tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atypical cough syncope
Authors: M. J. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1984)

TUSSIVE or cough syncope is an uncommon but easily recognized syndrome. The typical case is benign and does not require extensive evaluation. We report an atypical case of cough syncope that was associated with marked stenoses of both common carotid arteries and that improved with surgery. We review the literature, with particular attention to cases with correctable lesions. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 51-year-old man complained of six months of cough syncope. During spontaneous and prolonged coughing, he would lose consciousness for seconds to minutes. His attacks occurred almost daily. He smoked but was receiving no medications. He had a medical history of hypertension, chronic alcoholism, and angina that led to a single-vessel coronary artery bypass. Physical examination of this normotensive man was remarkable for obesity and bilateral carotid bruits. Provocative maneuvers, such as forced coughing or Valsalva, could not reproduce the syncope. A chest roentgenogram was unremarkable. An ECG
Oncology
Authors: Judith E. Karp
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Molecular oncology continues to unravel the fundamental interplay among normally occurring, growth-promoting genes (oncogenes), tumor suppressor genes, and cell cycle regulators that determines the balance between cellular growth and differentiation. Mechanisms that perturb this balance can result in malignant transformation and increasingly serve as molecular targets for manipulation. Recent innovations in molecular technology provide an increasingly sensitive dissection of the normal mechanisms by which tumor suppressor genes modulate cell growth. For example, the protein product of the tumor suppressor gene p53 (located on the short arm of chromosome 17, 17p13) may exert its net growth inhibitory activity by binding to (and altering the function of) specific sequences of DNA.<sup>1,2</sup>In response to certain types of DNA damage (eg, UV light), the p53 protein is upregulated, prolonging the G1 phase of the cell cycle and allowing the cell time to repair DNA breaks.<sup>3</sup>Cells with aberrant net p53 expression
GMENAC, AMA policy, and the pitfalls of Parkinson
Authors: G. D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The caldron boils on how many doctors would be excessive, insufficient, or enough for this society. Immigrant foreign medical graduates in huge numbers (around 21% of total MDs) now populate the clinics and hospitals of the inner cities and rural areas. They are also sprinkled into the so-called more desirable areas and into positions of power and influence. The foreign medical graduate who is a US citizen is proliferating at a record rate, holds strong opinions as to birthright, and has allies in large numbers because of families and friends who are politically and economically potent. More medical schools in this country are producing more MD graduates than at any other time, although 1982 did witness a very slight decline in entering medical school freshmen.<sup>1</sup>Non-MD or DO practitioners of healing (primarily dentists, nurses, pharmacists, podiatrists, psychologists, and acupuncturists) are burgeoning and all want their piece of the action.
SportsMedUpdate
Authors: Martin P Schwellnus
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

In an animal study, corticosteroid infiltration resulted in significant detrimental biomechanical effects 3 days after intratendinous injection. 1. Haraldsson BT, 2. Aagaard P, 3. Crafoord-Larsen D, 4. et al . Scand J Med Sci Sports 2009;19:621–6. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] ### Background Tendon injuries in athletes are often treated by administration of corticosteroid locally into the affected area of the tendon—however, the possible detrimental effects of this treatment on tendon are not known. ### Research question/s Does intratendinous injection of corticosteroids have any detrimental effect on the biomechanical properties of collagen fascicles in a tendon (animal model)? ### Methodology Animal material: Twenty-four Wistar male rats (∼250 g). Experimental procedure: The animals were randomly divided into a control group (CON=12, injected in the rat tail with 9% saline) and a corticosteroid group (CST=12, injected into four sites in the tail tendon with 50 mg (1 ml) methylprednisolone acetate). Rats were killed 3 days after injection, and single individual collagen fascicles were collected. Fascicles were assessed (diameter) and also underwent biomechanical testing to failure—yield strength, Young modulus, peak stress). Measures of outcome: Fascicle diameter, biomechanical variables. ### Main finding/s Fascicle diameter: There was no significant difference in fascicle diameter between the CON and CST groups. ### Conclusion/s In an animal study, corticosteroid infiltration resulted in significant detrimental biomechanical effects 3 days after intratendinous injection. Evidence-based rating: 7.5/10 Clinical interest rating: 8/10 Type of study: Controlled, clinical trial (animal study in laboratory) Methodological considerations: Well-conducted study, no longer-term follow-up, clinical application of findings to human tendons to be studied Keywords: Injury, tendon, … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DScandinavian%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Bmedicine%2B%2526%2Bscience%2Bin%2Bsports%26rft.stitle%253DScand%2BJ%2BMed%2BSci%2BSports%26rft.aulast%253DHaraldsson%26rft.auinit1%253DB.%2BT.%26rft.volume%253D19%26rft.issue%253D5%26rft.spage%253D621%26rft.epage%253D626%26rft.atitle%253DCorticosteroid%2Badministration%2Balters%2Bthe%2Bmechanical%2Bproperties%2Bof%2Bisolated%2Bcollagen%2Bfascicles%2Bin%2Brat-tail%2Btendon.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1111%252Fj.1600-0838.2008.00859.x%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F18980605%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00859.x&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=18980605&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbjsports%2F44%2F14%2F1068.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000270312000005&link_type=ISI
Lullaby
Authors: Colin Martin
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The Place, London, WC1H, until 13 March, then touring the UK until 2 June 2004 http://www.theplace.org.uk/ For tour venues and dates see http://www.jasminvardimon.com/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Hospitals have inspired Mills and Boon romances and television soap operas. Now modern dance steals the limelight with Jasmin Vardimon's Lullaby , in which five dancers including Vardimon take multiple roles in overlapping stories. Curtains are used to demarcate hospital waiting areas, examination cubicles, nursing stations, and bedrooms. One story relates Vardimon's father's death … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Fortschr Roentgenstr &amp;amp; Nuklearmed, Stuttgart
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NCCN Guidelines Update: Breast Cancer
Authors: William Gradishar, Kilian E. Salerno
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

The updates to management of early invasive breast cancer in 2016 are minor but have important treatment implications for patients. The NCCN Guidelines Panel for Breast Cancer has added endocrine therapy to its recommendations for the neoadjuvant treatment of patients with ER-rich tumors. For women who are premenopausal at diagnosis, the NCCN Guidelines suggest tamoxifen for 5 years, with or without ovarian suppression, or an aromatase inhibitor for 5 years combined with ovarian suppression or ablation. For HER2-positive patients, neoadjuvant pertuzumab is acceptable, and in advanced estrogen receptor–positive disease, palbociclib can be given with endocrine therapy. Hypofractionation is now the preferred approach for whole-breast irradiation after breast-conserving therapy. Regional nodal irradiation should be strongly considered for women with 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes and is indicated for those with 4 or more positive nodes.
The existence of publication bias and risk factors for its occurrence
Authors: K. Dickersin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Publication bias is the tendency on the parts of investigators, reviewers, and editors to submit or accept manuscripts for publication based on the direction or strength of the study findings. Much of what has been learned about publication bias comes from the social sciences, less from the field of medicine. In medicine, three studies have provided direct evidence for this bias. Prevention of publication bias is important both from the scientific perspective (complete dissemination of knowledge) and from the perspective of those who combine results from a number of similar studies (meta-analysis). If treatment decisions are based on the published literature, then the literature must include all available data that is of acceptable quality. Currently, obtaining information regarding all studies undertaken in a given field is difficult, even impossible. Registration of clinical trials, and perhaps other types of studies, is the direction in which the scientific community should move. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1385-1389)
Medical ethics
Authors: L. S. King
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Constantly we are called upon to choose between two or more courses of conduct. Some decisions we make simply from habit, others from desire or impulse or perhaps whim, still others from motives of prudence. However, some choices involve the quite special concepts that we call right and wrong, and decisions of this type, the situations that give rise to them, and the principles on which the choice is made, comprise the realm of ethics. We find great difficulty if we try to define right and wrong. To be sure, for some people the boundary is so sharp that it leaves no room for doubt, but for most of us the borders are fuzzy. The more we reflect the more uncertain we get, and any general rules seem to be shadowy and confused. The profession of medicine, dealing with health and disease, life and death, has its special ethical problems.
New Subscribers.
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MYXEDEMA.
Authors: CAMPBELL P. HOWARD
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>THYROID GLAND.</h3> The size of the gland may be difficult to determine owing to the associated fulness of the neck. In a very considerable number of cases, however, there is a distinct diminution in the size of the gland. In 61 patients of my series in whom the condition of the gland is noted it was atrophied or not palpable in 46 (75.4 per cent.), in 3 of whom it was previously hypertrophied. In the London series it was atrophied in 22 of 59 cases (37.3 per cent.); in 3 it was also previously enlarged. Hun and Prudden<sup>10</sup>found that the gland was diminished in size in 78 per cent, of their cases. In the London series there were 4 patients in whom there was definite hypertrophy at the time of the examination, which, with the 3 in each of the London and American series, in which there was
NIH Consensus Conference. Impotence. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transposition of Figures
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Treatment of Diseases of the Skin.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5346: Regulation of Cardiac Na <sup>+</sup> Current by Pyridine Nucleotides: A Possible Explanation of Glycerol-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-Linked Brugada Syndrome
Authors: Shamarendra Sanyal, Iman S Gurung, Arnold E Pfahnl, Lijuan L Shang, Shahriar Iravanian, Jon Allen, Man Liu, Andrew Grace, Barry London, Samuel C Dudley
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Recently, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1-like (GPD1-L) gene mutations have been shown to reduce cardiac Na + current and cause Brugada Syndrome (BrS). The glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) family of genes is involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD)-dependent energy metabolism, and GDP1-L has &gt;80% amino acid homology with GPD. Therefore, we tested whether mutations in GPD1-L could be acting through NAD (H) to alter Na + current. Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells stably expressing the human cardiac sodium channel (SCN5A) were used to assess the effects of wild-type (WT) and mutant (MT) GPD1-L on cellular NAD(H) and the effects of NAD(H) on Na + current. A mouse model of BrS was used to assess the effect of reduced NAD + on arrhythmic risk. MT GPD1-L raised cellular NADH level by 4.3 fold (p&lt;0.01) and reduced Na + current by 69.9% (p&lt;0.01). Extracellular NADH (300 μM) raised cellular NADH by 5.3 fold and decreased whole cell peak conductance by 71.4% (p&lt;0.001). Extracellular NAD + (300 μM) raised conductance by 30.3% (p&lt; 0.001). Fluorescent microscopy showed parallel changes in membrane-associated, GFP-tagged Na + channels. Intracellular application of NADH or NAD + resulted in an immediate change in Na + current of −55.5% (p &lt; 0.01) and +66.6% (p &lt; 0.01), respectively. External NAD + could prevent the reduction in Na + current caused by MT GPD1-L. Apocynin (100 μM), an NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor, or the reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), prevented the NADH-induced reduction in Na + current (p &lt; 0.01). Application of 100 μM NAD + to a mouse model of BrS reduced the programmed electrical stimulation induced ventricular tachycardia. GPD1-L mutations may cause BrS through alterations in cellular NAD(H), and NAD + might represent a novel treatment for BrS.
Vice versa
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2006)

It may seem perverse to support the banning of one vice while calling for the legalisation of another.But in both cases, the rationale has little to do with morals and everything to do with improving public health.The first vice, smoking in enclosed public places, is thankfully likely to become a thing of the past in England, when UK members of parliament take part in a free vote on a ban next month.Last year's proposed compromise-to allow smoking in pubs that don't serve food-was widely criticised as unworkable and likely to increase health inequalities (p 194).A total ban now looks inevitable, bringing the United Kingdom in line with Bhutan, Cuba, Ireland, Italy, Malta, New Zealand, Norway, and several states in the United States.For the remaining doubters, however, a paper in this week's journal may bring them round (p 227).It suggests that no effective technical solution currently exists for reducing the effects of environmental tobacco smoke in public places, and that the tobacco industry cannot be trusted to advise us on such matters.Newly released internal documents from British American Tobacco (BAT) show that, although BAT was successfully promoting air filtration systems as a means of combating cigarette smoke (and therefore as an alternative to a total ban on smoking in public places), company executives knew that the filters were ineffective.The other vice at issue is prostitution, or being paid for sex.Many countries have now decriminalised prostitution, but so far only the Netherlands has put prostitutes on the same legal footing as other workers.The UK government's new strategy, published last week, tends more to the Swedish model, which criminalises men who pay for sex.In Sweden this seems to have reduced street prostitution but possibly by driving prostitutes "underground" or forcing clients to look to other countries.The UK strategy allows more than one prostitute to work in the same place, which should improve safety for individual sex workers.However, it stops well short of allowing licensed premises.This is a mistake.As Petra Boynton and Linda Cusick point out in an editorial this week (p 190), properly licensed premises would mean that the worst aspects of the sex trade-child prostitution, trafficking, and slavery and the exploitation of vulnerable people-could be tackled.Licensing premises would encourage sex workers' access to health and social care.Juliet, a prostitute based in London, also writing in this week's journal (p 245), believes that the UK government has "failed enormously."She argues that neither having sex nor getting paid are inherently degrading, abusive, exploitative, or harmful.The problems, she says, are the associated coercion, drug dependency, and lack of choices, not prostitution itself.It is surely time for an end to the arguments of moral opprobrium and for some bolder steps towards legalisation if we are to improve public health and human rights.
THE PASSING OF THE CORONER.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal