tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Substantial Shared Genetic Influences on Schizophrenia and Event-Related Potentials
Authors: Mei-Hua Hall
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: Several components of event-related potentials—P50 suppression, P300 amplitude and latency, and mismatch negativity—have been proposed as potential endophenotypes for schizophrenia on the basis of family studies. The present study used a twin design to estimate the extent of genetic overlap between these indices and the liability to schizophrenia. Method: The authors measured mismatch negativity, P300, and P50 suppression in 16 monozygotic twin pairs concordant for schizophrenia, nine monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia, and 78 healthy comparison twin pairs. The study design was based on a power calculation. Structural equation modeling was used to quantify the genetic and environmental contributions to the phenotypic covariance between schizophrenia and each of the event-related potential indices. Results: Significant phenotypic correlation with schizophrenia was found for each of the event-related potential components. Genetic factors were the main source of the phenotypic correlations. P50 suppression had the greatest genetic correlation with schizophrenia, followed by P300 amplitude, P300 latency, and mismatch negativity. Conclusions: All four event-related potential indices are potentially valid endophenotypes for schizophrenia, but P50 suppression and P300 amplitude show the closest genetic relationship to schizophrenia.
Upper and lower energy limits of vulnerability to sudden death with chest wall impact (commotio cordis) Mark S. Link, Barry J. Maron, Brian A. VanderBrink, Wei Zhu, Natesa G. Pandian, Paul J. Wang, N. A. Mark Estes, III. Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, MA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Growth Control in Mammalian Cells by Cell-Cell Contacts
Authors: Raimund J. Wieser, Doris Renauer, Anke Schafer, Rosario Heck, Renate Engel, Sonja Schutz, Franz Oesch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Growth of normal diploid mammalian cells in vitro is strongly regulated by the actual cell density. Cell-cell contacts via specific plasma membrane glycoproteins whose glycan moieties interact with specific receptors has been found to be a main growth regulatory principle. Malignant growth is suggested to result from impaired function of these receptors.
Safety and Efficacy of Pramipexole in Early Parkinson Disease
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Monotherapy with dopamine agonists may be useful in early Parkinson disease.To evaluate dose-response relationships for tolerability, safety, and efficacy of the synthetic dopamine agonist pramipexole.Multicenter, multidosage, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.University or academically based movement disorder clinics.A total of 264 patients with early Parkinson disease (PD) who were not requiring or receiving levodopa or other dopamine agonists were enrolled.Subjects were randomized to 1 of 5 treatment groups: pramipexole doses of 1.5 mg/d, 3.0 mg/d, 4.5 mg/d, and 6.0 mg/d, or matching placebo. A 6-week dosage escalation period was followed by a 4-week maintenance period and a 1-week period during which active treatment was withdrawn.The primary measure of tolerability was the proportion of subjects completing the study on the assigned treatment. The primary measure of efficacy was the change from baseline to 10 weeks in the total score on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS).Pramipexole was generally safe and well tolerated in this 10-week study. The proportion of subjects completing the study on the originally assigned dosage was 98% for placebo and 81% for the 1.5-mg/d, 92% for the 3.0-mg/d, 78% for the 4.5-mg/d, and 67% for the 6.0-mg/d treatment groups. There was a trend toward increased frequency of adverse experiences, particularly somnolence, in the 6.0-mg/d group. After 10 weeks of treatment, pramipexole-treated subjects showed a 20% improvement in total UPDRS scores, with mean improvements in scores ranging from 5.9 to 7.0 units among active treatment groups, compared with 0.9 units for the placebo group (P<.005 for each comparison with placebo). There was also evidence that the treatment effects were more pronounced in subjects with worse UPDRS scores at baseline.Pramipexole is safe and effective as short-term monotherapy in patients with early PD who are not receiving levodopa. Further study is warranted to determine the long-term impact of pramipexole on the progression of disability in PD and its value in comparison with levodopa therapy and other dopamine agonists.
A randomized controlled trial of a 12-month course of recombinant human interferon-α in chronic delta (type D) hepatitis: A multicenter Italian study
Authors: F Rosina
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

To determine whether long-term therapy with recombinant interferon-α can improve the course of chronic delta hepatitis, 61 Italian patients with this disease were randomly assigned to receive either interferon-α-2b three times a week (5 MU/m2 for 4 mo and then 3 MU/m2 for another 8 mo) or no treatment. At the end of the 12-mo study, all patients were followed-up for 12 additional months. Normalization or decrease of more than 50% from baseline of serum ALT levels occurred in 42% of treated patients the fourth month of therapy, 26% the twelfth month and 3% the twenty-fourth month vs. 7%, 7% and 0%, respectively, in the control group. However, relapses occurred in 7 of 8 (87.5%) responders 1 to 10 mo (mean = 3.5 mo) after cessation of therapy. Liver biopsies were carried out at baseline and during the twelfth month of treatment. Histological improvement, mostly caused by decrease of portal inflammation, was observed in 57% of treated and 36% of untreated patients. Measures of antiviral activity (serum hepatitis delta virus RNA and intrahepatic hepatitis delta antigen) showed similar levels in treated and control patients. In treated patients the percentage of patients who were negative for HDV RNA never exceeded that of baseline. Although interferon-α in the dosage given in this study had no antiviral effect on patients with chronic hepatitis D, it reduced hepatic inflammation as measured by ALT levels. Whether a longer duration or reinstitution of interferon-α therapy would achieve longterm control of ALT levels and prevent chronic liver damage is not known. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:1052–1056.)
Abstract 2482: A portable bioinformatics pipeline for the FDA authorized IMPACT DNAseq assay
Authors: Zuojian Tang, Nikhil Kumar, Allan Bolipata, Timothy Song, Cyriac Kandoth, Feng Liu, David Mcmanamon, Oliver Hampton, Nicholas Socci, David Solit
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract On November 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center's (MSKCC) IMPACT (Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets) tumor profiling assay and bioinformatics pipeline for clinical decisions in treating all solid tumors. The IMPACT test uses next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify the presence of mutations in 468 unique genes, fusions at known sites, copy-number alterations, and microsatellite instability (MSI). A version freeze of the bioinformatics pipeline was made public in May 2017 in Zehir et al. "Mutational Landscape of Metastatic Cancer Revealed from Prospective Clinical Sequencing of 10,000 Patients", Nat Med. 23(6): 703-713. Active development of the pipeline has continued in its CLIA-compliant computing environment, and the resulting improvements have been incorporated into an open-source portable research-grade bioinformatics pipeline. Here, we present results from Roslin, our research bioinformatics pipeline built to be functionally equivalent to the IMPACT clinical reporting workflow that includes manual filtering/annotation and signout by molecular oncologists. Roslin can be installed and executed on laptops, workstations, local compute clusters, or cloud compute servers. As a research-grade pipeline it is flexible enough to handle new assays including exomes/genomes, and extensible enough to add or replace components like reference genomes, sequence aligners, variant callers, false-positive filters, and functional/clinical annotation. Tracking all components and parameters used in each pipeline run allows researchers to easily generate method sections for manuscripts that are sufficiently detailed for peer-review and reproducibility of published results. Roslin has been deployed and tested on multiple high-performance clusters and cloud computing resources. It offers end users GUI driven workflow logging, run reporting, and real-time tracking (https://github.com/mskcc/roslin). Evaluated on NGS data from 128 tumors with signed out IMPACT clinical reports, Roslin achieves a recall rate of 98% for both somatic substitutions and indels, and 60% for fusions. Precision was 96% for substitutions, and 86% for indels. We present our work in maximizing precision and recall rates while retaining the portability, modularity, and reproducibility of Roslin. Citation Format: Zuojian Tang, Nikhil Kumar, Allan Bolipata, Timothy Song, Cyriac Kandoth, Feng Liu, David Mcmanamon, Oliver Hampton, Nicholas Socci, David Solit. A portable bioinformatics pipeline for the FDA authorized IMPACT DNAseq assay [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2482.
Portal hypertension from idiopathic superior vena caval obstruction
Authors: E. W. Fonkalsrud
Journal: JAMA (1966)

An unusual combination of idiopathic superior and inferior vena caval obstruction occurred in a 15-yearold boy. Portal hypertension with ascites and associated bleeding esophageal varices developed as a result of hepatic outflow obstruction due to the occluded inferior vena cava. Surgical decompression of the portal venous system was accomplished by splenectomy and placement of a Teflon tube graft between the splenic vein and the divided pulmonary artery to the left lower lobe, since the standard methods of creating an Eck fistula were not possible in this patient. The patient has experienced marked clinical improvement during the nine months following operation.
Medical News.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endocrinology, Springfield, Ill
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Burn treatment for the unburned
Authors: B. A. Pruitt
Journal: JAMA (1987)

A burn center, in which the endemic microbial flora varies across time and can cause miniepidemics of life-threatening infections, seems an unlikely site for the care of unburned patients with large open wounds.<sup>1</sup>Heimbach and associates<sup>2</sup>demonstrate that it is in a burn center that patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) can receive the wound care needed to prevent further skin injury and the general supportive care needed to minimize the physiological consequences of a large open wound. The treatment employed by the authors emphasizes measures to protect the surface exposed by the epithelial slough from further damage and prevent extension of the depth of the injury. Saline solution is recommended for cleansing the open wound and the entiretỳ of the wound is thereafter covered with a biologic dressing—porcine cutaneous xenografts. Two decades ago, Miller et al<sup>3</sup>demonstrated that prevention of surface desiccation of partial-thickness burns by
Certifying Examinations
Authors: MAHENDRA S. KOCHAR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 July 1973Certifying ExaminationsMAHENDRA S. KOCHAR, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)MAHENDRA S. KOCHAR, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-1-136 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Having recently passed the certifying examinations of the Royal College of Physicians of London, Royal College of Physicians of Canada, and the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM), I take this opportunity to compare the three examinations. The first two require the candidates to take an oral and clinical examination directed towards evaluation of their clinical competence. Because these tests are held at several centers and involve many examiners and a multitude of patients, it is almost impossible to standardize the tests. On the other hand, in the ABIM examination the only variable is the candidate himself....References1. SCHUMACHER C: Validation of the American Board of Internal Medicine Written Examination. Ann Intern Med 78: 131-135, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar2. PETERSDORFBECK RJ: The new procedure for evaluating the clinical competence of candidates to be certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med 76: 491-496, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar3. ROGLIERISMITHWERCH JRS: Board examination (letter). Ann Intern Med 78:459-460, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar4. WEISTROP L: Board certifying examinations (letter). Ann Intern Med 77:1001, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1973Volume 79, Issue 1Page: 136-137 Issue Published: 1 July 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Epidemiological Evidence of Carcinogenicity of Chlorinated Organics in Drinking Water
Authors: Kenneth P. Cantor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Concern has recently been voiced over possible chronic toxicity associated with chlorination of public drinking water supplies in the United States. This paper reviews the available evidence and the studies underway to further evaluate hypothesized associations between cancer risk and byproducts of chlorination. Preliminary data from measures of halogenated volatiles and personal exposure histories from respondents in a large epidemiologic study of bladder cancer are presented. These data support the use in epidemiologic studies of categorical measures of exposure and suggest that results from completed case-control studies, based on death certificates, may have underestimated the true risk of exposure to chlorination by-products. The current generation of studies which use a case-control interview design offer many advantages over earlier efforts to evaluate this issue.
Life Sciences, Oxford
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Modified PAGE-B score predicts the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asians with chronic hepatitis B on antiviral therapy
Authors: M. Lee, J.H. Kim, B.G. Jun, T.S. Kim, E.-H. Cho, D.H. Choi, K.T. Suk, S. Kang, M.Y. Kim, Y.D. Kim, G.J. Cheon, D.J. Kim, S.K. Baik
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2018)
JOHANN SCHULTES-CALLED SCULTETUS (1595-1645)
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Limitations of the electrocardiographic diagnosis of ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: A. Selzer
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Electrocardiography provides the clinician with an important tool, permitting the diagnosis of hypertrophy of either or both cardiac ventricles. Such information is of particular importance in patients with chronic cardiac overload, in whom the severity and the stage of the disease can be estimated. Thus, in systemic or pulmonary hypertension, in aortic or pulmonary stenosis, and in many other cardiac lesions, the development of ventricular hypertrophy indicates a serious degree of increased cardiac workload and often provides a reason for more agressive therapy. In the clinical application of electrocardiography, the clinician is encouraged by many writings crediting this procedure with extraordinary accuracy, up to a point of predicting the hemodynamic status of the patient from the tracing. It is often overlooked, however, that the bases for such claims are statistical correlations, which, as in all biological relationships, apply more to groups of cases than to individual examples. The unavoidable scatter
Regulation of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone-Expressing Neurons in Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus by Signals of Adiposity
Authors: Masoud Ghamari-Langroudi, Kristen R. Vella, Dollada Srisai, Michelle L. Sugrue, Anthony N. Hollenberg, Roger D. Cone
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Fasting-induced suppression of thyroid hormone levels is an adaptive response to reduce energy expenditure in both humans and mice. This suppression is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis through a reduction in TRH levels expressed in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). TRH gene expression is positively regulated by leptin. Whereas decreased leptin levels during fasting lead to a reduction in TRH gene expression, the mechanisms underlying this process are still unclear. Indeed, evidence exists that TRH neurons in the PVN are targeted by leptin indirectly via the arcuate nucleus, whereas correlative evidence for a direct action exists as well. Here we provide both in vivo and in vitro evidence that the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is regulated by both direct and indirect leptin regulation. We show that both leptin and α-MSH induce significant neuronal activity mediated through a postsynaptic mechanism in TRH-expressing neurons of PVN. Furthermore, we provide in vivo evidence indicating the contribution of each pathway in maintaining serum levels of thyroid hormone.
Author Name Misspelled
Authors: Stacy Shackelford, Deborah Del Junco
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Andrew R. Chapman, MD; Kuan Ken Lee, MD; David A. McAllister, MD; Louise Cullen, PhD; Jaimi H. Greenslade, MD; William Parsonage, DM; Andrew Worster, MD; Peter A. Kavsak, PhD; Stefan Blankenberg, MD; Johannes Neumann, MD; Nils A. Sörensen, MD; Dirk Westermann, MD; Madelon M. Buijs, MD; Gerard J. E. Verdel, MD; John W. Pickering, PhD; Martin P. Than, MD; Raphael Twerenbold, MD; Patrick Badertscher, MD; Zaid Sabti, MD; Christian Mueller, MD; Atul Anand, MD; Philip Adamson, MD; Fiona E. Strachan, PhD; Amy Ferry, BSc; Dennis Sandeman, MSc; Alasdair Gray, MD; Richard Body, PhD; Brian Keevil, PhD; Edward Carlton, PhD; Kim Greaves, MD; Frederick K. Korley, MD; Thomas S. Metkus, MD; Yader Sandoval, MD; Fred S. Apple, PhD; David E. Newby, MD; Anoop S. V. Shah, MD; Nicholas L. Mills, MD