tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
From the NIH: TORCH package antibody tests not recommended for routine screening of pregnant women
Journal: JAMA (1982)

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Highlights
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2019)

Excisional Surgery Practices for Melanoma 1244In this national cross-sectional analysis, Lee and colleagues reviewed trends in the use of comprehensive margin assessment surgery among US adults with melanoma by tracking claims data for Mohs surgery.The primary outcome was the likelihood of a melanoma being treated with Mohs surgery over time, evaluated by multivariable logistic regression and expressed as the odds of treatment per additional calendar year.Results showed that there was marked geographic variation in surgical practices, but the use of Mohs surgery with and without immunohistochemistry is increasing.Miller and colleagues provide a Viewpoint.
Bioscience Funding
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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Leads from the MMWR. Ectopic pregnancy--United States, 1981-1983
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bureau of Investigation
Journal: JAMA (1931)

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Contribution of Environmental Fibers to Respiratory Cancer
Authors: Gilbert S. Omenn, James Merchant, Edwin Boatman, John M. Dement, Marvin Kuschner, William Nicholson, Julian Peto, Linda Rosenstock
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

This article reviews studies of the carcinogenicity of mineral fibers, notably asbestos, and presents seven major recommendations for further research. Mineral fibers represent the greatest cause--after cigarette smoke--of respiratory cancer due to air pollutants. Past asbestos exposure may currently account for 2000 mesothelioma deaths per year and 4000 to 6000 lung cancer deaths per year. All major commercial types of asbestos (crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile) can cause each of the major asbestos-related respiratory diseases. Lung cancers in asbestos-exposed individuals probably do not have a different distribution of histological types from that of non-asbestos-related lung cancers. Nonoccupational exposures are likely to be associated with malignant disease outcomes qualitatively similar to those associated with occupational exposures. Further investigations of fibers are needed to characterize the relationships among physicochemical properties, patterns of migration and clearance, dose, and adverse health effects. Transmission electron microscopy has been found to be the preferred method of analysis of environmental fibers. Relations among time factors (e.g., age at first exposure), dose, and risk for adverse health effects require analyses of existing and new epidemiologic studies of exposed cohorts. Concomitant exposure, behavioral factors, and host factors affecting susceptibility to asbestos should be identified.
Community Service Projects Recognized
Journal: JAMA (1990)

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CLASSICAL APHASIA.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DESENSITIZATION OF HAY-FEVER PATIENTS BY SPECIFIC LOCAL APPLICATIONS
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FAMILIAL XANTHOMATOSIS
Authors: J. C. SWANSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1943)

Journal Article FAMILIAL XANTHOMATOSIS Get access J. C. SWANSON, M.A., M.B., B.Ch.Camb. J. C. SWANSON, M.A., M.B., B.Ch.Camb. Late House Surgeon to the Chelmsford and Essex Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 55, Issue 12, 1 December 1943, Pages 289–293, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1943.tb10723.x Published: 01 December 1943
Osteoporosis
Authors: Victoria Seewaldt
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PWE-010 The Association Of Tgfb Signalling Pathway Gene Polymorphisms With Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis
Authors: JL McGuire, M McPhail, A Rajendran, KJ Monahan
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Approximately 35% of colorectal cancer risk is due to heritable factors. To date, a large fraction of this heritability remains unexplained. The TGFß signalling pathway has an increasingly implicated role in colorectal carcinogenesis, with highly penetrant-germline mutations of <i>BMPR1A</i>, <i>SMAD4</i> and <i>GREM1</i> causing known polyposis syndromes. We propose that common, low penetrance variation of TGFß signalling genes may account for much of the unexplained heritability of colorectal cancer, underlining the importance of this signalling pathway in the aetiology of colorectal cancer. <h3>Aim</h3> A meta-analysis of the association of TGFß signalling pathway gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with low penetrance colorectal cancer risk. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic literature search of Medline and Embase was performed. Data was extracted from eligible studies, according to pre-specified criteria. RevMan software, version 5.2, was used to generate pooled odds ratios (OR) to estimate the risk attributed to each variant. In addition to this, subgroup analyses for ethnicity, gender and tumour site were performed to investigate these as sources of heterogeneity. <h3>Results</h3> Between 9,854 and 27,641 cases were meta-analysed for each SNP. Of the 10 SNPs discovered in a review of the literature, 8 were significantly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in this study. These SNPs were located within <i>BMP4</i>, <i>GREM1</i>, <i>CDH1</i>, <i>SMAD7</i>, <i>RHPN2</i> and <i>BMP2</i>, the largest effect was for rs10411210 within <i>RHPN2</i> (OR=1.15; 95% CI 1.09- 1.22, I<sup>2</sup> 50%). Subgroup analyses revealed gender as a possible source of heterogeneity, but no preferential associations for any of the SNPs with tumour site or ethnicity were detected. However determination of inconsistency between studies, i.e. I<sup>2</sup> of &lt;50% for 8 of 10 SNPs, indicated that overall study heterogeneity was not a common source of bias. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Discussion: Whilst 8 out of 10 variants showed significant association, the estimates of risk were small with all OR &lt;1.15. This may result from suboptimal methods of estimating risk, as well as unknown disease heterogeneity. This process is constrained by a lack of knowledge of the true risk alleles tagged by the SNPs studied. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results of this analysis underline the integral role of the TGFß signalling pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis. Knowledge of the function of tagged risk alleles is required to elucidate and accurately estimate the risk attributed to polymorphisms in this pathway. Keywords: colorectal cancer, TGFβ signalling, low penetrance <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 17145: Mitral Leaflet Growth and its Relationship with Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Non-ischemic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Yu Kang, Xiao-Jing Chen, Qing Zhang, Xiao-Ling Sun, Yu-Chen Chen, Fang Wang, Ling-Li Li, Yu-Jia Liang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Backgrounds: Recent studies evidenced growth of the mitral leaflet (ML) in patients with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), casting doubt on the traditional understanding of FMR. The aim of this study was to explore whether growth of ML occurs in patients with non-ischemic left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and to examine whether there was any relationship between the growth of ML and the development of FMR. Methods: Echocardiographic examination was performed in 3 groups of patients: patients with non-ischemic LV systolic dysfunction [LV ejection fraction (EF) &lt;50%] and significant FMR (MR jet area ratio≥20%) (group1, n=40), patients with non-ischemic LV systolic dysfunction but no significant FMR (MR jet area ratio &lt;20%) (group2, n=30), and normal subjects (group3, n=40). The lengths of the anterior (AML) and posterior (PML) mitral leaflets as well as the anterior-posterior mitral annular dimension (MAD) were measured to reflect the degree of ML growth and mitral annular dilation. The ratio of AML and PML to MAD (AML: MAD, PML: MAD) were calculated respectively to assess the adequacy of ML growth in the context of mitral annular dilation. Results: The AML, PML, and the MAD were all increased in patients with LV systolic dysfunction (group1 and group2) compared with normal subjects (group3). In patients with LV systolic dysfunction, both PML and MAD were further increased in group1 compared with group2. However, AML showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. As a result, PML:MAD showed no significant difference between group1 and group2, while AML:MAD was significantly decreased in group1 compared with group2 (Table 1). Conclusion: Mitral leaflet growth occurs in patients with non-ischemic LV systolic dysfunction. Insufficient growth of the anterior mitral leaflet relative to dilated mitral annulus is associated with the development of significant FMR.
Phenotypic and functional characterization of intrahepatic natural killer and macrophages in viral chronic hepatitis (VCH) . Liver Unit, Molecular Biology Unit*, and Pathology Service#, Hospital de la Princesa, Universidad Aut�noma de Madrid, Spain
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

14 severely burned patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three nasogastric feeds commencing after the resuscitation period and continuing for 15 days. Group A received a feed with a high leucine content (31% of protein as branched chain amino-acids, BCAA). Group B received a similar feed to Group A but 65% of the leucine was replaced by alpha-ketoisocaproate (KIC). Group C received a whole protein feed (16% of the protein content as BCAA), and acted as a control group. Targeted energy intake was twice the calculated Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).Group A had significantly reduced urinary 3-methylhistidine (3-MEH) and serum urea, compared with the control group. Serum total protein, albumin and transferrin and apparent nitrogen balance were not significantly different. Group B's results did not vary significantly from controls.Leucine enrichment reduces muscle protein breakdown benefiting burn patients fed enterally when compared to a standard feed, whereas KIC enrichment does not.
Osteomyelitis
Authors: Daniel P. Lew, Francis A. Waldvogel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Known since antiquity,1 osteomyelitis is a difficult-to-treat infection characterized by the progressive inflammatory destruction and new apposition of bone.24 This review focuses on current knowledge of the disease and the progress being made in understanding its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.PathogenesisThe pathogenesis of osteomyelitis has been explored in various animal models5; these studies have found that normal bone is highly resistant to infection, which can only occur as a result of very large inocula, trauma, or the presence of foreign bodies.6,7 Certain major causes of infection, such as Staphylococcus aureus, adhere to bone by expressing receptors . . .
Abstract 1574: Inhibition Of Extracellular Ca <sup>2+</sup> Influx And Rho Kinase Mediate Hypoxic Dilation Of Human Mammary Artery
Authors: Vijay Venkataramana, Arshad Muhammad, Michael S Wolin, Sachin A Gupte
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective : Systemic artery dilates in response to decrease in Po 2 , to maintain blood supply to stressed organ. However, the mechanism of hypoxic dilation is still unknown and the effect of hypoxia on human systemic arteries is infrequently studied. Since the internal mammary artery (IMA), a routinely used bypass conduit, is often exposed to low Po 2 that evokes vasospasm and leads to hypo-perfusion of myocardium in peri- and post-operative conditions, we initiated this study to elucidate the mechanism of hypoxic dilation in IMA. Methods &amp; Results : The distal IMA was collected during a CABG surgery in a blinded-fashion and 2–3 mm rings were used in the isometric tone study. The IMA rings pre-contracted with either KCl (30 mM; n=7), a depolarizing agent, or phenylephrine (PE: 10 μM; n=7), a α-adrenergic agonist, relaxed to 34 ± 12% and 10±7%, respectively, of the steady-state pre-hypoxic contraction, in a time-dependent manner by decreasing Po 2 from 140 to 30 torr. The initiation of hypoxic dilation was mediated by opening of K + channels, because IMA pre-contracted with PE relaxed (P=0.027) to 74±12% of the steady-state pre-hypoxic contraction @ 3 minutes by hypoxia and tetraethylammonium acetate (TEA; 10 mM), a K + channel blocker, suppressed (P=0.059) relaxation (97.4±1.6% @ 3 minutes). More interestingly pretreatment of IMA with Y-27362 (10 μM), a Rho kinase inhibitor, shifted Ca 2+ sensitivity to the right, since [Ca 2+ ] o required to induce 50% contraction of IMA by KCl (30 mM) was shifted from 0.3±0.1 mM (control) to 1.1±0.1 mM (Y-27362), and decreased (P=0.043) hypoxic dilation (Y-27362+KCl: 74±14%; n=5 versus KCl: 34±12%; n=7; @ 3 minutes). Hypoxia also shifted Ca 2+ sensitivity and suppressed (P&lt;0.005) steady-state contraction (Normoxia: 4.3±0.1g versus Hypoxia: 1.2±0.6g) evoked by 1.5 mM [Ca 2+ ] o . Conclusion : Our results, therefore, demonstrate that inhibition of extracellular Ca 2+ influx and Rho kinase plays a major role in hypoxic dilation of human artery and we propose that response of IMA conduits to hypoxia could be compromised in hypertension and diabetes in which the Ca 2+ handling and Rho kinase is modulated, leading to hypo-perfusion of myocardium in hypertensive/diabetic patients undergoing CABG surgery. (Supported by AHA Grant #0435070N)