tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of erlotinib with concurrent whole-brain radiation therapy for patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: J. Welsh, A. Amini, E. S. Kim, P. Allen, J. Y. Chang, L. L. Garland, J. Holt, D. Erdman, R. Komaki, B. Stea
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

2031 Background: Brain metastasis is a leading cause of death from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Because some patients with NSCLC have mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and because EGFR inhibition plus irradiation has clinical benefit in head and neck cancer, we developed a phase II clinical trial to test whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) with the anti-EGFR agent erlotinib for patients with NSCLC and brain metastases. Methods: This study opened in February 2006 and enrolled 40 patients with brain metastases from NSCLC. Patients were given erlotinib 150 mg PO/day ′ 1 wk, then erlotinib concurrently with WBRT (one half of the patients received 30 Gy in 10 fractions while the other half received 35 Gy in 14 fractions), followed by erlotinib only until disease progression. Dose reduction was allowed but all patients had to remain on erlotinib until completion of radiation to be evaluable. EGFR mutation status was assessed in primary tumor samples from 18 patients by DNA sequencing at MD Anderson’s core facility. Results: All 40 enrolled patients (median age 59 y; 19 male, 21 female; median 20 pack-y smoking) completed erlotinib+WBRT. Six patients had grade 3 dermatologic toxicity requiring dose reduction; 2 patients had grade 3 diarrhea; and 2 patients. At a median follow-up of 21 months, the median survival time (10.9 months) compared favorably to historical outcomes and to the most recent phase III trial of WBRT (RTOG 0118; median survival time 3.9 months). Nine of the 18 patients for whom EGFR mutation status was known (50%) had mutations; most (77%) of the patients with mutations were female (odds ratio 0.036, P=0.012). Survival was related to dermatitis severity (3.7 mo grade 0, 10 months grade 1, and 17 months grade ≥2). Conclusions: Early findings from this study suggest that erlotinib+WBRT may prolong survival among patients with NSCLC and brain metastases. Our unexpected finding of a high rate of EGFR mutations in primary tumors in this group suggests that patients with NSCLC and mutated EGFR may be at higher risk of brain metastases. Longer term follow-up is needed to assess local control, survival, and neurotoxicity.
Single dose cabergoline versus bromocriptine in inhibition of puerperal lactation: randomised, double blind, multicentre study. European Multicentre Study Group for Cabergoline in Lactation Inhibition.
Authors: R Rolland, Nikulas Sigfusson, Helgi Sigvaldason, Laufey Steingrimsdottir, Inga Gudmundsdottir, Ingibjorg Stefansdottir, Thorsteinn Thorsteinsson, Gunnar Sigurdsson, Inga Gudmundsdottir, Ingibiorg Stefansdottir
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To compare the efficacy and safety of a single dose of 1 mg of cabergoline with that of bromocriptine 2.5 mg twice daily for 14 days in the inhibition of puerperal lactation. DESIGN--Prospective, randomised, double blind, parallel group, multicentre study. SETTING--University of hospital departments of obstetrics and gynaecology in different European countries. SUBJECTS--272 puerperal women not wishing to lactate (136 randomised to each drug). INTERVENTIONS--Women randomised to cabergoline received two 0.5 mg tablets of cabergoline and one placebo tablet within 27 hours after delivery and then placebo twice daily for 14 days. Those randomised to bromocriptine received 2.5 mg of bromocriptine and two placebo tablets within 27 hours and then 2.5 mg of bromocriptine twice daily for 14 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Success of treatment (complete or partial) according to milk secretion, breast engorgement, and breast pain; rebound symptomatology; serum prolactin concentrations; and number of adverse events. RESULTS--Complete success was achieved in 106 of 136 women randomised to cabergoline and in 94 of 136 randomised to bromocriptine and partial success in 21 and 33 women respectively. Rebound breast symptomatology occurred respectively in five and 23 women with complete success up to day 15 (p less than 0.0001). Serum prolactin concentrations dropped considerably with both drugs from day 2 to day 15; a prolactin secretion rebound effect was observed in women treated with bromocriptine. cabergoline and 36 receiving bromocriptine (p = 0.054), occurring most during the first treatment day. CONCLUSION--A single 1 mg dose of cabergoline is at least as effective as bromocriptine 2.5 mg twice daily for 14 days in preventing puerperal lactation. Because of the considerably lower rate of rebound breast activity and adverse events and the simpler administration schedule cabergoline should be the drug of choice for lactation inhibition.
The limited spectrum of patients studied in exercise test research. Analyzing the tip of the iceberg
Authors: J. T. Philbrick
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To investigate reasons for the wide variation in formal studies of sensitivity and specificity indexes for the diagnostic efficacy of the graded exercise test for angiographically defined coronary disease, data were collected on 205 consecutive exercise tests at two hospital-based exercise laboratories. For calculations of sensitivity and specificity, stress test data are usually analyzed with many exclusions for ineligibility, with equivocal results omitted, and only in patients undergoing angiography. Consequently, only 3% of patients who received the tests in this survey would have been included in a typical formal study of diagnostic efficacy. In the same way that the visible tip of an iceberg misrepresents its extent and depth, the patients assembled in studies of diagnostic tests may be a highly selected group that misrepresents the intended population. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2467-2470)
Effect of Population Density on the Results of the Study of Water Supplies in Five California Counties
Authors: Paul M. Conforti
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Two previous studies (1969-1971 and 1969-1974) examined the association between cancer incidence and chrysotile asbestos ingested through drinking water in the San Francisco-Oakland Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA). Population density, an important covariable in the association between cancer and environmental agents, was not included in the analyses of these studies. The present work determines the effect of this covariable on the results of the second San Francisco-Oakland SMSA study. The original and reanalyzed results are compared to reassess the association between cancer and asbestos. The only change in the regression procedures of the original studies was the addition of population density as an independent variable in the reanalysis. The results of the reanalysis showed that population density had little effect on the results of the second study. Slightly more significance was found for asbestos regression coefficients in the reanalysis, including population density, than in the original analysis. These regression coefficients for asbestos indicated a positive association between ingested chrysotile asbestos and some cancer body sites. The conclusion of the reanalysis was that population density was distributed across the San Francisco-Oakland SMSA in such a way that it had little effect on the observation of an association between ingested asbestos and cancer.
Correction: Risk for Valvular Heart Disease among Fenfluramine and Dexfenfluramine Users
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Corrections18 January 2000Correction: Risk for Valvular Heart Disease among Fenfluramine and Dexfenfluramine UsersFREESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-2-200001180-00023 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A few errors appeared in the paper on risk for valvular heart disease in fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine users who had echocardiography before receiving the medication (1).1. On page 872, the first column in Table 1 under “Diet medication use” should read 48% instead of “47%” for “Fenfluramine-phentermine”; for “Dexfenfluramine,” it should read 28% instead of “29%.”2. On page 871, under the heading “Valvular Abnormalities” and subheading “Aortic Valve,” the last sentence should read, “Regurgitation was graded as trace (jet area ≤ 2 cm 2 ) …” and not “ … trace (jet area ≤ 1 cm2) … .”3. In the second column of Table 2, 8th row down (page 872), “1” patient was listed as having mild aortic regurgitation that regressed to trace regurgitation. This should read “ 0 ” so that the total number of patients in that row adds up to 5.4. On page 873, in the last paragraph of the result section, for the sentence beginning “Among all patients who took fenfluramine-phentermine … ,” the first risk estimate should be 7.4% (CI, 0.9% to 24.3%) instead of 8.3% (CI, 1.0% to 27.0%). The second risk estimate “after exclusion of those with existing valvular disease …” should be 4.5% (CI, 0.1% to 22.9%) instead of 4.0% (CI, 0.2% to 24.9%).Reference1. Wee CC, Phillips RS, Aurigemma G, Erban S, Kriegal G, Riley M, et al . Risk for valvular heart disease among users of fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine who underwent echocardiography before use of medication. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:870-4. LinkGoogle Scholar Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 January 2000Volume 132, Issue 2Page: 167KeywordsAortic valveCardiovascular therapyDietEchocardiographyValvular diseases ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 18 January 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Impedance Plethysmography and DVT Diagnosis
Authors: Gary E. Raskob
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 August 1993Impedance Plethysmography and DVT DiagnosisGary E. Raskob, MD, Graham F. Pineo, MD, and Russell D. Hull, MDGary E. Raskob, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Graham F. Pineo, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Russell D. Hull, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-3-199308010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Anderson and colleagues' [1] retrospective analysis differs fundamentally from previous prospective analyses [2]. In the methods section, Anderson and colleagues report that deep-vein thrombosis was diagnosed by non-filling of a vein or venous segment despite repeated injections with contrast material. There is international agreement [2] that non-filling is not a criterion for DVT. Previous prospective analyses have shown that non-filling is inadequate for interpretation [2] but that IPG is sensitive to obstructive DVT. Non-filling as described by Anderson and colleagues may have been caused by technical problems [2] rather than an established venous thrombosis.The use of ...References1. Anderson DR, Lensing AW, Wells PS, Levine MN, Weitz JI, Hirsh J. Limitations of impedance plethysmography in the diagnosis of clinically suspected deep-vein thrombosis. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:25-30. Google Scholar2. Hull R, Taylor DW, Hirsh J, Sackett DL, Powers P, Turpie AG, et al. Impedance plethysmography: the relationship between venous filling and sensitivity and specificity for proximal vein thrombosis. Circulation. 1978; 58:898-902. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1993Volume 119, Issue 3Page: 246-247KeywordsThrombosisUltrasound imagingVeins ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF FRACTURES.
Authors: JAMES A. KELLY
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>THE AFTER-TREATMENT OF FRACTURES TREATED BY THE ABOVE METHODS.</h3> After the operation the patient's temperature should be carefully recorded, and on the first indication of sepsis—rise in temperature combined with localized pain of a dull, throbbing character—a window should be cut in the plaster-of-paris dressing at the site of the operation and the wound inspected. If sepsis is present, it may be recognized by the usual signs. The skin sutures should then be removed and adequate drainage instituted. Irrigation with a mild solution of bichlorid of mercury or a normal salt solution, should be performed twice daily. Sepsis should not occur with any more frequency than in operations on other parts of the body. When the subjective signs show that healing by first intention is taking place, the dressing should not be disturbed until the seventh to the tenth day, when a window may be cut in the plaster-of-paris dressing,
<i>Erratum:</i> Vol. 67, No. 42
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2018)

In the report "Translocation of a Stray Cat Infected with Rabies from North Carolina to a Terrestrial Rabies-Free County in Ohio, 2017," on page 1176, the first complete sentence on that page (second sentence of the discussion) should have read "The raccoon RVV is found in 19 states in the eastern United States, but in only several counties in northeast Ohio that border Pennsylvania; Summit County is not considered enzootic for raccoon RVV."
Present and Future Problems of Environment and Civilization
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article Present and Future Problems of Environment and Civilization Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 77, Issue 1, July 1986, Pages 309–310, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/77.1.309-e Published: 01 July 1986
West Nile Virus Infection Among Turkey Breeder Farm Workers—Wisconsin, 2002
Journal: JAMA (2003)

In 2002, Wisconsin public health officials were notified of two cases of febrile illness in workers at a commercial turkey breeder farm (farm A) in county A. The Wisconsin Division of Public Health (WDPH) initiated an investigation that found a high prevalence of West Nile virus (WNV) antibody among farm A workers and turkeys. An associated high incidence of febrile illness among farm A workers also was observed. This report summarizes the results of this investigation, which indicate possible nonmosquito transmission among birds and subsequent infection of humans at farm A. Because the mode of transmission in this outbreak is unknown, turkey handlers should take appropriate precautions, including use of DEET--containing mosquito repellents, protective clothing and gloves, respiratory protection, and proper hand hygiene. Suspected occupationally acquired WNV infections should be reported immediately to local and state health departments.
Journal of Experimental Medicine, New York
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Some Women, Postmenopausal Hormone Use Increases Short-Term Risk for Heart Disease, but Decreases Risk in the Long Term
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients3 July 2001In Some Women, Postmenopausal Hormone Use Increases Short-Term Risk for Heart Disease, but Decreases Risk in the Long TermSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-1-200107030-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Sorting through the potential benefits and harms of postmenopausal hormone use can be confusing. For example, established benefits include less osteoporosis (thinning of the bones) and fewer menopausal symptoms. Harms include small increases in the risk for breast and ovarian cancer. For many years, the use of postmenopausal hormones has been believed to decrease heart disease. However, a recent careful study showed that among women with known heart disease, hormone use for 1 to 3 years did not decrease repeated episodes of heart disease and did increase chances ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Postmenopausal Hormone Use and Secondary Prevention of Coronary Events in the Nurses' Health Study. A Prospective, Observational Study.” It is in the 3 July 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 135, pages 1-8). The authors are F Grodstein, JE Manson, and MJ Stampfer.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPostmenopausal Hormone Use and Secondary Prevention of Coronary Events in the Nurses' Health Study: A Prospective, Observational Study Francine Grodstein , JoAnn E. Manson , and Meir J. Stampfer Metrics 3 July 2001Volume 135, Issue 1Page: I-17KeywordsCardiovascular therapyCoronary heart diseaseEstrogensHormonesLongitudinal studiesOsteoporosisOvarian cancerStable coronary artery diseaseStrokeThrombosis ePublished: 3 July 2001 Issue Published: 3 July 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Christiaan Barnard: his first transplants and their impact on concepts of death
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The death of Christiaan Barnard has revived some personal memories.More importantly, it reminds us that his operations at the end of 1967 initiated the production of a set of legal and philosophical justifications for the removal of a beating heart from a prospective donor.Thirty four years later they remain a topic of controversy.The British cardiac team led by Donald Ross (centre) after their copycat transplantation CORBIS
Gifts to physicians from industry
Authors: Richard J. McMurray, Oscar W. Clarke, John A. Barrasso, Dexanne B. Clohan, Charles H. Epps, John Glasson, Robert McQuillan, Charles W. Plows, Micheal A. Puzak, David Orentlicher, Kristen A. Halkola
Journal: JAMA (1991)

On December 3,1990, after a year of deliberations, the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association issued its opinion on gifts to physicians from industry. The opinion, which follows below, has been incorporated into the American Medical Association's code of ethics for the medical profession. Many gifts that are given to physicians by companies in the pharmaceutical, device, and medical equipment industries serve an important and socially beneficial function. For example, companies have long provided funds for educational seminars and conferences. However, there has been growing concern about certain gifts from industry to physicians. Some gifts that reflect customary practices of industry may not be consistent with the principles of medical ethics. To avoid the acceptance of inappropriate gifts, physicians should observe the following guidelines: Any gifts accepted by physicians individually should primarily entail a benefit to patients and should not be of substantial value. Accordingly,
Vorlesungen über funktionelle Pathologie und Therapie der Nierenkrankheiten.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Traumatic lung cysts
Authors: R. Ellis
Journal: JAMA (1976)

MANY physicians are not aware that an acute lung cyst may occur almost immediately following closed-chest trauma. Failure to arrive at a correct diagnosis will cause confusion and may lead to unnecessary studies and even unwarranted surgery. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 6-year-old boy was brought to the emergency room on Sept 27, 1973, one hour after falling against the edge of a table and striking the right upper chest. Physical examination showed slight swelling and abrasion of the right chest that measured approximately 2 cm in diameter, with surrounding tenderness and some subcutaneous crepitus. There was some pain on the right side that increased with inspiration, but there was no dyspnea nor cough. Examination of the heart and lungs detected no abnormalities. Chest roentgenograms taken less than two hours after the injury showed a traumatic right lung cyst with an air-fluid level and considerable surrounding hemorrhage but no