tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BACTERIOLOGY.
Authors: S. A. HOPKINS
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In connection with diphtheria, certain important work has been done at the Harvard Bacteriologic Laboratory, and as I myself have been engaged in that work, it might interest you if I describe in brief what has been accomplished. The Board of Health of the City of Boston has turned over to Dr. Ernst and his associates the work of making examinations in suspected cases of diphtheria, and of preparing the antitoxin for its treatment. The following method has been adopted and has proved eminently successful in examinations for this disease: Boxes are provided containing two tubes of culture media. Usually blood serum or hydrocele fluid is used, agar-agar if they are not to be obtained. These boxes also contain a platinum wire, and they are to be procured at the college or from drug stores which are scattered throughout the city. When a suspected case presents itself the physician procures
Size at Birth, Growth in Childhood, and the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients1 August 2000Size at Birth, Growth in Childhood, and the Risk for Type 2 DiabetesSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-3-200008010-00028 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Insulin is a hormone that regulates how the body uses carbohydrates, protein, and fat. In type 2 (adult-onset) diabetes, the body's tissues lose their sensitivity to insulin. To overcome this resistance, the body puts out more insulin, leading to high levels of insulin in the bloodstream. When even these levels of insulin fail to overcome the tissue resistance, high levels of blood sugar (glucose) develop. Overweight adults are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Recently, it has been suggested that being small at birth increases the risk ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “The Fetal and Childhood Growth of Persons Who Develop Type 2 Diabetes.” It is in the 1 August 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 133, pages 176-182). The authors are T. Forsén, J. Eriksson, J. Tuomilehto, A. Reunanen, C. Osmond, and D. Barker.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Fetal and Childhood Growth of Persons Who Develop Type 2 Diabetes Tom Forsén , Johan Eriksson , Jaakko Tuomilehto , Antti Reunanen , Clive Osmond , and David Barker Metrics 1 August 2000Volume 133, Issue 3Page: 176KeywordsBirthElectronic medical recordsHealth information technologyHealth insuranceHormonesInsulinInsulin resistanceOverweightProteinsType 2 diabetes ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Strahlentherapie, Munich
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fasting May Have Undesirable Results
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Announcements
Authors: Bengt Arnetz, N. Sonino, E. Scarpa, A. Paoletta, F. Fallo, M. Boscaro, M. Biondi, A. Picardi, Bo H. Jonsson, Töres Theorell, Sarah Thomsen, Joaquim Soares, Peter Nolan, Janie Dallender
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)
CAN AMMONIUM SALTS REPLACE PROTEIN AS A SOURCE OF NITROGEN FOR THE TISSUES?
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ON THE COVERWhere We Live: Health Care in Rural vs Urban AmericaThe Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Health in Rural and Urban AmericaA Delicate Balance: The Economics of Rural Health Care DeliveryRelationship Between Travel Distance and Utilization of Breast Cancer Treatment in Rural Northern MichiganReproductive Health Care in the Rural United StatesThe Rural vs Urban Practice Decision
Journal: JAMA (2002)
Pharmacoepidemiology of Niacin
Authors: David R. Gray
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 March 1995Pharmacoepidemiology of NiacinDavid R. Gray and Moti L. KashyapDavid R. GraySearch for more papers by this author and Moti L. KashyapSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-5-199503010-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Niacin-induced hepatotoxicity is dose-related and occurs with both immediate-release and sustained-release formulations. Our retrospective cohort study [1] did not include patients receiving immediate-release niacin, and some cases of elevated hepatic enzyme levels may have been missed. In a prospective study, Lavie and colleagues [2] treated patients with “isolated” low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels using a sustained-release niacin preparation similar to the one we used. At a mean daily niacin dose of 2400 mg, 3% of their 36 patients were withdrawn from the study because of threefold elevations in aminotransferase values. Hepatic dysfunction was found in fewer than 3% ...References1. Gray DR, Morgan T, Chretien SD, Kashyap ML. Efficacy and safety of controlled-release niacin in dyslipoproteinemic veterans. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:352-8. Google Scholar2. Lavie CJ, Milani RV. Safety and side effects of sustained-release niacin (Letter). JAMA. 1994; 272:513-4. Google Scholar3. McKenney JM, Proctor JD, Harris S, Chinchili VM. A comparison of the efficacy and toxic effects of sustained-vs immediate-release niacin in hypercholesterolemic patients. JAMA. 1994; 271:672-7. Google Scholar4. Figge HL, Figge J, Souney PF, Sacks FM, Shargel L, Janosik JE, et al. Comparison of excretion of nicotinuric acid after ingestion of two controlled release nicotinic acid preparations in man. J Clin Pharmacol. 1988; 28:1136-40. Google Scholar5. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Summary of the Second Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II). JAMA. 1993; 269:3015-23. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David R. Gray; Moti L. Kashyap PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1995Volume 122, Issue 5Page: 392-393KeywordsCholesterolEnzymesHigh density lipoprotein cholesterolHypoglycemicsLow density lipoproteinNiacinPharmacoepidemiologyProspective studiesRetrospective studiesSafety ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 March 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Book Review Die Harnorganeimröntgenbild . (Roentgenology of the Urinary Tract.) By Professor Dr. Eugen Joseph and Dr. S. Perlmann, Berlin. Second completely, revised and enlarged edition. 33 sketches in text, 3 colored tables, and 336 roentgenograms in 124 tables. Published by Georg Thieme. 1931.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1932)
The combination of ursodeoxycholic acid and methotrexate for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: The results of a pilot study
Authors: Keith D. Lindor, Rolland E. Dickson, Roberta A. Jorgensen, Monte L. Anderson, Russell H. Wiesner, Gregory J. Gores, Stephen M. Lange, Steven S. Rossi, Alan F. Hofmann, William P. Baldus
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and methotrexate (MTX) have both been proposed as treatments for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). It has been suggested that a combination of the two drugs may offer advantages over either used separately. In this pilot study, we sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this combination for patients with PBC. Thirty-two patients with antimitochondrial antibody positive PBC were prospectively entered into a pilot study and received UDCA, 13 to 15 mg/kg/d, in conjunction with MTX, 0.25 mg/kg/wk, for a period of 2 years. The results of this treatment were compared with those obtained from 180 patients with PBC studied in a placebo-controlled trial of UDCA alone conducted during the same period. Patients in the pilot study and randomized study were comparable with regard to age, gender, and liver biochemistries. The UDCA/MTX-treated patients were of earlier histologic stage and had a lower mean Mayo risk score. During this period, seven patients in the UDCA/MTX group were withdrawn, four for pulmonary toxicity (two who required hospitalization), and one each with mouth ulcer, extreme fatigue, and hair loss. The use of UDCA/MTX was not associated with improvement in symptoms. In the patients receiving UDCA/MTX, biochemical changes were comparable to those of patients receiving UDCA alone but superior to those in the placebo group ( P &lt; .05). Histological changes were comparable in all groups at 2 years. Cessation of MTX while UDCA was continued led to no deterioration in liver biochemistries. In a 2-year study, the use of MTX in combination with UDCA was associated with substantial toxicity, but with no evidence for symptomatic, biochemical, or histologic improvement over that seen with UDCA alone. The use of MTX in patients with PBC should be confined to pa- tients in prospective trials and not used on an empiric basis. (Hepatology 1995; 22:1158-1162.).
Accident and emergency services
Authors: J. S Belstead
Journal: BMJ (1991)

In case of deafness, cochlear implants bypass dysfunctional or lost hair cells by direct electrical stimulation (eCIs) of the auditory nerve. However, spectral selectivity of eCI sound coding is low as the wide current spread from each electrode activates large sets of neurons that align to a place-frequency (tonotopic) map in the cochlea. As light can be better confined in space, optical cochlear implants (oCIs) promise to overcome this shortcoming of eCIs. This requires fine-grained, fast, and power-efficient real-time sound analysis and control of multiple microscale emitters. Here, we describe the development, characterisation, and application for hearing restoration of a preclinical low-weight and wireless LED-based multichannel oCI system and its companion eCI system. The head-worn oCI system enabled deafened rats to perform a locomotion task in response to acoustic stimulation proving the concept of multichannel opto - genetic hearing restoration in rodents.
Phenformin and lactic acidosis
Authors: L. A. Conlay
Journal: JAMA (1976)

All patients admitted with severe lactic acidosis to a university teaching hospital during a 17-month period were taking phenformin hydrochloride. Serum phenformin concentration was measured in one patient and found to be four to nine times the usual therapeutic concentration. Prerenal azotemia was present at the time of admission in all but one of these patients, but renal function was normal at the time of discharge in those patients with phenformin-associated lactic acidosis who survived. Phenformin-associated lactic acidosis accounted for 7% of the episodes of metabolic acidosis and 27% of deaths due to metabolic acidosis in diabetics. (<i>JAMA</i>235:1575-1578, 1976)
Errors in Table
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The chemokine CCL1 triggers an AMFR-SPRY1 pathway that promotes differentiation of lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and drives pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Shan-shan Liu, Chang Liu, Xiao-xi Lv, Bing Cui, Jun Yan, Yun-xuan Li, Ke Li, Fang Hua, Xiao-wei Zhang, Jiao-jiao Yu, Jin-mei Yu, Feng Wang, Shuang Shang, Ping-ping Li, Zhi-guang Zhou, Yang Xiao, Zhuo-wei Hu
Journal: Immunity (2021)
Ovarian Disorders in Domestic Animals
Authors: N. James MacLachlan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The histologic appearance of the ovaries and persistence of corpora lutea vary considerably among domestic animals, particularly between spontaneous and induced ovulators. The seasonally polyestrous mare has a variety of unique characteristics in ovarian structure and general reproductive function. Among the anomalies of ovarian development is the bovine freemartin with gonads containing a mixture of male and female elements. A variety of ovarian cysts occur in domestic animals, and persistent corpora lutea with associated reproductive perturbations occur in several species. Ovarian tumors are relatively uncommon in domestic animals, with most examples described in dogs, cats, and horses. These ovarian neoplasms are generally classified as epithelial, germ cell, or sex cord-stromal tumors.
Successful control of burn-wound sepsis
Authors: B. A. Pruitt
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Over the past three years, the use of a topical antibacterial burn cream has resulted in the successful control of burn-wound sepsis. This pathological state, which is characterized by the proliferation and penetration of 100,000 (10<sup>5</sup>) or more microorganisms per gram of tissue, with extensive, active lymphatic invasion and may or may not be associated with generalized sepsis and widespread organ involvement, was the cause of death in 60% of patients dying at this unit prior to 1964. Histologically, this progression is characterized by bacterial invasion through the dermis into the subcutaneous tissue and may produce a typical<i>Pseudomonas</i>vasculitis with perivascular bacterial proliferation and invasion with thrombosis. The clinical manifestations of this disease are those of degeneration of the granulation tissue in areas of third-degree burn with violaceous, sharply demarcated wound edges, embolic ecthyma in unburned skin and tissues, ileus with abdominal distention, hypothermia, and leukopenia. Such bacterial
A novel cis-acting element in a liver cytochrome P450 3A gene confers paradoxical, synergistic induction by glucocorticoids plus antiglucocorticoids ?* Department of Medicine, Hepatobiliary Research Center, Section of Medical Toxicology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center* and Department of Pathology, Medical College of Virginia?
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The specific binding of the archetypal cytochrome P450 3A subfamily (CYP3A) inducer dexamethasone is examined in microsomal fractions since rat and human liver CYP3A is induced by glucocorticoids through a mechanism which is apparently independent of the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor. Dexamethasone binds in a specific and saturable manner to microsomes with an affinity constant (Kd) of 59 ± 12.9 nM which compares to a Kd of 2.3 ± 0.17 nM in cytosol. The total receptor concentrations ([LR]maxe) in microsomes and cytosol are 9.5 ± 1.67 pmols/mg protein and 410 ± 167 fmol/mg protein respectively. The microsomal binding of dexamethasone is antagonised by several transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional CYP3A inducers with decreasing potency pregnenolone 16α carbonitrile > metyrapone > phenobarbitone. Troleandomycin, which indirectly induces CYP3A1 in vivo and by protein stabilisation, does not antagonise the binding of dexamethasone in microsomes. The transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional induction of CYP3A may therefore be associated with the interaction of inducers with a microsomal protein.
In Reply
Authors: Nancy U. Lin, Eric P. Winer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

because of rapid deterioration.The data describing stabilization and regression of tumors in that report were clearly taken from selected patients and are not representative of the entire group.Indeed, it can be assumed that many of the patients who did not have imaging follow-up would have shown progression.According to these issues, including the possible delayed RT response to WBRT, efficacy of RT in brain metastasis, the absence of objective evaluation of delayed response to WBRT, the absence of strong data showing curative effect of lapatinib on HER2 breast cancer metastases, we believe that Lin et al study does not provide a serious rationale for using volumetric changes as a primary end point for future studies.We believe that future investigations in this area must consider imaging and clinical efficacy, neurologic deterioration, and survival without symptoms as primary end points rather than volumetric changes.
<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> infection of human endothelial cells interferes with leukocyte transmigration by preventing the formation of endothelial docking structures
Authors: Nicolas Doulet, Emmanuel Donnadieu, Marie-Pierre Laran-Chich, Florence Niedergang, Xavier Nassif, Pierre Olivier Couraud, Sandrine Bourdoulous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)
Sobering-up
Authors: B. H. Boeree
Journal: BMJ (1961)

We report 10 patients with delayed-onset dystonia associated with perinatal asphyxia and 2 associated with asphyxia in childhood. In the perinatal group, the mean age of onset was 12.9 years. Among these patients, dystonia continued to progress for a mean of 7 years, and as long as 28 years. These patients had moderate motor disability; none was wheelchair-bound, and thus their prognosis was better than that of the childhood-onset idiopathic torsion dystonias. The most frequently beneficial drugs were anticholinergics. Since some of these patients closely resembled cases of idiopathic torsion dystonia, the prior occurrence of asphyxia should be used as a criterion of exclusion for that diagnosis.
IRON AS A THERAPEUTIC AGENT.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal