tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Public hospitals often face unmet capital needs, underfunding, uncompensated patient-care costs
Authors: E. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ACCORDING TO THE 1986 edition of the American Hospital Association's<i>Hospital Statistics</i>, in 1985 there were 1616 state and local government-owned short-term general and "other" (excluding tuberculosis, respiratory disease, and psychiatric) hospitals in the United States. Their average occupancy was 62.8%—not significantly different from the national average for all hospitals. Although there were only seven public tuberculosis and respiratory disease hospitals left in the country, there were still 34 state and local short-term psychiatric facilities and 226 state and local long-term psychiatric hospitals. Public hospitals continue to struggle with the burden of patients for whose care reimbursement is inadequate or nonexistent. A report by Dun &amp; Bradstreet Credit Services in 1986 found that "state, county, and municipal hospitals saw the sharpest revenue drop of all [health care] industry segments" in 1985 (News at Deadline,<i>Hospitals</i>, 1986; 60[Nov 5]:17). A1985 joint study by the AHA and the Urban Institute found that
Developmental Patterns of Coronary and Aortic Atherosclerosis in Young Negroes of Haiti and the United States.
Authors: Dale Groom
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Developmental Patterns of Coronary and Aortic Atherosclerosis in Young Negroes of Haiti and the United States.Dale Groom, M.D., F.A.C.P., Edward E. McKee, M.D., Verginaud Pean, M.D., Edith Hudicourt, M.D.Dale Groom, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Edward E. McKee, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Verginaud Pean, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Edith Hudicourt, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-710_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPathologic studies of adult Negroes of Haiti and of the same race in the United States have shown a major difference in severity of coronary atherosclerosis at all age decades above 20, with little or no difference in degree of aortic atherosclerosis. To determine how early in life this disparity in the development of coronary disease appears in the two populations was the goal of the present investigation. Hearts and aortas were obtained from 190 routine autopsies of Haitian and American Negroes from 30 years to infancy. Coronary arteries were meticulously dissected then graded on a scale of 0 to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Dale Groom, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Edward E. McKee, M.D.; Verginaud Pean, M.D.; Edith Hudicourt, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 710-710KeywordsAortaAtherosclerosisAutopsyCoronary arteriesHeartPopulation statisticsRacial and ethnic issuesStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
DISTRIBUTION OF NICOTINIC ACID IN FOODS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disseminated herpes simplex infection in a neonate during prophylaxis with vidarabine
Authors: H. M. Feder
Journal: JAMA (1988)

HERPES simplex virus (HSV) can cause overwhelming neonatal infection even when antiviral therapy is initiated at the first sign of illness.<sup>1-3</sup>Thus, antiviral prophylaxis has been recommended for high-risk neonates,<sup>1,3</sup>including those delivered vaginally or by See also pp 1051,1056, and 1067. cesarean section (after membranes have been ruptured for more than four hours) to mothers with primary HSV genital infections.<sup>4</sup>This case report describes a high-risk neonate who developed disseminated HSV infection despite antiviral prophylaxis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 24-year-old woman presented to the hospital 24 hours after rupture of membranes. She was at term and had been followed up for 32 weeks in the obstetrics clinic. She had had intercourse seven days before rupture of membranes. She had no history of HSV infection and no known exposure to HSV. On admission, her only complaint was vaginal pain and burning of two days' duration. Physical
Lumbar Puncture. Its Anatomical and Physiological Relations, Technique, Methods of Investigation, Diagnostic Value and Therapeutical Applications. With an Appendix on Encephalography and Puncture of the Cisterna.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metallothionein in the Extracellular Fluids as an Index of Cadmium Toxicity
Authors: Zahir A. Shaikh, Kimiko Hirayama
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

In rats injected with 5 micron mole CdCl2/kg, 5 days/week, metallothionein was detected in plasma by gel filtration chromatography as early as four weeks. The mean renal concentration of cadmium was 80 microgram/g. The excretion of cadmium in urine at this time was rather low and amounted to 0.01% of the total dose. The amount of metallothionein in plasma, as determined by 109Cd-binding to the 10,000 molecular weight fraction, increased markedly during week 14. Its excretion in urine, however, did not start until about 10 weeks, when the cadmium concentration in kidney approached a mean value of 212 microgram/g. Signs of renal toxicity were evident from glucosuria and proteinuria which became severe during the next four weeks. The excretion of cadmium in urine increased markedly and the majority of it was in the form of metallothionein. It is suggested that the appearance of metallothionein in plasma and urine can be used as specific indices of cadmium poisoning and that the assay of the protein in these fluids may be useful in screening for excessive cadmium exposure.
More Testing, Treatment Needed to Achieve National HIV Targets
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toward Less Misleading Comparisons of Uncertain Risks: The Example of Aflatoxin and Alar
Authors: Adam M. Finkel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Critics of comparative risk assessment (CRA), the increasingly common practice of juxtaposing disparate risks for the purpose of declaring which one is the "larger" or the "more important," have long focused their concern on the difficulties in accommodating the qualitative differences among risks. To be sure, people may disagree vehemently about whether "larger" necessarily implies "more serious," but the attention to this aspect of CRA presupposes that science can in fact discern which of two risks has the larger statistical magnitude. This assumption, encouraged by the indiscriminate calculation of risk ratios using arbitrary point estimates, is often incorrect: the fact that environmental and health risks differ in unknown quantitative respects is at least as important a caution to CRA as the fact that risks differ in known qualitative ways. To show how misleading CRA can be when uncertainty is ignored, this article revisits the claim that aflatoxin contamination of peanut butter was "18 times worse" than Alar contamination of apple juice. Using Monte Carlo simulation, the number 18 is shown to lie within a distribution of plausible risk ratios that ranges from nearly 400:1 in favor of aflatoxin to nearly 40:1 in the opposite direction. The analysis also shows that the "best estimates" of the relative risk of aflatoxin to Alar are much closer to 1:1 than to 18:1. The implications of these findings for risk communication and individual and societal decision-making are discussed, with an eye toward improving the general practice of CRA while acknowledging that its outputs are uncertain, rather than abandoning it for the wrong reasons.
OC-042 Sensitivity Of Annual Faecal Immunochemical Tests For Haemoglobin (fit) For Detecting Advanced Neoplasia In Patients Undergoing Three-yearly Surveillance Colonoscopy – The Fit For Follow-up Study
Authors: E MacRae, A Brenner, J Martin, S Pearson, C Piggott, H Bowyer, G Vart, C von Wagner, J Wardle, S Halloran, W Atkin
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> With increasing demand for colonoscopy in the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) in England, there is a need for effective non-colonoscopic approaches to surveillance. We have undertaken a study to compare the sensitivity and specificity of a faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin (FIT) annually for three years with colonoscopy surveillance, in patients diagnosed with intermediate-risk adenomas following a positive faecal occult blood test in the BCSP. <h3>Methods</h3> Participants are invited to complete a FIT (OC-SENSOR, Eiken Chemical Co. Ltd.) annually while awaiting their first surveillance colonoscopy. Those testing positive (&gt;40 µg Hb/g faeces) are invited to have their three-year colonoscopy brought forward, while those testing negative are sent another FIT a year later until they have completed three rounds of testing. We aim to determine the sensitivity of FIT in detecting colorectal cancer or advanced adenomas (≥10 mm, or with tubulovillous or villous histology, or with high-grade dysplasia), using colonoscopy as the reference standard. <h3>Results</h3> We invited 8009 people to participate in the study, of whom 5840 (72.9%) consented. The positivity rate in Round 1 was 5.8% (336/5840). To date, 265/303 (87.5%) have had an early colonoscopy: 62/265 (23.4%) had advanced adenomas and five (1.9%) had cancer. 33/336 (9.8%) declined an early colonoscopy. To date, in Round 2 we have invited 2800 patients who tested FIT negative in Round 1: 2560 (91.4%) completed a second FIT and 115/2560 (4.5%) tested positive. 85/106 (80.2%) have received an early colonoscopy: 13/85 (15.3%) had advanced adenomas and two (2.4%) had cancer. 9/115 (7.8%) declined an early colonoscopy. A total of 2445 participants had negative FIT tests in Rounds 1 and 2 and will be invited to complete a final FIT, prior to their surveillance colonoscopy. Satisfaction with the study was high among those who completed a questionnaire, with 95.4% (4177/4378) of FIT-negative and 91% (203/223) of FIT-positive participants in Round 1 stating that they would complete another kit in future. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Compliance with the study was high, and the majority of participants reported that they would use FIT again. Almost a quarter (23.4%) of patients in Round 1 who had an early colonoscopy had advanced adenomas, falling to 15.3% in Round 2. Round 2 is ongoing, with Round 3 starting in January 2014. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Inactivation of Skin-Sensitizing Antibodies of Human Allergy by Thiols
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 99: Retrospective Analysis of Kawasaki Disease Patients Resistant to Second Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Authors: Minako Ono, Tomoyuki Miyamoto, Tetsuharu Nagamoto, Kataharu Sumi, Yoshinori Murashima, Ryusuke Sato, Ari Iwaoka, Yoko Santo, Yoko Mouri, Takeshi Mouri
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: This retrospective analysis aimed to identify the risk factors of Kawasaki disease (KD) resistant to second intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIG) and design the score system discerning IVIG resistant patients in acute phase. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients admitted to Children’s Medical Center, Yokosuka General Hospital Uwamachi with the diagnosis of KD during 2011 to 2013. In total 127 patients, 116 patients received IVIG and of 92 patients were respondent for initial course of IVIG. Rest of 17 patients received second course of IVIG and of 7 patients were resistant to second course of IVIG. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that serum sodium concentration &lt;131 mEq/L (odds ratio[OR]=7.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.470-37.564), serum albumin concentration &lt;3.0 g/dl (OR=7.00, 95% CI=1.109-44.195), age less than six months (OR=8.25, 95% CI=1.615-42.146), and white blood cell count &lt;9000/μ (OR=6.29, 95% CI=1.309-30.191) were associated with risk factors of resistant to second IVIG. Designed the score system on the basis of these four factors, we could estimate the failure to second IVIG and its accuracy was 95.3%. Conclusion: The score system based on easy and simple clinical factors might be useful for estimating the patients resistant to second IVIG and improve those patients’ further treatment.
Diagnostic Problems: Guest Editorial
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemical Contamination of Water Supplies
Authors: Carl M. Shy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Man-made organic chemicals have been found in drinking water for many years. Their numbers and varieties increase as our analytical capabilities improve. The identified chemicals comprise 10 to 20% of the total organic matter present. These are volatile or low molecular weight compounds which are easily identified. Many of them are carcinogenic or mutagenic. Chlorinated compounds have been found in untreated well water at levels up to 21,300 micrograms/L and are generally present at higher levels in chlorine-treated water than in untreated water. Aggregate risk studies for cancer are summarized. The most common sites are: bladder, stomach, colon, and rectum. Such studies cannot be linked to individual cases. However, they are useful for identifying exposed populations for epidemiologic studies. Five case-control studies were reviewed, and significant associations with water quality were found for: bladder cancer in two studies, colon cancer in three and rectal cancer in four. A large study by the National Cancer Institute found that there had been a change in the source of raw water for 50% of the persons in one area between the years 1955 and 1975. Such flaws in the data may preclude finding a causal relation between cancer and contaminants in drinking water. Large case-control and cohort studies are needed because of the low frequency of the marker diseases, bladder and rectal cancer. Cohort studies may be precluded by variations in the kinds of water contaminants. Definitive questions about these issues are posed for cooperative effort and resolution by water chemists, engineers, and epidemiologists.
Advances in Cardiology
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Survey suggests rise in health habit complacency
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THERE are signs that some Americans may be slipping in their healthy habits. Although there appears to be a 20-year trend toward a healthier life-style including reduced smoking, more exercise, and dietary changes, there are some indications to the contrary now from a new survey by Louis Harris and Associates, Washington, DC. For 10 years, Harris has surveyed American health habits annually. The latest survey, done in December and released last month, consists of telephone interviews with 1251 randomly selected adults across the United States. Over the years, many of the questions and survey procedures have remained the same, Haris says, so that the answers can be compared. The new survey, which cost $75000, was sponsored by Baxter International Inc, Deerfield, Ill. William Friedewald, MD, formerly chief, Disease Prevention Office, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, and now with Metropolitan Life Insurance Co, New York, NY, notes that the Harris
Cover Image, Volume 40, Issue 1
Authors: MeiHua Wan, Bo Ning, Sarah Spiegel, Christopher J. Lyon, Tony Y. Hu
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2019)

Description of the front cover image: The cover image is based on the REVIEW ARTICLE Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs): how to avoid the sting in the tail by MeiHua Wan et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21623. Credit: Cover image Â© Bo Ning Images.