour dosage intervals are required to prevent fluctuations of plasma level exceeding 50%. In urgent situations, a parenteral priming dose should be given. In patients with cardiac or renal failure and when usual doses fail or toxic manifestations appear, determinations of plasma levels are useful guides to dosage.
Editorial Board
Authors: Zuhair Ballas, Iowa City, Iowa Deputy, David Huston, Rachel Miller, New York, N Associate, Andrea Apter, Leonard Philadelphia, St Bacharier, Claus Louis, Joshua Bachert, Boston Boyce, Robert Bush, Javier Chinen, Raif Geha, Corinne Keet, Carole Ober, David Peden, Harald Renz, Marburg Germany, Marc Rothenberg, Cincinnati Ohio, Hirohisa Saito, Tokyo Japan, Stephan Weidinger, Bruce Bender, Pascal Chanez, Morton Cowan, San Francisco, Elizabeth Matsui, Peter Arkwright, Arthur Gelb, Los Angeles, Akio Mori, Harry Schroeder, Birmingham Ala, Jonathan Spergel, Julie Wang, Eric Brandt, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Hirohito Kita, Tanya Laidlaw
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
ENDEMIC PSITTACOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal