tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Current issues concerning thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: C HENNEKENS
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)

Data are now available from three large-scale randomized trials that directly compare the risks and benefits of thrombolytic agents in acute myocardial infarction. In the interpretation of results from the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI-2) trial and its International Extension, the Third International Study of Infarct Survival (ISIS-3), and the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO-1) trial, there are areas of both agreement and controversy. It is generally agreed that the agents most commonly used in the United States—tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), streptokinase and anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC)—all reduce mortality when given to patients with acute evolving myocardial infarction. Further, it is clear that thrombolytic therapy given to such patients presenting up to 12 h after onset of symptoms reduces the mortality rate by ∼20%, that aspirin therapy for patients presenting up to 24 h reduces the mortality rate by ∼23% and that the benefits of thrombolytic therapy and aspirin are additive. Finally, and of most importance, the earlier administration as well as the more widespread use of thrombolytic therapy and aspirin would save many more lives. The totality of evidence clearly indicates that streptokinase produces significantly fewer strokes and cerebral hemorrhages than either t-PA or APSAC. Whether or not accelerated t-PA has a small advantage for mortality is less conclusive. At present, any small differences in safety, efficacy and ease of administration of different thrombolytic agents are far outweighed by the large benefits that would accrue from earlier administration and wider utilization of any of these drugs.
Chronic Manganism
Authors: Harvey A. Rosenstock
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A case of chronic manganese intoxication emphasizes that the disorder, while uncommon, is not rare, and that the psychiatrist as well as the neurologist may be the first physician consulted. Diagnostic evaluations included urine assays for manganese following edetic acid infusion and analyses of scalp and chest hair. The analysis for chest hair manganese is thought to be reported for the first time. The concentration of manganese in chest hair was more than three times the concentration in scalp hair. Clinical experience with a four-month therapeutic trial of levodopa converted abnormal reflex patterns to normal, improved mentation and speech, and reduced dysdiadochokinesia and bradykinesia. Dystonia was not improved.
Look
Authors: Divyansh Agarwal
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2019)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Scotland
Journal: BMJ (1921)

during the year numbered 523 (West House 397, Craig House 126).This is the largest number admitted in any year since 1900, and more than half of the average number of patients resident, which was 1,001.Sir Thomas Clouston attributed the large number of admissions in 1900 to the excessive use of alcohol during a time of brisk trade and high wages.Dr. Robertson points out that the same explanation cannot apply to 1920, when the per.centage of cases in which alcoholic excess was believed to on 11 January
Interrelation between HBV, HDV and HCV infections and response to alpha interferon therapy in intravenous drug addicts with chronic hepatitis . 1Service d'H�patologia et INSERM U24, H�pital Beaujon, Clichy; 2Laboratoire de Bact�riologie-Virologie, H�pital Avicenne, Bobigny, Universit� Paris XIII, France
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

L'analyse pollinique de la partie interne de la grotte de Madonna dell'Arma (Ligurie, Italie) a permis de reconstituer, à l'échelle locale, la végétation du littoral ligure entre la fin du dernier interglaciaire et le début du pléniglaciaire ancien. Cette période de transition montre une importante représentation du couvert arboré et le maintien de taxons thermophiles permettant de considérer la Ligurie occidentale comme un refuge périglaciaire. Durant la fin du dernier interglaciaire, la zone littorale est constituée par un couvert herbacé xérophile-halophile et par des brousses, relayés sur les premières pentes par un groupement préforestier méditerranéen. La proximité du torrent Argentina et de l'Armea engendre l'existence, en retrait du littoral, de zones marécageuses colonisées par des arbres hygrophiles. Dans l'arrière-pays ligure se développent, selon l'altitude, des forêts sclérophylles et mésophiles. Le début du pléniglaciaire est indiqué dans la séquence par une augmentation de Pinus, des Cupressaceae et d'Artemisia en contexte de régression des éléments thermophiles. La végétation déduite de l'analyse pollinique s'intègre dans l'étude pluridisciplinaire du site et contribue à l'apport d'hypothèses climatiques similaires à celles révélées par la faune.Pollen analysis of Madonna dell’Arma cave inside part (Liguria, Italy) allowed us to reconstitute, at local scale, the Ligurian coastal vegetation between the end of the last interglacial period and the beginning of the pleniglacial. This transition period shows an important representation of arboreal cover and a persistence of thermophilous elements that allowed us to considerate the western Liguria as a periglacial refuge. During the end of the last interglacial, xerophytic, halophytic herbs and shrubs taken over from a Mediterranean pre-forest unit in the first slopes constituted the coastal zone. The nearness of Argentina torrent and the Armea influenced, in the coast, the existence of marshy zones colonized by hygrophilous trees. In the Ligurian lowlands spread out sclerophyllous and mesophilous forests according to altitude. The beginning of the pleniglacial is indicated in the sequence by increases of Pinus, Cupressaceae and Artemisia in the context of a decline in the thermophilous components. This picture of vegetation has become integrated into the multidisciplinary studies of the site and contributed to the elaboration of palaeoclimatic hypothesis similar as those revealed by the fauna.
Estradiol Metabolism: An Endocrine Biomarker for Modulation of Human Mammary Carcinogenesis
Authors: Nitin T. Telang, Meena Katdare, H. Leon Bradlow, Michael P. Osborne
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The natural estrogen 171-estradiol (E2) has a profound influence on proliferation and neoplastic transformation of mammary epithelium.The role of cellular metabolism of E2 in mammary carcinogenesis, however, remains to be elucidated.Explant culture and cell culture models developed from noncancerous human mammary tissue were used to examine modulation of E2 metabolism in response to treatment with prototype rodent mammary carcinogens and the ability of the naturally occurring phytochemical indole-3-carbinol (13C) to influence E2 metabolism and regulate aberrant proliferation.In the two models, treatment with the chemical carcinogens 7,12-dimethylbenz[alanthracene and benzolalpyrene altered the metabolism of E2 as determined from the radiometric (tritium release) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assays.This alteration in E2 metabolism was accompanied by aberrant proliferation and abrogation of apoptosis as determined by the extent of replicative DNA synthesis, S-phase fraction and Sub Go (apoptotic) peak.Exposure of carcinogen-initiated cultures to 13C resulted in induction of C2-hydroxylation of E2 and of apoptosis and downregulation of hyperproliferation.Determination of altered cellular metabolism of E2 in response to initiators and modulators of carcinogenesis and evaluation of cell cycle related markers for proliferation and apoptosis may provide a mechanism-oriented approach to validate E2 metabolism as an endocrine biomarker for induction and prevention of human mammary carcinogenesis.-
More doctors: what will they cost? Physician income as supply expands
Authors: F. A. Sloan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

During the 1970s, expenditures for physicians' services rose by $12.7 billion (in 1979 dollars), but only about one fifth of this amount could be attributed to an increase in number of physicians relative to population. Other factors, chiefly demographic changes and greater insurance coverage, were responsible for the bulk of higher expenditures. Despite the growth in number of physicians, real income of individual physicians remained virtually constant. Maintenance of real income was not, however, appreciably dependent on physicians inducing an unwarranted demand for their services. We predict that as the physician supply expands by 25% to 35% during the 1980s, real payments to physicians will increase by some $14 to $20 billion (1979 dollars). As in the past decade, however, only about one fifth of the amount will be attributable to an increase in physician supply. Gross income of individual physicians is likely to rise by 10% to 15% (in 1979 dollars) over the decade, but net income probably will show little increase or may even fall slightly. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:766-769)
My Right Knee
Authors: Donald M. Berwick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters2 August 2005My Right KneeDonald M. Berwick, MD, MPPDonald M. Berwick, MD, MPPFrom Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA 02138.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-3-200508020-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I understand Dr. Sapers' skepticism, given how poorly designed health care is today. My vision, however, is hardly that of a “Wal-Mart.” It is of a health care system that seeks to address each individual patient on his or her own terms, so far as possible. I believe that dedicated clinicians indeed try to do that as a matter of personal mission, and I also believe that modern understandings of health care as a system (not “aping business models”) with open-minded, scientific redesigns, can go a long way toward that vision. For example, waiting times can be reduced ...References1. Murray M, Berwick DM. Advanced access: reducing waiting and delays in primary care. JAMA. 2003;289:1035-40. [PMID: 12597760] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Leatherman S, Berwick D, Iles D, Lewin LS, Davidoff F, Nolan T, et al. The business case for quality: case studies and an analysis. Health Aff (Millwood). 2003;22:17-30. [PMID: 12674405] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Galvin R. A deficiency of will and ambition: a conversation with Donald Berwick. Health Aff (Millwood). 2005;12 January. [Epub ahead of print] . [PMID: 15647209] Google Scholar4. Davis K, Schoen C, Schoenbaum SC, Audet AM, Doty MM, Tenney K. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: Looking at the Quality of American Health Care through the Patient's Lens. New York: The Commonwealth Fund; 2004. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Institute for Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA 02138.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMy Right Knee Donald M. Berwick My Right Knee Benjamin L. Sapers My Right Knee Kevin C. Fleming Metrics 2 August 2005Volume 143, Issue 3Page: 237-238KeywordsConflicts of interestHealth careHealth care policyKneesPublic policyToxicityVision ePublished: 2 August 2005 Issue Published: 2 August 2005 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Complexing of Amino Acids to DNA by Chromate in Intact Cells
Authors: Victoria Voitkun, Anatoly Zhitkovich, Max Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Using o-pthaldialdehyde (OPT) fluorescence, the amino acids associated with DNA were studied following exposure of intact Chinese hamster ovary cells to chromate.Rigorous extraction with EDTA, acid, or base was required to release the amino acids cross-linked to the DNA isolated from con- trol or chromate-treated cells by standard procedures (i.e., proteinase K, phenol, etc.).Amino acids resisting extraction from DNA were not studied since analysis was limited to those that could be released by these procedures.There was a chromate dose-dependent increase in amino acids complexed with the DNA that could be released by EDTA, acid, and base, and these amino acids were separated by HPLC and identified.Substantial increases in cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, histidine, threonine, and tyrosine were found as a function of increasing concentrations of chromate.There was also a time-dependent increase in complexing of these amino acids to the DNA by chromate.The amino acids found com- plexed to DNA in intact cells by chromate were thought to originate from reactions of free amino acids or small peptides with the DNA rather than being proteolytic products derived from larger proteins that were cross-linked to the DNA.This was supported by a number of experiments: a) free amino acids or bovine serum albumin (BSA) were cross-linked by chromium to DNA in vitro and the DNA was isolated by standard procedures.With BSA, few amino acids were found cross-linked to the DNA, but with free amino acids, numerous amino acids were associated with DNA; b) when radiolabelled threonine complexed to the DNA was examined in the absence and presence of a protein synthesis inhibitor, there was substantial stimulation of the threonine complex to DNA by chromate when protein synthesis was inhibited with cyclohexamide; c) there were substantial increases in amino acids associated with DNA isolated without protease.Not only does the cross-linking of amino acids to DNA represent a new type of lesion to study in intact cells but it may also be a useful biomarker of human exposure to cross-linking agents.-
TCTAP A-157 Clinical Impact of Baseline Right Bundle Branch Block in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.
Authors: Euihong Ko, Sun Hack Lee, Sangwoo Park, Tae-Oh Kim, Yong-Hoon Yoon, Sang Yong Om, Minsoo Kim, Hanbit Park, Sang-Cheol Cho, Kyusup Lee, Osung Kwon, Do-Yoon Kang, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Soo-Jin Kang, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
Prevention of progressive left ventricular dilation with the acorn cardiac support device downregulates stretch-response proteins and improves sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium cycling in dogs with chronic heart failure Hani N. Sabbah, Ramesh C. Gupta, Victor G. Sharov, Anastassia Todor, Sudhish Mishra, Pervaiz A. Chaudhry, George Suzuki. Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Androgen Receptor Counteracts Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Mice
Authors: Yasumasa Ikeda, Ken-ichi Aihara, Masashi Akaike, Takashi Sato, Kazue Ishikawa, Takayuki Ise, Shusuke Yagi, Takashi Iwase, Yuka Ueda, Sumiko Yoshida, Hiroyuki Azuma, Kenneth Walsh, Toshiaki Tamaki, Shigeaki Kato, Toshio Matsumoto
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Doxorubicin (Dox) has been used as a potent anticancer agent, but serious cardiotoxicity precludes its use in a wide range of patients. We have reported that the androgen-androgen receptor (AR) system plays important roles in cardiac growth and protection from angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling. The present study was undertaken to clarify whether the androgen-AR system exerts a cardioprotective effect against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Male AR knockout (ARKO) and age-matched littermate male wild-type (WT) mice at 25 wk of age were given ip injections of Dox (20 mg/kg) or a vehicle. The survival rate and left ventricular function in Dox-treated male ARKO mice were reduced compared with those in Dox-treated male WT mice. Electron microscopic study showed prominent vacuole formation of myocardial mitochondria in Dox-treated male ARKO mice. Cardiac oxidative stress and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were increased more prominently by Dox treatment in male ARKO mice than in male WT mice. In addition, Dox-induced reduction in the expression of cardiac mitochondria transcription factor A (Tfam) and phosphorylation of serine-threonine kinase (Akt) was more pronounced in male ARKO mice than in male WT mice. In cardiac myoblast cells, testosterone up-regulated Akt phosphorylation and Tfam expression and exerted an antiapoptotic effect against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Collectively, the results demonstrate that Dox-induced cardiotoxicity is aggravated in male ARKO mice via exacerbation of mitochondrial damage and superoxide generation, leading to enhanced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Thus, the androgen-AR system is thought to counteract Dox-induced cardiotoxicity partly through activation of the Akt pathway and up-regulation of Tfam to protect cardiomyocytes from mitochondrial damage and apoptosis.
The Right to Strike
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methaqualone
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thickness unto death?
Authors: J. J. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Two generic scoring systems are commonly used to quantitatively assess the severity of illness of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. These scoring systems are based on either physiological or therapeutic indexes.<sup>1-3</sup>As part of a retrospective study of ICU patients, we assessed their illness severity using both systems. For each of 302 patients (103 with cardiac arrest, 199 with no cardiac arrest), we calculated a patient classification system (PCS) score. This score is used by some hospitals to measure the amount of nursing care required per patient and is a modification of a therapeutic intervention scoring system.<sup>1</sup>To validate the PCS score, a stratified random sample of 62 patients (26 with cardiac arrest, 36 with no cardiac arrest) was scored with the APACHE II, a physiologically based illness scoring system that has been shown to be a valid predictor of risk of death in ICU
Howard W. 'Pete' Doan, MD, military, civilian leader, dies
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Invasive group B streptococcal infections in adults, France (2007–2010)
Authors: A. Tazi, P.C. Morand, H. Réglier-Poupet, N. Dmytruk, A. Billoët, D. Antona, P. Trieu-Cuot, C. Poyart
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
HAEMATOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE
Journal: BMJ (1938)

METHODSGregersen test and "4 occultest," 80% agreement between the Gregersen test and "hematest," and 74% agreement between " hematest" and " occultest."" Occultest" appears to be a better substitute for the Gregersen test than " hematest."" Hematest " and " occultest " reagent tablets were kindly supplied by Ames Company (London) Ltd.I am grateful to Dr. G.