tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastro-Enterology (in Three Volumes)
Journal: JAMA (1946)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Does “low risk” muscle invasive bladder cancer actually exist?
Authors: Eugene J. Pietzak, Ronac Mamtani, Alan J. Wein, S. Bruce Malkowicz, David J. Vaughn, Thomas J. Guzzo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15521 Background: Despite level one evidence demonstrating improved survival with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), studies suggest that many eligible patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) do not receive it prior to radical cystectomy (RC). Our objective was to determine if the absence of preoperative risk factors can identify patients at low risk for bladder cancer specific mortality (BCSM) with RC alone. Methods: We identified NAC-naive patients with clinical stage cT2N0M0 urothelial MIBC treated with RC with at our center. “High risk” cT2 patients with either preoperative hydronephrosis or transurethral resection (TUR) specimens, containing lymphovascular invasion (LVI) or mixed variant histology, were compared to cT2 patients without these adverse features, grouped as “low risk”. Results: Of 251 consecutive cT2 patients, 119 (47%) were high risk [LVI = 31, hydro = 69, mixed histology = 54, ≥ 2 risk factors = 70]. High and low risk cohorts did not differ with regards to age, gender, race, BMI, smoking, co-morbidities, prior intravesical therapy, treatment delay, or adjuvant chemotherapy. High risk patients more often had occult lymph node metastasis (39% v. 26.7% p = 0.04) and tumor upstaging to pT3/4 disease (54% v. 40% p < 0.001), with significantly fewer patients achieving pT0 status (2.5% v. 12.1% p = 0.004). Two and five year Cancer-Specific Survival (CSS) was 85% and 62.3% for low risk patients, but only 59.5% and 42% for high risk patients (log rank = 0.006, Fine-Gray competing risk analysis sub-Hazard ratio 2.1 [95%CI = 1.4 – 3.2]). Compared to those without risk factors, the odds ratio for BCSM was 1.3 (95%CI = 0.7-2.5) for one risk factor and 3.2 (95%CI = 1.7-5.8) for ≥ 2 risk factors. On multi-variable analysis, only hydronephrosis (2.2 [95%CI = 1.2-4.2]) and mixed histology (2.4 [95%CI = 1.2-4.8]) were independently associated with BCSM. Conclusions: RC alone can provide good oncologic outcomes to many cT2 MIBC patients without adverse risk factors, particularly if hydronephosis and mixed variant histology are absent. However, even in “low risk” patients, tumor upstaging and lymph node involvement is not trivial, which must be included in informed decision making.
Homicides and Suicides—National Violent Death Reporting System, United States, 2003-2004
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Violent deaths claimed 49,639 lives in the United States during 2003, and the prevention of violent deaths is an integral part of the public health agenda. In 2003, CDC launched the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) to provide detailed information on the circumstances of violent deaths. The system can be used to develop and evaluate prevention policies, programs, and strategies at the national, state, and local levels. This report describes the analysis of violent deaths from seven states that participated in NVDRS in 2003, plus six additional states that participated in 2004. Homicide circumstance information revealed that most victims knew the suspects involved and that intimate partner conflicts continued to be among the most important contributing factors. Suicide circumstance information indicated that mental health disorders and intimate partner problems had important roles. These findings underscore the value of NVDRS data for effective planning and targeting of violence-prevention programs.
Physiological Regulation
Authors: H. Davson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

textbooks, while the anaesthetist in the wilds will find in it many useful tips, and will probably end up being envious of his more fortunate colleagues who possess the array of highly developed equipment and the facilities described and illustrated in the book.All three of these types of reader may find the price high, but this is a comprehensive book which the publishers have produced impeccably.
Cervical Manipulation
Authors: Ronald S. Hosek
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article relating vertebrobasilar injuries to cervical manipulations by Schellhas et al (1980;244:1450) was interesting and most pointed in suggesting that a high degree of danger may be involved with chiropractic adjustments. While the literature substantiates that stroke-like episodes may follow cervical manipulations, it is not clear from the article by Schellhas et al what the actual incidence or likelihood of these episodes may be. The authors allude to some 20 cases in the literature and present four cases of their own with angiographic confirmation. Interestingly, several sources not cited<sup>1-3</sup>provide an additional 20, 37, and 26 manipulationrelated stroke cases, respectively. Assuming (incorrectly) that no case is referenced in more than one study, documentation for approximately 100 cases may exist for the period 1947 to 1979. This works out to about three cases per year. In a recent study conducted for the federal government,<sup>4</sup>it
Cell-Mediated Immunity and Its Application in Toxicology
Authors: Michael I. Luster, Jack H. Dean, Gary A. Boorman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

A variety of in vivo and more recently in vitro assays have been described to assess cell mediated immunity (CMI). Two methods routinely employed in our laboratory to assess CMI following exposure to chemicals in rodents include delayed hypersensitivity and in vitro lymphoproliferation. Preliminary studies indicate that depressed delayed hypersensitivity responses, as performed by a radiometric assay, correlates with altered susceptibility to infectious agents and tumor cell challenge following exposure to immunotoxic chemicals. Furthermore, suppression of T-cell lymphoproliferative responses to at least 50% below control values correlated with depressed delayed hypersensitivity responses and altered host susceptibility. On the other hand, when suppression of T-cell lymphoproliferative responses are within 50% of control values, delayed hypersensitivity and host susceptibility parameters are not affected. Assuming adequate technical expertise and accurate data interpretation, CMI assays of these types can provide a valuable data base for toxicology studies and immunotoxicity assessment.
Is There a Doctor in the House?
Authors: John La Puma
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE PRACTICE of physicians' caring medically for their families is not new and appears to be common. In the only published empirical data on this subject,<sup>1</sup>83% of 465 practicing physicians in a community teaching hospital had prescribed medications for family members; 80% had diagnosed illnesses; 72% had examined family members; 17% had attended family members in the hospital; and 11% had operated on family members. Most (59%) had previously refused a family member's request for medical care; 48% had referred the patient for whom they had made their "most important diagnosis."1 Incidence, quality effects, process and outcome of care, and the utility and effectiveness of the physician-patient relationship when physician and patient are family remain unknown. The practice of physicians' treating their own families raises ethical concerns, including when to breach confidentiality or obtain advance directives; how to secure informed consent, assess decisionmaking capacity, or give end-of-life care;
THE RECENT THERAPEUSIS OF DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Though the attention and interest that were excited byBrown-Sequard'sannouncement of the discovery of a remedy for functional and asthenic disorders of the nervous system in hypodermatic injections of testicular juice has subsided, that physiologist has persisted in the experiments he was making with that substance in 1889, and in a recent memoir presented to the Academy of Sciences he made the following conclusions. First: In old men in whom the spermatic glands especially have lost their function, injections of testicular liquid may furnish that which is wanting for the potency of the nervous centres. Second: In all diseases feebleness may be combatted advantageously by injections of testicular liquid. The latter is most advantageously employed in pulmonary tuberculosis, locomotor ataxia, leprosy, anæmia, paralysis, etc. He persists in his former statement that during the administration of this substance the appetite and sleep return, micturition and defecation are more regularly performed,
Declaration of Helsinki-nothing to declare?
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (1999)

In decades to come, historians may argue that the most notable achievements in medical research in the closing years of this millennium lay not just in improvements in, say, prophylaxis or therapy, but also in the increasing recognition and application of the ethical principles that underpin such endeavours. The backbone to the growing body of published work on research ethics is provided by the Nuremberg Code and, subsequently by the Declaration of Helsinki. While the Nuremberg Code has remained unmodified for the past half-century, the document drawn up by the World Medical Association in Helsinki in 1964 has been amended several times.
Incorrect Code Designation
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P137 (0165) TREATMENT STRATEGIES AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR THE OUTCOME OF VERY LATE RELAPSES (VLRs) OCCURRING ≥5 YEARS AFTER INITIAL TREATMENT WITH CHEMOTHERAPY ± RADIOTHERAPY (CT ± RT) IN HODGKIN LYMPHOMA (HL): A JOINT STUDY FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS AND ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DEI TUMORI MILANO
Journal: HemaSphere (2018)
Incomplete Financial Disclosure and Incorrect Numbers
Authors: Ralf Baumgartner
Journal: JAMA (1999)

In contrast, no signs and symptoms of the hemispheric disconnection syndrome are reported, either because they were absent or because no neuropsychological examinations were done.Thus, the MRI findings reported by Hackett et al do not explain the neurological signs and symptoms found in their patients with HACE, and it is not clear whether the MRI findings were symptomatic.Consequently, the intense T 2 signals in the corpus callosum and the splenium reported by Hackett et al do not prove that HACE is related to cerebral edema.
Medicine as an Art.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Synthesis of the conjugate of superoxide dismutase with the copolymer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride retaining enzymatic activity
Authors: Hirano Takashi, Todoroki Takeshi, Kato Shuji, Yamamoto Harumi, Paolo Caliceti, Francesco Veronese, Maeda Hiroshi, Ohashi Shinichi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1994)
Bronchiectasis
Authors: Alan F. Barker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Although bronchiectasis (permanent dilatation of the bronchi) is now uncommon, it has the potential to cause devastating illness. Chronic infection has an important role in its pathogenesis, and immunodeficiency states, cystic fibrosis, and primary ciliary dyskinesia may predispose patients to the condition. Diagnosis has been greatly facilitated by high-resolution computed tomography. This review article covers all aspects of the disorder, including recent approaches to therapy.
Tourette's syndrome. A model neuropsychiatric disorder
Authors: T. M. Hyde
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>CASE REPORT</h3> Anthony and Brian (not their real names) are monozygotic (MZ) twins who were born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery at full term following an unremarkable pregnancy. Labor lasted 3 hours, with Brian born by breech delivery 8 minutes after Anthony, who was born head first. Both twins were healthy at birth, Brian weighing 3000 g and Anthony 3254 g. Their neurodevelopmental milestones were normal and neither had learning disabilities or problems with hyperactivity, anxiety, phobias, or memory. From about 2 years of age, Brian was felt to be easily distracted and his gross motor skills also appeared to be less refined. Brian developed motor tics at age 6 years with eye blinking as the presenting symptom, and vocal tics began with sniffing at age 9 years. Anthony developed motor tics at age 7 years with eye blinking as the presenting symptom. He has never manifested vocal tics. The
Hypoxemia in the Burned Patient: A Clinical-Pathologic Study
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OP0203 A Family-Based Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals an Association of Spondyloarthritis with MAPK14
Authors: F. Costantino, A. Talpin, E. Chaplais, R. Said-Nahal, A. Leboime, E. Zinovieva, B. Izac, D. Zelenika, I. Gut, C. Charon, J.D. Reveille, G. Chiocchia, M. Breban, H.-J. Garchon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with high heritability but with complex genetics. Besides the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), more than 25 loci have already been associated to the disease using an unrelated case-control design but they explain only a minor fraction of total heritability. <h3>Objectives</h3> We conducted a family-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify new non-MHC genetic factors associated with SpA. <h3>Methods</h3> Nine hundred and six subjects from 156 French multiplex families, including 438 affected with SpA, were genotyped using Affymetrix 250K microarray. After quality control, 230,801 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were kept for further analyses. Association was tested with Unphased. The best-associated non-MHC SNPs were then genotyped sequentially in two independent familial trio cohorts, one from France and the other from North America (including 215 and 294 subjects, respectively) in order to replicate associations. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-three non-MHC SNPs yielded an association signal with SpA in the discovery cohort (p&lt;1x10<sup>-4</sup>). In the extension studies, association was replicated at a nominal p-value &lt;0.05 for 16 SNPs in the second cohort and for 3 of these 16 SNPs in the third cohort. Pooled analysis identified an association close to genome-wide significance between rs7761118, an intronic SNP of <i>MAPK14</i>, and SpA (p=6.2 x 10<sup>-7</sup>). Such association was independent of HLA-B27. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We report here for the first time a family-based GWAS study on SpA and identified a highly associated polymorphism in <i>MAPK14</i> that codes for the p38-a MAP kinase, a key kinase in immune cell signalling. Further analyses are needed to understand the functional significance of this genetic association. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Abstract 4864: Targeted melanoma therapies as radiosensitizers
Authors: Jessica L. Smith, Cecilia Chang, Tim Wang, Helen Rizos, Han Shen, Matteo Carlino, Eric Hau
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: In BRAFV600 mutant melanoma combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors is associated with a rapid response in approximately 70% of patients, and an improvement in survival. Radiotherapy is used in the treatment of melanoma in multiple clinical settings including stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis, oligo-metastatic extracranial disease and palliative radiotherapy to symptomatic lesions. Preclinical studies, and a small number of clinical case reports suggest the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib leads to increased radiosensitivity. Aims: To determine if BRAF Inhibitors dabrafenib, vemurafenib and encorafenib, alone or in combination with their corresponding MEK Inhibitors, are radiation-sensitising in BRAF-mutant treatment naive melanoma cells. Methods: Three melanoma cell lines harbouring a BRAF V600E mutation were studied: A375, SkMel28 and MM200. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for each cell line was determined by MTS assays for vemurafenib, dabrafenib, encorafenib, and the MEK inhibitors trametinib, binimetinib and cobimetinib. Clonogenic assays were conducted on each cell line. The optimal dose of BRAF and MEK inhibitors was determined from MTS assay and single drug clonogenic assays. Cells were treated with BRAF or MEK inhibitor alone and in combination. Cells were also treated with increasing doses of radiation (X-RAD 320 irradiator, PXI). The mode of cell death and changes in cell morphology were determined by live cell imaging (Wide Field Live Cell Observer, Ziess) for five days following the above treatments. Results:Using Clonogenic assays, we confirmed that radiation sensitivity varies across different melanoma cell lines, with MM200 being significantly more sensitive to radiation then SKMel28. Clonogenic assays demonstrated that vemurafenib, dabrafenib, encorafenib, trametinib and binimetinib increased radiosensitivity across all three-cell lines. Further, the level of radiosensitsation was greater in combination across all three sets, than with either BRAF or MEK inhibitor alone. Using live cell imaging, we were able to confirm this increase in cell death, and visualise differences in the mode of cell death and morphology with these therapies. Conclusions: Vemurafenib, dabrafenib, encorafenib, trametinib and binimetinib were shown in this study to be radiosensitisers in BRAFV600Emutant melanoma cell lines. Radiosensitisation was greatest with combined BRAF and MEK inhibition. Further studies are being conducted to determine if this sensitisation continues after BRAF resistance develops. Citation Format: Jessica L. Smith, Cecilia Chang, Tim Wang, Helen Rizos, Han Shen, Matteo Carlino, Eric Hau. Targeted melanoma therapies as radiosensitizers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4864.
Reversal of central anticholinergic syndrome by galanthamine
Authors: A. Baraka
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Ten volunteers were given 2 mg scopolamine intravenously (IV) to produce substantial drowsiness and sleepiness. Galanthamine, 0.5 mg/kg IV, effectively reversed the central anticholinergic syndrome produced by scopolamine. Electroencephalographic monitoring of two subjects matched the observed changes of consciousness: scopolamine replaced the dominant awake alpha rhythm with a disorganized, slow, 4- to 6-Hz activity. Galanthamine promptly returned the EEG pattern to the control, awake state. Galanthamine produces effective, safe, and long-lasting reversal of the central anticholinergic syndrome in man. (<i>JAMA</i>238:2293-2294, 1977)