tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunologic aspects of neurological and neuromuscular diseases
Authors: B. Zweiman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE NERVOUS system traditionally has been considered an "immunologically privileged" site that is shielded by functional or anatomic barriers from systemic immune responses.<sup>1</sup>However, several lines of experimental and clinical evidence suggest that immune responses can affect and even take place within the nervous system. The nature of the antigen-presenting cells in the central nervous system (CNS) is controversial. Fontana et al<sup>2</sup>reported that astrocytes can present antigen-to-antigen reactive T cells in culture in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted fashion. Furthermore, the astrocyte can be induced to express MHC class II antigens after exposure to interferon gamma or viruses. However, others have not been able to reproduce all of these findings and have marshaled evidence for microglia of bone marrow origin as the important antigen-presenting cells in the CNS. There also is increasing interest in the role of various cytokines in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Astrocytes secrete
Treatment of postsurgical thromboembolic complications
Authors: H. Langsjoen
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Under randomized and controlled conditions, 37 orthopedic patients at high risk from thromboembolic complications were given dextran 40 (Rheomacrodex), in a dose of about 1 gm/kg of body weight per 24 hours, for 52 hours after surgery because of its beneficial effect on red blood cell aggregation. The visible aggregation and the elevation of fibrinogen level usually observed in these patients, as well as the incidence of thromboembolism, were found to be significantly reduced in the treated group when compared to in 36 controls. Dextran 40 proved to be useful in the prevention of postsurgical thromboembolism.
December 26, 2001
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Alberto Ascherio, MD, DrPH; Kassandra L. Munger, MSc; Evelyne T. Lennette, PhD; Donna Spiegelman, ScD; Miguel A. Hernán, MD, DrPH; Michael J. Olek, DO; Susan E. Hankinson, ScD; David J. Hunter, ScD
Impact of Halogenated Compounds on Calcium Homeostasis in Hepatocytes
Authors: Leon Moore, Daniel R. Schoenberg, Rochelle M. Long
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Halocarbons (CCl4, 1,1-dichlorethylene) cause a wide spectrum of effects and injury in hepatocytes. One early effect of these compounds is the inhibition and destruction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium pump. Subsequent to inhibition of this pump, the ER calcium pool is depleted and cytosolic levels of calcium are increased for a prolonged period of time. This effect of halocarbons has been characterized and is similar in vivo and in vitro. The importance of this redistribution of cell calcium in expression of halocarbon injury of hepatocytes has not been fully resolved. Several degradative enzymes (phospholipases, proteases) have been implicated as calcium-dependent mediators in toxicity. Our preliminary studies of the effect of calcium redistribution suggest that activation of a calcium-sensitive endonuclease in liver does not play a central role in initiating the lethal effect of halocarbons on hepatocytes.
Journal of Nuclear Medicine, Chicago
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MMPs are required for recruitment of antigen-nonspecific mononuclear cells into the liver by CTLs
Authors: Giovanni Sitia, Masanori Isogawa, Matteo Iannacone, Iain L. Campbell, Francis V. Chisari, Luca G. Guidotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

We recently showed that antigen-nonspecific inflammatory cells are recruited into the liver when hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CTLs are injected into HBV transgenic mice, and that this process amplifies the severity of liver disease. We also showed that the severity of CTL-induced liver disease is ameliorated by the depletion of Gr-1+ cells (Gr-1 is an antigen highly expressed by neutrophils), which, secondarily, abolishes the intrahepatic recruitment of all antigen-nonspecific Gr-1– mononuclear cells (NK and NKT cells, T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) despite the strong induction of chemokine gene expression. Those results suggested that in addition to chemokine expression, CTL-induced functions are necessary for mononuclear cell recruitment to occur. We now report that MMPs known to be produced by Gr-1+ cells are rapidly induced in the livers of CTL-injected mice. The inhibition of MMP activity reduced the intrahepatic recruitment of antigen-nonspecific mononuclear cells and much of the attending liver disease without affecting the migration or antiviral potential of antigen-specific CTLs. The notion that the inhibition of MMP activity is associated with maintenance of antiviral effects but diminished tissue damage may be significant for the development of immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of chronic HBV infection.
Table of Contents
Authors: Pierre Ronco, Brad Rovin, Masaomi Nangaku, Christina Wyatt, Vivekanand Jha, Ishita Moghe, Rebecca Hu, Puja Dhungana, William Fissell, Kim Solez, Anna Köttgen, Michael Köttgen, Jürgen Floege, Richard Johnson, Roman Bülow, Jesper Kers, Peter Boor, Masahiro Nezu, Norio Suzuki, Michael Shlipak, Lekha Tummalapalli, L Boulware, Morgan Grams, Joachim Ix, Andre-Pascal Kengne, Magdalena Madero, Borislava Mihaylova, Navdeep Tangri, Michael Cheung, Michel Jadoul, Wolfgang Winkelmayer, Sophia Zoungas, Aude Servais, Kay Thomas, Dello Luca, John Strologo, Soumeya Sayer, Aurelia Bekri, Matthew Bertholet-Thomas, Giovanna Bultitude, Rimante Capolongo, Michel Cerkauskiene, Steeve Daudon, Valentine Doizi, Silvia Gillion, Jan Gràcia-Garcia, Laurence Halbritter, Marleen Heidet, Sandrine Van Den Heijkant, Bertrand Lemoine, Francesco Knebelmann, Elena Emma, Christopher Esezobor, Adebowale Ademola, Adewale Adetunji, Emmanuel Anigilaje, Anthony Batte, Fatima Jiya-Bello, Francis Furia, Uzoamaka Muoneke, Mignon Mcculloch, Peter Nourse, Patience Obiagwu, Odutola Odetunde, Perditer Okyere, Adaobi Solarin, Elliot Tannor, Damien Noone, Rasheed Gbadegesin, Katrina Blazek, Anita Van Zwieten, Valeria Saglimbene, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Xiaoyang Wang, Robert Lopez, Rebecca Luchtel, Sassan Hafizi, Benjamin Gartrell, Niraj Shenoy, Catherine Jayapandian, Yijiang Chen, Andrew Janowczyk, Matthew Palmer, Clarissa Cassol, Miroslav Sekulic, Jeffrey Hodgin, Jarcy Zee, Stephen Hewitt, Naveen Bade, Dana Rizk, Wagr Syndrome, Yoshinosuke Shimamura, Takayuki Okamoto, Koki Abe, Maeda Takuto, Yayoi Ogawa, Hideki Takizawa, Cyril Mousseaux, Chloë Schwarz, Hugo Garcia, Inna Mohamadou, Laurent Mesnard, Yosu Luque, Nattawat Klomjit, Kabeer Shah, Sandra Herrmann, John Lieske
Journal: Kidney International (2020)
Dissociation of plasma and spinal fluid ACTH in Nelson syndrome
Authors: J. E. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Nine years after a bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing syndrome and three years after a craniotomy for a chromophobe adenoma, a 51-year-old white woman with marked hyperpigmentation was reexamined because of recurrent visual field losses. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels were elevated. Following intravenous administration of hydrocortisone, the serum ACTH levels were only partially suppressed. Unexpectedly, the cerebral spinal fluid ACTH level increased and remained elevated. (<i>JAMA</i>228:491-492, 1974)
Medical News &amp; Perspectives
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
REPORT OF LIBRARIAN.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Author Degree
Authors: Frank Sinicrope, Qian Shi, Steven Alberts
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2017)

Martin C. S. Wong, MD, MPH; Jessica Y. L. Ching, MPH; Thomas Y. T. Lam, MSc ; Simpson K. C. Ng; John C. T. Wong, MD; Justin C. Y. Wu, MD; Francis K. L. Chan, MD, DSc
Rabies Vaccine
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Indications for ACE Inhibitors in the Early Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Several large-scale trials have demonstrated improved survival with ACE-inhibitor therapy started during acute myocardial infarction. A systematic overview was conducted to resolve uncertainties regarding time of initiation, time course of effect, and identification of patients in whom the benefits or the risks may be greater. Methods and Results —This overview aimed to include individual data from all randomized trials involving more than 1000 patients in which ACE-inhibitor treatment was started in the acute phase (0 to 36 hours) of myocardial infarction and continued for a short time (4 to 6 weeks). Data were available for 98 496 patients from 4 eligible trials, and the results were consistent among the trials. Thirty-day mortality was 7.1% among patients allocated to ACE inhibitors and 7.6% among control subjects, corresponding to a 7% (SD, 2%) proportional reduction (95% CI, 2% to 11%; 2 P &lt;0.004). This represented avoidance of ≈5 (SD, 2) deaths per 1000 patients, with most of the benefit observed within the first week. The proportional benefit was similar in patients at different underlying risk. The absolute benefit was particularly large in some high-risk groups (ie, Killip class 2 to 3, heart rate ≥100 bpm at entry) and in anterior MI. ACE-inhibitor therapy also reduced the incidence of nonfatal cardiac failure (14.6% versus 15.2%, 2 P =0.01) but was associated with an excess of persistent hypotension (17.6% versus 9.3%, 2 P &lt;0.01) and renal dysfunction (1.3% versus 0.6%, 2 P &lt;0.01). Conclusions —These results support the use of ACE inhibitors early in the treatment of acute MI, either to a wide range of patients or selectively in patients with anterior MI and in those at increased risk of death.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jeffrey A. Sparks
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by painful, swollen joints that can severely impair physical function and quality of life. The presenting symptoms of musculoskeletal pain, swelling, and stiffness are common in clinical practice, so familiarity with diagnosing and managing RA is crucial. Patients with RA are at greater risk for serious infection, respiratory disease, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality than the general population. In recent years, early diagnosis, aggressive treatment, and expanded therapeutic options of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have markedly improved both the management and long-term prognosis of RA.
THE ANNUAL SESSIONS.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE EYESIGHT OF CHILDREN.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolic effect of sodium selenite: Insulin-like inhibition of glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis in the isolated perfused rat liver*1, *2
Authors: M RODEN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Selenium, an essential trace element, has been shown to decrease plasma glucose concentrations of diabetic rats. To study the short-term effects of selenium on hepatic carbohydrate metabolism, isolated perfused livers of fed Sprague-Dawley rats were continuously infused with sodium selenite for 90 minutes. This resulted in an immediate elevation of selenium in the effluent perfusate (3.3 ± 0.1, 16.1 ± 0.4, 30.3 ± 1.6, and 118.9 ± 0.8 μmol/L at infusion of 10, 50, 100, and 500 μmol/L sodium selenite, respectively). Basal hepatic glucose production decreased in a dose-dependent manner within 60 minutes of low-dose sodium selenite infusion (10: 0.60 ± 0.20, 50: 0.21 ± 0.40, and 100 μmol/L: 0.21 ± 0.09 μmol · min−1 · g−1 liver; P < .05 vs. zero time), while it was transiently increased by 500 μmol/L sodium selenite (1.11 ± 0.18 μmol · min−1 · g−1 liver; P < .05). Glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis was suppressed by 50% (P < .05) at 1.8 nmol/ L insulin and by 90% (P < .001) at 10 μmol/L sodium selenite. That selenium concentration did not affect glutathione peroxidase activities in liver and perfusate erythrocytes within 60 minutes. Toxic effects of high-dose selenite (500 μmol/L), but not of low-dose selenite (10 μmol/L) infusion, were indicated by increased hepatic glucose (P < .05), lactate (P < .01), and lactate dehydrogenase (P < .001) release as well as histologically by degeneration and necrosis of periportal hepatocytes. In conclusion, low-dose selenite exerts a potent insulinlike effect on hepatic glycogenolysis in vitro by counter-acting glucagon action, whereas high-dose selenite may severely impair liver function.
From the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The new AIDS case definition. Implications for San Francisco
Authors: S. W. Chang
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE CENTERS for Disease Control (CDC) has proposed a new AIDS case definition to be effective April 1, 1992. This new definition will include those persons already meeting the 1987 AIDS definition<sup>1</sup>and will add all adults and adolescents infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and with CD4 lymphocyte counts less than 200/μL (200×106/L).<sup>2</sup> We review herein the importance of the CDC definition and the implications of the new definition, both for individuals and for the system of AIDS care. Our discussion will primarily focus on the effects of the 1992 definition on San Francisco, Calif. Although San Francisco has a distinctive case mix and system of AIDS care, we believe that these local effects portend changes that will be felt across the country. <h3>Historical Perspective</h3> The new definition represents the third revision of the CDC AIDS case definition. The list of indicator AIDS diagnoses in the original
Qualifications for Administrative Medicine: Is an MD Enough?-Reply
Authors: John E. Ott
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Shlian has noted correctly that a clinical background enriches the role of the physician manager, but does not substitute work-specific management skills and training. We also agree that it will become more difficult to make the transition from clinical practice to management without formal credentials. However, I believe Shlian's experience as a physician-executive recruiter may have exposed her to a biased sampling of management recruits, as young physicians just completing their business degree are more likely to contact physician recruiters. Further, the field of medical administration is quite broad and traditionally includes many members who are not traditionally hired through physician recruiters, such as academic department chairmen, federal and state employees, and the like. The American College of Physician Executives now has 6600 members. Of these, only 287 have an MBA and 55 a JD degree. The average age of the membership is 51 years. While I