tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Airborne Pollutants on Mucociliary Clearance
Authors: Ronald K. Wolff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The mucociliary clearance system is a first line of defense against inhaled agents, and so its compromise can adversely affect health. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of data on the effect of in vivo air pollutant exposures on the clearance of test particles from airways. Data from both animals and humans are compared whenever possible, so that estimates of human health effects may be made. Mechanisms of action are also discussed, presenting the view that for low level exposures, changes in secretions are probably responsible for most observed changes in clearance. The pollutants pertinent to this review are those that are common in the environment and most likely to have impacts on large numbers of people: sulfur oxides, sulfuric acid mist, O3, NO2, particulates, diesel exhaust, and cigarette smoke.
Rotating work schedules give new meanings to familiar 'early to bed, early to rise'
Authors: C. A. Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1988)

IF SLEEP RESEARCHERS had their way, chronohygiene would take its place alongside shaving, showering, and brushing one's teeth in the daily routines of personal care. The term was coined by Charles Ehret, PhD, in the course of educating shift workers on how to adjust their bodies (and spirits) to the demands of rotating work schedules or graveyard shifts in the wee hours of the morning. Ehret is president of General Chronobionics, based in Hinsdale, Ill. Chronobiologists, as specialists on circadian rhythms have come to be known, think that some rotating schedules are better than others; these are the ones where the work schedule changes at one-week or longer intervals and advances clockwise (morning, afternoon, night). But with a schedule like this, persons still need to adjust, within a day or two, to the changeover. While such adjustments are not easy, there are steps persons can take to make them more
NECROLOGY.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chymopapain and chemonucleolysis
Authors: W. R. Halliday
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Dr Friedman's comments on my article are, as he promised, both practical and pertinent. They come, as I know personally, from many years of devotion to the teaching and practice of family medicine, and so are most welcome. Happily, too, Friedman supplements several points I had to make only indirectly for the sake of brevity. Friedman's comments on the unfriendly environment of the university hospital are especially telling. This is a complaint heard all too frequently. It poses a serious and unmet challenge to those clinicians concerned about teaching the caring obligations of the physician. The legitimate needs of teaching and research unquestionably complicate the care of patients. But they cannot justify insensitivity in the place where nurses and physicians receive the first and often lasting impressions of how to care for those in need of their help. Equally cogent are Friedman's observations about the unsatisfactory care of
Aerosolised iloprost improves pulmonary haemodynamics in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension receiving continuous epoprostenol treatment
Authors: V Petkov, R Ziesche, W Mosgoeller, P Schenk, K Vonbank, L Stiebellehner, M Raderer, Ch Brunner, M Kneussl, L H Block
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND Continuous intravenous treatment with epoprostenol significantly improves pulmonary haemodynamics and survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). Its beneficial effect, however, may be blunted due to adverse effects such as catheter sepsis and systemic hypotension. Recent investigations have shown that inhaled iloprost is effective in the treatment of PPH. Based on their different pharmacokinetics, we hypothesised that the combination of intravenous epoprostenol and inhaled iloprost would be more efficacious than epoprostenol alone during acute testing in patients with PPH. METHODS The effect of a single dose of inhaled iloprost (30 μg total over 15 minutes) on pulmonary haemodynamics was examined in eight patients with PPH (initial non-responders to nitric oxide) who had considerable adverse effects during treatment with epoprostenol. RESULTS The combination of inhaled iloprost and intravenous epoprostenol significantly improved mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP), cardiac index (CI), mixed venous oxygen saturation (Sv o 2 ), and systemic arterial oxygen pressure (Pa o 2 ) compared with epoprostenol treatment alone. Mean systemic arterial pressure (MSAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The pulmonary vasoreactivity shown by additional iloprost inhalation during effective epoprostenol treatment suggests that an improvement of treatment for pulmonary hypertension may be possible by combining vasoactive substances.
The decision to 'unmedicate'
Authors: W. Flamenbaum
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Inherent in prescribing drugs is a decision that the benefit resulting from therapy is greater than the risk associated with a given medication. A corollary of this concept should be an ongoing review of whether it is necessary to continue the administration of a particular drug indefinitely, or whether it is safe to "unmedicate" under certain circumstances. Reviews of this type have shown, for example, that adult epileptics taking phenytoin can be unmedicated with impunity in 60% of the cases.<sup>1</sup>Another well-accepted but controversial precept of medical care concerns the role of nonpharmacologic therapy for patients with hypertension. Specifically, the effect of weight reduction and sodium restriction on the drug treatment of hypertension, and the resultant influence on morbidity and mortality, remains incompletely elucidated. Langford and co-workers<sup>2</sup>report in this issue ofThe Journalthe results of a study designed to determine whether patients receiving aggressive antihypertensive therapy
Correction of an Author’s Degree and the Map of China in a Figure and eFigure
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2018)

Yuan-yuan Wang, PhD; Qin Li, MMSc; Yuming Guo, PhD; Hong Zhou, PhD; Xiaobin Wang, MD; Qiaomei Wang, MD; Haiping Shen, MD; Yiping Zhang, MD; Donghai Yan, MD; Ya Zhang, BM; Hongguang Zhang, BS; Shanshan Li, PhD; Gongbo Chen, PhD; Jun Zhao, PhD; Yuan He, PhD; Ying Yang, PhD; Jihong Xu, PhD; Yan Wang, BS; Zuoqi Peng, BS; Hai-Jun Wang, PhD; Xu Ma, MS
From the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal disease.
Authors: S. L. Wilens
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The wealth of new information concerning the kidney may not have completed the conquest of renal disease, but it has inspired a number of new books, not all of uniformly scholarly attainment. The present volume, however, stands out as a monumental accomplishment, one that can be read by any devoted nephrophile with comfort and satisfaction. Its knowledgeable contributors from several continents write with authority on their own selective fields; every conceivable facet of the subject, and one or two somewhat extraneous ones, are well covered. In various chapters the convoluted ramifications of renal dynamics are pursued relentlessly up limb and down tubule. The knotty problems of glomerular function are unraveled and neatly retied. Even the relatively recent principles of Homer Smith are in part superseded by such marvelous mechanisms as "sodium pumps," "cross current multipliers," "stop flows," and "feed backs." Oliver's footnote quotation from Samuel Johnson, "Why walk a distance
Gynecologie et Obstetrique, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The cocaine 'body packer' syndrome. Diagnosis and treatment
Authors: M. M. McCarron
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The current recommended treatment for cocaine "body packers" is surgical removal of the drug packages to prevent death due to cocaine poisoning. We describe 47 patients treated successfully with purgation and one patient who required surgery to remove packages obstructing the small bowel. Treatment decisions depend on the physical findings, the location of the cocaine packages in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and the type of package. Twelve patients (25%) had packages highly susceptible to breakage or leaching cocaine; in two cases, pieces of wrapping sloughed in the GI tract, and in another, a bag broke as it was being passed. In 36 cases (75%), the packages were more resistant to breakage or leaching cocaine, and no complications occurred. The types of packages can often be distinguished roentgenographically; however, 12 patients who passed cocaine packages had abdominal roentgenograms that did not show these foreign bodies. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:1417-1420)
METABOLIC PATHWAYS
Authors: S. Adams, C. Teo, K. McDonald, A. Zinger, S. Bustamante, C. K. Lim, N. Braidy, B. J. Brew, G. J. Guillemin, S. Agnihotri, K. Burrell, S. Singh, A. Vartanian, A. Wolf, F. Lang, R. Verhaak, C. Hawkins, K. Aldape, G. Zadeh, C. Chesnelong, M. Chaumeil, M. D. Blough, M. Al-Najjar, O. D. Stechishin, S. Ronen, S. Weiss, H. A. Luchman, J. G. Cairncross, E. Fonkem, R. Tobin, J. Griffin, A. Zuzek, M. Rogers, M. Giladi, Y. Wasserman, N. Urman, Y. Porat, R. Schneiderman, M. Munster, U. Weinberg, E. Kirson, Y. Palti, J. Godlewski, A. Bronisz, K. Ansari, D. Ogawa, M. O. Nowicki, E. A. Chiocca, A. Kathagen, A. Schulte, G. Balcke, H. Phillips, H. Gunther, M. Westphal, K. Lamszus, K. Makino, H. Nakamura, T.-i. Hide, S. Yano, J.-i. Kuroda, J.-i. Kuratsu, F. Fack, D. Bonnel, G. Hochart, A. C. Navis, P. Wesseling, W. P. J. Leenders, J. Stauber, S. P. Niclou, F. Sahm, I. Oezen, C. Opitz, B. Radlwimmer, A. von Deimling, H. B. Bode, T. Ahrendt, S. Adams, G. Guillemin, W. Wick, M. Platten, D. Schonberg, D. Lubelski, J. Rich, A. Vartanian, S. K. Singh, K. Burrell, S. Agnihotri, N. Sabha, G. Zadeh
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)
Retraction Note: Trans-silencing effect of the 3′RR immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer on Igκ transcription at the pro-B cell stage
Authors: Nour Ghazzaui, Hussein Issaoui, Ophélie Alyssa Martin, Alexis Saintamand, Jeanne Cook-Moreau, Yves Denizot, François Boyer
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2021)
LOCUMTENENTS FEES
Journal: BMJ (1915)

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The Neuroses in War
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Weaning
Authors: Ch. Hörmann, M. Baum, Ch. Putensen, W. Lingnau, N. Mutz, F. Aïssa, X. Du Fretay, E. Guerot, L. Decoux, J. Labrousse, S. Zakynthinos, A. Armaganidis, T. Vasilakopoulos, A. Kotanidou, E. Koutsoukos, Z. Daniil, C. Roussos, M. Vagiakis, C. Routsi, I. Vallverdú, A. Ortiz, E. Bak, A. Net, S. Benito, J. Mancebo, M. Dojat, A. Harf, F. Lemaire, L. Brochard
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
FATIGUE DYSPEPSIA
Authors: G. Rankin
Journal: BMJ (1915)

ROYAL WATERLOO HIOSPlIT L9. is almiiost neeessary to offer an apology for introduLcigcr itiO the imiass of literat-ure in connexioin witlh digestive dlistturbances aniv niew clemenit thiat muay serve to inicrease thje coniplexity of a subject alrea(ly renulem-ed sufficiently difficult by conlfuising amid overlapping classificationi nio less tllhan by perplexing etiological coilsiderations and a wilderess
Correction
Journal: Circulation (2007)

the following changes are needed:1. On page 2778, in the second column, first paragraph, the phrase "or hospitalization" should be added to the penultimate sentence to read, "In the Assessment of Treatment with Lisinopril and Survival (ATLAS) trial, mortality or hospitalization was significantly lower in patients with HF who received a high dose of lisinopril (32.5 to 35 mg/d) than in those treated with a low dose of lisinopril (2.5 to 5 mg/d). 169" 2. On page 2779, at the bottom of the first column, the sentence beginning "Although all 3 of these agents. .." should read, "Although all 3 of these agents (metoprolol, carvedilol, and bisoprolol) are beneficial in patients with HF, the Carvedilol or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET) demonstrated a 17% greater mortality reduction in favor of carvedilol compared with metoprolol, with mean daily doses of 42 and 85 mg/d, respectively. 183"These changes have been made in the current online version of this article.
ANGI-02. GENOME-WIDE shRNA SCREEN IDENTIFIES CANDIDATE GENES DRIVING GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION
Authors: Anne Schuster, Virginie Neirinckx, Eliane Klein, Petr V Nazarov, Anais Oudin, Arnaud Muller, Fransisco Azuaje, Christel Herold-Mende, Barbara Klink, Simone Niclou
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND A major hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) is its invasive capacity, contributing to its aggressive behaviour. Invasive cells cannot be easily removed by surgery or irradiation and eventually result in lethal recurrence. A better understanding of the invasion process and the key molecular players underlying the invasive potential of GBM may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for GBM patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS To identify candidate genes responsible for invasion, a genome-wide shRNA screen was performed in patient-derived GBM cultures. The most promising candidate was validated in in vitro invasion assays, ex vivo brain slice cultures and in vivo orthotopic xenografts in mice. Gene knockdown in invasive GBM cells was compared with overexpression in non-invasive cells. RNAseq of knockdown cells, along with the generation of deletion constructs were applied to uncover the mechanisms regulating invasion. RESULTS A zinc-finger domain containing protein was identified as an invasion essential candidate gene. Knockdown of this gene confirmed a strong impact on invasion in highly invasive GBM cells. In contrast, gene overexpression switched non-invasive GBM cells to an invasive phenotype. Deletion of one or both zinc-finger motifs decreased invasion indicating that both are essential for regulating invasion. Mutation of the nuclear localisation signal resulted in retention of the protein in the cytoplasm and loss of the invasion phenotype demonstrating that the protein activity is required in the nucleus. Gene expression analyses revealed that invasion-related genes are significantly regulated by the candidate gene once it is localized in the nucleus. CONCLUSION We identified a zinc-finger containing protein as a novel driver of GBM invasion, presumably through transcription factor activity resulting in the induction of an invasive transcriptional program. This protein and its downstream pathway may represent novel promising targets to overcome invasive capacities in GBM.
Questionnaire Studies
Authors: Stanley Schor
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Questionnaire studies are old hat in the behavioral sciences. Many years ago excellent scientific work was done in attempting to solve the many problems these kinds of studies entailed. How to handle the nonrespondent, how to combine questions to get meaningful solutions to the problems posed, how to weight each respondent so that the overall response is representative of the target population, and how to collate answers so that they measure such nebulous concepts as attitudes, quality, and well-being, have been described very well in most behavioral science texts on the subject. Enter the physician. He rediscovers the wheel. Without reading any of the background material concerned with questionnaire studies in other fields, he devises such instruments and tries to answer questions with arbitrarily drawn samples, ambiguously worded questions, improperly tabulated answers, and incorrectly analyzed data. Descriptions of these studies find their way into the medical literature not because anything
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Authors: Edward W. Saitz
Journal: JAMA (1978)

IN PREPARATION for a joint audit study, four community hospitals reviewed their statistics of patients discharged with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia during the past two calendar years. The total number of discharges was determined for each of the different International Classification of Diseases Adapted (ICDA) codes for pneumonia. In most persons, the cause of the pneumonia was not specified, but there were 48 cases of pneumococcal pneumonia from all hospitals during the two years. This seemed to be an unusually high number of reported cases for a group of small hospitals. Therefore, a special study of pneumococcal pneumonia was conducted along with a general study of pneumonia. Two screening criteria were used for the pneumococcal pneumonia study, which included (1) abnormal chest roentgenogram, ie, compatible with pneumonia anytime during admission, and (2) positive sputum culture for pneumococci. Of the 48 records coded as a primary discharge diagnosis of pneumococcal