tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Feasibility, safety, and efficacy of domiciliary thrombolysis by general practitioners: Grampian region early anistreplase trial. GREAT Group.
Authors: J Rawles
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of domiciliary thrombolysis by general practitioners. DESIGN--Randomised double blind parallel group trial of anistreplase 30 units intravenously and placebo given either at home or in hospital. SETTING--29 rural practices in Grampian admitting patients to teaching hospitals in Aberdeen (average distance 36 (range 16-62) miles). PATIENTS--311 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction and no contraindications to thrombolytic therapy seen at home within four hours of onset of symptoms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Time saving, adverse events, Q wave infarction, left ventricular function. RESULTS--Anistreplase was administered at home 101 minutes after onset of symptoms, while anistreplase was given in hospital 240 minutes after onset of symptoms (median times). Adverse events after thrombolysis were infrequent and, apart from cardiac arrest, not a serious problem when they occurred in the community: seven of 13 patients were resuscitated after cardiac arrest out of hospital. By three months after trial entry the relative reduction of deaths from all causes in patients given thrombolytic therapy at home was 49% (13/163 (8.0%) v 23/148 (15.5%); difference -7.6% (95% confidence interval -14.7% to -0.4%), p = 0.04). Full thickness Q wave infarction was less common in patients with confirmed infarction receiving treatment at home (65/122 (53.3%) v 76/112 (67.9%); difference -14.6% (95% confidence interval -27.0% to -2.2%), p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS--General practitioners provided rapid pre-hospital coronary care of a high standard. Compared with later administration in hospital, giving anistreplase at home resulted in reduction in mortality, fewer cardiac arrests, fewer Q wave infarcts, and better left ventricular function. Benefits were most marked where thrombolytic therapy was administered within two hours of the onset of symptoms.
Abstract 17775: Predictive Value of Endothelial Function for the Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation
Authors: Hisanori Kanazawa, Hiroshige Yamabe, Seigo Sugiyama, Satomi Iwashita, Tadashi Hoshiyama, Miwa Ito, Shozo Kaneko, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Endothelial function has been shown to be deteriorated by the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF). Therefore, we hypothesized that serial change in the endothelial function can predict the recurrence of AF after catheter ablation (CA). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive value of endothelial function as a marker for recurrence of AF after CA. Methods: The consecutive 156 AF patients who underwent CA for AF were included in this study. All patients assessed their endothelial function by the reactive hyperemia-peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) and the RH-PAT index (RHI) was measured before CA, and 3 and 6 months after CA. To investigate the factors correlated with AF recurrence, clinical variables and RHI before CA, 3 and 6 months after CA were examined in patients with and without recurrence of AF. The recurrence of AF was defined as the occurrence of AF at the time of 6 months after CA. Results: AF recurrence was not observed in 125 patients (80%), but was observed in the remaining 31 patients (20%). Disease duration of AF (p=0.028), RHI before CA (p&lt;0.001), RHI 3 month after CA (p=0.037), the difference in RHI before and 3 month after CA (p&lt;0.001) were significantly correlated with AF recurrence. The multivariate Cox hazard analysis revealed that the difference in RHI before and 3 month after CA independently correlated with the recurrence of AF (p&lt;0.001, Hazard ratio: 0.168). Furthermore, the value of RHI 3 month after CA, which decreased 0.015 or more compared with that before CA, was the independent predictor of AF recurrence (sensitivity: 0.613, specificity: 0.880, area under curve 0.722). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher probability of AF recurrence when the RHI value 3 months after CA showed a decrease over 0.015 (log-rank test: p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: The change in the endothelial function following CA sensitively reflects the recurrence of AF. The decrease in the RHI 3 months after CA compared to that before CA, with a cu-off value of 0.015, was an independent significant predictor of AF recurrence. Therefore, no recurrence of AF can be expected by the absence of decrease in RHI. We might be able to stop anti-arrhythmic drugs and anticoagulants according to the RHI improvement 3 month after CA.
Antihypertensive Medications and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Eric N. Taylor, Frank B. Hu, Gary C. Curhan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the use of different classes of antihypertensive medications and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We conducted a prospective study of three cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) I and II and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Antihypertensive medication use was ascertained by biennial questionnaires. After excluding participants who reported a history of diabetes at baseline, 41,193 older women (NHS I), 14,151 younger women (NHS II), and 19,472 men (HPFS), all with hypertension, were followed for 8, 10, and 16 years, respectively. RESULTS—We documented 3,589 incident cases of diabetes. After adjustment for age, BMI, physical activity, the use of other antihypertensive medications, and other risk factors, the multivariate relative risk (RR) of incident diabetes in participants taking a thiazide diuretic compared with those not taking a thiazide was 1.20 (95% CI 1.08–1.33) in older women, 1.45 (1.17–1.79) in younger women, and 1.36 (1.17–1.58) in men. The multivariate RR in participants taking a β-blocker compared with those not taking a β-blocker was 1.32 (1.20–1.46) in older women and 1.20 (1.05–1.38) in men. ACE inhibitors and calcium channel blockers were not associated with risk. CONCLUSIONS—Thiazide diuretic and β-blocker use were independently associated with a higher risk of incident diabetes. Increased surveillance for diabetes in patients treated with these medications may be warranted.
Toxicity, Uptake, and Mutagenicity of Particulate and Soluble Nickel Compounds
Authors: Glenn G. Fletcher, Franco E. Rossetto, John D. Turnbull, Evert Nieboer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Toxicity testing in AS52 cells (24-hr exposures) gave LC50 values of 2 to 130 pg Ni/ml for particulate nickel compounds and 45 to 60 pg Ni/ml for water-soluble salts (NiCI2, NiSO4, Ni(CH3COO)2).The Ni(OH)2, NiCO3, and sulfides (Ni3S2, Ni7S6, "amorphous NiS") exhibited similar toxicities (LC50's of 2 to 8 pg Ni/ml), while three nickel oxides were more variable and less toxic (LC50's of 18 to 130 pg Ni/ml).Most compounds displayed nuclear to cytoplasmic nickel ratios of -1:1.5 to 1:5 (except -1:20 for nickel salts).At the LC50's, a 75-fold range in exposure levels occurred com- pared to a 1 0-fold range in cytoplasmic and nuclear nickel concentrations, [Nil.Cellular nickel distribution indicated three groupings: inert compounds (green NiO, lithium nickel oxide, relatively low nuclear and cytosolic [Nil); water-soluble salts (very low nuclear [Nil; high cytosolic [Nil), and slightly soluble compounds (relatively high cytosolic and nuclear [Nil).Nickel compounds are considered to be only weak or equivocal mutagens.In this study, a low but significant increase in mutation rate at the gpt locus was shown.Although the results would not be sufficient to deem nickel compounds mutagenic by traditional criteria, characterization by PCR analysis indicated that the spontaneous and nickel-induced mutants exhibited different and compound-specific mutational spectra (thus confirming nickel compound involvement).The results reported illustrate some of the methodologic problems involved in testing "weak" mutagens and indicate that alternative approaches may be necessary in classifying the mutagenicity of nickel and other compounds.-
Effects of Pretransplantation Treatment With Rituximab on Outcomes of Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Saad Akhtar, Irfan Maghfoor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

The letter by Verma et al serves as another reminder that patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to taxanes and anthracyclines can benefit by additional chemotherapy.I disagree with the conclusion that our study is lacking in practical application merely because capecitabine was not incorporated into the study.At the time our study was designed, vinorelbine was established in North America as a standard salvage agent.The choice of mitomycin C and vinblastine outside of the United States was based on accepted practice patterns in those participating centers.Their observation that the sequence of capecitabine and vinorelbine leads to important survival differences in a retrospective study has little to do with our reported trial.Their retrospective observation is interesting, but small patient numbers and large biases that occur in the clinical setting of advanced refractory breast cancer has limited practical application, to borrow a phrase.
Underage Drinking
Authors: John P. Callan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Fewer teenagers are now drinking and they are drinking less. Yet that was not apparent from a recent report in<i>JAMA</i>.<sup>1</sup>The report stated, rightly, that illegal underage drinking is a health issue that deserves to be addressed by physicians. It quoted alcohol usage figures from a University of Michigan annual survey to underscore its point.<sup>2</sup>However, while alcohol usage remains widespread, the report failed to note that the University of Michigan survey actually shows that underage drinking is less of a problem now than before. This is not just a statistical blip; there has been a continuous declining trend for the past decade. According to the Michigan survey, the percentage of adolescents who have ever taken a single drink dropped 1.5% from 89.5% in 1990 to 88.0% in 1991. The corresponding 1980 figure was 93.2%. The percentage who have used alcohol in the past
JAPANESE NEUROPSYCHIATRY
Authors: HENRY A. COTTON, FRANKLIN G. EBAUGH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1946)

Evidence has been presented that the Japanese, despite marked differences in background and culture, are psychobiologically similar to the people of the western nations. They react, with minor differences, to environmental situations and psychogenic stimuli very much as we do. The sociological and political importance of this observation is obvious in the formulation of plans for the future of Japan.
Improvements in the ELF test are associated with widespread changes in the hepatic transcriptome in patients with advanced fibrosis due to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Zobair M. Younossi, Quentin Anstee, Stephen Harrison, Michael Trauner, Eric Lawitz, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Takeshi Okanoue, Manuel Romero Gomez, William Alazawi, Yevgeniy Gindin, Jing Zhu Zhou, Marianne Camargo, Kathryn Kersey, Chuhan Chung, Mani Subramanian, Robert Myers, Zachary Goodman, Rohit Loomba, William Rosenberg, Arun Sanyal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Evaluating the competence of health professionals
Authors: C. J. Martini
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Since Sept 21, 1901,<i>JAMA</i>has published annually a special medical education issue that updates the most important events and information available on undergraduate, graduate, continuing, and allied health education. In 1988, a single theme that touches all these areas is emerging as the most controversial and important in the education of health professionals: evaluating competence. Related to this theme is the need to redefine what<i>professional competence</i>means and the need to look at existing mechanisms for evaluating competence. The emphasis on competence arises from a growing demand for public accountability in all health professions, from the continuous increase in the cost of medical care, from the tremendous explosion in technology and new knowledge, and particularly from a growing concern about the importance of ethical behavior of health professionals. Medicine has made spectacular contributions to our ability to survive and to our quality of life. Never before has medicine
Granulomatous Prostatitis
Authors: Leroy W. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ISOLATION of atypical mycobacteria from the genitourinary tract has rarely been reported,<sup>1,2</sup>and we are unaware of any reports of isolation of such organisms from the prostate. The case reported here is one of granulomatous prostatitis from which both<i>Mycobacterium kansasii</i>and<i>M fortuitum</i>were isolated by culture. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 31-year-old man was first examined in 1966 for burning and frequency of urination associated with deep perineal and back pain. The diagnosis of nonspecific prostatitis was made, and the patient was intermittently treated with urinary antiseptics and prostatic massage for several years. During this time, he refused cystoscopic and roentgenographic studies. In September 1975, during one of his routine visits, an area of slightly increased induration was palpated in the right lobe of the prostate, and by February 1976, this nodule had increased in size. The nodule was discrete, was 4 to 5 mm in diameter,
USE OF ANTISTREPTOCOCCUS WHOLE HUMAN BLOOD IN MALIGNANT ENDOCARDITIS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Deaths Associated with Hurricane Hugo—Puerto Rico
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy
Authors: R. W. Schrier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

During the preparation of this manuscript for publication, an error was introduced into the Results section, in the fourth sentence of the paragraph beginning with "The levels of the APP-derived soluble peptides Aβ40 and Aβ42 in brains of double-transgenic mice and APP [V717I] control animals at the age of 18 weeks were quantified by specific sandwich ELISAs."The correct sentence appears below.We regret this error.In line ADAM10-mo × APP [V717I] , Αβ40 and Aβ42 were reduced by 49% and 20%, and in line ADAM10-hi × APP [V717I] , by 39% and 29%, respectively.
THE BEDSIDE DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOALBUMINEMIA
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THERAPEUTIC VALUE OF HYPNOTISM.
Authors: JNO. R. ROSE
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Hypnotism to-day holds a position in medicine similar to that of electricity before the day of Tripier and Apostoli, before the days of the meter and rheostat, for while the force and its therapeutic applicability are known and can be proven, yet all means of exact dosage are wanting and therapeutic success or failure seems to be in the majority of cases the result of personal experience and individual adaptability, which state of things would go far to explain the different results obtained by different men. The knowledge of hypnotism seems to date back to the very cradle of mankind, for Egyptian and Greek priests practiced it under the name of "temple sleep," while in the sacred books of Persia and India we frequently find it referred to in the form of autohypnosis, as the following extract from the Persian "Oupneksat" will prove, where it says: "To arrive at
Unintentioned Impact
Authors: S. Szanto
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Multiple stimuli present in the visual field at the same time compete for neural representation by mutually suppressing their evoked activity throughout visual cortex, providing a neural correlate for the limited processing capacity of the visual system. Competitive interactions among stimuli can be counteracted by top-down, goal-directed mechanisms such as attention, and by bottom-up, stimulus-driven mechanisms. Because these two processes cooperate in everyday life to bias processing toward behaviorally relevant or particularly salient stimuli, it has proven difficult to study interactions between top-down and bottom-up mechanisms. Here, we used an experimental paradigm in which we first isolated the effects of a bottom-up influence on neural competition by parametrically varying the degree of perceptual grouping in displays that were not attended. Second, we probed the effects of directed attention on the competitive interactions induced with the parametric design. We found that the amount of attentional modulation varied linearly with the degree of competition left unresolved by bottom-up processes, such that attentional modulation was greatest when neural competition was little influenced by bottom-up mechanisms and smallest when competition was strongly influenced by bottom-up mechanisms. These findings suggest that the strength of attentional modulation in the visual system is constrained by the degree to which competitive interactions have been resolved by bottom-up processes related to the segmentation of scenes into candidate objects.
A Short Practice of Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The National Nutrition
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal