tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gynecological care of elderly women. Another look at Papanicolaou smear testing
Authors: J. Mandelblatt
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Mortality from cervical cancer is decreasing in countries where aggressive Papanicolaou smear screening programs are in place. However, elderly women are likely to be lifelong nonusers or underusers of Papanicolaou screening, and mortality has not declined for older women. Many studies have noted that nonparticipants in Papanicolaou screening have a 2.7 to four times greater incidence of cervical cancer when they are screened compared with women who have been screened at least once. Gynecological screening was offered to 1542 elderly women in a primary care setting; 75% of the women had not had regular prior screening and 25% had never been screened. Half of these women chose to participate in our screening program. An overall prevalence rate of 13.5 per 1000 abnormal Papanicolaou smears (95% confidence interval, 5.6 to 21.4) was noted in the group. Age, race, prior screening history, and abnormal gynecological symptoms failed to predict the women who would have abnormal Papanicolaou smears. Our results suggest that cervical cancer screening should continue beyond 65 years of age if women have not received regular prior screening. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:367-371)
Codeine and propoxyphene in postepisiotomy pain. A two-dose evaluation
Authors: C. M. Gruber
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In a double-blind control study, oral doses of placebo, propoxyphene napsylate (50 or 100 mg), or codeine sulfate (30 or 60 mg) were administered to 46 postepisiotomy patients, grouped by severity of pain reported at first-dose drug administration. Eight hourly observations by a trained observer provided estimates of analgesia. The analgesia scores for placebo treatments were significantly lower than for the lesser doses of either drug (<i>P</i>&lt;.05) as well as for the greater doses (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). At both dose levels, the analgesia scores for both drugs were almost identical. Analgesia with the higher doses was greater than with the lower, but not to a statistically significant extent. The difference in patient responses increased following the second dose. No serious adverse reactions occurred; the elicited and volunteered reports of minor side effects were similar for all five treatments. (<i>JAMA</i>237:2734-2735, 1977)
Metabolism and Excretion of 2-Ethoxyethanol in the Adult Male Rat
Authors: Kenneth L. Cheever, Harry B. Plotnick, Donald E. Richards, Walter W. Weigel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The routes of 14C excretion following the administration of a single oral 230 mg/kg body weight dose of 2-ethoxyethanol [ethanol-1,2-14C] or 2-ethoxyethanol [ethoxy-1-14C] to male Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. Elimination of the 14C by the urinary route accounted for 76 to 80% of the dose within 96 hr. The main pathway of biotransformation is oxidation to the corresponding acid, with some subsequent conjugation of the acid metabolite with glycine. The major metabolites, ethoxyacetic acid and N-ethoxy-acetyl glycine, representing 73 to 76% of the administered dose, were eliminated in the urine. The major difference in the metabolic profiles of the two radiochemicals was in the rate and amount of 14CO2 expired via the lung. Of the administered 14C, 11.7% of the ethoxy-labeled and 4.6% of the ethanol-labeled compounds were eliminated as CO2. The biological half-time was 9.9 +/- 1.5 hr for the ethoxy-labeled compound and 12.5 +/- 1.9 hr for the ethanol label. After administration of the ethanol-labeled compound, the only radiolabeled component found in the rat testes was identified as ethoxyacetic acid. Results of this study suggest that the reported testicular effects in the rat may be a result of tissue levels of ethoxyacetic acid.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Campylobacter&lt;/emph&gt;, &lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Vibrio&lt;/emph&gt; Infections Increased in 2012
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obesity is Associated with a 2-Fold Elevated Risk of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) Among African-American and Caucasian Women.
Authors: Ola Landgren, Vincent Rajkumar, Ruth Pfeiffer, Robert Kyle, Jerry Katzmann, Angela Dispenzieri, Qiuyin Cai, Lynn Goldin, Neil Caporaso, Joseph Fraumeni, William Blot, Lisa Signorello
Journal: Blood (2009)
LIVER INJURY FROM BILIARY STASIS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Real-time ultrasonography of the neonatal head
Authors: W. S. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1983)

SUBEPENDYMAL and intraventricular hemorrhage are common and serious problems in the premature neonate. The hemorrhage usually occurs in neonates of less than 32 weeks' gestation and weighing less than 1,500 g. The incidence of these complications initially recognized on computed tomographic (CT) scanning ranges from 44% to 70% in those infants requiring assisted ventilation.<sup>1</sup>The source of the intraventricular hemorrhage is the germinal matrix in 90% or more of the cases.<sup>2</sup>This structure lies beneath the ependyma of the lateral ventricles and usually involutes at 34 weeks' gestation.<sup>3</sup>The typical subependymal hemorrhage is present between the caudate nucleus and the frontal horns, anterior to the origin of the foramen of Monro. Other equally important disorders in the neonate include hydrocephalus, meningomyelocele with Arnold-Chiari malformations, other congenital abnormalities, vascular abnormalities, and benign and malignant tumors. With the use of the current-generation high-resolution, real-time scanners, the diagnosis of intracranial
Unrecognized high prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis cervical infection in an isolated Alaskan Eskimo population
Authors: K. E. Toomey
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>genital infections often go unrecognized where specific culture diagnosis is not easily accessible. We studied the prevalence and clinical correlates of<i>C trachomatis</i>in a geographically isolated Alaskan Eskimo population with a high rate of gonorrhea but for whom specific chlamydial diagnosis had never been available. Using a direct immunofluorescent stain of endocervical secretions, we screened 493 women (52% of all women of reproductive age) when they presented to regional health facilities during the year-long study period.<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>was identified in 23% (114/493), including 39% (31/80) of teenagers, 30% (34/115) of prenatal patients, 47% (7/15) of pregnant teens, and 40% (8/19) of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Genital symptoms, clinical signs, and the presence of concomitant gonorrhea were ineffective means of identifying chlamydial infection. This study demonstrates the successful use, and public health importance, of nonculture direct testing to document the unrecognized high prevalence of<i>C trachomatis</i>infection where culture diagnosis is not available. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:53-56)
DNR in the OR. Resuscitation as an operative risk
Authors: R. M. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Should do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders be routinely rescinded when terminally ill patients undergo palliative surgery? If so, patients will be forced to balance the benefits of palliative surgery against the risks of unwanted resuscitation. If physicians are required to honor intraoperative DNR orders, they may feel unacceptably restrained from correcting adverse effects for which they feel responsible. This dilemma has been overlooked by DNR policies. This article argues for the permissibility of honoring intraoperative DNR orders. The patient's right to refuse treatment outweighs physicians' concerns about professional scrutiny over intraoperative deaths. Physicians' moral concerns about hastening patient death are important but may be assuaged by (1) emphasizing patients' acceptance of operative mortality risk; (2) viewing matters as analogous to surgery on Jehovah's Witnesses who refuse lifesaving transfusion; (3) viewing the patient's intraoperative death as a double effect, that is, an unintended negative effect that is linked to the performance of a good act (palliation); and (4) distinguishing this from assisted suicide. (JAMA. 1991;266:2407-2412)
Insulin treatment and diabetic vascular complications
Authors: J. B. Brodsky
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The development of fixed pupils following transtentorial herniation is such an ominous prognostic sign that only rarely have reports appeared that cite recovery from it. In 1970 Brendler and Selverstone<sup>1</sup>described nine cases of recovery from decerebration and fixed pupils secondary to expanding supratentorial mass lesions, approximately 50% of which were postoperative hematomas. This report describes another case in which recovery followed an acute traumatic subdural hematoma. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 49-year-old alcoholic staggered into the emergency room intoxicated. He had a laceration over the right eye. His vital signs were normal, and the patient was oriented. The pupils were equal, round, and reactive; reflexes were symmetrical. The gait was unsteady. Skull x-ray films were normal. The pineal was not adequately visualized to determine shift. The patient was admitted to the special care unit, where five hours after admission, he was observed by the nurse
Systemic lupus erythematosus with cutaneous ulceration. Correlation of immunologic factors with therapy and clinical activity
Authors: A. B. Kirsner
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who had cutaneous ulceration as the initial complaint was followed up through three exacerbations and two remissions in ulcer size. A close correlation was found between serum complement titer, serum antinuclear antibody titer, corticosteroid dose, and ulcer size.
Address.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chest physical therapy management of patients with cystic fibrosis. A meta-analysis.
Authors: J Thomas, D J Cook, D Brooks
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The purpose of this overview is to quantitatively assess the conflicting body of literature concerning the efficacy of physical therapy modalities for clearing bronchial secretions in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The modalities examined included positive expiratory pressure (PEP) mask, forced expiratory technique (FET), exercise (EX), autogenic drainage (AD), and standard physical therapy (STD), consisting of postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. Computerized searches of the MEDLINE and Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health databases were performed for the years from 1966 to 1993. The authors of relevant papers were contacted for unpublished information. Studies were considered relevant if they met the following criteria: randomized trials in patients with a definite diagnosis of CF; an intervention of any combination of PEP, FET, STD, AD, or EX; and an outcome of FEV1, sputum weight, or sputum clearance. A review of 456 citations yielded 65 potentially relevant trials and 8 review articles; of these, 35 met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into the overview. These studies evaluated different combinations of physical therapy modalities; therefore, we performed seven separate meta-analyses comparing the independent techniques using the pooled effect size technique. Standard physical therapy resulted in a significantly greater sputum expectoration than no treatment (effect size of 0.61 SD units, p < 0.0001). The combination of standard therapy with EX with associated with a statistically significant increase in FEV1 over STD alone (effect size of 0.48 SD units, p = 0.04). No other differences between physical therapy modalities were found.
Developmental Toxicology: Status of the Field and Contribution of the National Toxicology Program
Authors: B. A. Schwetz, M. W. Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The NTP has conducted developmental toxicity studies on more than 50 chemicals, often in multiple species. Several chemicals caused developmental toxicity in the absence of any toxicity to the mother. Although hazard to humans is determined by the level of exposure to the chemical and its inherent toxicity, those agents that selectively disturb the development of the conceptus are of particular concern because other manifestations of toxicity would not warn the mother of overexposure. Whether the LOAEL (lowest-observed adverse effect level) for maternal toxicity was high or low did not correlate with the potential of chemicals to cause developmental toxicity. The form of developmental toxicity that determined the LOAEL most frequently was decreased body weight in mice and rats, but not rabbits, where the LOAEL was determined more often by an increase in resorptions. Several in vitro and short-term tests appear promising as screens to predict the outcome of developmental toxicity studies in mammals. However, the only screens that have undergone formal validation studies are those evaluated by the NTP. Improvements in our ability to predict risk to humans have been limited by our knowledge of the mechanisms by which agents cause developmental toxicity. Thus, future growth is dependent on a better understanding of the biological processes that regulate normal development, therein providing the necessary framework for understanding mechanisms of abnormal development.
Allied Health Education
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A portable medical record system for the elderly
Authors: F. T. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A portable medical record system consisting of a bracelet and wallet card, was given to two groups of ambulatory, chronically ill, mentally clear, older patients. Group 1 included 23 patients discharged from a skilled nursing facility and treated in the community; group 2, 24 patients attending the outpatient department of an acute general teaching hospital. Biweekly follow-up telephone calls to patients and subsequent discussions with physicians demonstrated the usefulness of this system in predominantly nonemergency settings. Overall, the physicians noticed the bracelet during 46% of the visits and the wallet card during 28%. Group 2 physicians, however, noticed the bracelet andör wallet card more frequently than did group 1 physicians. Reasons for the difference in recognition among the two groups and the implications for future use of a portable medical record system for the elderly are discussed. (<i>JAMA</i>242:57-59, 1979)
Hyperemesis gravidarum, a literature review
Authors: M.F.G. Verberg, D.J. Gillott, N. Al-Fardan, J.G. Grudzinskas
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2006)

The publishers wish to point out that there is a typographical error in the article 'Hyperemesis gravidarum, a literature review'.The sentence 'Other hypotheses state that HG is a sexual disorder resulting from sexuality aversion and a symptom of the same a pregnant woman may feel towards her mother for her sexual behaviour (Fairweather, 1968).'
Defect of multidrug-resistance 3 gene expression in a subtype of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: J Deleuze
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Disruption of the murine mdr2 (multidrug-resistance) gene, which encodes a phosphatidylcholine flippase, leads to a hepatic disorder because of loss of biliary phospholipid secretion. Among the hereditary human cholestasis, a subtype of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis with high gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) serum activity shares histological, biochemical, and genetic features with mice lacking mdr2 gene expression (mdr2 -/- mice). No mdr3 (human mdr2 homolog) messenger RNA (mRNA) was detected by Northern blotting in the liver of a patient suffering from this form of PFIC, and the biliary phospholipid level in a second patient was substantially decreased. Thus, the absence of the mdr3 P-glycoprotein may be responsible for this type of PFIC, which, as in the murine model, may be due to a toxic effect of bile acids on the biliary epithelium in absence of biliary phospholipids.
Meetings
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal