tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prospective study of tardive dyskinesia incidence in the elderly
Authors: B. L. Saltz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To investigate the incidence of tardive dyskinesia in elderly individuals beginning treatment with antipsychotic drugs and to identify risk factors for the development of tardive dyskinesia in the elderly. <h3>Design.</h3> —A cohort of previously neuroleptic-naive patients was identified at the time of initiation of antipsychotic drug treatment. Patients were evaluated at baseline and followed up at 3-month intervals for periods ranging from 3 to 119 weeks. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Subjects were recruited from the psychiatric and geriatric medical services of two medical centers, a geriatric institute, and three nursing homes in the metropolitan area of New York City, NY. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Two hundred fifteen individuals older than 55 years have entered the study thus far. Preliminary data are presented for 160 patients who were followed up for at least 1 month. Their age range was 57 to 99 years (mean, 77 years). Seventy-two percent were women and 87% were white. Sixty-seven percent of patients had a diagnosis of organic mental syndrome and 42% had a psychiatric diagnosis. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —A naturalistic, longitudinal, repeated assessment paradigm was employed. Assessments included abnormal involuntary movements, extrapyramidal signs, psychiatric symptoms, and medical and drug treatment histories. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —The incidence of tardive dyskinesia was determined using a standardized rating instrument and survival analysis. <h3>Results.</h3> —The incidence of neuroleptic-induced dyskinesia was 31% (95% confidence interval, 20%, 42%) after 43 weeks of cumulative neuroleptic treatment. Psychiatric (as opposed to organic) diagnosis and presence of extrapyramidal signs early in treatment were associated with increased tardive dyskinesia vulnerability. (JAMA. 1991;266:2402-2406)
Cryosurgery
Authors: Frederick N. Turnbull
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This text compiles a 1967 symposium on cryosurgery, with 26 separate contributions. It covers all fields of cryobiology from physicalchemical factors to cryoimmunological implications. The editors have presented up-to-date information on the indications and limitations for cryosurgical procedures in different specialties and different anatomical regions, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of equipment in current use. Although this book is one of the first attempts to obtain a broad approach to a new technique, it is quite encompassing and exhaustive in its content. This new modality of cryosurgery has swept into the fields of ophthalmology, urology, neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, gynecology, and dermatology. The chapter on engineering stands out in a medical text as an excellent description of cryogenic materials, their properties and temperature characteristics, equations and definitions, and provides for the nonengineer sufficient technological information to make the text meaningful. This book impresses one immediately with the authoritative presentations in
Changes in the Medical Corps of the Navy for the Week Ending March 8, 1884.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Mineral Fibers on the Expression of Genes Whose Product May Play a Role in Fiber Pathogenesis
Authors: Tohru Tsuda, Yasuo Morimoto, Hiroshi Yamato, Hiromi Nakamura, Hajime Hori, Nobuhiko Nagata, Masamitsu Kido, Toshiaki Higashi, Isamu Tanaka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

To determine which factors are useful for the risk assessment of man-made fibers, we examined the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mineral fiber-exposed rats by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Male Wistar rats received a single intratracheal instillation of either saline (control) or two types of fibers (2 mg of Union Internationale Centre le Cancer (UICC) chrysotile or alumina silicate refractory ceramic fiber [RCFI).Expression of interleukin-la (IL-la), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- a), platelet-deriving growth factor-A, (PDGF-A), platelet-deriving growth factor-B (PDGF-B), transforming growth factor 13 (TGF-01), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), MnSOD, and iNOS mRNA from lung and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated alveolar macrophages (AM) were assessed by RT-PCR.Among these factors, IL-la, TNF-a, IL-6, bFGF, and iNOS would be the possible parameters for the risk assessment of fibers.In a follow-up study, we investigated the time course (3 days, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months) of expression of IL-1 a and TNF-a by LPS- stimulated AM exposed to mineral fibers in vivo.Male Wistar rats were instilled intratracheally with saline or fibers (2 mg of Union Internationale Contre le Cancer UICC crocidolite or potassium octatitanate whisker [TWI).The expression of IL-la mRNA by fibers was greatest in TW, crocidolite, chrysotile, and RCF-instilled rat AM, in that order.The increase of IL-la and TNF-a mRNA in AM peaked at 1 month and 3 days after exposure to crocidolite or TW, respectively.The expression of IL-1a by fibers (crocidolite, chrysotile, TW, and RCF) may be a good indicator of the pathologic potential of fibers.
Adverse drug reactions.
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Adverse drug reactionsTo be accepted as effective and reasonably safe a drug has to pass a series of prolonged and expensive tests.Yet when looking at its adverse effects doctors seem to apply double standards.While one or two unconfirmed case reports may be enough to label a drug as having unusual toxicity, little is known of the incidence of the less spectacular adverse effects of drugs in widespread general use.The monitored release schemes have not been very productive, and the yellow card system is grossly underused by all doctors.'Adverse drug reactions are often classified into two types.Type 1, or type A, effects are those effects to be expected from pharmacological properties of the drug, such as bleeding when taking warfarin or hyperkalaemia with spironolactone.Type 2, or type B, reactions are the unexpected ones, which, while less common than type 1 reactions, usually carry a much higher morbidity and mortality.Rawlins has given more details of this classification in a recent review in the BMJ.2Most drug reactions are mild, but a few may be severe enough to threaten life, especially in patients with serious underlying disease.Some years ago in the United States up to 140 000 deaths were said to occur each year from adverse reactions to drugs,3 4 and one-seventh of all hospital days were said to be devoted to the care of patients suffering from drug toxicity.5These state- ments are now seen as exaggerations, but considerable alarm
Ten years of orienting college students to careers in medicine
Authors: S. F. Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1992)

MANY college students who contemplate a medical career volunteer for hospital work in order to have hospital experience and something to cite on their medical school applications. In the past, students were often given menial tasks that gave them neither experience nor understanding about what a medical career entails. We were concerned that many young men and women entered medical school without a clear concept of the demands of the profession. Once in medical school, they sometimes realized they were committed to something that they really did not want, with consequent disillusionment or lost time, money, and opportunity. We were also aware that highly qualified students increasingly had been turning away from medicine. We therefore developed a program in 1981 to provide college students from our area with a useful and balanced exposure to medical care and practice so that they could make an informed decision about their future careers.
Medical Psychology
Authors: R. Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1862)

rales throughout both lungs.Has been four weeks in hospital, and improving under ipecacuanha, opium, and senega.April 8th.To use the lotion, and take the mixture in the usual way.April 11th."Lotion relieves the breath."April 19th."Going on well"; "'the medicine does much good."The mixture and lotion changed for plain water.
Social and Environmental Factors in Lung Cancer Mortality in Post-War Poland
Authors: Halina Szejnwald Brown, Robert Goble, Henryk Kirschner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Poland and other Eastern European countries have undergone heavy industrial development with marked increases in air pollution and occupational exposure in the nearly 50 years since World War II. These countries have also experienced substantial increases in chronic disease mortality in the past three decades. While it is tempting to assume a direct association between these phenomena, more detailed analyses are called for. Poland offers a potentially rich opportunity for comparing geographical patterns of disease incidence and of industrial change. In this paper we 1) elucidate the prospects for attributing lung cancer mortality to industrial emissions in Poland, using an ecological approach based on the hitherto unaddressed geographic differences, and accounting for regional differences in cigarette consumption; 2) propose explanatory hypotheses for the observed geographic heterogeneity of lung cancer; 3) begin systematic testing of the widely accepted but not well-scrutinized notion that pollution in Poland is a major contributor to declining life expectancy. Regions with the highest fraction of cancer that cannot be explained by smoking appear to be highly urbanized, have high population exposure to occupational carcinogens, experience the highest rates of alcoholism and crime, and are associated with the post- World War II population resettlement. Although the analysis does not rule out pollution as a significant contributor to lung cancer mortality, it indicates that other factors such as occupational exposures and various social factors are of at least comparable importance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Dr. Guerrero President.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SYNERGISTIC COLONIC ANALGESIA
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide and Ego Functions
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nasal vestibulitis: An under-recognized and under-treated side effect of cancer treatment.
Authors: Gaurav Goyal, Elizabeth Jane Cathcart-Rake, DeAnne Renee Smith, David Zahrieh, Aminah Jatoi, Ping Yang, Charles L. Loprinzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e22172 Background: Dryness, crusting, and bleeding of the nares due to inflammation, termed nasal vestibulitis, is infrequently reported as a side effect of cancer treatments. Methods: Patients who had undergone at least 6 weeks of cancer-directed therapy were interviewed regarding the presence of nasal symptoms. They were asked about types of nasal symptoms, severity, and symptom treatments. Medical records were reviewed to determine documentation of symptoms and cancer treatment regimens. Fisher’s exact tests were used to identify groups in which frequencies of nasal symptoms were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the comparator arm. To account for potential confounding factors, including demographic variables and concurrent therapies, logistic regression analyses were conducted, and estimated proportions with their standard errors (SEs) and odds ratios were reported (ORs). Results: Of the 100 patients interviewed, 41% reported nasal symptoms that they attributed to cancer treatments, with an average severity of 1.9 on a scale from 1 (mild) to 3 (severe). Of the symptomatic patients, 46% had dryness, 34% had discomfort, 56% had bleeding, and 46% had scabbing. Higher frequencies were reported among those who had received taxanes (71%), and VEGF-related therapies (78%). Among taxane-treated patients, after controlling for other factors, the odds of experiencing nasal symptoms was 4.86 times higher than for patients who did not receive taxanes (90% CI: 2.01, 11.76). For patients who received VEGF-related therapies, after controlling for other factors and exposure to taxanes, the odds of experiencing nasal symptoms was 7.38 (90% CI:1.68, 32.51) times higher than for patients who did not receive VEGF-related therapies. Sixty-one percent of patients with nasal symptoms said they reported them to their provider, but only 41% of medical records notes contained documentation of such. 49% of patients with nasal symptoms reported treating their symptoms, most frequently with antihistamines or nasal lubricants. Conclusions: Nasal vestibulitis symptoms are prevalent among oncology patients, but infrequently recorded or treated by providers.
Commentary
Authors: Brian Kirby
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Objectives-To investigate the amount of regular activity and time spent in sedentary occupations in children aged 7-9 years.Sex diVerences in levels of activity and time and facilities for physical education at school were also examined.Methods-A 10% sample of Dublin National Schools were selected.Parents of children in second class were surveyed.The questionnaire used was a modification of the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents.Teachers of second class were questioned about the time and facilities for physical education in schools.Results-Some 39% of children were participating in hard exercise for at least 20 minutes three or more times a week, with fewer girls (28%) than boys (53%) contributing to this result.A further 57% of children were engaging in at least 20 minutes of light exercise three or more times a week, with no sex diVerences.Estimated energy expenditure in regular activity was higher in boys than girls.Most (78%) of the children were spending one to three hours a day sedentary in front of a screen.Conclusions-This study provides comprehensive data on physical activity levels in Dublin schoolchildren aged 7-9 years.The amount of inactivity is of concern.Even at this young age, boys are reported to participate in more physical activity than girls.
Book Review Handbook of Pediatric Procedures . By Francis Scott Smyth, M.A., M.D., Associate of Pediatrics, University of California; Pediatrician-in-chief, University of California Hospital and Out-Patient Department; and Edith I. M. Irvine-Jones, M.B., Ch.B., Instructor in Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine; Assistant Physician, St. Louis Children's Hospital, etc. The Macmillan Company, New York. Price $2.50.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1930)
SERUM ENZYMES IN DIAGNOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JOURNALS ABSTRACTED IN THE CURRENT MEDICAL LITERATURE DEPARTMENT, MAY-AUGUST 1942
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal