tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Chronic Exposure to Low Doses of Trichloroethylene on Steroid Hormone and Insulin Levels in Normal Men
Authors: Victor Hng-Hang Goh, Sin-Eng Chia, Choon-Nam Ong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The aim of this study was to examine the serum levels of insulin and some adrenal steroid hormones in men chronically exposed to low doses of trichloroethylene (TCE). A total of 85 workers participated in this study. Each worker had urine collected and analyzed for trichloroacetic acids (UTCA) on the same day that a blood sample was taken for analyses of serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), androstenedione, cortisol, aldosterone, and insulin. The mean concentration of environmental TCE was 29.6 ppm and the mean UTCA was 22.4 mg/g creatinine (range 0.8-136.4). TCE exposure did not cause any significant changes to the adrenal steroid hormone productions. The results showed that UTCA was significantly correlated to serum insulin levels. Insulin and SHBG responded in tandem, with the highest levels found in workers exposed to TCE for less than 2 years; levels of both parameters were significantly lowered in those exposed for more than 2 years. A triphasic response in insulin levels to TCE, which depended on the duration of exposure, was noted. Initial exposure caused an acute rise in insulin levels. This was followed by a fall to normal levels in those exposed 2-4 years and then a slight rise in those exposed for more than 6 years. The mechanism for this pattern of response to TCE exposure is yet unknown.
Angioplasty
Authors: Terence A. S. Matalon
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<i>Angioplasty</i>, edited by G. David Jang, is a much-needed, complete assessment of peripheral and coronary transluminal angioplasty. Since its introduction in the middle 1970s, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty has proved to be a suitable alternative to bypass surgery for some patients with vascular disease. An unprecedented number of articles on this technique have appeared in the literature. The book is divided into two sections, the first dealing primarily with peripheral noncoronary applications and the second section confined to coronary applications of transluminal angioplasty. Thorough treatment of technique is very informative for both the beginner and the experienced practitioner. As with most multiauthored textbooks, this one suffers from some redundancy as well as mild disagreements in technique by various authors. Nevertheless, the book represents the best and most current information available in a rapidly advancing field. An important feature of this book is that each chapter deals with a specific aspect of
Effect of Lead Intoxication on the Postnatal Growth of the Rat Nervous System
Authors: Martin R. Krigman, Edward L. Hogan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Lead encephalopathy was induced in developing Long-Evans rats by adding lead carbonate (4% w/w) to the diet of nursing mother immediately after delivery.The morphological and biochemical features of cerebral ontogenesis were studied in 30-dayold rats.By the 30th postnatal day, the overall effect of lead intoxication was retardation of brain growth.The mass of both the cerebral gray and white matter was appreciably reduced in the lead rats without any reduction in cell populations.While the neuronal population was preserved, the growth of neurons was reduced and their maturation retarded.The retarded neuronal growth was characterized by the limited proliferation of processes in the neuropil and by the reduction in the number of synapses per neuron.However, synaptogenesis was neither delayed nor perturbed but reduced by the limited development of neuronal dendritic fields.The myelination was altered and its cerebral content significantly reduced.The effect of lead on myelination was one of hypomyelina- tion.The hypomyelination appears to be primarily related to retarded growth and mat- uration of the neuron and is not a reflection of a defect in the myelinating glia or a delay in the initiation of myelination.
THE REFERENDUM ON THE USE OF ALCOHOL IN THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Skinfold Calipers
Authors: MARC NOEL SHERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1983Skinfold CalipersMARC NOEL SHERMAN, M.D., ANTHONY J. LECHICH, M.D., PHILIP W. BRICKNER, M.D., F. RUSSELL KELLOGG, M.D., JODY GRECO, M.S.R.D.MARC NOEL SHERMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ANTHONY J. LECHICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PHILIP W. BRICKNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. RUSSELL KELLOGG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JODY GRECO, M.S.R.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-3-414_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Lange skinfold calipers (Cambridge Industries, Cambridge, Maryland) have long been accepted as the definitive instrument for measuring skinfold thickness and cost approximately $150 each. The McGaw skinfold calipers (McGaw Laboratories, West Orange, New Jersey), made of plastic, may be obtained at no cost. We compared the calibration accuracy of the Lange and McGaw skin calipers during a nutritional study of 45 aged, homebound patients (1). Comparisons were made by standard deviation, linear regression coefficient, and standard t-test.Anthropometric indices were determined by measuring triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness with both Lange and McGaw calipers in the...References1. SHERMANLECHICHBRICKNER MAP. Nutritional parameters in homebound persons of greatly advanced age. J Parenter Nutr. (In press). Google Scholar2. JOHNSON W. Measuring skinfold thickness—a cautionary note. Addict Behav. 1977;2:105-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York New York, NY 10011 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1983Volume 98, Issue 3Page: 414-415KeywordsNutritionStandard deviation Issue Published: 1 March 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE NEW BUILDINGS OF THE HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Omitted Disclaimer
Authors: James Heyward, Joshua Sharfstein, G Alexander
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

In Reply We studied the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) oversight and management of an industry-funded prescriber education program aimed at improving prescriber practices and reducing adverse events from use of prescription opioids. 1 Five years into the Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program governing extended release/longacting (ER/LA) opioids, the FDA was unable to evaluate the effect of the REMS on prescribing behavior or safety outcomes.In their letter, Auth and colleagues from the FDA's Division of Risk Management state that the agency has not abandoned the idea of such an evaluation, citing ongoing conversations with manufacturers and plans for "broader stakeholder input" on an evaluation.They also reference ongoing collection of surveillance data, but in the Supplement of our article, we report that the FDA itself has noted that "Ongoing surveillance … is necessary to inform regulatory decisions related to these products and this REMS, but the goal of the surveillance data is not to assess the impact of the REMS itself, due
COUNCIL ON PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ETHYLENE BROMIDE IN EPILEPSY.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolomics composite biomarkers selected by machine learning predicts NASH
Authors: Elizabeth Brown, Azza Karrar, Samuel Hellings, Maria Stepanova, Bethane Warrack, Brian Lam, Joelle Onorato, Sean Felix, Abraham Apfel, Thomas Jeffers, Bijal Rajput, Edgar Charles, Fatema Nader, Yi Luo, Michael Reily, Lei Zhao, John Thompson, Zachary Goodman, Zobair Younossi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
CONTEMPORARY OPHTHALMIC JOURNALISM
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OC-055 ‘ibdpassport’: evaluating the quality of an internet-based travel resource for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: K Greveson, M Hamilton, CD Murray
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Travellers’ with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at greater risk of travel-related morbidity with European guidelines recommending expert consultation prior to travel.<sup>1</sup>Previous research into travel and IBD found travel consultations and patient travel preparation and knowledge to be deficient.<sup>2,3</sup>As a result we developed a dedicated, evidence-based non-profit IBD travel advice website (www.ibdpassport.com) to enhance informed, safe travel. Here we present formal evaluation of this website. <h3>Method</h3> A link to the website, along with a structured web-based survey was sent to a sample of 15 UK IBD patients, clinical nurse specialists and Gastroenterologists respectively. The survey contained demographic questions and asked respondents to rate the content, functionality and credibility of the website using a series of parameters including a 5-point Global Quality Score and Integrity Score.<sup>4</sup>Readability statistics were graded on a 100 word sample of text from each page on the website using the Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade level scores. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 33 individuals responded (73% response rate; 11, 33% Patient; 10, 30% Nurse; 12, 36% Gastroenterologist. The mean Global Quality score was 4.5 out of a possible 5 (Range 3–5). The Flesch-Kincaid Grade level score was US school grade 10.9 (range 7.2–17.1) and median Flesch Reading Ease score 50.5 out of a possible 100 (Range 22.4–65.1). The integrity score was 4.0 out of 6. The majority of respondents strongly agreed the website was an accurate source of travel information for IBD (60%), used appropriate citations (67%), and was easy to navigate (70%). 26/33 (79%) felt the website improved their knowledge of travel-related issues in IBD. All respondents would recommend the site to peers. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IBD Passport is the first internet-based travel resource created for both patients and professionals to provide IBD-specific travel information. Our findings demonstrate that patients and healthcare professionals consider IBD Passport to be an excellent quality, evidence-based resource. The readability statistics are favourable when compared to results from other studies examining website quality. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Rahier JF, <i>et al</i>. J Crohns Colitis 2014;8:443–468 Soonawala D, <i>et al</i>. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2012;18(11):2079–85 Greveson, et alet al. A recent flare of disease does not prohibit travel: early results of a single centre study in inflammatory bowel disease and travel digestive diseases week, 2014, abstract ID:Su1095 Bernard A, Langille M, Hughes S, <i>et al</i>. A systematic review of patient inflammatory bowel disease information resources on the world Wide Web. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:2070–2077
Increasing Prevalence of Overweight Among US Adults
Authors: Robert J. Kuczmarski
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine trends in overweight prevalence and body mass index of the US adult population. <h3>Design.</h3> —Nationally representative cross-sectional surveys with an in-person interview and a medical examination, including measurement of height and weight. <h3>Setting/Participants.</h3> —Between 6000 and 13000 adults aged 20 through 74 years examined in each of four separate national surveys during 1960 to 1962 (the first National Health Examination Survey [NHES I]), 1971 to 1974 (the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES I]), 1976 to 1980 (NHANESII), and 1988 to 1991 (NHANES III phase 1). <h3>Results.</h3> —In the period 1988 to 1991,33.4% of US adults 20 years of age or older were estimated to be overweight. Comparisons of the 1988 to 1991 overweight prevalence estimates with data from earlier surveys indicate dramatic increases in all race/sex groups. Overweight prevalence increased 8% between the 1976 to 1980 and 1988 to 1991 surveys. During this period, for adult men and women aged 20 through 74 years, mean body mass index increased from 25.3 to 26.3; mean body weight increased 3.6 kg. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These nationally representative data document a substantial increase in overweight among US adults and support the findings of other investigations that show notable increases in overweight during the past decade. These observations suggest that the Healthy People 2000 objective of reducing the prevalence of overweight US adults to no more than 20% may not be met by the year 2000. Understanding the reasons underlying the increase in the prevalence of overweight in the United States and elucidating the potential consequences in terms of morbidity and mortality present a challenge to our understanding of the etiology, treatment, and prevention of overweight. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:205-211)
Muhammad Shafiq
Authors: J. Clegg
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Adenosine is an important regulatory molecule of the immune response. We have previously reported that treatment of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU)–prone mice with an adenosine-degrading enzyme (adenosine deaminase) prohibited EAU development by inhibiting Th17 pathogenic T cell responses. To further validate that the targeting of adenosine or adenosine receptors effectively modulates Th17 responses, we investigated the effect of adenosine receptor antagonists. In this study, we show that the A2AR antagonist SCH 58261 (SCH) effectively modulates aberrant Th17 responses in induced EAU. However, timing of the treatment is important. Whereas SCH inhibits EAU when administered during the active disease stage, it did not do so if administered during quiescent disease stages, thus implying that the existing immune status influences the therapeutic effect. Mechanistic studies showed that inhibition of γδ T cell activation is crucially involved in adenosine-based treatment. Adenosine is an important costimulator of γδ T cell activation, which is essential for promoting Th17 responses. During ongoing disease stages, adenosine synergizes with existing high levels of cytokines, leading to augmented γδ T cell activation and Th17 responses, but in quiescent disease stages, when existing cytokine levels are low, adenosine does not enhance γδ T cell activation. Our results demonstrated that blockade of the synergistic effect between adenosine and inflammatory cytokines at active disease stages can ameliorate high-degree γδ T cell activation and, thus, suppress Th17 pathogenic T cell responses.
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury in the elderly: an analysis of cases from the Spanish DILI registry
Authors: Rianne A. Weersink, Ismael Alvarez-Alvarez, I Medina-Caliz, Elvira Bonilla, M Robles-Díaz, Miren Garcia Cortes, Aida Ortega-Alonso, Maria Isabel Lucena, Raul J. Andrade
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Haloperidol in Labor: Clinical Experiences in 1,250 Deliveries
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toxicology of Chloral Hydrate in the Mouse
Authors: Virginia M. Sanders, Bernadine M. Kauffmann, Kimber L. White, Kathryn A. Douglas, Donald W. Barnes, Larry E. Sain, Thomas J. Bradshaw, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Albert E. Munson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Chloral hydrate has been found in our drinking water supplies at levels up to 5 micrograms/1. The purpose of this study was to evalute the acute and subchronic toxicology of chloral hydrate in the random-bred CD-1 mouse, to provide data for risk assessment. The acute oral LD50 of this compound was 1442 and 1265 mg/kg in male and female mice, respectively. Acute toxicity appeared to be related to depression of the central nervous system. Fourteen-day exposure by gavage in male mice at doses 1/10 and 1/100 the LD50 caused an increase in liver weight and a decrease in spleen weight at the highest dose level. Based on the data derived from 14 days of exposure, a 90-day study was performed. The compound was delivered via the drinking water; levels of the compound delivered per day were equivalent to those dosed in the 14-day study. The target organ in both sexes appeared to be the liver, with the males most affected. Male mice demonstrated a dose-related hepatomegaly accompanied by significant changes in serum chemistries and hepatic microsomal parameters. The females did not demonstrate the hepatomegaly observed in males, but did show alterations in hepatic microsomal parameters. No other significant toxicological changes were observed in either sex following 90 days of exposure.