tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Why Medicine
Authors: Kay F. McFarland
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reflections on the Relationship Between Psychiatric Genetics and Psychiatric Nosology
Authors: Kenneth Kendler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Research advances in psychiatric genetics have raised expectations that genetic findings might lead to major breakthroughs in psychiatric nosology. The author reviews the plausibility of these claims. Four areas are addressed. First, it is argued that familial aggregation of a single putative psychiatric syndrome provides at best limited evidence for the validity of that syndrome. Second, both traditional and molecular genetic strategies can supply important insights into major diagnostic conundrums. However, evidence that one or a few individual genes impact on risk for two disorders is not likely to resolve definitively the nosologic relationship between the two syndromes. Third, while gene-based essentialist models for psychiatric disorders are conceptually appealing, they are not well supported empirically. Gene discovery in psychiatry is, on its own, unlikely to allow us to “carve nature at its joints,” thereby validating categorical psychiatric diagnoses. Fourth, the project to ground “messy” psychiatric categories on the firm foundation of genes—as an archetypal natural kind—may be fundamentally flawed because the very concept of “the gene” as a discrete entity is itself increasingly in doubt. Whereas psychiatric genetics has and will continue to provide important insights into the etiology of psychiatric and substance use disorders, it is not likely alone to provide deep answers to the complex and multifaceted problems facing psychiatric nosology.
Detection and management of mental health problems of older patients by primary care providers
Authors: P. S. German
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Evidence is accruing that older individuals receive little attention for mental health problems and that any attention that is given is most often within the primary care setting. A randomized clinical trial was carried out at a primary care clinic of The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, testing the ability of feedback of the results of a screening instrument (the General Health Questionnaire) to increase awareness in clinicians of the emotional and psychological problems of their patients. This report contrasts those aged 65 years and older with younger patients. Detection and management of mental morbidity were lower for older individuals, but the feedback intervention increased the likelihood of attention to these problems. This was not true for younger patients. Detection was significantly higher for older patients when screening data were made available, as was management, although the latter difference was not statistically significant. There was evidence as well that the intervention moved clinicians to greater congruence with their older patients in the perception that current mental health problems existed. These findings have important implications for primary care. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:489-493)
Blue Ridge orthopedics
Authors: D. Couk
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>A Drive Through the Country</h3> There was a period during what I now call "the bad old days" when I was the only practicing orthopedist in all of Culpeper, Fauquier, Orange, Madison, and Rappahannock counties, an area in northwestern Virginia with a population of almost 80,000.I look back and wonder how and why I kept going during those years. I remember one Mother's Day weekend when I worked night and day, except for a few short naps, all day Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. We were having a large number of car accidents with serious injuries. I finally got to bed at around ten o'clock on Sunday night. I had a heavy operating schedule the following day, so I was thankful to get some sleep. I had slept for about two hours when the phone rang. (I always put my phone on the far side of the room, because if
Cancer. Post-Graduate Lectures, Delivered under the Auspices of the Fellowship of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Audit of the frequency and clinical response to excessive oral anticoagulation in an out‐patient population
Authors: Malcolm L. Brigden, Christina Kay, Alan Le, Christine Graydon, Barbara McLeod
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

A retrospective review of over-anticoagulated patients with critical international normalized ratios (INRs) was undertaken in a large outpatient laboratory.In the six-month study period, 85 prothrombin times (PTs) were identified with an INR of у6.0, an overall incidence of elevated PTs of 0.2% or two per 1,000 INR tests.Complete follow-up data was available on 65 patients.When compared to an age-and gender-matched control group without INR у6.0, high-INR patients were significantly more likely to manifest the presence of alcoholism or liver disease, to have been anticoagulated for less than six months, to have experienced more frequent warfarin dosage changes, and to have had the addition of a medication known to interact with warfarin.In the high-INR group, a likely cause for the specific critical INR was identified in 44 patients (68%).Drug interactions followed by compliance problems were the most common factors identified.The 13 patients (20%) who received vitamin K therapy experienced no difference in the clinical outcome compared with those managed conservatively.Conservative management of critically high INR values appeared to be as efficacious as intervention with vitamin K therapy.Am.
Error
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>Circulation</i> : Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2011)

A Single-Institution ExperienceKawasaki disease, a systemic vasculitis with unknown origin, is the most frequent acquired cardiovascular disease in children in developed countries.Despite appropriate treatment, including high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin infusion and aspirin, a certain number of patients develop giant coronary aneurysms (Ն8 mm) that could undergo remodeling, leading to ischemic heart disease.In the last 15 years, we have developed catheter and surgical interventions for this ischemic heart disease and proposed indications of these treatments.As a result, the long-term survival of patients with giant coronary aneurysms is moderately good, ie, 90% at 20 years and 87% at 30 years after onset.However, the result of catheter and surgical coronary intervention may not be satisfactory in this setting because many patients require repeat procedures.In addition, it is still difficult to treat small children with ischemic heart disease caused by Kawasaki disease.Further research should focus on medical treatment to prevent coronary vascular remodeling and the indications for and effectiveness of catheter and surgical coronary interventions.See p 1836.
Epstein‐Barr virus infection in Richter's transformation
Authors: Stephen M. Ansell, Chin‐Yang Li, Ricardo V. Lloyd, Robert L. Phyliky
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may convert to a diffuse large cell lymphoma (Richter's syndrome) over time. In occasional cases of Richter's transformation, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been identified in the lymphoma cells. To evaluate the association of EBV infection with Richter's syndrome, the biopsy specimens and clinical records of 25 patients who were seen at the Mayo Clinic between 1984–1996 were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of EBV by immunoperoxidase staining for expression of EBV latent membrane protein (LMP), as well as the expression of EBV RNA and DNA in the cells by in situ hybridization. Four of the 25 patients showed evidence of EBV in the diffuse large cell lymphoma cells—three patients with a B-cell phenotype were positive for LMP, EBV DNA, and RNA; and one patient with a T-cell phenotype had positive EBV RNA in the large cell lymphoma cells. The Richter's syndrome was treated with combination chemotherapy in 15 patients, three received radiotherapy, three were followed without further therapy after a splenectomy, two died before treatment could be started, and one patient had insufficient follow-up. One patient with evidence of EBV in large cell lymphoma cells was treated with acyclovir as initial therapy. The median survival of EBV-positive patients was three months compared with nine months for EBV-negative patients, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.385). Evidence for EBV infection related to Richter's transformation was present in 16% of the patients in this study and may be associated with a poorer outcome. Primary therapy with acyclovir in one patient did not seem to be beneficial and other therapeutic modalities in patients with EBV-positive Richter's transformation need to be explored. Am J. Hematol. 60:99–104, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Modifying Factors in Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis
Authors: Nobuyuki Ito, Shoji Fukushima, Tomoyuki Shirai, Keisuke Nakanishi, Ryohei Hasegawa, Katsumi Imaida
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) is a potent carcinogen in the urinary bladder of animals. The BBN model of bladder cancer is an excellent model of human urinary bladder cancer and has already led to a greater knowledge of its pathogenesis. In our studies, histogenesis and morphological characteristics of BBN urinary bladder cancer were analyzed in different animal species such as rats, mice, hamsters and guinea pigs and also in different rat strains. Papillary or nodular hyperplasia (PN hyperplasia) is found to be a preneoplastic lesion of the rat urinary bladder. Therefore, the promoting and inhibitory effects of various chemicals in two-stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis were judged by measuring PN hyperplasia in rats. Dose-dependent and organ-specific effects of the urinary bladder promoter, saccharin, in the induction of PN hyperplasia were shown in rats after initiation by BBN. The promoting effect of saccharin was seen more clearly in the urinary bladder of rats after potent initiation. A strain difference in susceptibility of the urinary bladder to the promoter was also shown. These results suggest that the above various factors may also have modifying activities on urinary bladder carcinogenesis in man.
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2020)

Mucocutaneous Disease in Children With CAP 144In this longitudinal cohort study, Meyer Sauteur and colleagues examined the frequency and clinical presentation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced mucocutaneous disease in 152 children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Results showed that mucocutaneous disease occurred much more frequently in children with CAP due to M pneumoniae than in those with CAP of other origins.Mucocutaneous disease was associated with increased systemic inflammation, morbidity, and a higher risk of long-term sequelae.Ramien and Bruckner provide an Editorial.
Human Nasal Mucosal Changes after Exposure to Urban Pollution
Authors: Lilian Calderon-Garciduenas, Antonio Rodriguez-Alcaraz, Raquel Garcia, Gabriela Sanchez, Gerardo Barragan, Rosaura Camacho, Leticia Ramirez
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Millions of people worldwide are living in areas where ozone (03) concentrations exceed hea standards (anihourl average of 235 pgmim30.12ppm, not t" be eceede more than once per year).Ozone induces acute nasal inflammatory rponses and Significant epithelial lesions in experimental animals and humans.To determine the nasal effects of a 15-day exposure to an urban pollutdatimospher.with 03 as..the main pett, studied a of healthy, young males niewly arrived to soutiwest metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC).The study included 49 non- smoking residents in an unpolluted port, Veracu City;. 14subjec stayd in the port and served as controls, while 35 subjects
Pistol-Shot Wound Through the Head
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer Research, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society
Authors: Fred M. Kusumoto, Mark H. Schoenfeld, Coletta Barrett, James R. Edgerton, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Michael R. Gold, Nora F. Goldschlager, Robert M. Hamilton, José A. Joglar, Robert J. Kim, Richard Lee, Joseph E. Marine, Christopher J. McLeod, Keith R. Oken, Kristen K. Patton, Cara N. Pellegrini, Kimberly A. Selzman, Annemarie Thompson, Paul D. Varosy
Journal: Circulation (2019)
Species Differences in Pharmacokinetics and Drug Teratogenesis
Authors: Heinz Nau
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Interspecies differences in regard to the teratogenicity of drugs can be the result of differing pharmacokinetic processes that determine the crucial concentration-time relationships in the embryo. Maternal absorption, as well as distribution, of the drugs does not usually show great species differences. The first-pass effect after oral application is often more pronounced in animals than man (e.g., valproic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid), although in some cases the reverse was found (e.g., hydrolysis of valpromide). Existing differences can be adjusted by appropriate choice of the administration route and measurements of drug levels. Many variables determine the placental transfer of drugs: developmental stage, type of placenta, properties of the drug. Even closely related drugs (e.g., retinoids) may differ greatly in regard to placental transfer. Maternal protein binding is an important determinant of placental transfer, since only the free concentration in maternal plasma can equilibrate with the embryo during organogenesis; this parameter differs greatly across species (e.g., valproic acid: five times higher free fractions in mouse and hamster than in monkey and man). The metabolic pattern has not yet been demonstrated to be a major cause of species differences, although recent evidence on phenytoin and thalidomide support the hypothesis that some species differences can be the result of differing activation/deactivation pathways. Laboratory animals usually have a much higher rate of drug elimination than man. Drastic drug level fluctuations are therefore present during teratogenicity testing in animals, but not to the same degree in human therapy. It must, therefore, be investigated if peak concentrations (such as for valproic acid and possibly caffeine) or the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) (such as for cyclophosphamide and possibly retinoids) correlate with the teratogenic response. Only then is a rational and scientific basis for interspecies comparison possible. It is concluded that the prediction of the human response based on animal studies can be improved by consideration of the appropriate pharmacokinetic determinants.
Next-of-Kin Responses and Do-Not-Resuscitate Implications for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Authors: Nathan E. Goldstein, Rachel Lampert, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters19 April 2005Next-of-Kin Responses and Do-Not-Resuscitate Implications for Implantable Cardioverter DefibrillatorsNathan E. Goldstein, MD, Rachel Lampert, MD, and Harlan M. Krumholz, MDNathan E. Goldstein, MDFrom The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.Search for more papers by this author, Rachel Lampert, MDFrom The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.Search for more papers by this author, and Harlan M. Krumholz, MDFrom The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-8-200504190-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Morrison and Sinclair that bereaved next of kin may well report the experiences of deceased patients inaccurately. Nevertheless, the perspectives of survivors are important as a first estimate of the experience of patients and as evidence of the impact on family, which is important in its own right. Prospective interviews or observation may well provide other insights, but chart review has substantial limitations in completeness of the data, and after-death review of a defibrillator's memory is uncommon.As for the issue of what a DNR order means for a patient, our finding of a low ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoManagement of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in End-of-Life Care Nathan E. Goldstein , Rachel Lampert , Elizabeth Bradley , Joanne Lynn , and Harlan M. Krumholz Next-of-Kin Responses and Do-Not-Resuscitate Implications for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators Laura J. Morrison and Christian T. Sinclair Metrics 19 April 2005Volume 142, Issue 8Page: 677KeywordsChartsConflicts of interestEnd of life careMemoryPatient advocacy ePublished: 19 April 2005 Issue Published: 19 April 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...