tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antibody to endotoxin in the treatment of gram-negative sepsis
Authors: J. J. Schentag
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<i>The following letter was received after the authors had written their reply</i>. —Ed. <h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Both studies of antiendotoxin monoclonal antibodies in sepsis<sup>1,2</sup>clearly showed that the enrolled population with presumed gram-negative sepsis who received these products did not benefit more than those who received placebo. As a consequence, the data were reanalyzed after as many as 60% of those enrolled had been excluded. Both products were then shown to benefit the remaining subpopulation. However, statistical significance in the remaining 40% of enrollees is not very strong justification for the administration of antiendotoxin therapy to every patient who may have gram-negative bacteremia if there is no way to identify the important subgroup in advance. Thus, both studies create an urgent need for effective bedside criteria for use of these products. Clearly, it is not possible to identify gram-negative bacteremia, but it does not necessarily follow that patients
Morphological changes of hepatic microcirculation in experimental rat cirrhosis: A scanning electron microscopic study
Authors: J Haratake
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Morphological changes of hepatic microcirculation, especially peribiliary plexus, in experimental rat cirrhosis that resulted from the repeated intraperitoneal injections of N-diethylnitrosamine, 100 mg/kg body weight/one shot/week, were examined by scanning electron microscope. Control rats were treated with saline. Whole blood vessels of the rats were perfused by saline and stuffed with methylmethacrylated resin. Multiple nodular changes were seen in the livers after the five injections (5 wk) of N-diethylnitrosamine, and diffuse nodular transformations mimicking human cirrhosis after six injections (6 wk) were also seen. Overall changes in experimental rats were numerous vascular channels mainly composed of venous branches around the parenchymal nodules, increased arterioportal anastomoses and flattening of veins, especially hepatic vein branches. Peribiliary plexuses of the experimental rats were much richer in the vessels than those of the controls, and many dilated veins, ramified from portal vein branches, were present in the former. Direct connections between peribiliary plexuses and sinusoids or between peribiliary plexuses and portal veins increased in the experimental rats. Studies concerning microcirculatory changes of peribiliary plexuses in experimental rat cirrhosis are rare. It was concluded that the abnormal peribiliary plexuses in this experimental series might participate in a collateral circulation under a state of portal hypertension. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:952–956).
PWE-293 Forming a consensus opinion on exercise prehabilitation in elderly, colorectal cancer patients: a delphi study
Authors: C Boereboom, J Williams, P Leighton, J Lund
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is no consensus among colorectal surgeons as to whether preoperative exercise is beneficial in the management of colorectal cancer patients. Research has shown higher rates of postoperative complications in patients who are less fit.<sup>1</sup>Agreement needs to be sought on whether improving fitness via exercise should be a part of preoperative care. The Delphi process is an iterative process designed to refine opinions on a subject, until consensus agreement is reached within an expert group. <h3>Method</h3> We performed a 3 stage electronic Delphi survey with a group of consultant colorectal surgeons. Statements regarding the importance, benefits, risks and feasibility of preoperative exercise were scored on a 5 point Likert scale. Simple descriptive statistics were used to analyse the results. Statements achieving &gt;80% agreement were taken as consensus, those achieving &gt;80% disagreement were removed and those in between were revised in the following round. The process ended with a group of statements which achieved consensus. <h3>Results</h3> 34 statements were including in the first round of the Delphi survey. After 3 rounds 22 statements were accepted as consensus opinion, 7 statements were rejected and 7 statements did not reach consensus. It was agreed that preoperative exercise training should form part of preoperative care, was beneficial to many aspects of health and would be supported by surgeons in their own practice. Personally tailored and suitably monitored programmes were not thought to pose significant risk to patients. There was no consensus reached on the strength of current available evidence for the benefits of preoperative exercise or whether it would be possible to deliver these programmes in participant’s institutions at present. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This work is the first to produce a set of statements on which expert consensus opinion has been agreed regarding preoperative exercise in colorectal cancer patients. Future work, informed by this study, will design interventions to produce rapid improvements in fitness before surgery. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> M. a West, M. G. Parry, D. Lythgoe, C. P. Barben, G. J. Kemp, M. P. W. Grocott, and S. Jack, Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for the prediction of morbidity risk after rectal cancer surgery. <i>Br</i><i>J Surg.</i>2014;<b>101</b>(9):1166–72
Improving Improvement
Authors: Paul Batalden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters16 November 2004Improving ImprovementPaul Batalden, MDPaul Batalden, MDFrom Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-10-200411160-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The articles by Landon and colleagues (1) and Mittman (2) call for more systematic published studies on the effectiveness of efforts to improve clinical care. We agree. Unfortunately, studies to date trying to compare “intervention” and “control” settings often leave out crucial details—not just details of the design of improvement interventions, but also details of the context in which those efforts play out. Therefore, it is hard to draw lessons from those studies that can be used to improve improvement itself. Study design and context, as well as the methods used to carry out the changes, matter ...References1. Landon BE, Wilson IB, McInnes K, Landrum MB, Hirschhorn L, Marsden PV, et al. Effects of a quality improvement collaborative on the outcome of care of patients with HIV infection: the EQHIV study. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:887-96. [PMID: 15172903] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Mittman BS. Creating the evidence base for quality improvement collaboratives. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:897-901. [PMID: 15172904] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of a Quality Improvement Collaborative on the Outcome of Care of Patients with HIV Infection: The EQHIV Study Bruce E. Landon , Ira B. Wilson , Keith McInnes , Mary Beth Landrum , Lisa Hirschhorn , Peter V. Marsden , David Gustafson , and Paul D. Cleary Creating the Evidence Base for Quality Improvement Collaboratives Brian S. Mittman Improving Improvement Bruce D. Agins and Clemens Steinbock Improving Improvement Bruce E. Landon , Paul D. Cleary , and Ira B. Wilson Metrics Cited ByElectronic health information technology as a tool for improving quality of care and health outcomes for HIV/AIDS patients 16 November 2004Volume 141, Issue 10Page: 820-821KeywordsAIDSCaregiversForecastingHIVHIV infectionsHabits ePublished: 16 November 2004 Issue Published: 16 November 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
LOOKING BACK.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methylmercury Neurotoxicity in Amazonian Children Downstream from Gold Mining
Authors: Philippe Grandjean, Roberta F. White, Anne Nielsen, David Cleary, Elisabeth C. de Oliveira Santos
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

In widespread informal gold mining in the Amazon Basin, mercury is used to capture the gold particles as amalgam. Releases of mercury to the environment have resulted in the contamination of freshwater fish with methylmercury. In four comparable Amazonian communities, we examined 351 of 420 eligible children between 7 and 12 years of age. In three Tapajós villages with the highest exposures, more than 80% of 246 children had hair-mercury concentrations above 10 microg/g, a limit above which adverse effects on brain development are likely to occur. Neuropsychological tests of motor function, attention, and visuospatial performance showed decrements associated with the hair-mercury concentrations. Especially on the Santa Ana form board and the Stanford-Binet copying tests, similar associations were also apparent in the 105 children from the village with the lowest exposures, where all but two children had hair-mercury concentrations below 10 microg/g. Although average exposure levels may not have changed during recent years, prenatal exposure levels are unknown, and exact dose relationships cannot be generated from this cross-sectional study. However, the current mercury pollution seems sufficiently severe to cause adverse effects on brain development.
CORRECTION
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Background:It has been suggested that a lowered medial longitudinal arch is a causal factor in the development of plantar fasciitis, but there is little evidence to support this hypothesis.Research question/s: Does sagittal movement of the arch during gait differ in subjects with and without plantar fasciitis? Methodology:Subjects: 20 subjects: 10 subjects with unilateral plantar fasciitis (PF) and 10 matched controls (CON).Experimental procedure: All of the subjects underwent walking at a selfselected speed during which digital fluoroscopy was used to acquire dynamic lateral radiographs from each subject by digitising and then recoding the respective maxima of (1) arch angle; and (2) first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) angle.Sagittal movement of the arch was defined as the angular change between heel strike and the maximum arch angle observed during the stance phase of gait.The thickness of the proximal plantar fascia was determined from sagittal sonograms of both feet.Measures of outcome: Arch angle (maximum and movement) and MTPJ angle, plantar fascia thickness Main finding/s: N Arch angle: there was no significant difference in either the movement or maximum arch angle between limbs N MTPJ angle: subjects in the PF group had larger MTPJ angle compared with CON subjects (p,0.05)N There was a significant correlation (p,0.05) between fascial thickness and peak arch and metatarsophalangeal joint angles (p,0.05) in the symptomatic limb Conclusion/s: N Patients with chronic plantar fasciitis do not have an abnormal shape or greater movement of the medial longitudinal arch during walking N Arch mechanics may influence the severity of plantar fasciitis, once the condition is present N Digital flexion, in contrast, has a protective role in what might be a bilateral disease process Evidence based rating: 7/10 Clinical interest rating: 7/10 Type of study: Case control study Methodological considerations: Well conducted study, no cause effect can be demonstrated, two dimensional analysis
Remarks on Ocular Symptoms of General Paralysis of the Insane, with Special Reference to its Clinical Groupings
Authors: W. B. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1896)

TMu.DL JUL I079 disturbance, with thepresence of cadaverine and putrescine in the urine.These alkaloids are in themselves comparatively innocuous, but he argues that the same organisms which have produced them may also have produced another ptomaine capable of breaking down the red corpuscles.Such a body, however, he did not actually find.The theory is developed at length in connection with a case which he has published in detail,9 but where post mortem very complete atrophy of the gastric mucous membrane was founcd.It has been known for
Queries and Minor Notes
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery of the breast
Authors: C. Ward
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Breasts come in different shapes, sizes, and degrees of symmetry and lost common breast deformities continue to change in the wake ofpregnancy, fluctuations in body which surgery is sought weight, aging, and breast disease.Women react in different ways to natural or pathological variations in breast form, and, though some may Breast hypertrophy accept the deformity and scarring that follow radical mastectomy and B radiotherapy for carcinoma of the breast, others will be unable to tolerate Breast hypoptosia M minor loss of breast shape and bulk after pregnancy and seek restoration. Breast asymmetryGiven that restorative and reconstructive surgery of the breast is objectivelyBreast ptosis not essential it can sometimes be difficult for a medical practitioner to l Ptscmdsympathise with the motivation ofa woman requesting surgery.ExperiencePostmostectomy deformity 0 and sound psychological evaluation have, however, shown that plastic and
Expansion of a multidisciplinary support program for patients with addictions and hepatitis C: strategies for an effective approach
Authors: Montserrat Garcia-Retortillo, Elena González-Colominas, Nuria Cañete Hidalgo, Francina Fonseca, Daniel Roca, Ana Viu, Rosa Fernández, Judith Romero, Esther Garrido, Gemma Diaz, Gabriel Vallecillo, Gloria Marin, Joan Vidal, Teresa Broquetas, Marc Puigvehí, Jose A. Carrión, Marc Batlle, Susanna Coll, Santiago Grau Cerrato, Marta Torrens, Xavier Bessa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
THE MOVING PICTURE SHOW
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mutation Frequencies in Patients With Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Steven Sorscher
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Prediction of mortality and morbidity with a 6-minute walk test in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. SOLVD Investigators
Authors: V. Bittner
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To study the potential usefulness of the 6-minute walk test, a self-paced submaximal exercise test, as a prognostic indicator in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. <h3>Design.</h3> —Data were collected during a prospective cohort study, the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) Registry Substudy. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Twenty tertiary care hospitals in the United States, Canada, and Belgium. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A stratified random sample of 898 patients from the SOLVD Registry who had either radiological evidence of congestive heart failure and/or an ejection fraction of 0.45 or less were enrolled in the substudy and underwent a detailed clinical evaluation including a 6-minute walk test. Patients were followed up for a mean of 242 days. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Mortality and hospitalization. <h3>Results.</h3> —During follow-up, 52 walk-test participants (6.2%) died and 252 (30.3%) were hospitalized. Hospitalization for congestive heart failure occurred in 78 participants (9.4%), and the combined endpoint of death or hospitalization for congestive heart failure occurred in 114 walk-test participants (13.7%). Compared with the highest performance level, patients in the lowest performance level had a significantly greater chance of dying (10.23% vs 2.99%;<i>P</i>=.01), of being hospitalized (40.91% vs 19.90%;<i>P</i>=.002), and of being hospitalized for heart failure (22.16% vs 1.99%;<i>P</i>&lt;.0001). In a logistic regression model, ejection fraction and distance walked were equally strong and independent predictors of mortality and heart failure hospitalization rates during follow-up. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —The 6-minute walk test is a safe and simple clinical tool that strongly and independently predicts morbidity and mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1702-1707)
Report on Vaccination as Practised at the Liverpool Station of the National Vaccine Establishment
Authors: A. B. Steele
Journal: BMJ (1862)

IEcENT inquiries into the history and practice of vac- ciniation, have shown, contrary to what might have been expected, that England, the birthplace of the immortal Jenner, the country in which his great discoverv was first proniulgated, has been far behind m-ost other European nations in adoptinig means necessary to promote the extension of that inestimable boon.Full and con- clusive evidence of this want of sanitary care oni the part of our governmeDt, will be found itl the able and interesting report of MIr.Simon, contained in a Blue Book on Vaccination, issued by the General Board of Health in 1857; from wlhich we learn that, at that period, wlhen forty years had elapsed since Jenner's dis- covery first became an accepted part of medical science, arrangements, nmore or less complete, had been made throuiglhout the continent of Europe to render it of uni- versal application; and its triumphs were everywhere re- cognised.