tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nature, London
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Insects, Ticks, Mites and Venomous Animals of Medical and Veterinary Importance. Part 1—Medical.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Congenital Cataracts
Authors: David Shoch
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In 1959 Professor Jules François of Ghent presented a report to the Société Française d'Ophtalmologie on congenital cataract. These annual reports to the Society have a long history of excellence and completeness. Each is a true monograph on the subject assigned and provides a base for future researchers in the field. Dr. François' "rapport" was no exception to this tradition. All facets of congenital cataracts were reviewed, from embryology and anatomy of the lens to postoperative treatment. No systemic disease or syndrome of which congenital cataract is a part was omitted, and each of the 30 chapters concluded with a list of references containing as many as 250 items. Truly an exhaustive and monumental effort. The original 853-page paper-covered French edition has now been translated into an elegant hard-covered 659-page English version. It is essentially a verbatim translation with chapter organization, figures, color plates, etc, all exactly as in the
Vascular adventitial fibrosis in a patient taking methysergide maleate
Authors: J. F. Regan
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Adventitial fibrosis of mesenteric vessels with luminal narrowing and subsequent infarction of a segment of small bowel occurred in a 51-year-old woman who was treated with methysergide maleate for vascular headaches. Following the resection of the gangrenous bowel, the resumption of drug therapy was accompanied by intermittent claudication, which disappeared when it was discontinued.
Effectiveness of telephone counselling by a pharmacist in reducing mortality in patients receiving polypharmacy: randomised controlled trial
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Objective To investigate the effects of compliance and periodic telephone counselling by a pharmacist on mortality in patients receiving polypharmacy.Design Two year randomised controlled trial.Setting Hospital medical clinic.Participants 502 of 1011 patients receiving five or more drugs for chronic disease found to be non-compliant at the screening visit were invited for randomisation to either the telephone counselling group (n = 219) or control group (n = 223) at enrolment 12-16 weeks later.Main outcome measures Primary outcome was all cause mortality in randomised patients.Associations between compliance and mortality in the entire cohort of 1011 patients were also examined.Patients were defined as compliant with a drug if they took 80-120% of the prescribed daily dose.To calculate a compliance score for the whole treatment regimen, the number of drugs that the patient was fully compliant with was divided by the total number of prescribed drugs and expressed as a percentage.Only patients who complied with all recommended drugs were considered compliant (100% score).Results 60 of the 502 eligible patients defaulted and only 442 patients were randomised.After two years, 31 (52%) of the defaulters had died, 38 (17%) of the control group had died, and 25 (11%) of the intervention group had died.After adjustment for confounders, telephone counselling was associated with a 41% reduction in the risk of death (relative risk 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.35 to 0.97; P = 0.039).The number needed to treat to prevent one death at two years was 16.Other predictors included old age, living alone, rate of admission to hospital, compliance score, number of drugs for chronic disease, and non-treatment with lipid lowering drugs at screening visit.In the cohort of 1011 patients, the adjusted relative risk for death was 1.61 (1.05 to 2.48; P = 0.029) and 2.87 (1.80 to 2.57; P < 0.001) in patients with compliance scores of 34-66% and 0-33%, respectively, compared with those who had a compliance score of 67% or more.Conclusion In patients receiving polypharmacy, poor compliance was associated with increased mortality.Periodic telephone counselling by a pharmacist improved compliance and reduced mortality.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1954)

ANY QUESTIONS?MEDIBJONAL more effective than a solid one; they also showed that hexa- chlorophene persists on the skin, whence it can be extracted with ether.It has not been reported to cause sensitization; Maglio and Hannegan' actually recommend its inclusion in skin-cleansing powders to prevent industrial dermatitis, although on somewhat hypothetical and perhaps insecure grounds.All these observations refer to the normal " resident" flora of the skin, which is innocuous and impossible to eradicate completely.Whether the use of such soap will similarly suppress a "transient" flora which may include pathogens has not, so far as is known, been proved, although some such action seems likely.It may be assumed that there is some advantage in maintaining the hands in this condition, although this remains an assumption of which proof would be very difficult to obtain.It should be under- stood that constant use is necessary to achieve a sustained effect.
Randomized trial of irinotecan and cetuximab with or without vemurafenib in BRAF-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (SWOG S1406).
Authors: Scott Kopetz, Shannon L McDonough, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Anthony Martin Magliocco, Chloe Evelyn Atreya, Luis A. Diaz, Carmen Joseph Allegra, Kanwal Pratap Singh Raghav, Van Karlyle Morris, Stephen E. Wang, Christopher Hanyoung Lieu, Katherine A Guthrie, Howard S. Hochster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

3505 Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients (pts) with BRAF V600 mutations have poor outcomes with standard of care chemotherapy and rarely respond to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. In preclinical models, blockade of BRAF V600 by vemurafenib (V) causes feedback upregulation of EGFR, whose signaling activities can be impeded by cetuximab (C) with anti-tumor activity augmented by irinotecan (I). Methods: Pts with BRAF V600 mutated and extended RAS wild-type mCRC were randomized to irinotecan (180 mg/m 2 IV every 14 days) and cetuximab (500 mg/m 2 IV every 14 days) with or without vemurafenib (960 mg PO twice daily). Eligible pts had ECOG PS ≤1, and had received 1 or 2 prior regimens with no prior anti-EGFR agents. Randomization was stratified for prior irinotecan. Crossover from the control arm (IC) to the experimental arm (VIC) was allowed after documented progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS, investigator assessed), with 90% power to detect a HR of 0.5, with two-sided type 1 error of 5%. Results: 106 pts were enrolled (99 eligible, 49 in the experimental arm) from 12/2014 to 4/2016, with median age 62 years, 59% female, and 39% with prior irinotecan therapy. PFS was improved with the addition of vemurafenib (HR 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26 to 0.66, P &lt; 0.001) with median PFS of 4.4 (95% CI 3.6 – 5.7) mos vs 2.0 (95% CI 1.8 – 2.1) months. Response rate was 16% vs 4% (P = 0.08), with disease control rate of 67% vs 22%. In pts with no prior irinotecan, median PFS was 5.7 (95% CI 3.0-6.1) months in the VIC arm vs 1.9 (95% CI 1.7 – 2.1) months in the IC arm. Grade 3/4 adverse events higher in the VIC arm included neutropenia (28% vs 7%), anemia (13% vs 0%), and nausea (15% vs 0%). There was no increase in skin toxicity or fatigue. 23 pts (46%) in the IC arm crossed over at the time of progression, with median PFS from crossover of 6.0 months (95% CI 3.7 – 7.4). Overall survival (OS) data will be mature for ASCO 2017. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the clinical benefits of the VIC triplet (vemurafenib, cetuximab, and irinotecan) in pts with treatment-refractory BRAF V600 mutated mCRC, and support VIC as a potential new treatment option in this molecular subset. Clinical trial information: NCT02164916.
Tuberculosis as a primary cause of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation.
Authors: C Penner, D Roberts, D Kunimoto, J Manfreda, R Long
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Tuberculosis as a primary cause of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (TBMV) is an uncommon occurrence. Over a 10 yr period in the province of Manitoba, Canada (population 1,091,942 in 1991), 13 patients with TBMV were identified. Non-drug-resistant M. tuberculosis was isolated from each case. The patients fell into two categories: miliary or disseminated tuberculosis (n = 7) and tuberculous pneumonia (n = 6); eight developed ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome) and another two probable ARDS. The hospital mortality for TBMV was compared with that for mechanically ventilated nontuberculous pneumonia and ARDS patients. Hospital mortality for patients with TBMV (69%, nine of 13) was significantly worse than hospital mortality for patients with nontuberculous pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation (36%, 34 of 94; p < 0.025) and similar to the hospital mortality for patients with ARDS of any cause (56%, 15 of 27; p > 0.10). APACHE II scores for all groups of patients were similar. Compared with patients with tuberculous pneumonia, patients with miliary or disseminated tuberculosis were significantly more likely to develop TBMV (18.9 versus 0.8%, p < 0.0001). Despite the availability of effective antituberculous drugs, TBMV is often associated with ARDS and carries a similarly high mortality rate. Among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, those with miliary or disseminated disease are especially prone to develop TBMV.
NTP Taps Disinfection By-Products for Study
Authors: Susan M. Booker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

The use of chlorination to purify water supplies is considered one of the most important public health advances of the twentieth century. Following the 1908 introduction of widespread water chlorination, once-common diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid fever were practically eliminated. However, the chlorination cure-all proved to have a caveat: disinfection by-products (DBPs), which result from the reaction between the chlorine added during chlorination and organic material such as leaves and sediment in the source water. In the mid-1970s, certain DBPs were found to cause adverse health effects including cancer in laboratory animals.
Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: Study of 65 Patients and 65 Controls
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
William Francis Ashe, Jr., MD, Dies
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mutagen Formation in a Model Beef Supernatant Fraction. IV. Properties of the System
Authors: Robert T. Taylor, Esther Fultz, Mark Knize
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

To identify the precursors and elucidate the reaction conditions that yield heterocyclic amine mutagens in cooked meat products and fish, we have used a supernatant 2 (S2) fraction prepared from H2O-homogenized lean round steak. Compounds (MW less than 500) in S2 are the sources of the microsomal-dependent, Salmonella TA 1538 mutagenic activity in open boiled (aqueous), 200 degrees C pressure-heated (aqueous), or 200 to 300 degrees C oven-baked (freeze-dried) homogenates. Combined incorporation-HPLC experiments show that they are also the precursors for frameshift mutagen formation in the outer surfaces of 200 degrees C griddle-fried ground beef. Maximal stimulations of boiled S2 mutagenic activity are given by 10 mM Trp, 2.5 mM creatine phosphate (CP), and synergistically by 10 mM Trp + 2.5 mM CP + 1.0 mM FeSO4 (a mixture abbreviated as S2*). Boiling S2 for 30 hr at the acidic optimum pH of 4.0----600 TA 1538 revertants (no additions) and 1,400 revertants (+CP), while S2*----24,000 revertants/10(8) bacteria/g of dry beef. By the criteria of HPLC, paper electrophoresis, and resistance of the active HPLC fractions to acid-nitrite inactivation, boiled S2 contains 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) and a minor amount of 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ). Boiling S2 with CP doubles the IQ, halves the Trp-P-2, produced traces of MeIQ, and generates an unknown nitrite-resistant mutagen. Boiled S2* contains these same four mutagens, but both the IQ and Trp-P-2 are increased and large amounts of Trp-P-1 also are generated. The identities of IQ, Trp-P-2, and Trp-P-1 were verified by purification and by light-absorption and mass spectra. Their increments in stimulated S2 indicate that Trp (or its degradation products) and CP (or its degradation products) are the beef juice precursors for the indole ring in Trp-P type mutagens and the NH2-imidazole ring in IQ-type mutagens, respectively. Aqueous (pressure) heating or oven-baking S2 for 2 hr at 200 degrees C greatly elevates its TA 1538 activity----45,000 revertants/10(8) bacteria/g of dry beef; dry heating at 300 degrees C----approximately 180,000 revertants/g of dry beef. Along with the increases in total TA 1538 activity at 200 to 300 degrees C, the number of mutagens formed from the less than 500 MW S2 precursors also multiplies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Recurrence of diffuse panbronchiolitis after lung transplantation.
Authors: M A Baz, P S Kussin, P Van Trigt, R D Davis, V L Roggli, V F Tapson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DBP) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract. DPB has been found almost exclusively in oriental populations. We describe the occurrence of a case of DPB in an African American patient who underwent bilateral sequential lung transplantation. Ten weeks after transplantation, DPB recurred in the lung allograft, with rapid and significant deterioration in graft function. Allograft function improved within a few weeks after beginning treatment with erythromycin. This early recurrence is suggestive of a systemic etiology of DPB. Although recurrence of other systemic diseases has been reported after lung transplantation, no previous patients have been reported with early functional deterioration based solely on disease recurrence.
Art
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Errors in Article Text
Authors: Michael Wagner, Lee Cranmer, Seth Pollack
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2021)

sarcoma population is a major challenge for all early-phase "doxorubicin + X" trials. 4Although this study was different in allowing participation by patients with chondrosarcoma, the histologic distribution of this trial is otherwise very similar to other major doxorubicin + X trials.While other histologic subtypes included may be indolent, these may also behave quite aggressively in certain cases.For example, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is often considered indolent, but 1 patient with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma enrolled had one of the most aggressive clinical courses. 1 All patients treated on the trial had advanced sarcoma and would be considered to receive doxorubicin as standard therapy, with the exception of chondrosarcoma, for which cytotoxic chemotherapy is often considered controversial because these tumors are frequently chemoresistant.The objective response rate in our study was 13% for phase 2 patients and 19% overall, 1 consistent with previously reported response rates for doxorubicin monotherapy. 4 We agree that improved biomarkers are crucial, and many investigators are looking at markers for checkpoint inhibitor response in sarcoma, including B-cell infiltration and tumor mutation burden.Microsatellite instability is seen rarely among patients with sarcoma. 5The possibility of pseudoprogression was considered.However, our analysis showed that patients with early progression had rapidly progressing tumors prior to enrollment and did not meet the criteria for pseudoprogression. 6 Future studies among patients with sarcoma using a similar design may benefit from a larger sample size, although this may cost significant resources, both financial and with respect to patient accrual.The adoption of biomarker-driven and histologic subtype-driven trials, when feasible, can likely enable the use of smaller sample sizes while also ensuring more informative results.
Primary thrombocythemia and pregnancy: Treatment and outcome in fifteen cases
Authors: Pasqualepaolo Pagliaro, Luisa Arrigoni, Maria Luisa Muggiasca, Marina Poggio, Umberto Russo, Edoardo Rossi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

Pregnancy in patients with primary thrombocythemia (PT) is reported to be often complicated by recurrent abortion and fetal growth retardation. Fifteen pregnancies in nine patients with PT are reported. Nine pregnancies had a good outcome, with the birth of a healthy infant. There were two spontaneous abortions and three intrauterine deaths. One pregnancy was electively terminated after extensive thrombosis in the splanchnic district requiring surgical entero-resection. In five pregnancies the mother received no treatment; in ten pregnancies acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was prescribed to the mother as soon as she was found pregnant, subcutaneous heparin was added from the middle trimester in seven cases. In patients treated with ASA and subcutaneous heparin pregnancies had a good outcome. Administration of ASA and heparin during pregnancy appears to improve the outcome in patients with PT and can prevent severe maternal complications, but requires close monitoring. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.