tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Word perfect
Authors: D. Maxwell
Journal: BMJ (1992)

<h3>Aim</h3> Demographic changes, decreasing availability of general practitioners, and at least regional shortage of qualified emergency medical service (EMS) physicians led to increasing arrival times and quality problems. Telemedical solutions could help to solve some of the problems. <h3>Methods</h3> Overall safety and feasibility of prehospital telemedically guided care was already proven in two research projects from 2007 to 2013.<sup>1–3</sup> Their results led to implementation of a multifunctional mobile telemedicine system in the city of Aachen, Germany. From 04/2014 to 03/2015 all ambulances were equipped with a telemedicine system connected to a teleconsultation centre staffed with anesthesiologists experienced in emergency care. Audio, real-time vital data, 12-lead-ECG, picture transmission, and video streaming from ambulances was accomplished with encrypted and parallelized transmission using. Mission numbers prior and after implementation were compared to evaluate systematic influence. <h3>Results</h3> From 04/2014 to 06/2016 overall 4.901 EMS missions were supported and guided telemedically: n=4.151 emergency missions (85%) and n=750 (15%) inter-hospital transfers. Prior to implementation (04/2013–03/2014) 17.305 solely ambulance missions (68.7%) and 7.882 ambulance plus EMS physician unit missions were performed (31.3%). After implementation (04/2015–03/2016) 20.102 ambulance missions (76%) and 6.360 ambulance plus EMS physician missions (24%) were conducted which revealed a significant difference between both phases, p&lt;0.0001. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The implementation of a telemedicine system into routine care led to a significant decrease in conventional on-scene physician missions as well as to an overall decrease in physician guided EMS cases. Therefore, the approach can be judged resource optimising and holds a potential for economic improvements although highly qualified physicians carry out the service. <h3>References</h3> Brokmann JC, Conrad C, Rossaint R, Bergrath S, Beckers SK, Tamm M, Czaplik M, Hirsch F. Treatment of acute coronary syndrome by telemedically supported paramedics compared with physician-based treatment of acute coronary syndrome: a prospective, interventional, multicentre trial. J Med Internet Res2016;18(12):e314doi:10.2196/jmir.6358 Felzen F, Brokmann JC, Beckers SK, Hirsch H, Tamm M, Rossaint R, Bergrath S. Technical performance of a multifunctional prehospital telemedicine system in routine emergency medical care – an observational study. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare2016; pii: 1357633X16644115. Bergrath S, Reich A, Rossaint R, Rörtgen R, Gerber J, Fischermann H, Beckers SK, Brokmann JC, Schulz JB, Leber C, Fitzner C, Skorning M. Feasibility of Prehospital Teleconsultation in Acute Stroke – a pilot study in clinical routine. PLoS ONE2012;7(5):e36796. <h3>Conflict of interest</h3> None declared. <h3>Funding</h3> None declared.
Recognising actions
Authors: Patrick R. Green, Frank E. Pollick
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The ability to recognise the actions of conspecifics from displays of biological motion is an essential perceptual capacity. Physiological and psychological evidence suggest that the visual processing of biological motion involves close interaction between the dorsal and ventral systems. Norman's strong emphasis on the functional differences between these systems may impede understanding of their interactions.
A1.15 Apolipoprotein E aggravates inflammation and bone destruction in murine antigen – induced arthritis
Authors: G Ascone, I Di Ceglie, W de Munter, B Walgreen, A Sloetjes, P van Lent
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by severe bone destruction which has been associated with altered lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a lipoproteincrucial in lipid metabolism, mainly produced by the liver but also by macrophages. Recently ApoE has been described as an important anti-inflammatory mediator regulating innate immunity and as a regulator of bone turnover. Little is known about the role of ApoE in RA. In the present study we investigated the role of ApoE during antigen-induced arthritis (AIA). <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Experimental arthritis (AIA) was induced by injection of 60 µg mBSA into the right knee joint of ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> and wild type (WT) control mice previously immunised with mBSA/CFA. Joint swelling was measured by uptake of <sup>99m</sup>Technecium (<sup>99m</sup>Tc) and expressed as a ratio of the uptake in right (injected) knee joint and the left (non injected). Humoral immunity (mBSA antibody titer) was measured by ELISA. Joint inflammation and bone erosion were measured by histological analysis using an arbitrary scale from 0 to 3. TRAP<sup>+</sup> cells were determined using immunohistochemistry by counting the number of cells along the bone surface. <h3>Results</h3> ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice showed significantly less joint swelling at day 1, 3 and 7 after AIA induction compared to WT controls (21%, 17%, 18% lower, respectively). Serum level of specific anti mBSA (total IgG, IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b) was comparable between the two mouse strains. At day 21 histology of the knee joints showed less infiltration of inflammatory cells (25% lower) and decreased bone erosion in the ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice compared to WT controls (25% lower from 1.5 ± 0.2 to 1.1 ± 0.1. In line with that, in the ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice we found a reduction of the number of osteoclasts present at the area of resorption (36% lower from 20 ± 4 osteoclasts/section in WT mice to 12 ± 5 in ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice), measured by image analysis of TRAP staining. <h3>Conclusions</h3> ApoE aggravates bone destruction in AIA by increasing the influx of inflammatory cells within the synovium and the number of resorbing osteoclasts on the bone surface.
THE ETHICS OF EATING.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inoperable aortic stenosis in the elderly: benefit from percutaneous transluminal valvuloplasty.
Authors: G Jackson, S Thomas, M Monaghan, A Forsyth, D Jewitt
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Eight patients with severe symptomatic calcific aortic stenosis were considered to be unsuitable for valve replacement. Four were admitted with pulmonary oedema and three in cardiogenic shock and one had angina at rest. With the use of echocardiographic and radiographic guidance percutaneous transluminal aortic valvuloplasty was carried out. Aortic gradients were reduced by an average of 40%. All four patients who presented with cardiac failure improved immediately and remained well six months later. The patient with angina was symptom free at nine months. Two of the three patients who presented in cardiogenic shock improved immediately and were well nine and three months later. The other patient died four hours after the procedure. Doppler echocardiographic studies showed a slight initial increase in aortic incompetence, but this did not worsen and valvar gradients remained improved three and six months later. Percutaneous valvuloplasty of the aortic valve is an effective therapeutic option in patients with severe calcific aortic stenosis who are unfit for surgery. Its role as an alternative to surgery has not been considered and should be investigated in a controlled clinical trial.
Progress in Hepatitis B Prevention Through Universal Infant Vaccination—China, 1997-2006
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of illness and death in China. Approximately 60% of the population has a history of HBV infection, and 9.8% of persons in China are chronically infected with HBV and at risk for premature death from liver disease. Each year, an estimated 263,000 persons in China die from HBV-related liver cancer or cirrhosis, accounting for 37%-50% of HBV-related deaths worldwide. Because most HBV infections occur during infancy or early childhood, when HBV infection is most likely to become chronic, vaccination of infants beginning at birth is the key strategy for preventing chronic HBV infection. This report describes China's progress in increasing coverage among infants with hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) and timely administration of the HepB birth dose (i.e., within 24 hours of birth). Infant vaccination coverage with both the timely birth dose and the complete vaccine series was substantially higher among children born during 2003 than among those born during 1997; timely birth-dose coverage increased from 29.1% to 75.8%, and HepB series completion increased from 70.7% to 89.8%. Furthermore, in economically disadvantaged populations in western and middle provinces targeted by the China-Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (China-GAVI) project, reported coverage with timely HepB birth dose increased from 64% in 2004 to 81% in 2006, and coverage with the complete HepB series increased from 52% in 2001 to 92% in 2006. China has established a goal to reduce chronic HBV infection among children aged <5 years to <1% by 2010. Achieving this goal will require continued commitment to increasing vaccination coverage in impoverished regions and ensuring that infants born at home are vaccinated within 24 hours of birth.
Thrombosed shunts.
Authors: E J Hadjiyannakis
Journal: BMJ (1972)

54 patients with localized or primary malignant melanoma had circulating cytoplasmic antibody.A few patients formerly positive but who had converted to negative, and some who on clinical grounds had a primary lesion but who had negative tests for cytoplasmic antibody, were found to have developed metastatic lesions.It is postulated that the halo naevus represents a seldom seen interim stage natural protective mechanism-that is, a rejection phenomenon of malignant melanoma.It is the visualization, so to speak, of the sur- veillance system normally so effective in pre- venting malignant melanoma from developing in every individual.The study of such aspects in the behaviour of moles and melanomas raises the question not only why are halo naevi spontaneously rejected and heal, but why do malignant melanomas de- velop and persist in patients who in all other respects appear to have normal and intact immunological mechanisms.-Weare, etc.,
Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682). A model for medical humanists
Authors: J. H. Dirckx
Journal: JAMA (1982)

THIS week marks the 300th anniversary of the death of Sir Thomas Browne, a physician chiefly remembered for his contribution to English letters, an experimenter and reasoner who helped to shape the course of early modern science, and a philosopher and moralist who would have been a credit to any profession. Thomas Browne was born on Oct 19, 1605, the son of a well-to-do London tradesman, who died when Thomas was 8 years old. After completing his preliminary schooling at Winchester College, Browne entered Pembroke College, Oxford, in 1623 and remained there until 1629, when he received the degree of master of arts. Inspired by Dr Thomas Clayton, professor of anatomy and medicine at Pembroke, Browne chose a medical career, and, since his means permitted it, he attended the best continental schools. He spent some time at Montpellier, France, and Padua, Italy, and finished his training at Leyden, the Netherlands,
CARCINOGENESIS AND THE PITUITARY GLAND
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long QT Syndrome and Potentially Pathogenic Genetic Variants
Authors: Leslie G. Biesecker
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Foundations of Nutrition
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mebendazole in enterobiasis. Radiochemical and pilot clinical study in 1,278 subjects
Authors: J. P. Brugmans
Journal: JAMA (1971)

An epidemiological study conducted on 1,278 persons revealed that enterobiasis was surprisingly widespread: 75% to 97% among boarding-school children, 78% among long-term hospital patients, and at least 31% among army recruits. A single standard dose of 100 mg of mebendazole was about 90% effective against enterobiasis in both children and adults. No side effects were reported even at several times the recommended dose (100 mg) in small children. Mebendazole is practically not absorbed and probably acts by blocking the glucose uptake by nematodes in the colon.
Large cell change (liver cell dysplasia) and hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Matched case-control study, pathological analysis, and pathogenetic hypothesis
Authors: R Lee
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Large cell change (LCC), characterized by cellular enlargement, nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia, and multinucleation of hepatocytes, is a common lesion in cirrhotic livers, but its nature, significance, and pathogenesis remain uncertain. Therefore, we assessed the prognostic value of LCC as a marker of subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through a case-control study that compared pretransplant liver biopsy specimens from 37 cirrhotic liver transplant recipients with HCC to specimens from a control group of recipients without HCC, matched for sex, age (±5 years), and cause of cirrhosis. LCC was identified in 16 (43%) of the study and 7 (19%) of the control group biopsy specimens. By matched-pair analysis, LCC conveyed a moderately increased risk of later HCC with an estimated odds ratio of 3.3 (95% CI, 1.2-15; P = .038). However, a pathology review of 45 HCCs showed adjoining LCC in only 12 (27%) and did not suggest a morphological transition or a histogenetic association between the two lesions. LCC hepatocytes displayed a low proliferative rate by Ki-67 or proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining (labeling indices of 0.27 and 0.73) but showed a greater degree of apoptosis than normal hepatocytes (labeling indices of 1.9 and 0.23; P = .03) To reconcile these findings, we propose that LCC derives from derangements in the hepatocyte's normal process of polyploidization. Such derangements, possibly caused by chronic inflammation-induced DNA damage, could yield a population of enlarged liver cells with nuclear atypia and pleomorphism, frequent binuclearity, and minimal proliferation. According to this hypothesis, LCC would be a habitual feature of cirrhosis and a regular accompaniment of HCC but would not represent a direct malignant precursor.
Journal of Medical Genetics, London
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serum Clara Cell Protein: A Sensitive Biomarker of Increased Lung Epithelium Permeability Caused by Ambient Ozone
Authors: Fabrice Broeckaert, Karim Arsalane, Cedric Hermans, Enrico Bergamaschi, Angelita Brustolin, Antonio Mutti, Alfred Bernard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Ozone in ambient air may cause various effects on human health, including decreased lung function, asthma exacerbation, and even premature mortality. These effects have been evidenced using various clinical indicators that, although sensitive, do not specifically evaluate the O(3)-increased lung epithelium permeability. In the present study, we assessed the acute effects of ambient O(3) on the pulmonary epithelium by a new approach relying on the assay in serum of the lung-specific Clara cell protein (CC16 or CC10). We applied this test to cyclists who exercised for 2 hr during episodes of photochemical smog and found that O(3) induces an early leakage of lung Clara cell protein. The protein levels increased significantly into the serum from exposure levels as low as 0.060-0.084 ppm. Our findings, confirmed in mice exposed to the current U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards for O(3) (0.08 ppm for 8 hr) indicate that above the present natural background levels, there is almost no safety margin for the effects of ambient O(3) on airway permeability. The assay of CC16 in the serum represents a new sensitive noninvasive test allowing the detection of early effects of ambient O(3) on the lung epithelial barrier.
Some Concepts in Toxicology
Authors: Sheldon D. Murphy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Toxicology seeks to understand and quantify injurious chemico-biological interactions. The application of this understanding is prediction of the likelihood of occurrence of injury to human health or to undesirable alteration of ecological balance. The key to understanding chemical induced biological injury is development of improved methods of measuring changes in cellular function and structure and the application of these methods to elucidate the mechanisms and factors that modulate chemical injuries. The key to application of this understanding is appropriately designed dose-response and time-response studies which will, with appropriate consideration of biological mechanisms, allow prediction of conditions of exposure (and their confidence limits) that represent finite levels of risk of injury. The underlying data base required is extensive and will be drawn from traditional studies as well as new methods of testing and risk assessment.