tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 477: Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Modulates Cardiac Function via Neuropeptide Y and Neuropeptide Y Receptor 1 Signalling
Authors: Lejla Medzikovic, Cindy P van Roomen, Antonius Baartscheer, Esther E Creemers, Carol Ann Remme, Karin Arkenbout, Carlie J de Vries, Vivian de Waard
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Cardiac function is modulated by the sympathetic nervous system via catecholamines released from cardiac sympathetic nerve endings and adrenal chromaffin cells. The co-transmitter Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is co-released with catecholamines and also modulates cardiac function. NPY has previously been reported as an independent predictor of mortality in heart failure patients. In experimental models, NPY induces cardiac hypertrophy and elevates cardiomyocyte intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations and Ca 2+ -dependent signalling. However, not much is known yet about the upstream regulation of NPY in the context of cardiac function modulation. Interestingly, a robust upregulation of NPY gene expression has been reported in macrophages lacking the nuclear receptor Nur77. We have shown that Nur77 deficiency in mice leads to alterations in cardiomyocyte Ca 2+ homeostasis and adverse cardiac remodelling in response to isoproterenol. As these effects may be explained by enhanced NPY action in Nur77-deficient (Nur77-KO) mice, we hypothesized that Nur77 is a regulator of NPY. We now show that Nur77 down-regulates NPY expression in and secretion from sympathetic cells in vitro . Furthermore, NPY levels are significantly higher in blood plasma and hearts from Nur77-KO compared to wildtype mice. Antagonism of NPY receptor 1 (NPY1R) attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and elevated cardiomyocyte Ca 2+ responses caused by Nur77 deficiency. Interestingly, cardiomyocyte-specific Nur77-deficient mice also exhibit elevated cardiomyocyte Ca 2+ levels, which is partially reduced by NPY1R antagonism, even though plasma and cardiac NPY levels are similar to control mice. In conclusion, the transcription factor Nur77 regulates cardiac function both via systemic mechanisms and in cardiomyocytes intrinsically, via NPY/NPY1R modulation. These results imply a novel role for Nur77 as a potential modifier gene in heart failure.
Abstract 3778: Racial and Ethnic Differences in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Outside of Published Guidelines
Authors: Steven A Farmer, James N Kirkpatrick, Paul A Heidenreich, Jeptha P Curtis, Yongfei Wang, Peter W Groeneveld
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective Ethnic and racial disparities in cardiac care may partially result from over-provision of care among white patients. We hypothesized that whites were more likely than blacks and Hispanics to receive cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) devices outside of ACC/AHA/HRS guidelines. Methods We analyzed 01/2005– 04/2007 data from the ACC-National Cardiovascular Data Registry for implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). We identified white, black and Hispanic patients who received CRT-D. We then fit a multivariable hierarchical logistic regression model with full ACC/AHA/HRS guideline concordance (QRS duration &gt;=0.12 ms, LVEF &lt;&lt;26&gt;35%, and class III or IV CHF) as a binary outcome. Independent variables included race/ethnicity, age, gender, cardiomyopathy etiology, duration of CHF, LVEF, blood pressure, QRS duration/morphology, prior coronary revascularization, atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, renal failure, and pulmonary disease. Results Of 108,341 registry patients, 39,088 CRT-D recipients were selected, including 33,310 (85%) non-Hispanic whites, 3,963 (10%) non-Hispanic blacks, and 1,815 (5%) Hispanics. Among all CRT-D recipients, univariate analyses indicated 9,430 (24%) patients lacked 1 CRT-D criterion, 1,840 (5%) patients lacked 2 criteria, and 217 (1%) patients lacked all 3 criteria. Specifically, 2,271 (6%) had an LVEF &gt;35%, 6,758 (17%) had class I/II CHF, and 4,732 (12%) had a QRS duration &lt;0.12 ms. In multivariate analyses, blacks (odds ratio [OR] 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04 –1.23; p=0.004) and Hispanics (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.97–1.24; p=0.13) were more likely to meet all 3 CRT-D eligibility criteria than non-Hispanic whites. Conclusions After multivariate adjustment, we observed greater guideline-concordant use of CRT-D among blacks and Hispanics than among non-Hispanic whites. Although it is possible that patients receiving CRT-D outside of published guidelines had other compelling clinical findings unrecorded in the registry, such as echocardiographic evidence of dyssynchrony, our findings suggest that racial and ethnic differences in CRT-D partially may be due to over-provision of this technology among white patients.
Psychiatrists set to approve DSM-IV
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A NEW diagnostic manual slated for final approval this week marks perhaps the most rigorous attempt yet to base psychiatric practice on hard science. Soft science and even what critics say is non-science have plagued psychiatry ever since Sigmund Freud first asserted that women who reported being sexually abused were merely suffering from "penis envy." "More than any other nomenclature of mental disorders,<i>DSM-IV</i>(<i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition</i>) is grounded in empirical evidence," says Allen J. Frances, MD, chair, Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Frances chairs the American Psychiatric Association's 27-member task force that has worked with some 1000 advisers over 5 years, conducting 150 reviews of the scientific literature, 50 data reanalyses with funding from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (Chicago, Ill), and 12 field trials to evaluate diagnostic criteria. Those trials, funded by the National Institute
Health Risks from Increases in Methylmercury Exposure
Authors: N. Karle Mottet, Cheng-Mei Shaw, Thomas M. Burbacher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Our present knowledge of the human health effects of methylmercury exposure is derived from study of major outbreaks of human poisonings in Japan and Iraq and experimental studies on primates. Methylmercury readily passes through such physiological barriers as the blood-brain barrier, blood-testes barrier, and the placenta. Its major pathological effects are on the nervous and reproductive systems and the developing embryo/fetus. The neurotoxicity of methylmercury is well established in both humans and non-human primates. Lesions in the cerebral and cerebellar gray matter consist of necrosis and lysis of neurons, phagocytosis and gliosis. The changes are most prominent in the deep sulci and may have a vascular component. A late effect is cerebral atrophy. At high dose levels the liver, kidneys, and other organs may also have degenerative changes. Although not yet described in humans, a major effect of exposure of female primates is an adverse effect on pregnancy. Maternal female M. fascicularis blood mercury levels above 1 ppm are associated with a decreased pregnancy rate and increased abortion rate. To date our experimental data lack sufficient numbers to detect infrequent pregnancy effects below 1 ppm. Preliminary studies also reveal that methylmercury may also decrease the number and function (swim speed) of sperm. Both human and primate studies demonstrate deleterious effects of methylmercury on the developing embryo/fetus. Autopsies on human and primate infants reveal retarded brain development and the occurrence of a cerebral palsy-like behavior in the newborns, whereas the mother may be free of signs and symptoms of methylmercury toxicity. The fetal blood level of mercury is higher than the maternal level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Occupational Hazard Rate
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In This Issue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Blazing a trail to TRALITransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a major problem in transfusion medicine and has emerged as the leading cause of death from a blood transfusion.There is a lack of mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of transfusion-related acute lung injury, primarily due to the absence of an in vivo model.Looney and colleagues now describe a new in vivo mouse model of transfusion-related acute lung injury (pages 1615-1623).Transfusion of an MHC I mAb into BALB/c mice produced acute lung injury with increased excess lung water, increased lung vascular and lung epithelial permeability, and decreased alveolar fluid clearance.Half of the mice died 2 hours after antibody administration.Within those 2 hours, neutrophil sequestration in the lung microvasculature occurred concomitantly with acute peripheral blood neutropenia.Depletion of neutrophils protected mice from the lung injury.While FcRγ -/-mice were resistant to lung injury, adoptive transfer of wild-type neutrophils into the FcRγ -/-animals restored susceptibility to TRALI.With their clinically relevant in vivo mouse model of TRALI, the authors therefore suggest that the mechanism of lung injury is dependent on neutrophils and their Fcγ receptors.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Smoking Cessation Intervention Among People With a Psychotic Disorder
Authors: Amanda Baker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: Despite extremely high rates of smoking among individuals with psychotic disorders and the associated financial and health costs, few studies have investigated the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions among this group. The purpose of this study was to compare an integrated psychological and nicotine replacement therapy intervention for people with a psychotic disorder with routine care alone. Method: The authors recruited 298 regular smokers with a psychotic disorder residing in the community and randomly assigned them to a routine care comparison condition (N=151) or an eight-session, individually administered smoking cessation intervention (N=147), which consisted of nicotine replacement therapy, motivational interviewing, and cognitive behavior therapy. Outcome variables included continuous and point-prevalence abstinence rates, smoking reduction status, and changes in symptoms and functioning. Results: While there were no overall differences between the treatment group and comparison group in abstinence rates, a significantly higher proportion of smokers who completed all treatment sessions stopped smoking at each of the follow-up occasions (point-prevalence rates: 3 months, 30.0% versus 6.0%; 6 months, 18.6% versus 4.0%; and 12 months, 18.6% versus 6.6%). Smokers who completed all treatment sessions were also more likely to have achieved continuous abstinence at 3 months (21.4% versus 4.0%). There was a strong dose-response relationship between treatment session attendance and smoking reduction status, with one-half of those who completed the intervention program achieving a 50% or greater reduction in daily cigarette consumption across the follow-ups, relative to less than one-fifth of the comparison subjects. There was no evidence of any associated deterioration in symptoms or functioning. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the utility of a nicotine replacement therapy plus motivational interviewing/cognitive behavior therapy smoking cessation intervention among individuals with a psychotic disorder. Further development of more efficacious interventions is required for those who do not respond to existing interventions.
THE BACTERIAL ACTION OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
测试一种可能的新的疥疮诊断方法
Authors: P. Delaunay, A.L. Hérisé, L. Hasseine, C. Chiaverini, A. Tran, C. Mary, P. Del Giudice, P. Marty, M. Akhoundi, T. Hubiche
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

这项研究来自一个由法国不同中心的人员组成的团体, 其研究了一种新的无创(不以任何方式伤害皮肤)疥疮诊断方法。 疥疮是由螨虫(有时称为疥螨)引起的侵染, 其钻入人类皮肤中导致高度瘙痒的皮疹。此疾病发生在儿童和老年人中, 但其可能影响任何年龄的人群, 而且可在人群中传播。 它很难诊断, 因为主要方法是从皮肤表面上采集刮屑, 或者使用皮肤镜(表面显微镜)仔细检查皮肤; 两种技术都需要技术和解释。 本研究中讨论的新检查是基于称为聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 的快速诊断技术, 其用于识别皮肤材料中感染性生物体(在此是指寄生虫)的基因代码或 DNA 的特定片段。 这种技术应用简单, 使用湿拭子在受影响部位轻轻刷涂, 然后进行 PCR 分析。在本研究中,约 38% 已使用皮肤镜检查证实的疥疮感染患者在新检查中应答结果呈阳性(即显示患有疥疮)。没有疥疮感染的患者在 PCR 检测中均未呈阳性。 这是开发潜在有用诊断技术的第一步。虽然需要提高准确性, 但它可能成为一种开始调查潜在疥疮爆发的有用工具, 以及将来对个别患者进行快速准确诊断的有用工具。 This summary relates to the study: 疥疮聚合酶链反应与标准化干燥皮肤采样。
The Cover
Authors: Burton C. Einspruch
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leg symptoms do not correlate with varicose veins
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Leg symptoms do not correlate with varicose veinsSurgery for varicose veins costs the NHS £400-600m a year yet there is little evidence that it reduces lower limb symptoms.In the Edinburgh vein study (p 353) men and women aged 18-64 completed a questionnaire on the presence of lower limb symptoms and were examined to determine the presence and extent of trunk varices.Women were significantly more likely than men to report heaviness or tension, swelling, aching, restless legs, cramps, and itching.The level of agreement between the presence of symptoms and trunk varices was low, especially in men.These results suggest that, even in the presence of trunk varices, most leg symptoms have a non-venous cause and that surgery is unlikely to ameliorate them.
Subject Index
Authors: Lennart Melin, Vappu Viemerö, Christina Krause, Maurizio Fava, Meridith A. Rankin, Jonathan E. Alpert, Andrew A. Nierenberg, John J. Worthington, Christina Hägnebo, Gerhard Andersson, Giovanni A. Fava, Antonella Montanari, Johan Lökk, Lena Hillert, Birgitta Kolmodin Hedman, Barbro F. Dölling, Bengt B. Arnetz
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1998)

s disease
SQUINT.
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 728: Genomic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma precursor lesions
Authors: Michael K. Asiedu, Nanette R. Reed, Marie Christine Aubry, Anja C. Roden, Dennis A. Wigle
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Adenocarcinoma of the lung is the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer and is the subtype found in approximately 50% of all lung cancer cases. Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) are thought to be precursor lesions of invasive disease. It has been hypothesized that there is a step-wise progression to lung adenocarcinoma, but little is known about genomic alterations in these precursor lesions. Methods: Genomic analysis including whole genome and exome sequencing, and SNP array analysis were performed on 9 AIS and 18 MIA pathologically confirmed samples to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs), structural variations and copy number variations. Mutation significance and signature analysis were determined by MutSig and NMF analyses. Altered pathways were determined by Ingenuity variant effect pathway analysis. Results: The tumor mutation burden (TMB) for AIS and MIA ranged from 0.8 to 23.1 mut/Mb with a median of 3.0mut/Mb and a mean of 5.1mut/Mb. Highly mutated genes identified in AIS and MIA were RPL10, NBPF1, KRAS, GPR52, CAMK2A, ATOX1, STK11, TP53, MET and EGFR. Genes with recurrent mutations included SPTA1, USH2A, CACNA1E, EGFR, KRAS, MUC16, MUC17, OTOG, RYR2, COL20A1, CSMD3, RFX6 and XIRP2, which implicated pathways involving the EGFR-KRAS-TP53-MAPK axis. Somatic mutations were characterized by a C&amp;gt;T, T&amp;gt;C transitions and C&amp;gt;A transversion signature. There were comparable structural variations in the AIS cases compared to MIA. Conclusion: In contrast to hypothesized models of tumor progression, AIS and MIA can harbor significant genomic alterations and tumor mutation burden, which suggests an intriguing concept of immunotherapeutic options for either treatment or chemoprevention. Deregulation of EGFR-KRAS-TP53-MAPK pathway indicates a role in early events of carcinogenesis. Citation Format: Michael K. Asiedu, Nanette R. Reed, Marie Christine Aubry, Anja C. Roden, Dennis A. Wigle. Genomic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma precursor lesions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 728.
Inheritance of hypertension.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersDuodenal Ulcer: Follow up of controlled trial of elective surgery five to eight years later showed that vagoromy with antrectomy and subtotal gastrectomy gave superior results to vagotomy with gastroenterostomy, although difference was not statistically significant (p. 781).Further work on the iunmediate outcome and two-year results confirmed previous findings, and estab- lished that vagotomy with pyloroplasty gave poorer results than other procedures (p. 787).Leader at p. 776.Barbiturate Poisoning: Forced diuresis is of value when barbiturates that are excreted unchanged in the urine have been taken, but not when poisoning is due to the shorter-acting barbiturates (p. 790).Renal Anomalies: Dysplasia and arterial anomalies demonstrated in many members of one family, and strong history of hypertension or toxaemia of pregnancy associated with these findings (p. 793).Leader this page.Thiazides and Metabolism: Possibility of latent diabetes should be considered when treating hypertensive patients with chlorthalidone and ethacrynic acid, since both diuretics are shown to disturb carbohydrate metabolism (p. 798).Lysergide and Chromosomes: Increased fre- quency of chromosomal gaps and breaks found in patients treated with lysergide (p. 801); Leader at p. 778.Adrenocortical Response: In two patients with pituitary lesions intravenous ethanol did not produce rise in plasma cortisol, implying that normal ethanol effect is mediated through pituitary (p.804).Blood Flow in A-V Shunts: This varies with position of limb and changes in blood pressure (p.806).Annular Pancreas: African patient satisfactorily treated for this rare congenital anomaly (p. 808).