tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RITUALISTIC CIRCUMCISION.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MEMBRANOUS ENDOMETRITIS.
Authors: FLORUS F. LAWRENCE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The unsatisfactory results of all forms of treatment for membranous endometritis directed to the uterus, have been so commonly noted that it seems strange its pathology is still in doubt. So far as I know the idea that this condition may be a secondary trophic one has not been suggested. Within the past few months a number of cases coming under my care in close succession in which membranous casts, either partial or nearly complete, were among the symptoms noted, caused me to look carefully over my records for several years back. The first surprising thing I found was that in 42 cases on which I had operated for the removal of tubal and ovarian diseases, membranous casts accompanying painful menstruation were noted as a prominent symptom. The second thing found was that in 19 of the 42 cases the tubal or ovarian disease was unilateral. The third thing found
The uses of medical journals
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase I/IIa clinical trial of CLAOP21 and CLAOP14 in patients with high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and cardiac risk factors
Authors: U. Keilholz, A. Busse, A. Schmittel, G. Hütter, J. Siehl, E. Thiel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6708 Background: CHOP is the standard combination chemotherapy for high-grade Non-Hodgkin's-lymphoma (NHL). Pegliposomal doxorubicin in comparison to free doxorubicin has minimal cardiotoxicity. We performed a phase I/II study of a modified CHOP regimen including pegliposomal doxorubicin, termed CLAOP, in patients with high-grade NHL and cardiac risk factors. Methods: A three-weekly (CLAOP21) and a bi-weekly (CLAOP14) regimen were explored: CLAOP21 with 20mg/m2 of pegliposomal doxorubicin every 21 days, and a dose-dense CLAOP14 regimen every 14 days with escalating doses of pegliposomal doxorubicin supported by G-CSF. Results: 113 treatment cycles were administered to 22 patients. In the initial 12 patients CLAOP21/20mg/m2 was well tolerated with a degree of hematotoxicity similar to that reported with regular CHOP. The dose-dense CLAOP14/20mg/m2 was not associated with dose-limiting hematotoxicity, but three febrile episodes occurred in 27 treatment cycles. CLAOP14/25mg/m2 was associated with dose-limiting hematotoxicity and palmar plantar erythema. Grade III leucopenia and febrile infections developed in 3 of 5 patients, and PPE grade III in 2 of 5 patients, respectively. Both, the 3-weekly and the 2-weekly regimens were active with an overall response rate of 60%. Cardiotoxicity attributable to doxorubicin was not observed in any patient. Conclusions: The recommended dose of pegliposomal doxorubicin in the CLAOP regimen for Phase II/III testing is 20mg/m2. This regimen can be administered to lymphoma patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease without apparent cardiotoxicity. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Schering-Plough
EMIL FISCHER (1852-1919)— ORGANIC CHEMIST
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1604: Modulating effects of genistein in a mouse model of conditional <i>BRCA1</i> deletion and triple negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Micah G. Donovan, Ornella I. Selmin, Thomas C. Doetschman, Donato F. Romagnolo
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Germline mutations in BRCA1 (BRCA1+/-) confer ~72% risk of breast cancer, the majority of which are triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Hypermethylation of BRCA1 is observed at high frequency in sporadic TNBC and may play a role in tumor development in BRCA1 mutation carriers. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) coordinates epigenetic silencing of BRCA1 and is overexpressed in some TNBC. The purpose of our study is to investigate the effect of dietary genistein on BRCA1 epigenetic regulation, the AhR pathway and mammary tumorigenesis in BRCA1+/- and BRCA1+/+ mice. We used Cre-lox recombination to derive a mouse model of conditional BRCA1+/-. We used BRCA1F22/24 (The Jackson Laboratory, stock no. 017835) mice, which harbor loxP sites flanking exons 22-24 of the BRCA1 gene. We crossed dams that were heterozygous for BRCA1F22/24 (BRCA1+/FL) and transgenic for Cre recombinase (TG) under control of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter with wildtype NJ males to derive our colony. Breeding pairs were administered either control or genistein-enriched (4 ppm) diets upon set up, which were continued throughout the life of the offspring. Changes in mRNA expression and protein levels were determined, respectively, by RT-PCR and Western blot. Crewas not expressed in mammary glands of non-TG offspring and Cre expression had no effect on BRCA1 mRNA levels in BRCA1+/+ mice, which do not harbor BRCA1 loxP sites. BRCA1 expression was ~40% decreased in mammary glands of TG, BRCA1+/FL mice compared with TG, BRCA1+/+ mice. Hepatic BRCA1 expression was not changed, confirming conditional BRCA1 knockdown. Preliminary data indicate BRCA1 expression in mammary glands of genistein-fed TG, BRCA1+/+ mice was elevated (~1.3 fold) compared with control-fed mice. Moreover, the genistein diet induced a compensatory increase in BRCA1 expression in mammary glands of TG, BRCA1+/FL mice. We found genistein rescued BRCA1 levels in TNBC HCC38 cells that have constitutively active AhR and hypermethylated BRCA1. These data suggest dietary genistein may have protective effects against tumorigenesis in these mice. To that end, we are currently monitoring tumor development, BRCA1 methylation, and changes in the AhR pathway in BRCA1+/+ and BRCA1+/FL mice fed either the genistein-enriched or control diet. Citation Format: Micah G. Donovan, Ornella I. Selmin, Thomas C. Doetschman, Donato F. Romagnolo. Modulating effects of genistein in a mouse model of conditional BRCA1 deletion and triple negative breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1604.
TGF-β–dependent pathogenesis of mitral valve prolapse in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome
Authors: Connie M. Ng, Alan Cheng, Loretha A. Myers, Francisco Martinez-Murillo, Chunfa Jie, Djahida Bedja, Kathleen L. Gabrielson, Jennifer M.W. Hausladen, Robert P. Mecham, Daniel P. Judge, Harry C. Dietz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common human phenotype, yet little is known about the pathogenesis of this condition. MVP can occur in the context of genetic syndromes, including Marfan syndrome (MFS), an autosomal-dominant connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in fibrillin-1. Fibrillin-1 contributes to the regulated activation of the cytokine TGF-β, and enhanced signaling is a consequence of fibrillin-1 deficiency. We thus hypothesized that increased TGF-β signaling may contribute to the multisystem pathogenesis of MFS, including the development of myxomatous changes of the atrioventricular valves. Mitral valves from fibrillin-1–deficient mice exhibited postnatally acquired alterations in architecture that correlated both temporally and spatially with increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and excess TGF-β activation and signaling. In addition, TGF-β antagonism in vivo rescued the valve phenotype, suggesting a cause and effect relationship. Expression analyses identified increased expression of numerous TGF-β–related genes that regulate cell proliferation and survival and plausibly contribute to myxomatous valve disease. These studies validate a novel, genetically engineered murine model of myxomatous changes of the mitral valve and provide critical insight into the pathogenetic mechanism of such changes in MFS and perhaps more common nonsyndromic variants of mitral valve disease.
Three Mothers
Authors: Audrey Shafer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Ad Libitum1 February 1990Three MothersAudrey Shafer, MDAudrey Shafer, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-3-237_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptJust a brief archeological noteA glossy photograph of fossil bonesPrior to excavation.The baby dwarf, eleven hundred years old, liesNestled in his mother's arms.His thickened cranium rests on her zygoma.Why did they dieEntwined.Tears will not fossilize.An eternal embrace—till scienceRooting and pokingLabeled the remains.The stillborn is perfectly formed."Still warm,"Her father sobs. He rocks her as sheMottles.The mother lies stirrupped, numb.Why was the cord so unforgiving.A brief movement and a rest.These tiled walls have held much sorrow.And I am left, to offer kleenex.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1990Volume 112, Issue 3Page: 237-237KeywordsBoneSkull ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1990 Copyright & Permissions© 1990 American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
* The effect of bolus consistency and position change on the coordination of peristaltic contractions in healthy volunteers
Authors: R. Sweis, A. Anggiansah, T. Wong, M. Fox
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Previous studies have shown that oesophageal contractility increases with workload (eg, swallowing solids); however mechanistic studies suggest that effective oesophageal clearance depends more on effective coordination between the proximal and distal peristaltic contractions at the proximal transition zone (PTZ) than contractile pressure per se. This study assessed the effects of bolus consistency and position change on coordination of oesophageal contractions as assessed by the PTZ physiology in healthy, asymptomatic volunteers using high resolution manometry (HRM). <h3>Methods</h3> 23 healthy volunteers (11M:12F, age 20–56) underwent HRM (Manoscan 360°, SSI) with 10×5 ml water and 21 with 5×1 cc bread swallows in the upright seated and supine positions. Measurements of the PTZ mean pressure and break in peristalsis length defined by 30 mm Hg isocontour were recorded. In addition, the length of the proximal contraction (upper oesophageal sphincter to start of PTZ) and distal contraction (end of PTZ to lower oesophageal sphincter) defined by 30 mm Hg isocontour and normalised to oesophageal length (%) were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> PTZ mean pressure increased from liquid to solid in the upright (12.3 (8.3–17.8) vs 20.3 (12.9–29.5) mm Hg; p&lt;0.001) and supine (15.1 (10.9–25.1) vs 34.0 (19.1–51.3) mm Hg positions; p&lt;0.001). PTZ length decreased from liquid to solid in the upright (3.2 (1.9–7.4) vs 0.5 (0–2.5) cm; p&lt;0.001) and supine (2.9 (1.1–4.5) vs (0.0 (0.0–2.3) cm; p=0.002) positions. These effects remained significant when corrected for oesophageal length. Proximal peristaltic contraction length was not affected by changes in viscosity (p=NS) or position (p=NS); however distal peristaltic contraction length increased with bolus consistency in the upright (p=0.004) and supine (p=0.016) positions, and on moving from the upright to the supine position for liquid (p&lt;0.001) and solid (p=0.013). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Increased bolus consistency and position change from upright to supine position both increase the coordination of peristaltic contraction in healthy subjects. This effect is achieved by promoting contractility in the distal segment. This response to ‘physiologic challenge’ may increase specificity of manometric studies and provide a useful test of the oesophagus9 ability to adapt to increased workload (eg, after fundoplication).
Intestinal perforation associated with osmotic slow release indomethacin capsules
Authors: T K Day
Journal: BMJ (1984)

risk of giving double the usual starting dose of a new agent in conjunction with the underlying benorylate should have been considered potentially dangerous.That these patients were both in their 70s should have invited particular care.Regardless of the attributes, or otherwise, of Osmosin or any new anti-inflammatory agent, it is unfortunate that a new drug should fall into disrepute as a result of inadequate attention to dosage, unwarranted polypharmacy, or lack of concern for the patient's age.
Influenza Vaccination or Antiviral Treatment for Healthy Working Adults: An Economic Analysis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Summaries for Patients20 August 2002Influenza Vaccination or Antiviral Treatment for Healthy Working Adults: An Economic AnalysisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-4-200208200-00001 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Influenza is a virus that causes the flu. Flu symptoms include fever, sneezing, coughing, muscle aches, and exhaustion. Flu is more severe than the common cold, keeps people from their normal activities for up to a week or longer, and can be complicated by bacterial infections, such as pneumonia. Experts recommend flu vaccine to prevent infection in older people and in people with diseases that put them at risk for having a complicated course of flu. Treatment of flu generally involves rest, fluids, and medication to decrease fever ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationThe summary below is from the full report titled “Economic Analysis of Influenza Vaccination and Antiviral Treatment for Healthy Working Adults.” It is in the 20 August 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 137, pages 225-231). The authors are PY Lee, DB Matchar, DA Clements, J Huber, JD Hamilton, and ED Peterson.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEconomic Analysis of Influenza Vaccination and Antiviral Treatment for Healthy Working Adults Patrick Y. Lee , David B. Matchar , Dennis A. Clements , Joel Huber , John D. Hamilton , and Eric D. Peterson Metrics 20 August 2002Volume 137, Issue 4 Page: I-22 Keywords Coughing Fevers Health economics Infectious diseases Muscles Pain Pneumonia Simulation and modeling Sneezing Vaccines ePublished: 20 August 2002 Issue Published: 20 August 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
What If Americans Ate Less Fat?
Authors: Dean Ornish
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I was disappointed by the article by Browner et al<sup>1</sup>because it leaves people with information that is incomplete and misleading in an area of public policy that is increasingly important. When people read that a low-fat diet prolongs life by only 3 to 4 months, and then primarily only in people older than 65 years, it often leaves them with a profound feeling of therapeutic nihilism: Why bother? Bring out the bacon and eggs! However, this conclusion is flawed and misleading. First, the beneficial effects of a low-fat diet are diluted by averaging these effects over an entire population, including those who are not likely to have CHD or diet-related cancers. For an individual who has significant cardiac risk factors and might otherwise develop heart disease at age 40 years, the benefits of a low-fat diet would be correspondingly much greater. Second, while a
Chronic phospholamban inhibition prevents progressive cardiac dysfunction and pathological remodeling after infarction in rats
Authors: Yoshitaka Iwanaga, Masahiko Hoshijima, Yusu Gu, Mitsuo Iwatate, Thomas Dieterle, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Moto-o Date, Jacqueline Chrast, Masunori Matsuzaki, Kirk L. Peterson, Kenneth R. Chien, John Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Ablation or inhibition of phospholamban (PLN) has favorable effects in several genetic murine dilated cardiomyopathies, and we showed previously that a pseudophosphorylated form of PLN mutant (S16EPLN) successfully prevented progressive heart failure in cardiomyopathic hamsters. In this study, the effects of PLN inhibition were examined in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI), a model of acquired disease. S16EPLN was delivered into failing hearts 5 weeks after MI by transcoronary gene transfer using a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector. In treated (MI-S16EPLN, n = 16) and control (MI-saline, n = 18) groups, infarct sizes were closely matched and the left ventricle was similarly depressed and dilated before gene transfer. At 2 and 6 months after gene transfer, MI-S16EPLN rats showed an increase in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and a much smaller rise in LV end-diastolic volume, compared with progressive deterioration of LV size and function in MI-saline rats. Hemodynamic measurements at 6 months showed lower LV end-diastolic pressures, with enhanced LV function (contractility and relaxation), lowered LV mass and myocyte size, and less fibrosis in MI-S16EPLN rats. Thus, PLN inhibition by in vivo rAAV gene transfer is an effective strategy for the chronic treatment of an acquired form of established heart failure.
Incorrect Word in Results Section
Authors: Ismail Jatoi, Michael Marmot
Journal: JAMA (2013)

In Reply The suggestion that modern treatment, especially adjuvant systemic therapy, might render breast cancer screening unnecessary was put to the Independent UK Panel on Breast Cancer Screening by expert witnesses, as was the counter view that breast cancer screening, by achieving earlier diagnosis, could make systemic therapy more effective.This issue was discussed in the full report in which the Panel concluded that there was no convincing evidence that one or the other view was more likely to be correct. 1Given the uncertainty, the benefits of treatment and screening are best viewed as independent.The dates when the trials were conducted does not provide convincing evidence.Dr Jatoi refers to "later trials," the Canadian National Breast Screening Study-1 and -2 2,3 and the UK Age trial, 4 showing less benefit.But the Canadian trials were started in 1980, similar to the Swedish trials included in the meta-analysis that were started in 1976 to 1982.Jatoi is correct that the UK Age trial did start 10 years later (in 1990).But the risk reduction of 17% in that trial was little different from the 20% risk reduction derived from the meta-analysis of all 11 trials.Jatoi is more convinced by the observational studies than am I.The Panel read much of this extensive literature and took evidence from several of the leading authors. 1 The Panel noted the fierce controversy that surrounds studies that compare areas or examine time trends (in large measure because of the unresolved biases in comparisons) and due to questions over how assumptions were made.The contemporary case-control studies, in general, show larger beneficial effects of screening than do the older trials.Similarly, incidence-based mortality studies show breast cancer screening to be effective.But the Panel was not convinced that these modern studies were free of bias.Hence, the Panel relied on the trials as providing more reliable evidence for an estimate of mortality reduction.That said, the obser-vational studies support the hypothesis that screening continues to be beneficial in an era of improved treatment.