tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ten-year follow-up report on Birmingham Diabetes Survey of 1961. Report by the Birmingham Diabetes Survey Working Party.
Journal: BMJ (1976)

In a diabetes survey in 1960-1, 808 patients from a whole-practice population who either had glycosuria or were used as age- and sex-matched controls were given a 50-g oral glucose tolerance test (GTT). Ten years later the test was repeated in 382 cases. Of the original group, 126 had died and a similar number refused the second test. The original GTT results were classed as normal or as showing GTT diabetes, lag storage, renal glycosuria, or miscellaneous abnormalities. Most of those who converted to florid diabetes came from the GTT diabetes group, all the remainder having shown another minor degree of abnormality in the test; 23% with GTT diabetes, however, remained unchanged, while 32% returned to normal or had only minor anomalies. Of the original lag-storage group 57% remained unchanged or became normal, though 24% had converted to a diabetic abnormality. Renal glycosuria was an innocent peculiarity. The various miscellaneous abnormalities tended to change and showed an excessive conversion to diabetes. There was no accelerating trend towards diabetes in the second five years of follow-up. Those who developed florid diabetes showed an excess mortality comparable to that of clinical diabetics in general. Those who remained normal had the lowest mortality, while those with minor abnormalities occupied an intermediate position.
Abstract 16994: RNA Editing Controls Gene Expression in Atherosclerotic Heart Disease by Enabling HuR-mediated Posttranscriptional Regulation
Authors: Konstantinos Stellos, Aikaterini Gatsiou, Reinier Boon, David John, Boris Fürtig, Federica F Lunella, Carolin Amrhein, Yosif Manavski, Xintian You, Shizuka Uchida, Till Keller, Jes-Niels Boeckel, Wei Chen, Harald Schwalbe, Andreas M Zeiher, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is catalysed by ADARs (adenosine deaminases acting on RNA) and is an important posttranscriptional regulator of RNA metabolism. Although RNA editing is essential for life, its role in cardiovascular disease is unknown. Methods and Results: Next generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of human endothelial cells revealed that ADAR1 edits almost 25% of endothelial transcriptome, regulates gene expression (135 transcripts were at least 2-fold regulated after ADAR1 knockdown) and controls endothelial cell function. Among the highest edited transcripts is cathepsin S (CTSS), an extracellular matrix degradation enzyme with an established role in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. The number of edited nucleotides in the 3’UTR of CTSS mRNA was increased under hypoxic conditions and was strongly associated with increased CTSS expression (r=0.971, P=0.029). Most importantly, absence of RNA editing resulted in a 3-fold decrease of CTSS mRNA expression under hypoxic conditions. RNA-seq analysis of 8 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 4 healthy subjects revealed that A-to-I RNA editing of CTSS 3’UTR is significantly increased in patients with CHD compared to control healthy subjects (P&lt;0.001). Most importantly, a strong association was observed between RNA editing in the CTSS 3’UTR and mRNA expression in our cohort (r&gt;0.7, P&lt;0.001). Mechanistically, RNA-immunoprecipitation, mRNA stability, luciferase reporter assays, mutagenesis experiments and NMR spectroscopy revealed that silencing of ADAR1 completely inhibited RNA editing of the 3’UTR of CTSS mRNA, which consequently affected CTSS RNA secondary structure, HuR binding to the CTSS 3’UTR and finally CTSS mRNA stability and protein expression (P&lt;0.001 for all). Taken into consideration that 82% of edited genes in 3’UTR are enriched for HuR binding sites, RNA editing may critically regulate HuR-mediated posttranscriptional regulation and thus gene expression. Conclusion: This study suggests a novel primate-specific mechanism that may account for the increased cathepsin S expression in ischemic/inflammatory diseases and it may serve as a prototypical example for the evaluation of RNA-based mechanisms in health and disease.
Update of the EAU/ESPU guidelines on urinary tract infections in children
Authors: L.A. ’t Hoen, G. Bogaert, C. Radmayr, H.S. Dogan, R.J.M. Nijman, J. Quaedackers, Y.F. Rawashdeh, M.S. Silay, S. Tekgul, N.R. Bhat, R. Stein
Journal: European Urology (2021)
Spleen stiffness-based models can predict presence of esophageal varices in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis stratified by liver disease etiology
Authors: Mauro Giuffrè, Matteo Rossano Buonocore, Michele Campigotto, Anna Colombo, Alessia Visintin, Alessandro Aversano, Martina Budel, Sofia Fouraki, Fabio Tinè, Cristiana Abazia, Flora Masutti, Saveria Lory Crocé
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
History
Authors: Peter McCandless
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Near death in twins, reported 22 years ago
Authors: M. Bass
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantification of apolipoprotein A-I and B messenger RNA in heavy drinkers according to liver disease
Authors: P MATHURIN
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

It has previously been shown that, in heavy drinkers, serum apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) levels are closely related to the degree of liver injury: they are at a maximum in patients with steatosis, begin to decrease in patients with fibrosis, and reach a minimum in patients with severe cirrhosis. In contrast with serum ApoA-I variations, serum apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels are stable. The assessment of messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of ApoA-I and ApoB using a quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was performed in 18 alcoholic patients: 8 with normal livers or steatosis (group I), 6 with fibrosis or nonsevere cirrhosis (group II), and 4 with severe cirrhosis (group III). For ApoA-I, group I had higher serum levels (208.4 ± 37.6 mg/dL mean ± SE) and mRNA levels (0.51 ± 0.12) than group II (serum 116 ± 19 mg/dL, P < .01, mRNA 0.40 ± 0.11, P < .09) or group III (serum 56.5 ± 28.6 mg/dL, P < .01, mRNA 0.27 ± .02, P = .008). For ApoB, the three groups had similar serum ApoB levels: 129.9 ± 37.7, 121 ± 51, 120.7 ± 57.4 mg/dL. Group I presented higher levels of ApoB mRNA than those of group III (0.68 ± 0.21 vs. 0.41 ± 0.18, P < .06). There was a significant correlation between serum and mRNA levels of ApoA-I (r = .65, P = .003) but no correlation between serum and mRNA levels of ApoB (r = .19, NS). We suggest that (1) steatosis is associated with increased ApoA-I mRNA; (2) fibrosis is associated with decreased serum ApoA-I, probably caused by a posttranscriptional mechanism; (3) severe alcohol-induced cirrhosis is associated with a nonspecific decrease in ApoA-I and ApoB mRNA; and (4) in contrast to ApoA-I mRNA, the ApoB mRNA level makes a slight contribution to the ApoB serum concentration.
Drug and neurotransmitter receptors. New perspectives with clinical relevance
Authors: S. H. Snyder
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our understanding of drug and neurotransmitter receptors has been greatly advanced by receptor binding techniques. The theme of multiple-receptor subtypes with clinical relevance is highlighted by calcium antagonist and benzodiazepine receptors. Numerous drugs may exert therapeutic and untoward effects via calcium channels. Examples include effects of loperamide hydrochloride on diarrhea, the phenothiazine thioridazine hydrochloride on cardiac and ejaculatory function, and the neuromuscular toxicity of aminoglycosides. Elevated numbers of calcium antagonist receptors in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may be involved in the pathophysiology of this disease. Benzodiazepines act via discrete central and peripheral receptors. At central receptors, benzodiazepines facilitate the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter -y-aminobutyric acid. Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors are localized to mitochondria and enriched in several endocrine glands where they are influenced by therapeutic blood levels of benzodiazepines such as diazepam. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;261:3126-3129)
HEPATOLOGY HIGHLIGHTS *
Authors: Harvey J. Alter
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Do Not Ask for Whom the Receptor Tolls: It Tolls-Like for NS3Otsuka and coworkers in Tokyo perform a brilliant microdissection of the interactions between HCV-NS3 protein and the Tolllike 3 receptor (TLR-3) pathway.Their study builds on a prior study by Foy et al. (Science 2003) which demonstrated that NS3 protein inhibited the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), in turn inhibiting induction of IFN-␤, a key component of the innate immune response.This virus-specific inhibition of innate immunity was considered one of the early keys to establishing persistent infection.Otsuka et al. carry this observation further to more precisely define the mechanisms of NS3 inhibitory activity.As background, in the life cycle of RNA viruses, double-stranded RNA is generated and recognized by TLR-3 resulting in activation of IRF-3, a key regulator of type 1 interferons.To investigate these interactions at the molecular level, Otsuka et al. focused on TRIF, an adaptor molecule responsible for linking TRL-3 and IRF-3, and recently identified kinases, TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1) and IKK, that have been shown to associate with both IRF-3 and TRIF.Using HCV replicon-harboring cells and interferon cured cells, they demonstrated that transfection with a TRIF expression plasmid induced IRF-3 and IFN-␤ promoter activation.They then showed that transient transfection with NS3 and NS3/4A inhibited TRIF-mediated induction of IFN-␤ promoter whereas NS2, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B had no inhibitory effect.(See Fig .)By inserting a stop codon into NS-3 RNA such that the expression of NS-3 protein was blocked, they showed that the inhibitory effect was due to NS-3 protein and not NS-3 RNA.Next in coimmunoprecipitation experiments, they showed that NS-3 bound to the kinase TBK1 and to IKK but they focused on TBK1 because it is ubiquitously expressed.It was further found using NS3-deleted expression plasmids that it is the helicase domain of NS3 that binds to TBK1 and not the protease domain.Having established that NS-3 binds to TBK1 and knowing that TBK1 binds to IRF-3, they then did critical experiments which showed that TBK1 binding to IRF-3 was inhibited in the pres-ence of NS3 protein as was TRIF-related phosphorylation of IRF-3, the latter necessary for IRF dimerization and its downstream effect on IFN-␤ production.This is an important study that further builds on the concept that HCV proteins, especially, but not exclusively, NS3 inhibit the host innate and adaptive immune responses and foster viral persistence.While the bottom line of viral persistence may be diminished and dysfunctional cell-mediated immune responses, it is becoming increasingly clear that the virus plays a critical role in its own survival by its high mutability, quasispecies nature and the direct inhibitory effects of the proteins it expresses in abundance.This is a very clever virus that is clearly taking its Toll.
Educational Epidemiology
Authors: Afschin Gandjour
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Total Shown for Number of Tested Offspring in: Implications of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Transmitted by Sperm Donation
Authors: Jeanette Chung, David Meltzer, Paulina Jaramillo
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Barry J. Maron, MD; John R. Lesser, MD; Nelson B. Schiller, MD; Kevin M. Harris, MD; Colleen Brown, ScM; Heidi L. Rehm, PhD
J Thoracic &amp;amp; Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Louis
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Contents page + Editorial Board
Authors: Sebastien Bouret, Susan Sara, Michael Wegner, C Stolt, Judith Stegmu, Azad Bonni, Alberto Bacci, John Huguenard, David Prince, Shigeru Kitazawa, Daniel Wolpert, Thomas Schoenfeld, Thomas Trendsin, Sian Lewis, Heather Yeomans, Patrick Liu, Manager Moulton
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2005)
Farr's law applied to AIDS projections
Authors: D. J. Bregman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Farr's Law of Epidemics, first promulgated in 1840 and resurrected by Brownlee in the early 1900s, states that epidemics tend to rise and fall in a roughly symmetrical pattern that can be approximated by a normal bell-shaped curve. We applied this simple law to the reported annual incidence of cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States from 1982 through 1987. The 6 years of incidence data closely fit a normal distribution that crests in late 1988 and then declines to a low point by the mid-1990s. The projected size of the epidemic falls in the range of 200 000 cases. A continuing incidence of endemic cases can be expected to emerge, but we believe it will occur at a low level. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1522-1525)
Elective acquaints medical students with abortion
Authors: D. Swartzberg
Journal: JAMA (1995)

FACED WITH an increasingly hostile climate, some pro-choice advocates in academic medicine are teaching their students about abortion earlier and in more detail in hopes of ensuring that trained professionals will be available to perform the procedure in the future. The American Medical Women's Association (AMWA) has developed a 1-month elective for fourth-year medical students as part of its Reproductive Health Initiative (RHI). The pilot program offers students practical experience in a variety of health care settings, observing and participating in counseling and abortion procedures. The program gives equal weight to a number of reproductive health issues, including physician-patient communication, sexually transmitted diseases, contraception, and primary care in fertility. The development of the course reflects a growing concern about the lack of abortion providers in the United States. The pilot curriculum, created by a 22-member advisory committee of the AMWA, was initiated in July at Columbia University College of Physicians
Metabolomics in pneumonia and sepsis: an analysis of the GenIMS cohort study
Authors: Christopher W. Seymour, Sachin Yende, Melanie J. Scott, John Pribis, Robert P. Mohney, Lauren N. Bell, Yi-Fan Chen, Brian S. Zuckerbraun, William L. Bigbee, Donald M. Yealy, Lisa Weissfeld, John A. Kellum, Derek C. Angus
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
BOSTON GYNÆCOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Home offices
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Defibrillation by ambulance staff.
Journal: BMJ (1989)

to 1) blockers as the sole agent to treat hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus in black patients.It has been emphasised that the use of angio- tensin converting enzyme inhibitors should be tempered with caution."This is especially so with captopril as the sole agent for treating hypertension associated with diabetic nephropathv in different ethnic groups.
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Paul W. Ladenson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>CASE PRESENTATION</h3> —Howard Baum, MD A 35-YEAR-OLD white man with known primary adrenal insufficiency presented to the endocrinology clinic complaining of clumsiness in the legs. The patient was well until age 19 years, when he experienced three episodes of fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and extreme fatigue, each more severe than the previous. On the third occasion, the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency was made based on low serum cortisol levels before and after corticotropin stimulation. Daily oral adrenal steroid replacement therapy was begun. The patient generally was well in subsequent years, increasing his dose of cortisone acetate when suffering an intercurrent illness. He remained tan throughout the year. Several months before this presentation the patient noted clumsiness in his lower extremities. His athletic ability, while never outstanding, declined. He noticed stiffness in the legs after prolonged sitting and commented that there was diminished sensation in the feet. There was no weakness