tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Developing and Expanding Contributions of the Global Laboratory Network for Poliomyelitis Eradication, 1997-1999
Journal: JAMA (2000)

In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis globally by 2000. Substantial progress toward achieving this goal has been reported from all countries where polio is endemic, and three regions of the World Health Organization (WHO) (American Region, European Region, and Western Pacific Region) appear to be free of indigenous wild poliovirus transmission. One key strategy for polio eradication is establishing sensitive surveillance systems for polio (through notification of acute flaccid paralysis [AFP] cases) and poliovirus. To ensure that specimens from AFP cases undergo appropriate processing for viral isolation, WHO has established a global laboratory network. This report describes the proficiency of the network and provides updates on structure, accreditation, performance, expanding activities, and future plans.
Solution to Population Problems Called Responsibility Of World Medical Organizations
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Congenial Calories of the Candy Shop
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE NOMENCLATURE OF TOXINS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Drug combinations for anaesthesia.
Authors: M Crawford, A Hassam, D Mcalpine, R Baker, J Millar
Journal: BMJ (1975)

analysed were remarkably rich in linoleic acid (see table), a finding which was ex- plained by the fact that these patients, mostly on their own initiative, were taking four to six spoonfuls of sunflower seed oil a day; about 65% of the fatty acids of sun- flower seed oil is linoleic acid.The trials by Mertin et al.2 were carried out between October and December 1973.Mean Linoleate Content (as%wlw of Total Fatty Acids ± S.E.M.) Fats in Plasma of Normal Subjects and Patients with M.S.Normal M.S.1.M.S.2.Phospholipid 17 6±1-64 13-7±1-6 26-9±1-1 (n = 11) (n = 7) (n = 12) Triglyceride 11-0 ±0-8 7-86 ±0-71 26-8 ±3-1(n = 14) (n = 6) (n = 12) M.S. 1 refers to patients who claimed they were not taking sunflower seed oil.The M.S.2 group represents those patients who had been taking sunflower seed oil for at least one month (data from 1973).Medication with sunflower seed oil can clearly be expected to increase the plasma linoleate.The macrophage electrophoretic mobility test is unlikely to give a high degree of inhibition by linoleic acid if the macro- phages have been taken from blood which is rich in linoleic acid itself.Perhaps the only way to resolve the issue would be to relate electrophoretic mobility to plasma linoleate content.-Weare, etc.
Somatic Cell Gene Mutations in Humans: Biomarkers for Genotoxicity
Authors: Richard J. Albertini, Janice A. Nicklas, J. Patrick O'Neill
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Somatic cell gene mutations arising in vivo in humans provide biomarkers for genotoxicity.Four assays, each measuring changes in a different "recorder" gene, are available for detecting mutations of the hemoglobin (Hb) and glycophorin A (gpa) genes in red blood cells and the hypoxanthine-guanine phos- phoribosyltransferase (hprt) and HLA genes in T-lymphocytes.Mean adult background mutant frequencies have been established; i.e., approximately 4 x 108 (Hb), 5-10 x 10-6 (hprt), 10-20 x 10-6 (gpa) and 30 x 10-6 (HLA).All the assays have now been used in studies of individuals exposed to physical and/or chemical genotoxic agents, and all have shown elevated values following exposures; examples are presented.In addition to quantitation, the lymphocyte assays allow molecular analyses of in vivo mutations, the definition of background and induced mutational spectra, and the search for unique changes for characterizing specific mutagens.The HPRT system currently has the largest database in this regard.Approximately 15% of adult background hprt mutations are due to gross structural alterations (primarily deletions) having random breakpoints; 85% result from "point" changes detected only by sequencing.In contrast, a specific intragenic deletion due to DNA cleavage at specific sites characterizes fetal hprt mutations, implicating a developmental mistake in their genesis.(This kind of developmental mistake in other genes is frequently observed in lymphoid malignancies.)Mutational spectra are just beginning to be defined for induced hprt mutations, e.g., ionizing radiation produces large deletions.Characterization of HLA mutations at the molecular level, accomplished thus far at the level of Southern blots, shows that approximately 30% result from events that render the gene "homozygous," i.e., somatic recombination.Details of the molecular aspects of in vivo gene mutations in human lymphocytes are described.
Cesarean births and trial of labor rates
Authors: Leslie Iffy
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Shiono et al<sup>1</sup>concludes that the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development—sponsored Consensus Development Conference on Cesarean Childbirth<sup>2,3</sup>failed to affect the increasing rates of abdominal deliveries in general, and repeated cesarean sections in particular. A similar experience has been reported from this institution, where the cesarean-section rate increased from about 12% to 15% between 1980 and 1983<sup>4</sup>and has climbed higher since. The authors note that "virtually all of the hospitals surveyed were able to prepare for an emergency cesarean within 30 minutes." I still feel uncertain what a 30-minute start-up time means. When the obstetric operating rooms are empty, we in this center can invariably start a cesarean section within 30 minutes. However, with one room (and team) already engaged, it is not always possible, and when two operations are already in progress, it is rarely possible
White Birch
Authors: George N. Braman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Ad Libitum5 March 2002White BirchGeorge N. Braman, MDGeorge N. Braman, MDBronx, NY 10471Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-5-200203050-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail “So was I once myself a swinger of birches.”—“Birches”Robert FrostWhen leaves ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bronx, NY 10471Current Author Address: George N. Braman, MD, 6142 Delafield Avenue, Bronx, NY 10471. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBehavioral Insights into International Arbitration: An Analysis of How to De-Bias Arbitrators 5 March 2002Volume 136, Issue 5Page: 348 ePublished: 5 March 2002 Issue Published: 5 March 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
PSITTACOSIS
Authors: EDWARD L. BORTZ
Journal: JAMA (1930)

<h3>Case 1.</h3> —A white woman, aged 53, was admitted to the hospital, Jan. 20, 1930, with a chief complaint of dyspnea and general malaise. Four days previously the patient had experienced abdominal distress, aching of the muscles of the extremities, and headache of the occipital type, with a tired feeling in the neck posteriorly, an aching sensation of the eyeballs, lassitude, weakness and anorexia but no vomiting. The condition became steadily worse and two days later respiration became labored and an irritative cough developed, without expectoration. The bowels were slightly constipated. The patient had been given a small green parrot three weeks before the onset of her illness. The parrot had been sick ever since it was in her possession, with diarrhea, anorexia, lassitude and stupor. The bird remained on its perch, its manner dejected and head and wings drooping, and on the day of the patient's admission to the
Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Adults—United States, 1999-2000
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Diabetes and its complications are major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and contribute substantially to health-care costs. Data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) have documented steady increases in the prevalence of diabetes. However, these surveys rely only on self-reports of previously diagnosed diabetes and cannot measure the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes. The change in prevalence demonstrated by these data might reflect other factors such as enhanced detection rather than true increases. The National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys (NHANES) are the only nationally representative surveys that examine both diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes. During 1976-1980 (NHANES II) and 1988-1994 (NHANES III), the overall combined prevalence of diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed on the basis of fasting glucose) increased. This report presents data on prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes and impaired fasting glucose from NHANES 1999-2000 and NHANES III (1988-1994). The findings indicate that diabetes and impaired fasting glucose continue to affect a major proportion of the U.S. population. An estimated 29 million (14.4%) persons aged >/=20 years had either diagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, or impaired fasting glucose; 29% of diabetes cases were undiagnosed. Persons can reduce their risk for diabetes through weight management and physical activity.
Mass Transfer Rates of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons between Micron-Size Particles and Their Environment: Theoretical Estimates
Authors: P. Gerde, P. Scholander
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

This paper presents a mathematical model of how rapidly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorb onto initially clean micron-size particles in the ambient air and how fast these substances are likely to be desorbed from the particles after deposition on the surface lining layer of the lung.Results show that, on the one hand, the very low gas-phase concentrations of PAHs in the ambient air should result in a comparatively slow transfer of such compounds to micron-size particles, a process that may last from minutes to hours.On the other hand, the comparatively high solubilities of PAHs in the lining layer of the lung should promote an almost instantaneous release of PAHs onto nonporous particles, and a release within a matter of minutes of most PAHs reversibly adsorbed onto the interior surfaces of porous particles.Two important conclusions can be drawn from this.First, the PAHs in tobacco smoke do not have time enough to interact in the gas phase with other airborne particles before these agents are inhaled into the smoker's lungs.Therefore, adsorption in the gas phase of PAHs onto asbestos fibers can hardly be a characteristic parameter in the mechanism behind the synergistic effect between tobacco smoking and asbestos exposure for the induction of bronchial cancer.Second, the release rate of reversibly adsorbed PAHs from their carrier particles in the lung seems to be so fast that this cannot be a parameter of importance in directly influencing the residence times of such substances in the lung.
Intravenous Hyperalimentation
Authors: Fennell P. Turner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In Dr. Shils's summary of recent advances in parenteral nutrition authorized by the Council on Food and Drugs (220:1721, 1972), it is mentioned that the first use of the term "hyperalimentation" appeared in the clinical literature in 1965 and referred to supplementary feedings of intravenous fat. The term actually was first used by CoTui in 1945 to describe the administration of large amounts of protein hydrolysates and Dextri-Maltose by mouth in order to completely buffer gastric acidity. In the belief that the acidbuffering effect of food given by mouth was less important in the treatment of patients with peptic ulcer than the necessity of giving depleted individuals adequate calories and protein, in 1952 I started feeding large quantities of protein hydrolysates by vein to such patients with peptic ulcer. I called this procedure "intravenous hyperalimentation," as I recommended that more protein than the 1 gm/1 kg of
Tolerance and Response to Initial Systemic Therapy In Older Patients with Follicular Lymphoma (FL): Observations From 186 Unselected Recent Cases In the Practices of US-Based Medical Oncologists (MOs).
Authors: Neil Love, Stephanie A. Gregory, Bruce D. Cheson, Myron S. Czuczman, Melanie Elder, Douglas Paley, Kathryn Ziel
Journal: Blood (2010)
Bone banks.
Authors: J. D. Cash
Journal: BMJ (1992)

ficulties of taking into account the comparative purchasing power of currencies -outside the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development,4 and the countries' large "black economy."But people in most types of occupation, both manual and non-manual, seem to work in the black economy.Relative deprivation was seen not necessarily in relation to direct income distribution but in relation to privileges such as the ability to travel abroad or access to Western goods, privileges that in the West are related to income.Eastern Europe will be a testing ground for Wilkinson's hypothesis in view of the introduction of market forces, which will widen income dif- ferentials appreciably.
Anticoagulants in mitral valve disease.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Anticoagulants in Mitral Valve DiseaseSystemic embolism, the most dangerous complication of mitral valve disease, is largely preventable but remains far too common.It is as common in mitral regurgitation1 as in mitral stenosis and may be the first symptom in a patient previously free from disability.2 3 As many as three-quarters
Can Coupons Help Curb Obesity?
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A clone by any other name is still an ethical concern
Authors: R. Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THE DEBATE over one of medicine's most contentious issues—human embryo research—is beginning in earnest. Public and private groups are convening this month to lay the groundwork for future policy recommendations on how research should proceed and the types of clinical applications that may be considered appropriate. Much of the debate has been carried on for years in medical, scientific, and lay media quarters. But the newest round has been fueled by intense media speculation and ethical concerns surrounding laboratory research in duplicating polyploid embryos. It also is distinguished by a novel federal presence. "This is the first time the subject is being approached at the federal government level," says Duane Alexander, MD, director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md. "We're years behind." <h3>Making Up for Lost Time</h3> Federally sponsored research on in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been held in abeyance since 1980. Regulations in
A Hypothesis to Explain how the Sensory Cortices Respond in the Appropriate Sensory Mode
Authors: Geoffrey A Hocker
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

How does an area of sensory cortex recognize the specific nature of the sensory mode of the stimulus that arrives from the peripheral sensory receptor, when nerve impulses are only all-or-nothing action potentials? Work in animals has shown that an area of sensory cortex can learn in which mode to respond. A period of cortical learning is required for phantom limb phenomena to develop, and for the ocular blind to dream in the visual mode. Arguing from these facts I develop the hypothesis that within the sensory cortices there are neurons that learn by neurotropic factor transport from their sensory receptors to function as surrogates for those receptors, thus enabling sensory cortical response to be modally specific.
Leading cases
Authors: B. Nortell
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ertugliflozin for Type 2 Diabetes
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ackerman's Surgical Pathology
Authors: Nancy E. Warner
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Over the past three decades, this perennial favorite has evolved into a valuable bench text for the practicing surgical pathologist. The new seventh edition, the second one authored by Dr Rosai, maintains the high standard of the previous versions and achieves a new level of excellence. With the application of new techniques, the field of surgical pathology has expanded at an astonishing rate since the last publication of this popular work in 1981. In the new edition, Dr Rosai has managed to condense massive amounts of information into a concise but comprehensive text. Coauthors of three chapters include Drs K. W. Barwick (liver), M. Kashgarian (kidney), and R. D. Brunning (bone marrow). An appendix on computerization of surgical pathology by Dr J. S. Morrow has also been added. Otherwise, the text represents the work of Dr Rosai, reflecting his broad experience in surgical pathology and ensuring uniform quality, coherence, and