tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SERUM PROTEIN AND EDEMA
Journal: JAMA (1930)

There can no longer be any doubt of the close interrelationship between the occurrence of an abnormally low content of protein in the blood serum and the possible development of edema. The latter phenomenon may become manifest under a variety of pathologic conditions, notably when certain types of cardiovascular disorders arise and they are attended with renal disorder. The studies of recent years have demonstrated, however, that generalized edema may occur in the absence of detectable primary disease in the cardiovascular and renal systems. An illustration is afforded by the so-called malnutritional edema. This was prevalent during and just after the World War in central Europe, where people were forced to subsist largely on turnips and other root vegetables for long periods. Schittenhelm and Schlecht<sup>1</sup>studied the condition in prison camps and decided that rest and increased protein and fat in the diet relieved the edema. They estimated serum
Identification of potential salivary biomarkers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
Authors: Takeshi Murata, Maiko Takahashi, Tetsu Hayashida, Masahiro Sugimoto, Hiromitsu Jinno, Makoto Sunamura, Yuko Kitagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e22252 Background: Saliva is an easily accessible and informative biological fluid which has high potential for the early diagnosis of diseases. Saliva-based diagnostics, particularly those based on metabolomics technology, offer a promising clinical strategy by characterizing the association between salivary analytes and a particular disease. The aim of this study is to investigate potential biomarkers in human saliva to facilitate the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive metabolite analysis of saliva samples obtained from breast cancer patients (n = 90) and healthy controls (n = 20), using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (CE-TOF-MS). Statistical analyses were performed by using a nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test, multiple logistic regression and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) to evaluate the predictive power of biomarkers. Results: The median age was 61 years (range, 26-81 years) for breast cancer patients and 29 years (range, 22-50 years) for healthy controls. Of all breast cancer patients, 74 patients had invasive ductal carcinoma, 14 had ductal carcinoma in situ and 3 had invasive lobular carcinoma. Fourteen patients were clinical stage 0, 43 were stage I, 28 were stage II, 4 were stage III, and one patient was stage IV. Before collecting salivary sample, 21 patients received chemotherapy, 30 received endocrine therapy, and 3 received excisional biopsy. After removing the concomitantly observed peaks and noise peaks, totally 205 peaks derived from the metabolites were observed. Among these peaks, some potential salivary biomarkers demonstrated significantly higher concentrations in breast cancer patients comparing with healthy individuals (p < 0.05). Especially, salivary biomarkers obtained from patients with IDC before neoadjuvant treatments tended to be higher concentrations than those obtained after treatment. Of these, five metabolites (Choline, Isethionate, Cadavarine, N1-Acetylspermidine, and Spermine) showed high the area under the ROC curves (AUCs) values; 0.850, 0.819, 0.809, 0.765, and 0.716, respectively. Conclusions: Salivary metabolites are promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
SIDELIGHTS ON GASTRIC ACIDITY
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Patient-Reported Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Adverse Eff ects 445When evaluating the toxicity of a therapy, patients and their physicians may have diff erent views on the severity of adverse eff ects.Patient-reported outcomes are becoming an increasingly important component of the assessment of new therapies.Montemurro and colleagues conducted a study of 604 women, across 11 sites, comparing patient vs physician estimation of chemotherapy-related adverse eff ects.The frequency and severity of toxic eff ects were consistently greater in the patient reports as compared with the physicians'.This study underscores the need for patient-reported outcomes to be incorporated in drug development.Basch provides an Editorial.
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Nicole T. Shen, Robert S. Brown, Norihiro Imai, Tibor I. Krisko, Michele Alves‐Bezerra, Hayley T. Nicholls, Tasha B Kulai, Robert E. Schwartz, Zaid H. Tafesh, Arun Jesudian, Russell Rosenblatt, Brett E. Fortune, Joseph F. Pisa, Omar Mousa, Harmeet Malhi, Vikas Gupta
Journal: Hepatology (2018)
Breakthrough
Authors: Charles William McMahon
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Design of a phase II randomized, open-label trial of DN24-02, an autologous cellular immunotherapy targeting HER2/neu, in patients with surgically resected urothelial cancer at high risk of recurrence.
Authors: D. F. Bajorin, P. Sharma, R. B. Sims, A. Sandler, S. P. Lerner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

TPS187 Background: Despite surgical resection and the use of neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, up to 50% of patients with invasive urothelial carcinoma experience disease recurrence and eventually die of metastatic disease. New therapeutic approaches are needed for these patients. Approximately 50% of patients with pathologic high risk features have evidence of HER2 expression on the primary tumor or involved lymph nodes. DN24-02 is an autologous cellular immunotherapy targeting HER2, and is based on the same platform as sipuleucel-T, which was approved by FDA in 2010 for treatment of men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer. Each dose of DN24-02 is manufactured by culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained by leukapheresis with the recombinant antigen BA7072, which comprises components of the intra- and extracellular domains of the HER2 antigen linked to GM-CSF. A product similar to DN24-02 has demonstrated evidence of safety and immune response in phase I studies. The primary objective is to determine whether DN24-02 given as adjuvant therapy following surgical resection can prolong survival compared to the control group. Secondary objectives are to evaluate disease-free survival, safety, and immune responses to DN24-02. Methods: Eligible patients will have undergone surgical resection of a primary urothelial cancer, with either ≥pT2 or pN+ staging, and HER2 expression ≥ 1+ by IHC based on pathologic review. Up to 180 subjects will be randomized (1:1) to receive DN24-02 as adjuvant therapy approximately every 2 weeks, given as IV infusions 3 times, or standard of care. Stratification will include 1) neoadjuvant chemotherapy vs. surgery alone; and 2) positive (pN+) vs. negative lymph node involvement (pN0). Adjuvant chemotherapy will not be allowed. Patients can be treated per standard of care if there is disease recurrence. Patients will be monitored for evidence of disease recurrence by imaging, and will be followed for survival. Cellular and serological immune responses will be assessed at baseline and post-DN24-02 therapy.
The Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Summaries for Patients21 August 2001The Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal WomenSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-4-200108210-00005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?High blood pressure (hypertension) puts people at risk for such complications as heart attacks and strokes. High blood pressure becomes more common as people age; after menopause, it becomes even more common in women than it does in men of the same age. One theory is that the increase in blood pressure in women after menopause is related to the decrease in levels of estrogen and other hormones that occur during that phase of life. It is not known, however, whether treating women with estrogen and progestin (hormone ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Hormone Replacement Therapy and Longitudinal Changes in Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women.” It is in the 21 August 2001 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 135, pages 229-238). The authors are A Scuteri, AJG Bos, LJ Brant, L Talbot, EG Lakatta, and JL Fleg.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoHormone Replacement Therapy and Longitudinal Changes in Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women Angelo Scuteri , Angelo J.G. Bos , Larry J. Brant , Laura Talbot , Edward G. Lakatta , and Jerome L. Fleg Metrics 21 August 2001Volume 135, Issue 4Page: I-31KeywordsBlood pressureEstrogensHormone replacement therapyHormonesLongitudinal studiesMenopauseMyocardial infarctionPrimary hypertensionStrokeSystolic pressure ePublished: 21 August 2001 Issue Published: 21 August 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Antithymocyte globulin hypersensitivity in bone marrow failure patients
Authors: L. Bielory
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We evaluated the predictive value of immediate epicutaneous (prick) skin testing in 36 patients receiving a heterologous protein of equine origin, antithymocyte globulin (ATG), for bone marrow failure. Three of the 36 patients had positive epicutaneous test results. Two of these three received ATG treatment; one died of anaphylaxis while the other was desensitized successfully. Intradermal skin tests revealed positive wheal-flare reactions to progressively increasing dilutions of ATG in 96% of patients tested. None of these patients suffered any anaphylactic symptoms during treatment. Nine patients who had received ATG were evaluated subsequently for the possible development of immediate epicutaneous reactions three to 12 months after treatment; one of the nine patients developed a positive epicutaneous skin test reaction. We recommend that all patients who are to be treated or re-treated with heterologous antisera should be tested using the epicutaneous technique and that patients with positive reactions should be desensitized. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:3164-3167)
Differences in quality of care for hospitalized elderly men and women
Authors: M. L. Pearson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To analyze whether important gender differences exist in the quality of hospital care provided to patients with four major medical conditions. <h3>Design.</h3> —Bivariate and multivariate comparisons of clinically detailed sickness at admission, quality, utilization, and outcome measures. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Acute care hospitals located in five states. <h3>Patients or Other Participants.</h3> —A total of 11 242 patients 65 years or older who were hospitalized with one of four diseases: congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, and cerebrovascular accident. We derived our data from the nationally representative sample used to study the quality of hospital care for Medicare patients before and after the implementation of the prospective payment system. A hierarchical (nested) cluster sampling design was used to draw disease-specific samples of patients hospitalized in 1981, 1982, 1985, or 1986 in one of 297 hospitals located in 30 areas within five states. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —This was an observational study. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Sickness at admission, process, use rates, length of stay, discharge status, discharge destination, and mortality. <h3>Results.</h3> —Sex differences in sickness at admission varied by disease. There was some evidence that women received worse process of care, but the difference was very small. We found many similarities in the process and outcomes of care for male and female patients. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —After controlling for sickness at admission, age, and other important covariates, the in-hospital experiences of elderly men and women showed greater similarities than differences. The concern that sex bias enters into clinical decision making during hospitalization is eased, although not entirely eliminated. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:1883-1889)
Liver biopsy in hemophilic patients with chronic HCV infection . Hospital de Cl�nicas, University of Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Hematol�gicas Mariano R. Castex, Academia Nacional de Medicina. Buenos Aires, Argentina
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic utility in determining the risk of AIDS progression in HIV-1-infected asymptomatic hemophiliacs byin vitroimmunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis. With this aim, a cohort of 28 HIV-1-seropositive hemophiliacs were studied. All showed the number of CD4 lymphocytes higher than 400 positive cells/mm3. In all cases the spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen-inducedin vitroproduction of Ig by peripheral blood lymphocytes was evaluated at the beginning of the study and the ratio stimulated/spontaneous (Stim/Spon) synthesis was calculated. At the same time, the absolute CD8+cell count, IgA serum immunoglobulin, p24 HIV-1 antigenemia, and β2microglobulin were calculated. These data were monitored during the 4-year follow-up of patients and compared with the stimulated/spontaneous Ig synthesis ratio to evaluate the predictive significance on the progression of HIV infection. According to the stimulated/spontaneous Ig synthesis ratio, hemophilic patients were separated into two categories. Group I included 12 subjects with a Stim/Spon ratio higher than 2 (the lowest value of normal controls) and group II included 16 cases with a ratio lower than 2. As control, in 36 HIV-1-negative hemophiliac individuals the stimulated/spontaneous Ig ratio ranged between 2 and 42; mean ± SEM, 12.9 ± 1.8. At the end of the 4-year follow-up, group I patients showed a CD4 count and clinical staging consistent with those of the first evaluation; in contrast group II demonstrated a significant decrease in CD4 lymphocytes and deterioration of clinical conditions. Our results show that a low Stim/Spon Ig ratio when the CD4 lymphocyte count was still normal appears to predict the depletion of this lymphoid subset and progression to AIDS before T CD8, IgA immunoglobulin, p24 HIV-1 antigenemia, and β2microglobulin abnormalities. In this setting, the stimulated/spontaneous Ig ratio may represent a useful tool for clinical decisions in HIV-1-infected hemophiliacs.
Occupational dermatitis associated with straw itch mites (Pyemotes ventricosus)
Authors: T. G. Betz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A 1981 outbreak of dermatitis in Austin, Tex, was traced to occupational exposure to wheat infested with the straw itch mite,<i>Pyemotes ventricosus</i>; the wheat was being sold for decorative purposes by an imported-goods store located on the second floor of a large, modern, shopping mall complex. In addition to an extensive varicelliform skin eruption, one employee also had chills, fever, malaise, diarrhea, and anorexia associated with her exposure to these mites. The straw itch mite has been associated with several large epidemics of dermatitis during the 19th and 20th centuries. This outbreak is the third reported in Texas since 1961. Physicians should consider the possibility of straw itch mite infestations of products brought into the home or places of employment when they observe patients with a varicelliform or chigger-bite-like dermatitis, which may be accompanied by constitutional symptoms. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2821-2823)
Abnormal chromosome repair and risk of developing cancer.
Authors: W W Au
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Several scientists have proposed that DNA repair deficiencies and the induction of a mutator phenotype are responsible for the generation of multiple mutagenic alterations in cancer cells. I propose that exposure to environmental carcinogens can induce DNA lesions, elicit infidelity of DNA repair, and cause the instability phenomenon and the subsequent consequences. Using cell lines derived from mammary glands of irradiated mice, my laboratory conducted sequential studies to document genetic events leading to the development of malignant cells in vitro. We found that aneuploidy and extensive chromosome breaks and rearrangements occurred early. This is followed by inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene, amplification of the myc oncogene, and expression of the tumorigenic phenotype. Our observation of chromosome instability at the early phase of transformation is consistent with the mutator phenotype. We suggest that a cause of the instability is infidelity of DNA repair, and we have developed a challenge assay to elucidate this phenomenon. In this assay, cells are challenged to repair radiation-induced DNA lesions. In one of our studies, lymphocytes from cigarette smokers and nonsmokers were exposed to gamma rays in vitro. Cells from smokers had significantly more rearranged chromosomes than cells from nonsmokers after the challenge. These data suggest that smokers have infidelity of DNA repair and that this repair problem is a cause of health effects in smokers. In an in vitro study, lymphocytes were exposed to mitomycin C or to nickel acetate and then irradiated with gamma rays. Significantly increased frequencies of rearranged chromosomes were detected with low doses of mitomycin C and nickel, which do not cause chromosome damage by themselves.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Influenza Vaccine for 2019-2020
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physician's Handbook of Community Resources in Metropolitan Boston Together with Certain Legal Responsibilities.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

This little pamphlet is similar in purpose and scope to the Medical Blue Book of Wisconsin, published by the State Medical Society of Wisconsin in 1929, and the Medicolegal Digest, 1931-1932. published by the Colorado State Medical Society. It should prove valuable not only to physicians practicing in Metropolitan Boston, for whose use primarily it has been prepared, but to all physicians practicing in the commonwealth of Massachusetts. The information it contains relating to registration for the practice of medicine, to reporting diseases, accidents, births and deaths, to prescribing, administering and dispensing narcotic drugs and alcoholic liquors, to possessing and using hypodermic instruments, and to industrial injuries and occupational diseases is as applicable elsewhere in the commonwealth as it is in the metropolitan area. To physicians practicing in Metropolitan Boston there is much of interest and value in the information concerning special diagnostic and therapeutic facilities available there, the convalescent