tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Paediatric research should take centre stage
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (2004)

Last week, UK Health Minister Lord Warner announced a new initiative to encourage the development of more medicines designed specifically for use in children. "Off-label" use is common in paediatrics, which can mean that drugs have not been tested at all in children or in a particular age group, or are given by an unlicensed route, for an unlicensed indication, or at an unlicensed dose. As Patrina Caldwell and colleagues explain, conducting clinical trials in children is difficult for many reasons and requires specific expertise and extraordinary commitment by all those involved.
Centrolobular liver fibrosis in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit
Authors: N Buyssens
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

During a study on the development of atheromatous lesions in rabbits fed a diet with a low or high cholesterol supplement, we found a moderate to pronounced centrolobular liver fibrosis. This fibrosis developed in three stages. Early after supplementation of cholesterol, we observed increased immunoreactivity of collagen types I, III, and IV, and fibronectin, around central veins and in adjacent sinusoids. In the second stage, we observed further increase of collagen and fibronectin immunoreactivity, together with the appearance of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SM actin)-positive cells and anti-rabbit macrophage monoclonal antibody (RAM 11)-positive cells. In the third stage, we observed large numbers of α-SM actin-positive cells, together with heavy deposition of connective tissue proteins in pericentral sinusoids, in addition to focal atrophy of parenchymal cells. By transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fat-storing cells in the pericentral regions were shown to be enlarged, to lose their lipid-droplets, and to acquire dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum corresponding to an activated phenotype. Parenchymal cells were either normal or contained numerous small lipid-droplets. They sometimes were smaller and distorted. Northern hybridization performed on total RNA of whole liver showed an increased level of collagen α1(I), α1(III), and α1(IV) messenger RNA (mRNA) after 24 weeks of low dietary cholesterol supplementation. These data show enhanced expression of extracellular matrix proteins. We conclude that cholesterol overload induces pericentral liver fibrosis in rabbits. The diet clearly activates fat-storing cells to become fibrogenic effector cells. At present, we have no explanation why hypercholesterolemia induces phenotypic transition of fat-storing cells.
Central Neural Integration for the Control of Autonomic Responses Associated with Emotion
Authors: O. Smith
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1984)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Quality Improvement Strategies for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sarah L. Krein, Sandeep Vijan, Hae Mi Choe, Rodney A. Hayward
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Promotion of hepatic preneoplastic lesions in male B6C3F1 mice by unleaded gasoline.
Authors: A M Standeven, D C Wolf, T L Goldsworthy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

In previous studies, unleaded gasoline (UG) vapor was found to be a liver tumor promoter and hepatocarcinogen in female mice, but UG was not a hepatocarcinogen in male mice. However, UG vapor had similar transient mitogenic effects in nonlesioned liver of both male and female mice under the conditions of the cancer bioassay. We used an initiation-promotion protocol to determine whether UG vapor acts as a liver tumor promoter in male mice and to examine proliferative effects that may be critical to tumor development. Twelve-day-old male B6C3F1 mice were injected with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN; 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or vehicle. Starting at 5-7 weeks of age, mice were exposed by inhalation 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 16 weeks to 0 or 2046 ppm of PS-6 blend UG. UG treatment caused a significant 2.3-fold increase in the number of macroscopic hepatic masses in DEN-initiated mice, whereas no macroscopic masses were observed in non-initiated mice. Altered hepatic foci (AHF), which were predominantly basophilic in phenotype, were found almost exclusively in DEN-initiated mice. UG treatment significantly increased both the mean volume (threefold) and the volume fraction (twofold) of the AHF without increasing the number of AHF per unit area. UG also induced hepatic pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (PROD) activity, a marker of CYP2B, by more than 12-fold over control with or without DEN cotreatment. To study hepatocyte proliferative effects of UG, we treated mice with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) via osmotic pump for 3 days before necropsy and measured hepatocyte BrdU labeling index (LI) in AHF and nonlesioned liver.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
APACHE Scores
Authors: Jonathan D. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Escarce and Kelley's study on the limitations of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores at predicting hospital death lead time at time of medical intensive care unit (MICU) entry fails to state an important point that might modify the replication study they call for. Why not calculate an adjusted APACHE score, retrospectively using hospital admission physiology data? This should be readily available in patients' charts at time of transfer and should control for much of the lead-time therapy, allowing explanation of any selection effects that would muddle analysis of the utility of the APACHE system.
THE RETIREMENT OF GOVERNOR GAGE.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Arteriosclerosis obliterans. Manner and rate of progression
Authors: D. E. Strandness
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The manner and rate of progression of atherosclerosis was evaluated in 60 patients (99 limbs) with occlusive disease and 18 patients (36 limbs) with abdominal aortic aneurysms. The measurement of segmental limb pressure gradients was utilized in evaluating disease progression. Progression of disease during the average three-year follow-up occurred in 34 (43%) of the limbs that had occlusive disease at the outset. When patients rather than limbs are considered, 31 (52%) had progression of disease. Of the 31 patients, 12 were unaware progression had occurred. Of 19 limbs without occlusion at the outset of the study, nine developed a major artery obstruction. Ten of the 12 patients with diabetes mellitus exhibited progression of disease. Four of the 18 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm had coexisting arterial obstruction with disease progression occurring in six patients.
Incorrect Wording
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Studies on in Vitro Chrysotile-Pleural Mesothelial Cell Interaction: Morphological Aspects and Metabolism of Benzo-3,4-pyrene
Authors: M. C. Jaurand, I. Bastie-Sigeac, L. Magne, M. Hubert-Habart, J. Bignon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Cultures of rat pleural mesothelial cells (PMC) were exposed to nonlethal doses of UICC chrysotile A. The morphology was studied by optical and electron microscopy. The consequences of chrysotile ingestion on the rate of pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase (HPR) metabolism and benzo-3-4-pyrene (BP) were studied. Nonlethal doses of chrysotile (5 micrograms/mL) induced a time-dependent vacuolation of PMC; a dose-dependent inhibition of the vacuolation was observed when PMC were pretreated with DMSO. The origin of the vacuoles is not clear, but some features of autophagy and lysosomal storage were observed. Chrysotile fibers did not modify the rate of pinocytosis of HRP. Similarly, the metabolism of BP was unchanged when BP and chrysotile were both added to the culture medium or when PMC were preincubated with the fibers 24 hr prior to the addition of BP.
Deaths and Obituaries.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
How Large Employers Are Shaping the Health Care Marketplace
Authors: T Bodenheimer, K Sullivan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Part 1 of this article described three cost-saving health care strategies embraced by large employers: channeling employees into managed-care plans, increasing the negotiating power of employers by aggregating them into regional purchasing coalitions, and contracting directly with health care providers, thereby reducing or eliminating the role of managed-care insurers. We explored the first and second strategies in part 1 and began a discussion of direct contracting through a description of the Buyers Health Care Action Group (BHCAG) in Minnesota's Twin Cities. We begin part 2 with an evaluation of Choice Plus, the BHCAG program in which employers bypass managed-care plans . . .
Cardiac Emergencies
Authors: Robert J. Henning
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death today in the United States. Recognizing this problem, Dr Dean Mason and colleagues have compiled current information on the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of the primary cardiovascular emergencies encountered by the practicing physician. The proper techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the therapy of acute heart block are carefully described. The signs and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction are differentiated from dissecting thoracic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, and thoracic chest wall pain. Experience with the pharmacologic manipulation of preload, afterload, and contractility, as well as the use of mechanical cardiac assist devices in the treatment of congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock, are thoroughly reported. An excellent chapter discusses the pathophysiology of acute pulmonary edema, which commonly follows notable elevation of pulmonary capillary pressure, but which may also occur with fluid overload, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary aspiration, narcotic overdose, and diffuse capillary leakage. The evaluation
From the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment
Authors: E. J. Power
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Confronting the rarest AIDS infection, a young man makes a cry from the heart
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A NEW FEATURE OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCY
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of cancer pain with orally administered medications
Authors: C. G. Moertel
Journal: JAMA (1980)

RELIEF of pain is the salient and most overriding responsibility of the physician caring for the patient with incurable cancer. Although inevitability of death can be emotionally accepted by most patients and their families, they will not accept the prospect of death in pain, nor should they. The single most reassuring action of the physician as he assumes the care of a patient with advanced cancer is the promise that the patient will not be allowed to suffer unbearable pain. This is a promise that can be kept through the skillful and knowledgeable use of tools readily available to us. Before selecting nonspecific pain management, other therapeutic alternatives should be weighed. These could include palliative resection of primary or metastatic neoplasm when pain-producing lesions are amenable to surgical removal or bypass and when the anticipated longevity of the patient indicates that a reasonable period of palliation can be anticipated. Radiation
Viral Cystitis
Authors: Calvin M. Kunin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

One of the pleasures of an active medical career is the opportunity to observe discoveries that explain the pathogenesis of diseases of obscure origin. Some of the perplexing problems that remain unsolved in the field of genitourinary disease include nonspecific urethritis and prostatosis in males and the so-called trigonitis syndrome in females. In addition, the cause of some forms of nonstreptococcal glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis remains elusive, although evidence for a viral origin is quite suggestive.1 , 2 Thus, it is pleasing to see in the current issue a report such as that of Numazaki et al., which offers strong evidence that . . .
Media, patient confidentiality: compatible?
Authors: V. S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1985)

When William C. DeVries, MD, first proposed putting an artificial heart in a human in 1981, he was—in his own words—"stunned" when a surgeon he greatly admired called it (in print) a ridiculous idea that should never be done. Four years and four patients later, DeVries has been simultaneously hailed as a medical pioneer and castigated for conducting research in a "circuslike" atmosphere. In a recent interview with<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS, DeVries talked about his views on the release of medical information through the nonmedical press, how widespread publicity may affect the outcome of a medical experiment, and whether such publicity breaches the traditional confidentiality of the patient-physician relationship. In a recent speech to newspaper editors in Washington, DC, DeVries had said: "Many doctors maintain a steadfast refusal to talk with the [news] media about individual cases because they are convinced it invades the sanctity of the doctor-patient relationship. They
Hispanic/Latino health issues explored
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1993)

SHEER NUMBERS compel interest. At the recent Midwest Regional Meeting on Hispanic/Latino Health, held in Chicago, Ill—part of the Surgeon General's National Hispanic/Latino Health Initiative that Antonia C. Novello, MD, MPH (Surgeon General of the US Public Health Service), introduced with a workshop in Washington, DC, last September—the ever-increasing presence of people of Hispanic descent in American society was a major theme. Today there are 22 million such persons in the United States, two thirds of them born here. By the year 2000 there will be 31 million, and by 2050 the projected figure is 96 million. Hispanics are the single largest and also the youngest ethnic minority in the country (their number has grown 50% in the last decade and one third are 18 to 24 years of age), they have the highest fertility rate and largest families, and lack of adequate health care is but one of their
The Fibrinolytic System in Amniotic Fluid Embolism
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal