tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Penicillin Resistant Bacteria in the Mouths and Throats of Children on Continuous Prophylaxis against Rheumatic Fever.
Authors: J. G. Barrow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Penicillin Resistant Bacteria in the Mouths and Throats of Children on Continuous Prophylaxis against Rheumatic Fever.J. G. Barrow, M.D., F.A.C.P., R. A. Naiman, M.D.J. G. Barrow, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. A. Naiman, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-735_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince bacterial endocarditis caused by alpha streptococci has been shown to be a particularly serious event in the management of patients with rheumatic heart disease, and because infection with penicillin-resistant strains of alpha streptococci might well pose a therapeutic problem in treatment, an investigation comparing the mouth flora of 3 groups of individuals living free in the community was carried out. A total of 74 persons was studied, including 8 normal individuals and 66 patients of whom 45 were receiving sulfadiazine prophylaxis against rheumatic fever and 21 were receiving prophylaxis. A culture of the anterior tooth-gum margin and a culture... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. G. Barrow, M.D., F.A.C.P.; R. A. Naiman, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPenicillin-Resistant Streptococci from the SalivaInfectious Diseases: Annual Review of Significant Publications 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 735-735KeywordsCardiovascular therapyChildrenEndocarditisInfectious diseasesMouthPenicillinPharynxProphylaxisRheumatic feverStreptococcal infections ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
Resident physician performance in a continuing education format. Does newly acquired knowledge improve patient care?
Authors: R. E. Pinkerton
Journal: JAMA (1980)

As part of an educational program in preventive dentistry for family medicine residents, we evaluated changes in systemic fluoride prescribing habits related to newly acquired knowledge. Residents, unaware of the study, were randomly assigned to one of two groups and shown a videotape describing preventive dental techniques. We supplemented the tape viewed by one group with specific instructions explaining the implementation of the information in patient care. Residents in both groups demonstrated the ability to learn and maintain their level of knowledge during a three-month period. Daily chart audits, however, revealed no substantial increase in correct prescribing of systemic fluoride to pediatric patients for either group. Only subsequent individual monitoring and reinforcement achieved the desired behavior. The acquisition of new knowledge by resident physicians under these circumstances did not lead to its application in daily patient care. This result parallels reported difficulties in altering physician behavior by continuing medical education, and suggests that residency programs are an appropriate setting to initiate improved physician performance in response to acquired knowledge. (<i>JAMA</i>244:2183-2185, 1980)
The public and the controversy over abortion
Authors: R. J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE ARRIVAL of a new presidential administration in Washington, DC, has been marked by vigorous debate about two major health policy issues—national health reform and abortion. While the national health reform debate will be centered on the passage of a single piece of legislation, the abortion controversy encompasses a number of distinct judicial, legislative, and administrative policy decisions. In each of these areas, the Clinton administration seeks to reverse the trend established in the Reagan-Bush years of increased restrictions on access to abortion and other reproductive services. Within the American medical community and among the general public, few issues are as controversial as abortion. Concern has deepened recently as violent protests and personal attacks on physicians have escalated in the wake of Clinton's decision to remove the gag rule on abortion counseling in family planning centers, and as he and Congress take up several policy initiatives: passing a freedom of
Practical instrumentation
Authors: A. T. Elliott
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The radiation detector used in almost all nuclear medicine equipment is the scintillation crystal coupled to one or more photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). When ionizing radiation interacts with a scintillator, light is emitted in a short flash or pulse, the magnitude of which is proportional to the amount of energy deposited in the scintillator by the radiation. By using a material of high atomic number, γ-rays can be detected by the light pulses due to electrons secondary to the photoelectric, Compton scattering and pair production processes; for the γ-energies encountered in nuclear medicine, the pair production process may be neglected.
Corrigendum
Journal: BMJ (1944)

MEDICALTISHRNALafter events such as the profound endocrine disturbance associated with pregnancy.It is therefore unlikely that the blood group, which is a constant factor, can have any bearing on menstrual periodicity.Teaching Cleanliness to Infants Q.-At what age should an infantt's training in cleanliness begin, how long should this take, and what are the successive steps, with dute regard to modern psycho-analytic teaching?To what extent should discipline be used, and what formTt is recommended ?A.-The subject has profound social implications, of which the questioner seems clearly aware.This answer, however, must be limited to practical points.It will be assumed that the question refers chiefly to sphincter control, and only secondarily to such
ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: William Z. Fradkin
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The article by Bacon, Bralow, and Berkley entitled "Rehabilitation and Long-Term Survival after Colectomy for Ulcerative Colitis" inThe Journal, Jan. 23, page 324, requires comment. The senior author, who has repeatedly advocated colectomy as a cure for chronic ulcerative colitis, is not the only surgeon misusing the term "cure." However, semantics is not the major issue here. The authors report on 468 patients with ulcerative colitis, 124, or 26%, of whom had colectomies and permanent ileostomies performed. The substitution of one miserable condition for another just as miserable is incomprehensible. The medical management of chronic ulcerative colitis has improved immensely during the past decade so that only rarely need a patient be subjected to colectomy with permanent ileostomy. At the Mayo Clinic, where many patients with ulcerative colitis are seen annually, only 5.5% have operations (Rogers, Bargen, and Black:<i>Gastroenterology</i>27:383 [Oct.] 1954). Kirsner and Palmer
ASSOCIATION NEWS.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, May–June 1973
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, May–June 1973 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 1, July 1973, Pages 324–326, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.1.324 Published: 01 July 1973
Aberrant “Default Mode” Functional Connectivity in Schizophrenia
Authors: Abigail Garrity
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: The “default mode” has been defined as a baseline condition of brain function and is of interest because its component brain regions are believed to be abnormal in schizophrenia. It was hypothesized that the default mode network would show abnormal activation and connectivity in patients with schizophrenia. Method: Patients with schizophrenia (N=21) and healthy comparison subjects (N=22) performed an auditory oddball task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Independent component analysis was used to identify the default mode component. Differences in the spatial and temporal aspects of the default mode network were examined in patients versus comparison subjects. Results: Healthy comparison subjects and patients had significant spatial differences in the default mode network, most notably in the frontal, anterior cingulate, and parahippocampal gyri. In addition, activity in patients in the medial frontal, temporal, and cingulate gyri correlated with severity of positive symptoms. The patients also showed significantly higher frequency fluctuations in the temporal evolution of the default mode. Conclusions: Schizophrenia is associated with altered temporal frequency and spatial location of the default mode network. The authors hypothesized that this network may be under- or overmodulated by key regions, including the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex. In addition, the altered temporal fluctuations in patients may result from a change in the connectivity of these regions with other brain networks.
Clove Cigarettes and High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Gil Rodriguez
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently, the American Lung Association issued a warning concerning the use of clove cigarettes,<sup>1</sup>and the<i>Los Angeles Times</i>reported on two cases of severe inflammatory iung disease related to clove cigarette use (Dec 4, 1984). The Centers for Disease Control has become concerned and is encouraging reporting of cases. We wish to report here a possible association of clove cigarette lung injury and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 29-year-old female skier who lived at sea level was brought to the emergency room (elevation, 2,380 m, or 7.800 ft) in extreme respiratory distress. Her history was that over the two days ana nights she had been at high altitude (2,440 to 3.350 m. or 8,000 to 11,000 ft) she had developed a headache, a dry cough, decreased exercise performance, dyspnea on exertion, and, finally, severe dyspnea at
Oxygen: the Molecule that made the World
Authors: R. Carter
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Oxygen: the Molecule that made the WorldThe word 'enthusiast' has changed in meaning over the years.In the eighteenth century, it was not wholly complimentary: 'One who vainly imagines a private revelation; one of a hot imagination or violent passions; one of elevated fancy or exalted ideas' wrote Dr Johnson in his Dictionary of 1755.Addison noted with distaste that certain religious sects displayed 'strong Tinctures of Enthusiasm'.Nick Lane is clearly an enthusiast in a modern, non-pejorative sense.What other description can you apply to an author who sets out to write about '. . .life, death and oxygen: about how and why life produced and adapted to oxygen; about the evolutionary past and future of life on Earth; about energy and health, disease and death, sex and regeneration; and about ourselves' (p.2)?All this in a book 1 that is '. . .not a catalogue of dry facts . . .rather, like science itself, it is full of quirks, experiments, oddities, speculations, hypotheses and predictions' (pp.[13][14].These two quotations are useful in that they at once indicate the ambitious scale of the book and some of the difficulties the reader may encounter.Paraphrasing and grossly reducing Lane's own aims, we may say that he pursues three huge topics-the formation of an oxygenated atmosphere, the emergence of oxygendependent organisms, and the complementary hazards of oxygen toxicity.About one-third of the way through the book, chapter five, readers may be disconcerted to find themselves no further than the carboniferous period; but by chapter fifteen they will have found extended discussions of the biochemical, biological and pathological aspects of free radicals.Much emphasis is given to ageing and to agerelated diseases.Lane necessarily draws on information from a wide range of disciplines: a list including geology, geochemistry, palaeontology, biochemistry, zoology, genetics, molecular biology and medicine is representative but by no means complete.In any one of them, experimentally described data will (self-evidently) vary enormously in terms of the methodologies by which they are derived and the extent to which they can be validated and legitimately extrapolated.Certain findings, sometimes obtained from restricted and highly contrived conditions, may prove to be compatible with other observations and come to form an evidential basis for plausible, testable theories.Cumulative weight of evidence is a familiar notion; but so, too, is the recognition of anomalies which (though securely based) do not fit into accepted schemata and may indeed eventually lead to their modification or rejection.This state of permanently
Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen: Angewandte Physiologie und funktionelle Therapie. Band 1. Theoretische Grundlagen einer funktionellen Therapie (Kapitel I-VI). Band 2. Klinik und Therapie der Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen (Kapitel VII-XIV).
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1960)
New or neglected physical signs in diagnosis of chest diseases
Authors: C. B. Rabin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

During the course of the past 35 years at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, we have made frequent use of a number of physical signs which, apparently, are not widely known. The list of these signs has grown in recent years. Since we have found them to be of considerable value in the clinical diagnosis of chest diseases, it appears advisable to call attention to them, to describe the manner in which they are elicited, and to indicate their clinical significance. Fifteen of the signs have been selected for description. These have been divided into four groups in accordance with the area or the conditions to which they refer. They relate to signs of bronchial obstruction, signs referable to the trachea, the detection of abnormalities in the neck secondary to thoracic diseases, and the recognition of clubbing of the fingers and of so-called pulmonary osteoarthropathy. <h3>Signs of</h3>
WORKSHOP: H PYLORI - GASTRITIS AND ULCER PATHOGENESIS
Authors: Pylori Moran1, K Valkonen', T Wads, P Petra, Klaus Melchers, Klaus Schifer, Wolfam Steinhilber, Byk Gulden
Journal: Gut (1995)

Binding of Helicobacter pvlori to basement membrane glycoprotein, laminin (LN), may allow the pathogen to survive in chronically amed tissue and we have previously characterized the role of H.ivlort lipopolysaccharide in this interaction.However, a second bactial adhesin, a lectin-like protein, is also involved and thus, the prsent study was undertaken to characterize the latter interaction.LN binding by strains that exhibited different adherence properties, both strongly haemagglutinating (HA) and poorly HA, were determined in liquid-phase assays with radiodinated LN.Inhibition and displacement asays were performed with bacteial preparations, carbohydrates and isolated prtns.Binding of both strongly and poorly HA strains was rapid, specific and saturable.Treatment of bacterial cell with heat and proteolytic enzymes reduced LN binding, thus confirming the contribution of proteins to binding.LN binding was inhibitable with fetuin, but not as significantly with aslalofetuin, and treatment of laminin with neuraminidase reduced binding, thereby indicating the involvement of N- acetylneuraminic (sialic) acid residues.Selected monosaccharides, constituents of sugar chains of LN, were not signifcant inhibitors of LN binding.However, N- acetylneuraminyl-aL(2*3)-3actose (NeuAc2*3Lac), but not N-acetylneuraminyl-o(42-.6)-lactose, signifintly inhibited LN binding by both strongly and poorly HA strains.These findings were confirmed in displacment experiments.In addition, outer membrane proteins wee isoated, eletroblotted onto nitrcellulose membranes, incubated with LN and bound LN was deteced by specific antisera.This procedure identified a 25 kD laminin-binding protein in all the strains.Collectively, the results suggest that both strongly and poorly HA strains posss a 25 kD lectin-like LN-binding protein, though expression of the protein differs between these strains, and the protein apparently recognizes NeuAc2-3Lac-containing oligosaccharides of LN.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is approved for patients for whom traditional AVR poses high or prohibitive risk.Omer and colleagues evaluated the early results of one the first Veteran Affairs (VA) TAVR programs, in which19 transfemoral TAVRs were performed.There was no operative (30-day) mortality and a low incidence of major morbidity.Thus, TAVR can be performed safely and with good outcomes at a VA facility with adequate expertise and resources.
Allergens and viruses act together to exacerbate asthma
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Some caution is needed in interpreting Cochrane reviewsCochrane reviews contain methodological and other weaknesses, in particular the over-rating by the reviewers in their conclusions of the benefits of new interventions.Olsen and colleagues (p 829) assessed the quality of a sample of 53 reviews first published in the Cochrane Library in 1998 and found major problems in 15.The evidence did not fully support the conclusion in nine reviews, the conduct or reporting was unsatisfactory in 12, and stylistic problems (such as errors in spelling or grammar) occurred in 12.The authors say that although the Cochrane Library remains a key source of evidence on the effects of health interventions, the reviews should be interpreted cautiously.
REPORT C. AN INVESTIGATION ON THE REGENERATION OF NERVES, WITH REGARD TO SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CERTAIN PARALYSIS
Authors: B. Kilvington
Journal: BMJ (1907)

vital action, in their intramedullary part, having lost their neurilemma, they immediately undergo degeneration.3. The first change is a primary degeneration of the myelin; axis cylinders and nerve cells are evidently affected later.It seems to us that the results of our investigations suggest the possible lymphogenous origin of some nervous affections.We know that tabetiform and cranial nerve lesions in general paralysis, and even those in tabes, are not the result of nerve-cell degeneration, but are a primary affection of the myelin sheath,, commencing where the neurilemma is lost.In our clinical cases, and also experimentally, we have found similar lesions starting at the same point, the result of absorption from a definite toxic focus situated outside the central nervous system, the toxins gaining access by the lymph stream.May it not be possible that the former lesions are also the result of toxins passing to the cord, medulla, and pons by the lymph stream from some external but as yet unknown focus ?In support of the lymphogenous theory of infec- tion, we have lately added two additional clinical cases, namely, one of chronic middle ear and mastoid disease in which the eighth nerve was markedly degenerated in its intramedullary portion; and another of multiple abscesses in the right trapezius in which the right eleventh nerve was attacked within the medulla.
Reversal of amitriptyline intoxication by physostigmine
Authors: B. D. Snyder
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THIS article illustrates the rapid reversal of coma due to amitriptyline hydrochloride overdose by the administration of physostigmine salicylate. Physostigmine is the only commonly used specific cholinesterase inhibitor that readily penetrates the blood brain barrier.<sup>1</sup> Slovis et al<sup>2</sup>reported that physostigmine rapidly restored alertness and reversed tachycardia in four patients with amitriptyline intoxication. Rumack<sup>3</sup>reported the successful use of physostigmine to treat children who became intoxicated by various agents with anticholinergic properties as well as the tricyclic antidepressants. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 27-year-old woman was admitted in coma to Martin Army Hospital on April 2, 1974. History provided by a friend indicated that after an alleged altercation with her estranged husband, the patient ingested 20 amitriptyline hydrochloride tablets (50 mg) and about 20 diazepam tablets (5 mg). When discovered by a neighbor, approximately 10 to 12 hours later, she could not be aroused. When seen
The New-Born Baby: A Manual for the Use of Midwives and Maternity Nurses
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal