tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
UK stops short of outright smoking ban in enclosed public places
Journal: BMJ (2005)

transformation seems to be higher in cardioembolic stroke.w38 w39 Whether asymptomatic haemorrhagic transformation significantly influences early or long term outcome is debatable.Conversion of asymptomatic haemorrhagic transformation into symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage with early anticoagulation, however, would be a legitimate concern.Factors leading to haemorrhagic transformation (for example, duration of ischaemia, speed of recanalisation, baseline neurological status, and demographic and imaging characteristics) may help in the timing of anticoagulation in the future.w40 w41 There is some information but no randomised controlled trials about resuming anticoagulation in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage and prosthetic heart valves. 24w42-w44 There is no information on how soon anticoagulation could be started safely, if at all, in patients with atrial fibrillation after intracerebral haemorrhage. OutcomeAfter our patient's intracerebral haemorrhage, we identified control of blood pressure and diabetes as the areas needing most attention.Overall compliance rather than truly "difficult to control" hypertension seemed to be the problem.We started him on warfarin two weeks after the second (ischaemic) stroke while recognising that he was a very high risk both for future thromboembolism and for intracerebral haemorrhage and therefore would need very close monitoring.He did not make any substantial functional recovery and needed care in a nursing home.However, lately he has been showing some signs of improvement.His blood pressure, international normalised ratio, and diabetes are being regularly monitored.Supervision in the care home has improved compliance with medication.We acknowledge the lack of evidence for prescribing dipyridamole in preference to aspirin.We also recognise that the area is full of uncertainties, and owing to lack of clear evidence we have not been able to manage the dilemmas with full confidence.We hope that the debate generated by this case might focus researchers' attention on this very important area.We need large scale, well designed trials to help us advise our patients more appropriately in this particularly complex situation.
Six-Year Outcome of Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Prevention of Recurrent Depression
Authors: G. A. Fava
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

OBJECTIVE: A paucity of studies use nonpharmacological strategies for preventing recurrence in depression. Cognitive behavior treatment of residual symptoms was found to yield a significantly lower relapse rate than clinical management in recurrent depression at a 2-year follow-up. The objective of this investigation was to provide a 6-year follow-up of cognitive behavior treatment versus clinical management. METHOD: Forty patients with recurrent major depression who had been successfully treated with antidepressant drugs were randomly assigned to either cognitive behavior treatment of residual symptoms (supplemented by lifestyle modification and well-being therapy) or clinical management. In both groups, antidepressant drugs were tapered and discontinued. A 6-year follow-up was undertaken. During this period, no antidepressant drugs were used unless a relapse ensued. RESULTS: Cognitive behavior treatment resulted in a significantly lower relapse rate (40%) at a 6-year follow-up than did clinical management (90%). When multiple recurrences were considered, the group that received cognitive behavior treatment had a significantly lower number of relapses in comparison with the clinical management group. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the sequential use of cognitive behavior treatment after pharmacotherapy may improve the long-term outcome in recurrent depression. A significant proportion of patients with recurrent depression might be able to withdraw from medication successfully and to stay well for at least 6 years with a focused course of psychotherapy.
ESSENTIAL HEMOSPERMIA
Authors: A. NELKEN
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Hemospermia, or blood in the seminal discharge, occurring during the course of an acute inflammatory condition involving the posterior urethra, or adnexa, is sufficiently common as to excite no especial interest. Ricord believed the source of such bleeding to be the testicle and epididymis. Nelaton, among others, thought the condition to be due to urethral stricture. The present belief is that when the seminal discharge occurring during the course of an acute urethritis is blood-stained, the site of the bleeding is usually the prostatic urethra. It is well recognized, however, that the blood may come directly from the vesicles as a symptom of a severe acute vesiculitis. Dr. Eugene Fuller<sup>1</sup>says that where the mucous surface of the vesicles is granular, bleeding may be free, occasionally producing severe spermatic colic by overdistention. Ulzmann differentiates the source of the bleeding by assuming that when the blood comes from the prostate,
ORIGINAL ARTICLES.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of dietary fat on ethanol-induced hepatic stellate cell activation USC Center for Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Hospital in Oakland, Oakland, CA; Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY.
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Microtubules (MTs) are essential components of the cytoskeleton that play critical roles in neurodevelopment and adaptive central nervous system functioning. MTs are essential to growth cone advance and ultrastructural events integral to synaptic plasticity; these functions figure significantly into current pathophysiologic conceptualizations of schizophrenia. To date, no study has directly investigated MT dynamics in humans with schizophrenia. We therefore compared the stability of MTs in olfactory neuroepithelial (OE) cells between schizophrenia cases and matched nonpsychiatric comparison subjects. For this purpose, we applied nocodazole (Nz) to cultured OE cells obtained from tissue biopsies from seven living schizophrenia patients and seven matched comparison subjects; all schizophrenia cases were on antipsychotic medications. Nz allows MT depolymerization to be followed but prevents repolymerization, so that in living cells treated for varying time intervals, the MTs that are stable for a given treatment interval remain. Our readout of MT stability was the time at which fewer than 10 MTs per cell could be distinguished by anti-β-tubulin immunofluorescence. The percentage of cells with ≥ 10 intact MTs at specified intervals following Nz treatment was estimated by systematic uniform random sampling with Visiopharm software. These analyses showed that the mean percentages of OE cells with intact MTs were significantly greater for schizophrenia cases than for the matched comparison subjects at 10, 15, and 30 min following Nz treatment indicating increased MT stability in OE cells from schizophrenia patients (p = 0.0007 at 10 min; p = 0.0008 at 15 min; p = 0.036 at 30 min). In conclusion, we have demonstrated increased MT stability in nearly all cultures of OE cells from individuals with schizophrenia, who received several antipsychotic treatments, versus comparison subjects matched for age and sex. While we cannot rule out a possible confounding effect of antipsychotic medications, these findings may reflect analogous neurobiological events in at least a subset of immature neurons or other cell types during gestation, or newly generated cells destined for the olfactory bulb or hippocampus, suggesting a mechanism that underlies findings of postmortem and neuroimaging investigations of schizophrenia. Future studies aimed at replicating these findings, including samples of medication-naïve subjects with schizophrenia, and reconciling the results with other studies, will be necessary. Although the observed abnormalities may suggest one of a number of putative pathophysiologic anomalies in schizophrenia, this work may ultimately have implications for an improved understanding of pathogenic processes related to this disorder.
THE SERUM DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY AND OF CANCER: A CRITICAL STUDY OF ABDERHALDEN'S METHOD
Authors: A. Leitch
Journal: BMJ (1914)

AN amazingly fruitful period in the progress of our know- ledge of pathological processes was uslhered in with the discovery tllat the blood serum in certain germ-caused diseases possessed the property of destroying these organisms or of neutralizing their toxic powers.There resulted from tllis, inspired, lhelped, or hlindered by the tlleories of conflicting schools, countless experiments that taughlt uls to recognize the fact that the blood serum gives evidence of reaction bodies (immune bodies) to very diverse substances (antigens) thiat have gained access to the svstem.Diverse tllouglh these substances be at first sight, they can all be classified as complicated proteins.They may be bacteria, toxins, products of vegetable origin,
The Origin and Conservation of Epidermal Specificities
Authors: R. E. Billingham, Willys K. Silvers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

EVEN the most cursory survey of the cutaneous system and its near relatives, which include the cornea and certain mucous membranes, such as those of the buccal and nasal cavities, and the vagina, reveals that they are far from being of uniform constitution. Indeed, they display an astounding functional and morphologic diversity.1 2 3 There is certainly a general basic pattern of morphology or design, as exemplified by the stratified superficial epidermis that covers most of the body. This has a relatively flat outer surface and a more irregular surface of union with the underlying dermis. However, close scrutiny has revealed that . . .
A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter phase II trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with tecemotide (L-BLP25) after R0/R1 hepatic colorectal cancer metastasectomy (LICC): Final results.
Authors: Carl Christoph Schimanski, Stefan Kasper, Susanna Hegewisch-Becker, Jan Schroeder, Friedrich Overkamp, Frank Kullmann, Wolf Otto Bechstein, Matthias Vöhringer, Robert Oellinger, Florian Lordick, Volker Heinemann, Michael Geissler, Armin Schulz-Abelius, Bernhard Linz, Helga Bernhard, Michael R. Schoen, Richard Greil, Victoria Smith-Machnow, Irene Schmidtmann, Markus Hermann Moehler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

480 Background: Hepatic metastasectomy is the only potential curative treatment option for stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) limited to liver metastases (LM). After R0 resection of LM the high recurrence rate remains a major challenge. L-BLP25 is an antigen-specific cancer vaccine targeting mucin 1 (MUC1). The LICC trial aimed to improve survival outcome in mCRC patients (pts) after R0/R1 LM resection. Methods: This LICC trial, a binational, multicenter, double-blinded, placebo controlled phase II trial, included pts with stage IV LM limited CRC after resection of primary tumor and LM (R0/R1) within the last 8 weeks, ECOG 0/1 and adequate organ function. Pts were 2:1 randomized to receive L-BLP25 or placebo. L-BLP25 930 µg was administered as 8 weekly subcutaneous doses followed by 6 week maintenance intervals until recurrence or a maximum of 2 years. Cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m 2 (CP) or matching saline (NS) was given intravenously 3 days prior to first L-BLP25/placebo. Co-primary endpoints were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and 3-year overall survival (OS), secondary endpoints were RFS and OS in subgroups with different MUC1 expression and safety. Differences in RFS and OS were analyzed with exploratory log-rank tests on the intention-to-treat population. Results: Of 121 pts enrolled between Oct 2011 and Dec 2014, 79 pts received L-BLP25+CP, 42 placebo+NS. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. Median age was 60 years. Median RFS was 6.1 (90% CI: 5.8-8.8) vs. 11.4 months (90% CI: 5.0-20.3) and estimated 3-year OS rate 69.1% vs. 79.1% for L-BLP25 and placebo, respectively. Two-factorial Cox regression models showed no impact of MUC1 expression or treatment on RFS or OS. The most common L-BLP25-related grade 3/4 adverse events were diarrhea, anemia and back pain. There was one death in the L-BLP25 arm due to Merkel cell carcinoma assessed by the investigator as being potentially related to vaccination. Conclusions: The LICC trial failed to meet its primary endpoint of significantly improving RFS and OS with L-BLP25. MUC1 expression was not associated with outcome. Clinical trial information: NCT01462513 . Clinical trial information: NCT01462513.
RBRVS: objections to Maloney, II
Authors: S E Radecki, P B Ginsburg, R D Lasker
Journal: JAMA (1992)

"A CRITICAL Analysis of the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale" by James V. Maloney, Jr, MD,<sup>1</sup>concludes that Medicare's resource-based fee schedule is based on a misunderstanding of data on income and hours of work of physicians in different specialties. He calculates that earnings per hour (before implementation of the fee schedule) are similar for surgeons and nonsurgeons. Unfortunately, Dr Maloney has committed a series of errors in use of the data. When some of his most egregious errors are corrected, the widely held belief that procedural work is much more highly paid than evaluation and management services is confirmed. Dr Maloney combines data from<i>Medical Economics</i><sup>2</sup>on median income by specialty in 1988 with log-diary data from the late 1970s on mean hours worked from the University of Southern California (USC) National Study of Medical and Surgical Specialties.<sup>3</sup>Comparing medians and means from two data sources with
THE IMMUNITY OF LIVING TISSUES TO DIGESTION
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neurology
Authors: D. J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1979)

My concepts of neurology are based on the thesis that neurology is a branch of medicine (as opposed to surgery) and that it will flourish best in a situation where it is closely allied to internal medicine. Some neurological diseases (particularly stroke, headache, and movement disorders) occur with great frequency in the population, are a part of every clinician's experience, and still may produce devastating illness. Several studies dealing with these areas have been published in the past year, and because I consider them to be of interest to the medical community as a whole, I have chosen them for review. <h3>Stroke</h3> Toole and his association<sup>1</sup>provided a comprehensive study of 225 patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) due primarily to atherosclerosis. The patients were followed up for periods of from 3 to 14 years (average, 5.5 years). For study purposes the patients were separated into three groups, untreated,
DANGERS OF PLASMA DEPLETION
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
... Further Comment
Authors: R. Mark Vetto
Journal: JAMA (1974)

It is difficult to generate data that are clear and conclusive when one is working on an "end of the line" clinical area where not very much can be done for the patient. Thus, determination of exact disease classification categories and quantitative evaluation of results, in terms of developing a constant expectation from therapy, are difficult. But it is here that individual successes are spectacular and well remembered. Those of us who have done a large amount of vascular surgery usually set out to achieve a total technical correction of vascular occlusion. This is as it should be since operation permits this type of correction. But we are all familiar with the patient who has symptoms of peripheral occlusive vascular disease on whom we are reluctant to perform surgery for a number of valid reasons. It is possible to help some of these patients by producing a small improvement in
OUR HOSPITALS.
Authors: H. D. NILES
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The evolution of the hospital—including the growth and development of hospital work—has, in recent years, been so rapid and so far-reaching that comparatively few people in or out of the profession realize that these institutions have already become one of the most potential factors in progressive medicine, and that the time is not far distant when they may exercise an influence over the destiny of medicine greater than all others combined. Originally intended by their benevolent founders simply as temporary homes where the sick poor might secure proper medical care and nursing, the peculiar advantages of hospital appliances, methods and nursing soon became favorably known to all classes; good men early became identified with the enterprise; medical students sought these places for clinical instruction; people of means contributed to their support and the hospital enterprise continued to grow in prosperity and usefulness. Hospital boards and the general public, who have
Editorial: Solitary pulmonary nodules.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

the safety and efficacy of the 36 000 products which can be prescribed and which existed before it was set up.The Committee must surely have priorities in examination of established medicines, and it might be useful for it to review the antirheumatic drugs as one of those priorities.Anti- rheumatic drugs account for half the commonly reported iatrogenic deaths in Britain, and gold therapy produces the highest number of deaths per prescription.7So the question still remains in 1975, is gold therapy worth the risk ?
Successful treatment of ciguatera fish poisoning with intravenous mannitol
Authors: N. A. Palafox
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Twenty-four patients with acute ciguatera fish poisoning were treated with intravenous mannitol, and each patient's condition improved dramatically. All exhibited marked lessening of neurologic and muscular dysfunction within minutes of the administration of mannitol. Gastrointestinal symptoms disappeared more slowly. Two patients in coma and one in shock responded within minutes, with full recovery after infusion. Although these observations were empiric and uncontrolled and the mechanism of action of mannitol in this disease is unclear, mannitol should be considered for initial use in patients with significant illness and morbidity from ciguatera fish poisoning. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2740-2742)
Acrodermatitis enteropathica
Authors: NIELS DANBOLT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

The first publication identifying acrodermatitis enteropathica as a definite disease (Danbolt & Closs, 1942) is reviewed. Later studies are briefly surveyed, resulting in the recognition of the disease as a zinc deficiency which can be effectively corrected by administration of small oral doses of zinc.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS IN CARCINOMA OF THE UTERUS.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal