tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oncologic Emergencies
Authors: Susan Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA (1981)

With recent improvements in life expectancy and quality of survival for many patients with cancer, the successful management of oncological emergencies has taken on a new importance. In this timely new book, Yarbro and Bornstein provide a comprehensive discussion of the recognition and management of urgent problems in cancer patients. More inclusive than the title would suggest, the contents include psychological difficulties, pain control, supportive care, and chemotherapeutic toxicities, as well as the more traditional topics such as superior vena cava syndrome, neurological complications, hypercalcemia, infection, and renal failure. Unlike many multiauthored texts,<i>Oncologic Emergencies</i>maintains a uniform style and a consistently high level of information. Each chapter is well written and generously endowed with useful charts and tables providing extensive data on differential diagnosis, incidence and etiology, and therapeutic regimens. References are numerous and reasonably current (through 1979). Rather than taking a cookbook approach, the editors have insisted on
Medical Services to Town or County Poor, and Ethics.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Psychiatry
Authors: Martin R. Lipp
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>Textbook of Psychiatry,</h3> by Merrill T. Eaton, Jr, Margaret H. Peterson, and James A. Davis, ed 5 (<i>Textbook Series</i>), 450 pp, $29.95, New Hyde Park, NY, Medical Examination Publishing Co Inc, 1985. These two textbooks seek to serve the same audience: medical students who are taking an introductory course in psychiatry. They are almost identical in length and scope, but they differ significantly in tone, organization, and emphasis. <i>Clinical Psychiatry</i>boasts 24 contributors, and much of the variability among the 34 chapters must be attributed to the various personalities involved. Some chapters (such as the one on psychosomatic medicine) are weak in content and dated in reference material, while many others manage to combine brevity with authoritative coverage. The volume is organized around a course for second-year medical students at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, and reflects the priorities of that course. More than one fourth of the pages are
Access to medicines—business as usual?
Authors: None The Lancet Global Health
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2019)

High medicine prices are never far from the headlines, affecting access for everyone from those living in the world's most advanced economies to those in the least developed. The pharmaceutical industry, projected to be worth almost $1·6 trillion by 2020, is widely vilified for its role in this. Pharmaceutical companies are notoriously opaque in disclosing the exact costs involved in bringing a new medicine to the market. Industry-sponsored research suggests that the overall cost is around $2·6 billion.
PK11195, a Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor (PBR) Ligand, Broadly Blocks Drug Efflux to Chemosensitize Leukemia and Myeloma Cells by a PBR-Independent, Direct Transporter-Modulating Mechanism.
Authors: Roland B. Walter, Jason Pirga, Michelle R. Cronk, Sasha J. Mayer, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Deborah E. Banker
Journal: Blood (2005)
Urban high school youth and handguns. A school-based survey
Authors: C. M. Callahan
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the prevalence of handgun ownership among urban high school youth and investigate associations with socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and deviant behaviors. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey of half of the Seattle, Wash, public high schools, which enroll 50% of the school district's 11th-grade students (N=970). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Self-reports of handgun ownership, perceived access to handguns, racial/ethnic identity, social status (Hollingshead's Two Factor Index of Social Position), and social deviance (Seattle Self-Report Instrument) were determined. <h3>Results.</h3> —Thirty-four percent of the students reported easy access to handguns (47% of males, 22% of females) and 6.4% reported owning a handgun (11.4% of males, 1.5% of females). Reported firearm experiences indicated a high rate of handgun utilization: 33% of handgun owners had fired at someone, 9.7% of female students reported a firearm homicide or suicide in family members or close friends, and 6% of male students reported carrying a handgun to school sometime in the past. Handgun ownership was more common among students who reported deviant behaviors. Adjusting for age, gender, and racial/ethnic group and controlling for covariation among the problem behaviors, gang membership (odds ratio [OR], 8.8; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 3.7 to 20.8), sentencing by a judge (OR, 4.6; 95% Cl, 1.3 to 15.5), selling drugs (OR, 3.7; 95% Cl, 1.8 to 7.8), suspension or expulsion from school (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.7 to 7.0), and assault and battery (OR, 2.5; 95% Cl, 1.1 to 5.9) were associated with handgun ownership. However, 22% of male handgun owners did not report any of the above behaviors. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —The availability of handguns to the urban high school students surveyed is pervasive, and it is not limited to high-risk groups. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:3038-3042)
Heparin’s anti-inflammatory effects require glucosamine 6-O-sulfation and are mediated by blockade of L- and P-selectins
Authors: Lianchun Wang, Jillian R. Brown, Ajit Varki, Jeffrey D. Esko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Heparin has been used clinically as an anticoagulant and antithrombotic agent for over 60 years. Here we show that the potent anti-inflammatory property of heparin results primarily from blockade of P-selectin and L-selectin. Unfractionated heparin and chemically modified analogs were tested as inhibitors of selectin binding to immobilized sialyl LewisX and of cell adhesion to immobilized selectins or thrombin-activated endothelial cells. Compared with unfractionated heparin, the modified heparinoids had inhibitory activity in this general order: over–O-sulfated heparin > heparin > 2-O,3-O-desulfated ≥ N-desulfated/N-acetylated heparin ≥ carboxyl-reduced heparin ≥ N-,2-O,3-O-desulfated heparin >> 6-O-desulfated heparin. The heparinoids also showed similar differences in their ability to inhibit thioglycollate-induced peritonitis and oxazolone-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity. Mice deficient in P- or L-selectins showed impaired inflammation, which could be further reduced by heparin. However, heparin had no additional effect in mice deficient in both P- and L-selectins. We conclude that (a) heparin’s anti-inflammatory effects are mainly mediated by blocking P- and L-selectin–initiated cell adhesion; (b) the sulfate groups at C6 on the glucosamine residues play a critical role in selectin inhibition; and (c) some non-anticoagulant forms of heparin retain anti-inflammatory activity. Such analogs may prove useful as therapeutically effective inhibitors of inflammation.
Prescription Drugs
Authors: Walter A. Brown
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plastic Surgery
Authors: Michael C. Stalnecker
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The past year has seen a flurry of activity by plastic surgeons exploring the exciting applications of tissue-derived factors in wound healing and bone formation. Other studies show promising new uses for tissue expansion and are revealing the mysteries of fetal scar formation. An increased understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of sternal wound infections has improved the recovery from this catastrophic occurrence, while refinements in head and neck reconstruction using free flaps offer a significant improvement to patients disfigured by congenital deformity, trauma, or tumor. Tissue-derived growth factors are now available in greater quantities due to biosynthesis through recombinant DNA technology. Researchers are now able to study their effects on the most basic problem in plastic surgery, wound healing, and have obtained exciting and promising results. Mustoe et al<sup>1</sup>have found that plateletderived growth factors promote wound healing in rats and partially restore wound healing in surface-irradiated animals
PRAGUE
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE HYGIENE OF MUSIC.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetics
Authors: Raymond L. Teplitz
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>Gene Transfer Mechanisms</h3> Wouldn't it be useful if we knew how to transfer genetic material into cells at will? Obviously, one a[ill]m of such activity would be to provide a normal gene where one is deficient or lacking. Such an effort implies that the gene to be transferred is known, that there is a mechanism for placing it within the cell, safe from enzymatic attack, and that it can be inserted within the proper site in the genome, displacing a deficient or inoperable gene. While such experiments have not been completed successfully in mammalian cells, recombinant DNA techniques have shown that synthesis of appropriate genetic material is entirely practical. Recently, several methods for transferring genetic material into microorganisms, including deficient ones, have been reported.<sup>1,2</sup>Although the phenomenon of transfer has been known to occur spontaneously in bacteria, the mechanism has been elusive.<sup>1</sup>Now, its genetic character and control
Preliminary descriptive epidemiology of a large school outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)v in the West Midlands, United Kingdom, May 2009
Authors: Collective Health Protection Agency West Midla
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

This report describes the preliminary results from the investigation of a large school outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)v in Birmingham, United Kingdom in May 2009, when influenza A(H1N1)v was confirmed in 64 of 175 (36%) symptomatic pupils and members of staff.
Leads from the MMWR. Alcohol-associated premature mortality--United States, 1980
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stomach and duodenum
Authors: I Lnehan, P Vay, C Lob, ' Bedweil2
Journal: Gut (1992)

Surgery for colorectal cancer formerly the domain of general surgeons has come under scrutiny.Studies have identified inter-surgeon variation in outcome.The impact of a specialised service has not been addressed.We have, therefore, compared theimnediate and late results of 1018 resections performed in 982 patients since 1970, 500 (M:F 238:245) before (Group A) and 518 (M:F 246:253) after (Group B) the establishment of a colorectal service unit in 1981, whose median ages were 66 (27-94) and 70 (26-94) respectively (p<0.01).The groups were similar in Dukes' staging-, Group A: Stage A 9%, B 49%, C 42% and Group B: Stage A 10%, B 53% and C 37% respectively.There were more patients with liver metastases at operation in Group A (80 vs 62, p=0.003).there was no difference in the number of emergency (Group A 66 vs Group B 57) and curative operations (Group A 387 vs Group B 422).There was a significant increase in Group B in the proportion of anterior resections to abdominoperineal excisions of rectum compared to Group A (130/52 vs 99/101, p=<O.OOl).The median hospital stay (27 vs 22 days, p<0.01) and mortality (11.2% and 7.3%, p=0.031) were significantly less in Group B although the population was older (p<0.01).DVT and wound complications were reduced (p= 0.013 and < 0.001) but there was more catheter related sepsis (p<0.001) in Group B. The 5 year actuarial survival (p=0.002) and disease free survival (p=0.003) was better in Group B than in Group A.Improved early outcome and long term survival with avoidance of stomas demonstrate the benefit of the specialist in the surgical treautent of colorectal cancer.
Estrogenic Activity of Natural and Synthetic Estrogens in Human Breast Cancer Cells in Culture
Authors: David T. Zava, Marilyn Blen, Gail Duwe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

We investigated the estrogenic activity of various environmental pollutants (xenobiotics), in particular the xenoestrogen o,p-DDT, and compared their effects with those of endogenous estrogens, phytoestrogens, and mycoestrogens on estrogen receptor binding capacity, induction of estrogen end products, and activation of cell proliferation in estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cells in monolayer culture.We also quantified the levels of phytoestrogens in extracts of some common foods, herbs, and spices and in human saliva following consumption of a high phytoestrogen food source (soy milk) to compare phytoestrogen abundance and bioavailability relative to the reported xenoestrogen burden in humans.Results show that natural endogenous estrogens, phytoestrogens, mycoestrogens, and xenoestrogens bind estrogen receptor (ER) in intact cells, but demonstrate marked differences in their ability to induce end products of estrogen action and to regulate cell proliferation.All of the different classes of estrogens stimulated cell proliferation at concentrations that half-saturated ER, but only some classes were able to induce estrogen-regulated end products.Genistein, a common phytoestrogen found in soy foods, differed from the xenoestrogen DDT in its effects on cell proliferation and ability to induce estrogen-regulated end products.Moreover, we found that many of the foods, herbs, and spices commonly consumed by humans contain significant amounts of phytoestrogens, and consumption of soy milk, a phytoestrogen-rich food, markedly increases the levels of phytoestrogens in saliva.In conclusion, our in vitro results predict that a diet high in phytoestrogens would significantly reduce the binding of weak xenoestrogens to ER in target tissues in vivo.Environ Health Perspect 1 05(Suppl 3):637-645 (1997) Key words: xenoestrogens, phytoestrogens, endogenous estrogens, synthetic estrogens, breast cancer, reproduction (4,5) have contested the notion that trace levels of petrochemicals to which humans are inadvertently exposed act as endocrine dis- ruptors or increase the incidence of cancer.This counterargument suggests that xeno- estrogen levels to which humans are exposed daily are trivial relative to the daily exposure to natural phytoestrogens found abundantly in common foods consumed by humans.Many estrogen mimics are produced by plants and by the petrochemical and
HEPARIN, WARFARIN, AND ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Homosexuality
Authors: J. A. McCluskie
Journal: BMJ (1946)

A short-term influence (3 min) of inspiratory resistive load of 40% of the maximum intraoral pressure was carried out in 34 practically healthy subjects for stimulation of the lung metabolic function. There was a significant activation of anticoagulation systems and a decrease in coagulation potential against the background of the impact. In particular, an increase in time of blood plasma recalcification from 86.8±2.5 to 98.6±2.0 sec (p&lt;0.05); a decrease in soluble fibrin concentration from 0.20±0.007 to 0.17±0.003 (p&lt;0.05) µmol / l; an increase in heparin concentration from 0.56±0.02 to 0,78±0,04 (p&lt;0.05) U/ml; an increase in antithrombin-III concentration from 88,2±0,96 to 100.6±1,0 (p&lt;0,001)%; an increase in the total fibrinolytic blood plasma activity from 53.2±1.7 to 64±2,5 (p&lt;0.05); an increase in plasmin activity from 10.2±0.7 to 16,8±1,4 (p&lt;0,05); a decrease in α-2 blood plasma macro globulins concentration from 4±0.07 to 3.3 V±0,08 (p&lt;0.001) µmol/l; a decrease in α-1 antitrypsin concentration from 42±0,8 to 34.6±of 1.34 (p&lt;0.05) µmol/L were marked. An increase in time of phase 1 coagulation by 56±2.5% (p&lt;0.05); an increase in phase 2 coagulation by 18±0.8% (p&lt;0.05); a decrease in phase 3 coagulation (fibrinolysis time) by 32±1.5% (p&lt;0.05) were being marked on the electrocoagulogram of peripheral blood. Inhalation of two therapeutic doses of atrovent (0.08 mg ipratropiumbromide) blocked the described effect of activation of the lung metabolic function completely and changed hemostatic parameters towards increase of coagulation potential and inhibition of anticoagulation mechanisms