tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A young woman with cirrhosis: Autoimmune hepatitis vs. α1-antitrypsin deficiency
Authors: A Lok
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Y.J., a 22-yr-old black woman, was referred in February 1990 for evaluation of an asymptomatic increase in serum aminotransferase level and thrombocytopenia.She had no history of hepatitis or jaundice.Her only serious childhood illness was bronchial asthma.She had no history of surgical procedure, blood transfusion, ethanol or intravenous drug use.There was no family history of liver disease.Physical examination was unremarkable.She had no spider nevi, jaundice, lymphadenopathy, purpura, peripheral edema, hepatosplenomegaly or ascites.Blood tests showed hemoglobin of 14 gm/dl (normal, 12 to 16 gm/dl), WBC count 6.6 x 103/pl (normal, 4.5 to 11 x 103/~1), platelet count 85 x 103/pl (normal, 160 to 420 x 103/p.l),albumin 2.9 gm/dl (normal, 3.7 to 5 gm/dl), total globulin 4.5 gm/dl (normal, 2.6 to 3.2 gm/dl), gamma-globulin 2.7 gm/dl (normal, 0.6 to 1.8 gm/dl), AST 114 U L (normal, <40 UL), ALT 116 U L (normal, <46 U/L), alkaline phosphatase 131 U L (normal, 41 to 116 U/L), total bilirubin 1 mg/dl (normal, 0.1 to 1.2 mg/dl), prothrombin time 14.8 sec (control 11.5).She was negative for HBsAg, antinuclear antibody (ANA) and antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) but positive for smooth muscle antibody (SMA) at a titer of 1 : 60.Bone marrow examination revealed normal findings and adequate megakaryocytes.Liver biopsy performed in March 1990 showed CAH.She was started on prednisone (40 mg/day).Her liver profile showed mild improvement.In July 1990, her serum albumin was 3.8 gm/dl, total globulin 2.8 gm/dl, AST 75 UL, ALT 98 U/L and total bilirubin 1.5 gm/dl.She discontinued prednisone treatment at this point and was lost to follow-up.The patient returned to the Liver Clinic in June 1993 with complaints of weight gain, increasing pedal edema and amenorrhea.Physical examination revealed multiple spider angiomata, pitting leg edema extending to midtibia, a firm liver edge palpable just below the right costal margin with a liver span of 8 cm, a palpable spleen tip and no ascites.Gynecological examination was normal.Blood tests showed hemoglobin 12 gm/dl, WBC count 4.6 x 103/pl, platelet 65 x 103/~1, albumin 2.5 gm/dl, total globulin 5 gm/dl, gamma-globulin 3.5 gm/dl, AST 214 U/L,
UNITED KINGDOM
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
First prospective multicenter Italian study on the impact of the 21-gene recurrence score® (RS) in adjuvant clinical decisions for ER + /HER2- early breast cancer patients
Authors: M.V. Dieci, V. Guarneri, M. Mion, G. Tortora, P. Morandi, S. Gori, L. Merlini, C. Oliani, F. Pasini, G. Bonciarelli, E. Orvieto, P. Del Bianco, G.L. De Salvo, P.F. Conte
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
AMA's Science Reporters Conference
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

MEMBERS of the news media who gathered for the American Medical Association's (AMA) 14th Annual Science Reporters Conference in Miami, Fla, which was held in cooperation with Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, and the University of Miami School of Medicine, were able to catch up on the latest developments in a wide range of medical topics—from advanced medical directives to xenotransplantation. At the conference, representatives of the AMA, American Bar Association (ABA), and American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) released a jointly produced patient guide that they hope will help educate the public about the need for advanced health directives and make it easier for patients and their families to plan ahead for important medical decisions. The groups are urging the US Department of Health and Human Services to distribute the guide,<i>Shape Your Health Care Future With Health Care Advance Directives</i>, to all Social Security recipients. The booklet
Distinction Awards
Authors: R. Broomhead, I. Macpherson, J. l. F. Burrow, H. H. Moll, J. M. P. Clark, M. C. Oldfield, A. M. Claye, A. B. Pain, D. W. Currie, L. N. Pyrah, H. Garland, G. Seed, F. F. Hellier, H. S. Shucksmith, B. Jeaffreson, H. W. Symons, A. J. C. Latchmore, M. Telling, J. M. Lees
Journal: BMJ (1949)
Pseudo-steroid resistant asthma
Authors: J. G AYRES;, R NIVEN, F KELLETT;, P. S THOMAS
Journal: Thorax (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are mutation-prone loci that span nearly 1% of the human genome. Previous studies have estimated the mutation rates of highly polymorphic STRs using capillary electrophoresis and pedigree-based designs. While this work has provided insights into the mutational dynamics of highly mutable STRs, the mutation rates of most others remain unknown. Here, we harnessed whole-genome sequencing data to estimate the mutation rates of Y-chromosome STRs (Y-STRs) with 2-6 base pair repeat units that are accessible to Illumina sequencing. We genotyped 4,500 Y-STRs using data from the 1000 Genomes Project and the Simons Genome Diversity Project. Next, we developed MUTEA, an algorithm that infers STR mutation rates from population-scale data using a high-resolution SNP-based phylogeny. After extensive intrinsic and extrinsic validations, we harnessed MUTEA to derive mutation rate estimates for 702 polymorphic STRs by tracing each locus over 222,000 meioses, resulting in the largest collection of Y-STR mutation rates to date. Using our estimates, we identified determinants of STR mutation rates and built a model to predict rates for STRs across the genome. These predictions indicate that the load of de novo STR mutations is at least 75 mutations per generation, rivaling the load of all other known variant types. Finally, we identified Y-STRs with potential applications in forensics and genetic genealogy, assessed the ability to differentiate between the Y-chromosomes of father-son pairs, and imputed Y-STR genotypes.
Subacute Cerebellar Degeneration with Hodgkin's Disease
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic Fatigue
Authors: Deborah Gold
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To evaluate the clinical and virologic course of patients with chronic fatigue who had elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) titers, we prospectively followed up 26 patients with serial cultures for EBV in blood and saliva and serial EBV serologic and clinical and psychiatric evaluations, and we compared these results with those for healthy controls. The frequency of isolating EBV in blood or demonstrating EBV infection by in situ hybridization in blood lymphocytes or in saliva was similar in patients and controls. The prevalence and titers of antibody to human herpesvirus type 6 were also similar in the two populations. Patients with chronic fatigue did demonstrate higher in vitro natural killer activity and lower in vitro interleukin 2 production than controls, and patients had a high frequency of<i>DSM-III</i>depressive illness. Over 50% of patients with chronic fatigue improved over the course of follow-up. Improvement was not associated with any discernible change in titers of EBV proteins. No evidence of ongoing EBV infection with either transforming or nontransforming strains was demonstrated in this population of patients with chronic fatigue. Clinically, most patients gradually improve over time. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:48-53)
Impact of the combination of durvalumab (MEDI4736) plus olaparib (AZD2281) administered prior to surgery in the molecular profile of resectable urothelial bladder cancer: NEODURVARIB Trial.
Authors: Juan Francisco Rodriguez-Moreno, Elena Sevillano, MD Fenor, Ricardo Collado Martín, Emilio Esteban, Ricardo Fernandez, Albert Font Pous, Pablo Gajate, José Muñoz-Langa, Sergio Vazquez-Estevez, Guillermo de Velasco, Juan Antonio Virizuela, Paloma Navarro, S Ruiz-LLorente, Luis Beltran, Cristina Rodríguez-Antona, JesÃºs GarcÃa-Donas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

TPS503 Background: Perioperative treatment of muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) remains cisplatin-based chemotherapy, but recent evidences suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitors could be incorporated in this setting. Durvalumab is a PD-L1 blocking antibody active in advanced urothelial carcinoma pretreated with platinum-containing chemotherapy and currently under evaluation in first-line, both as monotherapy and in combination with tremelimumab. Olaparib is a PARP inhibitor especially important in tumors with deficiencies in DNA repair mechanisms. Preliminary results from combination trials suggest that these drugs could have synergistic effect dependent on an immunogenic modulation related with STING pathway, and an increase of neoantigens. Unexpected toxicities have not been described. Methods: Design: Open label phase II single arm clinical trial. Primary Objective: To assess the impact of neoadjuvant treatment with durvalumab plus olaparib in the molecular profile of MIBC. Secondary Objectives: Efficacy (Radiological and pathological responses); Safety. Exploratory objective: To identify predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Key correlative studies: Independent central pathologist for histological review and assessment of immunohistochemistry for PD1, PD-L1 and PD-L2; Genomic characterization (WES) and Expression assessment (RNAseq) of the tumors pre and post treatment; Assessment of soluble biomarkers and their evolution during the treatment: flow cytometry for immune cells; immunoassays for cytokines; HLA genotyping. Treatment: Durvalumab 1500 mg iv Q4W &amp; Olaparib 150 mg bid orally during 6 to a maximum of 8 weeks pre-cystectomy. Recruitment: 29 patients. Collaborating institutions: 10 (members of Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group). Key Inclusion Criteria: Subjects with histological confirmation of T2-T4a MIBC aimed for cystectomy without neoadjuvant chemotherapy; Available samples for correlative studies; Adequate medullary, renal and hepatic function. Key Exclusion Criteria: Use of immunosuppressive medication; Documented autoimmune disorders. Clinical trial information: NCT03534492.
Appendicectomy
Authors: J. A. Macfarlane
Journal: BMJ (1954)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Infection-related hospitalizations have increased dramatically over the last 10 years in patients receiving in-center hemodialysis. Patient and dialysis facility characteristics associated with the rate of infection-related hospitalization were examined, with consideration of the region of care, rural-urban residence, and socioeconomic status. <h3>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements</h3> The US Renal Data System linked to the American Community Survey and Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes was used to examine factors associated with hospitalization for infection among Medicare beneficiaries starting in-center hemodialysis between 2005 and 2008. A Poisson mixed effects model was used to examine the associations among patient and dialysis facility characteristics and the rate of infection-related hospitalization. <h3>Results</h3> Among 135,545 Medicare beneficiaries, 38,475 (28%) had at least one infection-related hospitalization. The overall rate of infection-related hospitalization was 40.2 per 100 person-years. Age ≥85 years old, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inability to ambulate or transfer, drug dependence, residence in a care facility, serum albumin &lt;3.5 g/dl at dialysis initiation, and dialysis initiation with an access other than a fistula were associated with a ≥20% increase in the rate of infection-related hospitalization. Patients residing in isolated small rural compared with urban areas had lower rates of hospitalization for infection (rate ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.97), and rates of hospitalization for infection varied across the ESRD networks. Measures of socioeconomic status (at the zip code level), total facility staffing, and the composition of staff (percentage of nurses) were not associated with the rate of hospitalization for infection. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patient and facility factors associated with higher rates of infection-related hospitalization were identified. The findings from this study can be used to identify patients at higher risk for infection and inform the design of infection prevention strategies.
Phytoestrogens: Friends or Foes?
Authors: Julia Barrett
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Focus ensPhytoestrogens are plant chemicals that may act as fungicides, deter herbivores, regulate plant hormones, and protect plants against ultraviolet radiation.Structurally, some phytoestrogens resemble endogenous estrogens of humans and animals, and recent research suggests they may also function as estrogen agonists or antagonists when eaten by humans.Although humans have used phytoestrogens medicinally for thousands of years, only in the last 15 years or so have researchers begun to look beyond the folk remedies to investigate phytoestrogens' possible roles in modern health care.Although the popular media has at times heralded phytoestrogens as panaceas, med- ical data remain inconclusive.Still, recent epidemiological studies and experiments with animals suggest many varied benefits of phytoestrogens."Although much indepth research has been done to identify and characterize the pharmacokinetics of certain phytoestrogens, the whole area of using phytoestrogens for medicinal purpos- es remains wide open," says Retha Newbold, a research biologist in the NIEHS Reproductive Toxicology Group.Reports about environmental estro- gens, or xenoestrogens, have been widespread in the last few years.There are important distinctions between estrogenic compounds of industrial origin and those that come from plants, however.Compounds such as the insecticide DDT and industrial PCBs have been implicated by some researchers in causing estrogen- dependent cancers in exposed populations.These same compounds have also been suggested as causes of declining sperm counts and other fertility problems in humans, as well as reproductive failures and anatomical abnormalities in wildlife.Unlike some industrial xenoestrogens, which tend to bioaccumulate in adipose tissue and persist in the body for years, phytoestrogens are readily metabolized and spend relatively little time in the body.However, during this time they can have significant effects on body systems.The timing of exposure, repeated exposures, and levels of exposure to phytoestrogens are important."The issue is a lot more complicated than it looks on the surface," says Newbold. "Just because a substance, like phytoestrogens, is naturally produced doesn't make it automatically harmless or beneficial." How TheyWorkExtensive research has been done to identify the types of phytoestrogens that are found in humans and how they are metabolized.The two major classes of phytoestrogens that have captured the most scientific atten- tion are lignans and isoflavones.
Abstract of Paper on Senile Changes in Bones and Some Senile Diseases of the Osseous System
Authors: F. S. Eve
Journal: BMJ (1891)

Summary: We assessed the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of securing site-selective brain biopsy specimens by using a real-time CT-guided stereotactic navigation system through a mini-burr hole in the skulls of two dogs. Two beagle dogs each underwent two biopsy procedures. Our results indicated that the navigation system was accurate, safe, fast, and reliable for performing real-time brain biopsy in dogs and eliminated the need or risk of a standard-flap craniotomy.
Vitamin Content of Australian, New Zealand and English Butters.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule—United States, 2002
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Since publication of the recommended childhood immunization schedule in January 1997, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) have changed recommended ages for administration of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) and poliovirus vaccines. In addition, these organizations have clarified recommendations for administration of MMR, varicella vaccine, and hepatitis B vaccine during the routine visit to health-care providers for adolescents aged 11-12 years; the interchangeability of the three licensed Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines for primary and booster vaccination; and the timing for the third dose of hepatitis B vaccine. This report presents the recommended childhood immunization schedule for 1998 and explains the changes that have occurred since publication of the last schedule. Detailed recommendations about the use of vaccines are available from the manufacturers' package inserts, the 1997 Red Book, or ACIP statements on specific vaccines.
Jumping Genes
Authors: Robert S. Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

In 1866, Gregor Mendel, a high-school science teacher in what is now Brno, Czech Republic, described plant-breeding experiments that he had done in the garden of the monastery of St. Thomas. The paper appeared in the transactions of the Brünn Natural History Society, two years before the publication of Darwin's Origin of Species. Neither man knew the work of the other. Indeed, Mendel's work remained unnoticed until 1900, 16 years after his death. William Bateson coined the word “genetics”in 1906, invented the terms “heterozygote”and “homozygote,”and was the first to apply Mendel's ideas to a human disease, alkaptonuria. . . .
RELATIONS BETWEEN ALIMENTARY AND DIABETIC GLYCOSURIA.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal