tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Approaches for Protection Standards for Ionizing Radiation and Combustion Pollutants
Authors: Gordon C. Butler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The question "can the approach used for radiation protection standards, i.e., to extrapolate dose--response relationships to low doses, be applied to combustion pollutants?" provided a basis for discussion. The linear, nonthreshold model postulated by ICRP and UNSCEAR for late effects of ionizing radiation is described and discussed. The utility and problems of applying this model to the effects of air pollutants constitute the focus of this paper. The conclusion is that, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, one should assume the same type of dose--effect relation for chemical air pollutants as for ionizing radiation.
On the Mortality of Infants in Foundling Institutions, and Generally, as Influenced by the Absence of Breast-Milk
Authors: C. H. F. Routh
Journal: BMJ (1858)

food, including bread, until the next report, which has been forwarded to me this day, January 29, and which I transcribe." MY DEAR SeR,-Enclosed you will receive my report, which I think will speak for itself.I can now reverse yn tale, and say, 'the bones which were once seen are now hidden from sight;' I am, of course, with this increase of flesh mnch stronger.I feel some little difficulty in walking upstairs, but not to the extent I formerly did by any means; 1 get a free perspiration, my appetite is good, and the cramps are quito gone.When I meet any one whom I have not seen for eight or nine days, they want to know if my face is not swelled; my clothes, which hung about me as tllough not belonaing to me, I am obliged to alter in the buttons.I have found a good sub- stitute for bread in parsnips.The fat hanm had the desired effect on my bowels; of course, it checked my progress in weight, whichl has gradually risen thus:-Weig-ht.Urine.FIlui(ds taken.lbs.Pints.
PROGRESS IN CONTROL OF TRICHINOSIS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Authors: Elise Dusseldorp, Philip Spinhoven, Abraham Bakker, Richard van Dyck, Anton J.L.M. van Balkom, Hans Knoop, Ulrich Stangier, Uwe Ukrow, Karin Schermelleh-Engel, Martin Grabe, Wolf Lauterbach, Akizumi Tsutsumi, Kazunori Kayaba, Toshiyuki Ojima, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, Norito Kawakami, John M. de Figueiredo, Giancarlo Balercia, Marco Boscaro, Francesco Lombardo, Eleonora Carosa, Andrea Lenzi, Emmanuele A. Jannini, Georg Northoff, Felix Bermpohl, Frank Schoeneich, Heinz Boeker, Gijs Bleijenberg, Marieke F.M. Gielissen, Jos W.M. van der Meer, Peter D. White, Margarita Beresnevaité, Graeme J. Taylor, R. Michael Bagby
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)
Congenital and Maternal Toxoplasmosis: Review of 300 Cases
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The risk of suicide in persons with AIDS
Authors: Mohan Beltangady
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Marzuk et al<sup>1</sup>present a detailed report of the first epidemiologic investigation of suicide in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). While they use careful ascertainment methods and have done an excellent job in reporting the study, the relative risk is expressed as a ratio of the incidence densities (number of events per 100 000 person-years of follow-up) between the patients with AIDS and the general population. The result is a staggeringly high value of 36.30 among men 20 to 59 years of age. While the relative - risk - estimate method is a common statistical tool in epidemiologic studies with long followup periods, its direct application without regard to the underlying assumptions is somewhat naive. The basic premise in using the ratio of incidence densities is that the potential personyears of follow-up in the two groups,<i>if the events being studied did not occur</i>, are comparable. The
Syphilis
Authors: G. Marshall Crawford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

Reactions to TreatmentA word of caution has been given by Leifer56 regarding the continuance of arsenotherapy in patients experiencing the reaction known as erythema of the ninth day. This is an entirely distinct disturbance from the systemic Herxheimer reaction, which occurs only after the initial dose of arsenic or, rarely, after the second injection. Erythema of the ninth day may occur any time within the first three weeks of arsenotherapy, and Leifer considers it a probable manifestation of sensitivity to arsenic. An erythematous eruption may or may not be present, but fever always occurs and there may be acute . . .
Oxybate sodium for parkinsonism
Authors: P. S. Papavasiliou
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> One of the explanations for the symptomatic improvement of parkinsonism by levodopa is that striatal dopamine,<sup>1</sup>which is abnormally low in the brains of untreated patients<sup>2</sup>becomes repleted. Since, however, the striatum is not the only cerebral site capable of dopamine synthesis, it was thought that cerebral side effects of levodopa might be due to ectopically produced dopamine.<sup>3</sup>Increases of dopamine exclusively in the striatum have been reported following administration of oxybate sodium to animals.<sup>4-6</sup>Intravenous injections of this substance, furthermore, have improved the tremor, the rigidity, and the akinesia of patients with parkinsonism.<sup>7</sup>These facts might assume therapeutic importance if oral administration of oxybate sodium improved the symptoms in otherwise untreated parkinsonian patients or in those receiving levodopa with suboptimal results. Such a trial is reported here. Eight patients with idiopathic parkinsonism and one with postencephalitic disease were admitted into a
Walking Shoes
Authors: K F McFarland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

On Being a Doctor1 September 1993Walking ShoesKay F. McFarland, MDKay F. McFarland, MDUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29203.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-5-199309010-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I knew as soon as I walked into the room that they had told her. The resident was sitting on the bed just opposite her, the intern stood at the end of the bed, and the medical student was leaning against the wall; all of them were quiet, gazing intensely at her. I hesitated, afraid I would interrupt.Then I heard her sobs. She was sitting in a high-backed lounge chair, and all I could see was her bony left elbow resting on the arm of the chair. No one said anything; no one knew what to say. I realized ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29203.Corresponding Author: Kay F. McFarland, MD, 2 Richland Medical Park, Suite 502, Columbia SC 29203. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 5Page: 423KeywordsBreathingComputed axial tomographyElbowEmotionsLiver diseasesShouldersWalking Issue Published: 1 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
NCCN NewsNCCN Publishes New Clinical Practice Guidelines for Myeloproliferative NeoplasmsNew NCCN Patient Resources Assist Decision-Making for People with Stomach CancerNCCN Congress to Explore Complex Issues in Treating Hematologic MalignanciesCall for Abstracts! NCCN to Hold General Poster Session at 22nd Annual Conference
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of blood cancers characterized by significant symptoms and a high risk of transformation into acute leukemia.These cancersmyelofibrosis, essential thrombocythemia (ET), and polycythemia vera (PV)-affect approximately 13,000, 134,000, and 148,000 patients in the United States, respectively. 1 To provide clinicians with the most up-to-date and comprehensive treatment recommendations, NCCN has published the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for MPN to specifically outline diagnosis, treatment, and supportive care strategies for myelofibrosis.Myelofibrosis is a type of MPN that is the result-in most cases-of 1 of 3 genetic mutations within the JAK2 signaling pathway.Comprehensive recommendations for the management of ET and PV will be included in the subsequent versions of the NCCN Guidelines for MPN.NCCN Guidelines document evidence-based, consensus-driven management to ensure that all patients receive preventive, diagnostic, treatment, and supportive care services that are most likely to lead to optimal outcomes."The management of MPNs has been variable in the past and largely driven by review articles and individual opinions.The NCCN Guidelines Panel for MPN hopes these inaugural guidelines will help leverage the evidence base in MPN care for clear, wellinformed, treatment guidelines to hopefully improve quality of care and provide better outcomes for patients with MPN," said Ruben A. Mesa, MD, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Chair of the NCCN MPN Panel.Dr. Mesa presented the new NCCN Guidelines in an educational setting during the NCCN 11th Annual Congress: Hematologic Malignancies on September 30, in a session titled, "Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Myelofibrosis: Evolving Management."With the publication of the NCCN Guidelines for MPN, the library of NCCN Guidelines now includes 63 clinical guidelines detailing sequential management decisions and interventions that currently apply to 97% of cancers affecting people in the United States, as well as cancer prevention, detection and risk reduction, and age-related recommendations.Available free-of-charge to registered users of NCCN.org and through the Virtual Library of NCCN Guidelines Mobile Apps, NCCN Guidelines help oncologists make the major clinical decisions encountered in managing their patients by providing ready access to synthesized information.NCCN Guidelines provide recommendations for appropriate care for most, but not all patients; however, all individual patient circumstances must be considered when applying these recommendations.To access the NCCN Guidelines for MPN, visit NCCN.org.
Phase III trial of brentuximab vedotin and CHP versus CHOP in the frontline treatment of patients (pts) with CD30+ mature T-cell lymphomas (MTCL).
Authors: Owen A. O'Connor, Barbara Pro, Tim Illidge, Lorenz H. Trumper, Emily K. Larsen, Thomas John Manley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS8605 Background: MTCL including systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL) are aggressive neoplasms. Anthracycline-based multiagent chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated response rates ranging from 76 to 88%. Five-year overall survival rates range from 12 to 49% depending on the histologic subtype. Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody drug conjugate that has shown efficacy in a pivotal phase II study as a single agent in relapsed sALCL (Pro et al., J Clin Oncol, 2012) and evidence of clinical activity in combination with CHP in the frontline treatment of MTCL including sALCL in a phase I study (Fanale et al., ASH 2012). Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase III study (NCT01777152) is evaluating the safety and efficacy of 1.8 mg/kg brentuximab vedotin with CHP (A+CHP) vs CHOP for frontline treatment of CD30+ MTCL. Pts must have FDG-avid disease by PET and measureable disease of at least 1.5 cm by CT. Approximately 300 pts will be randomized 1:1 to receive A+CHP or CHOP for 6–8 cycles (q3wk). Randomization will be stratified by ALK+ sALCL vs other histologic subtypes and IPI score (0–1, 2–3, or 4–5). The target proportion of pts with a diagnosis of sALCL will be 75%. The primary objective is to compare progression-free survival (PFS) between the 2 treatment arms as determined by an independent review facility (IRF). Secondary objectives include comparisons of PFS per IRF in sALCL patients, safety, overall survival, and complete remission rate between the 2 arms. After completion of treatment, pts will be followed for disease progression, medical resource utilization, quality of life, and survival. Post-treatment stem cell transplant is permitted. Efficacy assessments will use the Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma (Cheson 2007). CT and PET scans will be performed at baseline, after Cycle 4, and after the completion of treatment. CT scans will also be performed at regular intervals during follow-up until disease progression, death, or analysis of the primary endpoint. Safety assessments will occur throughout the study until 30 days after last dose of study treatment. Enrollment for this global trial began in early 2013. Clinical trial information: NCT01777152.
淋巴水肿患者生活质量评价
Authors: M. Augustin, E. Conde Montero, K. Hagenström, K. Herberger, C. Blome
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

淋巴系统是一个由小血管组成的网络,负责从所有身体组织中吸取干净的液体(淋巴液)。许多不同的疾病,包括出生缺陷、感染和恶性肿瘤(癌症),会导致系统堵塞,导致慢性肿胀,通常影响胳膊或腿。这种“淋巴水肿”会引起相当大的不适,并影响患者生活的许多方面。健康相关的生活质量 QOL 是医疗保健领域中的一个重要衡量指标,但迄今为止,对淋巴水肿患者唯一的生活质量衡量标准是弗莱堡淋巴水肿生活质量评估 FLQA‐L,它是一个可靠的衡量标准,但对临床实践常规使用来说太过详细,因为它有 92 个问题。这项来自德国的研究旨在创造一个更加用户友好的版本。首先,他们重新分析了最初的 FLQA‐L 数据,并确定了 33 个看起来最有信息价值的问题,涵盖 5 个领域:身体缺陷、日常生活、社交生活、心理健康和治疗。这个较短的版本 FLQA‐LS 随后邮寄给 33 个诊所的 348 名淋巴水肿患者;其中 91% 是女性,平均年龄 57 岁。295 名患者完成了问卷调查。得分最高(意味着影响最大)的项目是“对疾病可能恶化的焦虑”、“胳膊或腿疼痛感”、“关节痛感”和“耗时的治疗”,而对社交生活的损害得分最低。结果的统计分析显示出与其他一般健康相关的生活质量得分有很好的相关性。FLQA‐LS 似乎是淋巴水肿患者的一个有价值的评估工具,并且现在需要对患者进行长期测试。
Reply
Authors: Bruno Sangro
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

We agree with Dr. Wigg that radioembolization by definition results in the inhomogeneous distribution of microspheres within a definite tumor and, consequently, in the inhomogeneous exposure of tumor cells to radiation. However, in comparison with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), radioembolization can produce similar if not greater rates of tumor response and disease control. 1, 2 Although the mechanisms of tumor growth arrest after radioembolization have not been completely elucidated, they may be related to the distinctive roles that the different areas of the tumor microenvironment play in the control of tumor growth. The main difference between EBRT and radioembolization in the treatment of liver tumors lies in the ability to spare nontumorous liver tissue from harmful radiation. Certainly, EBRT can be safely applied to patients without cirrhosis who have single, small tumors even if the tumors invade the portal vein, but these patients are a true minority among those with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Radioembolization is now available at many tertiary care centers, can be performed on an outpatient basis, and is completed in a single day; a cost comparison with EBRT has not been reported so far. We acknowledge the limitations of our study, 3 particularly with respect to its retrospective, uncontrolled design, but a number of large-cohort randomized controlled trials are currently underway that will certainly help us to define the role of radioembolization in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Bruno Sangro M.D., Ph.D.*, * Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Any Questions?We publish below a selection of those questions and answers which seem of general interest.It is regretted that it is not possible to supply answers to all questions -submitted.The 40-mm.Test Q.-What is the technique of the test used in the R.A.F. in which the subject blows up a column of mercury and keeps it up by exhalation, and what information does the test provide?A.-The test is described in The Medical Examination of Civilian Aviators' as follows."With the nose clipped the candidate is asked to empty the lungs completely, inhale fully, blow the mercury to the height of 40 mm.and maintain it there without breathing as long as possible, the pulse being counted in periods of five seconds during the performance of the test.The average time in a large number of cases tested is between 50 and 60 seconds.A time less than 40 seconds is very unsatisfactory.In a good subject the pulse rate may remain practically unaffected, or may rise gradually in rate from 73 to 96, according to the time the breath is held.The pulse may rise almost at once from 72 to 84 or 96, and be sustained there.A large rise in rate- for example, from 72 to 132 or 144-is unsatisfactory."The test is to be recorded thus: First, the number of seconds during which the mercury column is sustained, then the normal sitting pulse rate per five seconds taken before beginning the test, and then the number of pulsations in each five-second period, the time taken to blow the mercury to 40 mm.being ignored.The normal sitting rate should be separated by a stroke from the first figure of the pulse response during the test-for example, 50 seconds 6/6677789888.This test affords information as to the stability of the nervous centres controlling respiration and circulation, and of the power and endurance of the subject."It is not now generally considered that the test has any value in assessing the respiratory and circulatory reserves of normal men.The pattern of the changes in pulse rate is
Administrative Medicine
Authors: Robert M. Heyssel
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Career opportunities for physicians in health care system management and their changing preparation for these roles have been previously described.<sup>1</sup>Today, the trend for physicians to enter active management roles is, if anything, accelerated. Between 1978 and 1988, the number of physicians classified as "administrative MDs" increased from 11 858 to 14 536, according to the American Medical Association's Physician Masterfile (Vicky Carlson, oral communication, February 26, 1990). The American College of Physician Executives reports a membership of more than 5000 (Robin Doty, oral communication, March 7,1990). Physician-managers have found new opportunities in administration as the numbers of people enrolled in one or another managed-care organization have continued to increase. Managed-care programs include health maintenance organizations, preferred provider organizations, and managed fee-for-service entities. In 1980, the managed-care field was dominated almost exclusively by health maintenance organizations; at that time, 236 health maintenance organizations had 9.1 million enrollees. By 1989,
Drug abuse in the US Army, Europe
Authors: F. S. Tennant
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Drug abuse in the US Army, Europe, is severe enough to result in numerous hospitalizations and occasional deaths. An abundance of all types of inexpensive, abusable drugs is available in Europe. During the past year there has been an increasing trend among a small percentage of US Army soldiers to abuse "hard" drugs and opiates. The US Army, Europe, has expended considerable resources and personnel to control drug abuse. Many of the drug-abuse education and rehabilitation techniques utilized in the US Army, Europe, appear applicable to the drugabuse problem in the United States.
Effect of sweating
Authors: W. Dean
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Regarding the article "Losing Weight Through Exercise" (1980;244:377), in the authors' disparagement of "effortless weight reduction" by methods that cause increased water loss, they make the often repeated misleading statement that "body weight may be temporarily reduced until rehydration occurs." This implies that there is no caloric consumption involved in the water loss. The same statement could be made for the weight loss incurred by a marathon runner during a race and his subsequent "weight gain" after rehydration. The fact overlooked by most people who attempt to debunk saunas and other devices that cause enhanced sweating is that the water does not just "leak out" of the body. Sweating is a part of the complex thermoregulatory process of the body involving substantial increases in heart rate, cardiac output,<sup>1,2</sup>and metabolic rate,<sup>3-4</sup>and consumes considerable energy. In a sauna, heat is absorbed by the subject from
Our Own and Our Cousins' Eyes.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal