tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Military Hygiene.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

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Hormonal maintenance therapy for women with low grade serous carcinoma of the ovary or peritoneum.
Authors: David Marc Gershenson, Diane C. Bodurka, Robert L. Coleman, Karen H. Lu, Anais Malpica, Charlotte C. Sun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

5502 Background: Although primary postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy remains the standard for women with newly diagnosed metastatic low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) of the ovary/peritoneum, multiple reports have indicated that this subtype is relatively chemoresistant. Based on reports of the promising activity of hormonal therapy in the recurrent setting, there is increasing interest in integrating this modality into the primary treatment setting. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of hormonal maintenance therapy (HMT) compared to surveillance (SURV) following primary treatment in a retrospective cohort. Methods: Eligibility included the following: newly diagnosed stage II-IV LGSC; treatment with primary cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy; and at least 2 years of follow-up for patients who had not recurred. Patients (pts) underwent SURV or received HMT following completion of primary chemotherapy. Pts who progressed during primary chemotherapy were excluded. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Between 1981-2013, 180 pts who met eligibility were seen at our institution (SURV = 114, HMT = 66). Median age = 47.7 years. 73% had primary ovarian LGSC, and 27% had primary peritoneal LGSC. 74.4% had no clinical evidence of tumor at completion of primary chemotherapy, and 25.6% had persistent tumor. 29.3% had no gross residual at the completion of surgery. Of pts who received HMT, 57% received letrozole, 32% received tamoxifen, 5% received anastrozole, and 5% received leuprolide acetate. Median duration of HMT was 26.1 months (range, 1-141). Overall median PFS was 34.0 months (95% CI 28.9, 39.1). Median PFS for SURV was 29.9 months (95% CI 26.1, 33.6) compared with 52.0 months (95% CI 27.6, 76.4) for HMT (p = .001 by log-rank test). By multivariable analysis, pts on HMT had a significantly decreased risk of recurrence compared to those on SURV (HR=0.21; 95% CI .10, .43) (p<.001). Conclusions: Women with stage II-IV LGSC who received HMT following primary treatment had a statistically significant improvement in PFS compared with women who underwent SURV. These findings appear to warrant further study using a prospective trial design.
DawnRank: discovering personalized driver genes in cancer
Authors: Jack P Hou, Jian Ma
Journal: Genome Medicine (2014)

Large-scale cancer genomic studies have revealed that the genetic heterogeneity of the same type of cancer is greater than previously thought. A key question in cancer genomics is the identification of driver genes. Although existing methods have identified many common drivers, it remains challenging to predict personalized drivers to assess rare and even patient-specific mutations. We developed a new algorithm called DawnRank to directly prioritize altered genes on a single patient level. Applications to TCGA datasets demonstrated the effectiveness of our method. We believe DawnRank complements existing driver identification methods and will help us discover personalized causal mutations that would otherwise be obscured by tumor heterogeneity. Source code can be accessed at http://bioen-compbio.bioen.illinois.edu/DawnRank/ .
NECROLOGY.
Authors: None W. E. S.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

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Infigratinib versus gemcitabine plus cisplatin multicenter, open-label, randomized, phase 3 study in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 gene fusions/translocations: The PROOF trial.
Authors: Milind M. Javle, Ivan Borbath, Stephen John Clarke, Erika Hitre, Christophe Louvet, Teresa Macarulla Mercade, Do-Youn Oh, Jennifer L. Spratlin, Juan W. Valle, Karl Heinz Weiss, Craig Berman, Michael Howland, Yining Ye, Terry Cho, Susan Moran, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

TPS4155 Background: Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common biliary tract malignancy with approximately 5,000–10,000 new cases annually in the USA. The fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family plays an important role in cholangiocarcinoma, with FGFR2 gene fusions detected in about 15% of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Infigratinib is an ATP-competitive, FGFR1–3-selective oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor. First-line treatment with chemotherapy offers only modest benefit and more effective treatment options are needed. Based on preliminary response data of infigratinib in relapsed/refractory cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 fusions/translocations (Phase 2 Study CBJG398X2204), the PROOF trial is evaluating infigratinib versus gemcitabine + cisplatin in front-line patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 gene fusions/translocations. Methods: Patients with advanced/metastatic or inoperable cholangiocarcinoma are randomized 1:1 to oral infigratinib once daily for 21 days of a 28-day treatment cycle versus IV gemcitabine (1000 mg/m 2 ) + cisplatin (25 mg/m 2 ) on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. Treatment will continue until confirmed progressive disease by central review, intolerance, withdrawal of informed consent, or death. After 8 cycles of gemcitabine + cisplatin, patients can continue treatment if the investigator considers that they are deriving continued benefit. Patients on the gemcitabine + cisplatin arm who progress can cross-over to infigratinib. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS, per RECIST v1.1 central review). Secondary endpoints include overall survival, PFS (investigator determined), overall response rate, disease control rate, duration of response, and safety. Quality of life, PK and exploratory genetic alterations/biomarkers will also be measured. Current status: The study was initiated in February 2019 with planned enrollment of 350 patients with confirmed FGFR2 gene fusions/translocations. Clinical trial information: NCT03773302.
Chrysotile Biopersistence in the Lungs of Persons in the General Population and Exposed Workers
Authors: Arthur M. Langer, Robert P. Nolan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Lung burden analysis was performed on 126 autopsy cases of persons who died in New York City from 1966 through 1968.Of the 126 cases, 107 were probably non-occupationally exposed, judging by occupational history and asbestos body content of lung.Fifty-three of the 107 cases con- tained short chrysotile fibers/fibrils, <5 pm in length, present in 3-fold greater amounts than were found in laboratory background controls.The fiber concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 15.7 x 106 f/gm/dry lung tissue, and the proportion of fibers .5 pm in length was only 0.34% of the total chrysotile population found.Other inorganic particles present included fragments of amphiboles.In contrast to these data, the lung parenchyma of persons occupationally exposed to asbestos commonly showed the presence of other fiber types, especially amosite and crocidolite, at very much higher concentrations and greater fiber length.Any chrysotile present would usually be in fiber bundle form, with both fibers and fibrils >5 pm in length.Comparison of the lung fiber content of occupationally exposed persons with that of the general population showed marked qualitative and quantitative differences.Fibers are durable, and are retained in a range of concentrations.Their length and dose, among other factors, which control their biological potential are different in the two populations; the risk factors for chrysotile-induced disease are not the same.-
T Tube: To Use or Not To Use?
Journal: JAMA (1973)

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Announcement: Review Focus on Inorganic Nitrite and Nitrate in Cardiovascular Health and Disease
Authors: Christopher Kevil, David Lefer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

A Review Focus on inorganic nitrite and nitrate is scheduled to appear in February, 2011, with the aim of reporting the most current research and clinical developments regarding nitrite/nitrate in cardiovascular health and pathophysiology.Inorganic nitrite and nitrate represent important storage reservoirs of nitric oxide that can be rapidly converted to nitric oxide through several mechanisms.Numerous recent advances have determined that these anions play critical roles in modulating cardiovascular function under several disease conditions and are important micronutrients for cardiovascular health.This special focus will provide a synopsis of nitrite/nitrate biology in cardiovascular systems and will identify key areas for future investigation.Preliminary topics of invited review articles related to inorganic nitrite and nitrate in cardiovascular health and disease include:
Nitrogen Dioxide Lowers Resistance
Journal: JAMA (1966)

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NECROLOGY.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biochemical Toxicology of Unsaturated Halogenated Monomers
Authors: Rudolph J. Jaeger, Rory B. Conolly, E. S. Reynolds, Sheldon D. Murphy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Previous inhalation toxicity studies from our laboratory have shown that 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE), 1,1-dibromoethylene (1,1-DBE), and 2-chloro-1,3,-butadiene (2-CBD) are more toxic to fasted rats than to fed rats. Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and 1,1-difluoroethylene (1,1-DFE) were not acutely hepatotoxic at 46,500 and 82,000 ppm, respectively, in normal male rats, whether fed or fasted. On a molar basis, 1,1-DBE and 1,1-DCE have similar toxicities while 2-CBD is less toxic. All three compounds produce similar elevation of serum transaminase and bloody ascites, although at differing times following differing exposure concentrations. 1,1-DCE produces massive midzonal hepatic necrosis with hepatic thrombosis and chromatolysis within 2 hr after a 4 hr exposure of fasted rats to 200 ppm. Subsequent to formation of this midzonal lesion, the central portion of the lobule collapses, accompanied by congestion, ascites, and in increased hematocrit in the rat. Serum transaminase and sorbital dehydrogenase are greatly elevated at 6 hr. This effect in fasted rats is associated with glutathione (GSH) depletion. Diethyl maleate (DEM) which depletes GSH in fed rats potentiates the injury associated with 1,1-DCE exposure as well as that produced by 2-CBD. Rats fed ad libitum and exposed to 1,1-DCE or 2-CBD at night, a time of low hepatic GSH concentration, exhibit enhancement of hepatotoxic response when compared to animals exposed during the day when GSH is high.
TAPE WORM.
Authors: JOHN M. BATTEN
Journal: JAMA (1892)

I shall only occupy your time briefly with the subject of the tape Avorms most common to man. The first case of tænia saginata, or beef tape worm, that came under my observation, was that of a married woman, æt. 40 years, English, mother of eight children. She had been unwell, suffering with the Usual symptoms of tape worm, for about two years; the most prominent of which, howvever, was the passage of segments of the tape worm from her bowels when they were evacuated. I ordered her to fast two days, when I gave her a tablespoonful of the oil of turpentine. At the next evacuation after taking the turpentine, the worm was discharged in its entirety. The worm was about 7 yards in length, and filled an open mouth 6 oz. bottle. The segments of the worm were fat, and yellowish-white. There was a considerable amount of strangury
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1930)

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The New York Academy of Medicine and the Public Health Bill.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFARE*Diabetic ComaA thirty-one-year-old gravida 6, para 4, registered for prenatal care at fourteen weeks when she weighed 84.8 kg. (187 pounds). She was next seen four weeks later, but failed to keep subsequent appointments. Urinalyses, including tests for sugar, were negative at both visits, as they had been on numerous occasions in previous years. By telephone at twenty-six weeks the patient complained of excessive thirst and frequent urination. Glycosuria was found at once (orange test) in a specimen brought by the husband, who was told to report this immediately to the physician who had referred . . .
PULSE
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Statin use and the development of bone metastasis in breast cancer patients.
Authors: Gentry Teng King, Jeong H. Yun, Young K. Chae, Matias E. Valsecchi, Mark S. Morginstin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

40 Background: The Mevalonic Acid Pathway has been implicated in the promotion of a microenvironment suitable for establishment of bony metastasis from breast cancer. The statins, which act on this pathway, have been shown to have in vitro antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. This study was designed to evaluate the association of statin use and development of bony metastasis in breast cancer patients. Methods: Medical records of patients treated for stage II-III breast cancer from 1999 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Statin use was defined as medication use for at least 3 months in patients with no evidence of disease after initial diagnosis and treatment. The primary outcome was development of metastasis to bone. Secondary outcomes were overall survival, disease free survival and other sites of distant metastasis. Results: A total of 841 patients were included in the study of which 223 used statins. Both unadjusted and multivariate analysis adjusted for age, race, grade, stage, BRCA status, showed that patients on statins had a significantly lower incidence of metastasis to bone (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.96, p=0.04). Adjusted analysis for other sites showed a trend towards decreased incidence of metastasis for statin users, but was not statistically significant (95% CI 0.39-1.08, p=0.10). Overall survival was increased in statin users with mean survival of 66.45 +/- 2.48 months versus non-users 58.78 +/ - 1.41 months (p=0.05). Statin users had significantly longer disease free survival with a mean of 63.65 +/- 2.49 months versus 53.96 +/- 1.42 months in non statin users (p=0.00). Conclusions: The use of statin drugs in patients with breast cancer was significantly associated with decreased incidence of metastasis to bone, but not to other distant sites. The role of statins in chemoprevention of bone metastasis should be further explored.