tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Errata</i>: Vol. 66, No. SS-5
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

In the Surveillance Summary "Health-Related Behaviors by Urban-Rural County Classification - United States, 2013," errors occurred in Table 1 and Table 2. On page 5, in Table 1, under the Micropolitan column, the 95% CI values should have been (75.7-77.3) for the current nonsmoking row and (29.8-31.4) for the maintaining normal body weight row; under the Noncore column, the 95% CI values should have been (74.0-75.9) for the current nonsmoking row, (28.0-29.8) for the maintaining body weight row, and (45.7-47.7) for the meeting aerobic physical activity recommendations row. On page 6, in Table 2, errors occurred in footnotes and the table is reprinted below.
Multiple sclerosis. A cluster in a small Northwestern United States community
Authors: M. J. Koch
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A cluster of six patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) occurred in Mossyrock, a community in the state of Washington, with a current population of 415. The estimated prevalence rate in this town was 20 times higher than that for the state of Washington, which has one of the highest rates of MS in the United States. A strong familial pattern was observed. All patients and many unaffected people had smallpox or measles during a major epidemic in 1924. While numerous other environmental factors were shared by the patients during childhood, no other unusual exposures were detected. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1555-1557, 1974)
Will this page still exist sometime in the future when you want to read about deteriorating paper in medical journals, other scientific literature?
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE MESSAGE to editors and publishers of medical books and journals is growing more insistent: practice preventive medicine with your paper. The problem is the "brittle book syndrome"—too-rapid decay of paper in publications printed since the mid-1800s, when papermaking techniques changed. A subcommittee of the House of Representatives' Education Committee has been conducting hearings on the problem, and the National Library of Medicine (NLM), part of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Md, is equally concerned. Specifically, the NLM wants medical publishers to use acid-free paper. This is "preventive medicine," according to NLM officials and others concerned with preserving the printed medical word, because 76 million books and countless periodicals on the shelves of libraries around the country are in danger of self-destruction from the acidic content of the paper they are printed on. That 76-million volume estimate for books on all subjects is from the Council on Library
LNA Anti-Microrna-155: a Novel Therapeutic Strategy In Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Yong Zhang, Aldo M. Roccaro, Oliver Broom, Sakari Kauppinen, Yang Liu, Brittany Morgan, Abdel Kareem A. Azab, Feda Azab, Patricia Maiso, Hai T Ngo, Antonio Sacco, Irene M Ghobrial
Journal: Blood (2010)
Economics is everybody's business
Authors: D. Riesenberg
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Diagnosis related groups are 6 years old; Canada's health care system is alternately blessed and cursed; the relative value of cognitive and procedural services sits at the brink. We hardly need to call readers' attention to any<i>JAMA</i>article on economics. However, in this issue ofThe JournalEisenberg<sup>1</sup>offers a primer on clinical economics that deserves brief comment. Today, there are compelling reasons for physicians to understand more of the "dismal science." Clinicians wonder how adopting a new therapy changes cost vs outcome, investigators seek promising research questions in the face of funding restrictions, and administrators puzzle over which organizational model protects the bottom line while maintaining proper patient care. The solutions to these problems affect not only our patients and us, but payers and society as well. Obviously each party takes a somewhat different view. Eisenberg,<sup>1</sup>in showing how the tools of economic analysis can help
Editorial Board
Authors: Donald Leung, Stanley Szefler, Colo Associate, Cezmi Akdis, Davos Switzerland, Andrea Apter, Pedro Philadelphia, Chicago Avila, Bruce Bochner, Joshua Boyce, David Broide, M Chb, La Jolla, Robert Calif, Madison Bush, Fred Finkelman, Dennis Ledford, David Peden, Marc Rothenberg, Cincinnati Ohio, William Shearer, Scott Sicherer, New York, Donata Vercelli, Erika Von Mutius, Statistics Editor, Vernon Chinchilli
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Vasectomy
Authors: S. Jamel, S. Malde, I. M. Ali, S. Masood
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 40 year old man attends your clinic with his 37 year old wife to discuss long term contraceptive options. They inform you that they have three children and have completed their family. The wife has been taking oral contraception for the past five years but does not want to continue with this. They have both considered other contraceptive options and have decided on vasectomy. Patient selection and counselling is crucial. To determine if vasectomy is suitable for them, consider the following points.
Products of the fos and jun Proto-Oncogenes Bind Cooperatively to the AP1 DNA Recognition Sequence
Authors: Gundula Risse, Manfred Neuberg, John B. Hunter, Bernard Verrier, Rolf Muller
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The products of the proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-jun form a tight protein complex that is a major component of the transcription factor AP1. To analyze the role of fos in the binding of this complex to the AP1 DNA recognition sequence and the mechanism of interaction in further detail, we have expressed a fos protein in E. coli using an expression vector containing the temperature-inducible lambda PL promoter and a synthetic translational start codon. The fos protein encoded by this construct (termed Baf) was enriched by biochemical purification techniques and was found to form a specific complex with c-jun obtained by in vitro transcription/translation. As shown in gel retardation assays, the baf/jun complex binds to the AP1 DNA recognition sequence with high affinity, while no significant binding was observed with either of the individual protein components, indicating cooperative DNA binding of the two proteins. The fact that the bacterial baf protein does not undergo glycosylation indicates that the post-translational modification of eukaryotic c-fos with N-acetylglucosamine is not required for the formation of a stable fos/jun/DNA complex.
We Have Tried Diets
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Simvastatin inhibits the pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic effects of IL-17 and TNFα on endothelial cells
Authors: Arnaud Hot, Vanina Lenief, Fabien Lavocat, Pierre Miossec
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, known as statins, are widely used for primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery atherosclerosis. Besides its lipid lowering properties, simvastatin has various anti-inflammatory effects. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to assess whether simvastatin modulates the effects of IL-17, an emerging actor in atherosclerosis. <h3>Methods</h3> The effect of simvastatin was assessed in HUVEC cells treated by IL-17 (100 ng/ml) alone or combined with TNFα (1 ng/ml), with or without mevalonate, a specific inhibitor of simvastatin. The effect of simvastatin on IL-17-induced cytokine or chemokine expression was assessed at the mRNA level using qRT-PCR or protein level by ELISA. Its effect on the IL-17-induced pro-thrombotic state and cell invasion was assessed using a lumiaggregometer and a matrigel assay, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> Simvastatin decreased IL-17-induced IL-6, IL-8, CX3CL-1, RANTES mRNA and CX3CL-1 and CCL-20 production. Simvastatin restored the level of IL-33 mRNA which was decreased by IL-17. Simvastatin reduced the expression of IL-17-induced pro-thrombotic genes such as tissue factor. Simvastatin restored the level of platelet aggregation to normal levels. Simvastatin enhanced the expression of CD39 and thrombomodulin mRNA initially reduced by IL-17 and TNFα combination. Simvastatin suppressed IL-17-induced EC invasion. All these effects were reversed by the addition of mevalonate. Finally, simvastatin had an additive effect with infliximab to decrease the effect of the combination of IL-17 and TNFα on IL-6 mRNA expression. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results indicate that simvastatin inhibits the pro-inflammatory, thrombotic and pro-aggregation effects of IL-17 on vessels. They provide a new understanding of the beneficial effects of statins in blood vessel inflammation.
Correlations between Chemically Related Site-Specific Carcinogenic Effects in Long-Term Studies in Rats and Mice
Authors: Joseph K. Haseman, Ann-Marie Lockhart
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

We examined a database of 379 long-term carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice to evaluate sex and species correlations in site-specific carcinogenic responses. Within a species, most target sites showed a strong correlation between males and females. For example, chemicals producing forestomach or liver tumors in males were likely to produce these same types of tumors in females. There was also a significant correlation between species for certain site-specific carcinogenic effects, most notably tumors of the forestomach, liver, and thyroid gland. In contrast, adrenal pheochromocytoma, preputial/clitoral gland neoplasms, and lung tumors showed no significant interspecies correlation. Many chemicals produced a syndrome of carcinogenic effects involving tumors of the skin, Zymbal gland, preputial/clitoral gland, mammary gland, and/or oral cavity. Regarding different target sites, there appeared to be a correlation between thyroid and liver tumors both within and between species. Further, all chemicals producing mesotheliomas in male rats also produced mammary gland neoplasms in female rats. In contrast, kidney and urinary bladder tumors showed no significant association with any other tumor type in rats or mice. If a chemical produced a site-specific carcinogenic effect in female rats or mice, there was approximately a 65% probability that the chemical would also be carcinogenic at that same site in males. The interspecies correlation was somewhat lower: approximately 36% of the site-specific carcinogenic effects observed in one species (rats or mice) were also observed in the other species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The effects of drugs, other foreign compounds, and cigarette smoke on the synthesis of protein by lung slices.
Authors: K Hellstern, C G Curtis, D G Upshall, G M Powell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The incorporation of 14C-leucine into rabbit lung slices was monitored in the absence and presence of selected drugs and chemicals relevant to the perturbation of lung function and the development of lung disease. Known inhibitors of protein synthesis (cycloheximide and ricin) inhibited the incorporation of 14C-leucine. Marked inhibition was also recorded with the lung toxins paraquat and 4-ipomeanol. By contrast, orciprenaline, salbutamol, and terbutaline were without effect although some response was recorded with isoprenaline. The filtered gas phase of cigarette smoke and acrolein, one of its components, were inhibitory but protection was afforded by N-acetylcysteine. It is suggested that the inhibitory effects of cigarette smoke may be due to its acrolein content. It is further suggested that the use of lung slices and measurements of 14C-leucine incorporation provide valuable means for monitoring potential pulmonary toxins.
MILROY'S MEDIO-TARSAL AMPUTATION.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract MP056: Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease is Present in 28% of Adults 43-55 Years of Age: Recent Findings of the CARDIA Study
Authors: J J Carr, Christina M Shay, David R Jacobs, Santiago Saldana, J G Terry, Stephen Sidney, Kiang Lui, Pamela J Schreiner, Cora E Lewis, James M Shikany, Jared P Reis, David C Goff
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) starts in childhood and progresses to advanced lesions in adult life. The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score is a measure of subclinical CAD that indicates advanced coronary atheroma and independently predicts future clinical events. Our objective was to document the prevalence and amount of subclinical CAD among black and white adults in early adult life. Methods: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a U.S. population-based, prospective, observational study of black and white men and women. Initially 5,115 participants age of 18-30 yrs were recruited in 1985-6. CAC was measured using non-contrast cardiac CT and reported as the Agatston score at three exams 15, 20 &amp; 25 years after the baseline visit. Results: CAC prevalence was 10.1%(309/3046), 18.6%(583/3140) and 28.1%(890/3160) when the returning cohort was between 33-45 yrs, 38-50 yrs, and 43-55 yrs, respectively (see figure). Prevalence of CAC at all time points was greater in men than women and highest in white men. In the most recent exam, black men had a lower prevalence of CAC (34.3% vs 47.7%) compared to white men but similar distribution of CAC amount. Quartiles of CAC among men with any CAC were: black men 10, 48, 183 and white men 14, 42, 173 (Q1, Q2(median) and Q3 respectively). Change in CAC score among participants in the two most recent CT exams was observed in 29.8% (774/2600). Of those participants, 89.3%(691/774) had any increase in CAC score and 66.7%(516/774) an increase of 10 units or greater. Prevalence of CAC was highly correlated with age and no period effect was observed. Conclusions: 28% of adults less than 55 years of age have advanced plaque in their coronary arteries indicating significant subclinical disease burden. Prevalence is highest in white men, followed by black men and then women in these age ranges. Black men, given CAC, have a comparable amount of CAC to white men. Subclinical CAD is prevalent in early adulthood and once initiated appears to progress in the vast majority of adults.
Response
Authors: S. Narod
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

ResponseDr Qui makes a salient point.The hazard ratio for death from ovarian cancer given a PPM1D mutation, after adjustment for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation, age of diagnosis, stage, and grade, was 1.8 (95% confidence interval = 1.1 to 3.1).
FRI0499 Nailfold capillaroscopy in systemic sclerosis: data from the eular scleroderma trials and research (EUSTAR) registry
Authors: F. Ingegnoli, I. Ardoino, P. Boracchi, M. Cutolo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Microvascular findings in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) document a significant loss of the peripheral vascular network, with loss of capillaries, deficient vascular repair and the absence of new vessel growth, and subsequent tissue ischemia and fibrosis. The sequence of these alterations in the microcirculation can be observed using a reliable, rapid, non-invasive examination such as nailfold capillaroscopy, which can be regarded as the most valuable technique for assisting the early diagnosis of SSc and monitoring the evolution of microangiopathy in overt SSc. <h3>Objectives</h3> To obtain cross-sectional data on theuse of capillaroscopy in an international multi-centre cohort of SSc patients and to investigate the frequency of the capillaroscopic patterns and their disease-phenotype associations. <h3>Methods</h3> This study examined data collected betweenJune 2004 and October 2011in the EULAR Scleroderma Trials And Research (EUSTAR) registry. SSc adult patients who had at least one capillaroscopy were analyzed. Patients’ profiles based on clinical and laboratory data were obtained by cluster analysis and the association between profiles and capillaroscopy was investigated by multinomial logistic regression. <h3>Results</h3> 67.6% of EUSTAR centers that responded to the survey perform capillaroscopy regularly using mainly the videocapillaroscope (70.3%), otherwise microscope (24.3%) and dermatoscope (5.4%) were used. 62 of 110 (56.4%) EUSTAR centers entered data on capillaroscopy in the EUSTAR database. 376 of 2754 patients (13.65%) were classified as scleroderma pattern absent, but non-specific capillary abnormalities were noted in 55.48% of cases. Four major patients’ profiles were identified. They are characterised by a progressive severity for skin involvement, as well as an increased number of systemic manifestations. The “early” and “active” scleroderma patterns were generally observed in patients with mild/moderate skin involvement and a low number of disease manifestations, while the “late” scleroderma pattern was found more frequently in the more severe forms of the disease. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the largest multicenter international study on SSc and capillaroscopy. These data indicate that capillaroscopic patterns are directly related to the extent of organ involvement and to disease progression. Widespread use of capillaroscopy may be of a great value in monitoring the disease course. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract MP13: Circulating Long-chain Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiac Structure and Function
Authors: Fumiaki Imamura, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Xiaoling Song, John S Gottdiener, David S Siscovick, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: We previously observed a prospective association of higher levels of plasma phospholipid long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFA, 22:1 and 24:1 fatty acids) with higher risk of incident congestive heart failure (CHF) in two independent cohorts: the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. This is consistent with decades-old animal experiments demonstrating cardiotoxicity of LCMUFA, including cardiac lipid accumulation and dysfunction. However, relationships of LCMUFA to cardiac structure and function in humans are unknown. Aim: to evaluate associations of circulating LCMUFA with indices of cardiac structure and function including left-ventricular mass (LVM), LV hypertrophy (LVH), LV wall thickness, and systolic and diastolic function. Methods: We evaluated 2,220 CHS participants (age=74.6±5.0) in whom plasma phospholipid LCMUFA were measured in 1992 and M-mode echocardiography was performed in 1996. Primary outcomes were LVM index (LVM / height to the 2.7th power), LVH (LVM / height, &gt;143 g/m for men and &gt;102 g/m for women), LV wall thickness (average of posterior and septal wall thickness), systolic function (% fractional shortening), and diastolic function (ratio of early to atrial ventricular filling velocities, E/A ratio). Adjusting for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, dietary factors, and prevalent cardiovascular diseases, we performed linear regression analyses to examine associations of 22:1 and 24:1 levels with each continuous outcome. For LVH (a common binary outcome), Poisson regression analysis was performed. Results: Mean±SD plasma phospholipid levels of 22:1 and 24:1 were 0.03±0.01 and 1.96±0.44 percent of total fatty acids. Across the interdecile range, higher levels of 22:1 and 24:1 were each associated with lower fractional shortening by 1.2% (95% confidence interval=0.1-2.3%, p=0.03) and 1.4% (0.2-2.7%, p=0.02), respectively. Higher levels of 22:1 and 24:1 were also associated with higher risk of LVH by 27% (0-62%, p=0.05) and 40% (5-86%, p=0.02), respectively. LCMUFA were not associated with LVM index, LV wall thickness, or E/A ratio (p&gt;0.1 each). Findings were similar after excluding 410 adults with prevalent coronary heart disease or CHF. Conclusions: Higher circulating levels of plasma phospholipid 22:1 and 24:1 were associated with two indices of lower systolic function and greater risk of LVH, but not with other indices. These findings, if replicated, suggest mechanistic pathways whereby LCMFUA exposure may increase CHF risk and potentially inform future prevention efforts.
Structure-Toxicity Relationships of Acrylic Monomers
Authors: John Autian
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Esters of acrylic acid, in particular methyl methacrylate, have wide applications in a number of industrial and consumer products, forming very desirable nonbreakable glass-like materials. In dentistry, the monomers are used to prepare dentures and a variety of filling and coating materials for the teeth. Surgeons utilize the monomers to prepare a cement which helps anchor prosthetic devices to bone. Special types of acrylic monomers such as the cyano derivatives have found a useful application as adhesive materials. Most of the acrylic acid esters are volatile substances and can produce various levels of toxicity if inhaled. A large number of workers thus exposed to the vapors of these esters can develop clinical symptoms and signs of toxicity. This paper will discuss the toxicity of a large number of acrylic esters, and will attempt to show structure-activity relationships where such data are available. General comments will also be made as to the potential health hazards this variety of esters may present to selected segments of the population.