tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Histologic Observations on Sleeping Sickness and Other Trypanosome Infections.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Guidelines for Lumbar Radiographs for Patients With Low Back Pain
Authors: Benjamin Gutierrez
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Suarez-Almazor and colleagues<sup>1</sup>note the potential for the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) guideline recommendations for the diagnosis of low back pain to increase the use of lumbar radiographs for patients with "red flags" for fracture, tumors, or infections and suggest that a more restricted and cost-efficient set of guidelines should be proposed. As a large health insurance company with 6 million subscribers, we have chosen to use the AHCPR guideline recommendations to reduce the use of lumbar rediographs and other diagnostic imaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic scans) of the lumbar region for the evaluation and management of patients with acute low back pain who do not exhibit red flags. We use the guidelines to educate our health care professionals about appropriate and cost-effective medical treatment. As with any recommendations, we do not expect strict adherence to the guideline
Abstract 1729: Objectively Measured, but Not Self-Reported, Medication Adherence Independently Predicts Event-Free Survival in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Jia-Rong Wu, Debra K Moser, Misook Chung, Terry A Lennie
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Medication nonadherence is presumed to be related to poor clinical outcomes including emergency department (ED) visits, rehospitalization and mortality, yet this relationship has not been tested using objective adherence measures in patients with heart failure (HF). Therefore, it is unknown which objective indicators of medication adherence predict clinical outcomes and how self-reported adherence measures compare to objective measures in predicting clinical outcomes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine which indicators of medication adherence are predictors of event-free survival in patients with HF. Methods: A total of 134 patients with HF (70% male, 61 ±12, 61% NYHA III/IV) were enrolled in this 6-month longitudinal predictive study. Medication adherence was measured using an objective measure, the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) and self-reported adherence from the Medical Outcomes Studies Specific Adherence Scale. Four indicators of adherence were assessed by the MEMS: dose-count, percentage of prescribed doses taken; dose-days, percentage of days the correct number of doses taken; dose-time, percentage of doses taken on schedule; and therapeutic coverage, percentage of time therapeutic drug action maintained. Events (ED visits, rehospitalization, and mortality) were obtained by patient/family interview and hospital databases. Results: In Cox regression, three of the four MEMS indicators, dose-count, dose-day, and therapeutic coverage, predicted time to first event before and after controlling age, gender, ejection fraction, NYHA, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and beta-blocker use ( p = .004, .008, and &lt; .001, respectively). Self-report medication adherence did not predict outcomes ( p = .402). Conclusions: The percentage of prescribed doses taken, percentage of days the correct number of doses taken, and overall therapeutic coverage predicted event-free survival. Neither the percentage of doses taken on schedule nor self-reported adherence predicted outcomes. Healthcare providers should assess specific behaviors related to medication taking rather than a global patient self-assessment of patient adherence.
The Role of Airway Mucus in Pulmonary Toxicology
Authors: James M. Samet, Pi-Wan Cheng
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Airway mucus is a complex airway secretion whose primary function as part of the mucociliary transport mechanism is to to serve as renewable and transportable barrier against inhaled particulates and toxic agents.The rheologic properties necessary for this function are imparted by glycoproteins, or mucins.Some respiratory disease states, e.g., asthma, cystic fibrosis, and bronchitis, are characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in mucus biosynthesis that contribute to pulmonary pathology.Similar alterations in various aspects of mucin biochemistry and biophysics, leading to mucus hypersecretion and altered mucus rheology, result from inhalation of certain air pollutants, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and cigarette smoke.The consequences of these pollutant-induced alterations in mucus biology are discussed in the context of pulmonary pathophysiology and toxicology.
Film Reviews
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cerebrospinal Fluid of Leukemic Children Without Central Nervous System Manifestations
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proceedings of the British Thoracic Society
Journal: Thorax (1982)

Proceedings of the British Thoracic Society prescribed inhaled f2-stimulants.Ninety-four patients (50.8%) claimed to take their maintenance therapy regu- larly.Of these, 66 (33-5%) increased their dose of inhaled bronchodilator therapy during an exacerbation of symp- toms.However, four of these patients also increased prophylactic agents as well.Twenty-four patients were on oral methylxanthines and six of these increased this therapy up to six times their normal dose when ill. Eighty-one patients (43.8%) took less and 8 (4-3%) none of their '78 on August 20, 2023 by guest.
Abstract 1791: RADIL regulates RAS downstream signaling
Authors: Byeong Hyeok Choi, Ziyue Kou, Mark R. Philips, Wei Dai
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract RAS proteins regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. RAS genes are among the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human malignancies. To date, there are no successful anti-cancer drugs in the clinic that target RAS proteins or their pathways. Therefore, it is imperative to identify and characterize new components that regulate RAS activity or mediates its downstream signaling. Recently, we identified a series of proteins that are associated with HRAS using a combination of immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. We first focused on RADIL, a gene product with Ras-Association (RA) and DIL domains. RADIL is known to be a downstream effector of RAP1, inhibiting RhoA signaling in the regulation of cell survival, adhesion, and migration. We demonstrated that RADIL interacted with all three isoforms of RAS, including H, N, and KRAS. Interestingly, constitutively active HRAS (HRASG12V) was strongly associated with RADIL whereas dominant negative HRAS (HRASS17N) displayed a compromised association with RADIL, suggesting that RADIL may be required for RAS activation. We also found that Radil Knockout cells had weakened ERK phosphorylation whereas induced expression of RADIL promoted ERK phosphorylation, suggesting that RADIL is required for the RAS-MEK-ERK signaling cascade in vitro. Taken together, our current studies strongly suggest that RADIL may be important for regulating RAS signaling. Citation Format: Byeong Hyeok Choi, Ziyue Kou, Mark R. Philips, Wei Dai. RADIL regulates RAS downstream signaling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1791.
ALCOHOL BY SYNTHESIS.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Reply
Authors: Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Salvatore Artale, Silvio Veronese, Marcello Gambacorta, Salvatore Siena
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

that a considerable fraction of CRC LN metastases do not resemble the respective primary tumors.The reasons that may underlie these findings are fully described in our article, but in summary, we believe that a KRAS mutation can either be acquired during metastasis to the LNs, as in our study, or be part of a heterogeneous population of neoplastic cells that constitutes the bulk of the primary tumor.These results are of fundamental importance, because they may represent one of the resistance mechanisms interfering with the response of patients with KRAS-WT mCRC to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy.We have written this letter because we believe that our results should be taken into consideration if KRAS screening is used as a tool to select patients for administration of this type of therapy.
Impact of Effects of Acid Precipitation on Toxicity of Metals
Authors: Gunnar F. Nordberg, Robert A. Goyer, Thomas W. Clarkson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Acid precipitation may increase human exposure to several potentially toxic metals by increasing metal concentrations in major pathways to man, particularly food and water, and in some instances by enhancing the conversion of metal species to more toxic forms. Human exposures to methylmercury are almost entirely by way of consumption of fish and seafood. In some countries, intakes by this route may approach the levels that can give rise to adverse health effects for population groups with a high consumption of these food items. A possible increase in methylmercury concentrations in fish from lakes affected by acid precipitation may thus be of concern to selected population groups. Human exposures to lead reach levels that are near those associated with adverse health effects in certain sensitive segments of the general population in several countries. The possibility exists that increased exposures to lead may be caused by acid precipitation through a mobilization of lead from soils into crops. A route of exposure to lead that may possibly be influenced by acid precipitation is an increased deterioration of surface materials containing lead and a subsequent ingestion by small children. A similar situation with regard to uptake from food exists for cadmium (at least in some countries). Human metal exposures via drinking water may be increased by acid precipitation. Decreasing pH increases corrosiveness of water enhancing the mobilization of metal salts from soil; metallic compounds may be mobilized from minerals, which may eventually reach drinking water. Also, the dissolution of metals (Pb, Cd, Cu) from piping systems for drinking water by soft acidic waters of high corrosivity may increase metal concentrations in drinking water. Exposures have occasionally reached concentrations which are in the range where adverse health effects may be expected in otherwise healthy persons. Dissolution from piping systems can be prevented by neutralizing the water before distribution. Increased aluminum concentrations in water is a result mainly of the occurrence of Al in acidified natural waters and the use of Al chemicals in drinking water purification. If such water is used for dialysis in patients with chronic renal failure, it may give rise to cases of dialysis dementia and other disorders. A possible influence on health of persons with normal renal function (e.g., causing Alzheimer's disease) is uncertain and requires further investigation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Medical News.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PWE-133 Increased levels of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the plasma of cholangiocarcinoma patients
Authors: C A Wadsworth, V M Horneffer-van der Sluis, A Zabron, K M Boberg, S P Pereira, R J Edwards, S D Taylor-Robinson, S A Khan
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We have previously demonstrated that the level of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is increased in the bile of patients with pancreatobiliary malignancy. NGAL is expressed by activated neutrophils and many other cell types and is thought to have bacteriostatic, pro-proliferative and pro-metastatic functions. NGAL can be detected in the blood plasma. We hypothesised that the plasma NGAL level is elevated in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CC) compared with patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and with healthy volunteers. <h3>Methods</h3> Plasma samples were collected from 97 patients with confirmed CC, 62 patients with PSC and no CC and 82 healthy controls. Plasma NGAL quantification was performed in duplicate on plasma from each subject using a Quantikine ELISA kit (R&amp;D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA). CC and healthy control cohorts were compared using the Student t test and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. Differences between CC and PSC cohorts were then sought. Pearson9s correlation analysis was used to assess relationships between the levels of NGAL and other plasma markers. <h3>Results</h3> Median NGAL concentrations (range) in CC, PSC and healthy controls were 92 ng/ml (14–644), 83 (43–171) and 64 (29–132) respectively. NGAL levels were significantly higher in plasma from CC patients compared with healthy controls (p&lt;0.0001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.71 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.79 p&lt;0.0001). NGAL levels were significantly higher in plasma samples from the CC cohort than those from the PSC cohort (p&lt;0.01) with a ROC-AUC of 0.57 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.65 p&lt;0.167). There was no relationship between NGAL levels and CRP (r<sup>2</sup>=0.14), white cell count (r<sup>2</sup>=0.09), bilirubin (r<sup>2</sup>=0.01), ALP (r<sup>2</sup>=0.02) or creatinine (r<sup>2</sup>=0.03). There was moderate correlation between NGAL and Ca19-9 concentrations (r<sup>2</sup>=0.38). <h3>Conclusion</h3> NGAL is expressed at significantly higher concentrations in the plasma of patients with CC compared to plasma from healthy controls and from subjects with PSC. This finding appears to be independent of renal impairment, cholestasis or systemic inflammatory response, suggesting that NGAL may represent a novel plasma biomarker of CC. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Nocturnal hypoglycaemia in patients receiving conventional treatment with insulin
Authors: S. Pramming, B. Thorsteinsson, C. Binder
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The prevalence of nocturnal biochemical hypoglycaemia -that is, blood glucose concentrations below 3 mmol/l (55 mg/100 ml)-was evaluated in a random sample of 58 insulin dependent diabetics receiving twice daily insulin.Seventeen patients had at least one blood glucose value below 3 mmol/l (55 mg/100 ml) and five a value below 2 mmol/l (36 mg/100 ml) during the night.Both bedtime (2300) and fasting morning (0700) blood glucose concentrations were significantly lower in the group
Resuscitation equipment board for nurseries and delivery rooms
Authors: J. M. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Addition of sulfonylurea to insulin treatment in poorly controlled type II diabetes. A double-blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: D. S. Schade
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This study examined the potential beneficial effects of the addition of a secondgeneration sulfonylurea to insulin therapy for poorly controlled type II diabetes. A randomized, double-blind, crossover experimental design was utilized in 16 type II diabetic patients for a period of eight months. Treatment with glyburide, 20 mg/d (plus insulin), compared with placebo (plus insulin) resulted in a significant reduction in mean basal glucose (232 ± 12 vs 262 ±11 mg/dL [12.8 vs 14.4 mmol/L]) and hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>(10.2% ±0.5% vs 10.9% ±03%) concentrations. Concomitant with this change, basal C-peptide and free insulin values increased with glyburide therapy, but this pharmacological agent did not alter the ability of the patient's erythrocytes to bind insulin. We conclude that in type II diabetic subjects receiving more than 28 units of insulin per day, the addition of glyburide results in a marginal, but statistically significant improvement in basal glucose concentration, but not in glucose tolerance as assessed by integrated glucose concentration. Whether this small improvement in glycemia is worth the additional cost of sulfonylureas or the risk of drug side effects is not known. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2441-2445)