tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chemical Behavior of Aluminum and Phosphorus during Dissolution of Glass Fibers in Physiological Saline Solutions
Authors: Patrick Baillif, Jean-Claude Touray
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The dissolution of textile glass fibers of four different compositions has been investigated at 37°C.In these glasses, which are isolation type, the P205 contents scatter between 0 and 2 wt% and Al203 from 0.12 to 3.4 wt%.Both static (30-mg fibers; 250-ml solution) and dynamic (50-mg fibers; 40 ml/day flow rate) conditions with or without bubbling of a gas mixture (95:5, N2-CO2) have been used.Two physiological solutions, one proposed by Kanapilly and the other by Scholtze, were used.After each run (1, 3, 7, 14, and sometimes 30, 62 days) the solutions were analyzed for B and Si by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), the weight losses were determined, and the residual solid were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).Static runs give a better agreement between measured and calculated weight losses from solution analyses than dynamic experiments.SEM examinations indicate diameter reduction and formation of a hydrated Si-rich layer.Sometimes hollow tubes, suggesting the detachment of these layers, are observed.XPS and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis indicate the for- mation of a veneer of calcium phosphate for the most rapidly dissolving glass.In other cases an Al increase is observed at the solid solution inter- face.Whatever experimental conditions are used, the relative dissolution rates of the four glasses are identical.The kinetics may be modeled with variable dissolution rates from initial high values to final low ones.The latter reflect the very low solubility of the residual product.-
Patients' cooperation with a medical regimen. Difficulties in identifying the noncooperator
Authors: H. S. Caron
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Twenty-seven ward residents estimated their individual patients' adherence to an antacid regimen (ATR). The physicians' estimates were then compared with counts of the bottles of antacid actually consumed by the patients. The median patient took 46% of the prescribed medicine but the median physician's error of estimate was 32%. Of the 27 physicians, 22 overestimated their patients' ATR. Further, physicians were unable to distinguish those patients who adhered well from those who adhered poorly, even when the judgments were restricted only to those in which the physician indicated most confidence. The correlations between estimated and measured ATR clustered about zero. Accuracy did not vary with the amount of medicine prescribed, the number of patients judged, height of estimated or measured ATR, or the range or variability of the estimates.
New Instrument.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INFANT MORTALITY DURING LABOR, AND ITS PREVENTION.
Authors: Z. LINCOLN WHITMIRE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The time was when women brought forth her offspring with pain and suffering, without the presence of midwife or physician; but from the beginning the process has been accompanied by dangers to the mothers and more or less mortality among the children. Although we lack full statistics it can safely be asserted that among the uncivilized peoples (those wholly uninfluenced by civilization) the rate of infant mortality is far less, during labor, than it is at the same time among the civilized peoples. This may seem at first a broad statement, but by comparing the two classes of peoples we can easily find sufficient causes to warrant the assertion. Man, in the first stages of his existence, was semi, or wholly, barbarous. From that state of being he has gradually grown through the successive stages of civilization to the highest type of human possibility at the present time, a refined
Effect of beta-blocker therapy on insulin resistance in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: The use of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), insulin resistance index Yuji Hara, Mareomi Hamada, Yuji Shigematsu, Tomoaki Ohtsuka, Go Hiasa, Akiyoshi Ogimoto, Hideyuki Saeki, Jun Suzuki, Kunio Hiwada. Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Antibiotics to Prevent Acute Otitis Media and to Treat Otitis Media With Effusion-Reply
Authors: Robert L. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Cantekin's letter makes a number of unsubstantiated assertions. First, he is concerned about the heterogeneity of treatment effect in studies of antibiotic prophylaxis of recurrent acute otitis media. The DerSimonian and Laird analytic method we used assumes a random distribution of observed treatment effects about the true mean.<sup>1</sup>Therefore, study heterogeneity is factored into the calculated estimate. Cantekin argues that sulfisoxazole is more effective than other antibiotics for prophylaxis against recurrent acute otitis media, but is unsafe. As detailed in our article, the data do not support recommendations for a specific antibiotic.<sup>2</sup>Contrary to Cantekin's statements, there is no warning in the<i>Physicians' Desk Reference</i>about prophylactic use of sulfisoxazole as a single agent. Concerning the OME studies, Cantekin makes several statements about study quality and observed treatment effect. One of us (R.L.W.) reviewed his article on this topic and is aware he bases these
Clinical Judgment
Authors: Alvan R. Feinstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 October 1994Clinical JudgmentAlvan R. Feinstein, MDAlvan R. Feinstein, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-8-199410150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I thank Dr. Judson and Ms. Jung for their comments, from which I have no real dissent. I doubt, however, that the methods of chaos theory and "fuzzy" logic will work any better than the existing quantitative models. The fundamental problem is in obtaining suitable data, not in finding new models or methods to process the data. The advantage of "clinical judgment" is that it provides suitable data. I agree that autopsies are important and should receive much more attention than they do in an era of major disincentives. With suitable analytic methods, such as the "epidemiologic necropsy" ...References1. McFarlane MJ. The epidemiologic necropsy for abdominal aortic aneurysm. JAMA. 1991; 265:2085-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLa temporalité de la santéA Model of Decision Making 15 October 1994Volume 121, Issue 8Page: 624KeywordsAutopsyEpidemiologyMotivation Issue Published: 15 October 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
In vitro RPM Fibrogenic Potential Assay of Welding Fumes
Authors: R. M. Stern, G. H. Pigott
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The fibrogenic potential of 11 different welding fumes and metallic aerosols, considered to be reference standard surrogates for the commonly used welding technologies and applications responsible for 70% of welders exposure, is screened by using the rat peritoneal macrophage (RPM) in vitro bioassay. Only one class of fumes, that from the manual metal are welding of stainless steel, shows distinct fibrogenic potential. This fume, however, is not common to more than four or five of the heretofore 90 cases of pulmonary fibrosis reported among welders. Thus, although insoluble Cr(VI) is probably the active fibrogen in stainless steel fumes, an etiological factor common to all fibrogenic welding exposures must be sought; it is tentatively proposed to be NO chi, a potent experimental in vivo fibrogen copiously produced by certain welding processes and ubiquitous at low concentrations in the welding environment.
Hyperfibrinolysis in a case of myelodysplastic syndrome with leukemic spread of mast cells
Authors: F. Wimazal, W.R. Sperr, H.‐P. Horny, V. Carroll, B.R. Binder, C. Fonatsch, S. Walchshofer, M. Födinger, I. Schwarzinger, P. Samorapoompichit, A. Chott, A.M. Dvorak, K. Lechner, P. Valent
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Mast cells (MC) are multipotent hemopoietic effector cells producing diverse mediators like histamine, heparin, or tissue type plasminogen activator. We report a 75-year-old male patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) of recent onset (3 months' history) associated with a massive leukemic spread of immature tryptase+ MC (tentative term: myelomastocytic leukemia). The patient presented with pancytopenia, bleeding, hypofibrinogenemia, and an increased cellular tryptase level. Moreover, an excessive elevation of plasmin-antiplasmin complexes (9,200 ng/ml; normal range: 10–150), an elevated D-dimer, and an increase in thrombin-antithrombin III complexes were found. The identity of the circulating MC was confirmed by immunophenotyping (CD117/c-kit+, CD123/IL-3Rα−, CD11b/C3biR−), biochemical analysis (cellular ratio [ng:ng] of tryptase to histamine >1), and electron microscopy. Bone marrow (bm) examination showed trilineage dysplasia (17% blasts), 30% diffusely scattered MC, and a complex karyotype. No dense, compact MC infiltrates (mastocytosis) were detectable in bm sections. Despite hyperfibrinolysis and mediator syndrome (flushing, headache), the patient received remission induction polychemotherapy (DAV) followed by two cycles of consolidation with intermediate dose ARA-C (2 × 1 g/m2/day on days 1, 3, and 5). He entered complete remission after the first chemotherapy cycle without evidence of recurring MDS. Moreover, in response to chemotherapy, the hyperfibrinolysis and mediator syndrome resolved, and the circulating c-kit+ MC disappeared. We suggest consideration of polychemotherapy as a therapeutic option in patients with high-risk MDS of recent onset, even in the case of MC lineage involvement. Am. J. Hematol. 61:66–77, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
JAMA 75 YEARS AGO
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2669: A role for <i>HOXA5</i> in the transcriptional response of ovarian and fallopian tube surface epithelial cells to norepinephrine
Authors: Sweta Dash, Anxhela Gjyshi, Ling Cen, Chia-Ho Cheng, Chaomei Zhang, Sean J. Yoder, Jamie K. Teer, Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Alvaro N. Monteiro
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Chronic stress has been suggested to play a role in tumor initiation, progression and patient survival. Studies have shown that activation of the sympathetic nervous system and increased levels of stress-associated hormones such as norepinephrine can enhance migration, invasion and growth of ovarian cancer cells. However, the extent to which stress contributes to tumor initiation remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of norepinephrine on the transcriptional program of immortalized normal cell lines presumed to be the origin of epithelial ovarian cancers. We treated normal immortalized ovarian (iOSE) and fallopian tube (iFTE) surface epithelial cells with 10uM norepinephrine for 15 min, 1h and 4h and generated global transcriptomic profile of treated vs untreated cells by RNA-Seq. The most significant gene expression changes (P(adj) &amp;lt; 0.05) were observed at the 1h time point; with an overlap of 45 differentially expressed genes in both iOSE and iFTE cells. Genes in immune-related and developmental pathways were found to be highly enriched in the norepinephrine treated samples set. By the 4h time point, the number of differentially expressed genes had increased to 313 genes from 234 at 1h in iFTE cells, while it reduced to 34 genes from 53 in iOSE cells. Additionally, the number of differentially expressed genes common to iOSE and iFTE cells had reduced to 14. Gene ontology analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed ‘transcription factor’ to be the most significantly overrepresented class (based on FDR value) at both 1h and 4h time-points. Promoter enrichment analysis identified HOXA5, GFI1 and FOXI1 transcription factor binding sites to be highly enriched (based on Z-score and Fisher-Score) at both time points. HOXA5 ranked consistently at the top in both cell lines and at both 1h and 4h time points. These observations suggest that HOXA5 may play a central role in regulating the early response to norepinephrine in normal ovarian and fallopian tube cells. We will further assess the function of HOXA5 through ChIP-Seq and shRNA- mediated silencing. Citation Format: Sweta Dash, Anxhela Gjyshi, Ling Cen, Chia-Ho Cheng, Chaomei Zhang, Sean J. Yoder, Jamie K. Teer, Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Alvaro N. Monteiro. A role for HOXA5 in the transcriptional response of ovarian and fallopian tube surface epithelial cells to norepinephrine [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2669.
The emerging role of Twist proteins in hematopoietic cells and hematological malignancies
Authors: N Merindol, A Riquet, V Szablewski, J-F Eliaou, A Puisieux, N Bonnefoy
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Twist1 and Twist2 (Twist1–2) are two transcription factors, members of the basic helix-loop-helix family, that have been well established as master transcriptional regulators of embryogenesis and developmental programs of mesenchymal cell lineages. Their role in oncogenesis in epithelium-derived cancer and in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition has also been thoroughly characterized. Recently, emerging evidence also suggests a key role for Twist1–2 in the function and development of hematopoietic cells, as well as in survival and development of numerous hematological malignancies. In this review, we summarize the latest data that depict the role of Twist1–2 in monocytes, T cells and B lymphocyte activation, and in associated hematological malignancies.
Reports
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
American Medical Association.Proceedings of the Fifty-fifth Annual Session, held at Atlantic City, N. J., June 7-10, 1904.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The association of epithelial expression of hENT1 and survival from adjuvant gemcitabine in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Authors: Daniel John Renouf, Joanna Karasinska, Steve Kalloger, Setareh Samimi, Renata Peixoto, Kate O'Connor, David Schaeffer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15216 Background: Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) mediates the cellular uptake of gemcitabine (GEM). Low tumour hENT1 expression has been associated with reduced survival from GEM in some studies. We analyzed the prognostic effect of hENT1 expression in a cohort of PDAC patients (pts) who underwent surgical resection. Methods: A tissue microarray (TMA) composed of duplicate cores from 260 resected PDAC samples was constructed from all available cases derived from the archives of Vancouver General Hospital, Canada, between the years 1988 - 2013. TMA sections (4 µm) were stained with an antibody for hENT1 (SP120- Spring Biosciences) and scored using a four-tiered scoring system (negative, weak, moderate and strong staining). The expression of hENT1 in the epithelial component of PDAC was quantified and pt samples were divided into low (negative and weak staining) and high (moderate and strong staining) hENT1-expressing groups. Treatment and survival data were collected. Survival differences were quantified with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank statistic. Results: Treatment and survival data was available for 247 pts, with a median age of 66.6 yrs. Our cohort included pts who received no adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) (n = 171) or GEM (n = 57). Pts treated with other regimens (N = 19) were excluded. There was no difference in age or node positivity by hENT expression. There was no significant difference in the median overall survival (mOS) between pts with low (12.6 months, N = 156) and high hENT1 expression (15.3 months, N = 15) in the absence of adjuvant CT. GEM-treated patients with low hENT1 expression (N = 49) had a mOS of 21.0 months, and mOS was not reached in the group of pts with high hENT1 expression (N = 8) who received GEM, with 2 deaths at the 24.8 month time point and 6 censored (p = 0.044). Pts who received GEM had an increased mOS (24.8 months) compared to pts who did not receive adjuvant CT (14.1 months) regardless of hENT1 expression (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Consistent with data from ESPAC-3, in our analysis adjuvant GEM was associated with increased OS in PDAC pts with high epithelial hENT1 expression (using the SP120 antibody) compared to pts with low hENT1 expression.
Workers Compensation in the United States: High Costs, Low Benefits
Authors: L. I. Boden
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1995)

Studies suggest that income replacement is low for many workers with serious occupational injuries and illnesses. This review discusses three areas that hold promise for raising benefits to workers while reducing workers' compensation costs to employers: improving safety, containing medical costs, and reducing litigation. In theory, workers' compensation increases the costs to employers of injuries and so provides incentives to improve safety. Yet, taken as a whole, research does not provide convincing evidence that workers' compensation reduces injury rates. Moreover, unlike safety and health regulation, workers' compensation focuses the attention of employers on individual workers. High costs may lead employers to discourage claims and litigate when claims are filed. Controlling medical costs can reduce workers' compensation costs. Most studies, however, have focused on costs and have not addressed the effectiveness of medical care or patient satisfaction. Research also has shown that workers' compensation systems can reduce the need for litigation. Without litigation, benefits can be delivered more quickly and at lower costs.
Pediatric Hematology
Authors: David G. Nathan
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Clearly written, with only a small amount of medical jargon, and carefully referenced, this textbook will be welcome by students, house officers, postgraduate fellows, and physicians in practice. The references, which are well chosen, are particularly useful and extend the value of the book well beyond that of the usual single-authored text which often substitutes author opinion for literature. However, oversimplification is often the price of brevity and there are areas in Mauer's book which are oversimplified. For example, the chapter on isoimmune hemolytic anemia contains indications for exchange transfusion, one of which is anemia of less than 10 gm, but the author does not make clear that babies easily tolerate much more severe degrees of anemia. It is a rapid decline of hemoglobin rather than a given hemoglobin concentration which serves as the indication for exchange transfusion. The section on intrauterine transfusion contains adequate detail, and is very clear.