tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AMA GRAMS
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1922)

A _LThe 1?iqlhts of the Ex-Servbice Man atd Vomnan 11 is primarily a hand(lbook; for the use Qf those in need of information for practical l)pLrposes.As such it mi-ay be recommended; it is comip'-eliensive in scope, accurate i-n detail, anid a(lequately ind(lexedl.'Mr.SHERREN lhas, however, adopted the lhistorical forimi, -id ii (loing so.has given his work a miore general intercst, as it affords a concise review of the genesis and eVoluLtiOn of a sencse of social responsibility unique in lhistory, and its pr)aetical issue in the development of ani extt a- ordIiiiarily comxjplete systeua of a(ldininistrative miachinery.The preface, by Mr. C. A. AMeCurdy, M.P., serves to focus attelctiou on the nmain features of that developineit.The eighth.edition of Professor JOSEPH'S textboolk of veneireal diseases 12 gives a good account of current Germnan pracbice in the synmptonmatology., diagnosis, anid treatment of s;yphiiis, soft sore and gonorrhoea.It is a practical -work, not too long, blut rather badly illustrated.If anyone in this cOuIntlry thlilnis of ordlering it he should asccrtain beforehand -lwhat lie w;ill be aslked to pay.
LUMBODORSAL SYMPATHECTOMY FOR HYPERTENSION
Authors: W. H. B.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1945)

Editorial1 July 1945LUMBODORSAL SYMPATHECTOMY FOR HYPERTENSIONW. H. B.W. H. B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-23-1-108 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOperations on the sympathetic nervous system designed to relieve hypertension have aroused considerable interest for a number of years. Results from the majority of the earlier procedures were so variable that many surgeons and physicians became skeptical as to the possibilities inherent in this form of therapy. It is only in the past seven years that the more radical lumbodorsal sympathectomy developed by Dr. Reginald Smithwick has shown sufficiently good results to revive enthusiasm over the surgical treatment of hypertension.The technic for the perfected operative procedure was published in 1940.1The purpose of the operation is to interrupt the...1 SMITHWICK RH: A technique for splanchnic resection for hypertension, Surgery, 1940, i, 1-8. Google Scholar2 SMITHWICK RH: Surgical treatment of hypertension, Arch. Surg., 1944, xlix, 180-192. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3 CASTLEMANSMITHWICK BRH: The relation of vascular disease to the hypertensive state, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1943, cxxi, 1256-1261. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 ROJASSMITHWICKWHITE FRHPD: Nonspecific major operations and lumbodorsal sympathectomy: a comparison between their effects upon the blood pressure, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1944, cxxvi, 15-17. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5 THOMAS CR: Personal communication. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1945Volume 23, Issue 1Page: 108-110KeywordsHypertensionSurgeonsSurgerySympathectomySympathetic nervous system Issue Published: 1 July 1945 PDF downloadLoading ...
Human vs animal rights. In defense of animal research
Authors: J M Loeb, W R Hendee, S J Smith, M R Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

For centuries, opposition has been directed against the use of animals for the benefit of humans. For more than four centuries in Europe, and for more than a century in the United States, this opposition has targeted scientific research that involves animals. More recent movements in support of animal rights have arisen in an attempt to impede, if not prohibit, the use of animals in scientific experimentation. These movements employ various means that range from information and media campaigns to destruction of property and threats against investigators. The latter efforts have resulted in the identification of more militant animal rights bands as terrorist groups. The American Medical Association has long been a defender of humane research that employs animals, and it is very concerned about the efforts of animal rights and welfare groups to interfere with research. Recently, the Association prepared a detailed analysis of the controversy over the use of animals in research, and the consequences for research and clinical medicine if the philosophy of animal rights activists were to prevail in society. This article is a condensation of the Association's analysis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:2716-2720)
Responses to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (MUC) after frontline immunotherapy.
Authors: Bernadett Szabados, Michiel Simon Van Der Heijden, Alfonso Gomez De Liano Lista, Yen Zhi Tang, Thomas Powles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e16004 Background: The effect of prior immune checkpoint inhibition therapy (CI) on the efficacy of subsequent chemotherapy is largely unknown in MUC. The identification of the optimal sequence of chemotherapy and IO is yet to be determined, but may influence outcomes. Methods: A retrospective audit and comparison of patients who progressed after first and second line CI and received subsequent standard chemotherapy was performed. Date was collected across a broad spectrum of CI. We report on patient’s characteristics and response rates of 28 sequential patients collected from two institutions who received chemotherapy after CI. Patients were separated into 2 cohorts. Cohort A had not previously received chemotherapy (n = 14), cohort B had previously received at least 1 chemotherapy regimen (n = 14). Central radiology review was performed. We assessed objective response rate by RECIST v 1.1. Kaplan Meier method was used. Results: Median age for the whole cohort was 64 yrs (45-80). ECOG was 0/1 in 89,3% and 2 in 10,7% at the time of starting chemotherapy. The commonest chemotherapy regimen in cohort A and B were carboplatin-gemcitabine (71%) and carboplatin paclitaxel (50%) respectively. 75% of the patients were intermediate risk group. In Cohort A 63% responded to chemotherapy whereas in cohort B only 3 patients showed response. The median change in target lesions in the front line immunotherapy cohort was -60% (-81 to +1%). Both patients who responded to 2 nd line chemotherapy after CI had a long interval between first and 2 nd line chemotherapy (9-24 months). Conclusions: Chemotherapy maintains its efficacy after front line CI with deep responses. Although numbers are modest, results strongly suggest patients should be offered chemotherapy in this setting.
PRACTICAL NOTES.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What's new in the other general journals
Authors: Kristina Fister
Journal: BMJ (2006)

It seems that nine out of 10 people whose diabetes is caused by a mutation in the KCNJ11 gene could safely switch from injecting insulin to taking oral sulphonylurea. People with this rare mutation are born with impaired insulin secretion, and are usually diagnosed with diabetes before 6 months of age. They were, until recently, thought to need insulin treatment all their lives. In a multicentre study that enrolled 49 consecutive patients with the mutation who were between 3 months and 36 years old, 44 patients were able to switch. Glycaemic control was not only good with sulphonylurea, but was improved compared with insulin. The effects lasted for up to two years, until the study ended. The only side effect of sulphonylurea was transitory diarrhoea without pyrexia. It was recorded in five patients, lasted up to four days, and didn't alter the course of treatment. Mutations in the KCNJ11 gene impair ATP sensitive potassium channels in pancreatic β cells, so insulin is not secreted into the bloodstream. Sulphonylurea remedies this by mechanisms independent of ATP. In physiological studies on subgroups of patients, sulphonylurea restored insulin secretion in response to intravenous glucose, and even more so to oral glucose or a mixed meal. In vitro, sulphonylurea was able to close mutant potassium channels to the extent corresponding to the findings in vivo. The authors argue for genetic testing of all patients who had diabetes diagnosed early in life, whatever their age now, since they have a good chance of switching from injecting insulin to oral treatment. The accompanying editorial (p 507) highlights the need for routine screening of newborns for neonatal diabetes and discusses other implications of the findings. N Engl J Med 2006;355: 467–77 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] Exposure to conventional warfare has long-lasting and serious effects on civilians' mental health, but effects of exposure … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNew%2BEngland%2BJournal%2Bof%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DNEJM%26rft.issn%253D0028-4793%26rft.aulast%253DPearson%26rft.auinit1%253DE.%2BR.%26rft.volume%253D355%26rft.issue%253D5%26rft.spage%253D467%26rft.epage%253D477%26rft.atitle%253DSwitching%2Bfrom%2Binsulin%2Bto%2Boral%2Bsulfonylureas%2Bin%2Bpatients%2Bwith%2Bdiabetes%2Bdue%2Bto%2BKir6.2%2Bmutations.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJMoa061759%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16885550%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1056/NEJMoa061759&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16885550&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbmj%2F333%2F7563%2F344.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000239432500006&link_type=ISI
Role of CXCR2/CXCR2 ligands in vascular remodeling during bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
Authors: John A. Belperio, Michael P. Keane, Marie D. Burdick, Brigitte Gomperts, Ying Ying Xue, Kurt Hong, Javier Mestas, Abbas Ardehali, Borna Mehrad, Rajan Saggar, Joseph P. Lynch, David J. Ross, Robert M. Strieter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Angiogenesis and vascular remodeling support fibroproliferative processes; however, no study has addressed the importance of angiogenesis during fibro-obliteration of the allograft airway during bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) that occurs after lung transplantation.The ELR + CXC chemokines both mediate neutrophil recruitment and promote angiogenesis.Their shared endothelial cell receptor is the G-coupled protein receptor CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2).We found that elevated levels of multiple ELR + CXC chemokines correlated with the presence of BOS.Proof-of-concept studies using a murine model of BOS not only demonstrated an early neutrophil infiltration but also marked vascular remodeling in the tracheal allografts.In addition, tracheal allograft ELR + CXC chemokines were persistently expressed even in the absence of significant neutrophil infiltration and were temporally associated with vascular remodeling during fibro-obliteration of the tracheal allograft.Furthermore, in neutralizing studies, treatment with anti-CXCR2 Abs inhibited early neutrophil infiltration and later vascular remodeling, which resulted in the attenuation of murine BOS.A more profound attenuation of fibro-obliteration was seen when CXCR2 -/-mice received cyclosporin A. This supports the notion that the CXCR2/CXCR2 ligand biological axis has a bimodal function during the course of BOS: early, it is important for neutrophil recruitment and later, during fibro-obliteration, it is important for vascular remodeling independent of neutrophil recruitment.
Incomplete Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Charles E. Edmiston Jr, PhD; Cheong J. Lee, MD; Candace J. Krepel, MS; Maureen Spencer, MEd; David Leaper, MD; Kellie R. Brown, MD; Brian D. Lewis, MD; Peter J. Rossi, MD; Michael J. Malinowski, MD; Gary R. Seabrook, MD
Lymphedema
Authors: Arjun Gupta, Joseph A. Moore
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

LymphedemaLymphedema is a buildup of "lymph," a body fluid containing infection-fighting cells.It occurs when the lymphatic system, consisting of thin vessels and lymph nodes, is damaged or blocked.It commonly affects the arm or leg but can also affect other parts of the body such as the neck. Lymphedema in Patients With CancerCancer itself may damage lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels.More commonly, surgery, including the removal of lymph nodes, and radiation therapy may cause scarring, which can result in lymphedema.For example, a surgeon may remove lymph nodes from the armpit of a patient with breast cancer.
Cutaneous melanoma attributable to sunbed use: systematic review and meta-analysis
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The summary relative risk for first exposure to sunbed use starting before age 35 years is 1.59 (95% confidence interval 1.36 to 1.85) [not 1.87 (1.41 to 2.48)] with no evidence of heterogeneity (I²=3% [not 0%]).The conclusions and the estimation of the burden of sunbed use in Europe remain unchanged.
Environmental Fate and Biodegradability of Benzene Derivatives as Studied in a Model Aquatic Ecosystem
Authors: Po-Yung Lu, Robert L. Metcalf
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

A model aquatic ecosystem is devised for studying relatively volatile organic compounds and simulating direct discharge of chemical wastes into aquatic ecosystems. Six simple benzene derivatives (aniline, anisole, benzoic acid, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, and phthalic anhydride) and other important specialty chemicals: hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol, 2,6-diethylaniline, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol were also chosen for study of environmental behavior and fate in the model aquatic ecosystem. Quantitative relationships of the intrinsic molecular properties of the environmental micropollutants with biological responses are established, e.g., water solubility, partition coefficient, pi constant, sigma constant, ecological magnification, biodegradability index, and comparative detoxication mechanisms, respectively. Water solubility, pi constant, and sigma constant are the most significant factors and control the biological responses of the food chain members. Water solubility and pi constant control the degree of bioaccumulation, and sigma constant limits the metabolism of the xenobiotics via microsomal detoxication enzymes. These highly significant correlations should be useful for predicting environmental fate of organic chemicals.
Table of Diseases Treated between the 24th of February, 1843, and the 31st of January, 1846
Authors: G. Fife
Journal: BMJ (1846)

The cases placed under the head "Climacteric Disorder," consisted of all those general and local derangements incidental to the disappearance or ces- sation of the periodical function of the uterus.Of these, three only require notice at present, viz.,
The acid test. Making clinical sense of the Consensus Conference on Helicobacter pylori
Authors: M. Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Not very long ago, duodenal ulcer was considered a chronic disease of unknown cause. Today, duodenal ulcer recurrences for the most part can be prevented if the bacterium<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>is eradicated from the stomach and duodenum. Although eradication of<i>H pylori</i>markedly reduces duodenal ulcer recurrences as detected endoscopically, there is only equivocal evidence that eradication of<i>H pylori</i>reduces recurrent duodenal ulcer symptoms.<sup>1</sup> The recommendations of a National Institutes of Health— appointed consensus panel regarding diagnosis and treatment of<i>H pylori</i>are published in this issue ofTHE Journal.<sup>2</sup>These recommendations can serve as useful guidelines for physicians, but they deserve further comment. See also p 65. The panel begins by stating that "nearly all" patients with duodenal ulcer have<i>H pylori</i>gastritis, but then later states that "no patient should be treated for<i>H pylori</i>unless one of the sensitive and specific tests previously discussed
Abstract 236: Shaping Waves of BMP Inhibition During Vasculogenesis
Authors: Pierre Guihard, Jiyai Yao, Yina Guo, Ana Blazquez-Medela, Medet Jumabay, Yucheng Yao, Alan Garfinkel, Kristina Boström
Journal: Circulation Research (2017)

During early embryogenesis, gradients of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to be critical in controlling patterning and growth of developing tissues. Two members of the BMP family are well known as strong modulators of vascular development, BMP4 and BMP9. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 2 (HHT2) is caused by mutations in a BMP receptor, the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (Alk1) gene, and characterized by abnormal vascular networks and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). ALK1 expression and signaling are tightly regulated by BMP4 and 9 and their respective inhibitors, matrix Gla protein (MGP) and Crossveinless-2 (CV2), through negative feedback regulation. Aberrant ALK1 signaling disrupting endothelial cell (EC) differentiation is closely related to vascular morphogenesis and AVMs, and depends on normal action of MGP and CV2. We have previously shown that deletion of the Mgp gene leads to AVMs in multiple organs (100% penetrance), characterized by large-caliber shunts and abnormal endothelium with increased cellularity and EC marker expression. Using in vitro , in silico and in vivo approaches, we found that the vascular growth, patterning and EC maturation are orchestrated by “shaping waves” resembling those in somatogenesis. In cultures ECs, the waves are seen as temporal oscillations of MGP and CV2 expression in response to BMP9, whereas in tissue such as the retina, the waves are observed as stripes perpendicular to the direction of growth. Thus, lack of MGP or disruptions in BMP9/ALK1/Endoglin signaling, as in HHT, will cause alterations in the expression of the BMP inhibitors and the patterning during vascular development.
Primary hypothyroidism. Suprasellar pituitary enlargement and regression on computed tomographic scanning
Authors: B. J. Silver
Journal: JAMA (1981)

THE ASSOCIATION between primary hypothyroidism in adults and pituitary enlargement was first described in 1892.<sup>1</sup>Similar cases have been reported recently.<sup>2-5</sup>They have been characterized by enlargement or alteration in contour of the sella turcica. A decrease in pituitary size following thyroxine (T<sub>4</sub>) replacement therapy has been reported by Jawadi et al,<sup>6</sup>who demonstrated regression of suprasellar expansion with pneumoencephalography, and by Pita et al,<sup>7</sup>who reported disappearance of a pituitary tumor on computed tomographic (CT) scan. A case of suprasellar extension of pituitary tissue in a patient with severe hypothyroidism has been easily demonstrated by CT scanning using both transverse and coronal sections. The unusual feature of the case is that no abnormalities were noted on sella tomography. With supervised T<sub>4</sub>replacement, the CT changes completely resolved within two months. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 23-year-old woman was admitted for right optic neuritis.
The Doctor in Court.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morfologiczne badania porównawcze nad rola ukladu mezenchymalnego a w szczególnošci sercowo-naczyńiowego w zapaleniu hiperergicznym i gośćcowym
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal