tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
WASHINGTON NEWS
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>PHS on Oral Vaccine.—</h3> A special advisory committee to the Public Health Service urged renewed drives by local communities during the fall and winter to vaccinate the younger age groups against poliomyelitis. The report was prepared by a Special Advisory Committee on Oral Poliomyelitis Vaccine and was made public by Surgeon General Luther L. Terry, MD. The committee's report said that the age groups to be immunized and the vaccine chosen for use should be determined locally. The committee said, however, that in its view the oral vaccination of persons over 18 years of age should "generally be recommended only in those situations in which unusual exposure to poliomyelitis might be anticipated, such as epidemics, entry into military service, and travel to other countries." The committee recommended strongly the immunization of infants during their first year of life and the routine immunization of all children entering school. Terry, in releasing
Long lasting CEA specific humoral and cellular immune responses in colorectal carcinoma patients vaccinated with recombinant CEA and GM-CSF. The antibody response correlated significantly to survival
Authors: G. J. Ullenhag, J.-E. Frödin, M. Jeddi-Tehrani, K. Strigård, E. Eriksson, A. Samanci, B. Nilsson, E. D. Rossmann, S. Mosolits, H. Mellstedt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

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Benefits and costs of screening and treatment for early breast cancer. Development of a basic benefit package
Authors: H. Kattlove
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To develop a basic benefit package for detection and treatment of early breast cancer by evaluating the effectiveness and costs for screening mammography, primary surgery, adjuvant therapy, and follow-up care. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Published articles were retrieved through MEDLINE; additional articles were obtained through searches of their bibliographies. Cancer statistics were taken from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program data, population statistics were taken from US Census data, and charges from 1993 Southern California Medicare fees were used to represent costs. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Studies were selected on the basis of their design. Preference, in decreasing order, was given to meta-analyses of randomized trials, individual randomized clinical trials, prospective cohort studies, retrospective cohort studies, and case series. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Studies were examined for the effect of the intervention on overall survival, disease-free survival, and health-related quality of life. We evaluated effects on survival in terms of number of lives saved at 10 years and average years of life saved. Costs were related to the benefits observed and modeled onto a hypothetical health care organization of 500 000 lives. <h3>Results.</h3> —Based on this analysis, we recommend a basic benefit plan for the detection and treatment of early breast cancer that would include the following: (1) screening mammography only for women aged 50 to 69 years; (2) choice of mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery with radiation therapy for all women with early breast cancer; (3) adjuvant therapy for all women at risk of recurrence; and (4) only clinical follow-up without routine testing for metastatic disease. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —By choosing which services they provide to specific groups of patients, providers can substantially reduce their expenses and still provide quality health benefits. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:142-148)
Symptoms, Signs and Findings in Humans Exposed to PCBs and Their Derivatives
Authors: G. Reggiani, R. Bruppacher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The records of the health effects caused by some accidental exposure and findings from medical examination in cases exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) as well as to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and their derivatives polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) and dibenzodioxins (PCDD) have provided some information for the recognition and classification of their toxicity in humans. The most impressive clinical features have been presented by the yusho episode of exposure. Dermatologic signs are the most persistent indicator of a considerable uptake. Neurological symptoms, respiratory findings and impairment of liver function are further aspects of the contamination. Skin manifestations have been observed also in the newborn infants from mothers exposed to high levels of the substances. However, the available data make it still hard to assess the clinical picture of the effects on humans in cases of acute exposure and even more the effects on reproduction and long-term effects. Furthermore it would still be arbitrary to draw a line between the symptoms which can be referred to PCBs and PBBs alone and those which can be related qualitatively and quantitatively to PCB derivatives (PCDFs, PCDDs, PCQs).
Abstracts of Articles Published by Members of the Staff of the National Cancer Institute
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Journal Article Abstracts of Articles Published by Members of the Staff of the National Cancer Institute Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 1, August 1949, Pages 215–220, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.1.215 Published: 01 August 1949
The cost of drugs
Authors: M. C. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1976)

PATIENT concern over drug prices frequently finds expression in questions asked of their physicians. What responses can be given? It is good to recognize the pervasive role of drugs in the lives of most patients. The total sales of prescription drugs in 1974 was more than $5 billion. The average patient received eight prescriptions in that year; the patient over 65 years old may have received 15 or more prescriptions. In addition, some $3.5 billion worth of nonprescription drugs were sold. The prescription drug has other characteristics that make it vulnerable to patient complaint. Remember that the patient first visits his physician, and then still must get his prescription filled. Also, as has been pointed out before by others, prescription drugs are unusual in being one commodity where the person who chooses is not the one who pays. To place these expenses in perspective, it is well to remember that
Medical education and financial assistance programs sponsored by US government agencies
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PRELIMINARY WORK.
Authors: EUGENE S. TALBOT
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Many years ago it occurred to me that physicians could follow generally with advantage both in pathology and physiology the example of neurology and study the human body from the standpoint of both its embryonic and post-uterine evolution and from the standpoint of its degeneracy as well. It was long recognized that health simply constituted a balance and that disease meant the destruction of this balance with resulting undue predominance of some healthy function and the undue depression of others. Practically the same rule is followed by the chemist who controls his analytic experiments by his synthetic, and vice versa. Physicians and dentists generally in studying man as an entity, view the differences between the normal and the abnormal as of kind and not of degree. To avoid this error, I have studied the degenerate phases of man from the standpoints of etiology, physiology, and lastly and most important from
Farm Injuries
Authors: John H. Powers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

SIXTEEN thousand five hundred lives were lost in occupational accidents in the United States in 1948. Four thousand four hundred of these, or 26.6 per cent, were due to the hazards of farming. The death rates per 100,000 workers in mines, quarries, gas and oil wells and in construction were respectively three times and twice that of agriculture.1 However, in actual number of fatal accidents, farming leads all other major industries (Table 1).By recognition of the inherent dangers to which workers in other occupations are daily exposed and by the institution and enforcement of measures to promote safety both . . .
Notes on Some German Universities
Authors: W. K. Sibley
Journal: BMJ (1890)

THE practical bacteriological course for medical men is given about four times a year, and each course lasts a month, the work being daily from 9 to 5. The courses, which are under the direction of the chief assistants, are attended by medical men from all over the world, about twenty taking part in each course; at a recent one there were nineteen attending, seven nations being represented.Upon commencing in the morning the assistant gives a short lecture for twenty minutes or half an hour on the work for the day, describing the methods of procedure, together with important points in the life-history, methods of cultivation, and staining of one or more micro- organisms.He also gives demonstrations on the apparatus required to be used, after which each one works through the proposed methods individually, the demonstrators remainimng nearly the whole day to give assistance to those in need of it.It is quite out of place in a short paper like this to describe or even mention all the micro-organisms examined or preparations put up, therefore a few points of particular interest only will be mentioned.The series may be started with the non-pathogenic organisms, such as examples from the moulds; yeasts, the white, black, and rose; from the cocci, the prodigiosus; the yellow and orange sarcinae; and from the bacilli, the subtilis or hay bacillus.Having prepared potatoes and gelatine in the recognised ways, cultures were made of all.Passing from these to the micro- organisms of milk-namely, the lactic acid bacillus, oidium lactis, and the bacilli of blue milk, we were then shown the organisms in the atmosphere, and the methods of isolating and cultivating them; next those found in the dust of floors and roads, noticing especially the root-forming bacillus, at the same time learning how to make a pure culture of one form from a mixture contain- ing many species; passing then to the bacilli of water, especially noticing the fluorescens, and the red and violet bacilli.Having studied for a few days the ordinary forms of micro-organisms, and learnt the various methods of cultivating them in gelatine placed in test tubes, either as streak or stab cultures, and also rolled round the sides of test tubes; also in gelatine on large square
OP0155 Addition of infliximab compared with addition of sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine to methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis: 2-year quality of life results of the randomised, controlled swefot trial
Authors: J.A. Karlsson, M. Neovius, J.-Å. Nilsson, I.F. Petersson, J. Bratt, R.F. van Vollenhoven, S. Ernestam, P. Geborek
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> In RA, direct comparisons of the quality of life effects associated with different therapies remain sparse. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare EuroQol 5-Dimensions (EQ-5D) utility and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) over 21 months in patients with active early RA despite ongoing methotrexate (MTX), randomised to addition of infliximab (IFX) or sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine (SSZ+HCQ). <h3>Methods</h3> The SWEFOT trial enrolled RA-patients (symptoms&lt;1y) in Sweden between 2002 and 2005 (van Vollenhoven RF, et al. <i>Lancet</i> 2009;374:459-466). After 3-4 months of MTX monotherapy, patients with a remaining DAS28&gt;3.2 were randomised to addition of IFX or SSZ+HCQ and followed for 21 months. EQ-5D profiles were collected every 3 months, and between-group comparisons of utility change and accumulated QALYs were performed (UK EQ-5D tariff). Intention to treat (ITT) was applied, using last observation carried forward (LOCF) following protocol breach. Missing data were imputed by linear interpolation or LOCF (if no future measurements). Sensitivity analyses, using baseline observation carried forward (BOCF) or restricted to completers were also conducted. Completer status required data at both time points for utility change and at least every 7.5 months beyond randomisation for QALY assessment. <h3>Results</h3> Of 487 patients initially enrolled, 128 and 130 were randomised to addition of IFX or SSZ+HCQ, respectively. The figure displays mean utility development (A. Observed data only; B. ITT LOCF analysis). Adjusting for age, sex, EQ-5D, DAS28 and HAQ at randomisation, differences between the IFX and SSZ+HCQ groups in utility change and accumulated QALYs were (95% CI; p-value; n[IFX/SSZ+HCQ] in the completer analyses): ITT LOCF 0.04 (-0.01, 0.09; 0.15) and 0.07 (-0.01, 0.14; 0.07); ITT BOCF 0.03 (-0.05, 0.10; 0.49) and 0.09 (-0.01, 0.18; 0.07); completers -0.03 (-0.11, 0.06; 0.53; 67/57) and -0.04 (-0.15, 0.08; 0.53; 63/51). Drop-out was higher in the SSZ+HCQ group (n[IFX/SSZ+HCQ]=38/56; Log rank test p=0.024). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Comparing addition of IFX or SSZ+HCQ to MTX in active early RA, no statistically significant differences in utility or QALY gains could be detected over 21 months. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Losartan vs Atenolol in Prevention of Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease—Reply
Authors: Sverre E. Kjeldsen
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dopamine for cardiogenic shock
Authors: J. S. Karliner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Dopamine (3,4 dihydroxy phenylethylamine) is a naturally occurring catecholamine that has been employed both experimentally and clinically for the therapy of various forms of shock. Dopamine possesses a variety of useful pharmacologic properties. It functions as an a-adrenergic agonist, causing vasoconstriction of peripheral capacitance and resistance vessels; it also is a β-adrenergic agonist, producing an increase in cardiac rate and an augmentation of myocardial contractility. In these respects, dopamine is not different from norepinephrine. However, dopamine possesses another property that is unique: it dilates renal and mesenteric vascular beds directly. Recent evidence indicates that dopamine inhibits renal tubular reabsorption of sodium. Thus, dopamine can be used to increase systemic arterial pressure by stimulating the myocardium, without compromising renal blood flow and urine output. Although dopamine, like other pressor agents, has been utilized in a variety of forms of shock, its most successful application has been in patients with cardiogenic shock.
Caffeine analgesia
Authors: A. R. Temple
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Laska and co-workers<sup>1</sup>evaluating the effect on analgesia of caffeine added to aspirin, acetaminophen, and salicylamide suggests that caffeine has some adjunctive analgesic benefit. However, the authors failed to elaborate carefully on several methodological flaws that might negate their conclusions and on the relatively insignificant clinical benefit derived from the caffeine effect they describe. Among the methodological flaws that make any interpretation of these data difficult are (1) the pooling of 26 or 30 studies that requires rather heroic assumptions as to linearity, parallelism, and homogeneity of variance and slopes and, given the conditions described, makes it impossible to test the validity of the assumptions made<sup>2</sup>; (2) the erroneous assumption that a linear relationship exists over the entire dosage range of 217 to 2,000 mg, even though there is a recognized lack of analgesia at the low end of the dosages used
Long-term albumin administration is not futile in patients with cirrhosis and uncomplicated ascites not normalizing serum albumin concentration with treatment
Authors: Manuel Tufoni, Paolo Caraceni, Giacomo Zaccherini, Oliviero Riggio, Paolo Angeli, Carlo Alessandria, Sergio Neri, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Fabio Levantesi, Aldo Airoldi, Loredana Simone, Gianluca Svegiati-Baroni, Stefano Fagiuoli, Giacomo Laffi, Raffaele Cozzolongo, Vito Di Marco, Vincenzo Sangiovanni, Filomena Morisco, Pierluigi Toniutto, Annalisa Tortora, Rosanna De Marco, Silvia Nardelli, Salvatore Piano, Chiara Elia, Andrea Roncadori, Maurizio Baldassarre, Mauro Bernardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
SCIENCE AND NEWSPAPER SENSATIONALISM
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Consistent Associations between Hepatic Lesions in English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Bottom Sediment
Authors: John T. Landahl, Bruce B. McCain, Mark S. Myers, Linda D. Rhodes, Donald W. Brown
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

A consistent and statistically significant association between prevalence of hepatic neoplasms in free-living sole (Parophrys vetulus) and levels of anthropogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bottom sediment from sites of fish capture was documented in a series of studies conducted over a period of 7 years in Puget Sound, Washington. This result strengthens the evidence supporting a causal relationship between exposure to sediment-associated hydrocarbons and development of hepatic neoplasms in this bottom-dwelling marine fish species. Prevalences of two other distinct categories of idiopathic hepatic lesions-megalocytic hepatosis and steatosis/hemosiderosis-also showed consistent, statistically significant associations with polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in bottom sediment, and association with prevalence of a third category (putatively preneoplastic foci of cellular alteration) approached statistical significance. On the basis of other studies, megalocytic hepatosis and foci of cellular alteration are both considered to be important precursor lesions in the stepwise histogenesis of hepatic neoplasms.
House of Delegates Votes on RPS Resolutions
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bioequivalence of Levothyroxine Preparations: Issues of Science, Publication, and Advertising
Authors: Ron Birnbaum
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —It is bad enough that medical journals accept advertisements from pharmaceutical companies, as advertisements should fundamentally play no role in clinical decision making. It is worse when an issue of a journal that contains an article evaluating the efficacy and safety of a specific drug also includes advertisements from manufacturers of the drug in question. The Editorial by Dr Rennie<sup>1</sup>confronts the shameful with-holding of an article<sup>2</sup>on the bioequivalence of various levothyroxine preparations by the legal bullying of a manufacturer that stood to lose millions by its publication. How galling is it then that the same issue which—correctly, albeit rather sanctimoniously—demonstrates the insidiousness of conflicts arising from partnerships between science and industry also contains 2 advertisements<sup>3</sup>from another levothyroxine manufacturer that stands to gain in market share as a result of the article by Dong et al and the well-earned criticism of Knoll Pharmaceutical Company