tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of nedocromil sodium on neurogenic mechanisms in vitro
Authors: A MYERS, M RICCIO, B UNDEM
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)

We have developed a guinea pig model that allows monitoring of single afferent nerve fiber activity after stimulation of tracheal nerve endings with various stimuli. Action potentials from nodose or jugular neurons are recorded extracellularly. Previous experiments have shown that the excitability of the nerve endings to, for example, mechanical stimuli can be increased by antigen challenge of presensitized guinea pigs. Nedocromil sodium 10-4 mol/L significantly reduced by more than 50% the generation of action potentials in C fibers in response to stimulation by capsaicin. The precise mechanism is not known, although the membrane depolarization induced by capsaicin was reduced in the presence of nedocromil sodium. This agent did not have a generalized inhibitory effect on afferent excitability because it had no effect on sensitivity to electrical or mechanical stimuli. Nedocromil sodium did not affect the generation of action potentials in Aδ and C fibers in the presence of hypertonic saline solution. (J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL 1996;98:S107-11.)
LETTER FROM PHILADELPHIA.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence of asthma among schoolchildren in Patras, Greece: three surveys over 20 years
Authors: M Anthracopoulos, A Karatza, E Liolios, M Triga, K Triantou, K Priftis
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of asthma among schoolchildren in 1978, 1991, and 1998 in Patras, Greece. METHODS The study populations of the three comparable cross sectional surveys comprised third and fourth grade public school children in Patras, Greece. Sample sizes in 1978, 1991, and 1998 were 3735, 2952 and 3397 children and response rates were 80.4%, 81.9%, and 90.6%, respectively. Prevalence of current, non-current, and lifetime asthma or recurrent wheezing was determined by parental questionnaire. Personal communication with the parents of asthmatic children in 1991 and 1998 provided data on lost schooldays. RESULTS Prevalence rates of current asthma or wheezing in 1978, 1991, and 1998 were 1.5%, 4.6%, and 6.0%, respectively (1978–91: p=0.01, 1991–98: p=0.02, 1978–98: p=0.03). Lifetime prevalences of asthma or wheezing in 1991 and 1998 were 8.0% and 9.6%, respectively (p=0.03). Current diagnosed asthma increased proportionally to diagnosed wheezing during 1991–98. The number of schooldays lost in the previous 2 years because of asthma did not change (p&gt;0.1) between 1991 (0.31 per child) and 1998 (0.34 per child). CONCLUSIONS Our results support a true increase in the prevalence of current and lifetime asthma in the last 20 years among pre-adolescent children in Patras, Greece.
Lachende Medizin
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigendum
Journal: BMJ (1932)

I should be grateful for information as to the value of a blood test in proving the paternity of a child.* The blood-group test can never give positive evidence that a certain man is the father of a certain child.It can prove either that he may have been its father, or that he could not possibly have been its father.The test for one of the classical four groups will definitely eliminate a given man in about one case in six, but if the test for the M and
Book Review Practical Handbook of the Pathology of the Skin: An introduction to the histology, pathology, bacteriology and mycology of the skin with special reference to technique . By J. M. H. Macleod, M.D., F.R.C.P. (Lond.); and I. Muende, M.B., B.Sc. (Lond.) Second edition. 8°, cloth, 415 pp., with 27 colored and 125 black-and-white illustrations. New York: Paul B. Hoeber, Incorporated, 1940. $9.00.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1941)
The Dance
Authors: Tolulope Kehinde
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endothelins: homeostatic and compensatory actions in the circulatory and endocrine systems
Authors: T. Masaki
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1993)

ENDOTHELIN (ET) is a potent vasoconstrictive peptide which was originally isolated from the conditioned medium of cultured endothelial cells (1). It comprises 21 aminoacid residues, including four cysteine residues that form two disulfide bonds (see Fig. 1). ET elicits a sustained pressor response when administrated intravenously, which suggests its importance in blood pressure maintenance and generation of vasospasm. Accordingly, many investigators have been interested in this peptide. Analysis of ET genes revealed the existence of three distinct ET genes that encode different mature ET sequences, designated endothelin-1 (ET-1), ET-2, and ET-3 (Fig. 1) (2). Two and six amino acid residues of ET-1 are replaced in ET-2 and ET-3, respectively. There are no species differences among isoforms of human, porcine, rat, bovine, or dog. Interestingly, the structure of snake venom sarafotoxins are very similar to those of ETs. In endothelial cells, ET-1 is predominant, but ET-2 and ET-3 are not detected. As such, the question arose whether ET-2 and ET-3 are expressed in other tissues. Searching for complementary DNA (cDNA) clones of ET-2 and ET-3 in the cDNA library of human jejunum revealed the existence of all three cDNAs. Subsequent Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the three isoform messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are distributed widely throughout many tissues in different proportions. For instance, all three types of ET isoform mRNAs are present in human kidney and jejunum. Yet, in the central nervous system, ET-1 is the major isoform, while ET-3 is detected only to some extent. The diverse and uneven distribution of ET isoforms suggests that ET has multiple functions not only in the cardiovascular system but also in the nonvascular system.
Oncology
Authors: Judith E. Karp
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The progress in molecular technology that occurred in the 1980s is being translated in the 1990s to the bedside. Physicians will begin applying principles of molecular biology to the care of patients with cancer to an ever-increasing extent as the decade progresses. This promises to be one of the most exciting eras in which one practices medicine. Perhaps A. erhaps the most dramatic example is the evolution of gene therapy in human disease. In brief, active genes capable of expressing their encoded proteins are introduced into cells, eg, by using an inert retrovirus to insert the gene into the host cell's DNA. The gene-directed biochemical alterations can then instruct the cell to undertake a function that it otherwise could not optimally perform. A recent study<sup>1</sup>of tumor suppressor gene transfection in cultured human colon cancer cells provides a glimpse of how gene therapy could theoretically alter the malignant phenotype
Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Differentiation
Authors: Stephen E. Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Recent work in the field of molecular biology and differentiation has been directed towards an assessment of the number of different genes involved in the development and differentiation process. By the techniques of RNA-DNA hybridization to single copy DNA, it appears that some 60,000-200,000 different RNA sequences are expressed during embryonic development in the mouse. The differentiating brain shows the highest degree RNA transcription diversity. The new technique of cDNA-poly(A)-containing RNA hybridization is described. The nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA appears to reflect the high complexity of sequences as determined in RNA-DNA experiments described above. The cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA or messenger RNA appears to represent a subset of approximately 10-20% of the information in the nuclear poly (A)-RNA. Also, the major portion of frequency class of messenger RNA in different organs such as kidney, spleen, and liver are common to these different organs. However, brain, although containing many of the cytoplasmic messenger RNA sequences found in liver, kidney, and spleen, has a large class of messenger RNA sequences which are specific to the nervous system.
VIENNA
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>Report of First Aid Corps for 1921</h3> The Vienna Rettungsgesellschaft, a private society which provides first aid in all public and private accidents, has just published its report for 1921. When this corps was founded, forty years ago, it was intended to serve as a rebuke to the criminal negligence of those then in authority, who were responsible for the loss of several hundreds of lives in a fire that destroyed the city theater. Supported by voluntary contributions, it has organized first aid so that, in many cities on the continent, as well as in distant countries, its working rules have been copied. Regular courses, given to the police, to the foremen of factories, to adolescents and also to numerous women, have been conducted during these forty years and have served to spread the knowledge of first aid throughout the population, to the benefit of many a sufferer. In 1921,
Care for working parents' children grows as a challenge for nation
Authors: J. W. Zylke
Journal: JAMA (1991)

LIKE A TODDLER tugging at a busy mother's apron strings, the issue of child care keeps pulling at the heartstrings. Although it is possible to ignore it temporarily, until it is dealt with, it likely won't go away. The issue of child care won't go away because one salary will no longer support most families or because, for the 25% of all children who live in single-parent homes, one salary is all they have. Upwards of 50% of mothers of preschoolers and 70% of mothers of schoolage children work outside the home. By the year 2000, these figures will probably rise to 70% and 80%, respectively. <h3>Relatives, Day-care Centers</h3> While their mothers are at work, about half the children are cared for by relatives. Three quarters of the remainder are in family day care and the rest attend day-care centers. Concerns about child care are not new (<i>JAMA</i>. 1988;260:3247-3249). Unfortunately,
Abstract 1432: Enhanced effector responses of regenerated CAR-T cells derived from genome edited iPSCs
Authors: Tatsuki Ueda, Shoichi Iriguchi, Yohei Kawai, Atsutaka Minagawa, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Seitaro Terakura, Yasushi Uemura, Knut Woltjen, Yuzo Kodama, Hiroshi Seno, Yasumichi Hitoshi, Tetsuya Nakatsura, Koji Tamada, Shin Kaneko
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is an artificial protein that provides HLA-independent antigen specificity to T cells. CAR-T therapy has shown remarkable clinical responses especially in hematologic malignancies. But this therapy requires cell preparation for each patient and it cause some limitations for applicability of CAR-T therapy. We have reported regeneration of T cells from iPSCs (Cell Stem Cell. 2013). Since this technology can provide unlimited number of T cells, CAR-T therapy using iPSCs is thought to broaden its applicability. To target solid tumors, it is important to avoid immunosuppressive factors from tumor microenvironment and to exert sufficient cytotoxicity. Tumor reactive T cells are known to fall into anergy state by continuous antigen stimulations. To overcome immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment, enhancement of TCR signaling by modification of genes related to TCR signal is a promising strategy. Recent studies revealed that the efficacy of CAR-iPS-T cells are not equivalent to primary CAR-T cells. To enhance the efficacy of CAR-iPS-T cells and to produce resistant CAR-T cells to immunosuppression, we focused on TCR signaling pathway. We found that antigen reactivity of CAR-iPS-T cells was insufficient compared with primary CAR-T cells. To overcome the weakness of TCR signal, we disrupted genes negatively related to TCR signal and successfully enhanced TCR signal. As a result, genome edited CAR-iPS-T cells could persist longer in vivo and displayed enhanced tumor suppressive function comparable with primary CAR-T cells. Genome edited iPSCs can be a unlimited cell source of enhanced CAR-T cells. These findings indicate that regenerated CAR-T cells derived from genome edited iPSCs would be a promising CAR-T therapy which would overcome immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: Tatsuki Ueda, Shoichi Iriguchi, Yohei Kawai, Atsutaka Minagawa, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Seitaro Terakura, Yasushi Uemura, Knut Woltjen, Yuzo Kodama, Hiroshi Seno, Yasumichi Hitoshi, Tetsuya Nakatsura, Koji Tamada, Shin Kaneko. Enhanced effector responses of regenerated CAR-T cells derived from genome edited iPSCs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1432.
RECENT INVESTIGATIONS OF ADRENAL FUNCTION
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Future priorities for the IARC Monographs
Authors: Kurt Straif, Dana Loomis, Kathryn Guyton, Yann Grosse, Béatrice Lauby-Secretan, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Véronique Bouvard, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Neela Guha, Heidi Mattock
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)
Is everybody happy?
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlighting Cancer Chemotherapy Reports
Authors: Jerome B. Block M.D.
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1973)

The June issue of Cancer Chemotherapy Reports reminds this reviewer of the contemporary bit of humor used fre quently in the entertainment media, i.e., it has some good news and some bad news for its readers.First the bad news.Chromomycin A3 or toyomycin is an antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces griseus.As is well appreciated, natural products from such cultures have proved clinically very use ful in the past.Further, the early studies reported from Japan and South Africa with chromomycin A3 in over 500 patients were said to demonstrate objective responses of 35 percent in gastric and colorectal cancer, 45 percent in sarcomas of the bone and soft tissues, and 73 percent in lymphomas.Toxicity in these early reports was quite manageable and specifically did not involve the hepatic or renal systems.However, in a studyby Kovach,etal.(Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minne sota) hepatic and renal toxic effects were quite prominent as dosages of the drug were increased.In addition, hypocalce mia was noted and this may have been related to the similar ity of chromomycin A3 to mithramycin.Apparently, the renal toxicity may represent a major problem in the use of the agent.Although this phase I study was not designed to evalu ate antitumor activity, none was seen in the 14 patients with measurable disease generally of a gastrointestinal origin.These same authors conducted a phase II study of cis diamminedichloroplatinum in advanced carcinoma of the bowel at a schedule of 50 mg./m2repeated every 5 weeks.No responses were seen.Toxicity included mild and reversible renal impairment and hearing loss.This is certainly dis couraging information.The compound had enormous prom ise because it represented a new class of agents exhibiting considerable activity in murine screens.Land, et al. (Southwest Cancer Chemotherapy Study Group, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Hous ton, Texas) tested 5-fluorouracil and actinomycin D in acute childhood leukemia.Certainly these drugs have demon strated activity in a number of clinical tumors and one would anticipate that in acute leukemia of childhood, one of the most â€oe¿ treatableâ€• diseases, important activity would be seen.However, the authors note that 5-fluorouracil was of no bene fit in inducing remission and neither drug was of benefit in
RABBI MOSES BEN MAIMON
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Naturalization of foreign medical gradates
Authors: K. J. Thampy
Journal: JAMA (1974)

STATISTICS, however objective, have the unforgiveable tendency of stirring dormant but powerful emotions in all of us. The current figures on licenses awarded in the past year will undoubtedly foment new fears and rekindle old grievances. The report disclosing foreign medical graduates to be the numerically dominant group among the new licentiates is bound to alarm segments of the medical profession concerned about the influx of these physicians into the private practice of medicine. Their entry into private practice, long impossible because of restrictive licensure laws, will provide more flexibility in the career choice of foreign medical graduates and will stimulate increased competition within the field of private practice. On the other hand, the pointed inclusion of failure ratios of foreign physicians as compared with those of American graduates will exacerbate the resentment prevalent in this already embattled medical minority. It is quite likely that many foreign physicians will interpret