tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colonic polyps, occult blood, and chance
Authors: J. B. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) is the simplest and cheapest way to screen the populace for colorectal tumors. Though primarily intended to uncover early malignant neoplasms, it also reveals benign neoplastic polyps.<sup>1</sup>This is a potentially important benefit of FOBT, because most colorectal cancers arise from malignant transformation of benign polyps—the so-called adenoma-carcinoma sequence.<sup>2</sup>Hence, widespread detection and removal of asymptomatic polyps could dramatically decrease the incidence of bowel cancer, at least in theory. The best studies of FOBT indicate a substantial yield of adenomas—about 20% of individuals with positive test results aged 50 through 59 years, rising to about one third of those over 70 years.<sup>3</sup>These are impressive numbers and, on the surface, lend support to those who advocate general FOBT surveillance of middle-aged and elderly people. In this issue ofThe Journal, however, Ransohoff and Lang<sup>4</sup>argue that a major proportion of small (&lt;1
Grundriss der Fermentmethoden.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Other Books
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heterotopic Tracheal Transplants: Techniques and Applications
Authors: A. J. P. Klein-Szanto, B. C. Pal, M. Terzaghi, A. C. Marchok
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Heterotopic tracheal transplants, placed subcutaneously in syngeneic rats have been extensively used in our laboratory. The objective of these experiments was to study the toxic and/or carcinogenic effect of several compounds on the respiratory tract mucosa. This was attained by exposing the transplants to an intraluminal pettet containing the toxicant or carcinogen mixed with an adequate matrix (gelatin, beeswax, stearyl alcohol, silastic, etc.). By varying the concentration of the test chemicals, it is possible to study dose-response relationships, and by changing the pellet matrix, the effects of release rate (dose rate) can be analyzed. Several end points can be studied, such as histological changes in the mucociliary epithelium, changes in mucus secretion, tumor induction and changes in the in vitro behavior of the epithelial cells after in vivo exposure. In addition, by de-epithelializing the tracheal transplants and reseeding them with another cell population, e.g., from previously treated cell cultures or from human specimens and transplanting them subcutaneously in nude mice, completely new vistas on the effect of chemicals can be opened.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION AND ITS EFFECT ON CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nuclear weapons facilities face attacks from environmentalists, government agencies
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE HEAT IS ON the Department of Energy (DOE). During the last few months, the DOE has become the target of investigations by citizens' groups, congressional committees, government agencies, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). All are charging that the DOE has engaged in illegal disposal practices at many of its nuclear weapons plants. Last year, the Rocky Flats Weapons Plant in Golden, Colo, became the first DOE facility to become the subject of an FBI investigation. Officials at the plant are suspected of concealing violations of environmental laws, among which are illegal toxic-waste storage and disposal. The plant, operated under contract by Rockwell International Corporation, processes plutonium and assembles plutonium triggers for weapons. It has a history of accidents dating back to 1957, when a fire released tens of thousands of millicuries of alpha radiation into the atmosphere. More than 200 additional small fires have added additional doses.
Ameloblastic Adenomatoid Tumors: A Report of Four New Cases
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inferior Temporal Cortex: Where Visual Perception Meets Memory
Authors: M. Yasushi
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1993)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
"THE COEXISTENCE OF HODGKIN'S DISEASE AND AMEBIASIS"
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hospital Resource Allocation and Insurance Coverage
Authors: Harry B. Burke
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Braveman et al<sup>1</sup>examine differences in hospital resource allocation among sick newborns according to their insurance coverage. The authors conclude that because length of stay, total charges, and charges per day were less for the uninsured babies, and because they could not explain these differences based on differences in medical need, that this represents "prima facie evidence of inequities that need to be addressed by policy changes." They are clearly outraged that uninsured infants do not receive the same quality of care as the infants of mothers with insurance or Medicaid. But their findings are not direct evidence of poor quality of care. What Braveman et al do not report are outcomes. We need to know if the babies without insurance or Medicaid had worse outcomes, after adjustment for medical risk, than those with insurance or Medicaid. Without these data we cannot rule out the alternative
An Introduction to Applied Psychology for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Results of Lead Research: Prenatal Exposure and Neurological Consequences
Authors: Robert A. Goyer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The history of advances in the understanding of the toxic effects of lead over the past 20 years is an outstanding example of how knowledge learned from research can impact public health. Measures that have had the greatest impact on reducing exposure to lead are reduction of lead from gasoline, elimination of lead solder from canned food, removal of lead from paint, and abatement of housing containing lead-based paint. Nevertheless, continuing factors that enhance risk to lead exposure, particularly during fetal life, are low socioeconomic status, old housing with lead-containing paint, and less than ideal nutrition, particularly low dietary intake of calcium, iron, and zinc. Prenatal exposure may result from endogenous sources such as lead in the maternal skeletal system or maternal exposures from diet and the environment. Experimental studies have shown that the developing nervous system is particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of lead and that a large number of the effects in the nervous system are due to interference of lead with biochemical functions dependent on calcium ions and impairment of neuronal connections dependent on dendritic pruning. There is need for more study to determine whether these effects are a continuum of prenatal lead exposure or whether prenatal exposure to lead produces unique effects.
Trephine for full-thickness iliac-crest biopsy.
Journal: BMJ (1967)

With the help of expert contributors we publish below notes on a selection of drugs in current use. TriacetoxyanthraceneThis topical preparation is marketed under the name of Exolan by Dermal Laboratories Limited. Chemistry and PharmacologyFractionation of crude tars showed that the most effective substances in the treatment of psoriasis were high-boiling poly- cyclic hydroxy compounds.This group of compounds includes chrysarobin and dithranol-both of considerable value in the treatment of psoriasis.Further study of dithranol showed that it exists as the keto form 1,8-dihydroxy-9-anthrone (Fig. 1).Dithranol may thus cause burning because of the reducing properties of the methylenic group at 10 position and staining because, if one of the hydroxyl groups is attached to skin, sub- sequent oxidation of the methylenic group leads to the for- mation of a quinone dye.
Esophageal infarction complicating spontaneous rupture of the thoracic aorta
Authors: K. R. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1977)

An 81-year-old man suffered a spontaneous rupture of the thoracic aorta through an atheromatous plaque, leading to total dysphagia and eventual esophageal infarction. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1233-1234, 1977)
Abstract P303: Association of Overweight/Obesity and Self Reported Health Status in Hispanics: A Comparison with Non Hispanic Whites
Authors: Connie Ingram, Maria Canossa-Terris, Mary Comerford, Paul Kurlansky
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction The growing global prevalence of obesity is recognized as an important risk for cardiovascular disease. Understanding self perception of weight as it pertains to health is critical to the success of weight reduction programs. The impact of ethnicity on this association has not been examined. Methods The sample included 927 Hispanic (H) and 72 Non-Hispanics white (NHW) adults who received free cardiovascular screening from Florida Heart Research Institute. Overweight and obesity were measured by Body Mass Index. Self-perceived health status was characterized as excellent, very good, good, fair or poor health. Logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors for perceived fair-poor health, as well as for excellent, very good health. Odds ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals were calculated. Results Both H and NHW overweight/obese subjects tended to view their health as good, very good or excellent: H (overweight 81.1%/obese 73%) and NHW (89.3%/66.7%). Logistic regression revealed the following independent correlates of self-perceived very good or excellent health: NHW (OR 3.618, CI 2.126, 6.157, p&lt;0.001) and exercise (OR 1.640;CI 1.186, 2.268; p=0.003). Hypertension (OR 0.392; CI 0.246, 0.625; p&lt;0.001), overweight (OR 0.551, CI0.386, 0.785, p=0.001) and obesity (OR 0.431, CI 0.288, 0.644; p&lt;0.001) were all negatively associated with very good/excellent status. Conclusions Although it is not surprising that participation in regular exercise is associated with a better self-perception of health status, or that hypertension and obesity is correlated with a worse self-assessed health status, there are two striking findings that emerge from this data: 1. The vast majority of both H and NHW subjects do not perceive either overweight or obesity to be a major health problem. 2. Hispanics have a significantly worse self-perception of health status even after controlling for associated factors.This information provides a critical foundation for overcoming fundamental barriers to effective patient education_a critical first step in addressing the current epidemic of obesity in ethnically diverse populations.
Persistence of treatments in children with psoriasis followed into young adulthood: from topical to systemic treatments
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2021)

Psoriasis is a common skin disease in both children and adults that causes scaly and itchy patches on the skin and may greatly reduce quality of life.It affects at least 100 million individuals worldwide.Most patients can control their psoriasis with topical treatments alone (meaning that the medicine is applied directly to the skin, such as topical corticosteroids).However, sometimes more intensive treatment may be required, such as phototherapy or systemic treatment (tablets or injections).However, especially in young patients, the use of systemic therapies is mostly reserved for only severe cases due to risks and potential side-effects.This study, from the Netherlands, aimed to find out what the time is from the start of psoriasis until, firstly, discontinuation of topical treatment (and switch to a more intensive treatment), and secondly, switch to systemic treatment.Data from the Child-CAPTURE registry were used.This Dutch registry collects information about treatment of children with psoriasis, who are followed into young adulthood.Of all 448 children, 62.3% used only topical treatments throughout the study, 14.3% switched from topical treatment to phototherapy, but not to systemic treatment, and 23.4% switched to systemic treatment.The median time from the start of psoriasis until topical discontinuation was 7.3 years, meaning that 50% of all patients switched from topical to a more intensive treatment after 7.3 years.The median time until switch to systemic treatment was 10.8 years.We conclude that these median times until discontinuation of topical therapy and until switch to systemic treatment seem long.In recent years information on the safety and effectiveness of systemic treatments has increased.Therefore the question arises whether more effective systemic treatments should be started earlier on in the treatment of children with psoriasis.The results of this study support this discussion on early intervention in this important subgroup of patients with psoriasis.
Acetaldehyde-modified and 4-hydroxynonenal-modified proteins in the livers of rats with alcoholic liver disease
Authors: C Li
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Liver proteins form adducts with acetaldehyde and are modified by products of lipid peroxidation in alcohol-fed animals. It has been hypothesized that the formation of these modified liver proteins may contribute to liver injury in alcoholic liver disease. The present work was performed to determine the extent of protein modification in rats with experimental alcoholic liver disease. Rats were fed ethanol intragastrically with medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), palm oil, corn oil, or fish oil. The group fed MCTs and ethanol showed no liver injury, rats fed palm oil and ethanol showed only fatty liver, rats fed corn oil and ethanol showed fatty liver with moderate necrosis and inflammation, and rats fed fish oil and ethanol showed fatty liver with severe necrosis and inflammation. Antibodies were raised by using keyhole limpet hemocyanin modified in vitro by 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) or acetaldehyde as immunogens. When liver extracts were examined by Western blot analysis, the intensities of the acetaldehyde-modified protein band (37 kd) in the alcohol-fed animals were significantly different among the ethanol-treated groups and correlated with plasma acetaldehyde concentrations. It was strongest in rats fed fish oil and ethanol, followed by rats fed palm oil and ethanol and rats fed corn oil and ethanol, whereas rats fed MCTs and ethanol showed the weakest intensity. The 37-kd protein-adetaldehyde adduct was located mainly in the pericentral region of the liver. No acetaldehyde adduct was detected in the control rats that were pair-fed with isocaloric amounts of dextrose. Western blot analysis using the anti-4-HNE antibody showed four distinctive bands (48, 45, 40, and 38 kd) in the liver extracts of alcohol-fed rats. Control animals showed only a weak 38-kd band. Although the intensities of the 48-, 40-, and 38-kd bands were similar among the different ethanol-treated groups, the intensity of the 45-kd band decreased from MCTs and ethanol > palm oil and ethanol > or = corn oil and ethanol > fish oil and ethanol. The data indicate that the degree of liver protein modification by acetaldehyde correlates well with the severity of liver injury in ethanol-fed rats, whereas modification by the lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE shows no correlation with the severity of liver injury.
Book Review Williams Hematology Fifth edition. Edited by Ernest Beutler, Marshall A. Lichtman, Barry S. Coller, and Thomas J. Kipps. 1668 pp., illustrated. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1995. $135. 0-07-070386-8 Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice Second edition. Edited by Ronald Hoffman, Edward J. Benz, Jr., Sanford J. Shattil, Bruce Furie, Harvey J. Cohen, and Leslie E. Silberstein. 2369 pp., illustrated. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1995. $169.95. 0-443-08914-0 Current Therapy in …
Authors: H. Karel Nieuwenhuis, Bob Löwenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)