tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-240 Incidental diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in a British bowel cancer screening cohort: a multi-centre study
Authors: R O Butcher, S J Mehta, O F Ahmad, J Stein, A Ignjatovic, L E Loo, A M Abbasi, R George, R Prudham, R Vega, S McCartney, S L Bloom, J K Limdi
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The UK Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) was launched in 2006 and rolled out in successive waves covering the entire population of England and Wales. It screens individuals aged 60–69 years with a Faecal Occult Blood test (FOBt) followed by a screening colonoscopy if FOBt positive. Our study aimed to quantify the incidental diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) through BCSP and patient outcome in this cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a retrospective review of BCSP outcomes at our centres from launch in February 2007 until September 2011. Screening data included the number of patients invited, number screened (FOBt outcome “normal” or “abnormal”) and number of colonoscopies performed. In those with newly diagnosed IBD at colonoscopy confirmed on histology, clinical data including demographics, disease characteristics, treatment and outcome were obtained from case note and electronic patient record review. <h3>Results</h3> Of 378 424 patients invited, 172 244 were screened, representing an uptake of 45.52% and FOBt positivity of 2.71%. Colonoscopy was performed in 4195 patients (female 1761). Polyps were detected in 1870 (40.14%), cancer in 279 (5.99%) and 1216 (26.10%) had a normal examination. 83 patients had endoscopic appearance suggestive of IBD, confirmed at histology in 44. Seven patients were excluded as the diagnosis of colitis preceded the screening examination on case note review. Eleven of 37 incidental cases were female. Median age at diagnosis was 64. Twelve patients had Crohn9s disease (CD), 22 ulcerative colitis (UC) and three had IBD-type unclassified (IBDU). 31 patients had follow-up data available with a mean follow-up period of 24.4 months. Fifteen patients (48.4%) were asymptomatic at diagnosis. Mean values for CRP were 11.8, Hb 13.8, Platelets 278.5, and Albumin 42.9. Treatment included steroids (8), 5-ASA (25), immunomodulators (azathioprine 5; methotrexate 1) and anti-TNF (infliximab 2; adalimumab 1). None required surgery. Those requiring immunomodulators and/or anti-TNF therapy (male 4; female 1) had asymptomatic extensive UC, symptomatic left sided UC, symptomatic left-sided IBDU, symptomatic Crohn9s colitis and symptomatic stricturing terminal ileal CD at diagnosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> An incidental diagnosis of IBD is not uncommon and with the advent of bowel cancer screening this number is set to increase. These patients may present an important model for study of early disease with novel insights and evolving treatment paradigms. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Comment: Uncovering the preclinical and precancerous state
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The upsurge in lung cancer incidence and lethality dictates increasing concern in its cause. Until careful research or serendipity allows investigators to identify the etiological factor or factors, the clinician is primarily charged with the task of early detection in order to cure lung cancer. The value of chest survey techniques has proved disappointing in the early diagnosis of lung cancer for numerous reasons. Surveys should be directed to men over 45 years of age and repeated at sixmonth intervals rather than given during the indiscriminate examination of young people and females who have little risk of developing lung cancer. Retrospective analysis of chest surveys shows that the lack of follow through by patient and physician alike negates any advantages of early discovery of unexplained chest lesions. The chief limitation of chest filming is that the frequently occurring main stem bronchial cancer is difficult to recognize in its early stages;
THE COST OF ADEQUATE NUTRITION
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Scaling Factor and Errors in Figures and <i>P</i> Value Thresholds
Authors: Yu Zhang, Xiaoming Huang, Andrew Lees, José-Francisco Rocha, Patricio Soares-Da-Silva, Reta Lila
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2017)

Auriel A. Willette, PhD; Barbara B. Bendlin, PhD; Erika J. Starks, BS; Alex C. Birdsill, PhD; Sterling C. Johnson, PhD; Bradley T. Christian, PhD; Ozioma C. Okonkwo, PhD; Asenath La Rue, PhD; Bruce P. Hermann, PhD; Rebecca L. Koscik, PhD; Erin M. Jonaitis, PhD; Mark A. Sager, MD; Sanjay Asthana, MD
Visual Neuroscience
Authors: Thomas R. Hedges
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This volume is a multiauthored compendium of reports presented at a 1983 meeting honoring Dr Peter Bishop of Australia. Dr Bishop spent his life doing research that concentrated primarily on the visual neurosciences. The book is divided into sections on the retina, the geniculate body, the visual cortex, and association areas. An editorial introduction gives a concise overview of each section. The first five sections reviewed in such a manner are of value, since the reports that follow are often highly technical and worded in a manner primarily understood by those intimately knowledgeable in this complex field of visual physiology. Sections I and II on the retina and retinogeniculate pathways are hard-core, basic science reports by nonclinical investigators. Most of these reports would be more appropriate for a research journal. Although the titles are attractive, suggesting a possible advance in our knowledge, I found many technical data that were not
FRI0322 Assessment of damage and prognosis in patients with adult iga vasculitis: retrospective multicentered cohort study
Authors: F Alibaz-Oner, A Omma, A Sarı, O Karadag, D Uskudar Cansu, C Bes, F Yildiz, MF Oksuz, S Yilmaz, A Balkarli, S Ureyen, H Direskeneli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2017)

<h3>Background</h3> IgA Vasculitis is a leukocytoclastic vasculitis involving small vessels with depositions of immune complexes containing IgA. There is limited data for the prognosis of adult IgA Vasculitis, with also no damage assessment. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment, outcome and damage of patients with adult IgA Vasculitis. <h3>Methods</h3> We assembled a retrospective cohort of patients with adult IgA Vasculitis, from tertiary Rheumatology Centers in Turkey. All data were abstracted from medical records. Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS),prognostic Five Factor Score (FFS) and vasculitis damage index (VDI) were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> The study included 52 (male/female:40/12) patients with adult IgA Vasculitis. The mean age was 42.2±17 years. Infection history within 6 weeks before presentation was present in 22 (42.3%) patients (18 upper respiratory tract,3 gastrointestinal and 1 urinary tract). Cutaneous manifestations were the most common clinical manifestations (Table 1). All patients were treated with oral glucocorticoids (GC).As additional immunosuppressive agents, azathiopirine was given to 21 (40.4%) and pulse cyclophosphamide to 11 (21.2%) patients. Twenty-eight patients (53.9%) had follow-up of 28.6 months. Five (17.8%) patients relapsed during follow-up. While 3 relapses were major, 2 of them were minor relapses. At the last visit, disease status was evaluated as active or treatment failure by the treating physician in 6 (21.4%) patients. Mortality was 3.6% (n=1) during follow-up, due to pneumonia. The mean VDI score was 0.6 in the last visit. Nine (32.1%) patients had at least one damage item at the end of follow-up period. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results showed that approximately one fifth of patients with adult IgA Vasculitis had relapses during follow-up. At the end of follow-up, one third of patients had at least one damage item. Although, 45% of patients had FFS≥1, the mortality rate was observed to be low in the present study. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
“Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients treated with interferon.” Laurent Savale, Caroline Sattler, Sven Günther, David Montani, Marie-Camille Chaumais, Swanny Perrin, Xavier Jaïs, Andrei Seferian, Roland Jovan, Sophie Bulifon, Florence Parent, Gérald Simonneau, Marc Humbert and Olivier Sitbon. <i>Eur Respir J</i> 2014; 44: 1627–1634.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)
Searching for Patent Foramen Ovale in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Shunichi Homma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 April 1993Searching for Patent Foramen Ovale in Patients with StrokeShunichi Homma, MD, Marco DiTullo, MD, and Ralph Sacco, MDShunichi Homma, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Marco DiTullo, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Ralph Sacco, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-8-199304150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Other factors potentially associated with a cryptogenic stroke include intracardiac mass or thrombus [1] and aortic arch mass [2]. Pulmonary venous thrombi, described by Remenchik and colleagues [3], and peripheral embolization was not seen in our cohort but was mentioned in our article [4] as an infrequent cause of cerebral embolization. in vivo diagnosis, however, is difficult. Thrombi located close to the left atrium in major pulmonary veins may be detected by transesophageal echocardiography.The epidemiologic evidence of a relation between patent foramen ovale and ischemic stroke has been established by us [4] and by others [5]. However, ...References1. Cujec B, Polasek P, Voll C, Squaib A. Transesophageal echocardiography in the detection of potential cardiac source of embolism in stroke patients. Stroke. 1991; 22:727-33. Google Scholar2. Amarenco P, Cohen A, Baudrimont M, Bousser MG. Transesophageal echocardiographic detection of aortic arch disease in patients with cerebral infarction. Stroke. 1992; 23:1005-9. Google Scholar3. Remenchik AP, Sufian DP, Dhekne RR. Nonparadoxical systemic artery embolus. Tex Med. 1987; 83:53-4. Google Scholar4. Di Tullio M, Sacco RL, Gopal A, Mohr JP, Homma S. Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:461-5. Google Scholar5. Lechat P, Mas JL, Lascault G, Loron P, Theard M, Kilmeczac M, et al. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N Engl J Med. 1988; 318:1148-52. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1993Volume 118, Issue 8Page: 648KeywordsAnticoagulantsAntiplatelet therapyDeep vein thrombosisEchocardiographyEpidemiologyIschemic strokeLeft atriumStrokeThrombosisVeins Issue Published: 15 April 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Speaking up for global road safety
Authors: None The Lancet Global Health
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2019)

This week marks the fifth UN Global Road Safety Week. This year's biennial events and activities aim to galvanise public demand for stronger leadership for road safety worldwide. Every day some 3700 people die on the world's roads, equating to 1·35 million lives lost every year, according to WHO. Furthermore, up to 50 million people are left injured or disabled after a crash. Poorer countries bear the brunt of the burden, with 93% of deaths taking place in low-income or middle-income countries. Regionally, Africa and southeast Asia experience the highest number of fatalities.
Individualizing Therapy
Authors: Paul D. Gerber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 January 1994Individualizing TherapyPaul D. Gerber, MDPaul D. Gerber, MDDartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; Lebanon, NH 03756Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Alderman [1] is to be commended for shining a light on the “prevention paradox” [2] as applied to blood pressure management, thereby increasing awareness that prevention of disease is more complicated than it appears. Preventive interventions—proven in randomized, controlled trials to reduce adverse outcomes—may have their largest effect on populations while conceivably harming single patients, particularly those whose absolute risks for the outcome studied are small and for whom intervention burdens are considerable. Risk-reducing interventions are most effective in individual patients when applied to patients at high risk for developing disease and those who already have ...References1. Alderman MH. Blood pressure management: individualized treatment based on absolute risk and the potential for benefit. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:329-35. Google Scholar2. Brown EY, Viscoli CM, Horowitz RI. Preventive health strategies and the policy makers' paradox. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 116:593-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul D. Gerber, MDAffiliations: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center; Lebanon, NH 03756 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 2 Page: 170-171 Keywords Blood pressure Perception Population statistics ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Chlormezanone poisoning.
Authors: D Armstrong, R A Braithwaite, J A Vale
Journal: BMJ (1983)

week.We noticed that large haemoptyses occurred shortly after the nebulised salbutamol.After substitution of the salbutamol by nebulised isotonic saline there was a pronounced reduction in haemoptysis with only streaks of blood in the sputum thereafter.To substantiate these observations nebulised salbutamol was reintroduced and caused a further large haemoptysis (300 ml).Bronchodilator treatment was therefore subsequently maintained with oral prednisolone and the nebulised salbutamol discontinued.The episodes of haemoptysis gradually subsided over the next 48 hours.There was no recurrence when inhaled salbutamol 200 tLg four times daily was reinstituted one week later.
Understanding Research Synthesis (Meta-Analysis)
Authors: F. Mosteller
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1996)

Synthesis of research findings has long been a part of reviewing and summarizing a field of study. Public health decisions are made on the available evidence. We summarize the approaches to research synthesis that draw on the best available evidence and the use of quantitative summaries through meta-analysis. We focus on observational studies. Heterogeneity offers the potential to observe a relation across study populations and circumstances. We emphasize the benefits of heterogeneity in overviews and the need to explore and describe the sources of heterogeneity. Random effects approaches to combining data are recommended, and the use of regression approaches is emphasized. Excluding studies with extreme results may bias a research synthesis and underestimate the true variance of the results, thus contributing to misleading inference. Thorough searching is the best guard against publication bias. We conclude with guidelines for combining epidemiological studies.
No-Faultng
Authors: W. Foster Eich
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Parenting is almost the only importantupation that one can enter today without taking special training and passing a licensure examination. It is also one of the most important occupations, because it deals with the lives of people and the future of mankind. Many books have been written to help parents learn to do the job well. Some are good, others not so good. This book is one of the better ones. The principal author, Helen Neville, is a pediatricurse at the Kaiser Hospital in Oakland, Calif. She is also the mother of two. As such, she has experienced many of the things she writes about, both as professpro-dfessionalems well qualified to write this book. Many parents who are having difficulty their children have a very limited repertoire of solutions to problems. Some spank, some talk things over, some place limits on the child. Often a parent tries the favoritelution over
The hospice movement
Authors: J. P. Callan
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Transition from life to death is terrifying. It demonstrates with grim finality man's time-limited existence. Dying is a distressing journey beyond the frontiers of human knowledge and experience, and nothing generates greater fear than the unknown. Thus, it is not surprising that dying arouses strong emotions in the deceased before death and in the bereaved afterward. While man's technical skills have enabled him to postpone the inevitable, eventually he must bow to the agony of extinction, which meets him sometimes on the road, sometimes at home, and often in the hospital. To facilitate and succor this process, special hospices have been founded across our country. The idea of hospice, however, is not new. It has its roots in medieval monasteries and convents. In modern times Our Ladies Hospice has been functioning in Dublin for almost 100 years. The movement's current impetus in the United States started when the National Cancer
Effect sizes
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Researchers assessed the effectiveness of an intervention designed to improve the mother-infant relationship and the security of infants in their attachment with their mother. A randomised controlled trial study design was used. Participants were pregnant women in a South African peri-urban settlement with adverse socioeconomic circumstances. The intervention, support and guidance in parenting, was delivered from late pregnancy and for six months post partum by community workers. Women in the control group received no therapeutic input.1 The main outcome measures included the quality of mother-infant interactions at six months post partum, as measured by the parent/caregiver involvement scale. The scale measured the responses of the mother to her infant's needs and initiations—in particular, maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness. The intervention was associated with significant benefit to the mother-infant relationship. At six months post partum, compared with the controls, the intervention group were significantly more sensitive (mean difference 0.77 (SD 0.37), P<0.05, effect size d =0.24) and less intrusive (mean difference 0.68 (SD 0.36), P<0.05, effect size d =0.26) in their interactions with their infants. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
Abstract 18842: Prognostic Impacts of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure -A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Soichiro Tadaki, Yasuhiko Sakata, Satoshi Miyata, Masanori Asakura, Kazunori Shimada, Takeshi Yamamoto, Toshiaki Kadokami, Satoshi Yasuda, Toshiro Miura, Shin-ichi Ando, Masafumi Yano, Masafumi Kitakaze, Hiroyuki Daida, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathological condition with a clustering of metabolic components and is substantially associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, prognostic impacts of MetS in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) remain to be fully elucidated. Methods and Results: From the database of our nationwide, multicenter observational study with 10,464 CHF patients in stage A/B/C/D in Japan, 4,764 patients with Stage C/D CHF were enrolled. The prevalence of MetS, according to the Japanese standard diagnostic criteria, was 39.6% (48.7% in males and 20.5% in females), which was almost twice higher as compared with the general population in Japan. CHF patients with MetS were characterized by higher prevalence of male, obesity and lifestyle-related diseases, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Although univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that MetS was not associated with increased incidence of composite of all-cause death and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (unadjusted HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.81-1.04, P=0.177), multivariate analysis adjusted with body mass index (BMI) alone or fully adjusted with clinical backgrounds showed that MetS was associated with increased incidence of the composite endpoint (BMI-adjusted HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.15-1.55, P&lt;0.001 and full-adjusted HR 1.24; 95% CI 1.05-1.46, P=0.013), particularly in males (BMI-adjusted HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.14-1.62, P&lt;0.001, full-adjusted HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.08-1.59, P=0.005), but not in females (BMI-adjusted HR 1.20; 95% CI 0.86-1.67, P=0.287, full-adjusted HR 1.15; 95% CI 0.80-1.64, P=0.456). Interestingly, the adverse prognostic impacts of MetS were evident in males with BMI&lt;25.0kg/m 2 , but not in those with BMI≥25.0kg/m 2 ( Table ). Conclusions: These results indicate that MetS is associated with worse prognosis in patients with Stage C/D CHF, particularly in male patients without obesity.
Your Child or Mine: The Story of the Cerebral-Palsied Child
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal