tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
After the Ball Is Over
Authors: J. R. E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

Editorials1 April 1962After the Ball Is OverJ. R. E.J. R. E.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-664 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe Forty-Third Annual Session of the American College of Physicians has passed into history. The captains and kings have departed, the tents are folded, and the Arabs have quietly (or otherwise) stolen away. It is "Monday morning," and back to the workaday world. The Philadelphia hosts hope that their welcome was warm as advertized; the College hopes that the Fellows, Associates, and guests departed in a recreated and informed state.The purpose of the Annual Session is to make better doctors, to promote better medical practice. To this end a great effort has been made by the officers and committees... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 664-664KeywordsArabic people Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Fraud and Misconduct in Medical Research
Authors: David A. Kronick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The appearance, in just 2 years, of the second edition of<i>Fraud and Misconduct in Medical Research</i>(the first edition was reviewed in these pages January 26, 1994) is evidence of both continuing concern and the importance of the subject to the medical community. Stephen Lock, who accumulated substantial experience in these subjects over 16 years as editor of the<i>British Medical Journal</i>, and Frank Wells, who in addition to his responsibilities with the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry is now also the chairman of the Society of Pharmaceutical Medicine in London, continue as editors. This collection of papers is a considerably expanded discussion of the problems of fraud and misconduct in medical and biological research, although, as in the first edition, the emphasis is on clinical trials. Of the 13 essays in the first edition, eight have been amended and revised by their authors, and five have been
Association News.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of moderate alcohol intake on blood chemistry values
Authors: M. A. Carey
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The effect of moderate alcohol intake (20% of daily caloric requirement) on selected clinical chemistry values was determined in eight normal men and four normal women. When alcohol was consumed in three portions from one hour before supper to 11 PM and serum specimens were obtained between 7 AM and 8 AM the next day, there was no significant alteration in serum uric acid, lactate, pyruvate, cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, or zinc levels. Fasting blood glucose level was slightly decreased but glucose tolerance curves were not altered. Urinary zinc level was increased. Similar measurements in three subjects between 11 PM and 7 AM showed that serum lactate level increased twofold and uric acid level increased by 0.5 mg/100 ml at first but both returned to control levels by 7 AM. A decrease of 20% in blood glucose level became 6% by 7 AM.
It takes four years. A rebuttal
Authors: J. M. Garfunkel
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE COMMENTARY by Hejna<sup>1</sup>raises important questions for medical educators and particularly for those in schools that have regular or optional three-year curricula. Some of the issues raised, such as physician availability and maldistribution of medical care, are not educational in nature and require no discussion within this context. The concerns expressed regarding student stress, faculty fatigue, and the qualitative and quantitative aspects of curriculum content, however, merit further investigation and discussion. Since the last is the most significant issue, it will be addressed first. <h3>The Three-Year Curriculum</h3> We can all agree with Dr Hejna's conclusion that "the body of fundamental biomedical science continues to increase, and... the physician must understand with considerable depth both morphology and its function." One can disagree, however, with the conclusion that it is therefore "more difficult for the student to assimilate the expanding scientific material in a shortened period of time." The number of
Effect of household smoking exposure in childhood on lung cancer risk in Korea: A case-control study
Authors: J. S. Lee, C. S. Park, H. S. Kim, B. Hwangbo, J. M. Kim, E. K. Hong, Y. H. Yun, J. Y. Han, J. I. Zo, J. G. Park
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9598
Nonfunctioning kidney with calcification
Authors: A. F. White
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Dr. White: This 48-year-old man was found to have values of 1+ for albumin and 2+ for bacteria and many red blood cells (RBC) on routine urinalysis. He denied any chest, abdominal, or urinary-tract symptoms. Roentgenograms of the chest and abdomen were obtained. <h3>Discussion</h3> Dr. Joseph T. Ferrucci, Jr.: The chest is unremarkable except for a fibrotic scar or two in the upper lobe of the right lung. On the abdominal roentgenogram, the gas pattern is normal, and there is no hepatic or splenic enlargement. The renal outlines are poorly defined. The left kidney appears normal. There is a suggestion of a bulky soft-tissue mass in the lower pole of the right kidney, containing several areas of calcification. At this point I am considering a renal tumor and would like to see an intravenous urogram. Dr. White: Intravenous urography was performed, and these are representative films. Dr. Ferrucci: The urograms
A Maturation Index Defines Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients with Advanced Immunophenotypic and Molecular Differentiation Profiles Associated with Poor Prognosis
Authors: Marina Martello, Rosalinda Termini, Enrica Borsi, Vincenza Solli, Andrea Poletti, Luca Cifarelli, Lakpo Agboyi, Silvia Armuzzi, Lucia Pantani, Serena Rocchi, Katia Mancuso, Elena Zamagni, Paola Tacchetti, Mario Arpinati, Gabriella Chirumbolo, Antonella Orlando, Giulia Marzocchi, Nicoletta Testoni, Pier Luigi Luigi Zinzani, Michele Cavo, Carolina Terragna
Journal: Blood (2019)
Motexafin Gadolinium (MGd) induces apoptosis in lymphoma cell lines by redox mechanisms: Rationale for targeted radiation sensitization with 90Yttrium-zevalin/MGd in relapsed lymphoma
Authors: A. M. Evens, L. Naumovski, R. Miller, L. I. Gordon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3199 Background: MGd is a tumor-selective redox mediator that generates reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide. MGd enhances the efficacy of ionizing radiation in animal models and is in clinical trials combined with radiation for treatment of solid tumors. We now report the results of MGd activity in various lymphoma cell lines in vitro. These results provide the rationale for an ongoing phase I/II trial combining MGd with 90Yttrium-Zevalin for relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods: B-cell lines (HF-1, DHL-4, Ramos), Jurkat and HL60 were cultured in vitro +/- MGd (0–50uM). Cell growth and apoptosis were measured using Annexin-V staining. A modified Fibonacci phase I/II trial is enrolling patients with relapsed NHL to receive combination 90Yttrium-Zevalin with increasing doses of MGd. Patients receive MGd daily days 1 to 4 (with 111Indium-Zevalin) and days 8 to 11 with standard 90Yttrium-Zevalin given day 8. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to visualize selective uptake of MGd in tumors. Results: MGd inhibited growth of all cell lines by 60%–80% with an increase in apoptotic cells ranging from 20%–50%. Incubation of HF-1 cells with rituximab alone induced apoptosis in 40% of cells, which increased to over 80% with the addition of MGd. Combination 90Yttrium-Zevalin (0.4 mCi/kg) and MGd (2.5mg/kg) therapy has been well tolerated by the first cohort enrolled/treated. There is one evaluable patient who had a 60% decrease in a 6cm diffuse follicle-center scalp mass ten days following treatment. The mass completely resolved 4 weeks following therapy with associated 80% decrease in bulky follicular lymphoma abdominal disease. A day 4 noncontrast MRI of the scalp mass showed a 30% increase in MRI signal intensity (compared to a pre-MGd scan) indicating selective tumor uptake of MGd. Conclusions: MGd induces apoptosis in various lymphoma cell lines and is additive with rituximab. MGd can be given together with 90Yttrium-Zevalin to achieve targeted radiation sensitization. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pharmacyclics, Inc. Pharmacyclics, Inc. Pharmacyclics, Inc. Pharmacyclics, Inc. Pharmacyclics, Inc. Pharmacyclics, Inc. Pharmacyclics, Inc.
Chelation of Cadmium
Authors: Ole Andersen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The toxicity of cadmium is determined by chelation reactions: in vivo, Cd2+ exists exclusively in coordination complexes with biological ligands, or with administered chelating agents. The Cd2+ ion has some soft character, but it is not a typical soft ion. It has a high degree of polarizability, and its complexes with soft ligands have predominantly covalent bond characteristics. Cd2+ forms the most stable complexes with soft donor atoms (S much greater than N greater than 0). The coordination stereochemistry of Cd2+ is unusually varied, including coordination numbers from 2 to 8. Even though the Cd2+ ion is a d10 ion, disturbed coordination geometries are often seen. Generally, the stability of complexes increases with the number of coordination groups contributed by the ligand; consequently, complexes of Cd2+ with polydentate ligands containing SH groups are very stable. Cd2+ in metallothionein (MT) is coordinated with 4 thiolate groups, and the log stability constant is estimated to 25.5. Complexes between Cd2+ and low molecular weight monodentate or bidentate ligands, e.g., free amino acids (LMW-Cd), seem to exist very briefly, and Cd2+ is rapidly bound to high molecular weight proteins, mainly serum albumin. These complexes (HMW-Cd) are rapidly scavenged from blood, mainly by the liver, and Cd2+ is redistributed to MT. After about 1 day the Cd-MT complex (MT-Cd) almost exclusively accounts for the total retained dose of Cd2+, independent of the route of exposure. MT-Cd is slowly transferred to and accumulated in kidney cortex. The acute toxicity and interorgan distribution of parenterally administered Cd2+ are strongly influenced by preceding MT induction, or decreased capacity for MT synthesis; however, the gastrointestinal (GI) uptake of Cd2+ seems unaffected by preceding MT induction resulting in considerable capacity for Cd2+ chelation in intestinal mucosa, and this finding indicates that endogenous MT is not involved in Cd2+ absorption. The toxicity of parenterally administered Cd2+ is strongly enhanced when administered as complexes with NTA or STPP , but it is much decreased when administered as a complex with EDTA. In chronic oral exposure the toxicity and GI uptake of Cd2+ is not changed when Cd2+ is administered as a complex with the detergent formula chelating agents NTA, EDTA and STPP . The uptake of Cd2+ from ligated intestine in vivo was not affected by administration of Cd2+ as complexes with CYS or GSH, but significantly reduced by complexation with EDTA or BAL. The acute toxicity of orally administered Cd2+ is reduced when Cd2+ is administered as a complex with EDTA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Outbreak of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in an industrial setting
Authors: E. D. Woodard
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Symptoms consistent with hypersensitivity pneumonitis developed in several workers in two multistory buildings in an industrial complex. A health questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the extent of the problem. Eighty-seven percent of the population of 1050 employees completed the health questionnaire. Serological testing identified 152 positive precipitin reactors to the fungus<i>Aureobasidium pullulans</i>; 115 reactors were symptomatic. The clinical and laboratory features at the time of the acute illness and during four years of follow-up are described. The agent,<i>A pullulans</i>, was identified as a contaminant of the heating-cooling ventilation units containing open water-spray chambers. Control was accomplished by replacement of the ventilation systems. A secondary source of antigen was found to be corrugated cardboard. Some sensitized employees required removal from work exposure to corrugated cardboard to prevent recurrent symptoms. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:1965-1969)
Effect of High-Dose Glucocorticoid Therapy on Mortality in Patients with Clinical Signs of Systemic Sepsis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We conducted a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of early short-term, high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate in 223 patients with clinical signs of systemic sepsis and a normal sensorium (112 received glucocorticoid and 111 placebo). Patients also received antibiotics and intravenous fluids. Glucocorticoid or placebo was administered intravenously by a bolus (30 mg per kilogram of body weight over 15 minutes) followed by infusion of 5 mg per kilogram per hour for nine hours, the average time between the diagnosis of sepsis and infusion was 2.8 hours. The principal end point was 14-day mortality, which was similar in the placebo (22 percent) and glucocorticoid (21 percent) groups (P = 0.97). Mortality was also not significantly different between those receiving placebo and those receiving glucocorticoid in subgroups with evidence of sepsis (21 vs. 19 percent), gram-negative bacteremia (27 vs. 7 percent), gram-positive bacteremia (18 vs. 26 percent), or all gram-negative infections (25 vs. 17 percent). Resolution of secondary infection within 14 days was significantly higher in patients receiving placebo (12 of 23) than in those receiving glucocorticoid (3 of 16) (P = 0.03), but mortality rates were similar in both treatment groups for those with unresolved infection (36 vs. 31 percent). We conclude that early high-dose glucocorticoid therapy does not reduce mortality significantly in patients with systemic sepsis who have a normal sensorium, and therefore should not be used as adjunctive therapy. (N Engl J Med 1987; 317:659–65.)
Water, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance: Normal and Pathologic Physiology as a Basis for Therapy.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1954)

Of interest are the 14 pages devoted to neurasthenia and neurosis in relation to pelvic disorders.This book is intended as a companion volume to "Mid- wifery by Ten Teachers" and as a consequence there are numerous cross-references to the latter book.This makes it somewhat mandatory to have both volumes at one's dis- posal when making a serious study of the context.However, the present book may be recommended for the purpose intended, that is, the use of medical students and young practitioners.
Mutations in the hepatitis B virus precore/core gene and core promoter in patients with severe recurrent disease following liver transplantation
Authors: J McMillan
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Recurrent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major problem in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Previously, we reported that infection with HBV strains containing a mutation in the precore region (G-to-A at nucleotide 1896) was associated with severe recurrent disease posttransplantation. In this study we investigated other mutations in the precore/core gene and core promoter which may be associated with this severe recurrence. The precore/core gene and core promoter of HBV from pre and posttransplantation sera of 15 patients with HBV recurrence were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Pre and posttransplant sequences were very similar for each patient. HBV from patients who developed severe recurrence had significantly more mutations in both the nucleotide (P < .05) and predicted amino acid (P < .05) sequences of the precore/core gene, but not in the core promoter, than virus from patients with mild recurrence. There was also an apparent link between severe disease and HBV strains of genotype D (P < .05). The number of nucleotide and amino acid mutations in the precore/core gene was strongly associated with the presence of the precore mutation (P < .01). Mutations were found throughout the entire gene, however, at the amino acid level clustering was observed in the B- and helper T-cell epitopes as well as nuclear localization signals. In the encapsidation signal, nucleotide mutations were found that were predicted to increase the stability of the stem-loop structure. Overall, our data shows that genotype D and accumulated mutations throughout the HBV precore/core gene, but not core promoter, were associated with severe recurrent disease posttransplantation. These mutations were strongly linked to the presence of the precore mutation at nucleotide position 1896 and may contribute to the poor outcome in these patients.
Primary Spondylitis
Authors: W. PAUL  HOLBROOK, ROBERT M.  STECHER, EDWARD M.  HAYDEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 April 1933Primary SpondylitisW. PAUL HOLBROOK, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROBERT M. STECHER, M.D., EDWARD M. HAYDEN, M.D.W. PAUL HOLBROOK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT M. STECHER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EDWARD M. HAYDEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-10-1327 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn approaching the study of spondylitis, or arthritis of the spine, one may properly ask that its relation to the large group of chronic arthritide be defined.Any discussion of chronic arthritis is at present most confusing because of the numerous classifications and the many variations in terminology. Classifications now in use are, in general, based upon etiological or pathological suppositions. Etiological classifications can be of little help, as no single factor has definitely been proved to be the specific causative agent. One needs to recall but a few of the present affirmed etiological factors to realize that chronic arthritis... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tucson, Arizona*Accepted for publication April 26, 1932.†The Desert Sanatorium and Institute of Research, Tucson, Arizona. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1933Volume 6, Issue 10Page: 1327-1334KeywordsArthritisSpineSpondylitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mutations in the insulin receptor gene
Authors: S. I. Taylor
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1992)

THE insulin receptor is a cell surface glycoprotein that mediates the action of insulin upon target cells. The receptor was originally identified by its ability to bind the hormone (1–3). Over the past two decades, considerable progress has been made in defining the structure of the receptor molecule (4–7) as well as the biochemical mechanism by which it mediates insulin action (8–10). In addition, the insulin receptor has been identified as a target for pathological processes in human disease. In this review, we describe mutations in the insulin receptor gene that have been identified in patients with genetic forms of insulin resistance (6). Identification of these mutations has elucidated the molecular mechanisms that cause disease in these patients. In addition, the mutations have provided significant insights into the structure and function of the insulin receptor. The human insulin receptor gene contains 22 exons, and occupies in excess of 150 kilobase pairs of DNA on the short arm of chromosome 19 (bands pl3.2→pl3.3) (11, 12). Typical of a "housekeeping" type of promoter, the promoter is GC-rich, lacks a TATA box, but contains several Spl binding sites (11, 13–16). In addition, an enhancer element has been identified 410–481 base pairs (bp) upstream from the initiator AUG codon (16). Several potential CAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) binding sites have been identified in the human insulin receptor gene, two in the 5'-flanking domain and one in the first intron (17). The precise importance of these various potential regulatory sites has not been completely elucidated. In addition, it seems likely there are other regulatory sites in the gene that remain to be identified.
Best reviewers 2017 awards
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Excellent reviewers are essential to the success of any journal and peer review is the major pillar of science. A special thanks goes to the top five reviewers who will receive the 2017 award for their contribution to our journal last year. These five reviewers were selected because they ranked highest on a score based on number, quality and time taken to review. The awards will be presented during the “Friends of Endoscopy reception” at ESGE Days 2018. On behalf of the editorial team, I look forward to meeting all reviewers and editorial board members later this month in Budapest.
Group Practice
Authors: Edwin P. Jordan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THE term "group practice" cannot be strictly defined. Regardless of description wide variations in size, mode of practice, structure, location and other features are encountered.One definition1 is as follows:. . . group medicine consists of a group of physicians and dentists who combine their professional services, skills and financial resources to practice the prevention and treatment of disease. These practitioners use common office facilities and professional equipment. They employ in common subsidiary personnel for administrative and clinical purposes.Another2 considers group practice a formal association of three or more physicians providing services in more than one medical field . . .