tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The teaching hospital's growing surgical caseload
Authors: F. A. Sloan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A competitive marketplace potentially creates new pressures for teaching hospitals. To assess possible trends in teaching hospitals' case-load, we studied surgical utilization in 1972 and 1981 using two national data sets. The percentage of total patients hospitalized for surgery increased in teaching hospitals between 1972 and 1981. Nonteaching hospitals adopted several new procedures, such as hip arthroplasty. However, increased volume attributable to the spread of procedures to additional hospitals was small when compared with volume increases experienced by hospitals that performed these procedures in 1972. Teaching hospitals' caseloads grew for well-established surgical procedures such as cholecystectomy, delivery, and mastectomy and for newer, high-technology procedures such as hip arthroplasty and coronary artery surgery. Overall surgical case complexity was relatively high in teaching hospitals in 1972, and the disparity with nonteaching hospitals increased during the decade. Distribution of surgical patients by payment source varied appreciably among surgical procedures, but not among hospitals by teaching status. Teaching hospitals were successful in attracting patients from 1972 to 1981; however, several new pressures are emerging that should be watched. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:376-382)
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation After Transurethral Prostatic Resection
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mortality associated with use of IUDs
Authors: H. S. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Five deaths associated with the use of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) were reported during the first half of 1973 through a nationwide mail survey of physicians whose practices were likely to be involved with intrauterine contraception. Four of the five reported deaths involved serious infections, and two of these four occurred in relation to a pregnancy. Use of an IUD prior to death ranged from seven months to 3 1/2 years. The mortality attributable to IUDs is estimated to be lower than that attributable to combination oral contraceptives. (<i>JAMA</i>234:57-59, 1975)
Septic Shock
Authors: William Schumer
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A 42-YEAR-OLD woman is admitted to the hospital complaining of epigastric pain of five days' duration, radiating to the lower quadrant and associated with nausea, vomiting, and constipation. The pain, originally severe, relents after 24 hours and then becomes generalized throughout the abdomen and is associated with chills and fever. A physician finds rigidity, tenderness, rebound tenderness, and a tender mass in the right lower quadrant; the rectal examination shows peritoneal bogginess with notable right lower quadrant tenderness. At the time of admission the patient's temperature is 39.4 °C. She complains of chills. The skin is flushed and warm. The blood pressure (BP) is 120/80 mm Hg. A course of antibiotics is begun. Later the BP increases to 160/70 mm Hg, and the pulse rate and urinary output decrease. Then the skin becomes cold and clammy, the BP decreases to 60/0 mm Hg, and the pulse rate increases to 150
Active Morbidity Surveillance After Hurricane Andrew—Florida, 1992
Authors: Lore Elizabeth Lee
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe the health status of and to detect disease outbreaks in the population affected by Hurricane Andrew in south Dade County, Florida. <h3>Design.</h3> —The Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services and the US Army conducted active surveillance for gastrointestinal illness, respiratory illness, injury, and other index conditions by monitoring civilian and service member visits to care sites (civilian and military free care sites and hospital emergency departments) from August 30 (1 week after the hurricane's landfall) through September 30, 1992. <h3>Setting.</h3> —South Dade County, Florida. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Proportional morbidity: the number of daily visits for each index condition divided by the total number of visits, expressed as a percentage. Morbidity rate: the total number of daily visits by service members divided by the total number of service members, expressed as a percentage. <h3>Results.</h3> —Six index conditions accounted for 41.3% of visits to civilian free care sites: diarrhea (4.7%), cough (4.7%), other infection (9.6%), rash (5.4%), animal bite (1.2%), and injury (15.7%). At military free care sites, five index conditions accounted for 75.7% of civilian visits: injury (23.7%), dermatologic illness (12.4%), respiratory illness (9.9%), gastrointestinal illness (5.3%), and other medical conditions (24.4%). Two index conditions accounted for 54.1% of service member visits: injury (36.2%) and dermatologic illness (17.9%). During the 5 weeks after the hurricane, proportional morbidity from injury decreased; proportional morbidity from respiratory illness increased; and proportional morbidity from diarrhea was stable. No infectious disease outbreaks occurred. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Injuries were an important source of morbidity throughout the surveillance period, especially among service members. Enteric and respiratory agents did not cause disease outbreaks, despite alarming rumors to the contrary. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:591-594)
'Calories Don't Count' Author Indicted
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrasound aortic measurement and elective aneurysmectomy
Authors: N. R. Hertzer
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In a study of 53 cases, aneurysm size was measured with the use of preoperative physical examination, lateral abdominal roentgenography, and B-mode aortic ultrasonography for comparison with direct intraoperative measurement during aneurysmectomy. Mean aneurysm diameter on the basis of physical examination overestimated aortic size by 1 cm; physical examination measurement was within 0.5 cm of true aortic size in 38% of patients and within 1 cm in 58% of patients. The lateral roentgenogram also overestimated mean aortic diameter by 1 cm and was within 0.5 cm of true aortic size in 44% of patients and within 1 cm in 72% of patients. Measurement using B-mode aortic ultrasonography closely approximated intraoperative aneurysm measurement. Measurement was identical in 34% of patients and was within 0.5 cm and 1 cm in 75% and 92% of patients, respectively. (<i>JAMA</i>240:1966-1968, 1978)
Disabling an integral CTL epitope allows suppression of autoimmune diabetes by intranasal proinsulin peptide
Authors: Nathan R. Martinez, Petra Augstein, Antonis K. Moustakas, George K. Papadopoulos, Silvia Gregori, Luciano Adorini, David C. Jackson, Leonard C. Harrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Insulin is a major target of the autoimmune response associated with destruction of pancreatic beta cells in type 1 diabetes. A peptide that spans the junction of the insulin B chain and the connecting (C) peptide in proinsulin has been reported to stimulate T cells from humans at risk for type 1 diabetes and autoimmune diabetes-prone NOD mice. Here we show that proinsulin B24-C36 peptide binds to I-A(g7), the MHC class II molecule of the NOD mouse, and, after intranasal administration, induces regulatory CD4(+) T cells that, in the absence of CD8(+) T cells, block the adoptive transfer of diabetes. Curiously, however, intranasal B24-C36 did not inhibit development of spontaneous diabetes in treated mice. We then determined that B24-C36, and its core sequence B25-C34, bind to K(d), the NOD mouse MHC class I molecule, and elicit CD8(+) CTLs. When the CD8(+) T lymphocyte epitope was truncated at the C34 valine anchor residue for binding to K(d), the residual CD4(+) T cell epitope, B24-C32/33, significantly inhibited diabetes development after a single intranasal dose. This study identifies a novel CTL epitope in proinsulin and demonstrates that the therapeutic potential of a "tolerogenic" autoantigen peptide can be compromised by the presence of an integral CTL epitope.
Lung Cancer in the Lower Lobe Is Associated with Pulmonary Asbestos Fiber Count and Fiber Size
Authors: Sisko Anttila, Antti Karjalainen, Olavi Taikina-aho, Pentti Kyyronen, Harri Vainio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

We studied exposure to asbestos, pulmonary fibrosis, fiber count, and fiber size in relation to the lobar origin of lung cancer in 90 consecutive patients. Among the 32 patients with a history of occupational exposure to asbestos, 22 were construction workers. The proportion of lower-lobe tumors increased with the duration of exposure from 45% in those working less than 15 years to 82% in those working 15 years or more in the construction trade, as compared with 25% in patients who were probably not exposed. The location of the tumor in the lower lobe was explained by the high number of total fibers [odds ratio (OR) = 9.0, CI = 2.3-34.6), of fibers 3 microns and longer (OR = 22.1, CI = 3.9-125), and fibers of anthophyllite (OR = 14.6, CI = 2.4-83.4) and crocidolite (OR = 7.0, CI = 1.2-41.2) when the effect of smoking and fibrosis was adjusted in the logistic regression analysis. The location of the tumor did not correlate with fibrosis, pack-years smoked, or the number of short (< 3 microns) fibers. Our findings suggest that asbestos causes an excess of lower-lobe tumors at a relatively low exposure level, independently of pulmonary fibrosis.
Objective and Experimental Psychiatry
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dysplasia and Malignancy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: W. Dobbins
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1984)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
Effects of Heparin, Nicotinic Acid and ACTH on Experimental Nephrosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pituitary stones and associated hypopituitarism
Authors: H. C. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1979)

IN 1975 DiChiro and colleagues<sup>1</sup>described two women with pituitary stones. They emphasized the benignity of this process and its rarity. We report two additional cases, both men, one of whom had clinical hypopituitarism. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 73-year-old white, single man was admitted to the hospital in March 1977 because of recurrent episodes of dizziness and confusion. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was noted at this time. Subsequent examination also disclosed a ten-second run of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia on dynamic ECG monitoring in July 1977. A skull x-ray film in March 1977 demonstrated dense intrasellar calcification (Fig 1). Review of the history and physical examination failed to show symptoms or signs of hypopituitarism. He had no known children. Quinidine sulfate and digoxin were prescribed to treat the arrhythmia. Endocrine evaluation showed a thyroxine (T<sub>4</sub>) level of 6.0 μg/dL (normal, 3.5 to 11.9 μg/dL) and free thyroxine index of
Consensus conference: Precursors to malignant melanoma
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment decisions for older patients with cancer: Influence of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) and the choice of the patient and their caregiver.
Authors: Rabia Boulahssass, Francine Auben, Sebastien Gonfrier, Véronique Mari, Jean-Marc Ferrero, Delphine Borchiellini, jean-Louis Bernard, Jean-Michel Turpin, Cyrielle Rambaud, Andre Gary, Guillaume Sacco, Claire Dittlot, Veronique Mailland, Daniel Benchimol, Patrice Brocker, Jean-Michel Hannoun-Levi, Eric Francois, Olivier Guerin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e20518 Background: The aim of this study is to déterminate the influence of the CGA for the oncologic treatments in older patients with cancer but also to determinate the point of view of the patient and their caregiver. Methods: This is a prospective and a cohort study . During the follow up of 3 months, the final decision, the rate and the type of modification according to the CGA are collected.568 patients and their caregivers are asked about their decisions on the recommended oncologic treatment. The treatment could be chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, others thérapies or palliative care. An ethics committee had approved this study. Results: 568 patients and 568 caregivers are enrolled .The mean age was 82 years old (70-92). The CGA influence the décision in 20% of the cases. The modifications are for 2% (n=10) changes in the chemotherapy (dose or protocol), for 7% (n=40) switch for other therapies instead the chemotherapy and for 11% (n=60), palliative care instead « aggressive therapies ». Only 6% of patients refused the treatment and 6% of the caregivers . 5% of the patients could not make a décision because « it’s difficult » and ask their doctors to make the decision and also for 11% of their caregivers.17% of the patients could not make a décision because of their cognitive status and only five caregivers had cognitive impairment. 8% of the patients could not make a decisions because they don’t know the diagnosis and only five caregivers. 62% of them accepted the treatment and 73% for their caregivers. Conclusions: The CGA influence the therapeutic décision in 20% of the cases. Most of the patients who could make a decision, has the same réflexion than younger patients. Cognitive status needs to be checked before making the decision.A little part of them don’t know the diagnosis because of their family , an ethical réflexion is necessary because the right to know is also important in the elderly.
False-positive HIV antibody tests in RPR-reactive patients
Authors: B. Kvinesdal
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known to be associated with a certain amount of false-positivity. False-positive results have been found more frequently in people with liver diseases, parenteral drug abusers, hemodialysis patients, and patients who receive multiple transfusions. Recently, Fleming et al<sup>1</sup>reported that HIV ELISA false-positivity using the Abbott Laboratories (North Chicago, Ill) ELISA was strongly associated with positive results of rapid plasma reagin (RPR) tests for syphilis. In their study, 15 (24.2%) of 62 RPR-positive serum samples tested falsely positive for HIV antibody. We report herein a study that included serum specimens from 2210 persons examined for venereal diseases. <h3>Study.—</h3> Serum samples were obtained in January 1988 and submitted for routine syphilis serological testing and HIV antibody testing at Statens Seruminstitut, Copenhagen. Informed consent was obtained from all the persons tested. All serum
Urinary Calculi
Authors: Hans H. Zinsser
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Among the most striking changes in pediatric practice over the past 30 years has been the gradual disappearance in the United States of the problem of calculi in children.<sup>1</sup>Increasing attention to the nutritional problems of children is the only common factor to which this progress can be attributed. It seems highly likely, if similar attention is paid to the diet of adults in the United States and to children in the rest of the world, that tremendous strides can be made in the prevention and eradication of the stone problem. It is likely that emphasis will have to be placed on<i>relative deficiencies</i>within known intakes, rather than on any clear-cut single lack. Even were such progress to be carried forward as is foreseen, there would still be many stones secondary to infection and the resultant inflammatory processes within the urinary tract. <h3>Physiochemical Considerations</h3> The stability of supersaturated
Cancer Education
Authors: M. Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Mitochondrial function is reduced in aged tissue and upon exposure to environmental challenges. However, little is known on the adaptive response of lung cell mitochondria to non-toxic doses of cigarette smoke mimicking a realistic exposure scenario. Depending on the stress, mitochondria either adapt using a sophisticated quality control or induce dysfunction, mitophagy and apoptotic cell death. The aim of our project is to investigate the effect of non-toxic cigarette smoke on lung cell mitochondrial function and quality control. In order to analyze mitochondrial quality control in response to smoke exposure, we used a cell culture model of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) treated alveolar epithelial cells. Levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and the proteasomal pathway were assessed using Western Blot analysis. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed and mitochondrial function was determined by measuring membrane potential and activity. First data showed that non-toxic doses of CSE induced mitochondrial elongation accompanied by increased metabolic activity and membrane potential. Correspondingly, the mitochondrial fusion protein Mfn2 was found to be increased in CSE treated cells. Of note, Mfn2 levels were also increased in lungs of COPD patients. Furthermore, VCP/p97, which is proposed to extract proteins from the mitochondria and transport them to the proteasome, was upregulated in CSE treated cells as well as in COPD lungs. These data give first evidence for adaptive alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and increased mitochondrial function and UPS-mediated quality control in alveolar epithelial cells in response to non-toxic and low dose cigarette smoke.