tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatobiliary transport of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitors conjugated with bile acids*1
Authors: E PETZINGER
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To obtain prodrugs with affinity to liver parenchymal cells, the hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors HR 780 and lovastatin (syn. mevinolin) were conjugated with the bile acids cholic acid, taurocholic acid, and glycocholic acid. Hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of the coupled drugs were investigated and compared with the noncoupled drugs. Studies were performed with livers of normal Wistar rats, and TR−/GT− Wistar rats with deficient drug excretion. The experiments showed that the parent drug HR 780 was slowly excreted into bile. In contrast, the excretion of the bile acid-conjugated HR 780 derivatives S 3554 (conjugated with cholate), S 3898 (conjugated with glycocholate), and S 4193 (conjugated with taurocholate) was rapid and very efficient in both groups of rat strains. The bile acid-conjugated HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors showed a 10 to 20 times higher affinity for the uptake systems of bile acids than the noncoupled parent drug compounds, and even higher affinities than the bile acids themselves. The cholate conjugate of HR 780 (compound S 3554) was shown to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of taurocholate uptake and a competitive inhibitor of sodium-independent cholate uptake (K1 = 1 μmol/L). Uptake of radiolabeled S 3554 into isolated rat hepatocytes was observed to be rapid, cell specific, saturable, energy dependent, and carrier mediated. However, the carrier for S 3554 uptake was found not to be the cloned Na+-dependent taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide Ntcp. Expression of this carrier cRNA in Xenopus laevis oocytes did not stimulate S 3554 uptake.
Lymphoma
Authors: R. L. Wahl
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Lymphomas include Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Both types of lymphoma have multiple and complex methods of grading that are beyond the scope of this text but are reviewed elsewhere [1]. The diseases have a global presence, though prevalence of B- versus T-cell types of NHL vary geographically. In the United States, more than 80% of NHL are of B-cell origin, while the rest are of T-cell origin.
Progress in the development of trauma systems in the United States. Results of a national survey
Authors: G. J. Bazzoli
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the status of trauma system development and key structural and operational characteristics of these systems. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —National survey of trauma systems with enabling state statute, regulation, or executive orders and for which designated trauma centers were present. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Trauma system administrators and directors of 37 state and regional organizations that had legal authority to administer trauma systems, which represented a response rate of 90.2%. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Trauma system components that had been implemented or were under development. <h3>Results.</h3> —From 1988 to 1993, the number of states meeting one set of criteria for a complete trauma system criteria increased from two to five. The most common deficiency in establishing trauma systems was failure to limit the number of designated trauma centers based on community need. Although most existing trauma systems have developed formal processes for designating trauma centers, prehospital triage protocols to allow hospital bypass, and centralized trauma registries, several systems lack standardized policies for interhospital transfer and systemwide evaluation. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —State and regional organizations have accomplished a great deal but still have substantial work ahead in developing comprehensive trauma systems. Research is needed to better understand the relationship between trauma volume and outcomes of care as well as the impact of trauma system structure and operational characteristics on care delivery. Improved measures of patient outcome are also needed so that effective system evaluation can take place. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:395-401)
Levothyroxine Therapy
Authors: Yair Liel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 April 1994Levothyroxine TherapyYair Liel, MDYair Liel, MDSoroka Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva, IsraelSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-7-199404010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In the review by Mandel and colleagues [1] on levothyroxine therapy, activated charcoal was omitted from the list of conditions affecting levothyroxine requirements by interfering with intestinal absorption [2]. By contrast, evidence in favor of interference with levothyroxine pharmacokinetics by lovastatin is weak [3].The suggestion to separate by at least 3 hours the administration of levothyroxine from administration of medications that may interfere with its intestinal absorption could be risky because thyroxine undergoes enterohepatic circulation [4]. In our experience, separating the administration of an aluminum hydroxide from that of levothyroxine does not prevent considerable increase in ...References1. Mandel, SJ, Brent GA, Larsen PR. Levothyroxine therapy in patients with thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:492-502. Google Scholar2. Bergman F, Halvorsen P, van der Linden W. Increased excretion of thyroxine by feeding activated charcoal to Syrian hamsters. Acta Endocrinol. 1967; 56:521-4. Google Scholar3. Gormley GJ, Tobert JA. Drug interaction between thyroxine and lovastatin. N Engl J Med. 1989; 321:1342. Google Scholar4. Hays M. Thyroid hormone and the gut. Endocrine Res. 1988; 14:203-24. Google Scholar5. Sperber AD, Liel Y. Evidence for interference with the intestinal absorptin of levothyroxine sodium by aluminum hydroxide. Arch Intern Med. 1992; 152:183-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Soroka Medical Center; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva, Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThyroxine in Goiter, Helicobacter pylori Infection, and Chronic Gastritis 1 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 7Page: 619-620KeywordsDrugsIngestionPharmacokineticsThyroidThyroid-stimulating hormoneThyroxine Issue Published: 1 April 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Expression of PIM Kinases in Reed-Sternberg Cells Fosters Immune Privilege and Tumor Cell Survival in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Maciej Szydlowski, Monika Prochorec-Sobieszek, Anna Szumera-Cieckiewicz, Grazyna Hoser, Ewa Jablonska, Emilia Bialopiotrowicz, Przemyslaw Kiliszek, Tomasz Sewastianik, Anna Polak, Wojciech Czardybon, Michal Galezowski, Renata Windak, Krzysztof Brzozka, Krzysztof Warzocha, Jan Maciej Zaucha, Przemyslaw Juszczynski
Journal: Blood (2015)
Multiple regression
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Aims</h3> Hyponatraemia is the most common body fluid disorders but often goes unnoticed. Our laboratory incorporated a standardised procedure to help clinicians detect moderate/severe hyponatraemia. The study aims were to evaluate the outcomes on patient care and clinicians’ satisfaction. <h3>Methods</h3> The study, observational and retrospective, included 1839 cases, adult and paediatric patients, with sodium concentration &lt;130 mmol/L. The procedure consisted of interpretative comments in the emergency and core laboratories report and the point-of-care testing blood gas network report. We evaluated hyponatraemia length in two equal periods: before and after the implementation. We conducted a survey addressed to the staff of the clinical settings involved to know their satisfaction. <h3>Results</h3> The median hyponatraemia length decreased significantly from 4.95 hours (2.08–16.57) in the first period to 2.17 hours (1.06–5.39) in the second period. The lack of hyponatraemia patients follow-up was significantly less after the procedure implementation. The survey was answered by 92 (60 senior specialists and 32 residents) out of 110 clinicians surveyed. Ninety of them (98%) answered positively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We have demonstrated the reduction in the time for diagnosing and management by physicians, the higher uniformity in the time required to solve hyponatraemia episodes following our laboratory procedure and the clinicians’ satisfaction.
Time courses and quantitative analysis of atrial fibrillation episode number and duration after circular plus linear left atrial lesionsTrigger elimination or substrate modification: Early or delayed cure?
Authors: H KOTTKAMP, H TANNER, R KOBZA, P SCHIRDEWAHN, A DORSZEWSKI, J GERDSLI, C CARBUCICCHIO, C PIORKOWSKI, G HINDRICKS
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Answering the call of 'high tech medicine': wedding engineering to healing art, science
Authors: C. A. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE MEDICAL STUDENT with an urge to tinker with technology as well as heal patients has, with a few exceptions, been limited to one rather arduous option: getting two separate degrees, one in medicine, the other in engineering, and then fashioning an individual career. But as the practice of medicine has become increasingly intertwined with technology, so too has the need for programs that more smoothly wed engineering acumen to clinical skills. Harkening to that call is the Biomedical Technology Research Center, jointly sponsored by Emory University School of Medicine and the Georgia Institute of Technology, both located in the Atlanta area. Launched this spring, the center is one of at least three such programs that in one way or another seek to blend the best of the two disciplines. In the words of Richard Krause, MD, dean of Emory's medical school, "we need biological engineers [who are] the equivalent
Erratum
Journal: Circulation (1952)

In the paper entitled "The Management of Acute Cardiac Emergencies," by Clarence E. de la Chapelle and O. Alan Rose (Circulation 4: 764, 1951), an error in the dosage of intravenous ouabain appeared on page 770. The dosage stated is 0.5 Gm.; the correct dosage is 0.5 mg.
Population-level hepatitis C cascade of care among men who have sex with men in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Naveed Janjua, Amanda Yu, James Wilton, Prince Adu, Dr. Margo Pearce, Hasina Samji, Geoff McKee, Sofia Bartlett, Zahid Butt, Mawuena Binka, Younathan Abdia, Stanley Wong, Dahn Jeong, Emilia Clementi, Maria Alvarez, Dr. Jason Wong, Mel Krajden
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Instructions for Patients
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Psychopharmacology
Authors: Frank J. Ayd
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This is a book primarily for psychiatrists who are especially interested in and have more than a rudimentary knowledge of psychopharmacotherapy. In addition to these prerequisites, to fully appreciate the wealth of material in this comprehensive review, its reader must be trilingual or at least able to read French, German, and English. Of the 18 chapters, ten are in German, three in French, and five in English. There is an English summary at the end of each chapter, but these are very brief and do not provide much information. Hence, this book will be of little value to any one who cannot read German and French. Although this book is comprehensive—it covers all the psychoactive drugs, LSD, electroshock therapy, psychopharmacology, the design of clinical trials, rating scales, pharmacogenetics, the use of psychopharmaceuticals in children and adults, and the side effects of these drugs—it is superficial in parts. The coverage of
Excess mortality among psychiatric patients. The Iowa Record-Linkage Study
Authors: D. W. Black
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Of 5,412 patients admitted to the University of Iowa Psychiatric Hospital between Jan 1, 1972, and Dec 31, 1981, three hundred thirty-one died during the follow-up period, significantly more than expected. The risk for premature death was greatest among women and the young, especially those between the ages of 30 and 39 years. Risk was associated with all psychiatric diagnoses and was significantly higher among patients of either sex with an organic mental disorder or schizophrenia; women with acute schizophrenia, depressive neuroses, alcoholism, drug abuse, and psychophysiologic disorders and special symptoms; and men with neuroses. Suicide and accidental death were more frequent than expected and were responsible for two thirds of the excess deaths. During the total time of follow-up, women were at risk for natural deaths but men were not. Our most important finding was that 99% of the excess deaths occurred within two years of discharge. During this period there were undue numbers of both "natural" and "unnatural" deaths. The first two years after discharge are a time of great risk for psychiatric patients, particularly women. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:58-61)
Women benefit more from having a potential living liver donor than men
Authors: Ravikiran Sindhuvalada karnam, Shiyi Chen, Anand Ghanekar, Markus Selzner, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Sayed Blayne, Zita Galvin, Nazia Selzner, Ian McGilvray, Trevor Reichman, Leslie Lilly, Mark S Cattral, Mamatha Bhat
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Expenditures for reproduction-related health care
Authors: V. R. Fuchs
Journal: JAMA (1986)

THERE are 55 million American women of childbearing age (15 to 44 years), of whom about 30 million use some form of contraception, including sterilization. Approximately 10% have the opposite problem—difficulty in conceiving—and annually about 1 million couples seek medical advice or treatment for infertility. Each year approximately 6 million women learn that they are pregnant. One fourth of the pregnancies end with an induced abortion, and another 15% of these confirmed conceptions end in miscarriage or stillbirth. Over 3.6 million infants are delivered, of whom about 40,000 die within a year of birth. Nearly all of the infants receive some medical care and a small percentage receive a great deal. Currently there is considerable controversy about "high-tech" obstetrical methods, costly neonatal intensive care, and other reproduction-related expenditures, but there is little solid information available about these health services from an economic perspective. What fraction of total health care spending
Current Comment
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE MEDICAL PROBLEMS OF THE TRANSVAAL WAR.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Spandex dermatitis
Authors: M. H. Tanenbaum
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Moving to the front as a prominent cause of allergic contact dermatitis is the spandex material in brassieres. Within the past year several examples of this physically, socially, and psychologically unbalancing dermatitis have been noticed.<sup>1-3</sup>The striking, dry or weeping, scaling, very well-demarcated dermatitis corresponds anatomically to those areas of the trunk in contact with the spandex-containing portions of the bra. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 27-year-old white woman requested an appointment at a time when the waiting room would be empty. Physical examination revealed a sharply demarcated, strikingly symmetrical, red, weeping, scaling dermatitis of the shoulders and sides of the chest, and extending onto the back exactly in the pattern of portions of her bra. A square in the midline of the back where the bra hooked and the breasts were free of dermatitis. She had gotten a new brassiere four months previously, and about
Economics
Authors: Ron J. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

After nearly seven years of steadily increasing competition and the promotion of market forces in the health care industry, public policy measures designed to curb health care costs are failing. Since 1981, the administration's policymakers in Washington have pursued legislation and regulations to encourage competition in the health care field in order to bring the cost of health care under control. It was thought that the discipline of the marketplace and free market forces would encourage hospitals and physicians to bring their charges in line. The Medicare program has been radically changed to encourage cost containment. Some of these changes were overdue, but the prospective payment system has produced deleterious effects as well. Cross-subsidization of nonpaying patients by paying patients, once a fundamental principle of the industry, is no longer fashionable or accepted as good business. Resources are being diverted from expensive inpatient services to less costly ambulatory care settings.
P02.06 * DIFFERENCES IN THE EXPRESSION OF CD184, CD95, CD178 AND CD40 IN HUMAN GLIOMAS OF VARIOUS GRADES, BEFORE AND AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: J. Werner, G. Rohn, N. Breuer, R. Goldbrunner, M. Timmer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

OBJECTIVE: Cell surface molecules (CDs) are very important in diagnostics and a cornerstone in the process of understanding the behavior of tumors. A better understanding of the immunological surface of human glioma cells could lead to a deeper understanding of tumor-invasion, -progress and potential therapies. METHODS: Samples of different tumors were tested and compared. Groups were divided into WHO °II-, °III-tumors, °III-tumor relapse, primary glioblastoma (GBM) ± chemotherapy, secondary GBM ± chemotherapy and a control group with peritumoral tissue. Immunohistochemical staining with DAB and counterstaining with hematoxylin was performed with antibodies against CD184, CD95 and CD40 with 4 samples per group. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed and the relative expression levels of CD184, CD95, CD178 and CD40 analyzed; SDHA was used as a housekeeping gene. The cDNA was synthesized from RNA from 80 frozen human tumor samples, divided in the groups as described above, each group consisting of 10 samples. Moreover, human primary GBM cells were injected into the striatum of immunodeficient rats. These were treated with temozolomide or a control agent, respectively, in order to confirm the effects seen on the different CDs before and after chemotherapy in the human tumor samples in vivo. RESULTS: Both CD184 and CD95 showed a stronger staining in immunohistochemistry than CD40. In intra-group comparison, CD184, CD95 and CD40 showed increasing staining within rising WHO grade, whilst CD184 and CD95 made a big increase comparing °II and °III tumors, CD40 showed increasing staining comparing °III tumors and GBM. In quantitative real-time PCR, a significant higher expression level of CD95 and CD184 was found in primary glioblastoma, compared to the control tissue (p < 0.05), also CD95 showed a higher expression in primary compared to secondary GBM (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Stronger expression of cell surface molecules in higher-grade gliomas implicates an immunological change in the cell surface in the progression of low-grade tumors towards GBM. The difference of expression in primary and secondary GBM underlines the different genesis of these tumors. For a deeper understanding of mechanisms in tumor immunology of gliomas, further studies are necessary.
Public Health Doctors in Conference
Journal: BMJ (1963)

three had grand mal attacks.More recently L. A. Swanson and T. Okada' reported the death of a 38-year-old man from cardiovascular collapse after withdrawal of mepro- bamate, of which he had previously taken up to 10 g. daily.The symptoms of the syndromes of abstinence from barbiturates or meprobamate have much in common with each other and with alcoholic delirium tremens.An initial period of up to 12 hours without symptoms after withdrawal of the drug may mislead the unwary clinician.Thereafter anxiety, insomnia, sweating, vomiting, and tremor develop, followed in severe cases by confusion, fever, hallucinations, epileptic convulsions, and hypotensive heart failure.The convulsions may fail to respond to normal doses of anticonvulsants.I. C. Wilson8 described a patient with status epilepticus after withdrawal of meprobamate and benactyzine, in whom fits were stopped only by restoration of the previous medication, other anti-epileptic measures having failed.Haizlip and