tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New England's own arthritis?
Authors: R. A. Kaslow
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A PARENT in Old Lyme, Conn, reported to the state health department that physicians had diagnosed 12 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) in her community. That number is substantially higher than might reasonably have been expected.<sup>1</sup>The difference between what is observed and what is expected sounds an alarm to the epidemiologist. Defining the illness to be examined is invariably his first task, although not often a major obstacle. In their study of arthritis in Connecticut, Steere and his colleagues<sup>2</sup>appear to have grappled successfully with exacting classification criteria for JRA<sup>3</sup>as they defined the epidemic illness. They described 51 cases of a distinct rheumatic syndrome that closely resembles JRA. "Lyme arthritis" consists of one or more brief episodes of nondeforming, oligoarticular arthritis—variably accompanied by fever, fatigue, headache, myalgia, and skin rash—which usually remits completely. Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and iridocyclitis were not seen. The patients had no
Erratum
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1985)

The commentary by Schwartz (1985) had the following coauthor: Myrna Schwartz, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. 19104. The citation should accordingly be: Schwartz, B. &amp; Schwartz, M. (1985) Organic insight into mental organs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:30–31.
Abstracts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1967)

Over a 4i-year period 86 patients with rheumatic heart disease have undergone cardiac surgery at the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, offering an oppor- tunity for biopsy of the myocardium (atrium or ventricle).This review relates the incidence of Aschoff bodies in the myocardium with the antistreptolysin-O (ASO) titre or the result of the test for C-reactive protein (CRP).Of the seventeen cases in which Aschoff bodies were present the ASO titre was raised in 79 per cent., whereas of the remaining 69 without Aschoff bodies the titre was raised in only 54 per cent This difference is not con- sidered to be statistically significant No relationship was found between the presence of Aschoff bodies and a positive CRP test or between ASO titre and CRP level.[No analysis of age or severity of myocardial or valve lesion is made.]
Coincidence of Gaucher's disease due to a private mutation and Ph′ positive chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Petro E. Petrides, Philipp leCoutre, Johann Müller‐Höcker, Eberhard Magin, Klaus Harzer, Anna Demina, Ernest Beutler
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

We report the case of a 46-year-old female with coexisting type I Gaucher's disease and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The diagnosis of Gaucher's disease was made in early childhood by bone marrow biopsy and was recently confirmed by biochemical demonstration of reduced leukocyte β-glucocerebrosidase activity and the presence of Gaucher cells in a bone marrow aspirate. We analyzed the patient's genomic DNA for the underlying glucocerebrosidase mutations and have found homozygosity for a C→T transition in cDNA nucleotide 593 (159 Pro→Leu), presently an undescribed mutation. After initiation of replacement therapy with alglucerase we observed a significant increase of the platelet count in our patient. The diagnosis of CML was based on standard hematological parameters and the detection of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). With intermittent treatment with busulfan the patient has remained in chronic phase for nine years. The patient suffered from hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia, both of which can be caused by Gaucher's disease and CML. The aggravation of skeletal manifestations of Gaucher's disease, which occurred at the time of diagnosis of CML, could be due to increased production of leukocyte-derived glucocerebrosides that were not appropriately degraded because of the genetic β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency. Am. J. Hematol. 59:87–90, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Duration of androgen deprivation therapy in high-risk prostate cancer: A randomized trial.
Authors: Abdenour Nabid, Nathalie Carrier, André-Guy Martin, Jean-Paul Bahary, Luis Souhami, Marie Duclos, Francois Vincent, Sylvie Vass, Boris Bahoric, Robert Archambault, Céline Lemaire
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

LBA4510 Background: Radiotherapy (RT) and long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a standard treatment for patients with high-risk prostate cancer. However, the optimal duration of ADT is not yet defined. The purpose of this randomized trial was to compare outcomes between 36 and 18 months of ADT in high-risk prostate cancer treated with RT (PCS IV trial). Methods: PCS IV randomized patients with node-negative high-risk prostate cancer (T3-4, PSA &gt;20 ng/ml or Gleason score &gt;7), to pelvic RT (whole pelvis 44 Gy/4 ½ weeks, prostate 70 Gy/7 weeks) and 36 (arm 1) vs 18 months (arm 2) of ADT (neo- adjuvant, concomitant, adjuvant). ADT consisted of bicalutamide 50 mg for one month and goserelin 10.8 mg every three months for 36 vs 18 months. Overall survival was the primary end point. From randomization, overall and cancer-specific survival rates were compared between arms with Kaplan-Meier log rank test and Cox regression. Results: From October 2000 to January 2008, 310 patients were randomized to arm 1 and 320 to arm 2. Patients' characteristics were well balanced between the two arms (median age 71 years, median PSA 16 ng/ml, median Gleason score 8). Most patients had T2-T3 disease. At a median follow-up of 78 months, 80/310 patients (25.8%) in arm 1 and 85/320 (26.6%) in arm 2 had died (p=0.829). 113 patients died of causes other than prostate cancer. Overall and cancer-specific survival hazard ratios were 1.15 (0.85-1.56), p=0.366 and 1.07 (0.62-1.84), p=0.819, respectively. 5-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 91.1% (87.9-94.3) vs. 86.1% (82.3-90.0), p=0.06 and 96.6% (94.5-98.7) vs. 95.3% (92.8-97.7), p=0.427 and 10-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 61.9% (54.1-69.7) vs. 58.6% (49.8-67.4), p=0.275 and 84.1% (77.6-90.6) vs. 83.7% (76.3-91.1), p=0.819 for arm 1 and arm 2, respectively. There were no significant differences in the rates of biochemical, regional, or distant failure between arms. Conclusions: With a median follow-up of 6.5 years, our study shows that long-term ADT can be safely reduced from 36 to 18 months without compromising outcomes. Analysis of treatment impact on quality of life is now under review. Source of Funding: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Grant. Clinical trial information: #NCT00223171.
Biochem &amp;amp; Biophys Res Commun, New York
Journal: JAMA (1964)

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<i>Announcement</i>: CDC’s 70th Anniversary
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

July 1, 2016, marks the 70th anniversary of the establishment of CDC. Since the agency's launch as the Communicable Disease Center on July 1, 1946, CDC's primary mission has been improving public health in the United States and around the world through prevention and preparedness. In the seven decades since CDC's founding, the agency has grown in size and mission and is recognized as the nation's premiere health promotion, disease prevention, and emergency preparedness agency, and a global leader in public health. CDC's mission has progressed beyond communicable disease control and now encompasses noninfectious diseases, injury prevention, and environmental and occupational health.
PARIS
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: Gall-bladder sensitivity to cholecystokinin in patients with gall stones
Authors: T Callaghan, D Hadden, G Tomkin
Journal: BMJ (1980)

megaloblastic anaemia after taking metformin for eight years.True pernicious anaemia was excluded.There was no evidence of a lesion in the distal ileum and generalised malabsorption was excluded.We presumed that the vitamin B12 malabsorption was related to the effect of metformin on active absorption in the distal ileum but we could not prove that.The anaemia was cured, and treatment with chlorpropamide, metformin, and cyanocobalamin was continued.Although vitamin B12 malabsorption is relatively common with long-term metformin treatment, we think this is the first reported case of megaloblastic anaemia.The rarity of this complication might be expected since the malabsorption is not complete and the normal body stores contain more than a year's supply of vitamin B12.We advise annual screening for megaloblastic anaemia in patients on long-term metformin treatment, as it is an easily remediable compli- cation and does not necessitate withdrawal of the drug.
Outcomes of multiple pregnancies in female liver transplant recipients Dept. of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA and *University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The development of early acute renal dysfunction (eARD) occurring in the first week after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is mainly influenced by more severe degrees of pre-OLT hepatic insufficiency and liver graft dysfunction. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of eARD post-OLT as well as its association with pre- and post-OLT hepatic dysfunction. We selected 54 end-stage liver disease patients who underwent OLT from 2008 to 2011. The prevalence of eARD was 53.7% (29/54) classified according to AKIN criteria in ARD-Risk (55.2%), ARD-Injury (27.6%) and ARD-Failure (17.2%). The worst stage of post-OLT eARD (eARD-Failure) seems to be influenced by the poor pre-OLT hepatic function as well as by early suboptimal recovery of graft function.
Treadmill Exercise or Resistance Training in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease—Reply
Authors: Mary M. McDermott
Journal: JAMA (2009)

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Efficacy of BCG Vaccine
Authors: Eran Bellin
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their meta-analysis of the published literature on BCG vaccine, Dr Colditz and colleagues<sup>1</sup>attempt to summarize BCG's protective effect by building a statistical model with variables for geographic latitude and validity scores. Geographic latitude is a variable without biological cogency (though some stretches have been attempted), yet it is retained in the model because it conveniently explains 41% of the variability. I suspect that its primary function is to attenuate the impact of the largest, most recent, and most damaging prospective study on the thesis that BCG vaccine is effective—the Madras study.<sup>2</sup>We should note that the Madras study is larger than the next three studies in size combined<sup>1(Table 1)</sup>and found no protective effect. The Madras study was felt necessary at the time to finally prove the utility of BCG vaccine, yet its results are ignored without a call for additional study.
Mechanisms of alcohol impairment of recovery from mechanically denuded areas made within cultured rat hepatocytes
Authors: R Anderson
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The effect of ethanol on the ability of a denuded hepatocyte cell surface to recover is unknown. We therefore determined the effect of ethanol on the rate of renewal of mechanical wounds made in near-confluent monolayers of primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. We found that ethanol exerted a dose-dependent effect to impair rat hepatocyte recovery and that at least 12 hours of exposure to ethanol was required to induce this impairment. The effect of ethanol to impair recovery of denuded areas of epithelium was not seen in two established renal tubular epithelial cell lines. Ethanol impairment of rat hepatocyte recovery could be blocked by an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor (4-methyl pyrazole) and potentiated by an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (pargyline). The effect of ethanol to inhibit rat hepatocyte recovery of denuded areas was not associated with any change in hepatocyte cell surface expression of the β1 integrin subunit as determined by flow cytometry. These results suggest that acetaldehyde is responsible for ethanol inhibition of hepatocyte recovery from mechanical injury and that this impairment occurs independent of cell surface expression of the β1 integrin subunit.
Aspiration Pneumonitis
Authors: G. F. Marx
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A 29-year-old primigravida entered the obstetrical suite with a history of 12 hours of active labor and 36 hours of ruptured membranes. She had not had prenatal care. Results of physical examination were unremarkable. The cervix was fully dilated and the caput was showing. Fetal weight was estimated at 4,000 gm (9 lb). No fetal heart sounds were audible, and the hematocrit value was 32%; the results of urinalysis were normal except for 1+ acetonuria. A continuous intravenous infusion of 5% dextrose in water was instituted, and the patient placed on the delivery table. After pudendal block had been administered, the fetal head was delivered spontaneously. However, there was shoulder dystocia, and general anesthesia was desired to provide relaxation of the lower uterine segment. The patient denied having had food or drink for the past ten hours. Induction of anesthesia was started using a combination of nitrous oxide, oxygen, and
Future of chest services.
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Leading Articles to be effective in a patient with very severe poisoning.In the largest series of adult patients yet reported, A. A. H. Lawson and his colleagues23 have demonstrated that severe hypokalaemia and dramatic changes in acid-base balance may occur with Cumming's regimen, necessitating frequent bio- chemical monitoring.They have, however, developed an effective modification of the regimen,23 which leads to neither hypokalaemia nor serious or rapid changes in acid-base balance and so requires only a minimum of laboratory control.Another method of making the urine alkaline is to use the organic buffer THAM-tris.'4'8Nevertheless, there is no evidence that this has any advantages over other methods, and M. Gaultier and his colleagues have emphasized that adequate laboratory surveillance is still important.28Treatment with acetazolamide, which alkalinizes the urine by inhibiting 1 Brit.med. 7.
SECRETARIES OF STATE MEDICAL SOCIETIES.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

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Viral meningitis
Authors: Sarah A E Logan, Eithne MacMahon
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Viral meningitis is common and often goes unreported. In the absence of a lumbar puncture, viral and bacterial meningitis cannot be differentiated with certainty, and all suspected cases should therefore be referred. Lumbar puncture and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid may be done primarily to exclude bacterial meningitis, but identification of the specific viral cause is itself beneficial. Viral diagnosis informs prognosis, enhances care of the patient, reduces the use of antibiotics, decreases length of stay in hospital, and can help to prevent further spread of infection. Over the past 20 years, vaccination policies, the HIV epidemic, altered sexual behaviour, and increasing travel have altered the spectrum of causative agents. In this review we outline the changing epidemiology, discuss key clinical topics, and illustrate how identification of the specific viral cause is beneficial. Neonatal meningitis may be a component of perinatal infection and is not covered here. #### Summary points #### Definitions
Thrombotic-hemorrhagic diathesis of polycythemia vera treated with aspirin
Authors: J. M. Levin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

MUCH has been written in the recent literature concerning both platelet function and the use of antiplatelet drugs to control thrombotic complications of various disease entities. Polycythemia vera is complicated by a hemorrhagic-thrombotic diathesis in 33% to 50% of patients.<sup>1</sup>We present a case of polycythemia vera in which the problem of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) syndrome was successfully treated with aspirin. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 70-year-old woman was admitted to St. Joseph's Hospital Sept 18, 1972, with severe dyspnea and evidence of pulmonary edema. A previous admission to the same hospital in 1967 for severe headache, mild hypertension, and plethoric appearance led to the diagnosis of polycythemia vera. The pertinent laboratory data at that time were as follows: hemoglobin level, 21.0 gm/100 ml; hematocrit reading, 63%; white blood cell (WBC) count, 11,400/cu mm; and platelet count 488,000/cu mm. Roentgenograms of the chest and skull and intravenous pyelography were
Medical consequences of environmental home noises
Authors: L. E. Farr
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An examination of the home for sources of sound which may be of medical significance reveals by measurement of sound levels in actual homes that many home devices operate at surprisingly high levels of sound intensities. Operation of these devices results in intrusive and unwanted sound perception by the individual. Effects of intrusive sound may be deleterious to health, particularly for individuals with emotional disturbances and so-called tension diseases. A need exists to define the harmful potential of home noise disturbances and for physicians to become aware of noise as an adjunct in provoking manifest disease.
Incorrect Reference
Journal: JAMA (1980)

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