tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Sodium Channel Dysfunction in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Dao W. Wang, Reshma R. Desai, Lia Crotti, Marianne Arnestad, Roberto Insolia, Matteo Pedrazzini, Chiara Ferrandi, Ashild Vege, Torleiv Rognum, Peter J. Schwartz, Alfred L. George
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Mutations in genes responsible for the congenital long-QT syndrome, especially SCN5A , have been identified in some cases of sudden infant death syndrome. In a large-scale collaborative genetic screen, several SCN5A variants were identified in a Norwegian sudden infant death syndrome cohort (n=201). We present functional characterization of 7 missense variants (S216L, R680H, T1304M, F1486L, V1951L, F2004L, and P2006A) and 1 in-frame deletion allele (delAL586-587) identified by these efforts. Methods and Results— Whole-cell sodium currents were measured in tsA201 cells transiently transfected with recombinant wild-type or mutant SCN5A cDNA (hH1) coexpressed with the human β1 subunit. All variants exhibited defects in the kinetics and voltage dependence of inactivation. Five variants (S216L, T1304M, F1486L, F2004L, and P2006A) exhibited significantly increased persistent sodium currents (range, 0.5% to 1.7% of peak current) typical of SCN5A mutations associated with long-QT syndrome. These same 5 variants also displayed significant depolarizing shifts in voltage dependence of inactivation (range, 5 to 14 mV) and faster recovery from inactivation, but F1486L uniquely exhibits a depolarizing shift in the conductance-voltage relationship. Three alleles (delAL586-587, R680H, and V1951L) exhibited increased persistent current only under conditions of internal acidosis (R680H) or when expressed in the context of a common splice variant (delQ1077), indicating that they have a latent dysfunctional phenotype. Conclusions— Our present results greatly expand the spectrum of functionally characterized SCN5A variants associated with sudden infant death syndrome and provide further biophysical correlates of arrhythmia susceptibility in this syndrome.
Natural History of T1N0M0 Hepatocellular carcinoma: Large scale study in the United States.
Authors: Humaid Obaid Al-Shamsi, Reham Abdel-Wahab, Manal Hassan, Gehan Botrus, Ahmed S Shalaby, Robert A. Wolff, Ahmed Omar Kaseb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15120 Background: Prognostic modeling of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is complex due to preexisting cirrhosis in most cases. Tumor features and factors related to functional hepatic reserve must be taken into account when considering treatment options or counseling patients about their survival. The key prognostic factors may vary at different stages of the disease especially for early stage. Methods: From 1992 to 2011 total of 397 HCC patients with T1N0M0 were referred to MD Anderson Cancer Center for treatment. Detailed clinical-pathologic information were retrieved from medical records. Univariate analysis was done using the c2 or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier used to estimate the median overall survival (OS). Multivariate cox regression analysis was performed to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The male to female ratio was3:1. The mean age ± standard deviation was 65.04 ± 12.5, 57.2% were non-viral related, 59.7% had cirrhosis, and 9.3% had poorly differentiated tumor (PDT). Median OS (95% CI) was 28.5 months (23.6 – 33.4). First line therapy is summarized in table 1. Surgical intervention was similar to systemic therapy with 76% reduction in mortality compared to non-treated group. Restricted analysis among cirrhotic patients showed similar results. PDT was associated with significant poor prognosis compared to well-differentiated tumor, HR (95% CI) was 2.42 (1.36-4.28) after adjustment for demographic, epidemiological, and clinical factors. Conclusions: Our results indicate that T1N0M0 HCC patients have similar outcome with systemic therapy and surgery which could be beneficial for patients with underlying cirrhosis and high risk of postsurgical complications. Treatment modalities Median OS (95%CI) HR (95% CI ) No treatment 8.1 (4.9 – 11.3) 1 Surgery 62.9 (41.7 – 84.2) 0.24 (0.12 – 0.48) Ablation therapy 41.8 (35.1 – 48.4) 0.31 (0.14 – 0.66) Local therapy 34.2 (30.9 – 37.5) 0.49 (0.25 – 0.87) Systemic therapy 22.1 (17.2 – 27.1) 0.22 (0.10 – 0.48) Pathological differentiated Well differentiated 27.33 (22.76 – 31.90) 1 Moderately differentiated 36.73 (32.03 – 41.44) 0.93 (0.63 – 1.35) Poorly differentiated 23.30 (18.86 – 27.74) 2.42 (1.37 – 4.3)
Sulindac
Authors: Robert D. Bunning
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Three patients experienced rapidly reversible azotemia related to the use of naproxen or ibuprofen but tolerated full-dose sulindac. This article discusses renal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), with emphasis on the role of inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, and reviews evidence supporting a renal-sparing property of sulindac. The current literature assumes that all NSAIDs possess a similar potential for renal toxicity. The data presented suggest that sulindac has less potential for renal toxicity and may be the preferred NSAID for use in patients with impaired renal function. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2864-2867)
Bedside Cardiology
Authors: BORYS Surawicz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Among the collected treasures in the museum of the art of medicine, few can match the splendor of the diagnostic pearls strung at the bed-side of the cardiac patient—meticulous clinical observations, carefully validated by correlations with radiology, electrocardiography, pathology, and physiology. Generations of distinguished clinicians have used this material to refine their diagnostic skills. From the clues of history, the undulations of the veins in the neck, and the flick of the stethoscope head from the diaphragm to the bell position, the experts can conjure predictions of the heart size, pressure gradients, shunt flows, and other details of cardiac anatomy, pathology, and physiology, verifiable later by cardiac catheterization or surgery. Such performances arise from the elements of great erudition, rigid self-discipline, and years of apprenticeship. The author of the comprehensive and authoritative textbook<i>Bedside Cardiology</i>has all these attributes. His book has reached its third edition, and its 18 information-packed
Fever
Authors: Elisha Atkins, Phyllis Bodel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

FEVER is perhaps the most ancient and widely known hallmark of disease. For much of history, the word "fever" has been used almost synonymously with disease itself as various epidemics have ravaged the civilizations of East and West alike. Although fever was often noted to be associated clinically with inflammation, the earliest experiments to prove this relation were carried out about 100 years ago by Billroth and his pupil, Frese, who injected filtrates of pus into various animals and observed them for changes in body temperature. Although fever did develop in several animals, the results of these experiments were inconclusive, . . .
This Month’s Highlights
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

### Cell and Transport Physiology #### Human Podocytes Possess a Stretch-Sensitive, Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel: Potential Implications for the Control of Glomerular Filtration ![Figure][1]</img> ##### Podocyte Physiology on the Rise. The glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) define the
PATHOLOGY REPORT
Authors: Veneta Masson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Ad Libitum15 December 1992PATHOLOGY REPORTVeneta Masson, RNVeneta Masson, RNSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-12-1055 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe specimens Parts of meare received cut from their mooringsin two containers floating placidlyspecimen No. 1 lifted outlabeled by dispassionate handsovary measured, weighedthe external surface splayed on a countertopdistorted so muchby a large once secretcystic structure now exposedfilled with olddark imperfectionsreddish-brown festeringmaterial like a failed heartspecimen No. 2 large, scarredlabeled utterly uselessuterus no matter thatopening reveals a creation of sortsa mass suggestive of lifewith fleshy-pink formedwhorled surface insidethe cavity whichis compressed at lastby the mass cut to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, DC 20007 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1992Volume 117, Issue 12Page: 1055-1055KeywordsHeartOvariesUterus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Competition or Regulation
Authors: Michael R. Pollard
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE NEXT few years are crucial for the future development of the health care system. Faith in the ability of command-and-control-type regulation to influence the practices of thousands of individual practitioners, let alone the costs of hospital care, is on the wane. Interest in the private sector, particularly market-oriented initiatives to encourage greater efficiency and better use of expensive facilities, is growing. Given the long-standing opposition of organized medicine to government regulation,<sup>1,2</sup>especially regulation that threatens to intrude on the sanctity of the physician-patient relationship, one would expect the American Medical Association to support this new direction in health policy. However, strong expressions of support have not been forthcoming. Instead, medicine seems to be on the horns of a dilemma. <h3>THE REGULATORY HORN</h3> On the one hand, organized medicine faces the now well-known route of more regulation of medical practice. As noted previously, this has not been the route
Influenza Activity—Worldwide and Recommendations for Influenza Vaccine Composition for the 1990-1991 Influenza Season
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1960)

BlICBRoURNktAny Questions ?We publish below a selection of those questions and answers which seem of general interest.It is regretted that it is not possible to supply answers to all questions submitted.Antihistamines and the Pupils Q.-Can antihistamines produce pupillary anomalies?A.-When taken orally antihistamine drugs do not have any appreciable effect on the pupils.Certain antihistamines -for example, diphenhydramine and tripelennamine-have weak atropine-like activity and they may cause dryness of the mouth and blurring of vision.Some dilatation of the pupils might be expected.but in practice this is only observed when the drugs are applied locally to the eye.Harris, McGavack, and Elias' gave diphenhydramine orally in a dose of 150-400 mg.daily for from 3 to 12 weeks to 20 subjects and did not observe any change either in the pupils or in vision.When the drug was applied topically to the eye as a 0.5% aqueous solution, however, there was a definite dilatation of the pupil in 48 of 60 subjects tested.The mean increase in the size of the pupil one hour after the application of the drug was 1.9 mm.Ross' described 4 patients in whom blurring of vision was a prominent side- effect of therapy with tripelennamine, but the pupillary reflexes were not disturbed in any of the cases.The effects of a single dose of the majority of the antihistamines lasts for only 3-6 hours.A notable exception to this is pro- methazine, which has an action of 18-32 hours, but it is a drug which is not very often used in the daytime because of its rather pronounced sedative effect.
Effects of calcium supplementation on pregnancy-induced hypertension
Authors: R. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The meta-analysis of calcium supplementation and pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia by Bucher et al<sup>1</sup>is the fourth to be performed in recent years using the same basic data and indicating a large overall reduction in risk due to calcium supplementation.<sup>1-4</sup>Although these optimistic results are useful for generating hypotheses and for assessing the available evidence, inferences about treatment may be misleading. Two of the 9 studies in the recent meta-analysis<sup>1</sup>were not peer reviewed and are difficult to evaluate since 1 was published as an abstract and a brief submission to a conference proceedings (Montanaro et al, 1987 and 1990), another as a letter to the editor (Lopez-Jaramillo et al, 1990). A third trial (Villar et al, 1987) was cited by the meta-analysis both for preeclampsia and gestational hypertension with identical odds ratios and confidence intervals for each. Even most of the full-length publications do not specify whether
Anniversary Disease
Authors: H. Musaph
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1973)

It appears that in some people, falling ill has the function of commemorating, e.g. the death of a beloved person or their own wedding anniversary or that of one of their children. One of the main roots of Anniversary Disease is an unsolved emotional conflict situation in the aggressive sphere. One has to atone through the illness for the aggressive, mostly unconscious drives towards a key figure. The illness can relieve the conflict by pathocure, without awareness of existing feelings of grief and mourning, connected with separation and loss. Anniversary Disease is a non-specific reaction, which in the described material lasted no more than a week or ten days.
Prurigo pigmentosa
Authors: J.A. COTTERILL, K.S. RYATT, R. GREENWOOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Prurigo pigmentosa Get access J.A. COTTERILL, J.A. COTTERILL Dermatology Department, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.S. RYATT, K.S. RYATT Dermatology Department, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. GREENWOOD R. GREENWOOD Dermatology Department, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue 6, 1 December 1981, Pages 707–710, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00982.x Published: 01 December 1981 Article history Accepted: 21 January 1981 Published: 01 December 1981
Nursing homes after nuclear war: neglected medical resources
Authors: F. T. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In assessing the medical resources in the United States after a massive nuclear attack, Abrams<sup>1</sup>neglects the nursing home. My analysis of the additional beds and personnel in nursing homes shows how the total number of available beds (hospital plus nursing home) in the postattack period is doubled and new options for subacute, long-term, and rehabilitative care of casualties are made available (Table). Using the same death and incapacitation rates and urban locations as Abrams and excluding beds allocated for psychiatric patients, there will be more beds in nursing homes in the postattack period than in short- and long-stay hospitals (283,841<i>v</i>273,000).<sup>2</sup>This estimate for available nursing home beds is conservative for the following reasons. (1) Most nursing homes have been built in the past 20 years and are probably sounder structurally than older hospitals. (2) Most nursing homes are one or two stories,
Cerebrovascular Surgery
Authors: Thoralf M. Sundt
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Volumes 3 and 4 of<i>Cerebrovascular Surgery</i>, edited by Drs Fein and Flamm, constitute a useful reference text for neurovascular surgeons. The authors have assembled a distinguished group of contributors, and offer an exhaustive review of intracranial aneurysms (volume 3) and arteriovenous malformations (volume 4). The radiology, pathophysiology, and natural history of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhages are included in the text material. Thus, this is indeed a comprehensive review of all subjects related to intracranial hemorrhage. The average reader will probably find these texts more useful as a reference than as a "how-to-do-it" source. Some chapters deal extensively with operative technique, others are directed more toward anatomy, physiology, and treatment in general.
Insulin receptor substrate 2 plays a crucial role in β cells and the hypothalamus
Authors: Naoto Kubota, Yasuo Terauchi, Kazuyuki Tobe, Wataru Yano, Ryo Suzuki, Kohjiro Ueki, Iseki Takamoto, Hidemi Satoh, Toshiyuki Maki, Tetsuya Kubota, Masao Moroi, Miki Okada-Iwabu, Osamu Ezaki, Ryozo Nagai, Yoichi Ueta, Takashi Kadowaki, Tetsuo Noda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

We previously demonstrated that insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2) KO mice develop diabetes associated with hepatic insulin resistance, lack of compensatory β cell hyperplasia, and leptin resistance. To more precisely determine the roles of Irs2 in β cells and the hypothalamus, we generated β cell–specific Irs2 KO and hypothalamus-specific Irs2 knockdown (βHT-IRS2) mice. Expression of Irs2 mRNA was reduced by approximately 90% in pancreatic islets and was markedly reduced in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. By contrast, Irs2 expression in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue of βHT-IRS2 mice was indistinguishable from that of control mice. The βHT-IRS2 mice displayed obesity and leptin resistance. At 4 weeks of age, the βHT-IRS2 mice showed normal insulin sensitivity, but at 8 and 12 weeks, they were insulin resistant with progressive obesity. Despite their normal insulin sensitivity at 8 weeks with caloric restriction, the βHT-IRS2 mice exhibited glucose intolerance and impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. β Cell mass and β cell proliferation in the βHT-IRS2 mice were reduced significantly at 8 and 12 weeks but not at 10 days. Insulin secretion, normalized by cell number per islet, was significantly increased at high glucose concentrations in the βHT-IRS2 mice. We conclude that, in β cells and the hypothalamus, Irs2 is crucially involved in the regulation of β cell mass and leptin sensitivity.
Lethal outbreak of hepatitis B in a dental practice
Authors: F. E. Shaw
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Between April 1, 1984, and Feb 1, 1985, nine cases of hepatitis B occurred in the patients of a dentist practicing in a rural Indiana county (population, 35,000). This was over 20 times the mean annual incidence for the county in the previous decade. All of the patients had been treated by the dentist two to five months before illness. Although the dentist had never had hepatitis symptoms, his serum was positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B e antigen and negative for anti-hepatitis B core IgM antibody, indicating that he was probably a hepatitis B carrier. Two patients (22%) died of fulminant hepatitis; the case-fatality ratio was over ten times the reported US mean for hepatitis B. Using a case definition based on anti-hepatitis B core IgM antibody positivity and exposure to the dentist during a defined time period, a serosurvey of the dentist's patients identified 15 asymptomatic cases (overall attack rate, 3.2%). Infection risk was related to the amount of trauma involved in the cases' dental procedures. No cause was found for the unusual lethality of the outbreak. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:3260-3264)
Diet and new lesions of the coronary arteries
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent issue of JAMA, Dr Blankenhorn et al<sup>1</sup>reported that increased intake of lauric, oleic, and linoleic acids significantly increased the risk of new atherosclerotic lesions over a 2-year period. The authors concluded that "protein and carbohydrates are preferred substitutes for fat calories, rather than monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fat." This is indeed a very important study, but the dietary data require further analysis to determine the intake of ω-3 fatty acids and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acids, in view of the finding that linoleic acid (an ω-6 fatty acid found in vegetable oils) significantly increased the risk of new atherosclerotic lesions. This, of course, is not entirely unexpected. Linoleic acid is metabolized to arachidonic acid, whose metabolites—prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes of the 2-series—have proaggregatory effects on platelets and promote thrombosis and chemotaxis of monocytes/macrophages, which contributes to the initial development
Symposium on Application of Biological Markers to Carcinogen Testing
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Journal Article Symposium on Application of Biological Markers to Carcinogen Testing Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 68, Issue 6, June 1982, Pages 1043–1044, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/68.6.1043-f Published: 01 June 1982
Recent Progress in Safety Evaluation Studies on Plasticizers and Plastics and Their Controlled Use in Japan
Authors: Yoshihito Omori
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Recent experimental studies in Japan on the evaluation of potential health hazards from phthalate esters used in manufacturing poly (vinyl chloride) as well as several plastics for medical devices and for food containers and packages were introduced. Development of pulmonary granuloma formation after intravenous injection of diethylhexyl phthalate was assumed to be dependent on the particle size of the phthalate in vehicle used. Dietary administration of large amount of diethylhexyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate produced renal cysts in mothers and in descendants in reproduction studies in mice. Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the phthalates and several plastics and resins were also examined by in vivo and in vitro studies. Hematological parameters examined in rabbits after repeated intravenous injection of diethylhexyl phthalate and after implantation of plastics in aorta for 3--6 months did not show any significant change. A slow decrease of radioactivity was observed in adipose tissue of rats following oral administration of 14C-labeled diethylhexyl phthalate. tthe administrative action on phthalates by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare is briefly reviewed.