tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Austin, Texas, diphtheria outbreak. Clinical and epidemiological aspects
Authors: V. M. Zalma
Journal: JAMA (1970)

During a 19-month period, October 1967 through April 1969, an outbreak of 88 cases of diphtheria occurred in Austin, Tex. Most of the cases were considered mild, and the severe illness, including three deaths, affected only poorly immunized persons. In spite of a mass immunization campaign at the height of the epidemic, cases continued to occur. The outbreak probably began from endemic foci; incomplete immunizations, lack of immunizations, crowding, and poor environmental and personal hygiene probably contributed to the spread of the disease. The evidence suggests that a level of immunization above 90% for all age groups could prevent community-wide diphtheria.
From the Health Care Financing Administration
Authors: William L. Roper
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Should patients be able to pay top-up fees to receive the treatment they want? No
Authors: Karen Bloor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Decisions not to fund some treatments under the NHS have been vigorously contested. <b>James Gubb </b>(doi: 10.1136/bmj.39563.453183.AD) argues that patients should be able to buy such treatments privately, but <b>Karen Bloor </b>believes this will undermine the whole health system
Predictive value of NT-proBNP in 118 patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary angioplasty Franz S. G. Hartmann, Volkhart Kurowski, Ali Maghsoudi, Hendrik Bonnemeier, Thomas Kurz, Hugo A. Katus, Gert Richardt. Medizinische Klinik II, UK Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Virtual colonoscopy an alternative to fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening?
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

memo to the media Virtual colonoscopy an alternative to fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening?Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in the world, with population screening being recommended for early disease detection, however, the most optimal method to screen for the disease remains unknown.In order to compare different screening methods for colorectal cancer, Lapo Sali,
Environmental exposures in cytogenetically defined subsets of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia
Authors: M. M. Crane
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Three previous investigations have reported a relationship between clonal chromosome abnormalities in marrow of patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and employment in occupations involving mutagenic chemicals, but the effects of other exposures were not described. Environmental exposure profiles, gathered by questionnaire, were therefore compared using a case-control study design in 235 newly diagnosed patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: 126 with abnormal and 109 with normal karyotypes. The univariate odds ratio for occupation at diagnosis was 4.6, which, when adjusted for demographic and other exposures by logistic regression, was reduced to 2.5 (95% confidence interval, 0.5 to 12.8). Adjusted point estimates for other exposures were 4.3 (1.4 to 13.3) for prior cytotoxic therapy, 1.7 (0.9 to 3.1) for cigarette smoking, and 1.9 (1.0 to 3.4) for alcohol use. Dose-response relationships were present for both tobacco and alcohol consumption. Associations between specific abnormalities (plus8, -7/-7Q, inv16, t[8;21]) and certain exposures were also present. These results suggest that life-style exposures may be associated with cytogenetic lesions in persons with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:634-639)
Abstract 1321: TPX-0022, a polypharmacology inhibitor of MET/CSF1R/SRC for treatment of cancers with abnormal HGF/MET signaling
Authors: Dayong Zhai, Evan Rogers, Wei Deng, Xin Zhang, Dong Lee, Jane Ung, Han Zhang, Jing Liu, Yuelie Lu, John Huang, Armin Graber, Zach Zimmerman, John Lim, Jeffrey Whitten, J. Jean Cui
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Aberrant activation of the HGF/MET pathway has frequently been found in human cancers via MET mutation, gene amplification and translocation, as well as HGF paracrine or autocrine upregulation. The abnormal HGF/MET signaling not only acts as an oncogenic driver but also confers resistance to many cancer therapies, such as EGFR targeted therapy in NSCLC. One key downstream effector for activated MET is SRC, which is also involved in malignancy formation, tumor metastasis and drug resistance. In the tumor microenvironment, CSF1R plays an important role in regulation of tumor associated macrophages, which promote tumor progression and angiogenesis. Therefore, the polypharmacological inhibition of MET/SRC/CSF1R has great potential for more effectively targeting cancers with abnormal HGF/MET signaling via targeting both tumor intrinsic signaling and the tumor microenvironment. TPX-0022, a novel macrocyclic compound, has been designed and optimized to inhibit MET/CSF1R/SRC with enzymatic kinase inhibition IC50s of 0.14, 0.76 and 0.12 nM, respectively. TPX-0022 potently inhibited cell proliferation of the MET-amplified MKN-45 and SNU-5 gastric cancer cells, with IC50s &amp;lt;0.2 nM, which ranked TPX-0022 as one of the most potent MET inhibitors. TPX-0022 caused suppression of MET auto-phosphorylation at an IC50 of approximately 0.3 nM in MKN-45 cell line. TPX-0022 also potently inhibited the phosphorylation of MET downstream signaling effectors, including AKT, ERK, STAT3 and PLCγ2 in a dose-dependent manner. In the cancer cell line- and patient-derived xenograft tumor models from gastric, lung and liver cancers harboring MET amplification or MET exon14 skipping mutations, TPX-0022 caused dramatic tumor regression and tumor growth inhibition, without overt abnormality and body weight loss in treated mice. Furthermore, the tumor inhibitory effect was associated with drastic inhibition of MET activity. Overall, TPX-0022 is a novel and potent MET inhibitor and has demonstrated desirable drug-like properties, a good preclinical safety profiles, that warrants further clinical development and an IND submission is currently planned. Citation Format: Dayong Zhai, Evan Rogers, Wei Deng, Xin Zhang, Dong Lee, Jane Ung, Han Zhang, Jing Liu, Yuelie Lu, John Huang, Armin Graber, Zach Zimmerman, John Lim, Jeffrey Whitten, J. Jean Cui. TPX-0022, a polypharmacology inhibitor of MET/CSF1R/SRC for treatment of cancers with abnormal HGF/MET signaling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1321.
HOSPITAL-EMPLOYEE HEALTH
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABC of antithrombotic therapy: Venous thromboembolism: treatment strategies
Journal: BMJ (2003)

paramount to the success of such a clinic as it needs to provide training and guidance on near patient testing technique, quality assurance, and health and safety issues.In a study by Fitzmaurice, et al (2000), INR therapeutic range analyses as point prevalence, proportion of tests in range, number of serious adverse events, and proportion of time in range all compared well with the hospital control patients.However, the proportion of time spent in the INR range showed substantial improvement for patients in the intervention group.Computer assisted dosing aids interpretation of results, although it can be over-ridden if the suggestion made is not clinically indicated.For an effective and reliable service it is essential to ensure formal training and quality assurance procedures for near patient testing at the initial stages of the clinic development.This model of care gives an immediately available result, and, with close liaison with a hospital laboratory, it offers patients a complete model of care that would be a useful alternative to traditional care.Another primary care model that has had limited evaluation is that of anticoagulant clinics that are managed by scientists and pharmacists.These specialist healthcare professionals make use of their expertise in coagulation and pharmacology respectively.Secondary care anticoagulant clinics run by scientists and pharmacists have existed in the United Kingdom since 1979, and in terms of INR control they perform as well as clinics run by pathologists.Patients also prefer general practice management and welcome reduced waiting times and travelling costs.Improved patient understanding may also occur, which can help compliance.Further clinics managed by scientists or pharmacists, or both, are currently being evaluated.
Bromocriptine and uterine neoplasia.
Journal: BMJ (1977)

ipecacuanha (mean time to Voomit, 17 min) and a further 20% vomited after the second dose of the syrup (mean time to vomit, 36 min after first dose), making a total response of 960,, in this group.There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients vomit- ing between the 15-and 30-ml dose groups.Our results indicate that syrup of ipecacuanha is indeed an effectivxe treatment for poisoning in adults and must be regarded as a useful and often more convenient and safer alternative to gastric lavage.It should, how- ever, be emphasised that ipecacuanha syrup is contraindicated for comatose patients and also for those patients who have ingested corrosive substances or petroleum distillates.
The doctor as scapegoat. A study in ambivalence
Authors: N. Y. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Once a hero—now a scapegoat. Thus we can summarize the dramatically changing image of the physician in both life and literature during the past half century. But paradoxically, while medicine as a science has advanced so radically, the picture of the American doctor emerges from many American novels in an ambivalent role, that of healer and scapegoat. Social psychologists have documented democratic mistrust of hero figures and the need of American society to mockingly destroy the very heroes it has created; and the "fall" of the doctor from his pedestal is a disturbing reality frequently depicted in the modern American novel. The current Archetypal School of literary criticism maintains that literature is the unconscious product of the collective experience of all men and thus is intimately allied to man's cultural past and present. Basic is Jung's concept of the collective unconscious, expressed through recurrent and "primordial" archetypes of character, situation,
KERATOLYSIS OR "SKIN-SHEDDING."
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTIETH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL INVESTIGATION HELD IN WASHINGTON, D. C., APRIL 30, 1928
Authors: Charles Hoover, Karl Koessler, Francis Peabody
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1928)

Death has laid a heavy hand upon our Society in the past year, and we have lost three of our number who were constant participants in our programs and activities.
SCIDOT-04. REPLACEMENT OF MICROGLIA BY BRAIN-ENGRAFTED MACROPHAGES PREVENTS MEMORY DEFICITS AFTER THERAPEUTIC WHOLE-BRAIN IRRADIATION
Authors: Xi Feng, Sonali Gupta, David Chen, Zoe Boosalis, Sharon Liu, Nalin Gupta, Susanna Rosi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Microglia have a distinct origin compared to blood circulating myeloid cells. Under normal physiological conditions, microglia are maintained by self-renewal, independent of hematopoietic progenitors. Following genetic or pharmacologic depletion, newborn microglia derive from the local residual pool and quickly repopulate the entire brain. The depletion of brain resident microglia during therapeutic whole-brain irradiation fully prevents irradiation-induced synaptic loss and recognition memory deficits but the mechanisms driving these protective effects are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that after CSF-1R inhibitor-mediated microglia depletion and therapeutic whole-brain irradiation, circulating monocytes engraft into the brain and replace the microglia pool. These monocyte-derived brain-engrafted macrophages have reduced phagocytic activity compared to microglia from irradiated brains, but similar to locally repopulated microglia without brain irradiation. Transcriptome comparisons reveal that brain-engrafted macrophages have both monocyte and embryonic microglia signatures. These results suggest that monocyte-derived brain-engrafted macrophages represent a novel therapeutic avenue for the treatment of brain radiotherapy-induced cognitive deficits.
Impact of the Expanded AIDS Surveillance Case Definition on AIDS Case Reporting— United States, First Quarter, 1993
Journal: JAMA (1993)

On January 1, 1993, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance case definition for adolescents and adults was expanded beyond the surveillance definition published in 1987 (1) to include all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons with severe immunosuppression (< 200 CD4+ T-lymphocytes/microL or a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes of < 14), pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), recurrent pneumonia, or invasive cervical cancer. This report reviews AIDS surveillance reports CDC received from local, state, and territorial health departments during the first quarter of 1993 and summarizes the impact of the changes in the AIDS surveillance case definition.
Epidermal cell DNA content and intermediate filaments keratin 10 and vimentin after treatment of psoriasis with calcipotriol cream once daily, twice daily and in combination with clobetasone 17-butyrate cream or betamethasone 17-valerate cream: a comparative flow cytometric study
Authors: C.P. GLADE, P.E.J. ERP, P.C.M. KERKHOF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)
Partners of patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome: effect of CPAP treatment on sleep quality and quality of life
Authors: N McArdle, R Kingshott, H M Engleman, T W Mackay, N J Douglas
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND The sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) causes snoring, apnoeas, and restlessness during sleep which partners frequently complain about. A study was undertaken to determine the impact on partners of SAHS and of treatment of the patient with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). METHODS Forty nine partners and patients with SAHS booked for CPAP treatment completed in house and validated questionnaires (Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Short Form 36 self-reported health status) before the patient started treatment. Twenty three couples in whom the index SAHS patient had no driving problems were recruited to a randomised crossover trial with 1 month limbs of CPAP and placebo capsule. At the end of each limb the partners' sleep was monitored by home polysomnography (PSG) and questionnaires were completed. RESULTS Before treatment partners frequently reported moderate to severe disturbance from patient snoring/apnoeas/restlessness and had poor sleep quality and self-reported health status. In the crossover study (22 completed) the partners' objective sleep quality did not differ between CPAP and placebo, but they reported benefit from treatment of the patients with CPAP in subjective sleep quality (p=0.05) and disturbance to sleep (p=0.03). The reported change in partners' sleep quality between pre-study and following CPAP treatment correlated positively with CPAP use ( r =0.5, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Partners of patients with SAHS have poor sleep quality and self-reported health status but only subjective sleep quality benefits from treatment of the patient with CPAP.
Abstract 4672: WDR26 regulates an AKT-Gsk3-Wnt/b-catenin signaling cascade to maintain the breast cancer stem cell population and controls cancer metastasis
Authors: Dharmendra K. Bhargava, Wei Wang, Maddison Lensing, Songhai Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Cancer metastasis is the major cause of tumor mortality and has been attributed in part to the presence of a minority subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the bulk of tumor cells. We showed previously that WDR26, a scaffolding/adaptor protein that is highly upregulated in breast cancer, promotes breast cancer growth and metastasis. Here we show WDR26 was required for maintaining the CSC populations in breast cancer cells and the formation of lung metastases. Downregulation of WDR26 in breast cancer cells impaired the CSC-like activities and reduced the CSC population. Mammary gland-specific deletion of WDR26 in the MMTV-PyMT mouse model of breast cancer had a little effect on primary tumor formation but largely abolished spontaneous lung metastasis. WDR26 promoted β-catenin activation via AKT and GSK3, and the activity of AKT, GSK3 and β-catenin was required for maintaining the CSC population in breast cancer cells. Our results have identified a novel, WDR26-dependent pathway that links breast CSC activities to tumor metastatic potential. Citation Format: Dharmendra K. Bhargava, Wei Wang, Maddison Lensing, Songhai Chen. WDR26 regulates an AKT-Gsk3-Wnt/b-catenin signaling cascade to maintain the breast cancer stem cell population and controls cancer metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4672.
DIPG-33. NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACH FOR BRAINSTEM GLIOMA: INTRANASAL DELIVERY OF NANOLIPOSOMAL SN-38
Authors: Xingyao He, Nundia Louis, Hiroaki Katagi, Peng Zhang, Irina Balyasnikova, Craig Horbinski, Stewart Goldman, Rintaro Hashizume
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Children with diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) die within 2 years after initial diagnosis. The infiltrative nature and anatomic location of DIPGs preclude surgical resection, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) reduces the availability of systemically administered agents. New drug delivery approaches circumventing the BBB are greatly needed. Intranasal delivery (IND) is a practical, noninvasive method to deliver therapeutic agents into the brain along with the olfactory and trigeminal nerves pathway. With the advantages of reducing systemic side effects and convenient self-administration for patients, IND is an alternative to systemic and direct invasive drug deliveries. Human DIPG cell lines were treated with hydrophobic fluorophore (DiI)–labeled nanoparticle liposomes containing CPT-11 (LS-CPT-11) and SN-38 (LS-SN-38). Cell viability was determined by MTS assay and intracellular localization was imaged by confocal microscopy. In vivo toxicity was determined by administrating empty nanoliposomes (LS-empty), LS-CPT11 and LS-SN38 via IND and intravenous routes for 5 days, with body weights monitoring for 20 days. Mice bearing human brainstem gliomas were randomly assigned to 3 groups: LS-empty, LS-CPT-11, LS-SN-38, administrated IND for 3 weeks. Tumor growth and response to therapy were quantitatively measured by bioluminescence imaging, and efficacy was assessed by survival analysis. Intracellular DiI-fluorescence signal were detected at 30 minutes and peaked at 24 hours. LS-SN-38 showed greater inhibition than LS-CPT-11 of DIPG cell growth. Animals administrated by IND showed no effect on body weight. IND of LS-SN-38 showed significant reduction of the growth rate and prolongation of survival in compared to control group.
DIET AND HYPERTENSION IN RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal