tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enzyme inhibitory autoantibodies to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in primary biliary cirrhosis differ for mammalian, yeast and bacterial enzymes: Implications for molecular mimicry
Authors: K Teoh
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic autoimmune disease in which serum autoantibodies against the mitochondrial 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase enzyme complexes (M2 antibodies) are regularly present. Molecular mimicry of host proteins by bacterial counterparts is a suggested explanation for the origin of these autoantibodies. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the functional reactivity of serum autoantibodies by means of an enzyme inhibition assay against pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from different sources: mammalian, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. The 10 primary biliary cirrhosis sera all reacted on immunofluorescence study for M2 antibodies and on immunoblotting with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit from each of the three enzymes, but there were strikingly different inhibitory capacities. The primary biliary cirrhosis sera were highly inhibitory for mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (10 of 10 inhibitory; mean level of inhibition, 99%), moderately inhibitory for yeast pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (10 of 10 inhibitory; mean level, 70%) and weakly inhibitory for Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (4 of 10 inhibitory; mean level, 26%). Thus, with a functional assay that depends on epitope recognition of primary biliary cirrhosis sera, cross-reactivity between mammalian and bacterial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex enzymes is low and molecular mimicry, at least at the B-lymphocyte level, is not supported. (HEPATOLOGY 1994; 19:1029–1033.)
Changes in the Prevalence of Major Depression and Comorbid Substance Use Disorders in the United States Between 1991–1992 and 2001–2002
Authors: Wilson Compton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The authors examined changes in the prevalence of major depression in the United States between 1991–1992 and 2001–2002 and sought to determine whether changes in depression rates were associated with changes in rates of comorbid substance use disorder. Method: Data were drawn from two large (Ns exceeding 42,000) cross-sectional surveys of representative samples of the U.S. population conducted 10 years apart. Both surveys used face-to-face interviews, the same diagnostic criteria, and consistent assessment instruments. Rates of past-year major depressive episode in the total samples and among subjects with and without co-occurring substance use disorders in major demographic groups were compared. Results: From 1991–1992 to 2001–2002, the prevalence of major depression among U.S. adults increased from 3.33% to 7.06%. Increases were statistically significant for whites, blacks, and Hispanics and for all age groups. For Hispanic men overall and Hispanic women 18–29 years of age, rates increased but not significantly. The hypothesis that increases in the rates of depression could be explained by concomitant increases in co-occurring substance use disorders was supported only for black men 18–29 years of age. Conclusions: Rates of major depression rose markedly over the past decade in the United States, and increases were noted for most sociodemographic subgroups of the population. If the prevalence continues to increase at the rate it did during the past decade, the demand for services will increase dramatically in the coming years.
Fatalities from blood transfusion
Authors: B. A. Myhre
Journal: JAMA (1980)

From April 3, 1976, to Dec 31, 1979, one hundred thirteen fatalities were reported to the Food and Drug Administration as a sequela of the transfusion of blood or blood products. Thirty-three fatalities were due to posttransfusion hepatitis, and three involved plasmapheresis or leukopheresis donors. The remaining 77 cases were of three categories: 47 cases (61%) were due to "clerical errors" such as drawing the wrong blood specimen or giving the wrong unit of blood to the patient; eight cases consisted of genuine errors that occurred in the laboratory; and 22 cases were due to miscellaneous problems, most of which were unpreventable. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1333-1335, 1980)
Correction
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: Signs of illness preceding sudden unexpected deaths in infants
Authors: L Donovan, J Peters
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Results of radioallergosorbent test to detect allergen specific IgE antibodies in serum and of other tests for allergies in three offour patients who developed anaphvlaxis after eating peanuts (tests zvere not done in case 2)Test and allergen Case I Case 3 Case 4Radioallergosorbent test (mean (SE) % uptake of IgE antibody labelled with iodine-125): Control (human serum albumin) 0-78 (0-07) 0-66 (0-17)
Keratoplasty
Authors: T. H. S. Tizzard
Journal: BMJ (1938)

<b>OBJECTIVE:</b> Assess brain functional and structural connectivity biomarkers specific for sports-related concussion. <b>BACKGROUND:</b> Current diagnosis and monitoring of concussion rely on signs and symptoms, balance, vestibular, and neuropsychological examination. Conventional brain imaging often does not reveal abnormality. Recent work by Johnson et al. demonstrated the alteration of default-mode network (DMN) with resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) in the sub-acute phase after concussion. <b>DESIGN/METHODS:</b> Eight intercollegiate concussed athletes (20±1.3 years old, one repeated case) and 11 control subjects participated in this study. ImPACT (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing) procedure was administered over the course of recovery. High-resolution 3D T1-weighted, T2*-weighted, diffusion-tensor and rs-fMRI images, all with full-brain coverage, were collected from each subject on 1st, 7±1 and 30±1 days after concussion. The rs-fMRI included two 7-min (eyes closed) echo planar image datasets. The correlations with the key hub regions of DMN, isthmi of cingulate cortex (ICCs), were analyzed on all voxels. <b>RESULTS:</b> ImPACT showed significant decline of cognitive scores across multiple categories and a significant increase of symptom score on Day 1 following a concussion, with a full recovery after 5±2.4 days. While the structural connectivity within DMN and gross anatomy appeared unchanged, a significantly reduced functional connectivity to ICCs within DMN from Day 1 to 7 was seen in the concussed group (P&lt;0.028) , notably around anterior cingulate, medial frontal, superior frontal, middle temporal/angular and hippocampus/parahippocampal gyri. This reduction was seen in eight of our nine concussion cases. There was also a trend of improved DMN functional connectivity from Day 7 to 30. This dynamic brain alteration over one month was not seen in the normal control group. <b>CONCLUSIONS:</b> The functional connectivity of DMN measured with sequential rs-fMRI can potentially serve as a biomarker to monitor the dynamically changing brain function after sports-related concussion. <b>Study Supported by:</b> <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Zhu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Covassin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nogle has nothing to disclose. Dr. Doyle has nothing to disclose. Dr. Russell has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pearson has nothing to disclose. Dr. Monroe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Liszewski has nothing to disclose. Dr. DeMarco has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kaufman has nothing to disclose.
Shock III
Authors: D. Siebenlist, W. Gattenlöhner, W. Lingnau, Ch Hörmann, Ch. Putensen, N. Mutz, L. Jacquet, J. C. Jouret, P. Henin, M. Goenen, H. Tohmo, M. Karanko, K. Korpilahti, M. Scheinin, O. Viinamäki, P. Neuvonen, A. Sabatè, R. Sopena, R. Ramòn, E. Barcelò, C. Roqueta, A. Abad, L. Garcia, X. Garcia, P. Plaisance, E. Vicaut, S. Beloucif, D. Payen, L. Pasini, G. Ortalli, C. Sorbara, D. Lagonidis, S. Magder, J. J. Guardiola, X. Sarmiento, S. Alonso, J. Nigond, C. Arich, J. P. Bertinchant, C. Bengler, J. M. Stordeur, I. M. Chandler, K. L. Stein, T. A. Gasior, R. L. Kormos, M. R. Pinsky, M. Fortuna, M. Horvat, K. Szabò, P. Burtin, M. Clavey, P. M. Mertès, B. Levy, N. Bischoff, P. Mathieu, J. P. Villemot, J. P. Haberer, A. El-Banayosy, H. Posival, K. Minami, M. M. Korner, D. Hartmann, R. Korfer, A. El-Banayosy, H. Kortke, G. G. Corbucci, B. Pohar, J. Osredkar, S. Kladnik, G. Bellinzona, S. Noli, A. Giordano, S. Zlzzi, M. Maestri, M. Spada, M. Raimondi, F. Albertario, R. V. Dionigi, V. D’Orio, C. Martinez, G. Saad, P. Mendes, R. Marcelle, K. H. Staupach, M. R. Losser, F. Lenfant, B. Teisseire, P. E. Bollaert, P. F. Laterre, G. Audibert, M. Evenepoel, Ph. Lelarge, A. Larcan, Ph. Bauer, L. Nace, M. C. Laprevote-Heully, A. Larcan, M. N. Smithies, Tai Hwei Yee, L. Jackson, R. Beale, D. J. Bihari, C. Cisneros Alonso, J. Gutierrez Rodriguez, F. SAnchez Ramirez, J. Prados Varela, P. Arribas Lòpez, A. Martinez de la Gàndara, R. Boiteau, A. Tenaillon, T. Lherm, F. Chamieh, D. Perrin-Gachadoat, M. Burdin, A. M. Masquelier, M. H. Capron, A. Dougnac, M. Andresen, O. Deckers, H. Evenepoel, D. Henin, M. S. Reynaert, C. Müller, S. Probst, V. Lischke, V. Nicovani, G. Hemàndez, L. Bavestrello, L. Castillo, H. Zhang, H. Sparen, M. Benlabed, N. Nuuyen, J. L. Vincent, O. Kunitz, T. Hillermann, P. Glöckner, F. G. Müller, G. Kalff
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Disease-specific survival following routine prostate cancer screening by digital rectal examination
Authors: G. S. Gerber
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess prostate cancer mortality in men undergoing routine screening by routine digital rectal examination. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort study with a median follow-up period of 75 months. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Population consisted of volunteers at a university clinic and men in an institutional health maintenance clinic. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Fifty-six men with a mean age of 65 years (range, 52 to 79 years) diagnosed with prostate cancer. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Patients treated initially by observation, external or interstitial radiotherapy, radical prostatectomy, hormone therapy, or combination. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Kaplan-Meier analysis of time to local progression, distant metastases, death from all causes, and death from prostate cancer. Mantel-Haenszel log-rank statistic was used to compare outcome in men diagnosed on initial examination with those diagnosed on subsequent examinations. <h3>Results.</h3> —Clinically localized prostate cancer was diagnosed in 73% during an initial examination and in 33% (6/18) during subsequent examinations. Five- and 10-year disease-specific survival was 97% and 86%, respectively, for men diagnosed during the first rectal examination compared with only 81% and 57%, respectively, for men diagnosed on subsequent rectal examinations (<i>P</i>=.02). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Routine screening for prostate cancer by annual digital rectal examination alone may be insufficiently frequent and/or sensitive to prevent significant mortality from this disease. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:61-64)
THSNA 2018 Summit Abstract Proceedings
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2018)

Background: von Willebrand Disease (VWD) affects males and females equally, though it is often perceived as predominantly affecting females with the onset of puberty.Evaluation of bleeding characteristics among children with VWD frequently combine all children up to ages 18, with little information on the differences between boys and girls by type of VWD during the pre-adolescent years.Significant bleeding differences by gender during these years may have important clinical implications.Objective: To assess the differences in bleeding characteristics among pre-adolescent boys and girls by type of VWD.Methods: Demographic and bleeding characteristics on children with VWD, ages 2-12 years old, from registration and subsequent study visit forms from the Universal Data Collection (UDC) system from 1998-2011 were examined.Data were assessed by gender and by type of VWD using chi-square analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests, as appropriate.P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Data were collected on 2,712 children with VWD (type 1=2,072; type 2=339; type 3=119; unknown/other=182).The majority of children were non-Hispanic white (65%), 8.4 % non-Hispanic black and 16.9% were Hispanic.Forty percent of the children had no family history of a bleeding disorder.The median age of first bleed was lower among children with type 3 VWD compared to other VWD types and was lower among boys than girls with type 1 VWD (36 months vs 48 months, respectively, P<0.001) and type 3 VWD (9 months vs 12 months, P=0.04).The average number of bleeds reported during the previous six months was highest among children with type 3 VWD.A higher proportion of boys than girls reported ever having a bleeding episode among children with type 1 VWD (77.5% vs. 72.8%;P=0.01) and type 2 VWD (89.6% vs. 75.3%;P=0.01), but not among children with type 3 VWD (97.1% vs. 96.1%;P=0.77).A higher prevalence of treatment product use was reported among children with type 3 VWD compared to those with the other VWD types.A significantly higher prevalence of the use of treatment product was seen among boys than girls with type 1 VWD (72.6% vs. 68.4%,P=0.03) and type 2 VWD (86.7% vs. 71.9%,P=0.01), but not type 3 VWD (94.1% vs. 96.1%,P=0.87).The most common sites of the first bleed among all patients regardless of gender or VWD type were epistaxis and oral cavity bleeding.Conclusions: Among children aged 2-12 years with type 1 VWD and type 2 VWD, boys showed a higher prevalence of ever bleeding and receiving treatment product (including factor concentrates) compared to girls.Understanding phenotypic bleeding characteristics among pre-adolescent children with VWD will aid physicians to educate families about bleeding symptoms and intervene to treat bleeding episodes appropriately.
Teratogenic effect of meclizine, cyclizine, and chlorcyclizine
Authors: J. F. Sadusk
Journal: JAMA (1965)

On April 22, 1965, the second meeting of an Ad Hoc Advisory Committee on the Teratogenic Effect of Certain Drugs was held under the auspices of the Food and Drug Administration in order to review available data related to the teratogenic effect of meclizine, cyclizine, and chlorcyclizine and to make recommendations regarding the dispensing status and labeling directions of drug articles containing the subject compounds. On July 27, 1965, the recommendations resulting from that meeting were transmitted to the medical director of the FDA by the chairman of the committee. (A list of the members appears at the end of this paper.) The present communication offers a summary of the scientific and clinical background considerations upon which the recommendations of the committee were based, and final decisions of the FDA in the matter. <h3>Background Considerations</h3> In the latter part of 1962, attention was drawn to the possibility of human fetal
JAMA Instructions for Authors
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Request for Assistance in Preventing Lead Poisoning in Construction Workers
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Promising new antiherpes agent being tested in humans
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in the upper Midwest United States. A new species emerging?
Authors: J. S. Bakken
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To characterize the clinical presentation and course, laboratory findings, and treatment outcome of 12 patients with human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The 12 patients were male, ranged in age from 29 to 91 years, and contracted their illness in Wisconsin or Minnesota. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Cases were recognized by the presence of intracytoplasmic inclusions (morulae) in peripheral neutrophils of patients presenting with temperature of 38.5°C or higher, chills, severe headache, and myalgias. All patients had a complete blood cell count and blood chemistry profile. Blood smears were examined by light microscopy. All available paired serum samples were analyzed for presence of indirect fluorescent antibodies against<i>Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia phagocytophila</i>, and<i>Ehrlichia equi</i>. Blood samples from 12 patients were subjected to polymerase chain reaction analysis using primers specific for the<i>E phagocytophila/E equi</i>group, primers that include the agent identified in our patients, as well as<i>E chaffeensis</i>. <h3>Results.</h3> —Varying combinations of leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia were found in all but one patient. All 12 patients demonstrated morulae in the cytoplasm of neutrophils, but not in mononuclear white blood cells. Serum assays failed to detect antibodies against<i>E chaffeensis</i>, but eight of 10 patients and seven of 10 patients tested had antibody titers of 1:80 or more for<i>E phagocytophila</i>and<i>E equi</i>, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction products obtained with primers for<i>E phagocytophila, E equi</i>, and the granulocytotropic<i>Ehrlichia</i>revealed that seven patients were infected with the same agent. The results of serological assays or polymerase chain reaction strongly suggest that all 12 patients were infected by<i>E phagocytophila, E equi</i>, or a closely related<i>Ehrlichia</i>species. Two of the 12 patients died. The other 10 patients improved rapidly with oral doxycycline treatment. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —We believe that all 12 patients have been infected with a granulocytic<i>Ehrlichia</i>species, reflecting a recently described new disease entity. The infective organism appears to be closely related to<i>E phagocytophila</i>and<i>E equi</i>. The geographic domain of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis is currently unknown. This novel granulocytic<i>Ehrlichia</i>species is capable of causing fatal infections in humans. Early detection and treatment with tetracycline drugs appear to offer the best chance for complete recovery. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:212-218)
Pathology
Authors: Dennis W. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Currently, two important developments challenge the physician's skills, but in opposite ways: recombinant DNA technology and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The former is similar to previous waves of scientific discovery within this century. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, on the other hand, is something few contemporary scientists have experienced—an infectious epidemic. Recombinant DNA technology is medicine's current scientific revolution. It will change medicine to the same magnitude that semiconductors are changing electronics. When looking through a microscope at a cell, physicians must now imagine the DNA wound like a thread on tens of thousands of bobbins. These bobbins are clustered like seeds in a large pod constituting the chromosome. How does the thread break on chromosome 9 and then cross over to a precise site on chromosome 22 so that the abelson oncogene is inserted into the<i>bcr</i>region to create the specific DNA lesion of chronic myelogenous leukemia?<sup>1</sup>Does the