tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prospectively Randomized Comparison of Different Mechanical Aortic Valves
Authors: Rüdiger Autschbach, Thomas Walther, Volkmar Falk, Martin Kostelka, Annegret Rösler, Georg Langebartels, Martin Krüger, Anno Diegeler, Friedrich W. Mohr
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The aim of this prospectively randomized study was to evaluate the hemodynamic and functional outcomes after aortic valve replacement with 3 different bileaflet mechanical valves. Methods and Results —Three hundred consecutive patients were randomly assigned to receive ATS (n=100), Carbomedics (n=100), or St Jude Medical Hemodynamic Plus (n=100) mechanical aortic valve replacement. There were no significant differences regarding patient age (average 61±8 years), body surface area (1.9±0.2 m 2 ), left ventricular function (ejection fraction 0.59±0.17), and presence of aortic stenosis (90%, 89%, and 91%), respectively. All patients had postoperative as well as 6-month and 1-year follow-ups that included transthoracic echocardiography. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed. Implanted valve sizes were comparable at 24±2 (ATS), 23.7±1.6 (CM), and 23.6±1.9 (SJM HP ) mm (NS). At 1-year follow-up, the following incidence of events was noted: death 3/1/1, all non–valve related; stroke 0/1/1; trivial transvalvular incompetence 3/3/2; paravalvular leak 2/3/2; and reoperation 0/1/1, respectively (NS). Transvalvular flow velocities were 2.5/2.6/2.4 m/s postoperatively ( P =0.03) and 2.4/2.4/2.3 m/s at 6-month follow-up, respectively (NS). There was a significant decrease in left ventricular mass for all patients but no significant differences among the groups. Conclusions —There are no clinically relevant differences among the tested bileaflet aortic valves. Regardless of valve type, there was a low complication rate. On the basis of these findings, all 3 bileaflet prostheses are well suited for aortic valve replacement.
The Cost-effectiveness of Voluntary Counseling and Testina of Hospital Patients for HIV
Authors: J. Todd Weber
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We are concerned that readers of the article about the cost-effectiveness of HIV counseling and testing of hospital inpatients by Dr Lurie and colleagues<sup>1</sup>might misinterpret the purposes of the CDC recommendations for voluntary counseling and testing of inpatients.<sup>2</sup>In addition, we believe that Lurie et al underestimate the cost-effectiveness of the CDC recommendations and overestimate the rate of false-positive HIV test results that would occur with large-scale testing. Although Lurie et al refer to the purpose of CDC recommendations for voluntary counseling and testing of hospital patients, we would like to reiterate that CDC recommendations state that HIV testing programs must not be used as a substitute for universal precautions and other infection control techniques.<sup>2</sup>The purpose of the recommendations was not to decrease transmission to health care workers; rather, their purposes were to assist in the differential diagnosis of medical conditions, to
Development and growth of new allied health fields
Authors: I. Light
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Those who constructed this particular panel are to be congratulated because its composition of three men holding respectively an EdD, PhD, and MD degree very directly corroborates the need for more cooperative working relationships among medical leaders and professional educators, to an order and magnitude far beyond that which exists today, if we wish more orderly and coordinated growth in the allied health occupations. I interpret the term "fields" liberally as referring to specialized fields of work recently created and in the process of becoming institutionalized, and to the current development of additional competency levels within well-established health occupations as well. The facts of critical manpower conditions in the health sector of our economy are well known. Therefore, rather than engage in the numbers game or prognosticate the nature and extent of health manpower 20 or 30 years hence, I wish to bring to your attention briefly some of the
Intensive Care Medicine
Authors: Robert W. Goldmann
Journal: JAMA (1992)

I approached the second edition of<i>Intensive Care Medicine</i>with a fair amount of trepidation. Its length of over 2000 pages makes it a rather intimidating text. Initially, I was concerned by the tremendous preponderance of Massachusetts-based contributing authors until I realized that the first edition of the book was written entirely by members of the faculty of the University of Massachusetts. This expanded version features a national representation of authorities. One of the hardest things about reviewing this text was not its size but the almost continual temptation to read sections in depth that I was at first trying to skim. The book reads extremely well and is written in a conversational, direct manner, which is quite frankly delightful. Books such as this can easily become ponderous and overbearing, but not here. Instructors and teachers of critical care physicians in training will be particularly delighted by the detailed historical
Postgraduate Training Course For Physicians— Symposiums, Seminars Stress Science, Humanities
Journal: JAMA (1964)

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Society Proceedings
Journal: JAMA (1930)

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The Physician's Chart Book.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

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Journal Correction
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

contained an error.The second to last sentence of the caption for Figure 3 was given as: "For example, in this table, among 10,000 black women with a uterus, age 50 to 59 years, and with a 5-year IBC risk of 3.5%, one expects that 62 life-threatening equivalent events would be prevented in 5 years by taking raloxifene instead of placebo, and there is moderate evidence (P > 6 but < 0.9; gold) that the benefits of taking raloxifene outweigh the risks."While it should have been:"For example, in this table, among 10,000 black women with a uterus, age 50 to 59 years, and with a 5-year IBC risk of 3.5%, one expects that 62 life-threatening equivalent events would be prevented in 5 years by taking raloxifene instead of placebo, and there is moderate evidence (P > 0.6 but < 0.9; gold) that the benefits of taking raloxifene outweigh the risks."
Macular Surgery
Authors: Felipe De Alba
Journal: JAMA (2012)

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Table of contents
Authors: Hae-Woong Lee, Woo-Jin Yun, Mi-Woo Lee, Jee-Ho Choi, Kee-Chan Moon, Jai-Kyoung Koh, Cristina Carrera, Amaia Mariscal, Josep Malvehy, Susana Puig, Tamu Brown, Monib Zirvi, George Cotsarelis, Joel Gelfand, Jose Ferna ´ndez-Vozmediano, Jose Armario-Hita, Anna Sommer, Peter Altmeyer, Alexander Kreuter, Michelle Pipitone, Brian Adams, Anita Sheth, T Graham, Cincinnati Ohio, Kayako Hira, Yasushi Suga, Tomoyuki Monma, Kouichi Mitsuishi, Hideoki Ogawa, Andrew Werchniak, Craig Storm, Richard Plunkett, Ernst Beutner, James Dinulos, Boston Lebanon, New Hampshire, Kazutoshi Murao, Yoshiaki Kubo, Kosaku Fukuhara, Kazuya Matsumoto, Seiji Arase, Ki-Seok Jang, Young-Ha Oh, Chan Park, Seung Paik, Gisele Viana De Oliveira, Hal Hawkins, Antonio Carlos, Martins Guedes, Luis Pinto, Gloria Oliveras, Gregory Kitten, Ramon Sanchez, Alison Young, Pamela Manolson, Benard Cohen, Mitchell Klapper, Terry Barrett
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2005)
Zoster after exposure to varicella-zoster virus
Authors: D. M. Morens
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, a physician recently asked whether varicella-zoster virus (VZV) exposure could lead to zoster.<sup>1</sup>About ten years ago, I got zoster (thoracic dermatome) two to three weeks after caring for a patient with zoster (thoracic dermatome). Two months later, an 8-month-old infant with zoster (thoracic dermatome), whose mother had had varicella in the second trimester, was admitted to my service. About 14 days after the admission, both the medical student caring for the patient and a member of the staff who denied direct contact with the patient got zoster (trigeminal and cervical dermatomes, respectively). Both of them said they had had varicella in childhood, as had I. Although it is wise to keep an open mind, these and other reports in the medical literature<sup>2-4</sup>may reflect nothing more than the vagaries of chance and the selectivity of our memories. Zoster is so
Scandinavian Journal Clin &amp;amp; Lab Invest, Oslo
Journal: JAMA (1966)

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Abstract 3277: Sustained Benefits in Vascular Function through Flavanol-Containing Cocoa in Medicated Diabetic Patients: A Double-Masked, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Jan Balzer, Tienush Rassaf, Christian Heiss, Petra Kleinbongard, Thomas Lauer, Marc Merx, Nicole Heussen, Heidrun Gross, Carl Keen, Hagen Schroeter, Malte Kelm
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Purpose Epidemiological investigations revealed an inverse correlation between the dietary intake of flavanols, the mortality of cardiovascular disease, and the incidence of diabetes. Controlled trials evaluating longer-term effects of flavanol-containing cocoa on endothelial function in diabetic patients are missing. This study was designed to test feasibility and efficacy of a dietary intervention based on daily intake of flavanol-containing cocoa for improving vascular function of medicated diabetic patients. Methods In a feasibility study with 10 diabetic patients, we assessed vascular function as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, plasma levels of flavanol metabolites, and tolerability following an acute, single-dose ingestion of cocoa, containing increasing concentrations of flavanols (75,371,963mg). In a subsequent efficacy study, changes in vascular function in 41 medicated diabetics were assessed following a 30-day, thrice-daily dietary intervention with either flavanol-rich cocoa (321mg flavanols per dose) or a nutrient-matched control (25mg flavanols per dose). Both studies were undertaken in a randomized, double-masked fashion. Results A single ingestion of flavanol-containing cocoa was dose-dependently associated with significant acute increases in circulating flavanols and FMD (at 2h: from 3.7±0.2% to 5.5±0.4%, p&lt;0.001). A 30-day, thrice-daily consumption of flavanol-containing cocoa increased baseline FMD by 30% (p&lt;0.0001), while acute increases of FMD upon ingestion of flavanol-containing cocoa continued to be manifest throughout the study. Treatment was well tolerated without evidence of tachyphylaxia. Endothelium-independent responses, blood pressure, heart rate, and glycemic control were unaffected. Conclusions Our study clearly establishes improvements of endothelial function after regular consumption of flavanol-containing cocoa in patients with type 2 diabetes, highlighting the potential of flavanol-containing diets, and underscoring the potential health care benefit for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients.
La Dégénérescence Hépato-Lenticulaire. Maladie de Wilson— Pseudo-Sclérose.
Journal: JAMA (1922)

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Dose-Response Relationships for Carcinogens: A Review
Authors: Lauren Zeise, Richard Wilson, Edmund A. C. Crouch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

We review the experimental evidence for various shapes of dose-response relationships for carcinogens and summarize those experiments that give the most information on relatively low doses. A brief review of some models is given to illustrate the shapes of dose-response curve expected from them. Our major interest is in the use of dose-response relationships to estimate risks to humans at low doses, and so we pay special attention to experimentally observed and theoretically expected nonlinearities. There are few experimental examples of nonlinear dose-response relations in humans, but this may simply be due to the limitations in the data. The several examples in rodents, even though for high dose data, suggest that nonlinearity is common. In some cases such nonlinearities may be rationalized on the basis of the pharmacokinetics of the test compound or its metabolites.
EFFECT OF STIMULATION OF SENSORY NERVES UPON THE RATE OF LIBERATION OF EPINEPHRIN FROM THE ADRENALS
Authors: G. N. Stewart, J. M. Rogoff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

On page 638, line 14, for was interrupted read was never interrupted. On page 644, line 3, the reference number should be 5 instead of 4.
Abstract 4312: Routine Use of Bivalirudin Reduces Bleeding and Increases Ischemic Complications During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Alon Yarkoni, Annapoorna S Kini, Prakash Krishnan, Michael C Kim, Pedro R Moreno, Visali Kodali, Samin S Sharma
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is widely accepted as the cornerstone of antithrombotic therapy during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, variable bioavailability, platelet activation, risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and provisional use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) pose limitations to its utility. Direct thrombin inhibitors, notably bivalirudin, have been described as a viable alternative to UFH. Randomized controlled trials have shown that bivalirudin is associated with non-inferior rates of clinical composite endpoints, reduced major bleeding and in some cases a lower 30-day death rate compared to UFH plus GPI.  Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that the routine use of bivalirudin is associated with lower bleeding complications without increasing major ischemic endpoints or death.  Methods: From Jan 1, 2006 to Jan 31, 2007, 5,214 consecutive patients received UFH plus GPI or selective bivalirudin; from Feb 1, 2007 to Feb 29, 2008, 4,737 patients received routine bivalirudin during PCI at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York. Patients were prospectively followed one year for the development of bleeding, ischemic complications and death.  Results: The routine use of bivalirudin reduced vascular and bleeding complications (6.1% vs. 4.3%, p  Conclusions: In conclusion, bivalirudin, as compared with UFH plus GPI, reduced major bleeding and vascular complications and increased ischemic complications at 30 days with a similar 1-year mortality.
New York Academy of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

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Cholesterol Test Kit to be Available Over the Counter for Home Use
Journal: JAMA (1993)

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