tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Major Cross-Country Differences in Risk of Dying for People With IDDM
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective Little is known concerning global differences in the risk of premature death for individuals developing youth-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The Diabetes Epidemiology Research International Study was developed to examine the mortality patterns of four population-based cohorts of IDDM cases from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (n = 1000), Finland (n = 5146), Israel (n = 681), and Japan (n = 1428). Research Design and Methods All subjects were diagnosed as having diabetes, were &amp;lt;18 yr old at onset, were taking insulin at the time of hospital discharge, and were diagnosed between 1 January 1965 and 31 December 1979. The living status as of 1 January 1985 was determined. Results Overall, there were 182 deaths. Life-table analysis revealed that at 20-yr duration of diabetes, 5.5% of the cohort had died in Allegheny County in contrast to only 3.1% in Finland and 4.6% in Israel (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Follow-up for an additional 3 yr in the United States and Finland revealed major differences in the 30- to 39-yr age-group, with 3.9 times greater premature mortality in the U.S. cohort compared with the Finnish group (overall mortality 2.3 vs. 0.6%, respectively). The Japanese cohort was developed in a somewhat different manner than the other three; therefore, the populations of the U.S., Finland, and Israel were reconfigured to make them directly comparable to that of Japan. The Japanese cohort exhibited markedly higher age-adjusted mortality rates (n/100,000 person-yr of diabetes) than the other three (Japan 681, U.S. 230, Finland 171, and Israel 131). Conclusions These data indicate that young adult IDDM subjects are at an increased risk of premature death, there are differences in the mortality risk across countries, and both the U.S. and Japan have the major problem of an apparently excessive premature death rate among young people who have diabetes.
Abstract 1054: Systematic establishment of robustness and standards in xenograft experiments and analysis
Authors: Yvonne Evrard, Jeffrey H. Chuang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) models are a valuable model system for demonstrating clinical translatability in the preclinical testing of therapeutic agents. Large PDX collections such as the NCI PDXNet Consortium are a critical resource for assays of therapeutic efficacy. However, research groups vary in their procedures for experiments and assessments, limiting conclusions about the robustness of PDX results and their mapping to patient outcomes. To determine the sensitivity of PDX assays to different procedures, the PDXNet conducted a study of temozolomide drug response for PDX models derived from three patients, performed in replicate across four PDX Development and Trial Centers (PDTCs) with all sites blinded to the procedures and results of other groups. The three PDX models were chosen based on prior treatment experiments conducted by the NCI Patient Derived Models Repository that showed that one model was sensitive, one was resistant, and one had intermediate sensitivity. Each PDTC used their internally developed SOPs, which varied in their procedures for establishment of xenografts, treatment dosing and scheduling, time period of study, and response criteria. Additionally all groups followed internal sequencing procedures to generate one exome-seq and one RNA-seq per model. Drug responses were consistent across all five testing groups, with each group identically classifying the sensitive, resistant, and intermediate models. We also trained novel statistical classifiers for assessing sensitivity, resistance, and intermediate response on 105 retrospective cohorts of mice collected among the PDTCs. In addition, we compared and benchmarked exome-seq and RNA-seq analysis pipelines developed by each individual PDTC on synthetic test data. We assessed the robustness of sequencing assessement on PDX tumors by applying the optimized pipeline across the replicate samples generated across the separate PDTC groups. Overall, our results show that drug responses of PDX models are consistent and robust across different academic centers. We are developing standardized SOPs for experimental procedures, response measurement, statistical assessment of response, and sequence analysis based on these results. All SOPs will be released publicly through protocol descriptions and shared computational workflows within the NCI Cancer Genomics Cloud. We expect these PDXNet standards to improve the use of PDX and other in vivo models in advancing cancer precision medicine. Citation Format: The NCI PDXNet Consortium, Yvonne Evrard, Jeffrey H. Chuang. Systematic establishment of robustness and standards in xenograft experiments and analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1054.
Oxygen releasing factor in hyperthyroidism
Authors: W. W. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Two subjects with hyperthyroidism had increased release of oxygen from blood and elevated concentrations of red blood cell 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate. This organic phosphate can be established as the primary regulator of oxygen release from hemoglobin in this and in other clinical conditions with imbalance of oxygen supply and demand.
Iloprost Availability
Authors: R. Garth McBride
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 September 1994Iloprost AvailabilityR. Garth McBride, MDR. Garth McBride, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-5-199409010-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We are indebted to the patients and investigators who participated in the study of intravenous iloprost in the treatment of Raynaud phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis [1]. Although an intravenous form of iloprost is marketed in most European countries, Berlex Laboratories will not pursue further development of this form in the United States. The considerable additional development work needed to support approval for marketing this treatment in the United States will instead be devoted to developing the data necessary to support oral administration of iloprost.Reference1. Wigley FM, Wise RA, Seibold JR, McCloskey DA, Kujala G, Medsger TA, Jr, et al. Intravenous iloprost infusion in patients with Raynaud phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis. A multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:199-206. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byComprehensive Management Of Raynaud’S Syndrome 1 September 1994Volume 121, Issue 5Page: 389KeywordsOral administrationScleroderma Issue Published: 1 September 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Differential effects of cytokines on the inducible expression of cyp1a1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4 in human hepatocytes in primary culture*1
Authors: J MUNTANERELAT
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We have investigated the effect of cytokines, including interleukin-6 (11-6), interleukin-lα (II-lα), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), on the inducible expression of cytochrome P450s (CYP) CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4 in human hepatocytes in primary culture. The ability of these cultures to mimic the acute phase response when stimulated with cytokines was evaluated using immunoblotting to measure the production of albumin, ferritin, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin. The cytokines exhibited specific patterns of action on the production of these proteins. Albumin was depressed by all the cytokines. In contrast to 11-6 and II-lα, TNF-α reduced the production of fibrinogen and ceruloplasmin but stimulated the production of ferritin. When cells were treated with the CYP inducer alone, large increases in the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 by β-naphthoflavone and of CYP3A4 by rifampicin were observed at messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels, by ribonuclease protection and immunoblotting, respectively. When the cells were treated with the inducer plus cytokines, the induction of mRNA was greatly reduced. Again, specific patterns of action were revealed: 11-6 had the most potent effect on CYP3A4, whereas TNF-α was the most potent with CYP1A genes. In all cases, changes at the protein levels paralleled changes at the mRNA levels. In cells preinduced with β-naphthoflavone or rifampicin, the decay with time of the levels of the CYPIA2 or CYP3A4 proteins, after the removal of the inducer, was not affected by cytokines. We conclude that cytokines strongly repress the inducibility of CYP1As and CYP3A4 genes at a transcriptional or a posttranscriptional level, but affect neither the rate of translation of CYP mRNAs nor the rate of degradation of the CYP proteins in these cultures. (Hepatology 1995; 22: 1143–1153.)
Visions of Fancy, a poetical work
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coexpression of C-myc and transforming growth factor alfa in the liver promotes early replicative senescence and diminishes regenerative capacity after partial hepatectomy in transgenic mice
Authors: V Factor
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

We have recently shown that overexpression of c-myc and transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) in the liver of double-transgenic mice results in severe DNA damage, aberrant hepatic growth, and development of tumors at a much younger age than that observed in c-myc single- transgenic mice. We now report that double-transgenic TGF-α/c-myc hepatocytes rapidly lose their ability to proliferate upon mitogenic stimulation following partial hepatectomy (PH). At 4 weeks of age, the overall rate of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation following PH was comparable in c-myc and TGF-α/c-myc livers and exceeded that seen in wild-type (WT) mice. However, by 10 weeks of age, c-myc single- transgenic hepatocytes showed proliferative advantages over the WT cells, whereas TGF-α/c-myc double-transgenic hepatocytes had a decreased capacity to proliferate upon mitogenic stimulation. This decreased proliferative response was accompanied by a reduction in the total fraction of proliferating hepatocytes, as well as by a decline in the induction of cyclin A, cyclin B, and cdc2 gene expression. These data show that constitutive coexpression of c-myc and TGF-α accelerates age-related loss in the regenerative potential following PH, and suggest that early replicative senescence of differentiated hepatocytes may have a role in providing a selective growth advantage to initiated cell populations in this model.
Adult Influenzal Meningitis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Concerning Lombroso.
Authors: M. Bottom
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Breckenridge, Mo., February 20, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Having carefully read your editorial on "The Italian School of Criminal Anthropology," in theJournalof February 15. I can not resist the impulse to write you a few words of congratulation for your able and elaborate defense of Professor Lombroso and his modern science of criminology. The Italian professor, as the founder of the new science of criminal anthropology, has been severely criticised by many of our alienists and optimists of religion and science; but it was not surprising that the views he enunciated, relating to problems of no ordinary difficulty and complexity, should meet animadversion and strictures, even among our thoughtful men. You are doubtless correct in saying, "that much that is felt by excellent men on this subject is prejudice (if the word is not too severe) springing from a superficial knowledgeof the works of the Italians themselves and
Epilepsy
Authors: Bernard S. Chang, Daniel H. Lowenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Recent research on epilepsy has uncovered important and clinically relevant mechanisms of generalized and localized seizures, among which are inherited abnormalities of ion channels, hippocampal sclerosis, cortical malformations, and dysfunction of glial cells. This review highlights research findings that suggest possibilities for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.
POST-GRADUATE LECTURES AT HOME.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reduction of amphotericin B nephrotoxicity with mannitol
Authors: J. M. Rosch
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Amphotericin B in combination with mannitol was given to a patient who had mucocutaneous candidiasis and moderate renal insufficiency. Previously, amphotericin B alone had induced an abrupt increase in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, but when mannitol was given concurrently there was no worsening of renal function. Thus, amphotericin B with mannitol appears to offer a less nephrotoxic but equally candicidal therapeutic regimen in the renal compromised patient requiring parenteral candicidal therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>235:1995-1996, 1976)
Annals of Allergy, St. Paul
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrections. Etc
Authors: W Aspland, Harbour Grace, ; London, W Mr, Ghazi Dera, ; Anti-Quuck Khan, London Burnes, W Bulloch, H Borland, De Bireh, Messrs Blackwoud, London Sons, T Brown, F London, London Buloch, E Barnes, T Buwes, ] Seine, Bay Mr, Mr Brett, Brisbane Brockway, H Barnard, Mr Barling, Lancaster Charity, Organization Soiety, J Clarke, W Caie, Dublin Cannay, Mr Collins, Mr Childe, Mr Christy, E Colbeck, Mr Comber
Journal: BMJ (1903)
LAW &amp;amp; MEDICINE
Authors: Richard P. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Evidence for Critical Cardiac Care
Authors: J. M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Villous tumors of the lower part of the large bowel
Authors: R. F. Ramirez
Journal: JAMA (1965)

With the thought that many noninvasive villous tumors of the large bowel are amenable to conservative treatment (local excision, fulguration, and radium application), 205 cases were studied in which conservative treatment was advocated during the period 1950 through 1963. Conservative treatment was successful (1- to 12-year follow-up) in 98% of 194 cases (1% lost to followup). Examination of surgical specimens from 11 patients treated by radical operation showed that conservative treatment probably would have been adequate, since lesions were confined to the mucosa. Removal from below, either by surgical or thermal means, constitutes safe and adequate treatment for most noninvasive villous tumors of the lower portion of the bowel.
Autodestructive Syndromes
Authors: Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent, Herbert Fliege, Matthias Rose, Marc Walter, Gerhard Danzer, Burghard F. Klapp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The phenomenon ‘autodestructive behaviour’ is becoming an increasingly serious disease and cost factor in a wide range of medical fields. The present paper presents a survey of the literature on autodestructive behaviour, excluding psychotic, substance-induced or organic brain disorders. Starting out with a conceptual overview, the paper goes on to look into the epidemiology of autodestructive behaviour and the forms in which it manifests itself. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt; A literature search was conducted in Medline, Psycinfo and Psyndex using the search terms ‘artifact’, ‘artificially induced’, ‘autodestructive’, ‘self-mutilation’, ‘factitious’, ‘self-harm’, ‘self-induced’, ‘self-inflicted’, ‘self-injuring’ and ‘self-mutilation’ for the period from 1977 to 2003. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Five of a total of 18 empirical studies describe the simultaneous occurrence of direct and indirect forms of autodestructive behaviour. Reported prevalence rates range from 0.032% to 9.36%. The ratio of females to males was found to be 2:1 (average age: 31.5 years; SD: 9.3 years); in contrast, the gender ratio was reversed for Munchausen’s syndrome. The case history data presented are patchy and differ in terms of their priorities. We found a large number of codiagnoses, which seems to indicate that personality and dependence disorders, or substance misuse, are characteristic of both direct and indirect forms of autodestructive behaviour. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The task at hand is to use a yet-to-be-developed nomenclature and adequately operational diagnostic criteria to work out standardised survey instruments that do justice to the heterogeneity of this disorder complex.