tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE BRAIN WEIGHT OF THE JAPANESE.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EDUCATION IN AMERICAN SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Possible Trisomy in Chromosome Group 6-12 in a Mentally Retarded Patient
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute/Chronic respiratory failure III
Authors: E. Fernàndez Mondèjar, G. Vazquez Mata, F. Ferròn, P. Navarrete, J. M. Torres Ruiz, P. Lestavel, L. Tronchon, M. C. Chambrin, J. Mangalaboyi, A. Rime, C. Chopin, P. Valta, R. Campodonico, C. Corbeil, M. Chassè, A. Châtillon, J. Braidy, N. Matar, J. Milic-Emili, J. Lòpez-Messa, L. Penas, A. Valverde, M. Dambrosio, E. Roupie, A. Carneiro, M. C. Anglade, N. Vasile, L. Brochard, F. Lemaire, J. Rubio, M. S. Carrasco, I. Mateo, R. Sierra, A. Escolar, J. Cozar, K. Bastin, R. Knapen, J. J. Moraine, C. Melot, R. Sergysels, R. J. Kahn, P. Pelosi, M. Cereda, G. Foti, L. D’Andrea, B. Manetti, A. Lissoni, A. Pesenti, J. M. Allegue Gallego, J. A. Gòmez Rubi, C. Palazòn Sànchez, A. Melgarejo Moreno, T. Lherm, R. Boiteau, E. Valente, M. Beaussier, F. Chamieh, A. Tenaillon, E. R. Righini, R. Alvisi, R. Ragazzi, C. A. Volta, M. Capuzzo, G. Gritti, M. Sydow, H. Burchardi, J. Zinserling, T. A. Crozier, J. Guttmann, L. Eberhard, W. Bertschmann, B. Fabry, G. Wolff, A. Rubini, D. D. DelMonte, V. Catena, I. Attar, G. Rattazzi, G. L. Alati, M. Arias Diaz, G. Vàzquez Mata, P. Navarrete Navarro, F. Guerrero Lòpez, A. Mèrida Morales, J. Isenegger, L. Picazo, A. Sanchez, B. Hernandez, A. Pons, G. Conti, L. Di Chiara, R. A. De Blasi, D. Dell’Utri, A. Cogliati, P. Pelaia, A. Ferretti, F. Bernasconi, G. Banfi, A. Pesenti, C. Putensen, G. Putensen-Himmer, M. Leon, P. E. M. Huygen, I. Gültuna, A. Zwart, C. Ince, H. A. Bruining, J. C. Pompe, J. Kesecioĝlu, A. Rabbat, J. P. Laaban, E. Orvoen-Frija, A. Achkar, J. Rochemaure, V. Frigo, M. Solca, G. Melloni, C. Gerbsa, A. Ornaghi, S. Mancini, R. Cavagnoli, W. Fasano, C. Santos, J. Roca, A. Torres, J. Cardùs, J. A. Barberà, M. A. Felez, R. Rodriguez-Roisin, R. Oviedo-Moreira, L. Beydon, G. Nakos, A. Precates, C. Mathas, N. Bassilakis, K. Chagianagnostou, L. Massoura, S. Labropoulos, M. Devroey, P. Vansnick, C. Mèlot, R. Naeije, V. Nagy, R. Kiiski, S. Kaitainen, R. Karppi, J. Takala, J. Kesecioglu, W. Erdmann, J. Marin, A. Arnau, M. Tejeda, D. Olivares, E. Servera, J. H. Boix, F. Alvarez, F. Peydro, J. P. Mira, M. Belghith, B. Renaud, E. Deland, F. Brunet, A. Brusset, J. J. Lanore, I. Hamy, J. L. Termignon, O. Soubrane, F. Pochard, J. F. Dhainaut, P. S. Sidhu, J. F. Cockburn, D. A. Nicholson, A. Kennedy, P. Dawson, F. E. Servera
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Immunology of liver disease Immunology and Medicine Series; Volume 21. Edited by H. C. Thomas and J. Waters, 209 pp. Lancaster, UK: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994. $70
Authors: E KRAWITT
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Synthetic and natural polymers have been used extensively as scaffolds and modification agents in bioconjugate design. The addition of a core polymer scaffold to a conjugate that consists of two or more components can provide multipoint attachment sites to add more copies of each molecule to the final complex. Alternatively, hydrophilic linear or branched polymers can be used to modify a biomolecule or a conjugate to provide increased water solubility, lower nonspecific binding, or protection against degradation. In addition, crosslinkers and modification reagents made with PEG cross-bridges can provide a dramatic increase in bioconjugate solubility and prevent aggregation or precipitation in aqueous buffers. This chapter reviews the major polymer options commonly used in bioconjugate construction, including their structures, properties, and the available functional or reactive groups present to use for conjugation purposes. It is divided into two main categories; the first involves discrete polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based reagents, including crosslinkers and modification agents, and the second involves much larger polymers for use as modifiers or multivalent scaffolds.
Acute and late side effects for intraoperative electron radiotherapy during breast-conserving surgery of breast cancer.
Authors: Edwin Boelke, Marina Alessandro, Wilfried Budach, Karin Zwiefel, Wolfgang Janni, Christiane Matuschek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

94 Background: Intraoperative boost irradiation as part of breast-conserving therapy is a perfect method to adequately capture the high risk tumor relapse area. The most homogeneous dose distribution is achieved with electrons. Intraoperative radiotherapy (IOERT) as a boost for breast cancer releases a high single dose of radiation to the breast tissue; therefore acute toxicity is of particular attention. To date there is only inadequate information available on breast cancer patients treated with IORT using electrons applied as a boost. We therefore analyzed the acute toxicity and late side effects after radiotherapy with 10 Gy as a boost with a minimum follow-up of 3 months. Methods: A total of 385 patients treated with IOERT (10 Gy with 5, 7 and 9 MeV electrons) with a dedicated robotic linac (NOVAC 7, New Radiant Technology, Aprilia, Italy) to the tumor bed during breast-conserving surgery as a boost followed by whole-breast radiotherapy (WBRT,50- 50.4 Gy; 1.8-2 Gy per fraction) were included in this study. All patients underwent a retrospective follow-up regarding acute and late side effects. Toxicities were documented using the common toxicity criteria (CTC 4.0 of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer). Results: The IOERT was well tolerated and the cosmetic results were good. As a side effect there were five patients with seroma. Two patients developed a secondary wound healing. Two patients developed chronic pain in the irradiated breast. Ten patients developed a grade 2 fibrosis. The remaining patients did not develop any grade 3 or 4 side effects. The observed toxicity rates were not influenced by age, tubus size, electron energy or systemic therapy. 80 patients had a follow up longer than 5 years. Three of them developed distant metastasis and one patient died. Conclusions: After IOERT of the breast using electrons we did not find any unexpected acute and late toxicity rates.
Statistical Association between Cancer Incidence and Major-Cause Mortality, and Estimated Residential Exposure to Air Emissions from Petroleum and Chemical Plants
Authors: John Kaldor, John A. Harris, Eva Glazer, Sally Glaser, Raymond Neutra, Robert Mayberry, Verne Nelson, Lewis Robinson, Dwayne Reed
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

An ecologic study design was used to investigate the relationship between exposure to air emissions produced by the petroleum and chemical industries, and average annual cancer incidence and major cause mortality rates among whites in Contra Costa County, California. Estimates for the exposure to major industrial sources of sulfur dioxide, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen were used to subdivide the county by level of exposure to petroleum refinery and chemical plant emissions. Cancer incidence and major cause mortality rates were then calculated for whites in each of the exposure areas. In both males and females, residential exposure to petroleum and chemical air emissions was associated with an increased incidence of cancer of the buccal cavity and pharynx. In males, age-adjusted incidence rates for cancers of the stomach, lung, prostate and kidney and urinary organs were also associated with petroleum and chemical plant air emission exposures. In both sexes, we found a strong positive association between degree of residential exposure and death rates from cardiovascular disease and cancer, and a less strong positive association between exposure and death rates from cerebrovascular disease. There was also a positive association in men for deaths from cirrhosis of the liver. Although these observed associations occurred across areas of similar socioeconomic and broad occupational class, confounding variables and the "ecologic fallacy" must be considered as possible explanations. In particular, the stronger findings in men suggest an occupational explanation of the cancer incidence trends, and the effect observed in cirrhosis mortality suggests that lifestyle variables such as alcohol consumption were not adequately controlled for. While the public health implications of our findings remain unclear, the evidence presented is sufficient to warrant follow-up studies based on individual data in which possible biases can be more readily controlled.
Cellular Origin of Cancer: Dedifferentiation or Stem Cell Maturation Arrest?
Authors: Stewart Sell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Given the fundamental principle that cancer must arise from a cell that has the potential to divide, two major nonexclusive hypotheses of the cellular origin of cancer are that malignancy arises a) from stem cells due to maturation arrest or b) from dedifferentiation of mature cells that retain the ability to proliferate.The role of stem cells in carcinogenesis is clearly demon- strated in teratocarcinomas.The malignant stem cells of teratocarcinomas are derived from normal multipotent stem cells and have the potential to differentiate into normal benign mature tissue.A widely studied model supporting dedifferentiation has been the putative ori- gin of hepatocarcinomas from "premalignant" foci and nodules induced in the rat liver by chemicals.However, the dedifferentiation concept for hepatocarcinogenesis is challenged by more recent interpretations indicating that hepatocellular carcinoma arises from maturation arrest caused by abherrant differentiation of determined stem cells.Either hypothesis is sup- ported by the cellular changes that occur in the rodent liver after different hepatocarcinogenic regimens.The formation of foci and nodules from altered hepatocytes supports dedifferentia- tion; the proliferation of small oval cells with the potential to differentiate into either biliary ducts or hepatocytes supports arrested maturation of determined stem cells.It is now postulat- ed that foci and nodular change reflect adaptive changes to the toxic effects of carcinogens and not "preneoplastic" stages to cancer.The stem cell model predicts that genotoxic chemicals induce mutations in the determined stem cell which may be expressed in its progeny.Proliferation of initiated cells is induced by promoting events which also allow additional mutations to occur.
End-of-treatment spinal tap in bacterial meningitis. Is it worthwhile?
Authors: D. T. Durack
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Examination of CSF at the end of treatment for bacterial meningitis is a common clinical practice. Because its value as a test of cure is questionable, we reviewed 165 cases in which a posttreatment spinal tap was done. Frequency distributions of spinal fluid findings are presented, showing that strikingly wide ranges of glucose and protein levels and cell counts at the end of treatment are compatible with cure. The CSF findings failed to provide a warning in the only two patients in whom treatment failure was diagnosed later. In 13 others, the results led to unnecessary intervention. These data indicate that the posttreatment lumbar puncture is usually valueless as a test of cure in bacterial meningitis and can do more harm than good. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:75-78)
China is eager to export its traditional medicine, but some Chinese scientists urge more skepticism
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Shanghai, China WHILE THE CHINESE government is stepping up efforts to export traditional Chinese medicine to the West, skeptical scientists in China are asking their western colleagues for help in examining the more remarkable claims of the country's traditional healers. In August, the China Science and Technology Information Institute announced plans to speed up the exportation of traditional Chinese medicines, which many in the East and West are promoting as more effective and less harmful than Western medicines. According to a report in the August 5 issue of China's official newspaper,<i>China Daily</i>, the institute expects foreign sales of traditional Chinese medicines to double to more than $2 billion by the year 2000. Business for marketers of traditional and other scientifically untested remedies is booming within China. Throughout Beijing, Shanghai, and other cities, women in white smocks sit at tables in front of pharmacies where they offer passersby free examinations
A Chicago Medical Library.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peptic Ulceration
Authors: V. J. Kinsella
Journal: BMJ (1948)

<h3>Objective</h3> To determine the frequency, age and sex associations for autoimmune encephalitis antibody biomarkers (AE-Abs). <h3>Methods</h3> There were 42032 patients tested in the Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology Laboratory between January 2018-December 2019 for AE-Abs in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) including; NMDA-R-IgG, AMPA-R-IgG, GABAB-R-IgG, CASPR2-IgG, LGI1-IgG, GAD65-IgG, CRMP5-IgG, amphiphysin-IgG, PCA1/2/Tr-IgGs, ANNA1/2/3-IgGs, GFAP-α-IgG, mGluR1-IgG, DPPX-IgG, MOG-IgG1, were examined to determine frequency of antibody positivity. Age and sex associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression. <h3>Results</h3> Adult serum analysis (22,472 patients; 56% female) revealed 814 (4%) were positive: NMDA-R-IgG (25%) &gt; GAD65-IgG (22%) &gt; LGI1-IgG (21%) &gt; others. Of children (5,649; 50% female), 250 (4%) were positive: NMDA-R-IgG (53%) &gt; MOG-IgG1 (32%) &gt; GAD65-IgG (7%) &gt; others. Adult CSF analysis (18,745 patients; 54% female) revealed 709 (4%) were positive; NMDA-R-IgG (45%) &gt; GAD65-IgG (19%) &gt; LGI1-IgG (13%) &gt; others. Of children (5136; 50% female), 276 (5%) were positive: NMDA-R-IgG (90%) &gt; GAD65-IgG (7%) &gt; others. Age &lt;20 years was associated with NMDA-R-IgG and MOG-IgG1 (OR=8.11 and 7.73 respectively, p&lt;0.001). Age &gt;65 years was associated with GABAB-R-IgG, LGI1-IgG, CASPR2-IgG and ANNA1-IgG (OR=7.33, 14.98, 3.67, 14.53, p&lt;0.001). Women accounted for 60% of NMDA-R-IgG (CSF) and 78% of GAD65-IgG (CSF/serum) cohorts (OR=1.32, p=0.002, OR=2.78, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Men accounted for 62% of the LGI1-IgG cohort (OR=1.87, p &lt;0.001). Age and sex interacted for NMDA-R-IgG, particularly in females &lt;20 years (OR=7.72, p &lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The most frequently detected were NMDA-R-IgG, LGI1-IgG, GAD65-IgG and MOG-IgG1. Age and sex associations may suggest paraneoplastic, endocrinological or aging influences on neurological autoimmunity.
Correction for Euro Surveill. 2020;26(11)
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2021)

© This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Closure This is a corrected article applying to the following content: Paediatric tuberculosis during universal and selective Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination policy: a nationwide population-based retrospective study, Finland, 1995–2015
PERSISTENT HICCUPS
Authors: A. J. CAFFREY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

I feel that I should report the following case for a twofold reason: first, because of the immediate response to the drug of the troublesome hiccups which had been persistent for eight days, and were fast sapping the patient's strength and vitality; and secondly, on account of the clearing up of an old chronic bilateral exuding eczema on the flexor surface of the arms. <h3>History.</h3> —The patient, J. R., bachelor, 48 years old, was a large, healthy-looking fellow with ruddy complexion, probably due to his occupation; he was foreman of the signal service of a large railroad, and his work kept him out of doors in all kinds of weather. While not a teetotaler, he was abstemious. Mother died following an operation for gallstones; father died of old age; one brother and one sister were living and healthy, except that the brother was troubled with eczema on one hand.
Abstract 18301: Intra-operative Left Coronary Doppler Profile Independently Predicts Need for Ecmo or Late Revision After Arterial Switch
Authors: Fredrik H Halvorsen, Deane Yim, Lynne Nield, Christopher A Caldarone, Glen S Van Arsdell, Eric Pham-Hung, An Duong, Michael Gritti, Edward J Hickey
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: We hypothesized that intraoperative coronary Doppler profiles after button implantation would help predict survival and morbidity after arterial switch. Methods: Children (N=319) undergoing arterial switch (2000-2012; TGA 190, TGA-VSD 95, TGA-VSD-PS 10, Taussig-Bing 14, others 10) underwent intraoperative echocardiographic assessment of coronary buttons. Studies were blindly reviewed to delineate Doppler gradient, peak flow velocity, velocity-time integral (VTI) and late diastolic flow reversal, which were explored as predictors of death, ICU morbidity and need for late coronary revision via parametric risk-adjusted regression and bootstrap reliability. Results: Outcomes included: death=9 (3%), ECMO=13 (4%), surgical coronary revision=9 (3%). Higher left button Doppler values were predictors of chest open duration, post-op JET, need for revision or ECMO. Mean left button gradient was the most reliable - table. Right button Doppler values were not strong predictors of morbidity. Higher left Doppler gradients confer disproportionate impact - figure. Mean gradient ≥ 1.5 had late revision risk 27%, versus 1.6% for &lt; 1.5 ( P =.0016). Intraoperative strategies to improve button geometry included release of fascia (16, 5%) or button revision (9, 3%). Such strategies reduced gradients, velocities and VTI ( P between .004 and .03 ). Left Doppler values retained their predictive value even in 296 (93%) children who had no such coronary manipulation - table. Conclusions: Aiming for mean left coronary gradient &lt; 1.5-2 and peak &lt;4 mmHg through routine Doppler assessment will help lower risk of ECMO and late coronary problems.
Editorial: Anorexia nervosa: treatment by behavior modification
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

An earlier editorial (220:852-853, 1972) recounted Stunkard's success in treating anorexia nervosa patients by positive reinforcement (granting a "reward" for progress, namely in this instance, weight gain). In the March issue of the<i>Archives of General Psychiatry</i>(30:279-286, 1974), in a series of single-case experiments, Agras et al restudied the influence of positive reinforcement and other variables on whether or not patients with anorexia nervosa gain weight. In each experiment, the patient first entered a base line period during which conditions were rather Spartan. Each day the patient was confined to her room except for three rigidly scheduled visits to the dayroom where she could talk with other patients and watch television. She was fed four large meals daily (1,500 calories each), was required to record the number of mouthfuls eaten at each meal, was given a card after each meal showing the number of calories consumed, and was weighed