tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE SPHINCTER OF THE COMMON BILE DUCT
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>ERJ</i> July Podcast: tuberculosis prevention and control in refugees
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Oxygen desaturation during a 6-min walk identifies a COPD phenotype with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality Paul L. Enright 3 Maternal passive smoking and the risk of developing wheeze in children: how should we deal with it?Elida Zairina 6 Supported self-management for COPD: making progress, but there are still challenges
Xenotransplantation
Authors: C L Kaufman, B A Gaines, S T Ildstad
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1995)

Transplantation of organs across a species barrier has long been a dream of the transplantation community. Renewed interest in xenotransplantation has emerged due to the short supply of organs available for clinical transplantation. However, transplantation of solid organs across a species barrier has not matched the success of allogeneic combinations, even for closely related species. The rejection response to xenografts is vigorous and not adequately controlled by conventional immunosuppressive agents that control alloreactivity. This may suggest a different mechanism for xenoreactivity, or stronger histocompatibility antigen disparities. This article reviews the current clinical experience with xenografts, mechanisms of xenoreactivity, the induction of tolerance across species disparities, and recent models in which human tissue has been transplanted into other species as an in vivo model of the human immune system.
The Report on Fractures
Authors: P. B. Roth
Journal: BMJ (1935)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Nonmotor symptoms are common in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), but there is limited knowledge regarding fatigue in MSA. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and evolution of fatigue and the factors related to fatigue and its progression in patients with MSA at an early stage. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with probable MSA were comprehensively evaluated at both baseline and the 1-year follow-up, including their motor and nonmotor symptoms. Fatigue and anxiety were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), respectively. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) was defined as a decrease in the systolic or diastolic blood pressure by at least 30 and 15 mm Hg, respectively. The binary logistic regression model and linear regression model were used to analyze the factors related to fatigue and its progression, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> This study enrolled 146 patients with MSA. The frequency of fatigue was 60.3%, 55.1%, and 64.9% in MSA, MSA with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P), and MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C), respectively. The frequency of fatigue and the FSS score in patients with MSA increased from baseline to the 1-year follow-up (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Young age (odds ratio [OR] 0.939, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.894–0.987), OH (OR 2.806, 95% CI 1.253–6.286), and high HARS score (OR 1.014, 95% CI 1.035–1.177) were associated with fatigue in MSA. OH was associated with fatigue in MSA-P (OR 3.391, 95% CI 1.066–10.788), while high HARS score was associated with fatigue in MSA-C (OR 1.159, 95% CI 1.043–1.287). In addition, only low FSS scores at baseline were associated with the annual progression rate of FSS scores in MSA, MSA-P, and MSA-C (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Neurofilament light chain, α-synuclein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 were not significantly associated with fatigue and its progression in MSA. <h3>Discussion</h3> Fatigue was prevalent in early-stage MSA, and it increased and remained persistent over time. This study demonstrated that OH and anxiety were associated with fatigue in patients with MSA.
Abstract 676: Dinitroazetidines are a novel class of anticancer agents and hypoxia-activated radiation sensitizers developed from highly energetic materials
Authors: Shoucheng Ning, Mark Bednarski, Bryan Oronsky, Jan Scicinski, Gordon Saul, Susan J. Knox
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Here we report the first biologic studies of a unique class of potentially clinically useful compounds, derived from highly energetic materials. In an effort to develop unique targeted cancer therapies which maximize cytotoxicity to cancer cells while minimizing unwanted side effects to normal tissue, we have studied a series of novel, non-explosive compounds, based on the highly energetic dinitroazetidine scaffold. ABDNAZ, 1-acetylbromo-3,3-dinitroazetidine is a lead compound for clinical development both as a stand-alone chemotherapeutic drug and as a radiation sensitizer. In vitro studies demonstrated that ABDNAZ generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Modulation of intracellular redox status by buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoxime or N-acetylcysteine significantly affected ABDNAZ-induced apoptosis of tumor cells. ABDNAZ administered as a single agent was as cytotoxic to tumor cells as cisplatin with IC50s of 2.6 ± 1.6uM and 4.4 ± 2.2uM for ABDNAZ and cisplatin, respectively. ABDNAZ was more cytotoxic to tumor cells than cisplatin or tirapazamine under hypoxic conditions. ABDNAZ and cisplatin had similar effects on well established SCC VII tumors in mice, but unlike cisplatin, ABDNAZ at well-tolerated sub-maximum tolerated doses (MTD) significantly inhibited tumor growth without systemic toxicity. When combined with local tumor radiation therapy, ABDNAZ significantly enhanced the efficacy of the radiation and improved the therapeutic index of radiation therapy. Toxicity studies demonstrated that ABDNAZ was not myelosuppressive and had no apparent dose limiting toxicity when administered at sub-MTD dose daily for 14 days. These data demonstrate that ABDNAZ is a promising novel anticancer drug with a very favorable toxicity profile at therapeutic doses with activity in preclinical tumor models as both a stand-alone chemotherapeutic agent and as a radiosensitizer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 676. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-676
SELECTIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Routine Proctosigmoidoscopy
Authors: Jerome J. DeCosse
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The remarkable public and physician acceptance of routine cervical cytology contrasts with a curious lack of interest in routine proctosigmoidoscopy. Both diagnostic procedures require about the same time, both demand positioning, both need special equipment, and both are embarrassing and uncomfortable to the patient. The American Cancer Society estimated that 44,000 patients died from cancer of the colon and rectum during 1967 as compared to 10,000 deaths from cancer of the cervix. A 65% to 75% incidence of colorectal cancer within reach of the sigmoidoscope is a well-accepted figure; during the foreseeable future routine proctosigmoidoscopy will remain our only means of finding early curable cancer. Too frequently our responsibility to the patient has been neglected for routine proctosigmoidoscopy on all general physical examinations in the age group at risk for cancer. Several advances in preparation and instrumentation promise a sufficient improvement in methodology so that sigmoidoscopy can
"DENSITOMETRY FOR ASSESSMENT OF EFFECT OF LUNG VOLUME REDUCTION SURGERY FOR EMPHYSEMA". J. STOLK, M.I.M. VERSTEEGH, L.J. MONTENIJ, M.E. BAKKER, E. GREBSKI, M. TUTIC, S. WILDERMUTH, W. WEDER, M. EL BARDIJI, J.H.C. REIBER, K.F. RABE, E.W. RUSSI AND B.C. STOEL. EUR RESPIR J 2007; 29: 1138 1143.
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)
Human tissue burdens of halogenated aromatic chemicals in Michigan
Authors: M. S. Wolff
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A cross section of the population of Michigan was studied in 1978 to evaluate residual burdens of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), a flame-retardant chemical that had contaminated the state's food supply five years earlier. Levels of PBB were measured in serum specimens in 1,681 people and in adipose samples in 844. Ninety-seven percent of the adipose samples had detectable PBB concentrations. Levels of PBB were highest in that part of the state where meat and dairy products had been most contaminated and were lowest in the upper peninsula, farthest from the source. Levels for the rest of the state were in between. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and 2,2′-<i>bis</i>-(<i>p</i>-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (<i>p,p′</i>-DDE), a dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) residue, were also measured, and variations of PBB, PCB, and<i>p,p′</i>-DDE levels with age and sex were investigated. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2112-2116)
Tropical Pathology
Authors: Kevin M. Cahill
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A review of this book must begin by noting its outrageous price, $88.60, for a standard-sized volume with no color plates or other expensive features to explain the almost obscene cost. This fact will—and should—restrict the sale of<i>Tropical Pathology</i>. This is regrettable since nine authoritative workers in tropical medicine have contributed 25 readable chapters dealing with tropical diseases. The text necessarily duplicates much to be found in other publications, many of recent date. The title orients us to pathology, but we find much that is not normally found in that specialty, and I wonder at the purpose of the book. Is it intended as a general tropical disease text, or is it intended for the physician interested in pathology who treats patients from the tropics? There seem to be elements of both approaches in this book. The writing is generally concise and clear with an overall high quality throughout.
Electromechanical Associations
Authors: Joseph G. Rogers, Michael E. Cain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The left ventricle strives valiantly with each cardiac cycle to maximize contractility and provide protection against lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Heart failure can make this coordination difficult. Heart-rhythm and heart-failure specialists are increasingly working together to restore nature's performance and lifesaving features to the failing left ventricle. Our jobs are becoming progressively more entwined as we evaluate treatments involving pacemakers and implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs) in an effort to improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of complications and death among patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Several factors contribute to this new collaboration. First, heart-rhythm specialists acknowledge the dramatic . . .
THE CREMATION OF THE INSANE.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sulindac-induced Stevens-Johnson toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome
Authors: L. Levitt
Journal: JAMA (1980)

DURING the past few years, a number of nonsteroidal, nonsalicylate, anti-inflammatory drugs have been introduced; the newest of these is sulindac.<sup>1</sup>With any newly introduced medication, uncommon but potentially serious side effects may not become evident until the drug has been used by a large number of persons. We observed a patient who had a blistering, erosive, potentially lethal cutaneous reaction that was probably induced by sulindac. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 39-year-old nurse in a petrochemical plant who was in excellent health suffered a painful traumatic injury to her right shoulder after slipping on ice. She was treated with sulindac, 400 mg/day. On the 15th day of sulindac therapy, she noted a pruritic, macular, erythematous eruption on her chest. During the following 24 hours, the eruption became generalized over the skin and spread to the oral mucosa and vulva. Coincident with the eruption, shaking chills and pyrexia to
Regional diagnostic virology services. Are satellite laboratories necessary?
Authors: C. G. Ray
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The rates of detection of virus infections among all patients studied by a clinical virology laboratory during a 3 1/2-year period were analyzed to determine whether delays in specimen transport time of up to 24 hours influenced yields. No significant effects were found. The data suggest that regionalization of clinical virology services can be done without adversely affecting diagnostic sensitivity. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1309-1310)
Moderated Poster session - Genetic, Epigenetic &amp; Integrative480Inhibiting mitochondrial fission with Mdivi-1 directs cardiac differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells via protein kinase CK2481A novel role of tristetraprolin in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in the heart against iron deficiency by optimizing expression of Rieske iron-sulfur protein482Different therapeutic approaches to downregulate the activation of the hepatic interleukin-6/stat3/complement pathway in …
Authors: S Lim, T Sato, F Marino, F Stillitano, JM Pioner, T Haase, E Pianezzi, P Sivakumaran, D Hernandez, RCB Wong, C Taylor, G Dusting, A Pebay, M Bayeva, HC Chang, JS Shapiro, S Yar, H Ardehali, A Camporeale, L Avalle, S Heymans, B Roman, V Kotelianski, V Poli, I Karakikes, M Nonnenmacher, D Ceholski, L Zhang, JS Hulot, CL Cai, EG Kranias, RJ Hajjar, AW Racca, JM Klaiman, X Guan, L Pabon, V Muskheli, J Macadangdang, DH Kim, DL Mack, MK Childers, C Tesi, C Poggesi, CE Murry, M Regnier, J Krause, C Mueller, J Stenzig, C Roethemeier, PS Wild, S Blankenberg, T Zeller, C Altomare, E Cervio, S Bolis, T Moccetti, GG Camici, L Barile, GG Vassalli
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)
Violence in America: a public health emergency. Time to bite the bullet back
Authors: C. E. Koop
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Violence, according to one dictionary, is defined as "(1) exertion of any physical force so as to injure or abuse, (2) injury by or as if by distortion, infringement, or profanation, (3) intense, turbulent and often destructive action, or force." In his book<i>Powershift</i>Alvin Toffler identifies violence or the threat of violence as one of the three fundamental sources of all human power, the other two being money and knowledge. Toffler convincingly argues that these power sources influence every person and all groups including government. Of the three, violence is the lowest form of power because it can only be used to punish. Knowledge and money are far more versatile and can be used in an infinite variety of positive as well as negative or manipulative ways.<sup>1</sup>The violence referred to in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>is the interpersonal kind rather than such types as war or that
Abstract 2420: The development of novel detection system for circulating tumor DNA using DNA chip system
Authors: Noriaki Nakamura, Hiroshi Okamura, Hirofumi Yamano, Hiromichi Ito, Hitoshi Zembutsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Gene panels covering hundreds of mutation hotspots for detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) have been developed for the establishment of clinically practical circulating tumor (ctDNA) detection system. Although amplicon-based or capture-based genomic profiling of genes commonly mutated in cancer using next-generation sequencing (NGS) system have been developed, they are not sufficiently sensitive nor accurate to be used for clinical diagnosis in hospital. As a result of preliminary study using 87 advanced pancreatic cancer (stage lll/lV), we observed that one or more KRAS mutation(s) could be detected in 60.9% of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer by using the amplicon-based deep sequencing system. To develop more sensitive and accurate ctDNA detection system, we optimized conditions of our DNA chip system. We firstly used 100 synthetic DNA samples, whose KRAS mutant allele frequencies were from 0.1% to 10.0%, and investigated the quantitativity of our DNA chip system. We amplified target regions by PCR to obtain 2,000 copies of synthesized DNA. The PCR product was hybridized with the probe on the DNA chip. The fluorescence ratio (mutant allele fluorescence intensity / total fluorescence intensity) of 100 synthetic DNA samples were clearly distinguished to that of negative control by using the DNA chip system. We defined an appropriate cut-off values of small quantities (0.1%) of mutations. Furthermore, to confirm the accuracy and reliability of this method, we verified our DNA chip system using 15 plasma cfDNA samples from patients with mutant KRAS (0.1~10.0%) and 15 samples from patients without mutant KRAS as negative control. 10 ng of ctDNA which extracted from blood sample is used in PCR. We observed that detected mutant status by DNA chip was completely concordant (100%) with those by amplicon-based deep sequencing system. Our data confirmed that mutant allele in cfDNA can be sensitively and accurately detected by DNA chip system. These results suggest that the ctDNA detection system developed in this study could be a novel diagnostic tool for tumor burden, and could realize the ultra-early detection of refractory tumors including pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Noriaki Nakamura, Hiroshi Okamura, Hirofumi Yamano, Hiromichi Ito, Hitoshi Zembutsu. The development of novel detection system for circulating tumor DNA using DNA chip system [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2420.
Chromium(VI) Reduction by Ascorbate: Role of Reactive Intermediates in DNA Damage In Vitro
Authors: Diane M. Stearns, Kevin D. Courtney, Paloma H. Giangrande, Laura S. Phieffer, Karen E. Wetterhahn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Reaction of chromium(VI) with one equivalent of ascorbate was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in the presence of 0.10 M 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide (DMPO) at room temperature in 0.10 M (N-12-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid]) (HEPES) and 0.05 M tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris-HCI) buffers (pH 7.0, room temperature).Chromium(V), ascorbyl radical, and carbon- based DMPO-radical adducts were observed.A higher level of Cr(V) was observed in HEPES buffer and a higher level of the DMPO-radical adducts was observed in Tris-HCI buffer.Chromium-DNA binding studies were carried out in vitro for calf thymus DNA incubated with Cr(VI) and ascorbate in both buffers at 37°C.Higher Cr-DNA binding was observed in HEPES buffer.DNA strand-break studies were carried out in vitro on pBR322 DNA incubated with Cr(VI) and ascorbate in both buffers at 37°C.Higher percent nicking was observed in Tris-HCI buffer.Addition of DMPO decreased nicking levels in Tris-HCI buffer.These results suggest that free radicals are more reactive than Cr(V) in producing DNA strand breaks and that Cr(V) will react with DNA to produce Cr-DNA adducts.The fact that buffer affects the nature of the reactive intermediates produced upon reduction of Cr(VI) may be related to differences in intracellular metabolism of Cr(VI) and resulting DNA damage observed in various cell culture systems and ani- mal tissues in vivo.
Incorrect Author Affiliation
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Faisal G. Bakaeen, MD; Domenic J. Reda, PhD; Annetine C. Gelijns, PhD; Lorraine Cornwell, MD; Shuab Omer, MD; Rayan Al Jurdi, MD; Panos Kougias, MD; Daniel Anaya, MD; David H. Berger, MD; Grant D. Huang, MPH, PhD