tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Promoting Primary Care: Where to Start?
Authors: Robert D. Gillette
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Stimmel's<sup>1</sup>otherwise excellent Special Communication on primary care perpetuates the myth that the professional demands on primary physicians are inevitably more burdensome and their life-styles necessarily less desirable than those of other specialists. It is true that there is little need for night and weekend services in such limited fields as dermatology and pathology and that emergency physicians provide around-the-clock service by working in shifts. However, patients in most clinical specialties may require care at any hour of the day or night, and off-hours care is typically provided by residents, salaried hospital-based physicians, and members of physician groups taking call in rotation. These strategies are equally available to family physicians and other primary care specialists. It is also untrue that primary physicians typically work longer hours than their colleagues in other disciplines. Available data indicate that the former fall in the middle of the range of
Update: Multistate Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infections from Hamburgers— Western United States, 1992-1993
Journal: JAMA (1993)

From November 15, 1992, through February 28, 1993, more than 500 laboratory-confirmed infections with E. coli O157:H7 and four associated deaths occurred in four states--Washington, Idaho, California, and Nevada. This report summarizes the findings from an ongoing investigation that identified a multistate outbreak resulting from consumption of hamburgers from one restaurant chain.
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

LiverDiagnostic MethodsThe relative diagnostic value of liver scanning with the use of radioactive gold (98Au) has been assessed by Smith and Williams.173 In 296 patients a definite diagnosis was made after the scan. The scan missed 9.1 per cent of all lesions, and made a false-positive diagnosis in 13.5 per cent. The authors believe that the scan may be better than bromsulfalein determinations for diffuse lesions, and the alkaline phosphatase more accurate than the scan for space-occupying lesions. Gutierrez et al.174 has reported that liver scanning predicted metastasis correctly in 72 per cent of cases. Krippaehne175 has . . .
Abstract 17262: MicroRNA-23b Mediated Inhibition of Gsk-3β and Nischarin Promotes Proliferation of Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Jeffrey S Crocker, Raghav Pandey, Rafeeq P Ahmed
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Promoting proliferation of cardiomyocytes (CMs) following myocardial infarction is a promising approach for cardiac regeneration. Recent studies from our lab identified a panel of microRNAs inducing proliferation of adult CMs; of these miR-23b was one of the most robust CM proliferation-inducing miR and is conserved across species. In silico analysis identified binding sites for miR-23b on the 3’UTRs of both GSK-3β (GSK) and nischarin (NISCH). Here, we hypothesize that miR-23b promotes both in vitro and in vivo proliferation of CMs by regulating the expression of cell cycle inhibitors GSK and NISCH. Methods and Results: Adult CMs isolated from 8-12 week old female rats were transfected with hsa-miR-23b, cel-miR-67 (control), siGSK, siNISCH, siGSK + siNISCH (si=siRNA). EdU was added (5 μM) each day post-transfection and cells were fixed on day 6 for IF staining (Troponin-I, EdU, pH3, and DAPI), protein, and RNA analysis. A significant increase in EdU+ CMs was found in cells transfected with miR-23b (8.51%±0.78), siGSK (8.30%±1.31) and siNISCH (5.73%±1.52) when compared to control miR cel-67 (3.13%±0.84). Interestingly, simultaneous inhibition of both GSK and NISCH exhibited robust proliferation (13.88%±1.15) similar to miR-23b transfection. Luciferase assay confirmed binding sites for miR-23b on the 3’UTR of GSK with a 0.85±0.04 fold reduction of chemiluminescent activity. Compared to control, western blotting following miR-23b transfection revealed an increase in pERK (2.46±0.69 fold), a decrease in GSK (0.18±0.12 fold), and an increase in β-catenin (4.17±2.03 fold), indicating miR-23b mediated inhibition of GSK and subsequent increase in β-catenin. For in vivo analysis, 6 day old Fischer rats received intraperitoneal adenoviral miR-23b (10^11 viral particles) followed by EdU injections on alternate days. On day 6, rats were sacrificed, and the hearts were fixed/sectioned for IF staining. Rats injected with miR-23b expressed higher levels of EdU (2.42±0.46 fold), and decreased fold of GSK (0.32±0.10) and NISCH (0.29±0.17) compared to control as confirmed via IHC staining. Conclusion: MiR-23b promotes proliferation of CMs by simultaneous inhibition of both GSK and NISCH and upregulation of downstream targets pERK and β-catenin.
About the Cover...
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita by mutation analysis of the DAX1 gene
Authors: W. Guo
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To develop a rapid diagnostic approach to individuals with the X-linked cytomegalic form of adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) due to mutations in<i>DAX1</i>, a new member of the nuclear hormone receptor gene superfamily. <h3>Design.</h3> —Molecular genetic diagnostic investigations of individuals with AHC and their relatives included polymerase chain reaction amplification of<i>DAX1</i>for identification of intragenic mutations and fluorescence in situ hybridization with a cosmid containing the<i>DAX1</i>gene for evaluation of larger deletions. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Families that had males affected with AHC were evaluated for mutations involving the<i>DAX1</i>gene. <h3>Results.</h3> —<i>DAX1</i>mutations were identified in four families that had males affected with AHC. Two apparently independent pedigrees had an identical frame-shift mutation due to a single base pair deletion, and a third had a larger deletion involving the entire<i>DAX1</i>locus. The fourth family was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization for prenatal diagnosis, and both the<i>DAX1</i>locus and the contiguous glycerol kinase region were deleted. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Molecular genetic and molecular cytogenetic techniques represent rapid and complementary approaches to the diagnosis of mutations in the<i>DAX1</i>gene responsible for AHC and the associated HH. Specific diagnosis of the cause of adrenal insufficiency in these boys permits anticipatory management of the HH and prenatal counseling for parents of the affected child and other members of their families. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:324-330)
Corrigendum to: Ilk conditional deletion in adult animals increases cyclic GMP-dependent vasorelaxation
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

[Cardiovasc Res 2013; 99 (3):535–544] The authors wish to acknowledge the following funding information which was omitted from the above article: This work was supported by Health Institute Carlos III (PI1000612) cofunded with FEDER funds. The authors apologise for this omission.
Pancreas cancer: Influence of gender and other demographic and clinical parameters on survival.
Authors: Patricia Renee Blank, Thomas D. Szucs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

200 Background: Research suggests that lower excess mortality risk for females compared to men do exist for several cancer types. The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether gender affects pancreas cancer (PC) prognosis. In addition, the relationship of gender and survival adjusted for clinical and demographic factors was assessed. Methods: The SEER database (version 1973-2009) was used to identify patients with primary histological confirmed PC (≥18 years, 80,689 males and 82,356 females) in the United States. The analysis was stratified by five different stages according to the categories of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (in situ, locally invasive, regional, distant, unstaged). The crude effect of gender was assessed in the total sample and in age-stratified Kaplan-Meier Curves (&lt;55 years) in all five stages, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were run within the local stage at diagnosis. The predictors included in the models were demographic and clinical factors based on a prior clinical and scientific knowledge. Two-sided p-values of 0.05 were assumed as statistical significant. Results: In total, 128,645 PC-related deaths were reported with a median follow-up time of 13 months (censored patients). Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significant difference in survival among men and female in the locally invasive group (median survival in male and female: 7 months; 1-year survival: 35.5% and 35.1% among female and men, respectively; Log-Rank: p=0.0072). The remaining strata had non-significant differences (p= &lt;.0001), except the unstaged group. The local recurrence group had a 5.6% (95%CI: 1.4%, 9.9%, p=0.0081) higher rate of dying among men compared to female. Among the population &lt;55 years, the gender difference was significant across all disease stages, except the in situ group. Histology grade, age, race, and marital status was associated with survival from PC in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The present study indicates that male patients with PC have a worse prognosis than female patients. However, these results need validation and further studies are needed in the research on the prognostic value of gender in PC survival.
Do physicians preach what they practice? A study of physicians' health habits and counseling practices
Authors: K. B. Wells
Journal: JAMA (1984)

We examined the relation of physicians' clinical specialty, personal health habits, and health-related beliefs to their practices in counseling about smoking, weight, exercise, and alcohol. We surveyed a random sample of members of a county medical society in selected specialties. Physicians with better personal health habits and more positive attitudes toward counseling counsel a broader range of patients and counsel more aggressively. Surgeons counsel less than nonsurgeons, even after controlling for differences in health-related attitudes and personal habits. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:2846-2848)
Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Dietary Fish and -3 Fatty Acid Consumption and Heart Rate Variability in US AdultsConsumption of fish and -3 fatty acid reduces risk of cardiac death, but mechanisms are not well established.Heart rate variability (HRV) predicts cardiac death and reflects specific electrophysiological pathways and influences.To elucidate electrophysiological influences and support effects on clinical risk, we evaluated the associations between habitual consumption of fish and marine -3 fatty acids and HRV, assessed by both 12-lead ECG (nϭ4263) and 24-hour Holter monitoring (nϭ1152), in a population-based cohort of older US adults.After multivariable adjustment, consumption of tuna or other broiled/baked fish was associated with specific HRV components, including indices suggestive of greater vagal predominance and moderated baroreceptor responses (eg, higher root mean square successive differences of normal-to-normal intervals, higher normalized high-frequency power, and lower low-frequency/highfrequency ratio) and less erratic sinoatrial node firing (eg, lower Poincaré ratio and higher short-term fractal scaling exponent).Findings were similar for estimated dietary consumption of marine -3 fatty acids.For the magnitudes of the observed differences in HRV comparing the highest with the lowest category of fish intake, the differences in relative risk of coronary heart disease death during 10.8 years of follow-up ranged from 1.1% lower risk for the difference in standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals to 5.9% and 8.4% lower risk for the differences in the Poincaré ratio and short-term fractal scaling exponent, respectively.Thus, habitual consumption of tuna/other fish and marine -3 fatty acid are associated with specific and clinically relevant differences in HRV in older adults, including indices of more favorable vagal activity, baroreceptor responses, and sinoatrial node function.Cellular mechanisms and implications for clinical risk deserve further investigation.See p 1130.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Plasma Levels in Michigan and Wisconsin Dairy Farmers
Authors: Henry A. Anderson, Kenneth D. Rosenman, Jack Snyder
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Carcionogenic embryonic antigen (CEA) titers were determined for 611 Michigan farmers exposed to PBB and a control nonexposed population of 139 Wisconsin farmers. The overall prevalence of elevated CEA titers was slightly higher in the Michigan study group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Smoking and/or significant past or present conditions (inflammatory bowel disease, ulcers, polyps, liver disease, chronic lung disease, or malignancies) were found to result in higher prevalence of elevated CEA titers, in both the Michigan study group and the Wisconsin control group, thus confirming previous reports. In addition, serum PBB concentrations appeared to be positively correlated with CEA titers. The possibility that the effect of PBB concentrations appeared to be positively correlated with CEA titers. The possibility that the effect of PBB may be additive to that of other factors which are known to result in an increased prevalence of elevated CEA titers is discussed.
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Measurement of bone density with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Forehead Creases
Authors: Mardoqueo I. Salomon
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I am shocked that your editorial on the reading of Tea Leaves (<i>JAMA</i><b>192</b>:632 [May 17] 1965) lamentably states that today the physician does not notice the creases of the forehead. It is not true. I do not refer to the raised-forehead effect upon the glabella when the patient is presented with his bill. The absence of furrows resulting from hyperthyroidism is elementary. Those from the leonine facies of leprosy are well known in the tropics. There is the increase in depth and thickness of the skin of the forehead in Touraine-Solente syndrome, pachydermoperiostosis. This remarkable entity is renowned for its<i>cutis vorticis gyrata</i>, which is pathognomonic, sometimes provoking the Freudian eponym of scrotal forehead, when the latter is involved. Please! Tea leaves may be meat for editorialists, but forehead creases are serious medicine.
Acta Physiologica Latino-Americana, Buenos Aires
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MISCELLANY.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intraductal Carcinoma
Authors: William L. Betsill
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A follow-up period averaging 21.6 years was obtained for patients with low-grade papillary intraductal carcinoma initially treated only by biopsy between 1940 and 1950. Subsequent carcinoma was diagnosed in the same breast in seven of the ten patients after an average interval of 9.7 years. Six of the seven subsequent carcinomas were invasive. Two of the patients died of metastatic carcinoma and two were known to be alive with metastases when last contacted. Three patients were without carcinoma following mastectomy. When these results were combined with the few reports available in the literature, it appeared that at least 39% of patients with intraductal carcinoma treated by biopsy alone subsequently had clinically evident carcinoma, invariably in the same breast, with an average latent period of about ten years. This was undoubtedly a result of the multicentric nature of the disease in many patients. (<i>JAMA</i>239:1863-1867, 1978)
Uphill Falling
Authors: Daniel Spitzer
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Is there a need for additional means of recognizing myocardial necrosis?
Authors: J. T. Willerson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

One might logically question whether there is a need for additional techniques to recognize the presence of acute myocardial infarcts in patients. Traditionally, the ECG and serum measurement of cardiac enzymes have been used to detect the presence or absence of acute myocardial necrosis resulting from coronary artery disease. For recognizing acute myocardial infarcts, these techniques are adequate in many patients, providing an absolute differentiation between the presence of acute myocardial infarction and other coronary artery disease syndromes, including angina pectoris and acute myocardial ischemia. However, there are subgroups of patients who come to the hospital with chest pain, in whom it is difficult to determine with accuracy whether they have had acute myocardial infarcts when just the ECG and cardiac enzymes are used alone. In particular, patients who arrive at the hospital 16 or more hours after the onset of chest pain, those with conduction abnormalities on their ECG,