tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nitrous Acid on Lung Function in Asthmatics: A Chamber Study
Authors: William S. Beckett, Mark B. Russi, Alan D. Haber, Robin M. Rivkin, James R. Sullivan, Zeynep Tameroglu, Vahid Mohsenin, Brian P. Leaderer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Nitrous acid, a component of photochemical smog and a common indoor air pollutant, may reach levels of 100 ppb where gas stoves and unvented portable kerosene heaters are used. Nitrous acid is a primary product of combustion and may also be a secondary product by reaction of nitrogen dioxide with water. Because the usual assays for nitrogen dioxide measure several oxides of nitrogen (including nitrous acid) together, previous studies of indoor nitrogen dioxide may have included exposure to and health effects of nitrous acid. To assess the respiratory effects of nitrous acid exposure alone, we carried out a double-blinded crossover chamber exposure study with 11 mildly asthmatic adult subjects. Each underwent 3-hr exposures to 650 ppb nitrous acid and to filtered room air with three 20-min periods of moderate cycle exercise. Symptoms, respiratory parameters during exercise, and spirometry after exercise were measured. A statistically significant decrease in forced vital capacity was seen on days when subjects were exposed to nitrous acid. This effect was most marked at 25 min and 85 min after exposure began. Aggregate respiratory and mucous membrane symptoms were also significantly higher with nitrous acid. We conclude that this concentration and duration of exposure to nitrous acid alters lung mechanics slightly, does not induce significant airflow obstruction, and produces mild irritant symptoms in asthmatics.
ABNORMAL MENSTRUATION
Authors: W. S. Oke
Journal: BMJ (1853)

Tuss disease for the most part occurs in unmarried females, at any time from puberty to about the age of twenty-eight.It generally arises from want of the open air and exercise: hence, it is more frequently met with in domestics em- ployed in close apartments, and in persons constantly seated at needlework.It is rarely observed in married women.
Literature
Authors: Tony Miksanek
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4420: Small-molecule inhibition of Wee1 kinase by AZD1775 selectively sensitizes human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer to DNA-damaging therapies
Authors: Osamu Kobayashi, Yuji Ikeda, Yuki Okuma, Nobuki Hayashi, Takahiro Nakajima, Mikiko Asai-Sato, Kei Kawana
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Objective: Wee1 regulate G2-M checkpoint of cell-cycle Inhibition of Wee1 promotes cell mitosis without DNA repair in cases with TP53 deficiency Since human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 involves the inactivation of p53, we aimed to evaluate effects of Wee1 inhibitor on cervical cancer. Material and Methods: Expression level of Wee1 in cervical cancer was evaluated using Oncomine Cervical cancer cell lines, Caski (HPV16+), SiHa (HPV16+) and C33A (HPV-, P53 mut) and LNCap (HPV-, P53 wt, prostate cancer) were used. After exposure to either Wee1 inhibitor (AZD1775), cisplatin, or both, cell surviving rate was evaluated by MTT assay and expression levels of Wee1 and cell cycle related proteins were evaluated by western blotting cell cycle status in cell lines were observed by flow cytometry. Results: High expression of Wee1 in cervical cancer was clinically observed among ten cancer species. Stepwise treatment of AZD1775 promoted significant cell death induction, compared with exposure to cisplatin alone in HPV-positive cells (Caski and Siha); however no effect on cell death in HPV-negative cells (C33A and LNCap). In addition, expression level of pCDC2 was reduced after exposure to AZD1775, indicating induction of cell mitosis without DNA repair. Conclusion: Our results indicate the therapeutic potential of cervical cancer treatment by Wee1 inhibition. Synergistic effect of Wee1 inhibition with conventional treatments (CCRT or chemotherapy) may be a new strategy to improve the prognosis in cervical cancer. Citation Format: Osamu Kobayashi, Yuji Ikeda, Yuki Okuma, Nobuki Hayashi, Takahiro Nakajima, Mikiko Asai-Sato, Kei Kawana. Small-molecule inhibition of Wee1 kinase by AZD1775 selectively sensitizes human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer to DNA-damaging therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4420.
Questions and Answers
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE ORCHESTRA LEADER
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Importance of cytochrome P-450IIIA activity in determining dosage and blood levels of FK 506 and cyclosporine in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Y Cakaloglu
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

We have investigated the importance of cytochrome P-450IIIA enzyme activity in influencing dosage of the immunosuppressive drugs FK 506 and cyclosporine after liver transplantation. Cytochrome P-450IIIA enzyme activity in vivo was measured 1 yr postoperatively in 37 stable orthotopic liver graft recipients (21 receiving FK 506 and 16 given cyclosporine) by the erythromycin breath test and the production of monoethylglycinexylidide from lignocaine. A strong correlation existed between FK 506 dose and erythromycin breath test results (r=0.583, p<0.007), but no corresponding relationship with monoethylglycinexylidide production was observed. The FK 506 dose (14 to 196 μg/kg/day) also correlated closely with circulating predose levels of the drug in both plasma and blood (r=0.538 and 0.731, p=0.015 and<0.001, respectively). Although no correlation existed between cyclosporine dose (0.254 to 0.494 mg/kg/day) and trough blood levels, a relationship was demonstrated when erythromycin breath test results were included in the derived equation: Drug dose/cytochrome P-450IIIA activity ∝ drug level (p=0.011 vs. 0.175 without erythromycin breath test). A corresponding enhancement was demonstrated with erythromycin breath test results to relate FK 506 dose and plasma levels (p=0.006 versus 0.015 without erythromycin breath test results), although breath test results and FK 506 levels were highly discordant (p>0.8). The use of monoethylglycinexylidide test results as an alternative measure of cytochrome P-450IIIA activity provided no comparable increase in correlation for FK 506 or cyclosporine. Dissimilar dependencies on blood flow and gender may underlie the contrasting predictive value of the monoethylglycinexylidide and erythromycin breath test results, but the latter may be valuable in predicting FK 506 dosage in organ graft recipients and in relating cyclosporine dose and blood levels. (Hepatology 1994;20:309–316.)
Intradermal immunization with human diploid cell rabies vaccine. Serological and clinical responses of persons with and without prior vaccination with duck embryo vaccine
Authors: M. J. Burridge
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Intradermal administration of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (HDCV) was investigated in an attempt to reduce the current high cost of preexposure rabies prophylaxis. The study population consisted of 240 volunteers from a veterinary hospital, 165 of whom had prior vaccination with duck embryo rabies vaccine (DEV). Vaccine safety was good; only minor reactions were experienced, all of which resolved spontaneously. Serological responses to intradermal HDCV were excellent; 209 (99.5%) of the 210 persons who completed the study produced rabies antibody titers of 0.50 IU/mL or greater (range, 0.50 to 40.00 IU/mL). Two 0.1-mL doses of HDCV given intradermally 28 days apart provide a safe, effective, and economical method for human preexposure prophylaxis against rabies, irrespective of the previous DEV vaccination history of the recipient. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:1611-1614)
Deaths Resulting From Residential Fires and the Prevalence of Smoke Alarms--United States, 1991-1995
Journal: JAMA (1998)

In 1995, residential fires accounted for an estimated 3600 deaths and approximately 18,600 injuries. In addition, property damage and other direct costs have been estimated to exceed more than $4 billion annually. To determine residential fire-related death rates, CDC analyzed death certificate data from 1991 to 1995 from U.S. vital statistics mortality tapes. Data from CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) was used to determine the prevalence of smoke alarms in U.S. households. This report presents the findings of these analyses, which indicate a seasonal variation in fire-related deaths and a high prevalence of smoke alarms in residences in the United States.
Sexology
Authors: Domeena C. Renshaw
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Child sexual abuse is not new, but the attention being directed toward the problem is. Since early 1984, child sexual abuse has been under searchlights, with front page headlines in both the lay press and<i>American Medical News</i>(Oct 26, 1984; Jan 11, 1985; and March 22, 1985). The focus of the media coverage has shifted during the past year from criticism of physicians for not recognizing or reporting child sexual abuse to recognition that physicians have improved their ability to diagnose and to intervene in these cases. Many reasons have been given for physicians' failure to detect child sexual abuse. These include the lack of "hard" physical evidence of abuse, a belief that sexual abuse does not exist, a fear of antagonizing parents, and an ignorance of how to obtain a detailed sexual history from a child. Since most parents accompany their children into the examining room, it is
Seventh Summer Program in Methods of Immunologic Research and Diagnosis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Seventh Summer Program in Methods of Immunologic Research and Diagnosis Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 65, Issue 6, December 1980, Page 1351, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/65.6.1351-d Published: 01 December 1980
The changing epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infections and the emergence of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome. A retrospective population-based study
Authors: C. W. Hoge
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine disease incidence and changes in the epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infections in a community in Arizona. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —We retrospectively surveyed microbiology records from all 10 hospitals in Pima County, Arizona, to identify patients who had<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>isolated from blood, sterile body fluid, or tissue biopsy specimens between April 1985 and March 1990. Demographic and clinical information was abstracted from the medical records of these patients. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 128 patients with a median age of 53.5 years (range, 6 months to 96 years). <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Racial/ethnic differences in disease incidence; mortality and changes in the clinical spectrum of disease over the study period. <h3>Results.</h3> —The annual age-adjusted incidence was 4.3 per 100 000 but was 46.0 per 100000 among Native Americans. Advanced age, age less than 5 years, hypotension, and multi-organ system involvement were significantly associated with increased mortality. From 1985 to 1990, the proportion of infections with hypotension, rash, desquamation, renal impairment, and gastrointestinal involvement increased significantly (χ<sup>2</sup>for trend<i>P</i>≤.02 for each feature). A toxic shock—like syndrome occurred in 8% of infections since 1988, compared with none of the infections between 1985 and 1987 (<i>P</i>=.04). Patients with the syndrome were younger than patients with other invasive infections (median age 15 vs 54 years,<i>P</i>=.02), and were less likely to have underlying medical conditions (<i>P</i>=.008). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Significant changes occurred in the spectrum of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Pima County, Arizona, between 1985 and 1990. Native Americans were at increased risk of acquiring these infections. Patients with the streptococcal toxic shock—like syndrome had epidemiologic features that distinguished them from patients with other invasive infections, including younger age and less underlying illness. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:384-389)
THE DANGERS IN COMPETITIVE COLLEGE ATHLETICS.
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Miscellanea Medica
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparing outcomes of care before and after implementation of the DRG-based prospective payment system
Authors: K L Kahn, E B Keeler, M J Sherwood, W H Rogers, D Draper, S S Bentow, E J Reinisch, L V Rubenstein, J Kosecoff, R H Brook
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We compared patient outcomes before and after the introduction of the diagnosis related groups (DRG)-based prospective payment system (PPS) in a nationally representative sample of 14 012 Medicare patients hospitalized in 1981 through 1982 and 1985 through 1986 with one of five diseases. For the five diseases combined, length of stay dropped 24% and in-hospital mortality declined from 16.1% to 12.6% after the PPS was introduced (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). Thirty-day mortality adjusted for sickness at admission was 1.1% lower than before (16.5% pre-PPS, 15.4% post-PPS;<i>P</i>&lt;.05), and 180-day adjusted mortality was essentially unchanged at 29.6% pre- vs 29.0% post-PPS (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). For patients admitted to the hospital from home, 4% more patients were not discharged home post-PPS than pre-PPS (<i>P</i>&lt;.05), and an additional 1% of patients had prolonged nursing home stays (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). The introduction of the PPS was not associated with a worsening of outcome for hospitalized Medicare patients. However, because our post-PPS data are from 1985 and 1986, we recommend that clinical monitoring be maintained to ensure that changes in prospective payment do not negatively affect patient outcome. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1984-1988)
Laparoscopic nephrectomy.
Authors: K Kerbl, R V Clayman, E M McDougall, L R Kavoussi
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Since the first clinical operation in June 1990 laparoscopic nephrectomy for benign renal disease has become widely accepted. Although the laparoscopic operation takes much longer than open surgery, there are considerable reductions in the length of postoperative hospital stay and the time taken to return to normal activities and to full recovery. Major complications were relatively common in early operations, but with more experience morbidity has been reduced. Laparoscopic nephrectomy for malignant renal disease is still controversial, largely because of the fear of release of malignant tissue into the abdominal cavity during the morcellation and retrieval of the diseased kidney. To prevent this, the kidney is removed intact through a 5-7 cm incision. Long term follow up is needed, however, before we will know whether the laparoscopic procedure is effective in preventing recurrence of cancer. New developments have improved various technical aspects of the operation, but stringent assessment of new techniques is necessary so that the medical community can decide which procedures should become routine practice.
US Infant Mortality Decreases but Still Ranks High Worldwide
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Response
Authors: S. SHAPIRO
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

ticularly when their physicians encourage it {W,ll).Cost-effectiveness studies that compare sigmoidoscopy with other approaches to screening have been conducted (12,13).These analyses have not, however, examined the costlowering impact of extending the interval between examinations for average-risk patients to 5 years or longer, an interval that is compatible with the results of the larger of the two studies of efficacy (7).It is also likely that current guidelines for the work-up and surveillance of persons found to have tiny adenomas at sigmoidoscopy should be revised to reduce the number of colonoscopies performed (14).Costs could be lowered further by the organization of sigmoidoscopy screening in efficient screening units and by the training of nonphysician examiners.A carefully conducted cost-effectiveness analysis incorporating these issues is needed.Once these issues have been resolved, and provided that the costeffectiveness of sigmoidoscopy then compares favorably with that of cancer screening tests now endorsed (such as mammography and Pap smear), we believe that expansion of the use of screening sigmoidoscopy should be encouraged without waiting for the results of the randomized trial.