tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MASH
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An unknown page in the history of medicine. Clandestine medical schools in Poland during 1940 to 1945
Authors: L. J. Bruce-Chwatt
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The splendid achievements of the Polish School of Medicine, established in Edinburgh during the Second World War, have been described on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the foundation in 1941 of this academic institution.<sup>1</sup> In the light of this commemoration, it is timely to reveal one virtually unknown page of medical annals, namely the incredible story of the clandestine medical schools that existed in Poland during the German occupation from 1940 to 1945. The full chronicle of this truly heroic attempt to maintain medical teaching during that time has not yet been fully told outside of Poland, but some aspects of it should be better known as the memories of these years gradually fade away. The clandestine teaching of medicine carried out in Poland during the period from 1940 to 1945 is an inspiring example of the tenacity of a people desperately anxious to preserve their national
Abstract 3170: <i>BRAF</i> expression is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancers independent of <i>BRAF</i> (V600E) mutation
Authors: Mingli Yang, Michael J. Schell, Timothy J. Yeatman
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract The RAS pathway is known to be commonly activated and a key determinant of colorectal cancer (CRC) biology, with mutational activation of RAS/RAF genes observed in ~50% of CRC patients. The relationship between gene mutation and expression is, however, poorly understood. We analyzed how the expression of RAS/RAF genes vs. their respective mutations impacted outcomes. The relationship to other rarely mutated RAS/RAF genes (HRAS, ARAF, RAF1 (i.e. c-RAF)) was also examined in these tumors. While KRAS expression was positively associated with KRAS mutations (r=0.26, p&amp;lt;0.0001), BRAF expression was, unexpectedly, negativelycorrelated with BRAF (V600E) mutation (r= -0.18, p=0.0001). Thus, a substantial number of patients express relatively high levels of BRAF absent of BRAF mutations. Additional analysis indicates that lower BRAF expression was significantly correlated with MSI or the CMS1 subtype that is strongly associated with BRAF (V600E). Intriguingly, despite negative association with mutant BRAF (V600E) that is well-established to be associated with poor prognosis, higher BRAF expression was also associated with poor overall survival, as indicated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of BRAF expression by quartiles in either 458 CRCs (Logrank test for trend p=0.0262) in 406 WT BRAF CRCs (p=0.0102). Note that the expression of all other five RAS/RAF genes (HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, ARAF and RAF1) was not associated with survival. Further analysis with the gene expression signatures measuring RAS pathway activation reveals that unlike BRAF (V600E) (or KRAS mutations or KRASexpression), BRAF expression appeared to be negatively correlated with RAS pathway activation signature scores. Taken together, these data suggest that higher BRAF expression in CRC patients may activate an “alternative” pathway to the canonical pathway directed by mutant BRAF (V600E) as yet another means to deliver tumor progression. Citation Format: Mingli Yang, Michael J. Schell, Timothy J. Yeatman. BRAF expression is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancers independent of BRAF (V600E) mutation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3170.
BOOK REVIEW
Journal: Allergy (1963)

Book review in this Articles: Dermatologie und Venerologie. H. A. Grotton k W.Schonfeld (1959). Volume II Part I Gell, P. G. H. and Cooinhs, R. R. A.: Clinical Aspects of Immunology. Emil G.Klarmann: Cosmetic Chemistry for Dermatologists. Charles C Thomas.
Correction
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Cells Into the Infarcted Mouse Heart," by Winter et al that was posted online on August 6, 2007 (DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULA-TIONAHA.106.668178), an error occurred.In the Figure 8 legend, lines 23 through 26, the description of panels j and k read, "Hardly any vessels could be observed in the border zone (j), whereas many vessels were found in the infarcted area (k)."The description should have read, "Many vessels could be observed in the border zone (j), whereas hardly any vessels were found in the infarcted area (k)."
Noninvasive assessment of hepatobiliary and renal elimination of cysteinyl leukotrienes by positron emission tomography
Authors: A GUHLMANN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

N-Acetyl-leukotriene E4 has been identified as an endogenous, biologically less active cysteinyl leukotriene metabolite in rodents and humans. To evaluate the ratio of hepatobiliary to renal elimination of leukotrienes noninvasively by positron emission tomography (PET), we synthesized N-[11C]acetyl-leukotriene E4 by chemical N-acetylation of leukotriene E4. After the intravenous injection of N-[11C]acetyl-leukotriene E4 in normal rats and monkey, uptake by the liver and subsequent excretion into bile were largely responsible for its rapid elimination from blood. In the Cynomolgus monkey, renal excretion of the leukotriene into urine was of additional quantitative importance. Kinetic modeling indicated a mean transit time through the liver of 17 minutes and 34 minutes in rat and monkey, respectively; the corresponding hepatic excretion half-times amounted to 8.5 minutes and 16 minutes. In a mutant rat strain deficient in the hepatobiliary excretion of cysteinyl leukotrienes across the canalicular membrane, the apparent mean liver transit time was 54 minutes, and the hepatic excretion half-time was 29 minutes, indicating prolonged organ storage and metabolism. After transport from the liver back into the circulating blood of ω-oxidized and β-oxidized metabolites of N-[11C]acetyl-leukotriene E4, renal excretion compensated for the impairment of hepatobiliary elimination in the transport mutant. Metabolite analyses in urine after intravenous injection of N-[3H]acetyl-leukotriene E4 indicáted the extensive inactivation of N-acetyl-leukotriene E4 by β-oxidation from the ω-end in the mutants. A similar shift from hepatobiliary to renal cysteinyl leukotriene elimination was monitored in rats with cholestasis due to bile duct obstruction. N-[11C]Acetyl-leukotriene E4 enables the assessment of hepatobiliary function by PET as well as the quantitative and noninvasive evaluation of the contribution of liver and kidney to leukotriene elimination under normal and various pathophysiological conditions.
SUDDEN AND TEMPORARY MENTAL ABERRATION—UNCONSCIOUS AUTOMATISM—TEMPORARY IRRESPONSIBLE STATES.Medicolegal.
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heat-Related Illnesses, Deaths, and Risk Factors—Cincinnati and Dayton, Ohio, 1999, and United States, 1979-1997
Journal: JAMA (2000)

During the summer of 1999, a heat wave occurred in the midwestern and eastern United States. This period of hot and humid weather persisted from July 12 through August 1, 1999, and caused or contributed to 22 deaths among persons residing in Cincinnati (18 deaths) and Dayton (four deaths). A CDC survey of 24 U.S. metropolitan areas indicated that Ohio recorded some of the highest rates for heat-related deaths during the 1999 heat wave, with Cincinnati reporting 21 per million and Dayton reporting seven per million (CDC, unpublished data, 1999). This report describes four heat-related deaths representative of those that occurred in Cincinnati or Dayton during the 1999 heat wave, summarizes heat-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1997, describes risk factors associated with heat-related illness and death, and recommends preventive measures.
Radiolucent foreign body demonstrated by sinogram
Authors: S. Lacey
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Positive contrast radiography through the use of the sinogram is a useful tool for demonstrating the presence and extent of sinus tracts, particularly when associated with chronic osteomyelitis.<sup>1</sup>So far as we know this technique has not been popularized as a means of locating radiolucent foreign bodies as in the following case. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 12-year-old white boy entered Columbus Children's Hospital on Oct 23, 1967, complaining of two draining sinuses on the plantar surface of the left foot (Fig 1). Three months prior to admission the patient drove a splinter into the foot while walking on a wooden floor in the dark. The wound of entry was on the plantar surface between the fourth and fifth toes. He removed a 2-inch splinter. The following day the patient was evaluated at a local emergency room and received orally administered penicillin and had warm soaks
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluating the quality of articles published in journal supplements compared with the quality of those published in the parent journal
Authors: P. A. Rochon
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To determine the relationship between the quality of articles and whether they were published in a supplement or in the parent journal. <h3>Data Sources and Study Selection.</h3> —All randomized control trials of drug therapies in adults published in the<i>American Journal of Cardiology</i>, the<i>American Journal of Medicine</i>, and the<i>American Heart Journal</i>from January 1990 and obtained in November 1992 by means of a MEDLINE search. A total of 318 abstracts appeared to meet our inclusion criteria, and these articles were obtained and reviewed in further detail. An additional 76 were excluded. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Three reviewers who were "blinded" and thus unaware of supplement status independently assessed the quality of each of the remaining 242 articles according to a standard quality scoring system. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Overall, 67 (27.7%) of the articles were published in journal supplements. Article quality scores ranged from 4.2% to 87.5%, with a mean (±SD) score of 37.2%±13.1%. Quality scores were lower in articles published in journal supplements than in those published in the parent journal (t[240]=2.61,<i>P</i>=.01). The mean quality score for articles published in journal supplements was 33.6%±12.8% compared with a score of 38.5%±13.1% for articles published in the parent journal. Supplement articles included in their final analysis a smaller proportion of the patients initially randomized (t[75]=2.8,<i>P</i>=.007). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Our findings suggest that randomized control trials published in journal supplements are generally of inferior quality compared with articles published in the parent journal. The review process surrounding the publication of journal supplements should be consistent with that of the parent journal. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:108-113)
Abstract 3172: Prognostic and therapeutic implication of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), microsatellite instability, and <i>PIK3CA</i> gene in lipoarcoma
Authors: Hyo Song Kim, Hyae Min Jeon, Jae Seok Lee, Soo Hee Kim, Young Han Lee, Hyuk Hur, Sung Hoon Kim, Seung Hyun Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: With the promising efficacies with personalized approach, we tested clinically relevant molecular target programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), microsatellite Instability (MSI), and PIK3CA molecules in liposarcoma to provide practical guide. Methods: A consecutive series of 74 liposarcoma patients who underwent curative resection between 2005 and 2016 were assessed using immuno-molecular panels: PD-L1 (22C3 pharmDx assay) and mismatch repair proteins (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6) by immunohistochemistry (IHC), MSI using PCR, and PIK3CA mutation/amplification using pyrosequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: For all the cases, PD-L1 was positive only in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), while no PD-L1 expression was found on tumor cell and 23% were tumors with PD-L1+ TILs. PD-L1+ TILs was significantly predominant in abdominal site (P=0.004) and had significantly longer overall survival than PD-L1- TILs (5 year OS 84.4% vs 60.8%, P=0.007). Regarding the MSI status, 2 well differentiated liposarcoma showed MSI [MSI-H (n=1) and MSI-L (n=1)]. For concordance with mismatch repair protein using IHC, only 1 out of 8 with concurrent loss of MLH1, MSH6, and PMS2 showed MSI-H (D2S123, D17S250). Activating PIK3CA mutation was detected in 7 patients [9.5%, exon 9 (n=4) and exon 20 (n=3) mutation] and 6 cases were PD-L1-TIL group. PIK3CA copy number gain were detected in 18 (24.3%) cases and significantly associated with PD-L1+TIL tumors (P=0.045). Conclusions: With our comprehensive immuno-moleuclar panel, liposarcoma need to be categorized based on the molecular genomic subtype and this may facilitate the development of successful future clinical trials using molecular agents. Citation Format: Hyo Song Kim, Hyae Min Jeon, Jae Seok Lee, Soo Hee Kim, Young Han Lee, Hyuk Hur, Sung Hoon Kim, Seung Hyun Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung. Prognostic and therapeutic implication of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), microsatellite instability, and PIK3CA gene in lipoarcoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3172.
To thwart the tobacco companies. It's every physician's responsibility
Authors: L. W. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

I commend Samuels and Glantz<sup>1</sup>for their outstanding contribution to the continuing discussion of "tobacco politics." Their study documents the tragically powerful influence of the tobacco industry and its deadly message. The tobacco industry sells glitz, glamour, and a false picture of good health. Their commercials and print advertisements do not show the heart disease or cancer that take away good health, the debilitating economic costs, the loss of independence and dignity when serious illness strikes, or the inconsolable sorrow when a loved one dies prematurely from smoking-related diseases. We don't hear from the tobacco industry that each year smoking kills some 430 000 Americans—more than 1000 a day. We don't hear that each American, including those who don't smoke, is paying a hidden tax of approximately $221 per person per year for the consequences of smoking—a tax that adds up to $52 billion annually.
Abstract 2530: Understanding cancer heterogeneity in relation to minor sub-clones at single cell profiling level in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Enrique I. Velazquez Villarreal, John D. Carpten, David W. Craig
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urological malignancies that would benefit from understanding cancer heterogeneity to identify molecular signatures providing potential innovative therapeutic targets. Renal cell carcinoma is characterized by extensive cancer heterogeneity. Single cell sequencing has the potential to improve our understanding of cancer heterogeneity by providing clonotype detection. We examined cancer heterogeneity using single-cell copy-number analysis and clonotype detection in four renal cancer tumors. The technology used for processing single cell was 10x ChromiumTM Technology that provides detection of 100 Kb CNV events, calling clonotypes down to 10 of 1000 cell inputs. By processing each of the four samples it resulted 469 total cells from sample one where 268 were tumor and 171 were normal; sample two resulted with 888 cells where 51 were tumor and 820 were normal; sample three resulted with 673 total cells where 167 were tumor and 485 normal; finally, sample four resulted with 1298 cells where 511 were tumor and 758 normal. Genome-wide ploidy analysis of the four tumor cells showed variable median ploidies. The regional copy number was estimated by processing our data in 20 Kb cases of reads. Multiple sub-clones were identified in sample number one where four clusters of sub-clones characterized cancer heterogeneity. Fast maximum-likelihood (ML) genetic clustering and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were implemented on sample one to select the optimal clustering solution and provide a better insight of sub-clonal evolution. These sub-clones reported events such as copy number changes on entire chromosomes arms. The single cell resolution provided the ability of variant detection where we identified VHL gene mutations that are consistent with recent reports that describe its role as a molecular signature of disease outcome and drug efficacy in RCC. In conclusion, our findings describe sub-clones with large-scale events that provide new insights in understanding cancer heterogeneity in RCC. Citation Format: Enrique I. Velazquez Villarreal, John D. Carpten, David W. Craig. Understanding cancer heterogeneity in relation to minor sub-clones at single cell profiling level in renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2530.
HPV Vaccine Triggers Regression of Precancers
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2015)

According to a phase IIb clinical trial, an investigational DNA vaccine that targets the human papillomavirus caused precancerous cervical lesions to regress or disappear. The vaccine stimulated production of CD8+ T cells that make perforin, a protein that helps kill infected cervical cells, and eliminated the virus in 81% of women whose lesions regressed.
Tuberculosis
Authors: Theodore L. Badger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

(Continued)Medical Treatment of TuberculosisFixed ideas and standard patterns of therapy in the treatment of tuberculosis need close scrutiny today, for if anything may be said to characterize modern treatment of tuberculosis it is the mercurial nature of the changes that have occurred in the past ten years — both in drugs and in surgery.Antituberculosis drugs are constantly influencing opinions about the management of tuberculosis, but it behooves one to analyze treatment failures much more critically than the successes. Well planned regimens of rest, drugs and surgery are highly successful in about 90 per cent of patients with . . .
INTRACRANIAL LESIONS INVOLVING THE AUDITORY-VESTIBULAR APPARATUS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book Review The Normal and Pathological Physiology of Bone. Its Problems . By R. Leriche, Professor de Clinique Chirurgicale a la Faculté de Strasbourg and A. Policard, Professor d'Histologie a la Faculté de Lyon. Authorized English Translation by Sherwood Moore, M.D., Professor of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine and J. Albert Key, M.D., Assistant Professor of Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis. The C. V. Mosby Company 1926. …
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1929)