tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The reconfiguration of US medicine
Authors: T. Bodenheimer
Journal: JAMA (1995)

When one of us opened a private medical practice in 1980, the world of medicine was a simpler place. We could send our patients to any specialist and could admit to any hospital we chose. We referred our patients for diagnostic tests and specialty consultations without asking permission. We were paid a fee for each service we provided. No hospital employee pressured us to discharge our patients, and no insurance company sent us computer printouts of the costs we incurred per patient per month. But underneath this freedom of action, a time bomb was ticking: the costs of medical care were relentlessly rising. In the same private practice of 1995, choice of specialists is determined by lists provided by various health maintenance organizations (HMOs). The HMOs tell us to which hospital their (not our) patients must be admitted. We obtain prior authorization before referring patients to specialists or for expensive
Doxorubicin, cardiac risk factors and cardiac toxicity in elderly patients with diffuse b-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: D. L. Hershman, A. Eisenberger, J. Wang, J. Jacobson, V. Grann, R. McBride, W. Tsai, A. Neugut
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9050 Background: Anthracyclines are known to cause acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. In a population-based sample of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we studied the cardiac effects of doxorubicin (DOX)-containing regimens and of pre-existing diabetes (DM), hypertension (HTN), and heart disease (HD). Methods: Patients aged =65 years diagnosed with DLBCL 1/1/1992–12/31/2000 in the SEER/Medicare database were grouped by treatment: no chemotherapy, doxorubicin-based chemotherapy, or other chemotherapy. We developed multivariable logistic regression models of the associations of DOX-based chemotherapy with demographic and clinical variables and pre-diagnosis DM, HTN, and HD. We then developed Cox proportional hazards regression models of the association between treatment and subsequent congestive heart failure (CHF) taking the predictors of treatment into account. Results: Of 6,413 patients with DLBCL, 2,536 (39%) received doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. DOX use was associated with later year of diagnosis, female gender, younger age, and being married. Black race (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.33–0.75), comorbidities, preexisting CHF, HD, and DM (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62–0.86) were associated with decreased DOX use. The post-treatment HR for CHF following DOX treatment vs. no chemotherapy was 1.39 (95% CI 1.15–1.67); CHF risk increased with duration of DOX use. It was also associated with increasing age, comorbidities, black race, DM, HTN, and HD. There was a significant interaction between race and DOX (P=0.01); For black patients treated with DOX the HR for CHF was 3.4, as compared to a HR of 1.3 for white patients. Conclusions: Among patients with DLBCL, black race, CRFs and pre-existing HD are all associated with both a reduced likelihood of receiving anthracyclines, and an increased risk of CHF. We have previously found a powerful effect of DOX on survival in this patient population; thus, for most patients, the benefits of treatment would appear to outweigh the risks of cardiac toxicity. However, as the number of long-term survivors grows, the need for research on the side effects of treatment, on host factors that may increase the risk of adverse effects, and on ways to minimize such risks will also grow. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Physician Reporting of Lyme Disease— Connecticut, 1991-1992
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
"PRONUNCIATION OF DUODENUM"
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstracts
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A comprehensive evaluation of family history and breast cancer risk. The Utah Population Database
Authors: M. L. Slattery
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of family history on the risk of developing breast cancer. <h3>Design.</h3> —A case-control study design was used. <h3>Setting.</h3> —To provide a comprehensive assessment of family history risk, we used the Utah Population Database, a linked database compiled of genealogy data of the descendants of Mormon pioneer families, cancer data from the Utah Cancer Registry, and mortality data from the Utah Department of Vital Statistics. <h3>Patients.</h3> —All women diagnosed with breast cancer who were in the genealogy database and the Utah Cancer Registry were included. Controls were women selected from the genealogy, who like cases had no record of previous cancer. They were matched to the cases by age and place of birth. <h3>Outcome.</h3> —Several definitions of family history were used. The total familial risk variable, developed to work effectively in the Utah Genealogy Database, accounts for all family members, their degree of relatedness to the case, and the amount of time they were observed for possible cancer diagnosis. <h3>Results.</h3> —A threefold increase in risk, estimated by the odds ratio (OR), of breast cancer among those with the highest family history score (6% of cases) was observed when compared with those with the lowest family history score. The OR for women with a first-degree relative with breast cancer was 2.45 (95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.84 to 3.06). If the nearest relative was a second-degree relative, the OR was 1.82 (95% Cl, 1.39 to 2.24); if the nearest relative was a third-degree relative, the OR was 1.35 (95% Cl, 1.07 to 1.64). A slightly greater risk was observed if the first-degree relative was a woman's mother (OR, 2.44; 95% Cl, 1.77 to 3.42) rather than a sister (OR, 2.01; 95% Cl, 1.66 to 2.43). Among subjects diagnosed before the age of 50 years, the disease experience of relatives prior to age 50 was most important, while for older subjects the experience of relatives of all ages was of roughly equal importance. Women who developed contralateral breast cancer within 3 years of initial diagnosis were nearly 10 times as likely as women without breast cancer to have a first-degree relative with breast cancer. Based on the risk estimates in this study, we have estimated that approximately 17% to 19% of breast cancer in the population could be attributed to family history. Women who had a first-degree relative with colon cancer had a 30% increased risk of breast cancer. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —In this study population, women with a family history of breast cancer, even if the nearest relative with breast cancer is a third-degree relative, are at increased risk of the disease. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1563-1568)
Update: Fatal and Severe Liver Injuries Associated With Rifampin and Pyrazinamide for Latent Tuberculosis Infection, and Revisions in American Thoracic Society/ CDC Recommendations—United States, 2001
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

During February 12-August 24, 2001, a total of 21 cases of liver injury associated with a 2-month rifampin-pyrazinamide (RIF-PZA) regimen for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was reported to CDC. These 21 cases are in addition to two previously reported RIF-PZA-associated cases. Cases of liver injury have occurred each year since 1999. CDC also received reports of 10 cases associated with other LTBI treatment regimens; however, risk for liver injury cannot be compared among treatment regimens in part because the number of patients treated for LTBI with each treatment regimen is unknown. This report provides preliminary information about the 21 cases associated with RIF-PZA and the revised recommendations on selecting appropriate LTBI therapy for patients and monitoring the use of RIF-PZA to treat LTBI. In most instances, the 9-month isoniazid (INH) regimen is preferred for the treatment of patients with LTBI. RIF-PZA may be used in selected cases and requires more intensive clinical and laboratory monitoring than previously recommended.
Tricyclic Overdose
Authors: Robert L. Bank
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Referring to the letter "Tricyclic Overdose" (1980;244:1900), three comments are in order. First, while "the cause of death is primarily cardiovascular, generally due to arrhythmias or hypotension," other serious sequelae of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose that are independent from cardiovascular effects must be recognized and managed. Aspiration pneumonia, anticholinergic delirium, convulsions, and disturbed temperature regulation are among those that may occur. Neither the QRS duration nor accurate TCA serum levels will guarantee absence of these complications. Second, just as there is wide variability in TCA serum level between persons with a constant oral TCA dose, so too is there variability in the myocardial TCA tissue level between persons with constant TCA serum levels.<sup>1</sup>It is this myocardial tissue TCA level that is reflected in the lengthened QRS duration and that leads to the potentially lethal cardiovascular complications. Thus, while serum levels and myocardial tissue levels will
Pillcam colon capsule is an effective tool in management of patients with suspected or known inflammatory bowel disease: preliminary results from a UK tertiary care centre
Authors: D. Majumdar, R. Sidhu, A. J. Lobo, M. E. McAlindon
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> PillCam Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is a relatively new technique for imaging the colon. Its role in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been fully explored. A recent European multicentre trial has shown that PillCam reactivated in the small bowel (SB) in about 98% of patients. Ileocolonic mucosal visualisation thus achieved by CCE may be a potential strategy in assessment of patients with known or suspected IBD. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients with proven or suspected IBD were included in the study. The CCE was performed as per standard protocol (with PEG and sodium phosphate as laxative agents). Patient demographics, clinical presentation and indication for CCE as well as nature and location of the findings, colonic transit time, complications and clinical implications of the findings, were analysed. Bowel cleanliness was described using a 4 point validated scale (1 – excellent, 2 – good, 3 – fair, 4 – poor). Data was expressed as median and IQR. <h3>Results</h3> 29 patients (86.2% females) with proven (n=10) or suspected IBD (n=19) underwent CCE between October 2007 and 2010. 41.4% of all patients had refused colonoscopy; 31% had a failed attempt while the rest were offered CCE as the initial imaging test. Median age was 44 (IQR 29–55.5) years. PillCam colon 1 and 2 were respectively used in 26 (89.7%) and 3 (11.3%) patients. CCE failed in 2 (6.9%) patients, all in the known IBD patients. Complete colonic mucosal visualisation was noted in 62.1% of all patients. 8 of patients with IBD had Crohn9s disease (CD) (n=4 Crohn9s colitis, n=3 both small (SB) and large bowel disease, n=1, only SB disease) while 2 had ulcerative colitis. 3 patients with CD had previously undergone surgery. The predominant indication was assessment of disease activity. In patients who had a successful test, mucosal visualisation enabled adequate assessment of disease activity in all (100%), thus guiding effective therapy. In suspected IBD patients, majority had diarrhoea (100%) and abdominal pain (63.2%). Pathology was detected in 63.2% of patients. SB Crohn9s was diagnosed in 4 (21.1%) patients while proctitis was noted in 1 (5.3%). Other significant findings included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication related injury (5.3%), colonic polyps (10.5%), angioectasia (21.1%) and diverticular disease (26.3%). Capsule transit times in the SB and colon were 71 (IQR 47–136) and 80 (IQR 48.5–216.5) min respectively; bowel cleanliness was 2 (IQR 2–3)). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In patients with proven or suspected IBD, CCE is an effective investigation modality. Its strengths lie in its minimally invasive nature coupled with its ability to assess disease activity thus guiding treatment strategies in most cases.
Haemophilus influenzae declining among young?
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<i>HAEMOPHIL US influenzae</i>type b disease in young children may be starting to decline in the United States. The newer conjugate vaccines may be a major factor. The picture probably will become more clear next spring. <h3>CDC Surveillance</h3> A surveillance project by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Ga, so far has identified 50 cases of invasive<i>H influenzae</i>type b disease among children younger than 5 years. By comparison, over the same period in 1989, there were 176 cases. The first conjugate vaccines were licensed by the Food and Drug Administration in 1987. But vaccines were not available for children younger than 15 months until 1990. The surveillance system covers the San Francisco, Calif, and Atlanta metropolitan areas, the entire state of Oklahoma, and four counties in Tennessee. Every laboratory in these areas is contacted at regular intervals and all<i>H influenzae</i>isolates obtained. About 10.4 million people
Risky Contact Lens Use
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3787: Reduced expression of INPP4B by promoter hypermethylation in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma
Authors: Yiwen Ma, Jichao Tan, Weihong Dai, Yu Zhang, Yu Zhang, Rongjin Lin, Yan Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is attracting increasing attention due to distinct molecular and clinical characteristics. However, its carcinogenesis still remains unclear. Previous studies demonstrated that aberrant DNA methylation is one of the pathogenic mechanisms of EBVaGC. Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B), as a component of PI3K/AKT pathway, is implicated in the regulation of crucial cellular processes and tumorigenesis. This study aims to reveal the correlation between INPP4B expression and EBV infection, as well as investigate the inactivation mechanism of INPP4B in EBVaGC. Methods: EBV status and INPP4B expression were examined in gastric carcinoma (GC) tissue microarray (301 cases) using EBV RNA probe and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The correlation of EBV status and INPP4B expression was analyzed in GC by Chi-Squared Test. The INPP4B promoter methylation was investigated in GC cell lines: SNU-719 (EBV positive), AGS (EBV negative) and SGC-7901 (EBV negative) with methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSPCR). After treatment with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine, the INPP4B promoter methylation and expression were detected using MSPCR, western blot, and qPCR. Results: INPP4B expression is decreased in 146 of 301 GC cases (48.5%). In 272 evaluable GC cases, EBV was present in 40 cases (14.71%). In addition, Lower expression of INPP4B is significantly correlated with EBV infection (p&amp;lt;0.05). There was a significantly decreased expression of INPP4B in EBV positive cell line (SNU-719) compared to EBV negative cell line (AGS and SGC-7901). Moreover, aberrant CpG island hypermethylation of INPP4B was found in SNU-719 rather than AGS and SGC-7901. After treatment with 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine, INPP4B protein and mRNA are dramatically up-regulated, while unmethylated DNA became detectable in SNU-719. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the reduction of INPP4B expression is commonly found in GC, particularly in EBVaGC. Promoter hypermethylation may be one of the mechanisms of INPP4B inactivation. Citation Format: Yiwen Ma, Jichao Tan, Weihong Dai, Yu Zhang, Yu Zhang, Rongjin Lin, Yan Xu. Reduced expression of INPP4B by promoter hypermethylation in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3787.
Development of CMV-SPECIFIC Immunity after Cord Blood Transplantation in Adults Depends on Reconstitution of Thymopoiesis and Regeneration of NAÏVE CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Julia Brown, Sean McDonough, Kristin Stevenson, Carol Reynolds, Haesook Kim, Edwin P Alyea, Joseph H. Antin, Eyal Attar, David Avigan, Corey S Cutler, Bimalangshu Dey, Vincent Ho, Robin Joyce, James D Levine, Steven L McAfee, Jacalyn Rosenblatt, Robert J. Soiffer, Thomas Spitzer, Dimitrios Tzachanis, Karen K Ballen, Jerome Ritz, Vassiliki Boussiotis
Journal: Blood (2008)
ROME
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Successful Treatment of Insulin-Resistant Diabetes Mellitus with Pork Insulin
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal