tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The hyperperfused lung. Detection in congenital heart disease
Authors: G. F. Gates
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Thirty-nine children with various cardiac abnormalities were examined with perfusion lung scintigraphy with technetium Tc 99m macroaggregated albumin. Nuclide accumulation within each lung, which is proportional to the division of pulmonary arterial flow, was determined. Twenty-six patients had hyperperfusion of one lung, with a particularly high incidence occurring with the tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary artery stenosis or atresia, and following surgical systemic-pulmonic anastomoses. Consistent detection of imbalance in pulmonary flow by inspection of chest x-ray films was possible when one lung received at least 2 1/2 times the blood flow of the opposite side; with angiography, flow imbalance could be recognized when flow in one lung exceeded flow in the other by only 1 1/2 times. The radionuclide quantitative method was a more sensitive means of detecting early cases of mismatched pulmonary blood flow than roentgenography, which was non-quantitative and required the presence of relatively gross perfusion abnormalities before visual perception was possible. (<i>JAMA</i>233:782-786, 1975)
FDA Approval of a Second Acellular Pertussis Vaccine for Use Among Infants and Young Children
Journal: JAMA (1997)

On December 30, 1996, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licensed Wyeth-Lederle Vaccines and Pediatrics to distribute a combined diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) (ACEL-IMUNE) for all five doses of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccination series administered to infants and children aged 6 weeks-6 years (before the seventh birthday). Since December 1991, ACEL-IMUNE has been licensed for use as the fourth and fifth doses of the vaccination series among children aged 15 months-6 years who previously received three or four doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids combined with whole-cell pertussis vaccine (DTP). ACEL-IMUNE is the second acellular pertussis-containing vaccine to be licensed for use in infants in the United States.
Procrastination, Irresponsibility, and The Abnormal Infant
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgical Infections From Standpoint of Statute of Limitations
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Residency Training and Medical Education Resolutions Adopted
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunopathogenesis of Environmentally Induced Lupus in Mice
Authors: Victoria M. Shaheen, Minoru Satoh, Hanno B. Richards, Hideo Yoshida, Melody Shaw, J. Charles Jennette, Westley H. Reeves
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune syndrome defined by clinical and serologic features, including arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and certain autoantibodies such as antinuclear ribonucleoprotein (nRNP)/Smith antigen (Sm), DNA, and ribosomal P.Although lupus is considered primarily a genetic disorder, we recently demonstrated the induction of a syndrome strikingly similar to spontaneous lupus in many nonautoimmune strains of mice exposed to the isoprenoid alkane pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane), a component of mineral oil.Intraperitoneal injection of pristane leads to the formation of lipogranulomas consisting of phagocytic cells that have engulfed the oil and collections of lymphocytes.Subsequently, pristanetreated BALB/c and SJL mice develop autoantibodies characteristic of SLE, including anti-nRNP/Sm, antiribosomal P, anti-Su, antichromatin, anti-single-stranded DNA, and anti-double-stranded DNA.This is accompanied by a severe glomerulonephritis with immune complex deposition, mesangial or mesangiocapillary proliferation, and proteinuria.All inbred mice examined appear to be susceptible to this novel form of chemically induced lupus.Pristane-induced lupus is the only inducible model of autoimmunity associated with the clinical syndrome as well as with the characteristic serologic abnormalities of SLE.Defining the immunopathogenesis of pristane-induced lupus in mice may provide insight into the causes of spontaneous (idiopathic) lupus and also may lead to information concerning possible risks associated with the ingestion or inhalation of mineral oil and exposure to hydrocarbons in the environment.
The Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper Gene (GILZ) Expression Decreases after Successful Treatment of Patients with Endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome and May Play a Role in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Tove Lekva, Jens Bollerslev, Cybéle Kristo, Ole Krisoffer Olstad, Thor Ueland, Rune Jemtland
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

ContextGlucocorticoid-induced bone loss is a serious complication in patients with endogenous Cushing’s syndrome. However, the mechanism(s) by which excess glucocorticoids influence bone metabolism is not completely understood.
Impaired cardiovascular autonomic response to passive tilting in cirrhosis with ascites
Authors: G Laffi, A Lagi, M Cipriani, G Barletta, L Bernardi, L Fattorini, L Melani, D Riccardi, G Bandinelli, M Mannelli, G La Villa, P Gentilini
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The autonomic regulation of cardiovascular function was evaluated in 15 cirrhotic patients with ascites and in 13 healthy subjects by the autoregressive power spectral analysis (PSA) of the intervals between adjacent R waves of the electrocardiogram (RR) interval and arterial pressure variability. Total power, low frequency (LF; index of the sympathetic activity of the heart and circulation), and high frequency (HF; index of vagal tone to the heart) components of the RR interval, systolic, and diastolic arterial pressure were evaluated in the supine position and during passive tilting, together with plasma norepinephrine levels. In the supine position, no significant differences in the PSA data were observed between the control subjects and cirrhotic patients, who had higher plasma norepinephrine levels. In healthy subjects, tilting was associated with an increase in the LF of the RR interval and arterial pressure and a decrease in the HF of the RR interval. In contrast, patients with cirrhosis showed a decrease of both LF and HF. Consequently, the LF/HF ratio significantly increased in healthy subjects, whereas it was unchanged in cirrhotic patients. The LF component of the diastolic pressure also decreased during tilting in cirrhotic patients. Plasma norepinephrine increased after tilting in both groups. These results indicate that the autonomic response to passive tilting is impaired in cirrhotic patients with ascites at both the cardiac and vascular levels, as a result of an altered sympatho–vagal balance, with reduced sympathetic predominance. These alterations occurred despite an appropriate response to the tilting of plasma norepinephrine, pointing to a receptorial or postreceptorial site of the autonomic impairment.
The myth of the low anion gap
Authors: R. J. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Sixty-seven thousand seven hundred forty consecutive sets of electrolyte levels measured at the Massachusetts General Hospital were reviewed, and their anion gaps were calculated. A low anion gap (less than 8 mEq/L) was found in 304 patients (0.8%). Repeatedly low anion gaps were found in only 19 patients. Eight patients were hypoalbuminemic, and eight were hyponatremic. For the entire population, there was a positive correlation between sodium concentration and anion gap. The average anion gap was 16.25 mEq/L. The most common cause of a low anion gap was presumptive laboratory error. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1737-1738, 1980)
An international patient-centered outcome measurement set for colorectal cancer.
Authors: Jessica A. Zerillo, Maartje Gisele Schouwenburg, Annelotte van Bommel, Caleb Stowell, Cornelis J. H. Van De Velde, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e18104 Background: While there are tools to measure outcomes relevant to patients with colorectal cancer, none is universally accepted and none incorporates components of long-term clinical outcomes, acute complications, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods: The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement convened an international multidisciplinary working group to develop a comprehensive patient-centered outcome measurement set for patients with all stages of colorectal cancer. The working group utilized a literature review, patient focus group and their own clinical expertise to reach consensus on outcomes and case mix factors through a modified Delphi process. Measurement tools were selected by International Society of Quality of Life Research standards. The final list of PROs was validated through a patient survey. Results: The 29 members of the working group included patient representatives and palliative care, nursing, pathology, medical oncology, colorectal surgery and radiation oncology specialists from academic and nonacademic practices in Europe, Australia, Asia and the USA. The international focus group included 11 patients with colorectal cancer treated with palliative and curative intents. The working group defined four clinical outcomes applicable to all and eight specific to subgroups, such as presence of ostomy for patients with rectal cancer and hospital admission in the last 30 days of life for patients with advanced disease. An algorithm for documenting acute complications was developed. The working group defined 11 PROs applicable to all and eight specific to subgroups, such as erectile dysfunction for patients who received radiotherapy/surgery and neuropathy for those who received chemotherapy. 276 colorectal cancer patients completed the validation survey. Conclusions: Through use of extensive patient input, the international multidisciplinary group developed a patient-centered outcome measurement set incorporating clinical outcomes, acute complications and PROs for patients with colorectal cancer. This comprehensive measurement set allows for standardized international comparison on quality of care outcomes and will be revised annually.
Mystique, medical training, and clinical excellence
Authors: Robert G. Petersdorf
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> These letters reinforce one of the major arguments of my essay—that tenure is a highly emotional issue. Equating the preservation of tenure with humanitarianism, Oslerian tradition, and the "stupidity" of medical school administrations is obfuscatory and irrelevant. They also ignore the most important point of my article—namely, that in medical school, tenure guarantees only a small fraction of a faculty member's income. If all other sources of income are removed, the part that is protected by tenure would not be enough to sustain the life-style of most faculties, including probably the writers of the letters. These letters should also not be taken out of context with those of many thoughtful comments I have received. These arguments hold that at a time when retirement age is moving ever higher, or is being abolished altogether, the concept of tenure will keep universities from placing on their faculties the brightest young
MEDICAL ADVERTISEMENTS AND THE RELIGIOUS PRESS.
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Iowa Medical Board Upheld.—State Supreme Court Passes on the Mooted Question of Its Authority.—Des Moines, Ia., May 9.—[Special.]
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INT 0123 (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) Phase III Trial of Combined-Modality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: High-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Radiation Therapy
Authors: Bruce D. Minsky, Thomas F. Pajak, Robert J. Ginsberg, Thomas M. Pisansky, James Martenson, Ritsuko Komaki, Gordon Okawara, Seth A. Rosenthal, David P. Kelsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To compare the local/regional control, survival, and toxicity of combined-modality therapy using high-dose (64.8 Gy) versus standard-dose (50.4 Gy) radiation therapy for the treatment of patients with esophageal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 236 patients with clinical stage T1 to T4, N0/1, M0 squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma selected for a nonsurgical approach, after stratification by weight loss, primary tumor size, and histology, were randomized to receive combined-modality therapy consisting of four monthly cycles of fluorouracil (5-FU) (1,000 mg/m 2 /24 hours for 4 days) and cisplatin (75 mg/m 2 bolus day 1) with concurrent 64.8 Gy versus the same chemotherapy schedule but with concurrent 50.4 Gy. The trial was stopped after an interim analysis. The median follow-up was 16.4 months for all patients and 29.5 months for patients still alive. RESULTS: For the 218 eligible patients, there was no significant difference in median survival (13.0 v 18.1 months), 2-year survival (31% v 40%), or local/regional failure and local/regional persistence of disease (56% v 52%) between the high-dose and standard-dose arms. Although 11 treatment-related deaths occurred in the high-dose arm compared with two in the standard-dose arm, seven of the 11 deaths occurred in patients who had received 50.4 Gy or less. CONCLUSION: The higher radiation dose did not increase survival or local/regional control. Although there was a higher treatment-related mortality rate in the patients assigned to the high-dose radiation arm, it did not seem to be related to the higher radiation dose. The standard radiation dose for patients treated with concurrent 5-FU and cisplatin chemotherapy is 50.4 Gy.
Effect of <i>BRCA</i> Mutations on the Length of Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Y. Ben David, A. Chetrit, G. Hirsh-Yechezkel, E. Friedman, B.D. Beck, U. Beller, G. Ben-Baruch, A. Fishman, H. Levavi, F. Lubin, J. Menczer, B. Piura, J.P. Struewing, B. Modan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To study the role of BRCA mutations in ovarian cancer survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood samples and specimens of ovarian tumors (whenever blood samples were not available) at the time of the primary surgery were obtained in the course of a nationwide case-control study of women with ovarian cancer in Israel. The three common BRCA mutations in Israel (185delAG, 5382insC, and 6174delT) were analyzed with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction to amplify the exons containing the three mutations using fluor-labeled primers in a single reaction. Because each mutation is a small insertion or deletion, they can be detected as length polymorphisms. Patients were followed for up to 5 years (range, 20 to 64 months). Statistical analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Stepwise Cox regression analysis was used for determination of independent prognostic factors. RESULTS: This report is based on 896 blood or tumor specimens analyzed for the presence of the BRCA mutations. Of these, 234 women (26.1%) were found to be positive. A significant difference in survival pattern was found between BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers and noncarriers among the women with invasive ovarian cancer (median survival, 53.4 months v 37.8 months; 3-year survival, 65.8% v 51.9%, respectively). These differences were independent of age at diagnosis or stage of the disease. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that the survival of patients with ovarian cancer is affected by BRCA germline mutation, at least in the early years after diagnosis.
Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interleukin-1-Mediated Acute Lung Injury and Tolerance to Oxidative Injury
Authors: John E. Repine
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a highly potent molecule that has a myriad of effects in biologic systems.This brief review describes some of our findings on the effects of IL-1 in biologic systems.On the one hand, IL-1 treatment caused a neutrophil-dependent acute edematous lung injury that resembled changes in the lungs of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).On the other hand, IL-1 pretreatment conferred a tolerance to lung oxidative lung injury and ischemia-reperfusion insults-again conditions manifest in sick patients.The potential mechanisms responsible for these seemingly paradoxical influences of IL-1 are described and related to possible strategies for the treatment of patients with ARDS, ischemia- reperfusion disorders, and other oxidant-mediated conditions.
Merrill Moore
Authors: Joseph Garland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

MERRILL Moore, psychiatrist, poet, philosopher and friend, was born on September 11, 1903, at Columbia, Tennessee. His background was one of letters and of language, for his father, John Trotwood Moore, a novelist and historian and also a poet, was one of the literary leaders of the South at the turn of the century. He became ultimately state librarian for Tennessee, a post to which Merrill's mother succeeded after the death of her husband in 1929. Raised in such an environment it was as natural for young Merrill to curl his fingers around a pencil as it was for the . . .