tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Real-world treatment attrition rates in advanced esophagogastric cancer.
Authors: Erica S. Tsang, Howard John Lim, Daniel John Renouf, Janine Marie Davies, Jonathan M. Loree, Sharlene Gill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2020)

317 Background: Over the last decade, multiple agents have demonstrated efficacy for advanced esophagogastric cancer (EGC), including ramucirumab, irinotecan, trifluridine/tipiracil, and immunotherapy. Despite the availability of later lines of therapy, there remains limited real-world data about the treatment attrition rates between lines of therapy. We sought to characterize the use and attrition rates between lines of therapy for patients with advanced EGC. Methods: We identified patients who received at least one cycle of chemotherapy for advanced EGC between July 1, 2017 and July 31, 2018 across 6 regional centers in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Clinicopathologic, treatment, and outcomes data were extracted by chart review. Results: Of 169 patients who received at least one line of therapy, median age was 65.2 years (IQR 58-72) and 128 (76%) were male, ECOG PS 0/1 (84%), gastric vs GEJ (35% vs 65%). Histologies included adenocarcinoma (76%), squamous cell carcinoma (10%) and signet ring (14%), with 26% HER2 positive. 62% presented with de novo disease, and 35% had received previous chemoradiation. There was a high level of treatment attrition, with patients receiving only one line of therapy (n = 73, 43%), two lines (n = 65, 38%), three lines (n = 25, 15%), and four lines (n = 6, 4%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated improved survival with increasing lines of therapy (median overall survival 9.6 vs. 18.5 vs. 25.8 vs. 40.7 months, p&lt; 0.05). On multivariable Cox regression, improved survival was associated with better baseline ECOG, longer duration of first-line therapy, and increased lines of therapy ( p&lt; 0.01). Conclusions: The steep attrition rates between therapies highlight the unmet need for more efficacious earlier-line treatment options for patients with advanced EGC. [Table: see text]
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1952)

Other General Subjects.At the end of each section is a list of titles of articles noted blut not abstracted.Not all sections mtay be represented in any one issue.The section " ACTH, Cortisone, and other Steroids ', includes abstracts and titles of articles dealing with steroid research, which although not directly concerned with the rheumatic diseases, may make an important contribution to knowledge of the scope and modus oper-andi of steroid therapy.
Loss of the C Terminus of Melanocortin Receptor 2 (MC2R) Results in Impaired Cell Surface Expression and ACTH Insensitivity
Authors: Andrea Hirsch, Eirini Meimaridou, Monica Fernandez-Cancio, Amit V. Pandey, María Clemente, Laura Audi, Adrian J. L. Clark, Christa E. Flück
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Objective Mutations in melanocortin receptor 2 (MC2R) and its related melanocortin receptor accessory protein (MRAP) cause familial glucocorticoid deficiency. We identified a novel MC2R mutation, K289fs. This unique mutation in the C terminus of MC2R is located in the intracellular part of the protein for which the exact function is unknown. Setting A 6-wk-old boy presented with severe hypoglycemia, unmeasurable cortisol, and grossly elevated ACTH but normal electrolytes. Genetic analysis revealed homozygote K289fs mutation in MC2R. His parents and siblings were heterozygous but phenotypically normal. Intervention and Results The role of the C terminus of MC2R was studied in two cell systems. Because the K289fs mutant changes the last eight amino acids of the protein and leads to protein elongation, wild-type MC2R and C-terminally mutated constructs were tested for activity to respond to ACTH in an OS3 cell-based reporter assay. Wild-type and alanine-substituted constructs responded normally to ACTH. By contrast K289fs and M290X had a total loss of activity. Cell surface assays and confocal localization studies revealed that K289fs and M290X receptors were not found at the cell surface, indicating that their transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane is disrupted. Interestingly, coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed no alteration in the interaction of mutant MC2R with MRAP, suggesting that interaction between these two proteins does not guarantee normal localization. Conclusions Loss of the C terminus of MC2R impairs cell surface expression and ACTH sensitivity but does not disrupt interaction of MC2R with MRAP. These findings highlight the extreme sensitivity of MC2R to structural disruption.
The Reduction of Leukemic Blasts In Bone Marrow Aspirate on Day 6 of Remission Induction Treatment Is Predictive for Complete Remission Rate and Survival in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia: The Results of Multicenter, Prospective Polish Adult Leukemia Group Study.
Authors: Jerzy Holowiecki, Sebastian Grosicki, Slawomira Kyrcz-Krzemien, Kazimierz Kuliczkowski, Marek Kielbinski, Aleksander B. Skotnicki, Beata Piatkowska-Jakubas, Andrzej Hellmann, Agnieszka Wierzbowska, Marek Seweryn, Beata Stella-Holowiecka, Maria Sadus-Wojciechowska
Journal: Blood (2008)
THE ALIMENTARY FATE OF LIGNIN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
VIRCHOW'S SEVENTY-EIGHTH BIRTHDAY.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Results of In Vitro and In Vivo Genetic Toxicity Tests on Methyl Isocyanate
Authors: Michael D. Shelby, James W. Allen, William J. Caspary, Steven Haworth, James Ivett, Andrew Kligerman, Carol A. Luke, James M. Mason, Brian Myhr, Raymond R. Tice, Ruby Valencia, Errol Zeiger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Methyl isocyanate (MIC) was tested for genetic toxicity in a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays. Negative results were obtained in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay using five bacterial strains in a preincubation protocol. The Drosophila sex-linked recessive lethal test also gave negative results in studies that involved three routes of administration: inhalation, feeding, and injection. Positive results were obtained for three endpoints in cultured mammalian cells. Reproducible, dose-related increases in trifluorothymidine-resistant clones were induced in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, and the frequencies of both SCE and chromosomal aberrations increased in Chinese hamster ovary cells. These effects were independent of exogenous metabolism. In mice exposed to methyl isocyanate by inhalation, cytogenetic analyses were carried out on bone marrow, blood, and lung cells. A single, 2-hr exposure to concentrations of 0, 3, 10, and 30 ppm MIC produced no evidence of chromosomal effects in the bone marrow, although significant cell cycle delay was observed. In four experiments involving exposures on 4 consecutive days to 0, 1, 3, or 6 ppm, delays in bone marrow cell cycle were again observed. Increases in SCE and chromosomal aberrations were observed in bone marrow cells, and a dose-related increase in SCE occurred in lung cells but not in peripheral blood lymphocytes. A significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood was observed in male mice in one experiment. From these results, it appears that methyl isocyanate has the capacity to affect chromosome structure but not to induce gene mutations. Furthermore, in vitro tests show that the induction of chromosomal effects is not dependent on an exogenous source of metabolism. Based on these results and on what is known about the binding of carbamoylating agents to cellular macromolecules, methyl isocyanate may exert its genetic toxicity by binding to nuclear proteins rather than by binding to DNA.
In Reply:
Authors: Martin S. Tallman, Jacob M. Rowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

I was interested to read the report of Carter et al of a conservative management strategy for early prostate cancer, 1 and I agree with the authors that the term "watchful waiting" does not accurately describe their strategy.Given the overdiagnosis and lead-time bias associated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, 2 the natural history of prostate cancer following diagnosis is now far more favorable than it was in the pre-PSA era, making a conservative management strategy an attractive option for many patients.However, clinicians and patients need to understand the important distinctions between the different conservative strategies now available.The term watchful waiting was widely used during the pre-PSA era to describe a policy of observation with palliative treatment for symptomatic cancer progression.Such a policy remains appropriate for patients who, by virtue of age and comorbidities, have a relatively short life expectancy and do not have a radical treatment option.A second, and quite distinct, approach to favorable-risk early prostate cancer is to determine the need for radical treatment based on biochemical or histologic evidence of disease progression during close monitoring.The aim of this approach is to target curative treatment to the minority of patients who need it, so that the majority are spared the side effects of unnecessary treatment.This strategy was first described by Richard Choo et al as, "watchful observation with selective delayed intervention." 3At the Royal Marsden Hospital, we use the term "active surveillance" to describe this strategy. 4 These initial studies have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach, which offers patients a realistic hope of avoiding treatment side effects without detriment to their survival.Active surveillance requires a clear definition of the indications for radical treatment (usually based on PSA doubling time and the results of repeat biopsies), together with a commitment to the policy from both patient and clinician.If these are lacking, the result will be "temporarily deferred therapy," as described by Carter et al, in which men with early prostate cancer who are almost inevitably going to have radical treatment, choose to delay such therapy. 1
Monitoring of Tumor Cell Purging After Highly Efficient Immunomagnetic Selection of CD34 Cells From Leukapheresis Products in Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison of Immunocytochemical Tumor Cell Staining and Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Markus Y. Mapara, Ida J. Körner, Martin Hildebrandt, Ralf Bargou, Dorothea Krahl, Peter Reichardt, Bernd Dörken
Journal: Blood (1997)
OVARIOTOMY AS A PROPHYLAXIS AND CURE FOR INSANITY.
Authors: ROBERT A. RITTO
Journal: JAMA (1891)

I desire to present to the readers of The Journal, a very interesting case of pseudo-insanity which I recently cured by removing both ovaries with their tubes, bringing about a complete restoration of a mind which had been under a cloud for thirteen years, and which had been pronounced incurable insanity. Miss Ada M., Racine, Wis., age 25, brunette, full habit, fair health. When she was thirteen years old she had a severe attack of scarlet fever which left her in a very unsound condition of mind. From the age of 14 she began to show signs of unsoundness of mind, which grew rapidly worse until she was 18, when she became so violent and unmanageable that her parents were obliged to apply for a medical commission to examine into her mental condition with a view of sending her to an asylum, which was accordingly done. She was committed to
Health system reform. Will controlling costs require rationing services?
Authors: D. M. Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1994)

UNFORTUNATELY, it will. Because that is such an unpleasant thought, it is important to examine each link in the supporting chain of reasoning. As the case for rationing tightens, there will be a tremendous temptation to go back and question the underlying premise. Therefore the first question is: <h3>DO WE REALLY HAVE TO CONTROL COSTS?</h3> Yes, we do. Although virtually everyone agrees that health care costs are a problem, it is worthwhile to review a few of the facts that indicate just how bad the problem is. Begin with the fact that for the last few decades health care costs have been increasing at a rate of about 11.5% a year.<sup>1</sup>This is far faster than other sectors of the economy, with the result that health care has steadily grown as a proportion of the gross domestic product (GDP), from about 5% in 1960 to about 12% in 1990.
Relationships between albuminuria, left ventricular hypertrophy, and blood pressure after one year of anti-hypertensive treatment: The LIFE study Michael H. Olsen, Kristian Wachtell, Peter M. Okin, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Bj�rn Dahl�f, Knut Borch-Jonsen, Richard B. Devereux, Hans Ibsen. Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
The therapeutic effect of chloroquine. Hepatic recovery in porphyria cutanea tarda
Authors: M. J. Kowertz
Journal: JAMA (1973)

In two patients, chloroquine induced the rapid remission of cutaneous manifestations of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). This experience substantiates the findings of others. In addition, in these two patients, evidences of hepatic injury were arrested, and hepatic function, abnormal before treatment, returned to normal. This experience suggests a new concept of the relation of PCT to hepatic disease. Both the cutaneous and hepatic manifestations of PCT may result from a defect in certain hepatic cell mitochondria. Chloroquine may destroy selectively such abnormal organelles. This transient cellular insult, accompanied by extreme porphyrinemia, may induce the clinically observed "chloroquine reaction" that has led to the avoidance of this drug in the treatment of PCT. The reaction may be requisite to remission, rather than an "untoward side effect."
Wrong Drug Name
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Education Programs Sponsored by Government Agencies
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AMPUTATIONS
Authors: A. L. LOCKWOOD
Journal: JAMA (1922)

On a recent clinical trip, I happened to see four different amputations performed by four different surgeons. Without wishing to appear in the least hypercritical or dictatorial, I should like to bring before the profession some of the bad results of carelessness in amputations, and to endeavor to point out the necessity for greater care in selecting the site and type of amputation, having in view at all times the ultimate value of the stump as a pressure-bearing and useful limb. This article is based on approximately 1,200 amputations performed in my unit in France, and on my experience while in charge of the limbless at the Third London General Hospital, and of the surgery at the Paddington Military Hospital, London, after the armistice, where we had several hundred limbless men. It is unfortunate to lose a limb; but it is a positive disaster if the limb has been so
Highlights
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stent Placement 2510Dual antiplatelet therapy is currently recommended for at least 12 months after implantation of a drug-eluting stent.In a multicenter randomized trial involving 3119 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with zotarolimuseluting stents for stable coronary artery disease or low-risk acute coronary syndrome, Ferres and colleagues found that 3 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (100-200 mg of aspirin daily and 75 mg of clopidogrel daily) was noninferior to 12 months of therapy on a composite outcome of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or major bleeding, with no increased risk of stent thrombosis.Author Video Interview jama.com Periodontal Therapy and Hemoglobin A 1c in Type 2 Diabetes 2523Chronic periodontitis-an inflammatory disorder of the supporting structure of the teeth-is common in persons with diabetes.To assess whether nonsurgical periodontal treatment (scaling, root planning, and chlorhexidine rinse) improves hemoglobin A 1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, Engebretson and colleagues randomly assigned 514 patients with untreated moderate or advanced periodontitis to receive periodontal treatment or no treatment for 6 months.The authors found that periodontal therapy did not improve glycemic control. Dopamine or Nesiritide in Heart Failure With Renal Dysfunction 2533Patients with acute heart failure and renal dysfunction are at risk of inadequate decongestion and worsening renal function.In a multicenter randomized trial that enrolled 360 hospitalized patients with acute heart failure and renal dysfunction, Chen and colleagues tested 2 independent hypotheses that, compared with placebo, the addition of low-dose dopamine or low-dose nesiritide to diuretic therapy would enhance decongestion and preserve renal function.The authors report that neither treatment strategy enhanced decongestion or improved renal function compared with placebo.
I am a newly qualified nurse and have just finished the advanced diploma in nursing. I would like to know if I could apply for medicine for 2007-8, which means I will be working for 18 months as a nurse. I have 16 credits in a health and science access course to higher education, and a certificate in counselling skills as well as the diploma. I also have a high school certificate in science from my home country. Do you think I have enough academic preparation considering I have six years' …
Authors: Roger Charlton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

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INCOMPETENT HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal