tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3481: A Prospective Comparison of NMR-Measured LDL Particle Number, Apolipoprotein B100, and Standard Lipids with Incident CHD in 27,673 Initially Healthy Women
Authors: Samia Mora, James Otvos, Julie E Buring, Nader Rifai, Paul M Ridker
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background While ATP-III recommends measurement of total and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) as part of coronary risk assessment, measurement of LDL particle number (LDL-P) is not currently recommended. Methods and Results In a prospective cohort of 27,673 initially healthy women, baseline LDL-P was measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB) was measured using an immunoturbidimetric assay, and standard lipids were directly measured. LDL-P correlated with LDL cholesterol (LDL-C; r=0.62), ApoB (0.84), non HDL-C (0.74), and total:HDL-C ratio (0.80). During a mean follow-up of 11 years, 668 incident coronary heart disease (CHD) events occurred. Using the lowest quintile as the reference, and adjusting for age, smoking, blood pressure, diabetes, menopause, hormone use, and body mass index, the association of LDL-P with CHD was stronger than LDL-C (Table ), and comparable in magnitude to ApoB, non HDL-C and total:HDL-C ratio. In a subgroup analysis of women with LDL-C&lt;100 mg/dL, elevations in LDL-P, ApoB, non HDL-C, or total:HDL-C ratio were all separately associated with higher CHD risk (P&lt;0.001 for all). Both LDL-P and ApoB remained associated with CHD after additionally adjusting for total cholesterol, HDL-C, and triglycerides (hazard ratios for top vs bottom quintile: 2.03 [95% CI 1.27–3.24] for LDL-P, and 3.08 [95% CI 1.92– 4.93] for ApoB) overall, and similarly in women with LDL-C&lt;100 mg/dL (2.77 [95%CI 1.05–7.29] for LDL-P and 2.62 [95%CI 0.97–7.05] for ApoB). Conclusions In this large-scale prospective cohort, elevations in NMR-measured LDL particle number were significantly associated with incident CHD, with a magnitude of risk not substantially different from ApoB, non HDL-C, or total:HDL-C ratio. Among women with LDL-C &lt;100mg/dL, elevations in LDL-P, ApoB, non HDL-C, and total:HDL-C ratio all carried higher CHD risk. Risk Factor-Adjusted Hazard Ratios for Incident CHD
From the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
British Heart Journal, London
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Randomized comparative trial and cost analysis of 3-day antimicrobial regimens for treatment of acute cystitis in women
Authors: T. M. Hooton
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the efficacy, safety, and costs associated with four different 3-day regimens for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. <h3>Design.</h3> —A prospective randomized trial with a cost analysis. <h3>Study Population.</h3> —Women with acute cystitis attending a student health center. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Treatment with 3-day oral regimens of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 160 mg/800 mg twice daily, macrocrystalline nitrofurantoin, 100 mg four times daily, cefadroxil, 500 mg twice daily, or amoxicillin, 500 mg three times daily. <h3>Results.</h3> —Six weeks after treatment, 32 (82%) of 39 women treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were cured compared with 22 (61%) of 36 treated with nitrofurantoin (<i>P</i>=.04 vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole),21 (66%) of 32 treated with cefadroxil (<i>P</i>=.11 vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), and 28 (67%) of 42 treated with amoxicillin (<i>P</i>=.11 vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Persistence of significant bacteriuria was less common with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (3%) and cefadroxil (0%) compared with nitrofurantoin (16%;<i>P</i>=.05 vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and amoxicillin (14%;<i>P</i>=.11 vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Persistence of bacteriuria was associated with amoxicillin-resistant strains in the amoxicillin group but nitrofurantoin-susceptible strains in the nitrofurantoin group. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was more successful in eradicating<i>Escherichia coli</i>from rectal cultures soon after therapy and from urethral and vaginal cultures at all follow-up visits compared with the other treatment regimens. Adverse effects were reported by 16 (35%) of 46 patients receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 18 (43%) of 42 receiving nitrofurantoin, 12 (30%) of 40 receiving cefadroxil, and 13 (25%) of 52 receiving amoxicillin. The mean costs per patient were less with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ($114) and amoxicillin ($131) compared with nitrofurantoin ($155) and cefadroxil ($155). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A 3-day regimen of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is more effective and less expensive than 3-day regimens of nitrofurantoin, cefadroxil, or amoxicillin for treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women. The increased efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is likely related to its antimicrobial effects against<i>E coli</i>in the rectum, urethra, and vagina. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:41-45)
ACS/NIH Organ Transplant Registry
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What is surgical mortality?
Authors: A. W. Cook
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Depending upon regional attitudes, "surgical mortality" may be defined as death from the time of initiation of an operation to ten days or to many months thereafter. Specifically, in the latter instance, it has been considered by some mandatory that the patient not leave the hospital and that death in the hospital at any time after an operation must be included in surgical mortality statistics. Such thinking has been extended also to include instances in which an operation is planned but death occurs before it can be executed. Designations of this character obviously assign a statistical significance to death related only to the time of surgery with complete disregard of all other items which, in truth, may have been more important. Indeed, the question can be rightfully asked, "What is a surgical death?" There can be no question that certain events can be related to a surgical procedure and require
Editorial Board
Authors: George Bartley, Henry Jampel, Daniel Albert, Andrew Schachat, Anita Agarwal, T Iqbal, Ike Ahmed, Jayakrishna Ambati, Tin Aung, Singapore Bengtsson, James Brandt, Wiley Chambers, Balwantray Chauhan, Emily Chew, Michael Chiang, Mary Cotch, Helen Danesh-Meyer, Marjan Farid, Steven Gedde, Lynn Gordon, Los Angeles, Mingguang He, Bennie Jeng, Tianjing Li, Sue Lightman
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
Reproductive outcome after chromosome analysis in couples with two or more miscarriages: case-control study
Journal: BMJ (2006)

in the academic reference.Powis et al found that interviewers' negative remarks had weak predictive value for course withdrawal, 7 and Papadakis et al suggested some correlation between negative statements regarding unprofessional undergraduate behaviour and later disciplinary action in graduates. 8In view of our results, statement review remains an integral part of our admissions process.Similarly, we are not aware that others have examined the timing of course offers in relation to undergraduate progress. Future policy and researchMany medical schools in the United Kingdom are exploring more varied admissions policies, perhaps incorporating elements of the successful Australian policies of lower examination grades accompanied by psychometric testing. 3Their outcome evaluations, especially in relation to non-traditional students, may be important in guiding future policy across the UK. 2 9 Our data suggest that the current four stage approach to student selection is sound, but we now have concerns that the introduction by UCAS of open references will reduce the opportunities for head teachers to draw attention to personal qualities or difficulties that might make it difficult for a student to succeed in medicine.A structured reference might be more helpful.Pastoral support at Nottingham includes informal meetings with personal tutors and more intensive formal mechanisms, yet some students still hide, or deny, their difficulties until they reach a crisis point.In the course of this research we noticed a high incidence of depressive illnesses in strugglers, which is of particular concern.We intend to review our strugglers and our pastoral practices more closely to see what further support could be offered, perhaps as targeted interventions to those at greatest risk.Research elsewhere has identified personal, social, cultural, and financial pressures that may particularly affect students from non-mainstream backgrounds and that may need to be addressed explicitly and proactively. 10 11Failure in clinical examinations may have a sex related or cultural basis because the current emphasis on patient centred, empathetic care may be more natural for women than for men 12 and may present a considerable difficulty for students from more paternalistic cultures. 13Language barriers may be important because fluency in standard English may not be adequate for medical and colloquial needs. 14 We plan further investigations into the nature of negative comments and the characteristics and difficulties of those who do less well on the course.
TRUTH AND POETRY CONCERNING URIC ACID.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Voluntary services in hospitals.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

BRITISH MEDiCAL jouRNAL I11 SEPTEBER 1971 597 layed gastric emptying, which has usually been explained by disturbance of motility caused by vagotomy.Perhaps a more rational explanation is that the gastric pacemaker and its conduction system has been separated from the distal stomach.'0Surgical manceuvres at the distal end of the stomach could also affect the conducting pathways between the antral pacesetter and the duodenum.The intrinsic electrical activity of the stomach may be as important to gastric motor function as is that of the cardiac pacemaker and conducting system to the functioning of the heart.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: M. M. HENDERSON
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

BOOK REVIEWS Get access Approaches to Breast Cancer Prevention Basil A. Stoll , ed. Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Kluwer Acad . Publ. 1991 . 244 pp., illus. $59. Developments in Oncology, Vol. 62. MAUREEN M. HENDERSON MAUREEN M. HENDERSON Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer, Research Center1124 Columbia St., MP-702 Seattle, WA 98104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 5, 4 March 1992, Pages 352–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.5.352 Published: 04 March 1992
Abstract 631 ADAM12 Is An Important Regulator Of Myocyte Apoptosis Induced By β-adrenergic Receptor Stimulation
Authors: Hang Xi, Khadija Rafiq, Marie Hanscom, Rachid Seqqat, Nikolay L Malinin, Irene Griswold-prenner, Abdelkarim Sabri
Journal: Circulation (2007)

ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease)12 is a member of a family of cell surface proteins with protease and cell-binding activities. Recent work showed ADAM12 up-regulation in human heart failure. However, the activation mechanisms of ADAM12 in the heart are obscure. We hypothesized that β-adrenergic receptors (AR) stimulation regulates ADAM12 activation in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) in-vitro and after injection of isoproterenol (ISO) in-vivo. Wistar rats received a single injection of ISO (5 mg/kg) and were sacrificed 6, 24 and 72 hrs later. In comparison with controls, left ventricular function was impaired in rats 24 hrs after ISO injection and started to improve at 72 hrs. The fraction of myocytes undergoing apoptosis peaked 24 hrs after ISO injection and declined thereafter. ADAM12 protein was reduced in hearts from ISO treated animals at 6 hrs, pointing to a possible increase in ADAM12 proteolytic activity. However, both ADAM12 expression and activation were significantly up-regulated at 24 and 72 hrs after ISO injection. We therefore assessed whether ADAM12 activation was involved in myocyte apoptosis secondary to excess exposure of catecholamine. Acute stimulation with ISO (10 μM, 30 min to 3 hrs) induced accumulation of ADAM12 N-terminal cleavage product in conditioned medium, demonstrating activation of the ADAM metalloprotease activity. However, chronic stimulation with ISO for 24 hrs and 48 hrs significantly increased both ADAM12 expression and secretion. This ISO-induced ADAM12 expression/activation was mediated through β 1 -AR stimulation and was dependent on intracellular calcium elevation and protein kinase C activation. Adenoviral expression of an ADAM12 protease-deficient mutant (ADAM12DeltaMP) blocks β-AR-induced myocyte apoptosis, while transduction of NRVMs with adenovirus harboring ADAM12 significantly increased myocyte apoptosis. These data suggest that ADAM12 is a regulator of myocyte apoptosis induced by β-AR in NRVMs and may play an important autocrine role in mediating the effects of β-AR on myocardial remodeling.
Dementia
Authors: Peter V. Rabins, David M. Blass
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

This issue provides a clinical overview of dementia, focusing on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, practice improvement, and patient information. The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the American College of Physicians (ACP), including ACP Smart Medicine and MKSAP (Medical Knowledge and Self-Assessment Program). Annals of Internal Medicine editors develop In the Clinic from these primary sources in collaboration with the ACP's Medical Education and Publishing divisions and with the assistance of science writers and physician writers. Editorial consultants from ACP Smart Medicine and MKSAP provide expert review of the content. Readers who are interested in these primary resources for more detail can consult http://smartmedicine.acponline.org, https://mksap.acponline.org/, and other resources referenced in each issue of In the Clinic.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Kim and colleagues designed a predictive model for adverse outcomes in older surgical patients.In a single-institution prospective cohort study, they performed a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) of 275 elderly patients (aged ≥65 years) undergoing elective operation.A multidimensional frailty score (MFS) was established using the results of the CGA, and it was shown that the MFS is more useful than conventional methods for predicting the outcomes of geriatric patients.
Prospective long term follow-up of patients with indwelling self-expanding metallic Z-stents , Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcome of fetal ovarian cysts in relation to their ultrasonic appearance and size. METHODS: Forty-two fetal ovarian cysts were diagnosed in 41 fetuses and followed with serial ultrasonograms in utero and after birth until spontaneous or surgical resolution. RESULTS: Twelve fetal ovarian cysts that were echogenic at diagnosis and six that were anechoic at diagnosis but became echogenic at subsequent prenatal sonograms were all submitted to postnatal surgery. Of the remaining 24 cysts, all anechoic, four were successfully aspirated in utero, 11 resolved spontaneously after birth, and nine underwent postnatal surgery for complication. The outcome of cysts that were anechoic at diagnosis was significantly correlated with size (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Echogenic fetal ovarian cysts should be always surgically removed. The outcome of anechoic cysts depends on the size at diagnosis, and serial ultrasonographic assessment is recommended; although not randomized, the present series suggests that in utero aspiration of cysts > 5 cm may prevent complication and subsequent oophorectomy.
Antibody to hepatitis A antigen in institutionalized mentally retarded patients
Authors: W. Szmuness
Journal: JAMA (1977)

. Institutionalized patients with Down syndrome and matched controls with other causes of mental retardation were tested by immune adherence hemagglutination for the presence of antibody to hepatitis A antigen (antiHA). Altogether 75.1% (175 of 233) exhibited presence of anti-HA, with no differences by sex or age. Patients reactive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HB<sub>s</sub>Ag) or its antibody (anti-HB<sub>s</sub>) were reactive for anti-HA significantly more frequently than those with a negative reaction for these markers. In contrast to serologic markers of hepatitis type B, prevalence of anti-HA does not depend on the cause of mental retardation or on the age at primary infection. The rate of anti-HA positivity was found to be closely correlated with duration of institutionalization. The study confirmed that many closed institutions for the mentally retarded are hyperendemic for hepatitis type A and that formation of anti-HA is not greatly affected by either immune deficiency or immune immaturity. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1702-1705, 1977)
Results of a GlobaL Phase II Study with Crizotinib in Advanced ALK-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: D.-W. Kim, M.-J Ahn, Y. Shi, T.M. De Pas, P.-C Yang, G.J. Riely, L. Crinò, T.L. Evans, X. Liu, J.-Y. Han, R. Salgia, S. Lanzalone, A. Polli, S. Iyer, A.T. Shaw
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
All the president's men
Authors: Tiago Villanueva
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<b>Eduardo Barroso</b>, a general surgeon by training, specialised in transplant surgery in Addenbrooke9s Hospital, Cambridge, in the early 980s. In 1986, he became doctor to the Portuguese president and remains presidential doctor to the current president. He has developed a prolific career in the Portuguese media as a television guest and commentator, newspaper columnist, and author of four books.
Physician Recruitment
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
International Conference on the Morphological Precursors of Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

International Conference on the Morphological Precursors of Cancer Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 1, July 1960, Page 217, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.1.217 Published: 01 July 1960