tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insulin and gall stones
Authors: K W HEATON, P M EMMETT
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,—In showing for the first time that raised serum insulin is a risk factor for incident gall stones, independent of body mass index, Misciagna et al ((2000) Gut 47:144–7; [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2]) have made an important contribution. However, they do not seem to realise that we had similar findings in the East Bristol Gallstone Study (population based like theirs)—namely, that raised plasma insulin is a risk factor for prevalent gall stones, at least in men.1 In our study, another significant factor was abdominal fatness or central obesity, … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DGut%26rft.stitle%253DGut%26rft.aulast%253DGeboes%26rft.auinit1%253DK%26rft.volume%253D47%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D404%26rft.epage%253D409%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Breproducible%2Bgrading%2Bscale%2Bfor%2Bhistological%2Bassessment%2Bof%2Binflammation%2Bin%2Bulcerative%2Bcolitis%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fgut.47.3.404%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10940279%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=gutjnl&resid=47/3/404&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F48%2F5%2F737.2.atom
THE EGGHEAD
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exercise capacity and quality of life in cancer survivors after completion of a survivorship focused exercise program.
Authors: Becky Jones, Trish Harrison, Doug Mesara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e22056 Background: Exercise is a key component in addressing the concerns of cancer survivors. Only a third of survivors meet physical activity recommendations, and 70% of survivors are overweight/obese. For survivors, inactivity and obesity increase risks of recurrence, development of a second primary cancer, and higher mortality. Benefits of exercise include weight loss and improved quality of life. Survivorcise™, a 12 week exercise program for survivors, was developed with the goal of improving exercise capacity and quality of life. Methods: Survivorcise™ is a small group exercise program meeting for 60 minutes, twice a week, for 12 weeks. Pre and post testing of strength, balance, and aerobic capacity and pre and post quality of life surveys were completed. Results: Sixty-six participants completed Survivorcise™ between 2015 and 2017. Paired t-test analysis of pre and post testing revealed significant improvements in lower body strength (p = 0.0001), upper body strength (p = 0.0001), aerobic capacity (p = 0.0001), and balance (p = 0.0011). Paired t-test analysis of pre and post quality of life surveys revealed significant improvements in patient perception of strength (p = 0.0001), stress (p = 0.0001), weight gain (p = 0.0001), adjusting to the new normal (p = 0.001), depression (p = 0.0011), change in mood/behavior (p = 0.0056), fatigue (p = 0.0115), lymphedema (p = 0.0181), pain (p = 0.0205), memory (p = 0.0233), neuropathy (p = 0.0248), and balance, walking, mobility (p = 0.0288). Patient perception of sleep disturbance (p = 0.0504), anxiety (p = 0.0807), nausea/vomiting (p = 0.1822), weight loss (p = 0.2075), osteoporosis (p = 0.3251), hot flashes (p = 0.3624), poor appetite (p = 0.5785), and falls, tripping, and stumbling (p = 0.7163) showed no significant change. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that Survivorcise™ is an effective tool for cancer survivors. The program significantly improved lower and upper body strength, aerobic capacity, and balance. Participants self-reported significant improvement in perceived strength, stress, weight gain, adjusting to new normal, depression, change in mood and behavior, fatigue, lymphedema, pain, memory, neuropathy, and balance, walking, and mobility.
Adverse Subjective Experience With Antipsychotics and Its Relationship to Striatal and Extrastriatal D&lt;char aid="99875283" id="sub"&gt;2&lt;/char&gt; Receptors: a PET Study in Schizophrenia
Authors: Romina Mizrahi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

OBJECTIVES: Antipsychotic medications improve psychosis but often induce a state of dysphoria in patients. Blockade of the dopamine D 2 receptors, which is thought to mediate their efficacy, has also been implicated in producing this adverse subjective experience. The authors present the first double-blind controlled study to examine the relationship between striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D 2 receptor binding potential and occupancy values and adverse subjective experience. Method: Patients with recent-onset psychosis (N=12) were randomly assigned to low or high doses of olanzapine or risperidone. Subjective experiences, motor side effects, and striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D 2 receptors (determined with ([ 11 C]raclopride and [ 11 C]FLB 457 PET scans, respectively) were evaluated after 2 weeks of continuous antipsychotic treatment. Results: Higher dopamine D 2 receptor occupancy and binding potentials in the striatal (dorsal and ventral), temporal, and insular regions were associated with subjective experience. The finding was confirmed with two convergent methods of analysis (region-of-interest and voxel-based statistics), and the same relationship was observed using two different dopamine receptor measures (observed binding potential values and age- and sex-corrected occupancy values). Conclusions: Higher D 2 receptor occupancy is associated with negative subjective experience in patients taking risperidone or olanzapine. These negative subjective effects may be related to the high discontinuation rates seen in usual practice. Understanding the neurobiological mechanism of these negative subjective experiences and developing antipsychotics with novel (i.e., non D 2 ) mechanisms may be critical in improving the treatment of psychosis.
THE PRESIDENT ON PUBLIC HEALTH.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Objectives of the Committee on Rehabilitation
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alcohol-Impaired Driving: The Family's Tragedy and The Public's Health-Reply
Authors: Robert D. Brewer
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Templeton's story emphasizes the personal tragedy and the unacceptable and preventable loss of life that all too often result from alcohol-impaired driving, and we agree with him that driver record systems need to be improved to facilitate states' sharing information on offenses for DUI. A similar recommendation was made by participants in the Surgeon General's Workshop on Drunk Driving<sup>1</sup>and by a national panel of experts on alcohol-impaired driving convened by the US Department of Transportation.<sup>2</sup>In addition to improving driver record systems, we need to enact stricter laws against alcohol-impaired driving, including lowering the legal blood alcohol limit to 0.08 g/dL (17.37 mmol/L) or less<sup>3</sup>for drivers aged 21 years and older, as well as promptly suspending the licenses of drivers arrested for DUI. Furthermore, because alcohol-impaired driving is common among underage youth, we need to strictly enforce the minimum drinking age and enact zero-tolerance
Röntgendiagnostik der Knochen- und Gelenkkrankheiten.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Cover
Authors: Malinda H. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cigarettes pose dual threat in emphysema
Authors: T. Hager
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Cigarette smoking poses a double danger for emphysema sufferers, according to a recent report. It is known that smoking deactivates a protein that is seemingly crucial in preventing the disease; it now also appears that smoking prevents the repair of affected lung tissue. But ongoing investigations into the molecular basis of emphysema are doing more than underlining the dangers of smoking; they are providing researchers with targets for early diagnosis and possible treatment. Recent findings in this area were presented by Ines Mandl, PhD, at the recent American Chemical Society meeting in Seattle. For more than a decade, emphysema has been thought to be the result of an imbalance between proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors in the lower respiratory tract. Unless kept in check, these enzymes chew away at the connective tissue in the lung, leading to the enlargement of distal air spaces and destruction of alveolar cell walls. Research
Neural tube defects
Authors: A. Czeizel
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Jan 22/29 issue of<i>JAMA</i>contains a STATE OF THE ART/REVIEW about neural tube defects (NTD) by Dr Lemire.<sup>1</sup>This review presented some interesting ideas, eg, the separation of neurulation and postneurulation defects. However, I was surprised to read that "worldwide, an average prevalence of one case per 1000 births for both anencephaly and meningomyelocele exists, but France, Norway, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Japan have a low prevalence (0.1 to 0.6/1000 births)." In Hungary, epidemiologic studies provide valid and complete birth prevalences of different congenital anomalies. During the 1960s the birth prevalences per 1000 total births of anencephaly and meningomyelocele (spina bifida cystica) were 1.03 (isolated and multiple cases, 1.10) and 155 (1.63), respectively, while those of encephalocele and congenital hydrocephalus were 0.20 (0.22) and 0.57 (0.76), respectively.<sup>2</sup>The birth prevalences of neurulation defects, ie, anencephaly and spina bifida cystica, decreased to 0.9 and
Authors’ Reply
Authors: Virginia Wang, Cynthia J. Coffman, Ann M. O’Hare, Matthew L. Maciejewski
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

We appreciate Dr. Yan’s letter1 and interest in our article.2 We agree on the importance of accounting for differences in survival by race and age, especially in the dialysis population. As noted, these potential confounders are included in our adjusted models to evaluate the average effect of dialysis setting on survival (the main goal of our analysis). Although potentially important, an analysis of survival differences across settings by race and age would address a different research question. Below we present information on sample sizes and unadjusted 2-year mortality rates after stratification by age and race (Table 1). Although there are large differences in 2-year mortality rates across some of these groups, the trends largely mirror the patterns across dialysis settings reported in our article, with no indication of potential interaction effects by age or race, which we hope ameliorates Dr. Yan’s concerns about these factors. Table 1. - Unadjusted 2-year mortality, by dialysis setting, stratified by age and race Selected cohort characteristics (N=27,241) Dual VA-Only VA Purchased Care Only Medicare Only Overall mortality, unadjusted 1104 (22.8%) 269 (24.5%) 925 (30.0%) 7621 (41.8%) Overall mortality, adjusted [95% CI] 28.9% [27.4 to 30.4] 32.4% [29.2 to 35.4] 36.0% [34.0 to 38.0] 36.7% [36.0 to 37.4] Race/ethnicity White 736 (28.9%) 153 (38.0%) 660 (37.8%) 6314 (46.3%) Black 291 (16.3%) 93 (16.8%) 196 (19.4%) 1004 (29.1%) Hispanic 51 (14.3%) 16 (14.4%) 36 (17.1%) 143 (21.9%) Other 26 (16.4%) Not shown (size <12) 33 (29.7%) 160 (33.3%) Age, yr <55 90 (12.3%) 17 (9.5%) 61 (14.4%) 179 (16.8%) 55–64 376 (17.7%) 82 (17.4%) 330 (24.0%) 644 (25.1%) 65–74 295 (26.3%) 71 (30.9%) 242 (35.5%) 1646 (36.2%) 75–84 272 (37.7%) 74 (42.5%) 234 (46.5%) 3465 (48.0%) ≥85 71 (45.8%) 25 (54.4%) 58 (59.8%) 1687 (59.6%) Data are shown as n (%), unless otherwise indicated. Reported n are number of deaths and % deaths among cohort members within category. VA, Department of Veterans Affairs; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. Because of the large number of covariates in the model and smaller sample size in the Department of Veterans Affairs only cohort, formal stratified analysis could be problematic. With larger cohorts, examining the presence and magnitude of race/ethnicity and age differences in dialysis setting comparisons of patient outcomes are an important and promising area for future research. Disclosures Dr. Maciejewski reports ownership of Amgen stock from his spouse’s employment. Dr. O’Hare has received funding from the VA, CDC, and NIH, as well as honoraria/speaker fees from UpToDate, Fresenius Medical Care, Dialysis Clinics Inc., the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and the Coalition for the Supportive Care of Kidney Patients. All of the remaining authors have nothing to disclose.
The Next Generation
Authors: Ellen R. Strahlman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

My mother tells me that I wanted to be a doctor since I was 3. When I was given glasses for myopia at age 10, I turned my thoughts toward curing and preventing blindness, and a future ophthalmologist was born. My relatives thought it was "cute" that a little girl wanted to be a doctor, and responded with an approving smile or pat on the head. "She'll be the first in our family," they said, "the next generation." I experienced death for the first time later that same year, 1967. My paternal grandfather, who had suffered with Parkinson's disease for several years, died quickly and quietly of pneumonia at the age of 68. I remember the suddenness of it all: the surprise, the shock, the tears, the bustle of activity. Over and over I heard, "Thank God he died so quickly." "He didn't suffer." "He wasn't in any pain." The words
Connexin43 Mutation Causes Heterogeneous Gap Junction Loss and Sudden Infant Death
Authors: David W. Van Norstrand, Angeliki Asimaki, Clio Rubinos, Elena Dolmatova, Miduturu Srinivas, David J. Tester, Jeffrey E. Saffitz, Heather S. Duffy, Michael J. Ackerman
Journal: Circulation (2011)
THE HOUSEFLY IN SPRING
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ADVANCE AND RETREAT OF MEDICAL STANDARDS.
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Studies on the detection of adverse drug reactions in the newborn. I. Fetal exposure to maternal medication
Authors: W. A. Bleyer
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The drugs taken by 67 consecutive private patients during the last trimester of pregnancy have been analyzed by means of a maternal diary composed of a day-by-day medication record. Each mother took an average of 8.7 drugs during the period of study (three to nine weeks), when the drugs contained in multiple drug combinations are included. An average of 6.9 (80%) of these were taken without medical supervision or knowledge, and 1.8 (20%) were specifically ordered by the doctor. Next to vitamins, the most commonly used drugs were aspirin (69% of patients) and antacids (60% of patients). By using a personal medication record, the intake of drugs including those not ordinarily considered as "medicines" can be assessed in an outpatient population.