tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal aberrations in hepatocellular carcinomas: Relationship with pathological features
Authors: U Zimmermann, D Feneux, G Mathey, F Gayral, D Franco, P Bedossa
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Fluorescence in situ hybridization performed on tissue sections can reveal chromosomal abnormalities related to histopathological features. This technique was performed on serial frozen sections from seven normal livers and 29 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) using pericentromeric repeat-specific probes for chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 16, and 17. For each HCC and each probe, the percentage of cells showing one, two, or more than two signals was counted and compared with the distribution in the normal liver. According to these results, HCCs were categorized as monosomic, disomic, or polysomic (more than two signals) for the chromosome tested. These data were compared with the main histopathological characteristics of HCC. Chromosome gains were very common, preferentially affecting chromosome 1 (23 of 27 cases, 85%), chromosome 16 (16 of 27 cases, 59%), chromosome 7 (16 of 29 cases, 55%), chromosome 6 (15 of 29 cases, 52%) and chromosome 8 (14 of 29 cases, 48%). Monosomy was seen more rarely, affecting preferentially chromosome 16 (19%), chromosome 17 (14%), and chromosome 4 (10%). A significant correlation was observed between aneusomy of chromosome 4 and tumor size ( P &lt; .05) or the presence of vascular embolism ( P &lt; .05). In conclusion, chromosomal gains are frequent genetic events in human HCC. A significant association between a gain in chromosome 4 and large tumor size or vascular embolism suggests that this genetic abnormality is a late event in liver carcinogenesis.
Clinical Validation of a Novel Multiplex Kit for All Ras Mutations in Colorectal Cancer: Results of Rasket(Ras Key Testing) Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: K. Yamaguchi, K. Akagi, K. Muro, H. Taniguchi, T. Nishina, T. Kajiwara, T. Denda, S. Hironaka, T. Kudo, T. Satoh, W. Okamoto, T. Yoshino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Osler
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interned
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Ad Libitum18 January 2011InternedJack Coulehan, MD, MPHJack Coulehan, MD, MPHFrom Setauket, NY 11733.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-2-201101180-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Interned: To be coerced into a campand made to work, because of who you are.To be Japanese-American during the warand considered a traitor. To be clampedinto preventive detention, as Boerwomen and children were by Britishsoldiers. Incarcerated. Diminished.An alien about to be sent. The scorewas hospital, eleven months; interns,zero. He thanked the Good Lord for giftsof resilience, appetite, and the swiftembrace of sleep. After which, he returnedto the world with a jolt—knocked out of bedby a buzzer. Inclement weather ahead.Jack Coulehan, MD, MPHSetauket, NY 11733 Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Setauket, NY 11733.Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD, MPH, 4 Townsend Court, Setauket, NY 11733. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 January 2011Volume 154, Issue 2Page: 136KeywordsChildrenCyclic adenosine monophosphateSleep ePublished: 18 January 2011 Issue Published: 18 January 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
"Floodings"
Authors: S. Bender
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Contrary to some popular lay opinion, a " flooding " is not to be disregarded at any age, no matter whether the excessive vaginal bleeding is regular (menorrhagia) or irregular and acyclical (metrorrhagia, metrostaxis).The cause, more often local than general, must be sought, and, even though it will not always bM found, the search for it will largely exclude serious disease.In addition, the effects of the loss of blood must be countered.From the viewpoint of the general practitioner it is convenient to approach the symptom according to the age of the patient, and five age groups are discussed separately-the child, the teenager, the younger adult, the older adult, and the post-menopausal woman.
Health-Risk Behaviors Among Persons Aged 12-21 Years—United States, 1992
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Health-risk behaviors among youth may result in immediate health problems (e.g., injuries and sexually transmitted diseases) or extend into adulthood and increase risk for chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease and cancer). This report uses national data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), conducted as part of the 1992 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), to examine the prevalence of selected self-reported health-risk behaviors among persons aged 12-21 years.
Computed Tomographic Colonography for Detecting Advanced Neoplasia—Reply
Authors: Giovanni Galatola
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cutaneous Schistosomiasis
Authors: K. O. Black
Journal: BMJ (1945)

<h3>SUMMARY</h3> Sequential activation of neurons has been observed during various behavioral and cognitive processes and is thought to play a critical role in their generation. Here, we studied a circuit in the songbird forebrain that drives the performance of adult courtship song. In this region, known as HVC, neurons are sequentially active with millisecond precision in relation to behavior. Using large-scale network models, we found that HVC sequences could only be accurately produced if sequentially active neurons were linked with long and heterogeneous axonal conduction delays. Although such latencies are often thought to be negligible in local microcircuits, we empirically determined that HVC interconnections were surprisingly slow, generating delays up to 22 ms. An analysis of anatomical reconstructions suggests that similar processes may also occur in rat neocortex, supporting the notion that axonal conduction delays can sculpt the dynamical repertoire of a range of local circuits.
Pathology and laboratory medicine
Authors: R. L. Reddick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In the last year, the development and use of new methods to improve diagnostic acumen in anatomic pathology have continued to be major endeavors. One of the most exciting new techniques is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This technology allows the synthesis of multiple copies of DNA from extremely small starting samples of DNA or RNA. Polymerase chain reaction has been performed on single cells, blood spots, embryos, and tissues embedded in paraffin blocks.<sup>1</sup>In diagnostic pathology, PCR has been used to document the presence of Epstein-Barr virus sequences in Hodgkin's disease<sup>2</sup>; to study lineage and clonality in lymphomas<sup>3</sup>and gene rearrangements in B- and T-lymphoproliferative disorders<sup>4</sup>; and to detect human T-cell leukemialymphoma viruses.<sup>5</sup>The PCR technology performed on the DNA extracted from chorionic villi has been used for the prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and β-thalassemia.<sup>6</sup>Such an approach
CHORIONIC STRUCTURES IN TUMORS OF THE TESTICLES.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical schools in Canada
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Decreased brain choline uptake in older adults. An in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: B. M. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To test the hypothesis that uptake of circulating choline into the brain decreases with age, because alterations in metabolism of choline may be a factor contributing to age-related degenerative changes in the brain. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort comparison in younger and older adults. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Subjects were chosen consecutively from lists of healthy volunteers screened by medical and psychiatric interviews and laboratory tests. Younger adults (n=12) were between the ages of 20 and 40 years (mean age, 32 years), and older adults (n=16) were between the ages of 60 and 85 years (mean age, 73 years). <h3>Interventions.</h3> —After fasting overnight, subjects received choline, as the bitartrate, to yield free choline equal to 50 mg/kg of body weight. Blood was drawn for determination of plasma choline concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H-MRS) was performed to determine the relative concentration of cytosolic choline—containing compounds in the brain at baseline and after ingestion of choline. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Plasma choline and cytosolic choline—containing compounds in the brain, estimated as the ratio of the choline resonance to the creatine resonance on<sup>1</sup>H-MRS scans of the basal ganglia, were compared following blinded analyses of data from subject cohorts studied at baseline and 3 hours after choline ingestion. <h3>Results.</h3> —Levels of plasma choline and cytosolic choline—containing compounds in brain were similar at baseline in younger and older subjects. Following ingestion of choline, plasma choline concentration increased by similar proportions (76% and 80%) in both younger and older subjects. Brain cytosolic choline— containing compounds increased substantially in younger subjects (mean increase, 60%;<i>P</i>&lt;.001 vs baseline). Older subjects showed a much smaller increase in brain choline—containing compounds (mean, 16%;<i>P</i>&lt;.001 vs the increase in younger subjects). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Uptake of circulating choline into the brain decreases with age. Given the key role of choline in neuronal structure and function, this change may be a contributing factor in onset in late life of neurodegenerative, particularly dementing, illnesses in which cholinergic neurons show particular susceptibility to loss. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:902-907)
开发一种新方法来计算个体的黑色素瘤风险
Authors: K. Vuong, B.K. Armstrong, M. Drummond, J.L. Hopper, J.H. Barrett, J.R. Davies, D.T. Bishop, J. Newton‐Bishop, J.F. Aitken, G.G. Giles, H. Schmid, M.A. Jenkins, G.J. Mann, K. McGeechan, A.E. Cust
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

黑色素瘤是一种在黑素细胞(皮肤的色素细胞)中发生的癌症。黑色素瘤发生率(表示其常见程度)在皮肤白皙人群中增加,其中澳大利亚、新西兰、北美和欧洲的发病率最高。 在澳大利亚,14 名男性中有 1 名和 24 名女性中有 1 名将在其一生中被诊断患有黑色素瘤。黑色素瘤的危险因素包括日晒、日光浴、皮肤上痣的数量、皮肤对阳光的敏感度、雀斑数量、肤色、眼睛颜色、头发颜色、家族史和许多易感基因(使您面临更高风险的基因)。 黑色素瘤风险预测模型(将许多个体黑色素瘤危险因素结合到总体风险中)可能有助于通过匹配预防策略(干预)与患者的黑色素瘤风险水平来预防黑色素瘤。 许多黑色素瘤风险预测模型使用自我评估的危险因素,因为与临床(医学)危险因素评估相比,这样更快且成本更低,但很多人低估了他们的痣数。本研究旨在推导一个黑色素瘤风险预测模型,其中包括身上痣的数量和日光性雀斑痣(阳光引起的深色皮肤斑)作为临床评估的危险因素,以及色素(肤色)特征、日晒、家族史和皮肤癌病史作为自我评估的危险因素。 痣的数量是模型中最强的危险因素。该模型在识别能力(模型区分患有和未患黑色素瘤的个体的能力)方面表现出色。在临床环境中,该模型可能有助于临床医生根据患者的黑色素瘤风险确定适合针对性预防策略的患者。 本摘要涉及研究:一项关于纳入临床评估的痣和日光性雀斑痣的黑色素瘤风险预测模型的开发和外部验证研究
IS MEDICINE ATTRACTIVE TO SCHOLARLY MEN?
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leads from the MMWR. Progress toward achieving the 1990 objectives for pregnancy and infant health
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aspirin Hepatitis
Authors: JAMES D. WOLFE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

A 20-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus developed hepatitis while on high-dose aspirin therapy. Liver function tests indicated moderately severe hepatocellular dysfunction, which cleared after discontinuing the therapy. Subsequent rechallenge with aspirin resulted in hepatitis, proved by clinical, biochemical, and histological findings. A review of the literature suggests that salicylate-induced hepatotoxicity occurs much more frequently than previously noted. An awareness of this potential complication is important when treating patients with high doses of salicylate.
Serum Lipids and Their Value in Diagnosis
Authors: Siegfried J. Thannhauser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

Normocholesteremia and Foam-Cell Formation Increased xanthoma formation in essential xanthomatosis of the normocholesteremic type. This condition is synonymous with Schüller—Christian disease, lipid granulomatosis, eosinophilic granuloma and eosinophilic xanthomatous granuloma. Pinkus and Pick87 , 88 were the first to discover that the fat substances in the foam cells are cholesterol and cholesterol esters. These authors advanced the theory that cholesterol infiltration of certain cells takes place because of an increased cholesterol supply from the blood. In the syndrome under discussion, xanthoma-cell formation occurs without increased cholesterol supply from the blood — that is, with normal cholesterol values in the serum. Waldeyer66 has already . . .
UNDESIRED NEWSPAPER NOTORIETY.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ACHILLES HEEL OF THE ANKLE JERK
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rehabilitation medicine's challenge for the 1970's
Authors: W. J. Erdman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Rehabilitation has gained public support much more rapidly than it has from the medical profession. Private and governmental sources have built rehabilitation programs and facilities, which has increased the demand for care more rapidly than the supply of medical and paramedical personnel. Physiatric training programs are besieged by requests for graduates which cannot be met. Training programs for physiatrists are going unfilled at a rate exceeded only by the dismal rate of Public Health programs. In this situation no qualified physician can fail to gain admittance into a score of good Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation residency training programs, and I am unaware of any resident, who after completing training and certification, has not been eagerly sought if he has made his availability known. The 1967 report of the Commission on Education in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation stated that "2,000 additional physiatrists are needed to fill present demands in the various