tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ILEAL URINARY DIVERSION
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Frequent transmission of HTLV-III among spouses of patients with AIDS-related complex and AIDS
Authors: R. R. Redfield
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Seven cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex (ARC) associated with human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus (HTLV)-III infection were documented in married males whose family members consented to medical evaluation. Five spouses also had evidence of HTLV-III infection documented by isolation of virus and by detection of serum antibody directed against viral structural proteins. Three of the five HTLV-positive spouses also had clinical evidence of ARC. The remaining four spouses were clinically healthy. Eleven children (between 14 months and 13 years of age) were also evaluated for evidence of disease and exposure to HTLV-III. Only one 14-month-old child was seropositive for antibody to HTLV-III. These data support the opinion that close household contact to patients with ARC or AIDS is not an efficient mechanism for virus transmission, while demonstrating that HTLV-III can be transmitted by repeated heterosexual contact. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1571-1573)
COSMOPOLITAN CANCER RESEARCH SOCIETY
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Penicillin-resistant staphylococci in the community
Authors: J. O. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The appropriate use of antimicrobial agents must be reviewed at frequent intervals because new information becomes available about clinical pharmacology and alterations in the patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility. Each year there appear reports of major changes that require reconsideration of the choice and manner of application of some commonly used agents. Hexachlorophene had been used routinely for bathing newborn infants for more than 15 years before evidence that it may cause central nervous system poisoning prompted the Food and Drug Administration to recommend the abandonment of this routine practice.<sup>1</sup>More recently, strains of<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type B highly resistant in vitro to ampicillin have been reported from widely separated locations in the United States.<sup>1,2</sup>These strains were isolated from children with meningitis or sepsis, and bacteriological and clinical failures of therapy with ampicillin corroborated the results of these in vitro susceptibility tests. Physicians who had been using ampicillin
Physicians' Pocket Account Book.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Response of the Corpus Luteum to Luteinizing Hormone
Authors: G. D. Niswender
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

The response of steroidogenic tissues to tropic hormones is regulated in part by specific receptors in the target cells for the stimulatory hormone. As a result of hormone binding to receptor the enzyme adenylate cyclase is activated with a resultant increase in intracellular levels of cAMP. Enhanced protein kinase activity then leads to increased steroidogenesis via several possible mechanisms, including direct activation of components of steroidogenic enzyme systems via phosphorylation. The initial effects of tropic hormones such as LH are dependent upon the number of receptors present on the surface of the target cell. Numerous factors influence the number of LH receptors in the corpus luteum. A model is presented for the mechanisms involved in the loss and renewal of LH receptors in the luteal cell. The life of the LH receptor on luteal cells appears to be a single binding of hormone. The hormone-receptor complex is then internalized by endocytosis and the hormone is degraded in lysosomes. After internalization the receptor is also degraded in lysosomes or recycled via the Golgi apparatus. New or recycled receptors for LH are incorporated into the limiting membrane of protein containing secretory granules. One of the actions of LH is enhancement of the exocytosis of these secretory granules with incorporation of the limiting membrane (and the LH receptors?) of the granule into the plasma membrane of the cell. These proposed mechanisms explain the increase in the number of receptors for LH seen immediately after stimulation of the luteal cell with massive doses of LH and also explain the "down-regulation" of LH receptors 24 hr after administration of LH.
THE JOURNAL THREATENED.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase II trial of the oral PARP inhibitor olaparib in BRCA-deficient advanced breast cancer
Authors: A. Tutt, M. Robson, J. E. Garber, S. Domchek, M. W. Audeh, J. N. Weitzel, M. Friedlander, J. Carmichael
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

CRA501 Background: Olaparib (AZD2281; KU-0059436) is a novel, orally active PARP inhibitor that induces synthetic lethality in homozygous BRCA-deficient cells. A phase I trial identified 400 mg bd as the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) with an initial signal of efficacy in BRCA-deficient ovarian cancers (ASCO 2008; abst 5510). The primary aim of this study was to test the efficacy of olaparib in confirmed BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers with advanced refractory breast cancer. The secondary aim was to assess safety and tolerability in this population. Methods: In an international, multicenter, proof-of-concept, single-arm, phase II study, two sequential patient (pt) cohorts received continuous oral olaparib in 28-day cycles initially at the MTD, 400 mg bd (27 pts), and subsequently at 100 mg bd, a previously identified PARP inhibitory dose (27 pts). Eligibility criteria included confirmed BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation and recurrent, measurable chemotherapy-refractory breast cancer. The primary efficacy endpoint was best objective response rate (ORR; RECIST) post baseline. Progression-free survival (PFS) and clinical benefit rate were secondary endpoints. All adverse events were reported using CTCAE v3. Results: On November 20, 2008, 54 pts exposed to a median of three prior lines of chemotherapy had been enrolled. 27 pts were dosed at 400 mg bd (18 BRCA1 deficient and 9 BRCA2 deficient), and 24 of these had databased RECIST assessments. The ORR (currently based on unconfirmed responses) was 38% (9/24) (400 mg bd). Causally-related toxicity was mainly mild (grade 1–2) in severity; 9/27 pts (33%) had fatigue; 7/27 (26%) had nausea; 4/27 (15%) had vomiting; and 1/27 (4%) had anemia. Causally-related grade 3 or higher toxicities were seen in 5 pts (19%) with fatigue (3 pts), nausea (2 pts), and anemia (1 pt). 27 pts were treated in the subsequent 100 mg bd cohort where no data are currently available. Conclusions: Olaparib at 400 mg bd is well tolerated and highly active in advanced chemotherapy-refractory BRCA-deficient breast cancer. Toxicity in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers was similar to that reported previously in non-carriers. This first study with olaparib in BRCA-deficient breast cancers provides positive proof of concept for high activity and tolerability of a genetically defined targeted therapy. [Table: see text]
Quality of life and mood in patients with advanced cancer: Associations with prognostic understanding and coping style.
Authors: Ryan David Nipp, Areej El-Jawahri, William F. Pirl, Joel Nathan Fishbein, Samantha Moran, Caitlin McCarty, Justin Eusebio, Emily R. Gallagher, Elyse R. Park, Vicki A. Jackson, Joseph A. Greer, Jennifer S. Temel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

9517 Background: Patients’ prognostic understanding and coping styles influence their treatment decisions, but how these factors relate to their quality of life (QOL) and mood has not been well described. We sought to examine the associations of patients’ prognostic understanding and coping style with their QOL and mood. Methods: As part of an ongoing trial of early palliative care, we are assessing baseline QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General), mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), coping (Brief Cope), and prognostic understanding in patients within 8 weeks of diagnosis of advanced lung or gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. To determine associations, we used linear and logistic regression, adjusting for patients’ age, sex, cancer type, and marital status. Results: Of 300 participants (mean age=64.7 years; 138 (46%) female), 132 (44%) had GI cancer and 168 (56%) had lung cancer. Using cutoff score >7 for the HADS, 61 (20%) and 85 (28%) reported depression and anxiety. 138 (49%) reported their prognosis as terminal. A terminal perception of prognosis was associated with lower QOL and higher rates of anxiety. Emotional support, acceptance, and active coping styles were associated with better QOL and mood. Denial and self blame were associated with worse QOL and mood. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that acknowledging a terminal prognosis may be associated with greater physical and psychological distress, or conversely, patients with worse QOL and mood may better appreciate the gravity of their illness. Certain coping styles (self blame and denial) are associated with lower QOL and higher distress. Understanding the relationships among patients’ prognostic awareness, coping styles, QOL and mood will allow us to develop more effective supportive care interventions. Variable QOL Depression Anxiety Beta P OR P OR P Prognosis terminal -0.19 <0.01 1.53 0.29 2.19 0.02 Coping style Active 0.05 0.38 0.70 0.01 1.15 0.30 Denial -0.18 <0.01 1.15 0.26 1.32 0.01 Emotional support 0.18 <0.01 0.73 0.09 0.80 0.21 Behavioral disengagement -0.09 0.13 1.49 0.08 1.41 0.12 Positive reframing 0.09 0.14 0.85 0.19 0.97 0.76 Self blame -0.12 0.04 1.35 0.03 1.34 0.02 Acceptance 0.19 <0.01 0.76 0.03 0.78 0.04
A role for p53 in terminal epithelial cell differentiation
Authors: Z. Saifudeen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Terminal epithelial cell differentiation is a crucial step in development. In the kidney, failure of terminal differentiation causes dysplasia, cystogenesis, and cancer. The present study provides multiple lines of evidence implicating the tumor suppressor protein p53 in terminal differentiation of the renal epithelium. In the developing kidney, p53 is highly enriched in epithelial cells expressing renal function genes (RFGs), such as receptors for vasoactive hormones, the sodium pump, and epithelial sodium and water channels. In comparison, proliferating renal progenitors express little if any p53 or RFGs. p53 binds to and transactivates the promoters of RFGs. In contrast, expression of a dominant negative mutant form of p53 inhibits endogenous RFG expression. Moreover, binding of endogenous p53 to the promoters of RFGs coincides with the differentiation process and is attenuated once renal epithelial cells are fully differentiated. Finally, p53-null pups exhibit a previously unrecognized aberrant renal phenotype and spatial disorganization of RFGs. Interestingly, the p53-related protein p73 is unable to functionally compensate for the loss of p53 and fails to efficiently activate RFG transcription. We conclude that p53 promotes the biochemical and morphological differentiation of the renal epithelium. Aberrations in p53-mediated terminal differentiation may therefore play a role in the pathogenesis of nephron dysgenesis and dysfunction.
Errata
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Various authors have requested that the following changes be made in their published papers: FORD, A. B., AND HELLERSTEIN, H. K.: Work and heart disease. I. A physiologic study in the factory. Circulation 18: 823, 1958. On page 831, line 13, should read "… workers may expend energy at a higher rate off the job than on it. "
Addendum. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2021</i>. Diabetes Care 2021;44(Suppl. 1):S15–S33
Journal: Diabetes Care (2021)

Section 2, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes, of the Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021 has been annotated to include evidence from a trial on anti-CD3 antibody, teplizumab, in relatives at risk for type 1 diabetes that was reported in 2019, with an extension of the trial reported in 2021.The online version of the article (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-S002)reflects the changes described below.Recommendation 2.4 (p.S18) has been revised to read as follows:"Screening for type 1 diabetes risk with a GAD autoantibody is currently recommended in the setting of a research trial or can be considered an option in first-degree family members of a proband with type 1 diabetes.B"
New vaccines for respiratory tract ills? Genetic engineering pursues these goals
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

TWO CHILDHOOD diseases for which no prophylaxis exists may be prevented in the future by genetically engineered vaccines. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which causes bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis mostly in infants and young children, and group A streptococcus, which causes pharyngitis ("strep throat") and can lead to serious sequelae, are the targets. Michael W. Wathen, PhD, of the Cancer and Infectious Diseases Research Unit at the Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Mich, leads one group that is working with RSV. The virus' F and G glycoproteins are immunogenic: F governs cell-to-cell fusion (by which infection spreads within the body) and G governs viral attachment and penetration. Wathen and colleagues have isolated the portion of the F glycoprotein gene that stimulates antibody production and fused it with its counterpart from the gene for the G glycoprotein to make a chimeric FG glycoprotein, which can be used to induce an immune response against both of
Discrepancies between iodine and technetium thyroid scintigraphy
Authors: J. D. Barth
Journal: JAMA (1978)

FOR ROUTINE thyroid scanning, the sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m scan is preferred over sodium iodide I 131 scanning in many laboratories. Radiation safety for the patient and reduction of costs are the primary reasons for this. Discrepancies can occur between iodine scans (iodine I 123 and<sup>131</sup>I) as compared with<sup>99m</sup>Tc scans: eg, a nodule appearing cold on an iodine scan may be warm with a<sup>99m</sup>Tc scan.<sup>1-3</sup>To give other examples of discrepancies that can occur when<sup>99m</sup>Tc is compared with iodine, we present two cases. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 69-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for regulation of her diabetes mellitus. She had been insulin-dependent for the past 20 years. At the physical examination, a nodule that was 3 cm in diameter was palpable in the lower part of the right lobe of the thyroid. The nodule was not connected
Semaine des Hôpitaux de Paris
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Smoking and Cotton Dust Effects in Cotton Textile Workers: An Analysis of the Shape of the Maximum Expiratory Flow Volume Curve
Authors: E. Neil Schachter, Mary C. Kapp, Lucinda R. Maunder, Gerald Beck, Theodore J. Witek
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Cotton textile workers have an increased prevalence of both obstructive and restrictive lung function patterns when compared to control subjects. Similar abnormal lung function patterns may occur with other respiratory diseases, notably those associated with cigarette smoking. The shape of the maximum expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curve has been used to characterize patterns of lung function abnormality. We defined a new functional parameter (angle beta) related to the shape of the MEFV curve in order better to characterize the respiratory effects of cotton dust exposure. In this study, 477 cotton textile workers, both current smokers and never smokers 45 years and older, were compared to 932 similarly aged control subjects from three communities: Lebanon and Ansonia, CT, and Winnsboro, SC. Smokers, regardless of their occupational exposure of sex, have smaller values of beta than do nonsmokers. Cotton textile workers who have more abnormal lung function than do controls, cannot be distinguished from controls by beta. We suggest that such functional differences between cotton and smoking effects may reflect injury to different portions of the bronchial tree.
Evaluation of a New Antipsychotic Agent
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal