tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of male-specific cytochrome P450s 2C11 and 3A2 in bile duct-ligated male rats: Importance to reduced hepatic content of cytochrome P450 in cholestasis*1, *2
Authors: J CHEN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The effects of bile duct ligation (BDL) on the activity and content of individual hepatic mixed-function oxidases (MFOs) was examined. Five days after BDL, hepatic microsomal total cytochrome P450 (CYP) content and NADPH-cytochrome P450-reductase (P450-reductase) activity were reduced to 56% and 57% of control, respectively. MFO activities attributable to the sexually undifferentiated CYPs 1A, 2A1, 2C6, and 2E1 were decreased to 32% to 52% of control, but the activities of two male sex-specific CYPs, 2C11 and 3A2, were reduced to a significantly greater extent (P < .05). The microsomal contents of CYP proteins 2C6 and 2E1 were decreased after BDL to 61% and 63% of control, whereas 2C11 and 3A2 proteins were 21% and 45% of control. Corresponding reductions of the messenger RNA (mRNA) species for CYP 2C11 (9% of control) and 3A2 (37%) were detected, whereas there was no reduction of 2C6 mRNA. These findings are consistent with downregulation of the CYP 2C11 and 3A2 genes. Nuclear run-on studies performed 3 days after BDL showed that there was a generalized impairment of gene transcription after BDL, but a disproportionate reduction in transcription of CYPs 2C11 and 3A2. A possible explanation for downregulation of CYP 2C11 and 3A2 was provided by the observation that serum estradiol concentrations were threefold greater in BDL male rats, while serum testosterone was reduced; estradiol is known to downregulate CYPs 2C11 and 3A2. It is concluded that male sex-specific CYP enzymes are decreased to a greater extent than other microsomal proteins in BDL male rats. It is proposed that the reduced activity of steroid metabolizing enzymes, which occurs after BDL, results in altered serum sex steroid concentrations, which, in turn, lead to decreased transcription of CYP 2C11 and 3A2 genes.
442O Overall health status (HS) in patients (pts) with advanced (adv) non-squamous (NSQ) NSCLC treated with nivolumab (nivo) or docetaxel (doc) in CheckMate 057
Authors: M. Reck, J. Brahmer, B. Bennett, F. Taylor, J.R. Penrod, M. Derosa, H. Dastani, R. Gralla
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene: At the Crossroads of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Molecular Epidemiology, and Cancer Risk Assessment
Authors: Curtis C. Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Carcinogenesis is a multistage process involving the inappropriate activation of normal cellular genes to become oncogenes, e.g., ras, and the inactivation of other cellular genes called tumor suppressor genes.p53 is the prototypic tumor suppressor gene that is well suited as a molecular link between the causes of cancer, i.e., carcinogenic chemical and physical agents and certain viruses, and the development of clinical cancer.The p53 tumor suppressor gene is mutated in the majority of human cancers.Genetic analysis of human cancer is providing clues to the etiology of these diverse tumors and to the functions of the p53 gene.Some of the mutations in the p53 gene reflect endogenous causes of cancer, whereas others are characteristic of carcinogens found in our environment.In geographic areas where hepatitis B virus and a dietary chemical carcinogen, aflatoxin B1, are risk factors of liver cancer, a molecular signature of the chemical carcinogen is found in the mutated p53 gene.A different molecular signature in the p53 gene is found in skin cancer caused by sunlight.Because mutations in the p53 gene can occur in precancerous lesions in the lung, breast, esophagus, and colon, molecular analysis of the p53 gene in exfoliated cells found in either body fluids or tissue biopsies may identify individuals at increased cancer risk.p53 mutations in tumors generally indicate a poorer prognosis.In summary, the recent history of p53 investigations is a paradigm in cancer research, illustrating both the convergence of previously parallel lines of basic, clinical, and epidemiologic investigation and the rapid translation of research findings from the laboratory to the clinic.-
Interaction between warfarin and ethacrynic acid
Authors: R. J. Petrick
Journal: JAMA (1975)

HAZARDOUS conditions may result from interactions of drugs that can substantially increase or decrease a patient's response to warfarin sodium. The interaction between warfarin and ethacrynic acid has been demonstrated in vitro, but apparently, no clinical evidence has been reported in the literature confirming this. We have had the opportunity to observe a patient taking both warfarin and ethacrynic acid. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 38-year-old woman was admitted with known primary pulmonary hypertension diagnosed by cardiac catheterization. As on multiple prior admissions, she had weight gain, shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and belching. She had a two-year history of labile hypertension. During 1972, she developed increased skin pigmentation, elevated blood pressure, and cor pulmonale. Since then, severe failure of the right side of the heart has required several admissions and therapy with extremely high doses of diuretics. A diagnosis of protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia was established. Recently, paroxysmal nocturnal
Incorrect Address and Reference
Authors: Carrol Gamble, Steff Lewis, Stephen Senn
Journal: JAMA (2018)

are viewed in confidence by a data monitoring committee), and it is possible for a member of the statistical team to remain blinded so that they can continue to update the SAP without knowledge of the unblinded trial results.We agree that sufficient justification should be provided for the choice of a noninferiority margin, but this information is crucial to the planning of the study and should therefore be provided in the protocol, together with the clinical rationale and not just the statistical justification of the margin.
von Behring
Authors: Stanislaw Dubiski
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA Psychiatry
Authors: Phil Fontanarosa, Annette Flanagin, Brenda Gregoline, Tracy Frey, Miriam Cintron, Shannon Sparenga, Kevin Brown, Paul Ruich, Suzanne Walker, Diane Cannon, Connie Manno, Fred Marshall, Catherine Copyreaders, Stephanie Alden, Jan Beckmeyer, Mary Clavey, Paula Coerver-Connolly, Laura Glitman, Kenneth King, Brandy Lane, Donna Patton, Editorial Thordsen, Wanda Assistant, Larry Bryant, Monica Mungle, Elaine Williams, Kathryn Brokke, Fanny Brown, Lenette Gardner-Gullens, Erin Kato, Peter Kim, Rachell Lozano, Michaela Mark, Elizabeth Scientifi, Michael Berkwits, Michelle Kurzynski, Eric Butkus, Will English, Mustafa Ishaq, Daniel Morrow, Reuben Rios, Ronna Henry, Karen Bucher, Samantha Welker, David Song, Deputy Livingston, Thomas Cole, Marla Hall, Deanna Willis, Yolanda Davis, Joseph Thornton, Preeti Malani, Deanna Bellandi, Jim Periodical, Thomas Easley, Brian Shields, Karen Adams-Taylor, Monica Smith, Jeff Ery, J Bonistalli, Kathy Russell, Mirna Monal, Stacey Mchugh, Marketing Thornbury, Tricia Classifi, Thalia Moss, Mike Harvey, Susan Henning, Saskia Bolore, Gretchen Linder, Brian Mccartney, Christine Hearne, Rebecca Staff, David Baum, Natasha Nekola, Ron Marketing, Paul Gee, Matt Herron, Elizabeth Solaro, Geoff Rey, Rick Bell, Fergus Clare, Lindsay Dawson, Ellen Gibson, Craig Mccaff Rey, Michael Mcgraw, Romando Rossini, Stacy Staff, Millette Jackson-Bates, Karl Elvin, Nancy Essex, Jaye Mize, Sean O'donnell, Sue Managers, David Antos, Chris Borden, Debbie Camp, Lydia Cruz, Scott Curl, Diane Darnell, Colleen Kelly, Chris Meyer, Annemarie Neff, J Neff, Sean Ohlson, Phil O'leary, Bill Pedone, Susan Price, Benita Shah, Denise Steinhauser, Joe Advertising, Production Services, Kim Boler, Rhonda Brown, Daniel Degroot, Jordynn Farrar, Shawn Hansen, Euwanaha Joiner-Smith, Joshua Lane, Cindy Rendlen, Ellen Yoshihara, Circulation Services, Julie Burton, Dexter Golden, Erin Hinchcliff, Noemi Rivera, Geneine Van, Someren Composition, New Media, Gail Barrett, Regina Brownlee, Amanda Camino, Brenda Chandler-Grayer, Emily Dunn, Amy Evers, Teri Hutchison, Mary Kuranda, Joshua Lampinen, Nathan Mitre, Patricia Panek, La Son, Diggs Sledge, George Thomson Graphics, Joe Amft, Maria Duda, Fred Furtner, Carolyn Hall, Maria Kowalkowski, Proofreading Carol, Joy Farrell, Daniel James, Judith Literskis, Teresa Omiotek, Michael Ryder, James Madara, Bernard Hengesbaugh, Dan Blazer, North Carolina, David Braff, La Jolla, Naomi California, Stephen Breslau, Washington Dager, Atlanta Druss, Susan Georgia, New Essock, New York, Ellen York, John Hardy, James Harris, Maryland Shitij Kapur, Kenneth Kendler, Virginia Ronald, C Kessler, Kathleen Merikangas, Maryland Samples O'malley, Michael Owen, Fmed Sci, Judith Rapoport, Maryland Charles, F Reynolds, Myrna Weissman, Naomi Wray, Charles Zorumski, St Louis, Roy Grinker Sr, Daniel Freedman, Jack Barchas, Joseph Coyle, Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Dost Öngür, Helena Chmura Kraemer, Ira Phillips, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)
Update: Raccoon Rabies Epizootic— United States, 1996
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outcome of Patients (pts) with Low and Intermediate-1 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) After Hypomethylating Agent (HMA) Failure.
Authors: Elias J. Jabbour, Naval G. Daver, Tina (Xiao Qin) Dong, Tapan M. Kadia, Susan O'Brien, Jorge E. Cortes, Farhad Ravandi, Naveen Pemmaraju, Hady Ghanem, Stefan Faderl, Gautam Borthakur, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Guillermo Garcia-Manero
Journal: Blood (2012)
Outcome in the chronic fatigue syndrome.
Authors: S. Wessely
Journal: BMJ (1992)

hepatitis B virus is already fraught with difficulties.A good response (>100 mU antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen/ml) is achieved in only 76-4% of adults and is less likely with increasing ages; the vaccine is expensive, and uptake among health service workers is low.6These problems must not be compounded by use of an inappropriate site of injection.
In Reply
Authors: Elisabetta Rapiti, Helena M. Verkooijen, Christine Bouchardy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

begin to separate immediately, favoring the group that had surgery with negative margins.Given the doubling time of breast cancer cells, it would take several years for a small number of metastatic cells to grow into a clinically apparent tumor.We therefore conclude that the difference in survival must be attributable to another mechanism that takes effect immediately after surgery.Alternative hypotheses might include endocrine or cytokine-mediated effects that ultimately modify the behavior of the tumor cells in the metastatic sites.It is possible that at least some of the difference in survival is due to confounding factors.For one thing, the authors did report that 28 patients died within 30 days of diagnosis-these patients presumably would have been too sick to have surgery or died before they had the chance.When these patients are excluded, the survival benefit for the surgery group is no longer statistically significant.Although the authors did adjust for many potential confounders, there may be other significant variables, such as comorbidities.Despite the inherent limitations of this study, the apparent improvement in survival for the patients with bone-only metastasis is undoubtedly impressive, and worthy of further investigation.
Diet and Food: Considered in Relation to Strength and Power of Endurance, Training and Athletes.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

This is a little work that will attract more attention, from the peculiarity of some of its views taken in connection with the well-established reputation of its author, whose prior publications have certainly had a very considerable influence on medical thought and opinion. It is in fact, a plea for vegetarianism, and that of a very thorough type, for the author would discard eggs in his diet list as well as all stimulants, including tea and coffee. Of course, uric acid is the text, and it is as containing or engendering this poison that all animal food except milk and its products are rejected or condemned. The author's views and statements as to the comparative power of endurance of vegetarians and meat eaters are rather too comprehensive, and the work is to some extent a purely<i>ex parte</i>argument that does not duly take into account all the facts. The
Abstract 436: Resistance to fluid shear stress is a conserved novel biophysical property of malignant cells
Authors: Jones T. Nauseef, J. Matthew Barnes, Michael D. Henry
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract During metastasis, cancer cells access distant tissues via the circulation but how this fluid microenvironment influences cancer cell biology is poorly understood. It has been suggested that physical destruction of carcinoma cells due to exposure to hemodynamic forces during circulation is a barrier to metastasis. Here we report that transformed cells are remarkably resistant to fluid shear stress (FSS) in a novel microfluidic protocol. When subjected to a series of millisecond pulses of high FSS, transformed cells exhibit a biphasic decrease in viability. Significantly, human red and white blood cells survived the forces in this protocol. In stark contrast, non-transformed epithelial cells are markedly more susceptible to death under FSS. Accordingly, we show that FSS resistance is a property conferred by oncogenes. We reveal FSS resistance to be a transient and adaptive response triggered by plasma membrane damage and mediated by both extracellular calcium influx and dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. This property of malignant cancer cells may facilitate hematogenous metastasis and indicates, contrary to expectations, that cancer cells are quite resistant to FSS. Thus, destruction of circulating cancer cells by hemodynamic shear is not likely to limit metastasis. Our data suggest that FSS resistance is a biophysical biomarker which may be used to rapidly discriminate between malignant and benign cells and, by virtue of representing phenotypic integration of oncogenic transformation, may be more tractable than conventional molecular biomarkers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 436. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-436
THE CARE OF THE PATIENT
Authors: FRANCIS W. PEABODY
Journal: JAMA (1927)

It is probably fortunate that systems of education are constantly under the fire of general criticism, for if education were left solely in the hands of teachers the chances are good that it would soon deteriorate. Medical education, however, is less likely to suffer from such stagnation, for whenever the lay public stops criticizing the type of modern doctor, the medical profession itself may be counted on to stir up the stagnant pool and cleanse it of its sedimentary deposit. The most common criticism made at present by older practitioners is that young graduates have been taught a great deal about the mechanism of disease, but very little about the practice of medicine—or, to put it more bluntly, they are too "scientific" and do not know how to take care of patients. One is, of course, somewhat tempted to question how completely fitted for his life work the practitioner of
Tuberculosis Outbreak
Authors: J. Arthur Myers
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The excellent paper entitled "Tuberculosis Outbreak in an Alabama High School," by Darney and Clenny (<b>216</b>:2117, 1971), deserves the study and support of physicians everywhere. The outbreak unit consists of an individual who has communicable tuberculosis and the persons whom he has infected. In Henry County, Alabama, in December 1968, the County Health Department found that among students in the 8th and 12th grades of the Training School 2.8% and 3.9% reacted, respectively. That information made it possible to identify the students who had recently been infected when the 17year-old 11th grader was found to have clinical tuberculosis. In 1921, a school and clinic for study of tuberculosis in children was established in Minneapolis with a medical staff of 28 physicians.<sup>1</sup>More than 19,000 children were examined in this clinic over the years, and as many as possible have been followed up. A considerable number
"Pseudo-extubation"?
Authors: P. Fowlie, H. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective:</b> To estimate productivity losses and financial costs to employers caused by cigarette smoking in the Taiwan workplace. <b>Methods:</b> The human capital approach was used to calculate lost productivity. Assuming the value of lost productivity was equal to the wage/salary rate and basing the calculations on smoking rate in the workforce, average days of absenteeism, average wage/salary rate, and increased risk and absenteeism among smokers obtained from earlier research, costs due to smoker absenteeism were estimated. Financial losses caused by passive smoking, smoking breaks, and occupational injuries were calculated. <b>Results:</b> Using a conservative estimate of excess absenteeism from work, male smokers took off an average of 4.36 sick days and male non-smokers took off an average of 3.30 sick days. Female smokers took off an average of 4.96 sick days and non-smoking females took off an average of 3.75 sick days. Excess absenteeism caused by employee smoking was estimated to cost US$178 million per annum for males and US$6 million for females at a total cost of US$184 million per annum. The time men and women spent taking smoking breaks amounted to nine days per year and six days per year, respectively, resulting in reduced output productivity losses of US$733 million. Increased sick leave costs due to passive smoking were approximately US$81 million. Potential costs incurred from occupational injuries among smoking employees were estimated to be US$34 million. <b>Conclusions:</b> Financial costs caused by increased absenteeism and reduced productivity from employees who smoke are significant in Taiwan. Based on conservative estimates, total costs attributed to smoking in the workforce were approximately US$1032 million.
BUCHAREST
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dementia
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Patient Page is a public service of JAMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA suggests that you consult your physician.This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients.To purchase bulk reprints, call 312/464-0776.
A puzzling case of giardiasis
Authors: T. F. Paine
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal