tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Postgraduate Gastroenterology.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

This typically English textbook is designed to cover the field of protozoology only, and with reference to Great Britain only and presumably especially for the (medical) undergraduate and.general practitioner for whom such provision is practically non-existent.The subject matter of this book covers an excellent introduction, 61 out of 321 pages.Here are nicely discussed the general features, classification and ecology of the protozoa.From the clinical viewpoint the subject matter is limited to protozoa, therefore actually to "amoebas," Leishmania, trypanosomes and the very minor groups of flagellates, Coccidia and ciliates, most of which are non-pathogenic (like most of the amebas also).This volume is a valuable aid for medical persons who need such a protozoology as limited above.For American physicians and medical students its usefulness would be considerably less than the more complete parasitologies by Craig and Faust, Chandler, Sawitz and Belden.
Editorial: Salmonellas in sausages.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

a negative laparotomy, though the risk to the mother has been shown to be negligible and to the fetus very slight.8 9 In fact, nothing disturbs the fetus so much as appendicitis progressing to peritonitis.Once the doctor appreciates that serious disorders may lurk behind seemingly mild signs it is essential to look critically at what symptoms and signs there are.If after a short period of "active observation"'0 the surgeon is still unable to exclude acute appendicitis, then he must for safety's sake make a muscle-splitting incision5 11 over the point of maximum tenderness.In acute appendicitis, even in advanced pregnancy, this approach will provide good exposure of the appendix and cause the minimum of uterine disturbance.When in doubt the surgeon must look and see, not wait and see.
PORTUGAL
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INDUSTRIAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
Authors: D J Kilian, G Barna-Lloyd
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Industrial epidemiology is a specialized discipline concerned with the study of disease occurrence in specific subgroups of the general population, i.e., of relatively healthy members of the work force for whom adequate records are available. Although the ultimate purpose of industrial epidemiology--the prevention of disease--is a logical extension of programs of industrial medicine and occupational and community health, epidemiologic methods must draw on interdisciplinary skills. The existence of centralized records kept in the course of business may make it easier to collect information about industrial populations than to gather data relative to other population subgroups. Many deficiencies in epidemiologic studies of worker groups, however, can be related to poor methods of data-gathering, inadequate record keeping, and an incomplete data base. Sources of information for epidemiologic studies of worker groups may include personnel and medical records, government reports, insurance files, production records, industrial hygiene measurements, surveys and questionnaires, and an organized follow-up program. In some cases, the ready availability of multiple sources of information may lead to differential information bias, and this should be avoided.
Metabolic modification of some neurologic disorders
Authors: G. C. Cotzias
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Some of the most spectacular drugs in the history of medicine (digitalis, quinine, penicillin) were discovered when at least two events collided randomly: a biological accident and an observer who happened to be in a perceptive state. Since such discoveries depend on an improbable happenstance, society has not yet proved capable of promoting them willfully to an appreciable degree. By sharp contrast, insulin and cortisone were developed after a slow accumulation of data, that were subjected later to novel interpretation. This approach is not a spectacular one. It is, however, readily amenable to promotion by the sequential testing of hypotheses in the laboratory and on the wards. This latter consideration may justify the personal character of the present account. <h3>Background</h3> My colleagues and I have long been interested in the metabolism of biogenic amines<sup>1,2</sup>and in that of essential trace metals like manganese.<sup>3,4</sup>Both classes of substances are
RNA Editing
Authors: Larry Simpson, Ronald B. Emeson
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1996)

RNA editing is a term describing a variety of novel mechanisms for the modification of nucleotide sequences of RNA transcripts in different organisms. These editing events include (a) the U-insertion and -deletion type of editing found in the mitochondrion of kinetoplastid protozoa, (b) the C-insertion editing found in the mitochondrion of Physarum, (c) the C-to-U substitution editing of the mammalian apoB mRNA, (d) a similar C-to-U substitution editing of mRNAs in higher plant mitochondria and chloroplasts and in tRNAs of marsupials and rats, (e) a diverse nucleotide substitution editing of tRNAs in Acanthomoeba mitochondria, and (f) the A-to-I type of editing found in the mammalian glutamate receptor subunits. These diverse phenomena involve several different enzymatic mechanisms. In several cases, duplex RNAs with internal or external guide sequences help determine the site specificity of editing. The A-to-I editing observed in RNAs encoding non-NMDA glutamate receptor subunits may be due to the actions of a double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase that is widespread in higher organisms. Although the function of many RNA editing events is unclear, the biological importance of RNA editing in other systems may prove as significant as the nucleotide modifications regulating the cation selectivity and electrophysiological profiles elaborated by non-NMDA glutamate receptors in the mammalian brain.
DRIED MILK IN INFANT FEEDING
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contraceptive pills
Authors: F. A. Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I should like to mention the possibility of a connection between nasal obstruction as a cause of sudden death (as described in your editorial [<b>205</b>:639, 1968]) and the use of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). An annotation has recently described a number of more or less serious complications due to an idiosyncratic (not allergic) response to aspirin (<i>Lancet</i><b>2</b>:618, 1968). Aspirin is also said to be a powerful histamine releaser in predisposed patients. In your editorial it is mentioned that "the majority who die have a history of preceding minor respiratory illness." This condition will often call for aspirin (not seldom used in too high doses for young infants), and thus the etiology suggested here should not be improbable.
THE TREATMENT OF KETOACIDOSIS-RESISTANT DIABETIC PATIENTS
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial First Birthday
Authors: J. R. E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

Editorials1 October 1961Editorial First BirthdayJ. R. E.J. R. E.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-55-4-697 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWith this issue the annals starts its second year under the guiding hands of the new editors. On such an editorial first birthday a rapid assessment seems in order of the editorial state of affairs. The first reaction of the editors is one of surprised relief that we are still afloat; perhaps it is not too much to say that we seem to be well-launched on our voyage across the editorial high seas.In getting our voyage under way during this first year we have signed on a good crew. We have two devoted, hard-working, and able editorial assistants who... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1961Volume 55, Issue 4Page: 697-698 Issue Published: 1 October 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Penicillamine-induced pemphigus
Authors: J. Zone
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Penicillamine therapy has been associated with a variety of autoimmune disorders, including pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus. The "late scaling rash" or oral ulcerations associated with penicillamine may represent the superficial erosions of early pemphigus. We describe four patients with pemphigus induced by penicillamine therapy and emphasize the "seborrhea-like" characteristics of this eruption that may obscure the diagnosis. A high prevalence (71%) of HLA-B15 is noted in the seven patients on whom HLA data are available. Early recognition is important because of the potentially fatal nature of pemphigus. The mechanism by which penicillamine induces or unmasks pemphigus and other immunologic syndromes remains to be elucidated. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2705-2707)
Costs of Automated Multiphasic Screening
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gene hunters nab the Huntington's defect; now tests can suggest not only if but when
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1993)

HOLLYWOOD screenwriters couldn't have created a better ending to this real-life story: the genetic defect that causes Huntington's disease was so beguiling and elusive that some of the biggest names in biological research set competition aside to form an unprecedented international search party. Their task would be straightforward, or so they thought. But elegant experiments that profited other gene stalkers led only to dead ends and disappointments. Their search, they came to realize, was a long, mean endurance test in the salt mines of science, and it brought these giants to their knees before they captured their prize. Last month, their quest ended where it began, in the laboratory of James Gusella, PhD, director of the Molecular Neurogenetics Unit at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. The place seems particularly fitting, since it was in the same laboratory a decade earlier that Gusella's team identified the gene's ball-park location on chromosome
Prostate cancer specific mortality and overall survival outcomes for salvage radiation therapy after radical prostatectomy.
Authors: Shree Agrawal, Jason A. Efstathiou, Jeff M. Michalski, Thomas Michael Pisansky, Bridget F. Koontz, Stanley L. Liauw, Matthew Abramowitz, Alan Pollack, Mitchell Steven Anscher, Drew Moghanaki, Robert B. Den, Anthony L. Zietman, W. Robert Lee, Kevin L. Stephans, Jason W.D. Hearn, Daniel Eidelberg Spratt, Tianming Gao, Michael W. Kattan, Andrew J. Stephenson, Rahul D. Tendulkar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)
The Anatomy of the Human Skeleton.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hormone replacement therapy in general practice.
Journal: BMJ (1991)

9% of the patients in their study receiving menopausal therapy?And how do oestrogens achieve their beneficial effects?Why when Mr Wilkes and Dr Meade report such enthusiasm for oestrogen replacement therapy among the general practitioners they surveyed were so few women receiving treatment?In our experience many general practitioners are less enthusiastic.We see many women who are given only a few months' or at most one year's treatment by their general practitioner.Shears reported that 82% ofgeneral practitioners in Brighton considered the optimum duration of oestrogen replacement therapy to be less than one year.6Epidemiological studies, however well designed, will not tell us how oestrogens prevent bone mineral loss or coronary thrombosis.No amount of epidemiology could show that oestrogen receptors are widely distributed on the heart and blood vessels of primates including humans7 or that oestrogens dilate peripheral blood vessels8 and increase cardiac output in animals9 and women' and prevent coronary artery thrombosis in monkeys fed an atherosclerotic diet.'0Nor is the "most controversial issue... the place of unopposed oestrogen in treating women who have not under- gone hysterectomy" as Mr Wilkes and Dr Meade suggest.5Oestrogen replacement therapy has been avail- able since the 1940s, and the first placebo controlled study of its beneficial effects was reported in 1950.1"So instead of advocating yet more trials of the effects of particular therapeutic regimens an epidemiological unit could well ask why, 40 years later, 91% of British women are missing out on treatment that reduces mortality and morbidity and improves their quality of life.
Late axillary recurrence after negative SLNB.
Authors: Cindy Brown Matsen, Kristine Villegas, Anne Eaton, Michelle Stempel, Aidan Manning, Monica Morrow, Alexandra S. Heerdt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1033 Background: SLNB is the standard axillary evaluation method for clinically node-negative patients with invasive breast cancer. While axillary recurrence (AR) in the early years after negative SLNB is <2%, studies with longer (>8 yrs) follow-up on large patient numbers are lacking. With concern that current multimodality therapy may delay time to AR, we reviewed long-term SLNB patient outcomes. Methods: We identified patients with invasive cancer from a prospective, single-institution database who had a negative SLNB without additional axillary surgery from 1/97-12/00. Cancer, demographic, and treatment data were obtained for all patients. Primary outcome was AR. Overall survival (OS) and distant disease-free survival (DDFS) after AR were secondary endpoints. Results: 1529 eligible patients were identified. See table for patient and tumor characteristics. At 10.8 yrs (0-16) median follow-up, overall incidence of AR as a first event was low, n= 13. Median OS after AR was 4.6 yrs and median DDFS after AR was 3.8 yrs. The cumulative incidence of AR was 1.0% (CI 0.5-1.6) overall; cumulative incidence of 0.6% (CI 0.2-0.9) in the first 5 years, 0.4% years 5-10. Late AR (>5 yrs) occurred in 5 patients: 4 ER+, 1 HER2+. In comparison, in a group of contemporaneous SLNB-positive patients undergoing axillary dissection (n=902), overall cumulative incidence of AR was 0.8% (CI 0.2-1.5) at over 10 yrs follow-up. On univariate analysis of AR in SLNB-negative patients, high nuclear grade was the only significant predictor of AR (p=0.01). Conclusions: Late AR was an infrequent event after negative SLNB alone emphasizing its long-term safety as a staging procedure. AR after SLNB, like AR after ALND, portends a poor prognosis. Patient and tumor characteristics of study population. Characteristic # Evaluable Age 1,529 57 (12-88) N (% ) Surgery 1,529 Conservation 1,297 (85) Mastectomy 232 (15) Nuclear grade 1,190 Low 147 (12) Intermediate 712 (60) High 331 (28) Path tumor size (median) 1,489 1.0 cm (0.1-5.0) ER+ 1,088 874 (80) PR+ 1,079 671 (62) HER2 status 772 Positive 111 (14) Negative 571 (74) Equivocal 90 (12) Radiation 1,454 1,099 (76) Chemotherapy 1,451 536 (37) Hormone therapy 1,398 866 (62)
Chronic myelogenous leukemia shapes host immunity by selective deletion of high-avidity leukemia-specific T cells
Authors: Jeffrey J. Molldrem, Peter P. Lee, Shreya Kant, Eric Wieder, Weidong Jiang, Sijie Lu, Changqing Wang, Mark M. Davis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

We have shown that cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for PR1, an HLA-A2-restricted nonopeptide derived from proteinase 3, kill leukemia cells and may contribute to the elimination of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) after treatment with IFN or allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Some patients with persistent disease also have circulating PR1-specific T cells, however, suggesting the likelihood of immune tolerance. Here we show that both high- and low-avidity PR1-specific T cells from the peripheral blood of healthy donors can be identified and selectively expanded in vitro. Although high-avidity PR1-specific T cells killed CML more effectively than low-avidity T cells, only high-avidity T cells underwent apoptosis when stimulated with high PR1 peptide concentration or when exposed to leukemia that overexpressed proteinase 3. No high-avidity PR1-specific T cells could be identified or expanded from newly diagnosed leukemia patients, whereas low-avidity T cells were readily expanded. Circulating high-avidity PR1-specific T cells were identified in IFN-sensitive patients in cytogenetic remission, however. These results provide evidence that CML shapes the host immune response and that leukemia outgrowth may result in part from leukemia-induced selective deletion of high-avidity PR1-specific T cells.
Metabolic fuel selection: the importance of being flexible
Authors: P. E. Bickel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Studies in genetically engineered mice have shown the importance of cross-talk between organs in the regulation of energy metabolism. In this issue, a careful metabolic characterization of mice with genetic deficiency of the GLUT4 glucose transporter in adipocytes and muscle is reported. These mice compensate for decreased peripheral glucose disposal by increasing hepatic glucose uptake and lipid synthesis as well as by increasing lipid utilization in peripheral tissues. These findings are relevant to humans with type 2 diabetes, in whom a key feature is diminished peripheral glucose disposal.