tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrasonic evaluation of pararenal masses
Authors: R. J. Bartrum
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The ease of performing ultrasonic examination and its noninvasive nature make it especially useful in seriously ill patients. We present 12 patients with lesions that can be identified by ultrasound, along with a discussion of the differential diagnosis. Ultrasonically guided percutaneous aspiration biopsy can confirm the diagnosis in selected patients. (<i>JAMA</i>231:51-55, 1975)
TUBERCULAR PERITONITIS.
Authors: BYRON ROBINSON
Journal: JAMA (1896)

At this time experiments are rife in every direction. Even the laity demand cause and effect and ask the question: "What is the practical effect of trial?" Peritoneal tuberculosis has interested me for years, and of late the apparent cure by abdominal incision and drainage. After considerable observation for the past eight years in tubercular peritonitis, I must say that the so-called surgical therapeutics lack an essential base of explanation. I have posted about twenty cases of tubercular peritonitis, operated on some eight to ten patients and made some careful observations on three cases in Professor Senn's clinic, having therefore over thirty cases of quite careful observation. To be short, in regard to the cases of abdominal section to relieve peritoneal tuberculosis, I will say that all recovered, except the sixth case, after the operation, and became so well that they left the hospital and passed into the unknown field
单一典型的毛发镜检特征可预测头癣
Authors: F. Dhaille, A.‐S. Dillies, F. Dessirier, P. Reygagne, M. Diouf, T. Balthazard, F. Lombart, V. Hébert, M. Chopinnaud, L. Verneuil, C. Becquart, E. Delaporte, C. Lok, G. Chaby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

这项研究是在法国的四所大学医院进行,旨在评估该技术(毛发镜检)在诊断头癣,也称为头皮癣方面的有用性。 头癣是真菌感染头皮毛发和周围皮肤的一种疾病。真菌是可以生活在头发、指甲和皮肤表层的显微镜下微生物。它在儿童中常见,主要治疗方法是口服抗真菌药。 目前,头癣可通过头发培养(采集样本并在实验室中生长真菌)或遗传分析诊断。 毛发镜检是使用称为皮肤镜的手持式放大镜进行显微镜检查的一种形式,使用放大镜可以让受过培训的人员看到头发生长和形状的细微差别。 本研究是由皮肤病学实习生与一位专家评估人员一起进行的,他们还对患者进行了检查。结果发现,毛发镜检显示受感染头发中有许多可见的变化,且各自可根据特定的可识别特征来命名,例如,开瓶器头发或莫尔斯电码头发。发现这些变化中仅有一种是感染的准确预测指标,后续得到实验室证实。 这些结果表明,这种简单的观察技术可用于准确诊断头癣。此外,一些可见的变化是特定真菌所特有的。这有助于皮肤科医生选择正确的抗真菌药物治疗方法,这些治疗方法对于不同微生物而言各不相同。
Leads from the MMWR. Outbreaks of respiratory illness among employees in large office buildings
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outbreaks of <i>Salmonella</i> Serotype Enteritidis Infection Associated With Eating Shell Eggs—United States, 1999-2001
Journal: JAMA (2003)

A Salmonella serotype Enteritidis (SE) epidemic emerged in the 1980s, when increasing numbers of infections were detected in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. In the early 1990s, while SE rates in the Northeast began to decline, the SE epidemic expanded to the Pacific region. Nationwide, the number of SE isolates reported to CDC peaked at 3.8 per 100,000 population in 1995. Although rates of culture-confirmed SE infection reported to CDC declined to 1.9 by 1999 (Figure 1), rates did not decline further through 2001, and outbreaks continue to occur. Investigations of outbreaks and sporadic cases have indicated repeatedly that, when a food vehicle is identified, the most common sources of SE infection are undercooked and raw shell eggs. This report describes two SE outbreaks associated with eating shell eggs and underscores the need to strengthen SE-control measures.
Influence of Temperature on Tolerance of the Small Bowel to Arterial Occlusion
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathologic and Physiologic Studies of Welders' Siderosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Instructions to Authors
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

Circulation Research accepts for publication manuscripts that present the results of significant research on the cardiovascular and renal systems.First priority is given to unpublished research that provides better understanding of mechanisms that influence normal or abnormal cardiovascular-renal function.The research may be in the field of biology, biochemistry, biophysics, clinical medicine, genetics, immunology, morphology, pathology, pharmacology, physiology, or theoretic biology-or it may be interdisciplinary.Lower priority is given to reports that merely confirm published work, that present a new method or modification of an existing method without applying it to a biologic problem, or that are preliminary or incomplete.Since the number of papers that can be published each year is limited, only manuscripts that receive a relatively high priority can be accepted for publication.One complete long manuscript is preferred to several fragmented, interdependent manuscripts.
Surgical Masks vs N95 Respirators for Preventing Influenza
Authors: Yaron Finkelstein
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis of hepatocytes exposed to acute ethanol intoxication
Authors: I Kurose
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The present study was designed to investigate whether acute ethanol intoxication increases the production of active oxidants, and subsequently promotes apoptosis of hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated from male Wistar rats, and cultured in the presence or absence of ethanol. The fluorescence in situ nick end labeling method and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system to quantify fragmented DNA were used to estimate apoptotic change in hepatocytes. Nuclear morphological alterations and membrane barrier dysfunction of hepatocytes were assessed by staining with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide (PI). Intracellular glutathione level was determined as the fluorescence of monochlorobimane (MCLB), which forms conjugate with glutathione to become fluorescent. Ethanol (100 mmol/L) increased the amount of fragmented DNA and the number of apoptotic hepatocytes in vivo as well as in vitro. These ethanol-induced alterations in hepatocytes were attenuated by simultaneous incubation with either 4-methylpyrazole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, or dimethylthiourea, an intracellular oxidant scavenger. Diethyl maleic acid (DMA), a glutathione depletor, enhanced the induction of apoptotic change, and decreased membrane barrier function in ethanol-treated hepatocytes, whereas ethanol per se did not increase the number of PI-positive hepatocytes. Furthermore, combination of ethanol and DMA but not ethanol alone decreased the hepatocyte MCLB fluorescence. Taken together, the present study suggests that active oxidants produced during ethanol metabolism mediate fragmentation of DNA in hepatocytes, and that intracellular antioxidants such as glutathione play a critical role in the cytoprotective mechanisms of hepatocyte against lethal cell death, ie, apoptosis, induced by ethanol.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Henry Forbush Howe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Born in 1905 at Cohasset, Massachusetts, the son of Dr. Oliver H. Howe, a distinguished local physician, Henry graduated from Yale University in 1926 and from Harvard Medical School in 1930. Upon completion of internships at Boston City Hospital and residency training at Massachusetts General Hospital, he joined his father at Cohasset in the general practice of medicine.Early in his career he acquired an abiding interest in occupational medicine, and in 1940 he accepted an opportunity to serve as plant physician for the Proctor and Gamble Manufacturing Company at Quincy, Massachusetts. The part-time nature of this assignment permitted him . . .
检测手部湿疹严重程度指数
Authors: J.A.F. Oosterhaven, M.L.A. Schuttelaar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

手部湿疹是手部皮肤的炎症,可引起皮肤瘙痒或发生疼痛性裂纹。它是一种常见的皮肤病,大约每十个人中就有一人受累。 手部湿疹严重程度指数 (HECSI) 是一种广泛使用的评分系统,用于测量一个人的手部湿疹的严重程度。其给出的评分范围为 0‐360,但目前尚不清楚这些评分究竟意味着什么,也不清楚当手部湿疹的严重程度发生变化时,仪器是否可以检测出变化。 来自荷兰的研究人员对此进行了研究。他们用 HECSI 对 294 例手部湿疹患者的手部进行评分,同时将手部与显示不同阶段手部湿疹严重程度的照片进行比较。4‐12 周后,他们再次进行了该过程。 研究人员发现,根据照片,HECSI 评分会随着手部湿疹的变化而改善和恶化。这意味着 HECSI 能够识别手部湿疹严重程度的变化。 他们还发现,以下 HECSI 评分与严重程度图片的对应阶段相符合:清除,0;几乎清除,1‐16;中度,17‐37;重度,38‐116;极重度,≥117。 最后,研究人员发现,为了达到一个重要的、真实的改善,患者必须至少出现的最小改善为 HECSI 改善 41 分。通过这些评分,医生和研究人员可以更容易地在日常实践和手部湿疹患者的研究中使用 HECSI。 本摘要涉及研究:手部湿疹严重程度指数的反应性和可解释性
Genetic Counseling and Prevention of Birth Defects
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A synopsis of the state of the art of genetic screening and counseling examines indications for referring couples for counseling, the incidence of birth defects, the status of carrier screening programs, and the use of prenatal diagnosis in high risk mothers. Also discussed are screening of newborns, reproductive options for carriers, and the need for additional genetic counseling facilities. Recommendations are made for policy positions to be taken by the American Medical Association.
Successful Adenovirus-Mediated Wild-Type p53 Gene Transfer in Patients With Bladder Cancer by Intravesical Vector Instillation
Authors: J. Kuball
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To study safety, feasibility, and biologic activity of adenovirus-mediated p53 gene transfer in patients with bladder cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with histologically confirmed bladder cancer scheduled for cystectomy were treated on day 1 with a single intratumoral injection of SCH 58500 (rAd/p53) at cystoscopy at one dose level (7.5 × 1011 particles) or a single intravesical instillation of SCH 58500 with a transduction-enhancing agent (Big CHAP) at three dose levels (7.5 × 1011 to 7.5 × 1013 particles). Cystectomies were performed in 11 patients on day 3, and transgene expression, vector distribution, and biologic markers of transgene activity were assessed by molecular and immunohistochemical methods in tumors and normal bladder samples. RESULTS: Specific transgene expression was detected in tissues from seven of eight assessable patients treated with intravesical instillation of SCH 58500 but in none of three assessable patients treated with intratumoral injection of SCH 58500. Induction of RNA and protein expression of the p53 target gene p21/WAF1 was demonstrated in samples from patients treated with SCH 58500 instillation at higher dose levels. Distribution studies after intravesical instillation of SCH 58500 revealed both high transduction efficacy and vector penetration throughout the whole urothelium and into submucosal tumor cells. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed, and side effects were local and of transient nature. CONCLUSION: Intravesical instillation of SCH 58500 combined with a transduction-enhancing agent is safe, feasible, and biologically active in patients with bladder cancer. Studies to evaluate the clinical efficacy of this treatment in patients with localized high-risk bladder cancer are warranted.
Anxiety Hysteria. Modern Views on Some Neuroses.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Study of the Blood in Cancer with Special Reference to the Needs of the Tumour Clinic
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Applications of Radioactive Isotopes
Authors: John D. Reeves
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

Therapeutic Application of Radioactive IsotopesThe therapeutic application of radioactive isotopes is an art that requires fundamental understanding of the three sciences of physics, radiobiology and medicine. More than a few therapeutic mirages have been pursued for lack of understanding of established physical, radiobiologic or medical principle. Additional discipline in other sciences such as oncology, pathology, physiology, anatomy and surgical technics will add to the finesse of the art. Deficiency in any of these sciences will detract from the precision with which radioactive isotopes can be applied to the patient. Radioactive isotopes in themselves are no panacea for malignant or . . .
Chlorid of Lime in Sanitation.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE SELF-ADVERTISING PRACTITIONER.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Too Many Councils and Committees
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal