tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complete angiography vs right atriography. Diagnosis of pericardial effusion
Authors: J. R. Kirkwood
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Two cases demonstrate that a falsely positive result indicating pericardial effusion can occur with right atriography. In one case a benign thymoma of the mediastinum was responsible for the thickened right atrial border. In the other an intracavitary right atrial thrombus repeatedly imitated a pericardial effusion. These experiences emphasize that unilateral processes involving the heart cannot be differentiated from pericardial effusions by right atriography. We recommend complete bilateral angiocardiography to allow comparison of both heart borders.
Treatment of genetic hormonal deficiencies by nicotine
Authors: R. J. Hickey
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We agree with Dr Axelrod regarding our choice of terminology and feel that the ascorbic acid effect could be more accurately described as "preventing the alkalinization of urine rather than by producing an acid urine." Upon review of Dr Axelrod's letter, there are several comments that we would like to make. The statement that the inhibition of bacterial urease is "undoubtedly" the cause of the change is somewhat overstated, since, as noted by Dr Axelrod, the effect of ascorbic acid on the pH of voided urine can be influenced by a number of factors, including the number of urease-producing bacteria, the concentration of urea, the concentration of ascorbic acid, the incubation time of the urine in the bladder and collecting system, and the presence of cysteine and copper in the urine. The inhibition of urease activity presented in the Table represents in vitro data. It would be informative
Extra Vertebrae in Ingres’ La Grande Odalisque
Authors: Jean-Yves Maigne, Gilles Chatellier, Hélène Norlöff
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

La Grande Odalisque, a painting by Jean-Auguste Ingres (1780-1867), was throughout the 19th century notorious for its anatomical inaccuracy; in particular, the woman was said to have three lumbar vertebrae too many. This view was accepted by all art critics, but never tested and proven. We measured the length of the back and of the pelvis in human models, expressed the mean values in terms of head height, and transferred them to the painting. The deformation was found to be greater than originally assumed (five, rather than three, extra lumbar vertebrae), and to involve both the back and the pelvis. Ingres’ paintings skilfully combine realism and symbolism. We suggest that the deformation may have been introduced for psychological reasons. By placing the harem woman's head further away from her pelvis the artist may have been marking the gulf between her thoughts (expressed by her aloof, resigned look) and her social role (symbolized by her deliberately lengthened pelvis).
Echocardiography in cardiovascular drug assessment
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Originally intended to be a modest ancillary tool in diagnosing structural abnormalities of the heart and the pericardium, the noninvasive technique of echocardiography has greatly expanded its diagnostic orbit. It now competes successfully with invasive angiographic techniques for diagnosing and evaluating valvular and myocardial disorders, as well as those of ventricular function—the latter reflected in the measurements of left ventricular diameters and derived hemodynamic indices. Currently, two-dimensional cross-sectional echocardiography is proving even more informative than M-mode techniques in estimating left ventricular ejection fraction—a reliable index of left ventricular performance. Can measuring left ventricular diameters be similarly helpful in studying the action of cardiovascular drugs? Gibson<sup>1</sup>in 1973 and Burggraf and Parker<sup>2</sup>in 1974 suggested this possibility, which has since been explored by a number of investigators with results that varied from endorsement to rejection. Clearly, no satisfactory answer could be given to the value of echocardiography in the
Lectures on the Principles of Surgical Diagnosis: Especially in Relation to Shock and Visceral Lesions
Authors: F. L. G. Clark
Journal: BMJ (1869)

btr /1 r bend -(ls -COi{/r7-oat.-Sliock.-Confusion ofIfice La;-ynx.Scab(d Tf/i-oat.I'iW Bodi'it.s in t/ie Latynx aftft 7)-achica.-1?(lot'u in P/in rzry en dl (Eso MRt.PR FESID)ENTr AND GENTLEMIEN,-Tlhe diagnosis of traumatic lesions of the air-passages, either from accidenit or by design, is, generally speakin(-, simple and evident, in coiisequemsce of the palpable character of the Injury, or of the unecquiiocal nature of the attendant signs and symptonis.The same may be said, with some qualification, of the pharynx ancl cesoplhagus; and of all it may be remarked tllat ain early fatality ofteni attendcls the lesionis of parts so essential to life.The pi-oximnity to each other of the organs referred to, associates tllem in some respccts in the performanice of their functions, and renders them obnioxious to injuries affecting them simultaneously.Thius, the special
A piece of my mind. Middle man in the prostate puzzle
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: A. M. GOORIN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

BOOK REVIEWS Get access Bone Tumors: Clinical, Radiologic, and Pathologic Correlations . Joseph M. Mirra , Piero Picci , Richard H. Gold , eds. Philadelphia : Lea & Febiger , 1989 , 1,831 pp. $250. ALLEN M. GOORIN ALLEN M. GOORIN Division of Hematology/Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, The Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School44 Binney St. Boston, MA 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 11, 6 June 1990, Pages 968–969, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.11.968 Published: 06 June 1990
Differential expression pattern of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase isoenzymes during rat liver development
Authors: B Gil
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The pattern of expression of liver-specific and extrahepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthetase in developing rat liver was established by determining steady-state levels of the respective messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and protein content. Levels of liver-specific SAM synthetase mRNA increased progressively from day 20 of gestation, increased 10-fold immediately after birth, and reached a peak at 10 days of age, decreasing slightly by adulthood. Conversely, mRNA levels of extrahepatic isoenzyme decreased toward birth, increased threefold in the newborn, and decreased further in the postnatal life, reaching a minimum in the adult. Similar expression profiles were observed in isolated hepatocytes, indicating that both mRNAs are differentially regulated in the same cell type. Western blot analysis showed that levels of immunoreactive liver-specific isoenzyme followed a trend similar to the mRNA, indicating that developmental regulation of this enzyme is mediated at the mRNA level. Developmental patterns of expression of albumin and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNAs were closely related to those for liver-specific and extrahepatic isoenzymes, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that liver-specific SAM synthetase may be a marker for hepatocyte differentiation. Incubation of primary cultures of hepatocytes from 21-day-old fetuses with permeant cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) analogues elicited an up-regulation of the mRNA for the liver-specific isoenzyme with a concomitant down-regulation of the extrahepatic message, suggesting a physiological role for the increased postnatal glucagonemia in the control of this isoenzyme switching. In contrast with the isoenzyme expression profiles, the levels of SAM, the product of SAM synthetase reaction, were determined to be greater during gestation than in immediate postnatal periods. These results indicate that synthesis and utilization of SAM may be regulated differentially in fetal and adult hepatocytes. (Hepatology 1996 Oct;24(4):876-81)
ALCOHOL AND PHYSIOLOGY.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Excretion of Arsenic in Urine as a Function of Exposure to Arsenic in Drinking Water
Authors: Rebecca L. Calderon, Edward Hudgens, X. Chris Le, Dina Schreinemachers, David J. Thomas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Urinary arsenic (As) concentrations were evaluated as a biomarker of exposure in a U.S. population chronically exposed to inorganic As (InAs) in their drinking water. Ninety-six individuals who consumed drinking water with As concentrations of 8-620 microg/L provided first morning urine voids for up to 5 consecutive days. The study population was 56% male, and 44% was younger than 18 years of age. On one day of the study period, all voided urines were collected over a 24-hr period. Arsenic intake from drinking water was estimated from daily food diaries. Comparison between the concentration of As in individual urine voids with that in the 24-hr urine collection indicated that the concentration of As in urine was stable throughout the day. Comparison of the concentration of As in each first morning urine void over the 5-day study period indicated that there was little day-to-day variation in the concentration of As in urine. The concentration of As in drinking water was a better predictor of the concentration of As in urine than was the estimated intake of As from drinking water. The concentration of As in urine did not vary by gender. An age-dependent difference in the concentration of As in urine may be attributed to the higher As dosage rate per unit body weight in children than in adults. These findings suggest that the analysis of a small number of urine samples may be adequate to estimate an individual's exposure to InAs from drinking water and that the determination of the concentration of InAs in a drinking water supply may be a useful surrogate for estimating exposure to this metalloid.
Extragastric gastrin
Authors: M. G. Korman, C. Soveny, J. Hansky
Journal: Gut (1972)

Gastrin release in the basal state and following a standard protein meal has been estimated in patients after partial gastrectomy, partial gastrectomy with truncal vagotomy, and total gastrectomy. Following partial gastrectomy, gastrin rose from 8 +/- 0.8 to 20 +/- 3.8 pg/ml with a protein meal. The rise in the partial gastrectomy with truncal vagotomy group was 27 +/- 0.8 to 92 +/- 1.5 pg/ml and after total gastrectomy was 13 +/- 1.5 to 58 +/- 4.6 pg/ml. These results provide evidence for the release of gastrin from extragastric sites.
Safety of antipsychotic drugs for pregnant and breastfeeding women with non-affective psychosis
Authors: Richard Smith, Shah Ebrahim, Stephen Clarke
Journal: BMJ (2004)

comparison of hospital at home and hospital care.The outcome is based on QALYs formed from a five dimension quality of life scale.The cost of treating the patient in the hospital at home was £1200 more than in hospital and made little difference to the mean number of QALYs gained (0.02), where QALYs combine information about mortality and quality of life.This results in an incremental cost per QALY gained for hospital at home of £60 000 ($107 000, €87 000).Using the cost effectiveness acceptability curve (figure), decision makers would estimate their maximum willingness to pay for a QALY.If, for example, this was £30 000, the probability that hospital at home is more cost effective is slightly less than 20%, but if their willingness to pay for an additional QALY was as high as £80 000, the probability that hospital at home is the more cost effective option would be more than 80%.The table shows a simplified version of the cost-consequences analysis.A full table might additionally include: anxiety and depression, pain control, carer quality of life, costs to social services, accessibility to the service.Decision makers would use the information provided in the table to make decisions or, if desired, they could also use monetary valuation or discrete choice experiments to obtain utility values for the different elements.The relative efficiency of different options would depend on the implicit or explicit values attached by decision makers to the different elements of cost and outcome.A cost-consequences approach would more closely meet the needs of decision makers than current practice and avoid extensive use of inadequate assumptions.Such an approach may not earn researchers the same kudos for methodological research or technical capability as current methods, but it is closer to both Paretian welfare economics and a true decision making approach.It has the additional benefit of being easily understood and thus more likely to influence decision making in practice.
Anesthesiology comes of age
Authors: E. M. Papper
Journal: JAMA (1989)

ANESTHESIOLOGY came into being during my professional lifetime, achieving recognition as a specialty in the decade prior to World War II. The war brought about profound changes in many areas of medicine, including anesthesiology, and some of these changes persist in current practice. My decision to embark on a career in a field that in 1938, the year I graduated from medical school, was so new it had hardly been recognized by organized medicine was largely dictated by chance. I was one of those young men who were not sure that a career in any special branch of medicine would be gratifying, especially since the mind-set of my generation leaned toward general practice. Since my intentions were not firmly set when I chose to become a medical student at New York (NY) University School of Medicine, I spent much of my spare time doing research in nutrition and diabetes with
Letter: Tests on overseas doctors.
Authors: Mary Henry
Journal: BMJ (1975)

bosis later in her life with perhaps fatal embolism on that occasion.Jarvinen and Asp' found that the post- thrombotic state developed with unexpected rapidity-after one to three years 87 0 of patients already had symptoms and/or signs of venous insufficiency and after eight years at the latest all patients had such symptoms and/or signs.Bauer2 found that 80%, of patients with a venous ulcer had had a deep vein thrombosis.In the varicose vein clinic in this hospital, where approximately 2000 patients are seen each year, we have found that over 50 °of the female patients with a postphlebitic limb give a history of ante- or post-partum deep vein thrombosis and in some cases it had occurred after several deliveries.While the 30 deaths from pulmonary embolism per million deliveries are of ex- treme importance in the maternal mortality figures they do not give any picture of the hundreds of women with the postphlebitic limb for the remainder of their lives.
Charles Henry Ralfe, M.D.Cantab., F.R.C.P.Lond
Journal: BMJ (1896)

Bamsn 4 the new these points should never be lost sight of if we really desire to find the truth.4. It is no objection to health assurance-that people as a rule do not adopt it at first sight.Has it not always been so in the early stages of every reform?The thinkers and reasoners must lead, and the rest will follow by-and-by.Not only so.
Haleakala Crater
Authors: Barbara Wind Morcheles
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiological Equipment
Authors: J. W. Mills
Journal: BMJ (1972)

<h3>Purpose</h3> To investigate the short-term effects of high-density 20-ms laser on macular thickness using Pascal-targeted retinal photocoagulation (TRP) and reduced fluence/minimally-traumatic panretinal photocoagulation (MT-PRP) compared to standard-intensity PRP (SI-PRP) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective randomised clinical trial. Treatment-naive PDR was treated with single-session 20-ms Pascal 2500 burns photocoagulation randomised to one of three treatment arms (TRP:MT-PRP:SI-PRP). Primary outcome measure was change in central retinal thickness (CRT) on OCT. Secondary outcomes at 4 and 12 weeks post-laser included: OCT peripapillary nerve fibre layer (NFL) thickness; PDR disease regression on Optos angiography; SITA-Std visual fields (VF); and, visual acuity (VA). <h3>Results</h3> 30 eyes of 24 patients were studied, ten eyes/arm. At 12 weeks, there were significant reductions in CRT after TRP (9.6 µm; 95% CI, 1.84 to 17.36; p=0.021) and MT-PRP (17.1 µm; 95% CI, 11 to 23.2; p=0.001), versus SI-PRP (+5.9 µm; 95% CI, -6.75 to 18.55; p=0.32). PDR regression was similar between groups (TRP 70%; MT-PRP 70%; SI-PRP 90%; κ=0.76). No significant changes in VA and NFL thickness developed between groups. The VF mean deviation scores increased significantly in all groups at 12 weeks ([TRP, +0.70dB; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.48; p=0.07], [MT-PRP, +0.63dB; 95% CI, 0.12 to 1.15; p=0.02], [SI-PRP, +1.0dB; 95% CI, 0.19 to 1.74; p=0.02]). There were no laser-related ocular complications. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This pilot study reports that high-density 20-ms Pascal TRP and MT-PRP using 2500 burns did not produce increased macular thickness or any ocular adverse events during the short-term.
CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY OF GENERAL PARALYSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atlas of Regional Anesthesia
Authors: Martin H. Dauber
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dog Bites
Authors: Angel N. Desai
Journal: JAMA (2020)

PAGE Dog BitesDog bites can cause severe injury and infection if not treated promptly.Who Is at Risk of Dog Bites?Although there are many animals that can bite humans, dogs are among the most common.Dog bites cause an estimated tens of millions of injuries every year around the world.Children are at higher risk of animal bites, particularly by dogs.Children are also at greater risk of bites to the head and/or neck, which can cause more severe injury and sometimes death.Households with dogs and adults with 2 or more dogs are more likely to incur a bite compared with those without pets.Travelers may also be at greater risk of dog bites, depending on the geographical location and activities associated with travel.