tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of Acute Respiratory Febrile Illness Among College Students—Acapulco, Mexico, March 2001
Journal: JAMA (2001)

On March 30, 2001, CDC was notified by Pennsylvania Department of Health (PDH) of an acute respiratory febrile illness in 44 students from two colleges who traveled to Acapulco, Mexico, for spring break vacation during March 3-18. Within 7-14 days of their return from Acapulco, 21 students presented to health-care providers with illness characterized by fever, chills, dry cough, chest pain, and headache. Two students were hospitalized. On the basis of clinical symptoms and chest radiographs that revealed bilateral, nodular patchy infiltrates, acute pulmonary histoplasmosis was the suspected illness. While in Acapulco, most of the students stayed at the Calinda Beach Hotel and participated in group activities at other recreational locations.
J Clinical Endocrinology, Philadelphia
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Porphyrins
Authors: Merrill L. Welcker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

THE average physician confronted with the subject of porphyrin metabolism pictures either a bewilderingly complex group of strange pigments obtained from stools and urine or an exceedingly rare disease characterized by sensitivity to light and acute abdominal pain. Actually, porphyrin derivatives are an essential part of the respiratory enzymes present in all living cells, and an understanding of their nature and relations may be expected to lead to improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of many human diseases. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss one of these porphyrins, protoporphyrin, and to indicate the role it plays in . . .
Potential Impact of Acid Precipitation on Arsenic and Selenium
Authors: Paul Mushak
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The potential impact of acidic precipitation on the environmental mobility of the metalloids arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) has not been given much attention and is poorly understood. As with other elements, the interest here is the potential effect of environmental acidification on environmental behavior in ways that are relevant to human exposure to these metalloids. Available information on acid precipitation and the environmental behavior of these metalloids do, however, permit some preliminary conclusions to be drawn. Both As and Se appear to be mobilized from household plumbing into tap water by the corrosive action of soft, mildly acidic water, while surface water catchment systems in areas impacted by acidic deposition may contain elevated soluble As levels. Acidification of aquatic ecosystems that are drinking water sources may pose the prospect of enhanced release of As from sediment to water as well as reduction in water levels of Se. Acidification of ground waters, where As appears to be especially mobile, is of particular concern in this regard. The potential impact of acidic deposition on As and Se in soils cannot readily be assessed with respect to human exposure, but it would appear that the behavior of these metalloids in poorly buffered, poorly immobilizing soils, e.g., sandy soils of low metal hydrous oxide content, would be most affected. The effect is opposite for the two elements; lowered pH would appear to enhance As mobility and to reduce Se availability. Altered acidity of both soil and aquatic systems poses a risk for altered biotransformation processes involving both As and Se, thereby affecting the relative amounts of different chemical forms varying in their toxicity to humans as well as influencing biogeochemical cycling.
Stimulation of the Periaqueductal Gray and Hypothalamus
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MYOCARDOSIS
Authors: J. B. Wolffe
Journal: JAMA (1930)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The conception of myocardosis as developed by Hyman and Parsonnet inThe Journal, May 24, is a distinct contribution toward a better understanding of this rather confused condition. All are more or less familiar with the objections voiced in regard to the loosely used term "chronic myocarditis" as it appears on hospital records and death certificates; the need for a word more expressive of the real underlying pathologic changes has apparently been answered here. The term "myocardosis," as Hyman and Parsonnet have pointed out, is not a new one. Dr. David Riesman of Philadelphia has been advocating the employment of this term for at least the past six years, both in his classroom work and in his hospital service, and I have been using this term for some time myself. It has always appeared strange that the word has not come into wider usage. The contribution made
Phase I pharmacokinetic study of S-1 plus cisplatin in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC)
Authors: J. A. Ajani, J. Yao, J. Faust, K. Carr, H. Anbe, M. Houghton, P. Urrea
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4043 Background: S-1 (Tegafur, Oxonic acid, & CDHP), an active oral drug against AGC, combined with Cis resulted in a >70% response rate in Japan ( Br J Cancer 89:2207, 2003). Methods: A phase I study of S-1 & Cis with pharmacokinetics (PKs) in patients (Pts) with AGC was performed to determine the MTD in the 1st cycle. The starting dose of S-1 (Level 1) was 25 mg/m2 bid (or 50 mg/m2/day) on d 1–21 q 28 d. The dose of S-1 was increased by 5 mg/m2/dose (Level 2). Cis was initially given at 75 mg/m2 q 28 d (Levels 1 & 2) but was reduced to 60 mg/m2 (to add Level 1A). The standard 3+3-design and DLT/MTD definitions were employed. Eligibility criteria included histologic proof, KPS ≥70, adequate organ function, and written consent. ≤2 chemotherapy regimens were allowed. Results: 16 Pts were enrolled (11 men & median KPS = 90%). 4 (25%) had prior chemotherapy. No DLTs occurred for the expanded Level 1 (see Table). DLTs were observed for Levels 2 and 1A. PKs (Cmax/AUC of tegafur, 5-FU, oxonic acid, CA & CDHP) were performed in all Pts. Dose dependent PKs of 5-FU were observed. Pts with a DLT had higher 5-FU PK parameters than those without a DLT. Several lasting responses were observed (most importantly at the MTD dose). Conclusions: Level 1 (S1/Cis at 50/75) is the MTD of this combination and DLTs correlated with PKs. This is an active combination against AGC and a multi- center phase II is now accruing pts. (Supported by Taiho Pharma USA). Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Taiho Pharma USA, Inc. Taiho Pharma USA, Inc.
MORE CASES OF POISONING FROM WOOD ALCOHOL.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidemic Plague.
Authors: Fred G. Conrad
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Epidemic Plague.Fred G. Conrad, M.D., F.A.C.P., Frank R. Lecocq, M.D., F.A.C.P., Robert Krain, M.D.Fred G. Conrad, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Frank R. Lecocq, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Robert Krain, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1174_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough plague is not a common disease in this country, many physicians will not only practice in areas of the world where the disease is endemic and common, but the rapid air-travel return of military and civilian personnel from these areas may introduce an occasional case into the United States. It may be interesting and important, therefore, to discuss a plague epidemic which occurred at Cam Ranh Bay, R. V. N., in 1967. Plague has been known to be endemic in Cam Ranh City since 1906. There are a large rat population, numerous fleas, a dense nonimmunized civilian population, and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cam Ranh Bay, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1174-1174KeywordsArmed forcesFleasPlague Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hemorrhagic States during Pregnancy
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff, Jack A. Pritchard, Joan E. Colopy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ALTHOUGH uterine hemorrhage is one of the major complications of childbirth and a leading cause of maternal death, the underlying causes have been studied in detail only during the last few years, and knowledge of this subject is still fragmentary. Uterine hemorrhage is said to be due most often to atony, — that is, failure of the uterine musculature to contract immediately post partum, — which may result from local pathologic changes such as the presence of intramural fibromyomas or retained placental fragments, from overdistention of the uterus or from excessive anesthesia, shock or general debility; relatively fewer cases are . . .
P01.12 Stability of actionable mutations in primary and recurrent glioblastomas
Authors: P. J. French, M. Taphoorn, A. Weyerbrock, M. Sanson, A. Hoeben, S. Lukavoca, G. Lombardi, M. Hanse, C. Watts, V. Golfinopoulos, U. McDermott, P. Robe
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Introduction: Current efforts to improve patient survival in glioblastomas (GBMs) is often based on a personalized medicine approach where individual patients are treated based on their acquired genetic changes. For ethical reasons, this approach is mainly carried out at tumor recurrence. However, all molecular data is derived from the initial tumor: resections of recurrent GBMs are seldom performed. This study aims to assess whether genetic tumor changes of initial GBMs are still present at recurrence. This establishes whether repeated tumor biopsies are necessary prior to patient inclusion in targeted therapy trials for relapsing GBM. Materials and methods: Patients aged > 18, diagnosed with GBM both at presentation and at recurrence were included in the analysis. All patients were treated according to the current standard of care (temozomolide and radiotherapy). DNA was isolated from pairs of initial and recurrent GBM (FFPE) tumor and samples were sequenced on a panel of ~350 oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Results: To date, 255 patients were identified from twelve centers in six countries. Complete clinical data is available from 197 patients with median age of 54.3 years. 98% and 91% of patients had performance score (KPS) >70 at first surgery and second surgery respectively. Our cohort contained relatively few biopsies (3.2% and 4.3% at initial and recurrent surgery respectively). Median survival was 20.9 months, and median time to second surgery 11.2 months. Higher age, greater lesion size at second surgery and steroid treatment were associated with poorer survival in this patient cohort. Preliminary data showed that 6 out of 16 sequenced recurrent GBM samples (37.5%) either gained or lost point mutations in TP53, EGFR, PTEN, TERT, MTOR and MSH6 genes among others. Sequencing analysis of additional tumors is ongoing. CONCLUSION: This preliminary data warrants caution when extrapolating genetic profiling data from initial to recurrent GBM tumors.
On Diseases of Joints
Authors: H. Coote
Journal: BMJ (1858)

Case xii.Aneurism of the left middle cerebral artery; ab- sence of atheroma in the arteries at the base of the brain; epileptic seizures.Case xm.Aneurism of the descending aorta bursting into t,he left pleura.Of these aneurisms, nine were situated in the thoracic cavity; and the third case is the most interesting of all.Here two aneurismal pouches were, connected with the heart itself; one occupying the ventricular septum, the other the upper part of the right ventricle.The rapid progress made by the on 15 July
SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Posttranslational Modifications of the Master Transcriptional Regulator NPR1 Enable Dynamic but Tight Control of Plant Immune Responses
Authors: Abdelaty Saleh, John Withers, Rajinikanth Mohan, Jorge Marqués, Yangnan Gu, Shunping Yan, Raul Zavaliev, Mika Nomoto, Yasuomi Tada, Xinnian Dong
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2016)
Hierarchical and Cybernetic Nature of Biologic Systems and Their Relevance to Homeostatic Adaptation to Low-Level Exposures to Oxidative Stress-Inducing Agents
Authors: James E. Trosko
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

During evolution in an aerobic environment, multicellular organisms survived by adaptive responses to both the endogenous oxidative metabolism in the cells of the organism and the chemicals and low-level radiation to which they had been exposed.The defense repertoire exists at all levels of the biological hierarchy-from the molecular and biochemical level to the cellular and tissue level to the organ and organ system level.Cells contain preventive antioxidants to suppress oxidative damage to membranes.Cells also contain proteins and DNA; built-in redundancies for damaged molecules and organelles; tightly coupled redox systems; pools of reductants; antioxidants; DNA repair mechanisms and sensitive sensor molecules such as nuclear factor kappa beta; and signal transduction mechanisms affecting both transcription and post-translational modification of proteins needed to cope with oxidative stress.The biologic consequences of the low-level radiation that exceeds the background level of oxidative damage could be necrosis or apoptosis, cell proliferation, or cell differentiation.These effects are triggered by oxidative stress-induced signal transduction mechanisms-an epigenetic, not genotoxic, process.If the end points of cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell death are not seen at frequencies above background levels in an organism, it is unlikely that low-level radiation would play a role in the multistep processes of chronic diseases such as cancer.The mechanism linked to homeostatic regulation of proliferation and adaptive functions in a multicellular organism could provide protection of any one cell receiving deposited energy by the radiation tract through the sharing of reductants and by triggering apoptosis of target stem cells.Examples of the role of gap junctional intercellular communication in the adaptive response of cells and the bystander effect illustrate how the interaction of cells can modulate the effect of radiation on the single cell.
Value of mismatch repair, <i>KRAS,</i> and <i>BRAF</i> mutations in predicting recurrence and benefits from chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.
Authors: G. Hutchins, K. Southward, K. Handley, L. Magill, C. Beaumont, S. Richman, M. T. Seymour, D. J. Kerr, R. G. Gray, P. Quirke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3517 Background: There is uncertainty whether the modest benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II colorectal cancer are sufficient to justify the toxicity, cost and inconvenience. Tumor markers that could reliably predict the likelihood of recurrence or the responsiveness to chemotherapy would, therefore, be particularly helpful in stage II disease. Methods: We assessed the prognostic and predictive value of defective mismatch repair (dMMR) and KRAS and BRAF mutations using retrospectively collected tumor blocks from patients (91% stage II) in QUASAR-1, a large randomised comparison of chemotherapy versus control. Pathological data were extracted from original reports. 1,915 blocks were analysed by immunohistochemistry for dMMR (MLH1/MSH2). 1,583 were assessed by pyrosequencing for KRAS mutations of codons 12, 13 and 61 and 1,582 for BRAF V600E mutation status. Results: 26% (179/695) of right-sided colon, 3% (22/682) of left-sided colon and 1% (3/393) of rectal tumours were dMMR. Similarly, 17% (98/570) of right-sided colon, 2% (10/513) of left-sided colon and 2% (8/345) of rectal tumours were B-raf mutant. K-ras mutant tumours were more evenly distributed: 40% (226/569) right-sided colon, 28% (144/514) left- sided colon and 37% (126/344) in rectal cancers. The risk of recurrence of dMMR tumors was half that for MMR proficient tumours [11% (25/218) vs. 26% (438/1695); risk ratio (RR) = 0.53, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.70: p < 0.0001]. The risk of recurrence was also significantly higher for K-ras mutant than K-ras wildtype tumours: 28% (150/542) vs. 21% (219/1,041) recurred; RR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.13 to 1.74: p = 0.003]. The risk of recurrence did not differ significantly between B-raf mutant and wildtype tumours (RR = 0.86, 95%CI 0.57 to 1.22: p = 0.36). The increased risk of recurrence in MMR proficient and K-ras mutant tumours was similar in the presence and absence of chemotherapy and established pathological risk factors such as T4 stage. Conclusions: MMR assays of right-sided colon cancers identify a group of patients with a low risk of recurrence. KRAS mutation analysis of colon and rectal cancer also provides useful risk stratification to guide the need for adjuvant chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
"Country doctor" passes from publishing scene
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

When Howard Franklin Conn, MD, died April 17 at the age of 73, he was in the unique situation of having two distinct but equally enviable reputations. Locally, he was perhaps the best-known citizen of Uniontown, a historic (dating to an 18th century frontier fort) county seat community of about 20,000 in a farming and mining area along "the West Virginia corner" of Pennsylvania. He was born nearby, raised his family (five children) there, and practiced in the locality from 1939 on. Nationally, and to some extent internationally, his name was linked with his editorship of<i>Current Therapy</i>and other medical reference books, 52 editions of which have been published in six languages. "Imagine the influence this country doctor has had on the practice of medicine in the United States since he first published<i>Current Therapy</i>in 1949, and annually since then," says John J. Hanley, president of the WB
Traumatic avulsion of the uterus in a four-months pregnancy
Authors: W. J. Thomson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

SEVERE TRAUMA to the abdomen of a four months' pregnant woman caused intrauterine crushing of the baby's head and nearly complete traumatic avulsion of the uterus, without rupture. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> On Sept 13, 1964, at 4:25 PM, the patient was admitted to the emergency room of St. Benedict's Hospital, Ogden, Utah, in severe shock. She was 17 years old, Spanish American, and about four months pregnant. It was reported that she had been horseback riding in the country about 15 miles from Ogden. According to witnesses, the horse reared up on its hind legs and fell over backwards, the patient fell to the ground on her back, and the horse fell on top of her. She experienced severe lower abdominal pain, marked weakness, and faintness but did not lose consciousness. She arrived at the hospital about one hour after the accident. She was in severe shock, very pale,