tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two standardized methods of methacholine inhalation challenge in young adults
Authors: H.C. Siersted, C.M. Walker, A.D. O′shaughnessy, A.R Willan, E.M Wiecek, M.R. Sears
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

In the European Community Respiratory Health Study (ECRHS), airway responsiveness to methacholine was determined using the Mefar dosimeter protocol. Elsewhere, the 2-min tidal breathing method has become the preferred standardized method. The relationship between measurements of responsiveness by these two methods is not well established. This study measured airway responsiveness to methacholine by dosimeter and tidal breathing methods in 47 healthy asthmatic subjects aged 20-44 yrs. Tests were performed within 1 week and in random order. Baseline forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) varied by &lt;10% between tests in 42/47 subjects. There was a close association between responsiveness determined by the two methods. A provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20) value of &lt; or =8.0 mg x mL(-1) (tidal method) used to categorize airway hyperresponsiveness agreed most closely with a provocative dose of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20) value of &lt; or =0.5 mg (dosimeter method) (kappa statistic 0.78). Each doubling or halving of PC20 to define a level of hyperresponsiveness agreed closely with a doubling or halving of PD20. Assessment of airway responsiveness as provocative dose of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second by the Mefar dosimeter protocol gave a close and predictable relationship with provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in expiratory volume in one second assessed using the tidal breathing method. Airway hyperresponsiveness as determined by the accepted criterion of provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in expiratory volume in one second &lt; or =8 mg x mL(-1) was best correlated with provocative dose of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second &lt;0.5 mg by Mefar dosimeter.
Food and water restriction in the wrestler
Authors: L. M. Hursh
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The present practice in wrestling of "making weight" is hazardous to the health of growing young men, primarily because competitors lose too high a percentage of body fat. The Tcheng-Tipton-Clarke method should be used to control food restriction, while observation of specific gravity of urine should be used to control fluid restriction and hydration. (<i>JAMA</i>241:915-916, 1979)
Pediatrics
Authors: Vincent A. Fulginiti
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In the last two decades, remarkable progress has been made in our understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and basic molecular processes that result in disease. Cystic fibrosis is the most common lethal gene in our population, occurring in the carrier state in one person of every 20 to 25, and resulting in one in 2500 births of a child with the disease. The defect has now been clearly identified as a mutation of a specific gene, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (<i>CFTR</i>) gene, on chromosome 7.<sup>1</sup>The most common mutation results in a protein defective in phenylalanine at position 508, referred to as ΔF508; in addition, more than 120 other mutations have been identified. Variance in the mutation does result in some phenotypic variation, but concordance for ΔF508 leads to both pancreatic deficiency and pulmonary disease. The<i>CFTR</i>defect leads to altered transport of sodium and chloride through the
NECROLOGY.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase II study of first-line combined chemotherapy bevacizumab with modified RPMI regimen for elderly or frail patients with unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer (OGSG0802).
Authors: Shigeyoshi Iwamoto, Takeshi Kato, Motoki Yoshida, Yasuhiro Miyake, Masato Nakamura, Taroh Satoh, Daisuke Sakai, Masaki Matsuoka, Toshio Otsuji, Hiroshi Furukawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

573 Background: The first-line combined chemotherapy RPMI regimen with bevacizumab (Bmab) in AVF2192g trial for elderly or frail patients (Pts) could be active to progression free survival (PFS), the secondary endpoint, although it may not prolong overall survival (OS), the primary endpoint. According to the results of efficacy and safety studies, a fluoropyrimidine (FU) + Bmab regimen is regarded as an option for 1st-line chemotherapy. We planned a phase II study of modified RPMI regimen with Bmab for elderly or frail Pts. Methods: Pts with confirmed unresectable/metastatic colorectal cancer without previous chemotherapy, and not suitable for intensive chemotherapy were enrolled. Pts received modified RPMI regimen (5-FU 600 mg/m2 and l-leucovorin 200 mg/m 2 bolus day 1, 8, 15) and Bmab 5 mg/kg day 1, 15, q4w) until disease progression or study withdrawal. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR), and the secondary endpoints were PFS, OS and safety. Results: 41 Pts were enrolled from 13 institutions. Pts characteristics were; median age 76 (range 56-90); male/female, 18/23; ECOG performance status 0/1/2, 21/19/1. The ORR, the rate of best response, the disease control rate (CR+PR+SD) were 36.6%, 56.1%, 85.4%, respectively. Median follow-up period was 14.4 months. 28 Pts (68%) had objective progression and a patient (2.4%) died without progression. The median PFS and OS were 9.0 months (95%CI, 7.5–19.6) and 24.0 months (95%CI, 20.1–NR). The incidences of grade 3 or 4 adverse events were: leukopenia (7%), neutropenia (24%), thrombocytopenia (2%), diarrhea (5%), anorexia (10%), fatigue (5%), stomatitis (7%) and hypertension (5%). Grade 3 febrile neutropenia and grade 4 pulmonary embolism was observed in one pt. Five pts (12%) discontinued the treatment due to severe or uncontrollable adverse event. Conclusions: The modified RPMI regimen with Bmab showed activity, and was well tolerated for elderly or frail Pts. ORR and the median PFS of this regimen were similar to historical data with FU + Bmab. This regimen may be a good option for not requiring percutaneous port placement Pts. Clinical trial information: UMIN000002182.
Dupilumab treatment improves quality of life in adult patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: A. Tsianakas, T.A. Luger, A. Radin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

Atopic dermatitis is a skin disease, commonly known as eczema. It affects up to 1 in 10 adults. Atopic dermatitis is usually very itchy, causing people to wake up at night, and feel “low”. This state of general discomfort is known as reduced quality of life. Dupilumab is a new treatment approved in the U.S.A. for adults with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis. The treatment blocks some of the mechanisms involved in the disease. In a clinical trial conducted in Europe, researchers observed 109 patients with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis. The patients received dupilumab over 12 weeks. They found that the treatment improved the eczema and its symptoms, such as itch. The researchers also studied how the treatment affected quality of life in 64 out of 109 patients in the study. These patients had answered a set of questions that measures how atopic dermatitis affects their quality of life (Quality of Life Index for atopic dermatitis [QoLIAD]). Thirty‐two patients received dupilumab 300 mg weekly, by injection under the skin, and 32 received placebo. About 6 out of 10 patients treated with dupilumab had better quality of life over the 12 weeks, whereas only about 1 in 10 placebo‐treated patients improved. The researchers also found a relatively strong link between improvements with dupilumab in QoLIAD score and improvements in the eczema and symptoms. Dupilumab was well‐tolerated by the patients. The authors conclude that dupilumab, a new breakthrough treatment for atopic dermatitis, improves eczema and its symptoms, and in turn, the patients’ quality of life.
Effect of alcohol consumption on endothelial function in men with coronary artery disease Hiroki Teragawa, Yukihiro Fukuda, Keiji Matsuda, Kenya Sakai, Sou Takenaka, Fumiharu Miura, Hidekazu Hirao, Togo Yamagata, Hideo Matsuura, Kazuaki Chayama. Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Runner's "high"
Authors: C. Partin
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a long-distance runner and as one with a penchant for contemplation, I have long been intrigued by the mystique of the so-called "runner's high" (RH). Thus, the well-written essay on this subject by Levin (1982;248:24) arrested my attention. He suggested the RH "started out as a figment of someone's imagination and has become a myth perpetuated by those who stand to gain financially." That an economic benefit propagates the Loch-Ness-like existence of the RH is a novel speculation to me. However, my father, a veteran jogger bereft of any transcendental experiences associated with running, proposed several years ago that the RH was indeed a dubious concept, owing its being to creativity and novice runners mistaking enhanced well-being with a true RH. Dr Levin denied the existence of the RH. As for recent theories correlating the RH with endogenous β-endorphins, he is not impressed but offers no
PESTILENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS AT AMOY.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathology
Authors: John Bernard Henry
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Pathology, more than any other discipline, relies on the new biology of medicine, which comprises (1) molecular biology, (2) cell biology, (3) genetics, (4) immunology, (5) reproductive biology, and (6) neurobiology.<sup>1</sup>Major developments in pathology within the last year and a half include the provision, by molecular biology and immunology, of methods for determining cell structure and function. The tool of molecular biology is the DNA probe, a single strand of DNA complementary to the free single strand of fixed DNA fragments of the specimen (cells, tissue). Under optimal conditions, the DNA probe will hybridize with any complementary free strand. The single-stranded DNA probe (probing for its complementary half) is to molecular biology/ pathology a highly specific detector comparable with the antigen-antibody phenomena of immunology. The DNA hybridization techniques have been useful in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders according to lineage and level of differentiation. The first step
Terminology of antibiotics
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P163: Global and Regional Consumption of Specific Dietary Fats and Dietary Cholesterol in 1990 and 2005: Systematic Analysis of Country-Specific Nutrition Surveys Worldwide
Authors: Renata Micha, Shahab Khatibzadeh, Edward Giovannucci, John Powles, Peilin Shi, Majid Ezzati, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background. Assessing the impact of diet on chronic diseases worldwide has been limited by availability only of food disappearance data rather than reliable and systematically assessed consumption data on dietary habits globally. Objective. To review and access published and unpublished national diet surveys worldwide in a systematic and consistent way to produce comprehensive intake data of specific dietary fats and their uncertainties by country, region, age, and sex in 1990 and 2005. Methods. We developed methods to identify, assess, and obtain exposure data (mean, SD) from nationally representative diet surveys worldwide on saturated, n-6, n-3 and trans fats, and dietary cholesterol. To address missing data and estimate mean intake, we developed and applied a multi-level hierarchical Bayesian model that accounted for country- and region-level data, measurement comparability, study representativeness, and diet assessment method. Time-varying country-level covariates were used to inform the estimates, including FAO food availability data, population, GDP, latitude, metabolic risks, and other diet covariates. Uncertainty of the estimates accounted for uncertainty from sampling and statistical modeling. Results. We obtained relevant data (85% by direct author contact) from 76 nationally representative and 15 large regional surveys from 49 countries in 15 regions, covering 75% of the world’s population. Several countries and regions lacked representative data. Data were most frequently available for saturated fat and dietary cholesterol (Figure). Results for other fats will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions. These new methods developed to systematically assess, compile and estimate the exposure distribution of specific dietary fats and cholesterol in a uniform fashion globally allow, for the first time, characterization of consumption habits and trends by country, region, age and sex. Such global assessment is imperative for estimating the impact of dietary fats on chronic diseases worldwide.
Phase II Study of the Combination of Low-Dose Thalidomide, Prednisone, and Etanercept (“PET regimen”) in the Treatment of Anemia, Splenomegaly, and Constitutional Symptoms Associated with Myelofibrosis with Myeloid Metaplasia (MMM).
Authors: Ruben A. Mesa, David P. Steensma, Chin Y. Li, Antje Hoering, Heather Powell, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: Blood (2004)
Updated Supplement
Authors: Philip Lee, Rebecca Smith-Bindman
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Michael K. Ong, MD, PhD; Patrick S. Romano, MD, MPH; Sarah Edgington, MA; Harriet U. Aronow, PhD; Andrew D. Auerbach, MD, MPH; Jeanne T. Black, PhD, MBA; Teresa De Marco, MD; Jose J. Escarce, MD, PhD; Lorraine S. Evangelista, RN, PhD; Barbara Hanna, RN, PhD; Theodore G. Ganiats, MD; Barry H. Greenberg, MD; Sheldon Greenfield, MD, MPH; Sherrie H. Kaplan, PhD, MPH; Asher Kimchi, MD; Honghu Liu, PhD; Dawn Lombardo, MD; Carol M. Mangione, MD, MSPH; Bahman Sadeghi, MD, MBS; Banafsheh Sadeghi, MD, PhD; Majid Sarrafzadeh, PhD; Kathleen Tong, MD; Gregg C. Fonarow, MD; for the Better Effectiveness After Transition–Heart Failure (BEAT-HF) Research Group
Pseudohyperkalemia in acute myelocytic leukemia
Authors: L. C. Chumbley
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The occurrence of pseudohyperkalemia in acute myelocytic leukemia is, to the author's knowledge, previously undescribed. Pseudohyperkalemia may be caused by release of potassium from platelets or white blood cells during coagulation. The precise mechanisms responsible for these occurrences are not known.
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci
Authors: A.H.C Uttley, N Woodford, A.P Johnson, B Cookson, R.C George, MarkH Wilcox, RobertC Spencer, GeoffreyR Weeks, ThomasR Frieden, SonalS Munsiff, DonaldE Low, Barry Kreiswirth, Esther Manso, Giuseppina De Sio, Francesca Biavasco, PietroE Varaldo, Gisella Sambo, Claudio Maffei
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Commentary: Lessons Learned from the Study of Immigrants to Israel from Areas of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine Contaminated by the Chernobyl Accident
Authors: Michael R. Quastel, John R. Goldsmith, Julie Cwikel, Ludmilla Merkin, Vered Y. Wishkerman, Svetlana Poljak, Anna Abdelgani, Ella Kordysh, Amos Douvdevani, Jakov Levy, Rafael Gorodisher, Yehiel Barki, Ingrid Emerit, Gary Kramer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)
Bourbon
Authors: Ajay Major
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
1984 European Late Effects Project Group Symposium
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article 1984 European Late Effects Project Group Symposium Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 4, April 1984, Page 964, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.4.964-c Published: 01 April 1984
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Authors: King To
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Ocular manifestations with cytomegalovirus (CMV),<i>Toxoplasma, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus</i>, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus,<i>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</i>, and<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>have been reported in association with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).<sup>1</sup>CMV retinitis is by far the most common cause of vision loss in these patients.<sup>1</sup> CMV retinitis has a very characteristic clinical appearance that consists of white granular lesions with without associated retinal hemorrhages (Fig 1). Lesions with hemorrhage have been described as resembling a "pizza pie." Retinal lesions without hemorrhage appear as white granular infiltrates that at times may be difficult to distinguish from cotton-wool spots. Cotton-wool spots, which are focal areas of infarction of the nerve fiber layers, are the most common ophthalmic manifestation of AIDS.<sup>1</sup>Infarcts of the nerve fiber layer are also commonly seen in association with diabetes and hypertension. Unlike lesions in CMV retinitis, which progressively enlarge, cotton-wool spots in AIDS patients
Psoriasis
Authors: Gayathri K. Perera, Paola Di Meglio, Frank O. Nestle
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2011)

Psoriasis is a common relapsing and remitting immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects the skin and joints. This review focuses on current immunogenetic concepts, key cellular players, and axes of cytokines that are thought to contribute to disease pathogenesis. We highlight potential therapeutic targets and give an overview of the currently used immune-targeted therapies.
Book Review Proctology . A Treatise on the Malformations, Injuries and Diseases of the Rectum, Anus, and Pelvic Colon. By Frank C. Yeomans, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.S. 661 pages; 417 illustrations and 4 colored plates. D. Appleton and Company, New York and London, 1929.
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1929)