tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Case of Cryptococcal Infection in a Patient with an Abnormal Immune System and a Pet Cockatoo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients1 February 2000A Case of Cryptococcal Infection in a Patient with an Abnormal Immune System and a Pet CockatooSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-3-200002010-00032 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungus that causes infection in people with abnormal immune systems. Among other things, the immune system helps the body fight off infection. Experts believe that people can become infected with cryptococcus when they breathe in spores of the fungus. Spores can be found in soil and in bird droppings, but nobody had yet described a case where infection was shown to spread directly from a bird to a person.Why did the researchers do this particular study?The researchers encountered a case of cryptococcal ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Evidence of Zoonotic Transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a Pet Cockatoo to an Immunocompromised Patient.” It is in the 1 February 1999 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 132, pages 205-208). The authors are J.D. Nosanchuk, S. Shoham, B.C. Fries, D.S. Shapiro, S.M. Levitz, and A. Casadevall.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEvidence of Zoonotic Transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a Pet Cockatoo to an Immunocompromised Patient Joshua D. Nosanchuk , Shmuel Shoham , Bettina C. Fries , Daniel S. Shapiro , Stuart M. Levitz , and Arturo Casadevall Metrics Cited byDivalent Metal Cations Potentiate the Predatory Capacity of Amoeba for Cryptococcus neoformans 1 February 2000Volume 132, Issue 3Page: 205KeywordsBody fluidsCryptococcus neoformansImmune systemInhalationLaboratory testsRenal transplantation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Persistence of hemoglobin F in D/D translocation with trisomy 13-15 (D1)
Authors: P. H. Pinkerton
Journal: JAMA (1967)

AMONG THE NUMEROUS translocations reported in man, one of the most frequently observed involves centric fusion of two D (13-15) chromosomes. D/D translocations may be "sporadic" as well as familial, ie, showing heritable transmission of the translocation in the heterozygous state. We report a D<sub>1</sub>trisomic individual in a family segregating for a D/D translocation. Possible linkage relationships between blood group and serum factors and the translocation chromosome were investigated. Persistence of an abnormally high concentration of hemoglobin F was found and the significance of this apparently constant feature of the trisomy 13-15 (D<sub>1</sub>) syndrome is briefly discussed. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The proband was aged six to eight months at the time these studies were being carried out. She was the product of the fourth pregnancy and has two brothers alive and well; the remaining pregnancy ended in abortion. Delivery occurred at full term and was normal.
Cardiac and other organ transplantation. In the setting of transplant science as a national effort
Authors: F. D. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Treatment of advanced heart disease by surgical removal of the diseased organ and its replacement by a homotransplanted heart may hold real promise for many patients; its past development and future potential must be viewed in the framework of biomedical science as a national effort, and transplantation science as a particular feature of that effort. To consider all aspects of cardiac transplantation, a meeting was held on Sept 28 and 29, 1968, at Bethesda, Md, under the sponsorship of the American College of Cardiology. This meeting included (1) surgeons, physicians, and biomedical scientists concerned with cardiology and transplantation, immunology and tissue metabolism; (2) representatives of government and of private philanthropy, concerned with the support of transplant science; and (3) representatives of the legal profession, particularly those concerned with drawing up legislation for anatomical gifts. It is the purpose of this communication to report the proceedings of that conference under four
JAPAN
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Skin Cancer
Authors: Lawrence Charles Parish
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Losing Solomon
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Atrial FibrillationA trial fibrillation (also called AF or A Fib) is the most common form of arrhythmia (heart rhythm disorder).It affects many people, including an estimated 2.3 million people in the United States.Atrial fibrillation is more common in older people, people with high blood pressure, and people with other kinds of heart disease.It can lead to serious health problems such as stroke, fatigue, and heart failure.The August 27, 2003, issue of JAMA includes an article about atrial fibrillation.
MEDICAL PROGRESS.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE VENTILATION OF SCHOOLROOMS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"OLD AGE WITHOUT DOCTORS."THE EQUIPMENT OF THE MODERN PHYSICIAN.THE QUESTION OF CRUELTY IN THERAPEUTIC OBSERVATIONS.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the NIH
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transactions of Luzerne County Medical Society.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sepsis
Authors: Robert F. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Emergency alarms.
Authors: K N Davies
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Emergency alarms can extend the care provided to disabled and vulnerable elderly people who may be unsupervised at home for much of the day and all night.The availability of alarms has widened because of the increasing number of people over 75 and a trend towards care of disabled people in the community.Alarms are advocated for people at risk.Risk is loosely defined and might include the physically impaired, the socially isolated (living alone or with someone unable to help in an emergency), those who tend to fall, perhaps those living in poorer housing, and the very old.Any person able to operate the alarm and understand its purpose may be eligible. Types of alarms SIMPLE ALARMSSimple indicators such as cards to place in a window, systems of lights, bells, or buzzers, and even whistles have been tried without success.Except for whistles (if carried) all need to be activated from a single point or require the person in need to remain mobile and dextrous.The response depends on willing neighbours and relatives, who carry a heavy burden of respon- sibility.Twenty four hour cover can rarely be given, and the person's vulnerability is advertised.Telephones can be used in an emergency to summon help, but 6% ofpeople over 75 and 20% ofthose over 85 have difficulties using them.'In a situation of stress these proportions are even higher: in 46% of accidents the victim cannot reach the telephone or dial.
在系统性硬化病中进行自身造血干细胞移植的功效和安全性:文献的系统性评述
Authors: A. Eyraud, L. Scouppe, T. Barnetche, E. Forcade, E. Lazaro, P. Duffau, C. Richez, J. Seneschal, M.-E. Truchetet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

系统性硬化病(SSc)是一种罕见的疾病,患者自身的免疫细胞会攻击皮肤,使其变硬和增厚。肺和肾脏也可能会受到损害,有半数病情严重的患者会在5年内死亡。采用免疫抑制药物氨甲叶酸或环磷酰胺的标准疗法并不始终有效,且可能会引起并发症。在一种名为自身造血干细胞移植(HSCT)的替代疗法中,医护人员从患者的血液或骨髓中提取能够繁殖的细胞(干细胞)并妥善保存,然后在患者的骨髓受到化学疗法的损害时重新将该细胞注入患者体内,从而再生骨髓并使患者体内充满不会引起自身免疫性疾病的细胞。使用患者自身的细胞意味着不需要使用抗排斥药物,但HSCT仍然是一项具有风险的手术。为了找出自体HSCT对SSc成人患者的安全性和功效,这支来自法国的团队检索了众多医疗文献并找出了38篇有用的文章,包括随机和非随机的对照试验和病例系列,涵盖344位患者。大部分研究表明,在接受HSCT后长达8年的时间里,皮肤增厚的现象明显减弱。在1到2年时,肺功能有轻微改善(根据用力肺活量进行测量)。因病情恶化引起的死亡率为11%,因HSCT引起的死亡率为8.3%,而因环磷酰胺引起的死亡率为1%。他们总结道,考虑到SSc的不良预后,自体HSCT的安全性和功效是可以接受的。
GCT-63. STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR RESIDUAL LESIONS OF PINEAL NON-GERMINOMATOUS GERM CELL TUMORS AFTER CONVENTIONAL RADIOTHERAPY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Mingyao Lai, Juan Li, Qingjun Hu, Zhaoming Zhou, Lei Wen, Cheng Zhou, Changguo Shan, Linbo Cai
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy and safety of SRS for residual lesions of NGGCTs after conventional RT. METHODS The clinical data of patients with iGCT who were admitted to Department of Oncology, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital between January 1, 2008 and December 30, 2019 were gathered. Those who were pathologically or clinically diagnosed with NGGCTs, with lesions located at pineal region, limited stage and residual lesions (with a maximum diameter&amp;gt;10mm) of pineal NGGCTs after RT with a total dose of 50-54Gy/25-30f, were eligible for the study. Several indexes such as local control rate, PFS, OS and treatment-related toxicity were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 27 patients were included; all were male, with a median age of 16 years (range 8–31 years). The patients were followed-up to December 30, 2019, but there were 2 cases lost to follow-up. The median follow-up time was 34 months (range 8–142 months). After a month of treatment with SRS, the ORR and DCR were 71.4% and 95.2%, respectively. During follow-up, 5 cases had radiographic progressions, including 3 cases combined with increased AFP which were diagnosed with local recurrence and 2 cases diagnosed with GTS；The 3y-PFS and OS were 85.2% and 88.0%.no acute radiation response was found after treatment with SRS, and only one patient had brain neurotoxicity. CONCLUSION SRS for residual lesions of NGGCTs after RT is proved to be safe and feasible, with well tolerance, which is beneficial for the improvement of local control and the prolongation of survival.
Role of ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-450 2E1 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by the chemical carcinogen, N-nitrosodimethylamine
Authors: M Tsutsumi
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Cytochrome P-450 2E1 is a specific isozyme of cytochrome P-450 induced by ethanol. P-450 2E1 may also be the only enzyme that metabolizes N-nitrosodimethylamine at a very low concentration. Because N-nitrosodimethylamine is a procarcinogen, the possibility that induction of P-450 2E1 by alcohol abuse may accelerate the carcinogenic action of a very small dose of N-nitrosodimethylamine should be considered. To investigate this possibility, effects of ethanol on the hepatic carcinogenic action of a very small dose of N-nitrosodimethylamine were analyzed in rats. Sixty Wistar male rats were divided into two groups (ethanol and control) according to the liquid diets they were fed. After preliminary feeding, N-nitrosodimethylamine in two concentrations (1.5 ng/ml and 3.0 μg/ml) in drinking water was given with the diets for 40 or 60 wk. To avoid metabolic competition between ethanol and n-nitrosodimethylamine, we gave N-nitrosodimethylamine and the diets alternately. The average amount of N-nitrosodimethylamine consumed per day was 11 to 37 ng/kg body weight in the 1.5-ng group and was 27 to 37 μg/kg body weight in the 3.0-μg group. Hepatic P-450 2E1 content was six times higher in the ethanol-treated groups than in the control groups throughout the experiment. Visible nodules and enzyme-altered foci were not found in rats in any group at the end of the fortieth week. These preneoplastic changes were found at the end of the sixtieth week only in rats in the groups treated with both ethanol and N-nitrosodimethylamine. However, these changes were not found in rats treated with N-nitrosodimethylamine or ethanol alone for the same period. These results suggest that long-term administration of ethanol may accelerate the development of liver cancer induced by N-nitrosodimethylamine, and this enhancing effect may be related to the induction of P-450 2E1 by ethanol. Enhancement was observed in rats given a small dose of N-nitrosodimethylamine, suggesting that in alcoholic individuals cancer may develop from exposure to small doses of carcinogen in normal life. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1483–1489.)
For the future: polymer-drug systems
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal