tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness of a Primary Care Treatment Program for Depression in Low-Income Women in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Ricardo Araya
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The authors compared the incremental cost-effectiveness of a stepped-care, multicomponent program with usual care for the treatment of depressed women in primary care in Santiago, Chile. Method: A cost-effectiveness study was conducted of a previous randomized controlled trial involving 240 eligible women with DSM-IV major depression who were selected from a consecutive sample of adult women attending primary care clinics. The patients were randomly allocated to usual care or a multicomponent stepped-care program led by a nonmedical health care worker. Depression-free days and health care costs derived from local sources were assessed after 3 and 6 months. A health service perspective was used in the economic analysis. Results: Complete data were determined for 80% of the randomly assigned patients. After we adjusted for initial severity, women receiving the stepped-care program had a mean of 50 additional depression-free days over 6 months relative to patients allocated to usual care. The stepped-care program was marginally more expensive than usual care (an extra 216 Chilean pesos per depression-free day). There was a 90% probability that the incremental cost of obtaining an extra depression-free day with the intervention would not exceed 300 pesos ($1.04 U.S.). Conclusions: The stepped-care program was significantly more effective and marginally more expensive than usual care for the treatment of depressed women in primary care. Small investments to improve depression appear to yield larger gains in poorer environments. Simple and inexpensive treatment programs tested in developing countries might provide good study models for developed countries.
Contact Lens Health Week — August 22–26, 2016
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

August 22-26, 2016, marks the third annual Contact Lens Health Week.In collaboration with partners from clinical, public health, industry, and regulatory sectors, CDC is promoting healthy contact lens wear and care practices to reduce the risk for eye infections among the approximately 41 million persons in the United States who wear contact lenses.Research after outbreaks of rare but serious eye infections in the United States have indicated that these infections occur most often in contact lens wearers who do not take proper care of their contact lenses, indicating a need to promote safer wear and care (1,2).A report in this issue of MMWR analyzed 1,075 contact lens-related eye infections reported to the Food and Drug Administration's Medical Device Report database.Nearly 20% of the reports described a patient who had eye damage, and approximately 25% of the reports described potentially modifiable factors that might have put patients at risk for a contact lens-related corneal infection, such as sleeping in lenses or wearing lenses for longer periods than prescribed.Although most contact lens wearers receive the benefits of vision correction, contact lenses can pose an infection risk, especially if they are not worn and cared for properly.Practicing proper contact lens hygiene and regularly visiting an eye care provider are important actions for keeping contact lens wearers' eyes healthy.
Specificity of Tests foi Hemoglobin S
Authors: Raymond L. Henry
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The paper, "Prevalence and Awareness of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin in a Military Population: Determination by a Rapid Screening Method," by Binder and Jones (<b>214:</b>909, 1970), is of great importance in connection with the accurate diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. It is stated that the Sickledex test is "completely reliable and specific" for the detection of hemoglobin S. We believe that the Sickledex test is an excellent screening test for S hemoglobin but that it is not specific. Independent work of Nalbandian et al (<i>Lab Med-Bull Path</i><b>10:</b>277, 1969) discussed the nonspecificity of tests currently used in the detection and diagnosis of hemoglobin S. We stated that the principle of the Sickledex test is identical with the original Itano Solubility Test (<i>Arch Biochem</i><b>47:</b>148-159, 1953) which attempted to distinguish hemoglobins A, S, and D on the basis of differential solubility. The original pertinent observation, ie,
Instructions to authors
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

It should be structured into the subsections 'Objective', 'Methods', 'Results' and 'Conclusion(s)'.Give the name of the animal species, if applicable, in the subsection 'Methods'.(3) Keywords.These will be published with your article.During online submission, they are typed into a window.A maximum of 5 keywords is required for publication of the
CMET-29. HORMONE RECEPTORS STATUS: A STRONG DETERMINANT OF THE KINETICS OF BRAIN METASTASES OCCURRENCE COMPARED WITH HER2 STATUS IN BREAST CANCER
Authors: Amélie Darlix, Gaia Griguolo, Simon Thezenas, Eva Kantelhardt, Christoph Thomssen, Maria Vittoria Dieci, Federica Miglietta, PierFranco Conte, Antoine Laurent Braccini, Jean Marc Ferrero, Caroline Bailleux, William Jacot, Valentina Guarneri
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Breast cancer (BC) metastatic behavior differs according to tumor biology subgroups defined by hormone receptors (HR) and HER2 statuses. Patients with triple-negative and HER2-amplified (HER2+) tumors are at higher risk of developing brain metastases (BM). The aim of our multinational cohort was to evaluate the kinetics of BM occurrence according to BC subtypes. We retrospectively analyzed a series of BC patients with BM diagnosed in four European institutions between 1996 and 2016. The delays between BC diagnosis and BM occurrence (BM-free survival) according to tumor biology were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. 649 women were included (BC diagnosis: 1981–2015): 32.0% HER2-/HR+, 24.8% triple-negative, 22.2% HER2+/HR- and 21.0% HER2+/HR+ tumors. Median age at BM diagnosis was 56 (25–85), with no difference according to tumor biology (p=0.12). In univariate analysis, BM-free survival differed according to tumor biology: HER2-/HR+ 5.3 years (95%CI: 4.6–5.9), HER2+/HR+ 4.4 years (95%CI: 3.4–5.2), HER2+/HR- 2.6 years (95%CI: 2.2–3.1) and triple-negative 2.2 years (95%CI: 1.9–2.7) (p<0.001). It was longer for HR+ than for HR- tumors (5.0 vs 2.5 years, p<0.001), and for HER2+ than for HER2- tumors (3.8 vs 3.2 years, p=0.039). In multivariate analysis, estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), but not HER2, were independently associated with BM-free survival (ER- vs ER+ tumors: hazard ratio=1.36, 95%CI: 1.07–1.72, p=0.013; PR- vs PR+ tumors: hazard ratio=1.31, 95%CI: 1.04–1.64, p=0.021; HER2+ vs HER2- tumors: hazard ratio=1.01, 95%CI: 0.83–1.23, p=0.880). HR- and HER2+ tumors are overrepresented in BC patients developing BM, supporting a higher risk of BM occurrence in these biological subtypes. However, HR, but not HER2, impact the kinetics of BM occurrence. Indeed, the BM-free survival is twice shorter in patients with HR- tumors compared with patients with HR+ tumors.
Burkitt's Lymphoma: A Human Cancer Model.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Book reviews addition to comitting to memor many eponymous quotations fo casual use at carefully stagema sions, few, if any, of us can fail 1 the advice given, some of which return to old fashioned value should have a subject, verb, ar that writing needs a beginning, a an end, or that mispelling matte is new fangled, especially the ck literary and technical strengt] itations of writing with the hel processer.
Validation of a new score system to predict major adverse cardiovascular events during coronary stenting using two large databases David Paniagua, William K. Vaughn, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, Carolyne Ortiz, Ryan Lennon, David Holmes, William Weintraub, David Fish. St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital/ Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and MAVERIC, Boston, MA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Carcinogenicity Studies on Halogenated Hydrocarbons
Authors: Elizabeth K. Weisburger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

A series of halogenated compounds was tested by oral intubation in 200 Osborne-Mendel rats and 200 B6C3F1 mice of both sexes. Carbon tetrachloride, used as a positive control, induced liver and adrenal tumors in mice and neoplastic nodules in the livers of rats. 1,2-Dibromoethane and 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane caused stomach tumors with many metastases in both rats and mice. Chloroform, known to cause hepatocellular carcinomas in mice, led in addition to kidney tumors in male rats. 1,2-Dichloroethane was much weaker than the analog, 1,2-dibromoethane, and induced only a few stomach tumors in rats. It increased liver and lung tumors in mice. Most of the compounds, namely, trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, hexachloroethane, and tetrachloroethylene, increased hepatocellular carcinomas in mice but had little or no action in rats. Iodoform tended to increase thyroid tumors in male rats and hepatocellular carcinomas in male mice. The action of 3-chloropropene was questionable. No tumors could be attributed to 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl-chloroform).
Unintended Childbearing: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System—Oklahoma
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Unintended pregnancies may be associated with delays in the initiation of prenatal care and behaviors during pregnancy that increase the risk for adverse birth outcomes (1,2). Based on estimates from the 1988 National Survey of Family Growth, 28% of births were mistimed during the 3-4 years before the survey, and 12% were unwanted (3). In Oklahoma, family-planning services are provided as an element of the state's maternal and child health program efforts, and the state has made a priority of identifying mothers at high risk for unintended pregnancy. This report summarizes an analysis of data from the Oklahoma Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) to assess the risk for unintended childbearing in Oklahoma during 1988-1991.
Travaux d'Electrotherapie Gynecologique, Etc., Etc.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Philip Morris Cigarettes Recall, May 1995-March 1996
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of cardiovascular disease
Authors: M. F. Graham
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> At a recent American Heart Association Conference on Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, a commentator on a paper relating to blood pressures in children implied that pediatricians as a group are somewhat remiss when it comes to doing routine blood pressure determinations on their patients. It is unfortunate that such a premise, though unsubstantiated by actual data, is probably valid, and the mere fact that suspicions exist should be disturbing to pediatricians. In a day when cardiovascular disease is the number one health problem confronting our nation, it is equally lamentable to surmise that the average pediatrician does not routinely inquire, even cursorily, into such familial disorders as strokes, hypertension, myocardial disease, diabetes, lipid disorders, and gout; nor is he likely to screen for hyperlipidemias, hyperglycemia, or hyperuricemia when family histories warrant. Pathogenetically speaking, cardiovascular disease is a pediatric disease. Its earliest footprints on aortal intimae appear in early
Occupational Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Authors: S. Katharine Hammond
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To measure occupational exposures to environmental tobacco smoke in diverse settings, including offices and production areas, and to evaluate the effectiveness of policies that restrict or ban smoking in the workplace. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey. The average weekly concentration of environmental tobacco smoke was measured with passive monitors that sample nicotine. Approximately 25 samplers were placed in each worksite for 1 week. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Twenty-five Massachusetts worksites, including fire stations, newspaper publishers, textile dyeing plants, and manufacturers of valves, fiberoptics, flight instruments, batteries, adhesives, semiconductor equipment, filters, and tools and dies. Samples were collected in offices and production areas. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The distribution of nicotine concentrations in various work settings as a function of company smoking policy. These data were interpreted with three approaches: comparing measured concentrations with a published risk assessment; comparing occupational exposures with home exposures; and evaluating the "cigarette equivalents" to which workers were exposed. <h3>Results.</h3> —Worksite smoking policy had a major effect on the nicotine concentrations, which fell from a median of 8.6 μg/m<sup>3</sup>in the open offices at worksites that allowed smoking to 1.3 μg/m<sup>3</sup>in sites that restricted smoking, and to 0.3 μg/m<sup>3</sup>in worksites that banned smoking. The nonoffice workspaces were affected similarly, with median concentrations of 2.3,0.7, and 0.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup>at worksites that allowed, restricted, and banned smoking, respectively. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —All three evaluation methods indicated that occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke presents a substantial risk to workers in the absence of a policy restricting or banning smoking. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:956-960)
Quantitative Risk Analysis for Quantal Reproductive and Developmental Effects
Authors: David W. Gaylor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Animal experiments are generally conducted at higher dose levels than anticipated human dose levels in order to elicit otherwise subtle changes in reproduction or developmental effects with relatively few animals. Based on animal data, regulatory strategy generally has been to postulate a no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for toxic effects and to divide this by a safety factor, usually 100, to establish acceptable levels for humans. Various authors have discussed the shortcomings of using NOEL and have suggested the use of an estimable effect level determined from a dose-response curve fitted to bioassay data, e.g., the dose at which 1% of the animals are adversely affected, and employing some form of conservative low dose extrapolation to control risks at lower doses. In this paper, 10 sets of bioassay data on fetal mortality or anomalies were used to compare the estimated upper limits of risk estimated at the NOEL/100 and the lower 95% confidence limit estimate of the dose producing adverse effects in 1% of the embryonic implants or fetuses divided by 100 (LED01/100). The latter quantity is expected to result in a risk (proportion affected) of less than 10(-4) (1 in 10,000). The estimated upper limits of risk associated with the NOEL/100 were from 2 x 10(-4) to 6 x 10(-4) for the 10 data sets investigated.
Hospitalization costs among chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients newly treated with enzalutamide (ENZA) or abiraterone (ABI).
Authors: Krishnan Ramaswamy, Adrienne M. Gilligan, Gregory Lenhart, Scott Flanders, Neil M. Schultz, Jack Mardekian, Shia T. Kent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e18893 Background: ENZA and ABI are approved to treat mCRPC in chemotherapy-naïve patients; limited real-world data exist that compare medical costs following treatment initiation. This study compared the annualized costs of hospitalization events pre/post initiation of ENZA or ABI in chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC patients in the U.S. Methods: Adult mCRPC patients initiating ENZA or ABI from 07/01/2013-12/31/2016 were identified from MarketScan® Databases. The index date was the initiation of ENZA or ABI after ≥6 months of continuous enrollment pre-index. We identified the 45 most common hospitalization events using ICD-9/10 CM inpatient claims in the primary diagnosis position and assessed pre-/post-index incidence rates (IR) per 1000 person-years and costs within each cohort. Annualized hospitalization costs were derived from the cost of the admission for each event divided by the person years at risk for each cohort. Results: A total of 3,351 (1,328 ENZA; 2,023 ABI) patients were included. Mean age (standard deviation) was 75 (10.8) for ENZA and 74 (10.7) years for ABI; average Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index was 7.0 (3.3) and 7.2 (3.2), respectively. Across both groups, cardiac disorder (CD), infection, lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), acute renal impairment (RI), and any skeletal-related event (SRE) comprised over 83% of costs pre-period and over 75% post-period. Compared to the pre- and post-period hospitalization rates for ABI, ENZA patients had lower per 1,000 person-year IR for acute RI (-19.2), cardiac disorder (-16.6), infection (-5.9), LRTI (-4.3), and any SRE (-2.6). Pre-period hospitalization costs for ENZA cohort were higher compared to ABI patients ($4,819 vs $4,014). The lower post-index IRs translated into lower post-period costs for ENZA compared to ABI ($4,718 vs. $6,301). Conclusions: Annualized hospitalization costs for ENZA were 25.1% lower compared to ABI patients in the post-period, driven by CD, LTRI, RI, and SRE hospitalizations. These findings can provide insights on real-world mCRPC management with appropriate therapy to minimize hospitalizations and subsequent costs.
Follow-up of dissecting aortic aneurysm
Authors: G. M. Lawrie
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The first successful emergency surgical therapy of an extensive, acute, ascending dissecting aneurysm of the aorta with severe aortic insufficiency was described in a previous report.<sup>1</sup>Recently, some 15 years later, the patient had recurrent acute aortic insufficiency. This has provided an opportunity to obtain a long-term follow-up. <h3>Report of a Case. —</h3> This 47-year-old physician was admitted to The Methodist Hospital in Houston on Aug 3, 1977, with a three-week history of increasing fatigue, orthopnea, and dyspnea. He had a previous history of an extensive acute dissection of his entire thoracic and abdominal aorta on Aug 15, 1962, and he underwent emergency operation at that time.<sup>1</sup>His immediate postoperative and subsequent course had been entirely uneventful until the recent onset of symptoms. He was seen initially by his cardiologist, who noted that he had moderately severe aortic insufficiency. He was treated with digoxin and
La Crosse Encephalitis in West Virginia
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Calcification of the Auricular Cartilage in a Patient with Hypopituitarism
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal