tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Depiction of Ventricular Size by the Striothalamic Vein in the Anteroposterior Phlebogram
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Air Pollution on Chronic Respiratory Disease in the New York City Metropolitan Area, 1972
Authors: Shu-Ping Lan, Carl Shy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The effect of air pollution on chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) was examined in a study in the New York metropolitan area in 1972. Four study communities, sites A, B, C and D, were selected for the similarity of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Historically, these communities represented an increasing gradient of air pollution levels. However, after air quality improvement in the metropolitan area, Site A had only slightly lower pollution levels than sites B, C and D. In the examination of chronic respiratory symptoms, study hypotheses were established to correspond with historical levels of air pollution. The study population was drawn from parents of children attending elementary school in each site. Information was obtained by means of a questionnaire modified from the 1966 BMRC questionnaire. The analysis was based on 5416 white long-term residents without occupational exposure to irritant dust and fumes. Confounding factors, including smoking status, age, level of education of head-of-household and crowding within the home, were examined. Smoking was found to be the most important factor in determining the level of severity of CRD. The effect of air pollution showed differential patterns among the smokers and nonsmokers. Among the smokers, no air pollution effect was observed. However, among nonsmokers, a statistically significant difference was observed among females. Further, among male nonsmokers a similar pattern was observed, but the effect was not statistically significant. Other possible factors that could contribute to the difference are discussed.
Pomalidomide-Dexamethasone in the Management of Heavily Pretreated Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Claudio Cerchione, Lucio Catalano, Davide Nappi, Anna Emanuele Pareto, Gerardo Musuraca, Alessandro Lucchesi, Sonia Ronconi, Michela Ceccolini, Delia Cangini, Maria Benedetta Giannini, Valeria Di Battista, Giorgia Simonetti, Andrea Ghelli Luserna Di Rorà, Fabrizio Pane, Giovanni Martinelli
Journal: Blood (2020)
Liver cancer: Clinical/experimental treatment and carcinogenesis
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Chemo-brain refers to the thinking and memory problems that occur in cancer patients during and after chemotherapy. It is also known as cognitive dysfunction or chemo-fog. Risk factors include brain malignancies, either primary or metastatic, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, either systemic or brain targeted. There are various mechanisms by which chemo-brain occurs in patients post-chemotherapy, including inflammation of neurons, stress due to free radical generation, and alterations in normal neuronal cell process due to biochemical changes. While chemotherapy drugs that are non-brain targeted, usually fail to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), this is not the case for inflammatory cytokines that are released, which easily cross the BBB. These inflammatory neurotoxic agents may represent the primary mediators of chemobrain and include the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins 1 and 6 and tumor necrosis factor. The pronounced rise in oxidative stress due to continuous chemotherapy also leads to a reduction in neurogenesis and gliogenesis, loss of spine and dendritic cells, and a reduction in neurotransmitter release. Based on recent research, potential agents to prevent and treat chemo brain have been identified, which include Lithium, Fluoxetine, Metformin, Rolipram, Astaxanthin, and microglial inhibitors. However, more defined animal models for cognitive dysfunction are required to study in detail the mechanisms involved in chemo-brain; furthermore, well-defined clinical trials are required to identify drug targets and their therapeutic significance. With these focused approaches, the future for improved therapies is promising.
Surgical procedure justificiation
Authors: Emmett Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This collection of articles by philosophers and psychoanalysts tries to show the relevance of each field to the other. The result is a disappointing hodgepodge, even if a fascinating and instructive one. The volume is dedicated to the philosophically inclined psychoanalyst, Ernest Jones. Unfortunately, Jones, for all his interest, still shared to a degree Freud's antipathy and misapprehensions about philosophy, equating it with sheer speculation. Psychoanalysts often respond erratically to philosophy, as if freely projecting to an inkblot. They tend to resort to their own familiar technical device, interpretation, when faced with a philosophical puzzle. The outcome is what Freud called "psychography": and emphasis on the unconscious origins of a philosophical position. Several papers here discuss interesting biographical gossip about philosophers, and make fascinating correlations of such information with their philosophical positions. This is having fun with trivia. But when the psychological origins are taken as an explanation of the
Diagnosis and Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: J DeVeaugh-Geiss
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1993)

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common anxiety disorder that appears to be due to a disturbance in central serotonergic functioning. Drugs, such as clomipramine, that inhibit neuronal reuptake of serotonin are effective in treating OCD. Behavioral therapy techniques are also effective.
THE MILITARY MEDICAL SERVICES
Journal: BMJ (1915)

TMEDICAL JoDS I67. N 23 195 CE..MDCA ORA they put uis into it, onily allowing; us' to buy ticklets to tlle Dutch fronitier stationi.There, very glad to feel ourselves free m-enl again, we bought tickets to Flushing, where we arrived at 11 p.m., only to be promptly arrested by the Dutch; hlio thought -% e were interned prisoners trying to escape.However, after telephoning back alonig the line anid hearingi we had actually crossed the frontier we were allowed to proceed and arrived at Folkestone next day.We do not seem to have been exclhanged, but seem rather to have been a sort of "present" fromi the Germans.
Centralized databases available for describing primary brain tumor incidence, survival, and treatment: Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; and National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Faith G. Davis, Bridget J. McCarthy, Mitchel S. Berger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1999)

Characteristics of three databases-the Central BrainTumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) database; the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database; and the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB)containing information on primary brain tumors are discussed.The recently developed population-based CBTRUS database comprises incidence data on all primary brain tumors from 11 collaborating state registries; however, follow-up data are not available.SEER, the population-based gold standard for cancer data, collects incidence and follow-up data on malignant brain tumors only.While not population-based, the NCDB identi es newly diagnosed cases and conducts follow-up on all primary brain tumors from hospitals accredited by the American College of Surgeons.The NCDB is the largest of the three databases and also contains more complete information regarding treatment of these tumors than either the SEER or CBTRUS databases.Additional strengths and limitations of each of these are described, and their judicious use for supporting research, education, and health care planning is encouraged.
An evaluation of serum pesticide residue levels and liver function in persons exposed to dairy products contaminated with heptachlor
Authors: P. A. Stehr-Green
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We studied a group of 45 dairy farm family members who had consumed undiluted raw milk products known to be contaminated with residues of the pesticide heptachlor at concentrations as high as 89.2 ppm (fat basis). We compared results of serum pesticide assays for these exposed persons with results for an unexposed group of 94 persons from the same geographic area and the results from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The exposed group had significantly higher mean levels of primary heptachlor metabolites—ie, heptachlor epoxide (0.84 ± 1.0 vs 0.50 ± 0.9 parts per billion) and oxychlordane (0.71 ± 0.8 vs 0.49 ± 1.1 parts per billion)—than the unexposed group. In the exposed group, 21.2% had elevated serum concentrations of these same metabolites; this rate was significantly greater than the rates in both the unexposed farm family members (heptachlor epoxide, 3.8%; oxychlordane, 6.3%) and the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey sample (2.5% for both metabolites). However, we found no evidence of related acute and/or subacute hepatic effects in these exposed persons regardless of their serum concentrations of pesticide residues. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:374-377)
Circadian variations in myocardial ischemia. Implications for management
Authors: C J Pepine
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Extended ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in the patient's customary environment provides clear evidence of circadian patterns in myocardial ischemic episodes. In patients with effort angina, the highest activity occurs between 6 AM and noon. This coincides with peaks in diurnal variation of frequency of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden death. A number of potential underlying common triggering mechanisms, including catecholamine secretion, sympathetic nervous system activity, blood pressure, heart rate, cortisol secretion, and aggregability of platelets, exhibit similar surges. As a result of these coinciding morning peaks, myocardial oxygen demand is increased and oxygen supply reduced after a person arises in the morning. Attention to this vulnerable period is merited in the timing and choice of medication, both to prevent or reduce ischemia and to modify potential disease-triggering mechanisms.
Moderate Lead Poisoning: Trends in Blood Lead Levels in Unchelated Children
Authors: Morri E. Markowitz, Polly E. Bijur, Holly A. Ruff, Kenneth Balbi, John F. Rosen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The appropriate clinical management of children who are moderately poisoned with lead (Pb) is under active investigation. To determine the pattern of change in blood Pb (BPb) levels in the absence of chelation therapy, we followed moderately Pb-poisoned children (initial blood Pb levels 1.21-2.66 mumol/l or 25-55 micrograms/dl) for 6 months with repeated BPb level measurements. Chelation therapy was not administered because all the children had negative lead mobilization tests indicating limited response to the chelating agent, calcium disodium edetate (CaNa2EDTA). Eligible children received the following interventions: notification of the health department to remediate lead hazards; reinforced educational efforts about the toxicity sources and treatment of Pb during 10 clinic and 3 home visits; and iron therapy for children with ferritin levels less than 16 micrograms/l. To quantify the lead paint hazards in the home, we combined a visual rating of the surfaces (intact to peeling) with an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement of the lead content of the painted surface. The sum of these assessments is termed the home environmental score (HES). Data were analyzed from 79 children. BPb levels declined by 27%, on average, over 6 months. HES was correlated with BPb at enrollment, but neither the initial nor later HES measurements predicted BPb at other time points. The HES was highest at enrollment and declined by 50% and 75% at the second and third home visits, respectively. However, only a minority of the children (20%) achieved an HES of 0, indicating no lead paint hazards at home. Despite some ongoing Pb exposure, a parallel fall in BPb levels was observed in subgroups of children with either initially low or high HES (above or below the median HES of 37). Iron status did not account for the change in BPb levels. These data provide evidence that our measure, the HES, is quantifiably related to BPb levels in children, that this correlation is significant only prior to intervention; and that BPb levels decline in children who are moderately poisoned with Pb after they are enrolled in a comprehensive intervention program, even in the absence of chelation therapy and in the presence of ongoing lead paint exposure and Fe deficiency.
Abstract 19155: Quantification of Progressive Pulmonary Valvular Insufficiency Using 4-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging in an Ovine Model
Authors: Yousi A Oquendo, Joyce Han, Yoav Dori, Matthew A Harris, Gerald A Zsido, Jeremy McGarvey, Chikashi Aoki, Satoshi Takebayashi, Walter R Witschey, Benjamin M Jackson, Joseph H Gorman, Robert C Gorman, Matthew J Gillespie
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Chronic postoperative pulmonary insufficiency (PPI) is the major cause of long-term morbidity and mortality in patients (pts) with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) can mitigate the risk, but optimal timing for PVR remains controversial. Time-resolved 3D phase-contrast MRI (4DF) provides insight into complex intracardiac flow patterns. 4DF may help inform management decisions regarding timing of PVR. We describe the first quantitative serial 4DF analysis in an ovine model of PPI. Methods: A baseline cardiac MRI (CMRI) was performed on four Dorsett sheep (36-39kg) on a 3-Tesla Siemens scanner. Following baseline MRI, animals underwent pulmonary valvectomy and transannular patch (TAP) placement yielding PPI. Follow-up CMRI were obtained at 5mo and 7mo post-valvectomy (PoVa). Pathlines were emitted from a circular region of interest (ROI) representing the pulmonary valve annulus. Velocities, flow rate, and stresses were obtained throughout a complete cardiac cycle and compared across time. Results: Systolic max velocity, average velocity, and flow rate normal to the ROI plane decreased over time. Diastolic velocities increased at 5mo before decreasing at 7mo PoVa. Regurgitant flow was observed in diastole PoVa , and regurgitant flow rate increased with time. The max and average component of shear stress (viscosity = 3 cP) along the pulmonary artery wall decreased over time in systole. In diastole, shear stress increased at 5mo and decreased at 7mo. Parameters plotted in Figure 1. Conclusion: 4DF provides a new method for visualization and quantification of alterations in blood flow patterns in the right side of the heart in an ovine model of PPI. Alterations in above parameters may indicate myocardial and pulmonary vascular deterioration precedent to morphological changes. Characterization of altered flow patterns in human pts with TOF may help to ultimately inform decisions regarding timing of PVR.
Better Research for Better Healthcare
Authors: Sophie Petit-Zeman
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

Better research for better healthcareThe ill-fated TGN1412 phase I study and Prince Charles versus the medical establishment over complementary therapies recently pushed evidence-based medicine and clinical trials into prominence.For a society with poor vocabulary about probability, risk and uncertainty, and which increasingly blurs boundaries between well and ill, moving the debates forward, and in unity, will be tough.Prince Charles called for orthodox medicine to learn from alternative, telling the World Health Assembly in Geneva 'The proper mix of proven complementary, traditional and modern remedies, which emphasizes the active participation of the patient, can help to create a powerful healing force in the world'.Which begs the question 'What's the proof?'.In parallel, 13 eminent doctors wrote to acute and primary care trusts urging them to review practices with regard to 'ways in which unproven or disproved treatments are being encouraged for general use in the NHS'. 1 About half of all general practitioners refer patients to alternative practitioners, and should stop if it is pointless.As clinical scientist Leslie Rose said, the letter was to 'instill equal vigour in gathering evidence for every treatment prescribed to NHS patients', adding that a business plan for refurbishing the Royal London Homoeopathic Hospitalwhich cost £20m to set up-put no emphasis on evidence.£20m can buy a lot of what works, and such support begs questions about government consistency in calling for hard evidence for healthcare.The hospital's Dr Peter Fisher described the letter as an attempt to introduce 'medical apartheid' into the National Health Service, and Terry Cullen, of the British Complementary Medicine Association, said: 'There is so much anecdotal evidence that thousands of people gain benefit from using complementary medicines.We shouldn't dismiss that'.He is right: which is where a major problem arisesconfusing treating illness with 'gaining benefit', and indeed anecdote with evidence.The World Health Organization defines health as 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity'. 2. But the NHS has enough to do without being charged-in both senses-with creating this nirvana.Hoards of sensible, bright people swear by various blends of snake oil for multiple malaises, from back pain to itchy skin to mild melancholy.And maybe it is more powerful.But we need hard evidence that we can cure cancer, bypass a heart or silence schizophrenic voices with homeopathy, reiki, reflexology or aromatherapy.That is not to say they
Childhood immunization registries
Authors: W. A. Orenstein
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We were pleased with the overview of immunization registries, or immunization information systems (IIS), by Mr Gostin and Ms Lazzarini.<sup>1</sup>However, several points raised by the authors require clarification. According to the article, "national data systems that can track all children and identify those who need to be vaccinated do not exist." While such a national system has been proposed,<sup>2</sup>state and local data systems were selected because immunizations are provided to persons in the community by local health departments and other private and public health care providers. Therefore, to accommodate local situations and preferences, IIS are most efficiently developed by state and local health departments. Developing IIS requires a great deal of collaboration among health departments, private providers, local volunteer and professional organizations, and many others. These collaborations can best be developed at the community level. Community-based IIS can fulfill the basic purposes of
The FXR agonist obeticholic acid decreases matrix metalloproteinase activity via RECK and TIMP modulation in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Laura Giuseppina Di Pasqua, Giuseppina Palladini, Clarissa Berardo, Veronica Siciliano, Marta Cagna, Luciano Adorini, Plinio Richelmi, Andrea Ferrigno, Mariapia Vairetti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Errors in Figure and Table 3
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2018)

Carlos Chavez de Paz Villanueva, MD; Valentina Bonev, MD; Maheswari Senthil, MD; Naveenraj Solomon, MD; Mark E. Reeves, MD, PhD; Carlos A. Garberoglio, MD; Jukes P. Namm, MD; Sharon S. Lum, MD
Cutaneous hemangiomas in children. Diagnosis and conservative management
Authors: A. M. Margileth
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Hemangiomas in infants and children are managed best by intelligent neglect. Other entities in this category are umbilical hernia, lingua fraenata (tonguetie) and the small ventricular septal defect. Vascular birthmarks pose a common management problem to physicians of almost every speciality because parents frequently seek treatment for such lesions. Although the phenomenon of spontaneous involution of hemangiomas in children was reported 77 years ago and further emphasized in recent articles,<sup>1-6</sup>many authors<sup>7-10</sup>continue to advocate or discuss active treatment. During the past seven years we have followed the course of 210 patients will 336 hemangiomas. Active treatment was not used in our patients. Some of the unfortunate complications of active treatment which occurred in children who received therapy elsewhere will be noted. We wish to reemphasize that progressive involution does occur with eventual complete regression in the majority of cutaneous hemangiomas. <h3>Description of Hemangiomas</h3> The subjects comprised 210
Coil valve syndrome: a rare complication of percutaneous transhepatic obliteration successfully treated by argon plasma coagulation and double-balloon endoscopy
Authors: Koji Nagaike, Shiro Hayashi, Kengo Nagai, Hirokazu Sasakawa, Kiyonori Yuguchi, Yuichi Yoshida, Masafumi Naito
Journal: Endoscopy (2019)

Corrected by: Correction: Coil valve syndrome: a rare complication of percutaneous transhepatic obliteration successfully treated by argon plasma coagulation and double-balloon endoscopyEndoscopy eFirstDOI: 10.1055/a-0936-2178
High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Angioimmunoblastic Lymphoma: Complete Remission at Transplantation Is the Major Determinant of Outcome Lymphoma Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: C. Kyriakou, C. Canals, A. Goldstone, D. Caballero, B. Metzner, G. Kobbe, H.-J. Kolb, J. Kienast, P. Reimer, J. Finke, G. Oberg, A. Hunter, N. Theorin, A. Sureda, N. Schmitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)
Transactions of the Medical Society of the State of New York for the Year 1893.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal