tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessing Elemental Mercury Vapor Exposure from Cultural and Religious Practices
Authors: Donna M. Riley, C. Alison Newby, Tomas O. Leal-Almeraz, Valerie M. Thomas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Use of elemental mercury in certain cultural and religious practices can cause high exposures to mercury vapor. Uses include sprinkling mercury on the floor of a home or car, burning it in a candle, and mixing it with perfume. Some uses can produce indoor air mercury concentrations one or two orders of magnitude above occupational exposure limits. Exposures resulting from other uses, such as infrequent use of a small bead of mercury, could be well below currently recognized risk levels. Metallic mercury is available at almost all of the 15 botanicas visited in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, but botanica personnel often deny having mercury for sale when approached by outsiders to these religious and cultural traditions. Actions by public health authorities have driven the mercury trade underground in some locations. Interviews indicate that mercury users are aware that mercury is hazardous, but are not aware of the inhalation exposure risk. We argue against a crackdown by health authorities because it could drive the practices further underground, because high-risk practices may be rare, and because uninformed government intervention could have unfortunate political and civic side effects for some Caribbean and Latin American immigrant groups. We recommend an outreach and education program involving religious and community leaders, botanica personnel, and other mercury users.
From the Surgeon General, US Public Health Service
Authors: A. C. Novello
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quantifying cerebral blood flow: regional regulation with global implications
Authors: S. A. Small
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

In 1948, Seymour S. Kety and Carl F. Schmidt published back-to-back papers in the JCI that are widely acknowledged as landmarks. Upon publication, the studies resolved a century-old debate, irrefutably demonstrating that cerebral blood flow is regionally regulated. The reported findings turned out to be so powerful in their implications that they provided the inspirational spark that illuminated a brand-new field: functional brain imaging. Thus these papers are landmarks of the rarest kind, not only ending a controversy, but also giving birth to one of the most exciting fields within modern day neuroscience.
Correction: The First-week Proliferative Response of Peripheral Blood PD-1+CD8+ T Cells Predicts the Response to Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Solid Tumors
Authors: Kyung Hwan Kim, Jinhyun Cho, Bo Mi Ku, Jiae Koh, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Jaekyung Cheon, Young Joo Min, Su-Hyung Park, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn, Eui-Cheol Shin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2020)

In the original version of this article (1), Fig. 3A contained incorrect flow cytometry plots. The figure has been corrected in the latest online HTML and PDF versions of the article. The authors regret the error.
index to advertisers
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Year-book of Treatment for 1897.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pharyngeal and oesophageal dysmotility and dysfunction in patients with chronic cough: assessment by high-resolution manometry
Authors: R. Vardar, R. Sweis, A. Anggiansah, T. Wong, M. Fox
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) of gastric contents is a cause of chronic cough; however the pathophysiology of this disease remains unclear. Conventional manometry has insufficient spatial resolution for the functional assessment of the pharynx, upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) and coordination between the proximal and distal oesophageal contractions that clear refluxate from the laryngopharynx and proximal oesophagus. This study applied high resolution manometry (HRM) in patients with chronic cough with and without association to reflux events. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients referred for investigation of chronic cough in 2009 were reviewed. Patients with hiatus hernia, severe co-morbidity and previous oeosphageal surgery were excluded. Of 66 patients referred, 34 (52%) (21 F:13 M) were eligible. HRM (ManoScan 360, Sierra) with detailed analysis (ManoView 2.0, Sierra) of 10 water swallows was performed followed by 24-h ambulatory pH-monitoring. Of this group 21 patients had negative reflux-cough symptom association probability (SAP; group A) and 13 had positive SAP (group B). Results from 23 healthy controls were available for comparison. A secondary analysis to assess the association of gastro-oeosphageal reflux (GOR) disease and motility was performed. <h3>Results</h3> Mean patient age was 55±15 (19–77). Mean acid exposure time was similar in group A and B (4.9±6.5 vs 3.7±4.0; p=0.34) and a similar proportion had pathologic reflux &gt;4.2% acid exposure/24 h (7/21, 4/13; p=0.198). Moreover there was no significant interaction between the presence of GOR on pH-monitoring and any measurement of pharyngeal or oesophageal motility in this population. There was no significant differences for baseline UOS pressure; however residual UOS intrabolus pressure on 5 ml water swallows was higher in group A and B than controls (−0.34±0.69 and 1.09±0.64 mm Hg vs −4.4±5.8 mm Hg; p&lt;0.018 and p&lt;0.005 respectively). The percentage of primary peristaltic contractions was lower in group B with reflux associated cough than groups A and C (56% vs 79% and 87%; p=0.03 and p&lt;0.002 respectively). Other motility parameters including pharyngeal contraction, peristaltic coordination and LOS function were similar in all groups. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Detailed analysis of swallowing and oesophageal motility by HRM revealed changes to UOS and oesophageal function that impair clearance from the pharynx and oesophagus in patients with cough compared to healthy controls. These changes were most marked in patients in whom cough was associated to reflux events. These findings suggest that not only GOR but also impaired clearance of luminal contents from the pharynx and proximal oesophagus contribute to chronic cough.
Metabolic Contrasts Between Youth and Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance or Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: I. Observations Using the Hyperglycemic Clamp
Authors: David A. Ehrmann, Karla A. Temple, Abby Rue, Elena Barengolts, Babak Mokhlesi, Eve Van Cauter, Susan Sam, M. Annette Miller, Steven E. Kahn, Karen M. Atkinson, Jerry P. Palmer, Kristina M. Utzschneider, Tsige Gebremedhin, Abigail Kernan-Schloss, Alexandra Kozedub, Brenda K. Montgomery, Emily J. Morse, Kieren J. Mather, Tammy Garrett, Tamara S. Hannon, Amale Lteif, Aniket Patel, Robin Chisholm, Karen Moore, Vivian Pirics, Linda Pratt, Kristen J. Nadeau, Susan Gross, Philip S. Zeitler, Jayne Williams, Melanie Cree-Green, Yesenia Garcia Reyes, Krista Vissat, Silva A. Arslanian, Kathleen Brown, Nancy Guerra, Kristin Porter, Sonia Caprio, Mary Savoye, Bridget Pierpont, Thomas A. Buchanan, Anny H. Xiang, Enrique Trigo, Elizabeth Beale, Fadi N. Hendee, Namir Katkhouda, Krishan Nayak, Mayra Martinez, Cortney Montgomery, Xinhui Wang, Sharon L. Edelstein, John M. Lachin, Ashley N. Hogan, Santica Marcovina, Jessica Harting, John Albers, Dave Hill, Peter J. Savage, Ellen W. Leschek
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

OBJECTIVE To compare insulin sensitivity (M/I) and β-cell responses in youth versus adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or drug-naïve, recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 66 youth (80.3% with IGT) and 355 adults (70.7% IGT), hyperglycemic clamps were used to measure 1) M/I, 2) acute (0–10 min [first phase]) C-peptide (ACPRg) and insulin (AIRg) responses to glucose, 3) steady-state C-peptide and insulin concentrations at plasma glucose of 11.1 mmol/L, and 4) arginine-stimulated maximum C-peptide (ACPRmax) and insulin (AIRmax) responses at plasma glucose &amp;gt;25 mmol/L. The fasting C-peptide–to–insulin ratio was used as an estimate of insulin clearance. RESULTS Insulin sensitivity was 46% lower in youth compared with adults (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and youth had greater acute and steady-state C-peptide (2.3- and 1.3-fold, respectively; each P &amp;lt; 0.001) and insulin responses to glucose (AIRg 3.0-fold and steady state 2.2-fold; each P &amp;lt; 0.001). Arginine-stimulated C-peptide and insulin responses were also greater in youth (1.6- and 1.7-fold, respectively; each P &amp;lt; 0.001). After adjustment for insulin sensitivity, all β-cell responses remained significantly greater in youth. Insulin clearance was reduced in youth (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Participants with diabetes had greater insulin sensitivity (P = 0.026), with lesser C-peptide and insulin responses than those with IGT (all P &amp;lt; 0.001) but similar insulin clearance (P = 0.109). CONCLUSIONS In people with IGT or recently diagnosed diabetes, youth have lower insulin sensitivity, hyperresponsive β-cells, and reduced insulin clearance compared with adults. Whether these age-related differences contribute to declining β-cell function and/or impact responses to glucose-lowering interventions remains to be determined.
Gonorrheal Pharyngitis
Authors: Nicholas J. Fiumara, Henry M. Wise, Moshe Many
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

BOSTONGONORRHEA has the distinction of being not only the most prevalent of the 5 venereal diseases but also the oldest. Descriptions of the disease may be found in the fifteenth chapter of the Book of Leviticus (about 1500 B.C.). Gonorrhea was known to Hippocrates (400 B.C.), who called it "strangury," but it was Galen (130 A.D.), the Greek physician practicing in Rome, who called it gonorrhea.Gonorrhea, prevalent in Europe during the fifteenth century, was brought to America by Columbus's crew, who cohabited with the brown maidens of Hispaniola. These sailors in return were infected with the "Indian measles," . . .
The QT Interval And Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: B Surawicz
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1987)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
Tumbling Bullets
Authors: William Q. Sturner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article "The Sign of the Tumbling Bullet Revisited" (222:190, 1972) prompts the report of a similar case. A 33-year-old man entered the hospital with bullet wounds of the right wrist and abdomen. There were no exit sites noted. X-ray films of the chest, abdomen, neck, and head were negative for the trunk projectile. Immediate surgery disclosed passage of the wound track through the liver and into the inferior vena cava. Ligation of this vessel was performed, and during attempted removal of the damaged portion of the right lobe of the liver, the patient died. Prior to autopsy examination, postmortem x-ray films of the pelvis were performed and an intact missile was observed on the left side (Figure). A 0.22-caliber bullet was recovered in the left hypogastric vein. The sutured entrance wound into the vena cava was noted, with no exit site found. The missile penetrating the
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1966)

The author (from Yale) reviews national mortality figures for acute rheumatic fever and chronic rheumatic heart disease from 1940-60 in males and females, white and non-white, and at specific ages.The downward trends, antedating the introduction of antibiotics, are more marked in the young.These trends are discussed in terms of the organism (where it is suggested that the streptococcus has become less virulent), the host (with a discussion of inheritance, sex, and blood groups, as well as age), and the environment (with reference to geographi- cal and social distribution).E.
Allergic purpura induced by exposure to p-dichlorobenzene. Confirmation by indirect basophil degranulation test
Authors: R. M. Nalbandian
Journal: JAMA (1965)

FOR MANY YEARS an extensively used moth repellent,<i>p</i>-dichlorobenzene (Di-chloricide) has only rarely been implicated in the production of adverse reactions.<sup>1-3</sup>We have recorded here the first case to our knowledge of allergic (anaphylactoid) purpura induced by exposure to<i>p</i>-dichlorobenzene. Since acute glomerulonephritis developed in this patient as a complication in the course of the allergic purpura (a relationship previously reported<sup>4</sup>), reexposure to the probable offending agent p-dichlorobenzene, to establish etiology, was considered but rejected. The etiologic relationship between p-dichlorobenzene and the provoked allergic purpura was later unequivocally established by positive results of a basophil degranulation test.<sup>5</sup>Additional injury to the patient in the search for the etiologic factor was thus avoided. A brief report of the significant features of the patient's hospitalization follows. <h3>Report of a Case</h3><h3>Present Illness.—</h3> This 69-year-old white retired man was in apparent good health until three weeks prior to
Abstract 105: Cardiomyocyte Secretory Beta-2 Microglobulin Contributes to Myocardial Fibrosis During Pressure Overload
Authors: Gong Hui, Yang Li, Xiaoyi zhang
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

Plasma Beta-2 microglobulin (β2M) level is inversely associated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and ejection fraction (EF) in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, few studies have evaluated roles of β2M in cardiac remodeling induced by hypertension. The present data showed that serum β2M level was increased in patients with hypertension as compared to control group, and it was significantly higher in patients with chronic heart failure than in those with hypertension. Serum β2M level was related to diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertension and heart failure. During 4 weeks after transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice, β2M level in serum or heart tissue increased progressively in time-dependent manner. Cardiomyocytes but not fibroblasts secretory β2M was rapidly increased after mechanical stretch (MS) in vitro . Exogenous β2M showed pro-fibrotic effects and enhanced migratory capability in cardiac fibroblasts. Conditional medium (CM) from mechanical stretched cardiomyocytes showed the similar effects, but these effects were partly abolished by CM from β2M-downregulated-cardiomyocytes subjected to MS. In vivo, sh-β2M-AAV9 injection greatly improved the cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction induced by TAC. Further analysis indicated that β2M promoted the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in fibroblasts and inhibition of EGFR significantly attenuated β2M-induced-activation of cardiac fibroblasts. The present data demonstrated the importance of β2M as a paracrine pro-fibrotic mediator and the relevance of β2M in the cardiac fibrosis associated with hypertension or heart failure. It suggests that inhibition of β2M may have the therapeutic potential for the prevention of cardiac fibrosis or the progression of heart failure associated with hypertension.
Family Pharmacists
Authors: S. W. Shearer, M. D. Sarlin, W. R. Burns
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The definition of a PharmD degree provided by Chalmers (1982;248:93) was accurate; however, Dr Chalmers did not discuss how a clinical pharmacist's resources can be included with physician services in private practice. We have had six years of experience incorporating clinical pharmacy services in private family practice. As a result of close professional ties within the same office location, the collaboration between pharmacist and physician has been both an aid to patient care and an effective intellectual stimulant. Our experience has shown that pharmacists with advanced training (with a PharmD or Clinical MS degree) or appropriate experience can practice in a cost-effective manner with family physicians.<sup>1</sup>For clarity, the term<i>family pharmacist</i>is used to describe a clinical pharmacist who practices with family physicians.<sup>2,3</sup> The family pharmacists in our two practices provide the following services: drug information to physicians and patients, pharmacokinetic drug-dosing evaluations, drug-interaction
Neurological Complications After Vaccination with Sabin's Live Poliomyelitis Virus
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Try a carbon ribbon 'round the old hurt knee (and shoulder)
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Some victims of knee and shoulder injuries— including sidelined athletes—and patients with degenerative joint diseases are moving their limbs freely and without pain, thanks to a carbon-composite implant for ligaments and tendons. The implant, developed by a team of engineers and orthopedic surgeons at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey in Newark, provides a biodegradable scaffold upon which torn tissues can regrow. The New Jersey investigators, led by Harold A. Alexander, PhD, director of the orthopedic research laboratories, and Andrew Weiss, MD, director of orthopedic surgery, had been frustrated in their search for a good permanent prosthesis for tendons and ligaments. As Alexander said in an interview with<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS, "We couldn't come up with a material that was biocompatible, yet strong and resilient enough to withstand the demands made on these structures. So we concentrated on developing a replacement that was not dependent upon long-term
Correction
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1950)

EFFECTS OF 2,3-DIMERCAPTO-PROPANOL (BAL) 115(2) Le traitement au BAL reussit dans cinq cas sur six de reaction a l'or de date recente.Il fut aussi favorable dans quatre sur les autres cinq cas oiu la dermatite et les autres reactions a l'or etaient 6tablies depuis plus longtemps.Le cas le plus ancien souffrait de sa dermatite due a l'or depuis trois mois, avec l'exantheme des jambes, du tronc, et des bras au stade de desquamation.Cinq heures apres la premiere injection de BAL le prurit commenca a ceder; trois jours plus tard l'exantheme s'eclaircit pour disparaitre entierement au bout de dix jours.
Reply
Authors: I. Bjarnason, T J Peters
Journal: Gut (1984)

choice of probe molecules used in tests such as the cellobiose/mannitol test is inappropriate; rather we would suggest that the three probe molecules used by Bjarnason and Peters, although providing an elegant demonstration of increased permeability to high molecular weight molecules, are inappropriate to show the reduced permeability of the small intestine to small hydrophilic molecules which is characteristic of coeliac disease.
Further abstracts
Authors: P Morel, J Qulquandon, K Beetian, M Ben-Jetani, B Copin, Jinm Chu Of Libe, Hopflal Cochin, Ph Berthou, Ch Ch, Lamy Tourani I-M, Gandhour Desablens B, Ifrah N, Le Mevel A, Abgralli-F, J-M Tourani, A Chiang, G Srfvastava, F Ho
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)