tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INFANTILE PSEUDOLEUKEMIC ANEMIA
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sports participation, age at smoking initiation, and the risk of smoking among US high school students
Authors: L. G. Escobedo
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine smoking patterns, smoking initiation, and the relationship of sports participation and age at smoking initiation to regular and heavy smoking among adolescents. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A nationally representative sample of US high school students. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Prevalences of smoking patterns, prevalence and incidence of smoking initiation, and prevalences and odds of regular and heavy smoking in relation to sports participation and age at smoking initiation. <h3>Results.</h3> —Seventy-two percent of students reported experimenting with, formerly, or ever smoking cigarettes, and 32% reported smoking in the past 30 days. Students who had participated in interscholastic sports were less likely to be regular and heavy smokers than were others who had not participated. Smoking initiation rates increased rapidly after age 10 years and peaked at age 13 to 14 years. Students who began smoking at age 12 years or younger were more likely to be regular and heavy smokers than were students who began smoking at older ages. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These data suggest that smoking initiation at a young age can increase the risk of nicotine addiction during adolescence and that sports participation may influence smoking behavior. Interventions to prevent smoking should be available before age 12 years to help combat the smoking epidemic among youth. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:1391-1395)
Medical Student Loans Defaulted by Death-Reply
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1959)

ANY QUESTIONS?Metabolism of Sodium Lactate Q.-When fluids containing sodium lactate (racemic) are -administered intravenously at rates of 5-40 mEq lactate per hour, what proportion of the L-and D-forms respectively are metabolized, and what proportion excreted in the urine ?A.-It was shown by Cori and Cori' that in the rat most -of administered D-lactic acid is converted to liver glycogen, whereas L-lactic acid is not, and up to 30% appeared in the urine.According to the studies of Hartmann and Senn,' -administration intravenously of approximately 100 mEq of racemic sodium lactate to children results in the release of all the expected sodium for formation of bicarbonate.Only -very small quantities of lactate appeared in the urine, even with these amounts, and 90% of the additional blood lactate had disappeared in 15 minutes.It is therefore believed that most of the D-form is also converted to glycogen in man and that the L-form is largely oxidized.
Essays on Social Topics.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of routine IVUS guidance for stent implantation among experienced IVUS operators Javier Botas, Jaime Elizaga, Alicia Barrio, Eulogio Garcia, Javier Soriano, Manuel Abeytua, Javier Moreno, Leopoldo Perez Isla. Hospital Gregorio Mara�on, Madrid, Spain
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Elevated creatine kinase MB isoenzyme levels in marathon runners. Normal myocardial scintigrams suggest noncardiac source
Authors: A. J. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Elevated serum creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) levels are regarded as a sensitive and specific marker for myocardial injury. Serum CK-MB was measured in male marathon runners during training and after competition. Mean serum CK-MB measured by a quantitative electrophoretic technique (normal, &lt;5 IU/L) showed borderline elevation during training with peaks 24 hours after competition. Mean CK-MB in 64 serum samples from 35 runners after competition was 130 IU/L or 8.3% of total CK activity. Levels of CK-MB averaging 26 times the upper limits of normal would usually be considered indicative of massive myocardial necrosis. Myocardial scintigraphy with technetium Tc 99m pyrophosphate was performed after competition in 12 randomly selected runners with a mean postrace serum CK-MB level of 160 IU/L or 13%. Infarct-avid ("hot-spot") scintigraphy, appropriately timed to detect underlying myocardial abnormalities, was within normal limits in all subjects. Normal results of infarct-avid scintigraphy coincident with marked serum CK-MB elevations strongly suggests that CK-MB arises from a noncardiac or skeletal muscle source in these runners. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2049-2051)
Cerebral Circulation Tends To Resist Alterations Due To Drug Administration
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Neurosurgery
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Pain, that almost universal reason for seeking medical help, is the subject of more than one third of this annual volume intended primarily for neurosurgeons, but in this instance, interesting to all physicians. A difficult chapter on anatomy of pathways in the central nervous system is followed by practical chapters on intrathecal injections for pain management (phenol, alcohol, and cold and hyperosmotic solutions), open high cervical cordotomy, and percutaneous cervical cordotomy. Electrical stimulation of the skin, peripheral nerves, and the dorsal columns of the spinal cord (to study interference with the central recognition of pain), are discussed in separate chapters that can give the generalist some idea of the relatively esoteric instruments used by neurosurgeons who have revived and transformed a century-old electric treatment machine. Operations on the brain stem and basal ganglia for relief of pain are described, followed by results of anterior cingulate operations for pain. This form
Drug Resistance Tests to Predict Response to Treatment for HIV Infection
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Summaries for Patients7 December 1999Drug Resistance Tests to Predict Response to Treatment for HIV InfectionSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-11-199912070-00025 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, the virus that causes AIDS) often becomes resistant to drug treatment. “Resistant” means that the virus's genes have changed so that the available drugs no longer work to destroy it. Special tests for resistance to anti-HIV drugs have recently become available. However, it is not really known whether these tests can help doctors predict which patients will respond to HIV drug treatment.Why did the researchers do this particular study?They wanted to find out whether testing for resistance to anti-HIV drugs could ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “HIV-1 Genotypic Resistance Patterns Predict Response to saquinavir–ritonavir Therapy in Patients in Whom Previous Protease Inhibitor Therapy Had Failed.” It is in the 7 December 1999 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 131, pages 813-821). The authors are A.R. Zolopa, R.W. Shafer, A. Warford, J.G. Montoya, P. Hsu, D. Katzenstein, T.C. Merigan, and B. Efron.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoHIV-1 Genotypic Resistance Patterns Predict Response to saquinavir–ritonavir Therapy in Patients in Whom Previous Protease Inhibitor Therapy Had Failed Andrew R. Zolopa , Robert W. Shafer , Ann Warford , Jose G. Montoya , Phillip Hsu , David Katzenstein , Thomas C. Merigan , and Brad Efron Metrics 7 December 1999Volume 131, Issue 11Page: 813KeywordsAIDSDrug therapyDrugsHIVHIV infectionsHIV-1HospitalsProtease inhibitor therapy ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 7 December 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
National Health Service 2010 Annual Evidence Update published on HIV and TB co-infection
Authors: Collective Editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: National Health Service 2010 Annual Evidence Update published on HIV and TB co-infection, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/48/art19733-en-1.gif
Pembrolizumab (pembro) versus investigator’s choice (paclitaxel, docetaxel, or vinflunine) in recurrent, advanced urothelial cancer (UC): 2-year follow-up from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-045 trial.
Authors: Yves Fradet, Joaquim Bellmunt, Ronald De Wit, David J. Vaughn, Jae-Lyun Lee, Lawrence Fong, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, Miguel A. Climent, Daniel Peter Petrylak, Toni K. Choueiri, Andrea Necchi, Winald R. Gerritsen, Howard Gurney, David I. Quinn, Stephane Culine, Cora N. Sternberg, Kijoeng Nam, Tara L. Frenkl, Rodolfo F. Perini, Dean F. Bajorin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

4521 Background: Based on interim results from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-045 (NCT02256436) study comparing pembro and investigator's choice of chemotherapy (chemo), pembro was approved for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic UC that has progressed during or after a platinum-containing regimen. Updated results after 2-year follow-up are presented. Methods: Eligible patients (histologically or cytologically confirmed UC, progression after platinum, ECOG PS 0-2, measurable disease per RECIST v1.1, ≤2 lines of systemic therapy) were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive pembro 200 mg Q3W or investigator's choice of paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 Q3W, docetaxel 75 mg/m2 Q3W, or vinflunine 320 mg/m2 Q3W. Primary efficacy end points were OS and PFS (RECIST v1.1, blinded central review). ORR (RECIST v1.1, blinded central review) was a secondary end point. Results: As of Oct 26, 2017, among 542 enrolled patients (pembro, 270; chemo, 272), median follow-up was 27.7 mo. Median OS was significantly longer with pembro vs chemo (10.3 vs 7.3 mo; HR, 0.70; P< 0.0002). OS benefit with pembro vs chemo was seen in all PD-L1 expression subgroups (HR; combined positive score [CPS] < 1, 0.82; CPS ≥1, 0.58; CPS < 10, 0.75; CPS ≥10, 0.56) and was maintained regardless of age, ECOG PS, prior therapy, liver metastases, baseline hemoglobin, time from last chemo, histology, risk factor group, and choice of chemo. PFS was not different between arms (2.1 vs 3.3 mo; HR, 0.96; P= 0.32). ORR was higher with pembro vs chemo (21.1% vs 11.0%). Median duration of response was longer with pembro (not reached [1.6+ to 30.3+ mo] vs 4.4 mo [1.4+ to 29.9+ mo]), and a greater proportion of responses lasted ≥12 mo (68% vs 35%) per Kaplan-Meier method. Fewer patients with pembro vs chemo experienced a treatment-related adverse event of any grade (62.0% vs 90.6%) and a grade ≥3 adverse event (16.5% vs 50.2%). Conclusions: Results observed over 2-year follow-up, including OS benefit and superior safety with pembro vs chemo, were consistent with the interim analyses that led to the approval of pembro in locally advanced or metastatic UC that progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT02256436.
Cerebrovascular Diseases
Authors: David H. Morse
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In the editorial introducing the first issue, the editors indicate their intention to focus on clinical aspects of cerebrovascular disease. They further state that ... because the field of cerebrovascular diseases encompasses varied specialties, such as neurology, internal medicine, surgery, radiology, epidemiology, cardiology, hematology, psychology, or rehabilitation, we are confident that<i>Cerebrovascular Diseases</i>will be a journal of synthesis and alliances of opinions, be they consensus or controversy, instead of a catalogue of hyperspecialized articles. This is a laudable goal but seems unlikely to be achieved given the sheer size of the literature on cerebrovascular disease.<i>Cerebrovascular Diseases</i>will publish 60 articles each year, while English-language clinical articles published annually on cerebrovascular diseases number about 2000. It is difficult to imagine how a relatively small journal that casts such a wide net can avoid the trap of becoming "a catalogue of hyperspecialized articles." In competing for space on the clinician's desk,
Another Word of Caution Regarding a New Long-Acting Bronchodilator
Authors: Roger C. Bone
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In a<i>JAMA</i>Editorial published on May 11,1994, I first warned of the dangers from misuse of salmeterol xinafoate.<sup>1</sup>Newspaper reports assert that since the introduction of salmeterol in the United States, perhaps as many as 20 asthma patients have died because of the possible misuse of this bronchodilator.<sup>2,3</sup>The newspaper articles were in reaction to a letter in the November 10,1994, issue of<i>The New England Journal of Medicine</i>in which Dr Frank N. Finkelstein<sup>4</sup>of Plymouth, Mass, noted the respiratory deaths of two elderly women who were both found holding salmeterol inhalers. The women had been warned about the delayed reaction of salmeterol, and both had albuterol for emergencies. It has been hypothesized that these and other deaths may be related to the inappropriate use of salmeterol for an acute attack of asthma. In a January 16,1995, "Dear Doctor" letter from Allen &amp; Hanburys, the
Phenprocoumon for prevention of shunt occlusion after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: A randomized tria
Authors: P Sauer
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Development of stenosis or occlusion of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS) is one of the major limiting factors in the long-term viability of this procedure. The efficacy of anticoagulation with heparin which is used in different centers is still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of phenprocoumon on shunt patency after TIPSS placement using Palmaz stents; 49 patients with Child's A and B cirrhosis, who underwent successful TIPSS placement were randomized into the treatment group (n = 24) who received phenprocoumon and a control group (n = 25). After 11 to 13 weeks, all patients were admitted and had a reevaluation that included control angiography by transjugular approach. Phenprocoumon treatment was stopped after the first reevaluation and both groups were followed for 1 year after randomization. During the 3-month treatment period 11 of 22 patients of the treatment group and 12 of 23 patients of the control group required reintervention because of an increased portosystemic gradient. Five of the 12 patients in the control group showed complete occlusion of the shunt, whereas no occlusion in the treatment group was observed (P < .05). During the mean follow-up of 8 months after the treatment was stopped, in both groups stenosis occurred in 50% of patients, but no further occlusion of the stent was observed. These data indicate that occlusion of the stent is related to thrombosis, whereas stenosis does not appear to be dependent on blood coagulation. In patients with preserved liver function occlusion of the shunt may be prevented by phenprocoumon treatment in the first 3 months after TIPSS placement. Thereafter shunt occlusion was not observed and further phenprocoumon treatment seemed unnecessary. (Hepatology 1996 Dec;24(6):1433-6)
Influenza antiviral susceptibility monitoring activities in relation to national antiviral stockpiles in Europe during the winter 2006/2007 season
Authors: A Meijer, A Lackenby, A Hay, M Zambon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

Due to the influenza pandemic threat, many countries are stockpiling antivirals in the hope of limiting the impact of a future pandemic virus. Since resistance to antiviral drugs would probably significantly alter the effectiveness of antivirals, surveillance programmes to monitor the emergence of resistance are of considerable importance. During the 2006/2007 influenza season, an inventory was conducted by the European Surveillance Network for Vigilance against Viral Resistance (VIRGIL) in collaboration with the European Influenza Surveillance Scheme (EISS) to evaluate antiviral susceptibility testing by the National Influenza Reference Laboratories (NIRL) in relation to the national antiviral stockpile in 30 European countries that are members of EISS. All countries except Ukraine had a stockpile of the neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) oseltamivir. Additionally, four countries had a stockpile of the NAI zanamivir and three of the M2 ion channel inhibitor rimantadine. Of 29 countries with a NAI stockpile, six countries'; NIRLs could determine virus susceptibility by 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and in 13 countries it could be done by sequencing. Only in one of the three countries with a rimantadine stockpile could the NIRL determine virus susceptibility, by sequencing only. However, including the 18 countries that had plans to introduce or extend antiviral susceptibility testing, the NIRLs of 21 of the 29 countries with a stockpile would be capable of susceptibility testing appropriate to the stockpiled drug by the end of the 2007/2008 influenza season. Although most European countries in this study have stockpiles of influenza antivirals, susceptibility surveillance capability by the NIRLs appropriate to the stockpiled antivirals is limited.
Retrospective Notes on Out-Patient Practice
Authors: C. M. Durrant
Journal: BMJ (1865)

IN reading the valuable and interesting paper by Dr. Ransome, of Bowdon, Cheshire, " On the Need of Combined Medical Observation", I was particularly struck with the following remarks.Speaking of the literary labours of the medical profession, Dr. Ransome observes: "All the Inore curious and rare forms of disease