tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risks From Antipsychotic Medications in Children and Adolescents—Reply
Authors: Christoph U. Correll
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AMA-RPS Governing Council and Trustee
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ELECTRIC COUNTERSHOCK AND VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mosaic expression of uncein and 180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen in generalized atrophic benign epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Y. MATSUMURA, Y. HORIGUCHI, K. TODA, H. FUJII, S. KORE-EDA, T. TACHIBANA, K. OHTA, H. OKAMOTO, S. IMAMURA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)
Gut Bacteria Shape Therapeutic Response
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2018)

Abstract The composition of patients' gut microbiomes influences whether they will respond to anti–PD-1 therapy, according to a trio of recently published studies. One of the studies also found that using antibiotics can reduce treatment efficacy, presumably by killing important species of gut bacteria. Now researchers are investigating how these findings can be used to increase the proportion of patients who respond to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Abstract 359: Highly Malignant Perinatal Variant of Long-QT Syndrome Caused by a Profoundly Dysfunctional <i>SCN5A</i> Mutation Successfully Treated with Mexiletine and Propranolol
Authors: Dao W Wang, Lia Crotti, Chiara Ferrandi, Thomas H Rhodes, Francesco Cantu, Paolo D Filippo, Peter J Schwartz, Alfred L George
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Perinatal presentation of long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is uncommon but typically more severe and often fatal. We studied the functional and pharmacological properties of a novel SCN5A mutation associated with a highly malignant perinatal variant of LQTS successfully treated with mexiletine and propranolol. The proband was delivered by emergency C-section at 32-weeks because of fetal arrhythmia. Immediately after birth, the infant had polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and a slow sinus rate that were unresponsive to Mg and isoproterenol. Lidocaine controlled ventricular arrhythmia and allowed recognition of a prolonged QTc (520 ms). Treatment with propranolol (1 mg/kg/d) and mexiletine (11 mg/kg/d) normalized the QTc (410 ms) and suppressed ventricular ectopy. One month after discharge, the infant survived ventricular fibrillation and later developed paroxysmal atrial flutter. Genetic testing revealed a novel, de novo missense SCN5A mutation (G1631D) located immediately before the 4 th arginine residue in D4/S4. In vitro electrophysiological studies using whole-cell patch clamp recording of channels expressed in tsA201 cells revealed a profound defect in channel function characterized by ∼10-fold slowing of inactivation, increased persistent current, marked slowing of recovery from inactivation, depolarized voltage-dependence of activation and steady-state channel availability. Single channel recordings demonstrated increased frequency of late openings, increased open times and bursting. These biophysical properties were distinct from typical LQT3 mutations and represent the most severely dysfunctional SCN5A mutation ever reported. The mutant also exhibited 2-fold enhancement of tonic and use-dependent block by mexiletine as compared with wild-type channels. Unexpectedly, the mutant channel also exhibited enhanced tonic block (2.4-fold) and use-dependent block (∼5-fold) by propranolol. Our study demonstrated the molecular basis for a highly malignant perinatal variant of LQTS, illustrated novel functional and pharmacological properties of SCN5A -G1631D which caused the disorder, and illustrated an unexpected clinical benefit of propranolol in blocking mutant Na channels in this setting.
American Medical Association and Railroads.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Variability in Airborne and Biological Measures of Exposure to Mercury in the Chloralkali Industry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Elaine Symanski, Gerd Sallsten, Lars Barregard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Exposure assessment is a critical component of epidemiologic studies, and more sophisticated approaches require that variation in exposure be considered. We examined the intra- and interindividual sources of variation in exposure to mercury vapor as measured in air, blood, and urine among four groups of workers during 1990-1997 at a Swedish chloralkali plant. Consistent with the underlying kinetics of mercury in the body, the variability of biological measures was dampened considerably relative to the variation in airborne levels. Owing to the effects of intraindividual variation, estimating workers' exposures from a few measurements can attenuate measures of effect. To examine such effects on studies relating long-term exposure to a continuous health outcome, we evaluated the utility of each exposure measure by comparing the necessary sample sizes required for accurate estimation of a slope coefficient obtained from a regression analysis. No single measure outperformed the others for all groups of workers. However, when workers were evaluated together, creatinine-corrected urinary mercury better discriminated workers' exposures than airborne or blood mercury levels. Thus, pilot studies should be conducted to examine variability in both air and biomonitoring data because quantitative information about the relative magnitude of the intra- and interindividual sources of variation feeds directly into our efforts to design an optimal sampling strategy when evaluating health risks associated with occupational or environmental contaminants.
Effect of neoadjuvant immunotherapy and targeted therapies on surgical resection in patients with solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Pablo Emilio Serrano Aybar, Sameer Parpia, Leyo Ruo, Kasia Tywonek, Sandra Lee, Connor O'Neill, Noor Faisal, Ali Alfayyadh, Marylrose Gundayao, Brandon M. Meyers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

511 Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is currently being used to treat certain solid tumours prior to surgery. Neoadjuvant therapy may cause delays to resection potentially losing a window of opportunity. We explored the pooled proportion of patients with solid tumours receiving neoadjuvant therapy who completed planned surgical resection. Methods: Medline, CENTRAL and Embase databases were searched for single arm or randomized controlled trials studying neoadjuvant PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy or TKI therapy. Random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled proportion of patients undergoing planned resection, and weights were estimated using inverse variance method. Statistical heterogeneity was calculated using the I 2 and chi-squared test. Results: From 368 relevant articles, eleven studies with a total of 382 patients receiving neoadjuvant PD-1 immunotherapy (n = 234) or neoadjuvant TKI therapy (n = 148) were analyzed. The types of tumours included hepatocellular carcinoma (1 study), renal cell carcinoma (8 studies), bladder carcinoma (1 study) or non-small cell lung cancer (1 study). The pooled proportion of patients who completed planned surgery after neoadjuvant therapy was 95% (95% CI 0.92 to 0.99). The overall partial response rate prior to surgery was 12% (95% CI 0.07 to 0.16) in the PD-1 therapy group and 46% (95% CI -0.12 to 1.03) in the TKI group. The pooled serious adverse events rate was 17% (95% CI 0.02 to 0.32) in the PD-1 therapy group and 29% (95% CI -0.10 to 0.68) in the TKI group. For all patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy, the pooled median overall survival was 23.41 months (95% CI 16.21 to 30.62) and median progression free survival was 7.46 months (95% CI 4.41 to 10.51). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant PD-1 or TKI therapy prior to surgery for solid tumours is safe, does not delay surgical resection and can result in a partial radiological response prior to surgery.
Molecular Mechanisms in Cancer Induction and Prevention
Authors: Carmeia Borek
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Chemical and physical carcinogens, present in our environment and encountered in a variety of occupations, produce damage to DNA.X-rays produce direct ionizations and indirect hydroxyl radical attack.UV light in the short wavelength is specifically absorbed by unsaturated bonds in DNA, RNA, and proteins.There are a number of genetic sites that are specifically affected by environmental agents, and an increased sensitivity is found in certain genetic diseases.The development of a fully malignant tumor involves the activation or altered expression of oncogenes or the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes that control normal cellular develop- ment.Mutations in the p53 tumor-suppressor gene are common in diverse types of cancer and could perhaps provide clues to the etiology of some cancers and to the effect of various environmental and occupational carcinogens in cancer development.The fact that environmental factors are involved to a great extent in cancer suggest that cancer may be preventable.Experimental as well as epidemiological data indicate that a variety of nutritional factors can act as anticarcinogens and inhibit the process of cancer development and reduce cancer risk.The interaction of cells with a number of environmental and occupational genotoxic substances such as X-rays, UV light, and a variety of chemicals including ozone results in an enhanced generation of free oxygen radicals and in modified pro-oxidant states.A number of nutritional factors such as vitamins A, C, E, 1-carotene, and micronutrients such as selenium act as antioxidants and anticarcinogens.Certain hormones such as thyroid hormones enhance oxidative processes and act as a co-transforming factor in carcinogenesis.A number of bioactive lipids act as cancer preventive agents.Sphingolipids act on signal transduction pathways and inhibit protein kinase C and multistep carcinogenesis.Sphingolipids are found in dairy products and milk.Omega-3 fatty acids suppress X-ray induced transformation as well as promotion.They also inhibit transfor- mation by the ras oncogene.The w-3 fatty acids act in part by reducing prostaglandin synthesis.In addition, the w-3 fatty acids alter the composition of membrane fatty acids that are released from one or more phospholipids, causing remodeling of cellular phospholipids and reduced arachidonate-containing species.Such remodeling interferes with transformation.
Abstract 4008: Association of lung cavitation development with apatinib treatment outcomes in advanced gastric and NSCLC patients with multichemotherapy failure
Authors: Man Jiang, Chuantao Zhang, Dong Liu, Na Zhou, Yongjie Wang, Helei Hou, Tianjun Li, Hongying Lv, Jingjuan Zhu, Chuanyu Zhang, Xiaochun Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Patients who receive antiangiogenic agents commonly develop cavitation in their lung lesions. This symptom has also been found in apatinib-treated patients with lung tumors. The present study evaluated the frequency and clinical outcomes of patients who developed tumor cavitation following apatinib treatment. Experimental Design: This was a retrospective study of 189 patients with lung tumors who were treated with 250 mg per day of apatinib between February 1, 2015, and May 19, 2017. Clinical data were retrieved from their medical records, and chest imaging findings were documented. Survival data were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier estimates and were compared with a log-rank test. OR values were analyzed for the effect factor of cavitation development. Results: Cavitation development showed a benefit for patients on apatinib therapy regardless of whether they had primary or metastatic lung cancer. For patients without cavitation, metastatic lung cancer had greater 6-month LRC, PFS and OS rates than did primary lung cancer. No significant association was found between histological type and survival analysis in apatinib-treated NSCLC patients. Increased CEA levels promoted PFS in patients on apatinib who developed cavitation. However, changes in CEA values did not predict LRC, OS or PFS in patients who developed no cavitation. OR analysis showed that increased CEA levels were a risk factor for cavitation development. Interpretation: This was a retrospective real-world study approved by the ethics committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer and NSCLC who had progressed or relapsed after undergoing at least two lines of systemic therapy in accordance with NCCN guidelines and had never received antiangiogenic therapy were included. Conclusions: Lung cavitation development is common with apatinib therapy and is a potential prognostic biomarker. CEA is not a prognostic biomarker but is a prospective biomarker for lung cavitation in apatinib-treated patients. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Man Jiang, Chuantao Zhang, Dong Liu, Na Zhou, Yongjie Wang, Helei Hou, Tianjun Li, Hongying Lv, Jingjuan Zhu, Chuanyu Zhang, Xiaochun Zhang. Association of lung cavitation development with apatinib treatment outcomes in advanced gastric and NSCLC patients with multichemotherapy failure [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4008.
The Box
Authors: Christopher K. Migliore
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

On Being a Doctor3 July 2018The BoxChristopher K. Migliore, MD, MSChristopher K. Migliore, MD, MSUniversity of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky (C.K.M.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0706 Audio Reading - “The Box” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Box," by C.K. Migliore. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail One of my responsibilities as chief medical resident is to host a monthly autopsy conference, where we tease out the admission details and formally present the case. The pathology resident then presents the details of the autopsy, including whether the original diagnosis was correct, any clues that could have been used to make different decisions during management, and the histology-proven cause of death. These cases can be some of the toughest we encounter.The case I was presenting wasn't a mystery. To be honest, I had no idea why my pathology colleague chose it. A white man in his 30s ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky (C.K.M.)Corresponding Author: Christopher K. Migliore, MD, MS, Division of General Internal Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, PH9-105, New York, NY 10025; e-mail, [email protected]columbia.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Box” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Box," by C.K. Migliore. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRequiring Buprenorphine Waivers for Psychiatry ResidentsOxycodone abuse/overdose 3 July 2018Volume 169, Issue 1Page: 58KeywordsAddictsChartsChildrenDrugsFemurOpioidsOxycodoneRespiratory rateRiversWalking ePublished: 3 July 2018 Issue Published: 3 July 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Can a Vegetarian Be Well Nourished?
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunology of Reactive Arthritides
Authors: G. Burmester
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1995)

Reactive arthritis (ReA) and Lyme arthritis together comprise a pair of chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints. Although differing in detail, these relatively rare diseases are related in their immunopathology to the much commoner rheumatoid arthritis (RA), for which they serve as both model and control. The trigger for rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, but for these rarer diseases triggering occurs by certain well-defined bacterial infections. Arthritis is an uncommon outcome of these infections, for reasons unknown, and the development of chronic, as distinct from brief, arthritis is even rarer; again, the reasons are unknown. Not only does knowing the trigger greatly assist us in understanding these diseases, so also does knowing the contrasting pattern of Th1 versus Th2 cytokines observed in RA and ReA. ReA and Lyme arthritis are here considered in the wider setting of infections where chronic morbidity arises first from hypersensitivity, and perhaps finally from autoimmunity, such as occurs in some of the major tropical diseases. The immunology of ReA and Lyme disease is surveyed in detail, concentrating on T cells and including an update on the Lyme vaccine(s). Additional sections deal with the enigma of HLA B27, with epidemiological findings relevant to the chronicity of ReA and to the need for enlarged prospective studies of ReA in the setting of a developing country.