tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Concern for Developmental Neurotoxicology: Is It Justified and What Is Being Done about It?
Authors: Hugh A. Tilson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

In general, it is believed that the possibility of an adverse developmental outcome following conception is relatively high.In most cases, the cause of the defect is not clear, although exposure to chemical agents at a critical period during development has been proposed to play a significant role.Consequently, regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) have promulgated testing guidelines for assessing developmental neurotoxicity of chemicals in animal testing protocols.Concerns have been expressed about the use of behavioral tests to evaluate chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity, since some investigators believe that they lack predictive validity for human developmental neurotoxicity.Other investigators have indicated that results from such studies are difficult to interpret because of a lack of standardization and sensitivity of the tests.Furthermore, it has been argued that the developing organism is not especially sensitive to chemicals or, if effects are observed, the developing organism is capable of compensating for the deficit.Recent research, however, has adequately demonstrated that developing organisms are especially vulnerable to chemical agents if the exposure occurs at a critical period during development, while other studies have supported the assumption that functional or behavioral effects observed in animal models can be extrapolated to humans.These findings support the routine assessment of chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity using functional end points and suggest that currently available methods could be used to determine more precisely the mechanism of chemical-induced developmental defects.
Value of routine ultrasound scanning.
Authors: M. J. Whittle
Journal: BMJ (1992)

their general practitioner.Taking into considera- tion the points already made about possible reasons for their visit to the department and the general nature of the question asked, the figure does not seem to differ from that found in other studies.2The study asked a vague general question about consultations with a general practitioner before the visit to the accident and emergency department and consequently got vague general data, from which no conclusions can be drawn.Perhaps more disturbing is the implied criticism of general practitioners' diagnostic ability.I hope that I am being hypersensitive after my second 120 hour week this month and that no such criticism was meant.
Plasma Protein and Lipoprotein Distribution of Clozapine
Authors: R. M. Procyshyn
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: The authors’ goal was to determine what effect dyslipidemia has on clozapine’s plasma distribution. METHOD: [3H]Clozapine plus cold clozapine (335 ng/ml) were incubated in plasma samples with varying total cholesterol, lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations. Following incubation, the plasma was separated into its lipoprotein and lipoprotein-deficient fractions by density gradient ultracentrifugation and clozapine distribution was determined. RESULTS: Compared with the plasma standard, significantly more clozapine was recovered in the very-low-density lipoprotein fraction, which contained elevated total cholesterol and triglycerides. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between total plasma triglyceride concentration and clozapine recovery in this fraction. CONCLUSIONS: In plasma samples with elevated triglycerides, clozapine shifts from the lipoprotein-deficient fraction to the very-low-density lipoprotein fraction. This redistribution of clozapine may affect the pharmacological activity of clozapine.
Phase II trial of bevacizumab (A), lenalidomide (R), docetaxel (D), and prednisone (P) in patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: X. Huang, Y. M. Ning, M. Mulquin, R. A. Madan, J. L. Gulley, P. G. Kluetz, D. Adelberg, P. M. Arlen, H. L. Parnes, B. Adesunloye, S. M. Steinberg, J. J. Wright, J. B. Trepel, C. Chen, C. Bassim, A. B. Apolo, W. D. Figg, W. L. Dahut
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4574 Background: Angiogenesis may play a critical role in the progression of mCRPC. Previously we have shown the potent anti-tumor activity of the combination of D, Thalidomide (T), A, and P in mCRPC (Ning JCO 2010). We hypothesized that combining R, an analogue of T, with A, D and P would have a more favorable efficacy/toxicity profile. Methods: All pts had chemotherapy-naïve progressive mCRPC. 6 pts were treated with R at 15 and 20 mg prior to doses at 25 mg. Treatment is 75 mg/m2 D, 15 mg/kg A every 21 days as one cycle (C), plus 25 mg R for 14 days with daily 10 mg P and enoxaparin. After grade 3 neutropenia was seen in > 80% of pts in all cohorts, the protocol was amended to include prophylactic pegfilgrastim. PSA is tested each C with imaging after C2 and then every 3C. Dental exams with mandible CTs are at baseline, after C5, and then every 6C or earlier if needed. Results: 32 of the planned 51 patients have been enrolled. Characteristics were: median age 66 [51-82], Gleason score 8 [68.8% 8-10, 31.2% 6-7], on-study PSA 136 ng/ml [9.2-3520], and pre-study PSA doubling time 1.43 months [0.52-4.07]. Median treatment Cs was 11 [2-26] as of this analysis. 3/32 patients came off study due to clinical and radiographic progression. 29 patients remain on study; 29/32 (90.6%) and 24/32 (75%) patients who have completed ≥2 cycles had PSA declines of ≥50% and ≥75%, respectively. Of 17 patients with measurable disease there were 1 CR, 13 PR, and 3 SDs (82.4% overall RR). Grade ≥ 3 toxicities included neutropenia (16/32), anemia (6/32), thrombocytopenia (3/32), weight loss (1/32), hypertension (1/32), and infection (4/32). 1/32 pts had febrile neutropenia. 2/32 pts had perianal fistula. 10/32 pts (31.3%) had grade 2 osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), defined as bone death on dental exam; 6/10 pts had concomitant and 3/10 pts had a history of bisphosphonate use. Conclusions: Combined therapy with anti-angiogenic agents A and R, plus D and P is associated with high response rates, 90.6% in PSA and 82.4% in measurable disease in mCRPC, with manageable toxicities. Further study is underway to characterize the activity and to explore the high incidence of ONJ, including the possibility of ascertainment bias.
Abnormalities of the central visual pathways contributing to traffic accidents
Authors: E. Freytag
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The autopsies of two automobile drivers and five pedestrians injured in traffic accidents revealed lesions in various parts of the central visual pathways which must have produced visual defects prior to the accidents. The manner in which the accidents took place suggested that the visual deficiencies of the victims may have caused or contributed to the accident. This information is significant for forensic purposes and for accident prevention.
Authorship
Authors: Angelo Taranta
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters15 November 1990AuthorshipAngelo Taranta, MDAngelo Taranta, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-10-809_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: I enjoyed reading the scholarly review-essay on medical authorship by W. Bruce Fye (1). I find it sad and a bit distressing, however, that the article is written almost entirely from the standpoint of writers (and of their academic superiors and employers) rather than from that of readers and other consumers of published information.Delays in publication were harmless enough when most or all medical articles had no potential benefit to anyone—say, a century or so ago. (If there was no benefit from publication, there was no harm in its delay.) Now, however, many medical articles contain...Reference1. Fye W. Medical authorship: traditions, trends, and tribulations. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:317-25. LinkGoogle Scholar1. Fye W. Medical authorship: traditions, trends, and tribulations. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:317-25. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Arlin Z. Authorship and clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108: 495-6. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Huth E. Irresponsible authorship and wasteful publication. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:257-9. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Friedhoff A. Collaboration and responsibility. Science. 1988;242: 1623. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. . Guidelines on authorship. Br Med J [Clin Res]. 1985;291:722. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Angelo Taranta, MDAffiliations: Cabrini Medical Center New York Medical College New York, NY 10003 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1990Volume 113, Issue 10Page: 809-810 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 November 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Physical Diagnosis
Authors: Stephen Scott
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fibrinolysin (human) in large therapeutic doses; its effect on hemostasis in wound-healing in dogs
Authors: M. A. Polacek
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In recent years, mixtures of plasmin and streptokinase, known as fibrinolysin, have been available for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders.<sup>1-7</sup>In terms of dosage and efficacy, the use of this agent for treatment of the infrequent but sometimes catastrophic postoperative complications of thromboembolic disease remains controversial.<sup>8</sup>Since such complications may occur in the early postoperative period, it would be useful to have some information regarding the effect of this agent in bleeding and healing in surgical wounds. Reduction of plasma fibrinogen levels results in prolongation of clotting time and consequently may lead to poor hemostasis and subsequent problems in wound-healing.<sup>9-10</sup>Fibrinolysins produced in humans have already been identified in bleeding diathesis in surgical patients, although the dehiscence of suture lines has not yet been reported. Since there are frequent indications for postoperative therapy with fibrinolysin (human) and its effect on wound-healing has not yet been investigated, one
TMOD-03. GENES PRESERVING STEM CELL STATE IN GROUP 3 MB BTICS CONTRIBUTE TO THERAPY EVASION AND RELAPSE
Authors: David Bakhshinyan, Ashley Adile, Chitra Venugopal, Mohini Singh, Maleeha Qazi, Branavan Manoranjan, Michelle Kameda-Smith, Sheila Singh
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Out of all the subgroups, Group 3 patients face the highest incidence of leptomeningeal spread and overall patient survival of less than 50%. Current clinical trials for recurrent MB patients based on genomic profiles of primary, treatment-naïve tumors, provide limited clinical benefit since recurrent metastatic MBs are highly genetically divergent from their primary tumors. By adapting the existing COG (Children’s Oncology Group) Protocol for children with newly diagnosed high-risk MB for treatment of immuno-deficient mice intracranially engrafted with human MB brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs), we have characterized the rare treatment-refractory cell population in Group 3 MBs. MB cell populations recovered separately from brains and spines during the course of tumor development and therapy were comprehensively profiled for gene expression analysis, stem cell and molecular features to generate a global, comparative profile of MB cells through therapy to relapse. One of the most intriguing observations from our gene expression data was consistent over-expression of proteins belonging to Inhibitor of DNA-binding/differentiation (ID) family, transcription factors with a basic helix-loop-helix motif that act as suppressors cellular differentiation and a longevity associated protein bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing-family-B-member-4 (BPIFB4) in our refractory population. The persistent upregulation of genes preserving undifferentiated state and cellular longevity further strengthens the hypothesis of stem-cell like cells driving tumor relapse in MB. The upregulation of the top 90 genes in our relapse cohort was predictive of worse overall survival in patients diagnosed with Group 3 MB. Furthermore, through application of cellular barcoding technology, we next aim to determine how MB BTICs evolve in response to therapy. Our differential genomic and gene expression profiles of the “treatment-responsive” tumors against those that fail therapy will thus contribute to discovery of novel therapeutic targets for the most aggressive subgroup of MB.
Abstract O.55: Utility of Adenosine Cardiac Stress MRI to Evaluate Ischemia in Patients with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Michael J Campbell, Piers Barker, Jennifer Li
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Patients with Kawasaki Disease (KD) and a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) are at risk of myocardial ischemia/infarction. Adenosine stress cardiac MRI (CMR) has been increasingly used in adults to evaluate for atherosclerotic CAD. This modality has not been widely used in the evaluation of CAD in children and young adults, but may be useful in those with a history of KD. Methods: Patients with a history of Kawasaki disease and a clinical indication for a stress cardiac MRI were prospectively enrolled in the study. SSFP cine and delayed enhancement CMR (DE-CMR) were performed in a standard manner. Adenosine stress perfusion was performed with administration of adenosine (140 ug/kg/min) for 2-4 minutes and gadolinium (0.1 mmol/kg) using a standard adult protocol. Results: A total of 13 procedures were performed between 2010 and 2014 on 8 patients with a history of KD (ages 8 to 22, 3F/5M). Seven of eight patients presented with chest pain. Seven of eight patients had documented moderate to giant aneurysms and one had a previous coronary bypass operation. Scans were performed 3-16 years after initial episodes of KD. Three of 16 (19%) scans demonstrated inducible regional ischemia in the distribution of coronary abnormalities. Of these, all underwent cardiac catheterization and 1 patient subsequently underwent coronary bypass surgery. All patients with negative scans were followed clinically with no evidence of further symptoms. Conclusion: As a non-invasive imaging modality, adenosine cardiac stress MRI is feasible in patients with KD and coronary abnormalities and may obviate the need for invasive studies in order to rule out significant CAD. Further studies are needed to evaluate this imaging modality as a more definitive test in the evaluation of KD and chest pain.
Treatment of Epilepsy.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ELECTRICAL ANESTHESIA
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>A Plea for the Scientific Study of Insanity.</i>Being the substance of addresses delivered before the Royal Academy of Medicine of Ireland, and the Medical Institution of Liverpool. By J. Batty Tuke, M. D., F. R. C. P. Edin., Medical Superintendent of the Naughton Hall Institution for the Cure and Care of the Insane. Edinburgh and London: Young J. Pentland, 1891. [Reprint from the<i>British Medical Journal.</i>]
Authors: J. M. M.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1891)
Parasite Transmission
Authors: Vincent de Paul Lynch
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a letter (221:917, 1972), Dr. Paul Abrahm described a case of mixed intestinal parasitism in a young man. After recurrences over a period of several months, Dr. Abrahm decided finally that the mode of transmission was via contaminated marihuana: "They had sprinkled it raw on their salads!" There is no question but that pathogenic and nonpathogenic intestinal parasites are transmitted frequently by ingesting contaminated food or water that may contain cysts, ova, or live trophozoites. However, in the case of one of the organisms found by Dr. Abrahm, the life cycle is such as to preclude that mode of transmission unless the carrier material had been contaminated immediately before consumption. The parasite in question—<i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i>—is regarded as being extremely delicate in its trophozoite stage. Furthermore, ova and cysts are not produced by this organism. Reproduction is by way of simple fission. As Belding<sup>1</sup>
Adolescence, Its Psychology and Its Relation to Physiology, Anthropology. Sociology, Sex, Crime. Religion and Education.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal