tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radioisotope scintillation scanning in the evaluation of pericardial effusion
Authors: R. D. Miercort
Journal: JAMA (1967)

REJALI et al<sup>1</sup>introduced radioisotope scanning of the heart and great vessels in 1958. Since then, this test has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion and thoracico-abdominal midline masses,<sup>2-4</sup>and in the evaluation of ventricular aneurysms.<sup>5</sup>Recently, the procedure has somewhat fallen from favor. This is due in part to the advent of carbon dioxide insufflation and improved angiographic and ultrasonic techniques, but a more important deterrent has been the widespread impression that effusions of less than 300 cc are difficult to detect by pericardial scanning. That this impression is erroneous was shown in vitro by Bonte et al<sup>4</sup>and in vivo by Sklaroff et al<sup>6</sup>when they demonstrated that scans will detect effusions of 200 cc. The following report confirms their findings, again showing that effusions of 200 cc are detectable by scanning, and that the reliability of this
Randomized clinical trials need to be more clinical
Authors: P. P. Morgan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

It is tempting to despair that scientific conditions can ever be substituted for clinical circumstances. Randomized trials were first developed for agricultural research in an attempt to account for the natural variability in plots of ground and species. The results of those trials have been used to produce consistent increases in crop yields.<sup>1</sup> While random allocation of treatments and isolation of variables appear natural in agriculture, it can be an invasive procedure in clinical medicine. The randomized clinical trial requires clinicians to set aside their own judgments, asks patients to accept a treatment that may be substandard, introduces arbitrary definitions of disease, encourages recruitment of patients, and requires aggressive follow-up and unusual efforts to ensure compliance. But the clinical milieu is complex and refractory; seldom does the randomized clinical trial succeed in eliminating or bypassing "extraneous" clinical variables. More than two years after the publication of the β-blocker heart
THE EFFECT OF 5-AZACITIDINE TREATMENT ON THE OF BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STEM TRANSCRIPTOME IN PATIENTS WITH MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES
Authors: I. Liapis, A. Batsali, V. Theodorou, A. Galanopoulos, A. Spanou, I. Talianidis, H. A. Papadaki
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)
Biological effects of human insulin receptor substrate-1 overexpression in hepatocytes
Authors: S Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The human insulin receptor substrate-1 (hIRS-1) is a key intracellular protein involved in various cytokine signaling pathways associated with cell growth. We have previously demonstrated that stable transfection and overexpression of hIRS-1 in human hepatoblastoma cells in vitro leads to the constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. In this setting, hIRS-1 acts as a dominant oncogene and will induce neoplastic transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. In the present study, the biologic effects of hIRS-1 overexpression in the liver was analyzed using both clinical tumor samples and a newly developed transgenic mouse model. We have found that approximately 40% of 22 human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors had enhanced (>200%) hIRS-1 gene expression compared with adjacent non-involved liver tissue. There was a significant relationship between the level of hIRS-1 overexpression and the tumor size; this finding suggests a possible role for hIRS-1 in tumor progression. To determine if downstream signal transduction cascades were activated by overexpression of hIRS-1 in hepatocytes, we established a transgenic mouse model using an hIRS-1 construct driven by an albumin promoter/enhancer element to direct liver specific expression. The overexpressed hIRS-1 protein was found to be tyrosyl phosphorylated and interacted with downstream SH2-containing molecules such as the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), Grb2 adaptor, and SHP2 phosphatase proteins. The functional consequences of hIRS-1 overexpression were reflected by constitutive activation of both the MAPK and PI3K signal transduction cascades. More important, overexpression of hIRS-1 in the transgenic liver led to increased hepatocyte DNA synthesis. Our findings indicate that hIRS-1 overexpression induces downstream signaling molecules associated with hepatocyte growth and may potentially enhance tumor progression of HCC.
Correction
Authors: Samuel Gee, A Garrod, Dycec Duckworth, J Calvert, T Lauder Brunton, F Champnevs, Norman Moore, W Griffith, Samuel West, I)', Arcy Power, John Langton, H Waring, Harrison Cripps, W Mcadam Eccles, W Clarke, R Bailey, Anthony Bowlby, W Harmer, C Lockwood, W Jessop, T Ormerod, W Spicer, A Herringham, St.-Bartholomew Tooth
Journal: BMJ (1904)

28I114ZICAL 28 snd of its school are one, and removal to some remote district would not only destroy the school, but would also by so doing completely alter the whole character of the institution itself.Many other reasons might very easily be adduced in support of the appeal for sufficient funds botlh to maintain St. Bartholomew's in its present position and also to snake it one of the most complete and modern of English hospitals of which the City of London might well be proud.But we have said enough to show the public that the present appeal is made in the best interests of the poor of London, and we know that many thousands of our fellow-citizens will now, and in after-years, reap the benefits of those buildings which money alone can snpply.-Weare, ete?.,
How 'definitive' is new sex survey? Answers vary
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THE AUTHORS of what is being billed as a "definitive survey" of sex in America believe that their findings are accurate. Indeed, the method used was far more sophisticated than any previous effort in the field. Unlike most such studies, great care was taken to try to ensure that the 3432 respondents aged 18 to 59 years were a randomly selected and demographically representative sample. The study is probably the most rigorous attempt ever to address long-unanswered questions of great importance to public health in the United States. The study was conducted by the National Opinion Research Center and the University of Chicago (Ill), after a prolonged struggle with congressional conservatives who had blocked funding for what they called an inappropriate invasion of privacy. Driven by the need to amass hard data in the fight against AIDS, the investigators persevered and, with backing from private foundations, eventually succeeded in completing
Error in Discussion Section
Authors: Jessalyn Holodinsky, Michael Hill, Noreen Kamal
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2019)

J. David Spence, MD; Catherine M. Viscoli, PhD; Silvio E. Inzucchi, MD; Jennifer Dearborn-Tomazos, MD; Gary A. Ford, MB, Bchir; Mark Gorman, MD; Karen L. Furie, MD; Anne M. Lovejoy, PA-C; Lawrence H. Young, MD; Walter N. Kernan, MD; for the IRIS Investigators
THE FOOTBALL MORTALITY.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Analysis of survival by tumor response.
Authors: J R Anderson, K C Cain, R D Gelber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

The common practice of comparing the survival of responders and nonresponders when reporting the results of cancer chemotherapy treatment is investigated. The usual method of comparing responders and nonresponders is biased in favor of responders, and these results are frequently misinterpreted as providing evidence that response prolongs survival, or that the treatment under study is effective. Two valid methods for comparing responders and nonresponders are discussed and recommendations are made concerning the analysis of survival by response. A comparison of survival by response category may be useful descriptively, but such a comparison should not be used for inference concerning treatment effectiveness.
Recurrent pregnancy loss and cytokines. Not as simple as it seems
Authors: D. J. Dudley
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Recurrent pregnancy loss is a particularly vexing problem. The patient desperately wants to achieve a successful pregnancy and is frustrated by her seeming inability to accomplish a life goal often taken for granted. The physician feels stymied because an identifiable cause can be found in only about 50% of women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Because of the unique immunologic state of pregnancy and similarities to allogeneic transplantation, putative immunologic causes have been attributed to recurrent pregnancy loss. In other words, "If we don't understand it, it must be immunologic." Consequently, a number of diagnostic tests and immunologic treatments have been tried with limited success. Currently the most widely used immunotherapy for recurrent pregnancy loss is injecting the patient with white blood cells obtained from the potential father. The rationale for this immunotherapy was derived from studies of kidney transplant patients, who were less likely to reject renal allografts if they
THE PHYSIOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS OF THE THYROID GLAND AND ITS CONGENERS.
Authors: H. GIDEON WELLS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

After having tested all the materials used, as to their purity, familiarity with the method was obtained by adding to pure gelatin, known quantities of iodid of potassium and going through the process repeatedly. At first an open crucible was used and it was found to be impossible to regain more than one-half of the iodin. It is probable that in this case iodic acid compounds were formed in spite of the excess of the alkali, since this loss disappeared on the substitution of a covered silver crucible. (A platinum crucible can not be used since this metal is attacked by caustic alkalies.) Another source of loss occurs on the addition of the acid to the filtrate. This must be done in a flask with a small mouth and the acid added very gradually, otherwise there is loss through effervescence. By observing these points it was possible to obtain at
Abstract 637: A prospective study of tea and coffee intake and risk of glioma
Authors: David J. Cote, Alaina M. Bever, Kathryn M. Wilson, Timothy R. Smith, Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Tea and coffee have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and neuroprotective effects mediated by a variety of compounds, including polyphenols. Observational studies suggest that tea and coffee intake may reduce risk of certain cancers, although the data on glioma risk are limited and inconclusive. Methods: We evaluated the association between tea, coffee, and caffeine intake and risk of glioma in the female Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, n=92,389, followed 33 years) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII, n=95,242, followed 23 years) and the male Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, n=49,885, followed 29 years). Cumulatively updated tea and coffee intake were derived from validated quadrennial food frequency questionnaires. Glioma cases were confirmed by medical record review. Age-adjusted hazard ratios of glioma by category of beverage intake were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Associations across the combined cohorts were calculated using fixed effect meta-analysis. Results: We documented 554 incident cases of glioma, including 256 in NHS, 87 in NHSII, and 211 in HPFS (159, 52, 151 glioblastomas, respectively). Compared to &amp;lt;1 cup/week, higher tea consumption was inversely associated with glioma risk in women (HR=0.65, 95% CI 0.41-1.03 for &amp;gt;2 cups/day, p-trend=0.03), and was inversely, but not significantly, associated in men (HR=0.70, 95%CI 0.30-1.61 for &amp;gt;2 cups/day, p-trend=0.30). In women and men combined, the corresponding HR was 0.66 (95% CI 0.44-0.99) for &amp;gt;2 cups/day (p-trend=0.02). We observed no significant associations between caffeinated, decaffeinated, or total coffee intake and glioma risk in men or women. We found no material differences in the results when baseline values were used, when responses were lagged by eight years, or when cases were limited to glioblastoma only. Conclusion: In three large, prospective cohort studies of men and women, tea intake was inversely associated with glioma risk, particularly in women. No significant associations were observed for coffee intake of any type and glioma risk. These results merit further exploration in other prospective studies. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: David J. Cote, Alaina M. Bever, Kathryn M. Wilson, Timothy R. Smith, Stephanie A. Smith-Warner, Meir Stampfer. A prospective study of tea and coffee intake and risk of glioma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 637.
Third International Conference on Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-Substituted Aryl Compounds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Journal Article Third International Conference on Carcinogenic and Mutagenic N-Substituted Aryl Compounds Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 78, Issue 1, January 1987, Page 195, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/78.1.195-e Published: 01 January 1987
More on the Food and Nutrition Board report
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sudden death and hepatic fatty metamorphosis. A North Carolina survey
Authors: B. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1980)

There is a generally unrecognized epidemic of sudden, nonviolent deaths among alcohol abusers, largely due to fatty liver-related sudden deaths (FLDs). Using data from the North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, 411 cases of FLD were identified from 1972 through 1976. The 411 FLD deaths, in view of a low autopsy rate among nonviolent alcohol abuser deaths and the lack of awareness of FLD, suggest a FLD death rate of epidemic proportions. The FLD population characteristics mirror those of the underlying alcohol-abusing population. The increased incidence of low-level (1 to 50 mg/dL) blood ethanol levels among FLD as compared with "control" groups is consistent with several theories linking FLD to some form of acute or hyperacute ethanol withdrawal phenomenon. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1723-1725, 1980)
Incorrect Degree for Author
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Samuel Groeschel, MD; Jörn-Sven Kühl, MD; Annette E. Bley, MD; Christiane Kehrer, MD; Bernhard Weschke, MD; Michaela Döring, MD; Judith Böhringer, PhD; Johanna Schrum, MD; René Santer, PhD; Alfried Kohlschütter, PhD; Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann, MD, PhD; Ingo Müller, MD
Reprint Practices
Authors: J. P. Greenhill
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> May I express my agreement with Wangensteen in his letter entitled "Unsatisfactory Reprint Request Practices" (<b>214</b>:2060, 1970). In an editorial in the 1962 to 1963<i>Year Book of Obstetrics and Gynecology</i>, (Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers Inc), I wrote the following: Practically all authors of articles published in medical journals receive requests for reprints. During my writing career, I have received a large number of solicitations for reprints. Hardly any of the requests had a postage stamp enclosed. To those of us who have an active private practice and a sizable income, the expense of postage is negligible but to a man and woman on a relatively low income, especially if he or she is young and not in the employ of a university or hospital which pays for publications, the expense of purchasing and mailing reprints may be a large item, especially if the requests
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Martin M. Grajower
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Current treatment of patients surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: R. Brooks
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Most out-of-hospital cardiac arrests result from the sudden onset of a sustained ventricular arrhythmia in the absence of a new myocardial infarction. Individuals who survive cardiac arrest are at high risk for recurrent arrhythmias and sudden unexpected death. To prevent recurrent cardiac arrest, effective treatment must be provided during hospitalization after the initial episode. Caring for the survivor of cardiac arrest requires a detailed clinical investigation to define the underlying cardiac anatomy and left ventricular function and to elucidate the mechanism and characteristics of the patient's arrhythmia. Appropriate antiarrhythmic therapy, such as drugs or a nonpharmacological intervention (eg, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator), is then selected based on these considerations. In addition, ischemia is treated aggressively with β-adrenergic blocking agents and, when appropriate, with surgical coronary artery revascularization. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:762-768)
Growth Control and Differentiation in Mammary Epithelial Cells
Authors: Flavia Borellini, Takami Oka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Growth and differentiation of the mammary gland are controlled by various hormones and other environmental factors. The role of hormones and growth factors in mammary development is discussed with regard to animal species, physiological stages, and the various experimental systems in vitro. In the female embryo, mammary morphogenesis is induced by the mesenchyme and is hormone independent, whereas androgens cause the partial necrosis of mammary epithelium in the male. Ductal growth during adolescence requires estrogen and prolactin or growth hormone. During pregnancy, progesterone participates in the development of the lobuloalveolar structure of the gland. After parturition, changes in the hormonal environment lead to production and secretion of milk. Proliferation and differentiation of mammary epithelium can be induced in culture systems. Insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulate mammary cell proliferation in vitro. EGF is required for the optimal growth of the mammary gland during pregnancy. EGF also appears to play an important role in mammary tumorigenesis in certain mouse strains. Production of milk proteins can be induced in vitro by the synergistic interactions of prolactin, insulin, and glucocorticoids and is inhibited by EGF and progesterone. Complete or partial sequencing of several milk protein genes and comparative analysis have led to identification of a sequence of high homology and conservation in the 5' flanking region that is likely to be involved in the regulation of milk protein gene expression.
Neuroscience
Authors: A. Tatman, I. Van Mourik, A. Warren, A. Williams, W. Whitehouse, D. G. Murdoch Eaton, M. Darowski, J. Livingston, M. Mönkhoff, O. Bänziger, C. Morales, A. Müller, H-U. Bucher, S. Fanconi, László Németh, József Kovács, Ferenc Joó, Kristóf Füzesi, Sándor Pintér, Pál Megyeri, Mária A. Deli, Csongor S. Ábrahám, Rosa I. de la Ibarra, Navero J. L. Pérez, Córdoba A. Palacios, Santamaría E. Ulloa, Jabalquinto M. J. Velasco, Lezcano A. Romanos, L. Schleien Charles, W. Kuluz John, Barry Gelznan, Alan Pinto, B. Simma, R. Burger, M. Falk, J. Uehlinger, D. Ghelfi, P. Sacher, S. Fanconi, J. I. Sanchez, M. Miralies, Orbe G. de Gonzalez, V. Ramos, A. Manrrique, F. Mar, Frank Shann
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1996)
Joint study of extracranial arterial occlusion. II. Arteriography, techniques, sites, and complications
Authors: W. K. Hass
Journal: JAMA (1968)

For 80% of 4,748 patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency, complete four-vessel examinations were made. Although the primary purpose was localization of surgically accessible extracranial lesions, intracranial studies were also obtained in a high percentage of cases. The overall grave complication rate was 1.2%. A test of interinstitutional comparability of x-ray interpretation revealed greatest agreement when lesions compromised more than 50% of the arterial lumen.