tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vancomycin Revisited
Authors: FRANCIS V. COOK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Vancomycin, virtually discarded after development of antistaphylococcal penicillins, has recently been receiving renewed attention. There are several clinical situations in which it appears to offer advantages over other available antimicrobial agents: infections due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci; bacterial endocarditis in patients allergic to penicillin; staphylococcal enterocolitis; staphylococcal infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis; infections caused by penicillin-resistant diphtheroids; and prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis in patients with prosthetic valves or penicillin allergy. Its penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid suggests that vancomycin may be useful in treating certain infections of the central nervous system. Although its ototoxic and nephrotoxic potential cannot be ignored, these problems can be minimized by keeping the serum concentration at the proper level.
PHTHISIS AND TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
International Abstracts
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adrenergic, insulin, and work interactions with adenosine's effects on in situ myocardial glucose uptake
Authors: W. R. Law, M. P. McLane
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

We have demonstrated that adenosine enhances insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake in situ. In the present study we determined the role of adrenergic influences and myocardial work on insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake while varying intracoronary adenosine concentrations. Under pentobarbital anesthesia we instrumented mongrel dogs to obtain blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial and coronary sinus blood samples for measuring oxygen and glucose concentrations. An electromagnetic blood flow probe around the circumflex coronary artery allowed determinations of blood flow, and calculation of myocardial oxygen (MVO2) and glucose (MGU) uptakes. Somatostatin was infused i.v. (0.8 μg/kg · min−1) along with 10 mU/kg · min−1 regular insulin, and variable quantities of glucose to maintain euglycemia. Adenosine was infused at logarithmic incremental rates (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 μmoles · min−1) for 30 min each into the main left coronary arteries. Adrenergic blockade was achieved with i.v. propranolol (70 μg/kg bolus followed by 5 μg/kg-min−1 infusion), and phentolamine (95 μg/kg bolus followed by 9.5 μg/kg·min−1 infusion). Insulin infusion significantly increased MGU. Adenosine increased the maximal value for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Adrenergic blockade alone did not alter insulin-stimulated MGU, but reduced heart rate and MVO2. When evaluated relative to MVO2 1.0 μmoles/ml adenosine infusion increased MGU independent of work-related changes in the presence or absence of adrenergic blockade. With an adenosine infusion rate of 10 μmoles/ml myocardial glucose uptake returned to baseline. These data also support our earlier speculation that the MGU response to adenosine may be biphasic. These results suggest that antagonism of adrenergic effects by adenosine cannot account for adenosine's ability to enhance insulin's effects on glucose uptake in the heart, but that work-related influences should be accounted for in interpreting results of this kind.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Baltimore
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Retinal vein occlusion.
Journal: BMJ (1976)

anically occlusive methods carry an assurance of no systemic side effects, while local reactions are extremely rare.The older woman nearing her 40s who continues to take the oral contraceptives once her family is complete, or who by using a less efficient method risks an unwanted pregnancy, is exposing herself to an ever-increasing hazard.These are the women who may benefit most from a review initiated by the doctor: after counselling more and more couples are opting for sterilisation. 91 Bone, M, Family Planning Services in England and Wales-an Enquiry Carried out
Integrative Analysis of the Intestinal Metabolome of Childhood Asthma
Authors: Kathleen Lee-Sarwar, Rachel Kelly, Jessica Lasky-Su, Robert S. Zeiger, George T. O'Connor, Megan Sandel, Leonard B. Bacharier, Avraham Beigelman, Nancy Laranjo, Diane R. Gold, Scott T. Weiss, Augusto A. Litonjua
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2019)
Neurology
Authors: J. C. Raphael, S. Chevret, Cl. Chastang, Ph. Hantson, Ph. Gautier, O. Vandenplas, M. Van Lierde, G. Dooms, J. -M. Guerit, A. Keyeux, P. Mahieu, D. Annane, G. Troché, F. Delisle, P. Devauchelle, JC. Raphaël, Ph. Gajdos, F. Bouvet, M. A. Quera Salva, C. McCann, C. Fromageot, J. De Lattre, J. Kempf, J. M. Saissy, Ph. Sauder
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: M Martin
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1993)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. It affects the biliary system and is characterized by fibrosis and progressive obliteration of extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts. Its frequent coexistence with antibody-mediated diseases, certain human leukocyte antigens, and altered lymphocyte mechanisms suggests a strong autoimmune and genetic etiology. Other conditions such as recurrent cholangitis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, previous bile duct surgery, bile duct anomalies, or biliary stone disease may result in similar clinical patterns and radiologic profiles. PSC can be asymptomatic and slowly progressive over years, or it may develop rapidly with an inexorable progression to cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Clinical and biochemical abnormalities may suggest PSC, but it is the characteristic radiological pattern that secures the diagnosis. Once viewed as a rare entity, the widespread use of radiological and endoscopic methods have increased physician awareness. There is no successful medical treatment for PSC. While traditional surgical approaches have been directed at the relief of cholangitis and biliary obstruction, liver transplantation has emerged as definitive therapy for patients with PSC complicated by cirrhosis or recurrent bouts of cholangitis.
Maternal smoking and perinatal health
Authors: R. H. Aubry
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Mary Sexton, PhD, MPH, and Richard J. Hebel, PhD, have contributed to the current knowledge of maternal and perinatal health in their article "A Clinical Trial of Change in Maternal Smoking and Its Effect on Birth Weight." Smoking has generally been recognized as unhealthy and it is suspected that it may directly or indirectly impair fetal growth during pregnancy. However, because of the multitude of factors influencing fetal growth, this has been hard to prove or measure. More important, the potential benefit to be derived from cutting down or stopping smoking during pregnancy is as controversial. Despite these difficulties, the authors, via rigorous control and the use of a biochemical marker for smoking, have demonstrated that a specific antismoking campaign for smoking pregnant women results in twice the number of women discontinuing or cutting down to five cigarettes or less per day and that the intervention results in an important
The Accessory Sinuses of the Nose and Their Relations to Neighboring Parts.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physician-Athlete Stresses the Importance of Physical Fitness Activities for Girls
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3881: Relating tumor drug concentrations to target effect with semi physiologic PK-PD modeling in drug development: An application using a novel dCK inhibitor
Authors: Soumya Poddar, Mina Nikanjam, Edmund Capparelli, Thuc Le, Liu Wei, Caius Radu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) is essential for DNA synthesis through salvage pathways and DI-87 is a novel dCK inhibitor in preclinical development. This study used PET imaging to measure dCK inhibition and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling to relate tumor drug levels to tissue with dCK activity and tumor shrinkage. Methods: Oral DI-87 was administered to NSG mice with plasma and tumor PK assessed over 24 hrs by mass spectrometry. NSG mice with CEM tumors were administered varying doses of DI-87 followed by the [18F]CFA PET probe and PET imaging. NSG mice with CEM tumors were administered thymidine and DI-87 concurrently and tumor growth monitored. PK-PD modeling was conducted with NONMEM (v. 7.3). Results: DI-87 plasma concentrations peaked at 3 hr; tumor peak concentrations occurred later. Tumor concentrations were less than one third of plasma concentrations. Full dCK inhibition by PET imaging occurred between 10 and 25 mg/kg and decreasing doses led to faster recovery of activity. Full recovery of enzyme activity occurred by 36 hrs with full inhibition being maintained at the 12 hr time point at the 25 mg/kg dose. Maximal growth inhibition occurred with full dCK inhibition over the dosing range (25 mg/kg BID) when DI-87 was given in combination therapy with thymidine; thus increased doses led to more persistent dCK inhibition with predictable increased growth inhibition. Conclusions: Combining PET probes with PK-PD modeling led to an optimized dosing schedule for combination therapy with DI-87. Citation Format: Soumya Poddar, Mina Nikanjam, Edmund Capparelli, Thuc Le, Liu Wei, Caius Radu. Relating tumor drug concentrations to target effect with semi physiologic PK-PD modeling in drug development: An application using a novel dCK inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3881.
Arsenic in Malaria: Correction
Journal: BMJ (1944)

America for the Referee Board of the Council of Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association.They found that large doses (0.75 to 1.5 g., or 12 to 20 gr., daily) occasionally pro- duced hyperacidity and increased intestinal putrefaction.There were no such effects with small doses.It can, therefore, be safely used in ordinary amounts by patients with peptic ulcer.An anti- pyretic action is not described, but iu large dose-e.g., 10 gr.(20 tablets)-it might well have one, judging by its composition.
RETROGRADE EJACULATION IN DIABETES
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Department of Veterans Affairs smoke-free policy
Authors: A. M. Joseph
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the largest health care provider in the United States, implemented an agency policy on January 7, 1991, requiring all 172 acute-care hospitals to be completely smoke-free.<sup>1-3</sup>The VA initiative followed directives by other government agencies for smoke-free environments, such as the US Army<sup>4</sup>and the Indian Health Service.<sup>5</sup>Smoke-free hospitals have been endorsed by the American Medical Association, the American College of Physicians, and the US Preventive Services Task Force, as well as other organizations.<sup>6</sup> This policy was written in a national climate that is increasingly intolerant of environmental tobacco smoke, although hospitals commonly continue to allow smoking in designated areas. Several medical centers have become completely smoke-free,<sup>7-13</sup>and the states of Minnesota and Maine have passed legislation requiring health care institutions to be smoke-free. Because of the national trend in legislation of public smoking (including the Joint Commission
Abstract 2936: Increased PARP1-DNA binding due to autoPARylation inhibition of PARP1 on DNA rather than PARP1-DNA trapping is correlated with PARP1 inhibitor's cytotoxicity
Authors: Hua-Dong Chen, Chuan-Huizi Chen, Yu-Ting Wang, Ne Guo, Yu-Nan Tian, Xia-Juan Huan, Shan-Shan Song, Jin-Xue He, Ze-Hong Miao
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract PARP1 inhibitors (PARPis) have been successfully used in the clinic for cancer therapy. The mechanisms by which they elicit cytotoxicity in cancer cells remain to be clarified. Initially, inhibition of cellular polymerase activity of PARP1 (reflected as inhibition of cellular poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) formation or PARylation) was proposed as their primary mechanism. However, either cell-free histone-based or cellular PARylation inhibition displays very low correlation with PARPis’ cytotoxicity or clinical anticancer effects. Subsequently, the Pommier’s group proposed the mechanism of PARP1-DNA trapping and demonstrated that this mechanism showed much higher correlation with PARPis’ cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, contradictory results have been reported since then. Here, we showed no significant correlation between PARP1-DNA trapping and cytotoxicity induced by PARPis. We complemented PARP1-knockout sublines with wild-type PARP1 and 11 mutants with different point mutations that affect the polymerase activity. When examining the PARPi talazoparib, the induced cytotoxicity was highly significantly correlated with cellular PARP1 polymerase activity, but not with its PARP1-DNA trapping or polymerase inhibition. Similarly, talazoparib’s PARP1-DNA trapping revealed significant correlation with the polymerase activity rather than its inhibition. Differently, however, when evaluating purified wild-type and mutated PARP1, we identified an almost linear relationship between PARPis’ inhibiting PARP1 dissociation from DNA and their cytotoxicity in 17 cancer cell lines. In contrast, no significant correlation existed between PARP1 polymerase inhibition in the histone-based systems and the cytotoxicity. After careful comparisons on different methods and detection targets, we conclude that the PARPi-mediated increase in PARP1-DNA binding by inhibiting autoPARylation of PARP1 on DNA rather than in PARP1-DNA trapping is correlated with PARPi’s cytotoxicity. Based on this conclusion, we established a new PARPi screening model that more closely predicts cytotoxicity (r=0.9984; p&amp;lt;0.0001). Citation Format: Hua-Dong Chen, Chuan-Huizi Chen, Yu-Ting Wang, Ne Guo, Yu-Nan Tian, Xia-Juan Huan, Shan-Shan Song, Jin-Xue He, Ze-Hong Miao. Increased PARP1-DNA binding due to autoPARylation inhibition of PARP1 on DNA rather than PARP1-DNA trapping is correlated with PARP1 inhibitor's cytotoxicity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2936.
Howard B. Andervont, &lt;italic&gt;D.Sc.&lt;/italic&gt;—A Tribute
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Howard B. Andervont, D.Sc.—A Tribute Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 68, Issue 1, January 1982, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/68.1.1 Published: 01 January 1982
Pediatric Procedures
Authors: D. Gregory Felch
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This monograph continues to fill a unique position within the pediatric literature. Not only are common and uncommon procedures discussed in orderly fashion, including equipment, method, advantages and disadvantages, but the tone of the book is compassionate for both the patient and the operator. Dr Buescher, a pediatrician and second author of the book, has created illustrations of astonishing clarity and humor, which clearly complement the updated text and references. The first two chapters, "Preparation of the Patient" and "Measurements," are minor classics. Proper emphasis is placed on both the comfort of the patient and the type of restraint that will permit the success of a procedure. The content of this section ranges from the determination of the umbilical temperature to a complete discussion of blood pressure measurement. (It should be noted that the first printing contains an error in the dosage and concentration of naloxone on page 22.) The