tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Joseph Warren
Authors: Charles H. Bradford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IT seems unfortunate that Joseph Warren is remembered so vaguely today, and that his associates are largely forgotten. Those who recall that Warren died heroically at the battle of Bunker Hill will perhaps fail to realize that he occupied, at the time, the position of the leading medical practitioner in Boston. Even fewer will appreciate the extent of his influence in the political field. Second only to Sam Adams, he organized, led and controlled the popular movement of resistance to British oppression. Together, they exercised such diplomacy, courage and skill that their efforts played a large part in precipitating the . . .
Correction
Journal: BMJ (1960)

time to do things for the individual patient is paid the most.As the Commission says, "We find it hard to believe that in medicine alone [in the context, general practice is understood] there is a complete lack of that selective ability which is exercised in practically all other occupations."Sir, by refusing to co-operate in working out a reasonable scheme for paying distinguished colleagues at a higher rate than the average, we should be conniving at making permanent a lowered status for G.P.s, both as compared with consultant practice and with other professions.I would beg those who would instinctively oppose any such scheme carefully to read pages 104-24 of the Royal Commission's report (preferably the entire document, which is planned as a whole) and to consider whether such a lower status would not be a worse evil than to risk small errors in selection, such as exist in every field of human exertion.Perhaps we should all declare our interest in this sort of dispute.Most doctors, of whom I am one, are convinced that they are good and efficient practitioners, often even that they are the only doctor who knows what is best for a particular patient.Let all of us distinguished ones, then, take our chance to be selected for just reward.The rest- what are they but canes in stabulis ?-I am, etc., Bushey, Herts.D. G. WILSON.SIR,-Before the profession accepts money from the Treasury (if indeed it is offered) for distribution as distinction awards to G.P.s, I would suggest that they should show their approval in no uncertain manner by postal vote.The difficulty of assessing distinction in this the most individual branch of medicine with its own special discipline would appear insuperable.
Psychiatric Employment Evaluations and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Authors: Liza Gold
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

This review was intended to familiarize psychiatrists with the implications of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 on the provision of third-party employment evaluations. Understanding the provisions of the act relative to third-party evaluations can assist psychiatrists in avoiding some of the conflicts that arise in performing such evaluations.
Perfluorochemical Emulsion Oxygen Transport Fluids: A Clinical Review
Authors: K. Tremper
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1985)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
Living wills
Authors: R. Astor
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

The data presented by Dr Fontaine and his colleagues (August 2003 JRSM 1 ) suggest that perforation of an enterocystoplasty is often associated with an overfilled bladder which, in turn, can be produced by poor compliance with a strict intermittent catheterization regimen.It would be interesting to know how many of the total patients involved had diminished pain sensibility in their bladders, and what proportion of these were in the perforation group.Even the most fastidious patients may let their catheterization routine slip and this is a particular temptation when delay in performing catheterization does not result in pain.It could be that such patients need an efficient 'pain substitute'. 2Perhaps urological surgeons should reconsider the plastic surgeon's technique (when repairing pressure ulcers) of using normally innervated autografts?Such a graft, using perhaps expanded skin, might one day be incorporated into reconstructed bladders that would otherwise have absent or diminished pain sensibility.I appreciate that this would not be an easy operation, and skin might not be the best tissue to use.
Central auditory imperception: a significant factor in congenital rubella deafness
Authors: M. D. Ames
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Central auditory imperception was found as the only cause for the failure of 30 of 118 children with congenital rubella to respond to sound. An additional 20 children were found to have central auditory imperception in association with peripheral hearing loss and blindness.<sup>1</sup>Since the presenting problem was failure to develop speech, central auditory imperception, peripheral hearing impairment, and mental retardation had to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Audiometry and psychological testing were used to separate these deficits. The type of education required varies with the diagnosis.
THE PROPORTION OF NIGHT LABORS.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Joint Reports 13th Meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC): Alternative Testing Methodologies and Conceptual Issues
Authors: Bas J. Blaauboer, Michael Balls, Martin Barratt, Silvia Casati, Sandra Coecke, Mostafa K. Mohamed, Jack Moore, David Rall, Kirk R. Smith, Raymond Tennant, B. A. Schwetz, William S. Stokes, Maged Younes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Substantial world-wide resources are being committed to develop improved toxicological testing methods that will contribute to better protection of human health and the environment.The development of new methods is intrinsically driven by new knowledge emanating from fundamental research in toxicology, carcinogenesis, molecular biology, biochemistry, computer sciences, and a host of other disciplines.Critical evaluations and strong scientific consensus are essential to facilitate adoption of alternative methods for use in the safety assessment of drugs, chemicals, and other environmental factors.Recommendations to hasten the development of new alternative methods included increasing emphasis on the development of mechanism-based methods, increasing fundamental toxicological research, increasing training on the use of alternative methods, integrating accepted alternative methods into toxicity assessment, internationally harmonizating chemical toxicity classification schemes, and increasing international cooperation to develop, validate, and gain acceptance of alternative methods.
METRITIS.
Authors: BYRON ROBINSON
Journal: JAMA (1897)

For many years I have been observing in the practice of gynecology, a peculiar disease of the uterus characterized by hypertrophy, atrophy or induration. In the chronic state the uterus is hard in consistence. Its walls are rigid and stiff. The disease may occur in a girl of 15 years, or in woman before or after the menopause. It is known as metritis,<i>i. e.</i>, an inflammation of the uterine muscularis. I shall attempt to bring forward some views on the disease by the aid of carefully drawn microscopic illustrations. In the illustrations I have attempted to show typical specimens of a quiescent uterus or one at rest, one specimen of a uterus in the first day of menstruation, and a specimen of about ten weeks' pregnancy, and two more sections cut at right angles to the utricular glands. The specimens should be studied comparatively to observe the vast yet
Homicide Among Young Black Males—United States, 1978-1987
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In 1987, homicide was the 12th leading cause of death in the United States and a leading cause of premature mortality (i.e., years of potential life lost before age 65). Homicide affects all age, race, and sex groups and is the leading cause of death for young black males (15-24 years of age). Both the 1990 and Year 2000 Health Objectives for the Nation target a reduction in the homicide rate among this population. This report uses mortality statistics from CDC's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) to characterize homicides among young black males for 1978-1987.
Parents and Sex Education. For Parents of Children Under School Age.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Elements of Physiology. For Students of Medicine and Advanced Biology.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ophthalmology
Authors: Perry S. Binder
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Previous annual ophthalmology reviews have elegantly described new advances in our field. In this review I have chosen to depart from previous reviews by describing where we are in 1991 and the horizons that we hope will be conquered in the near future. Glaucoma is a disease that affects nearly 2% of individuals over 40 years of age. In most cases, it is associated with higher than normal intraocular pressure (normal range, 10 to 22 mm Hg). Current evidence suggests that glaucoma affects the normal physiological function of the nerve fibers within the nerve. We have improved the detection of glaucoma through education programs to stimulate routine intraocular pressure measurement and through computerized visual field detection of early visual field defects. New β-blockers have been released for better pressure control. New forms of drug delivery, such as the development of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to replace systemic medications and their
PTU-130 Does Chronic Cough Provoke Increased Gastro-Esophageal Reflux?
Authors: J Jafari, L Mebarek, P Yerragorla, R M H Allen, D Sifrim
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chronic cough and GERD are very common and prevalent diseases. It is known that GERD is one of the three most common causes of chronic cough. During the last years, new methods have been introduced to study the temporal and causal association between reflux and cough. pH-impedance monitoring has been proposed as the most sensitive method for detection of acid and non acid reflux whereas either manometric or acoustic methods have been used for objective detection of cough. During these studies, a sequence of association of “reflux-cough” has been used to establish a positive diagnosis. The sequence cough-reflux has also been described but controversy still exist about its prevalence and clinical relevance. One potential factor for such controversy could be due to different methodology for cough detection. The <b>aim</b> of this study was to assess the contribution of cough to pathologic GER in patients with chronic cough and increased esophageal acid exposure. <h3>Methods</h3> Simultaneous 24h ambulatory reflux and cough monitoring was performed in 17 patients with suspected reflux-related chronic cough. Reflux episodes were detected by pH-impedance monitoring and coughs by a) manometric detection and b) acoustic detection (independent listening of complete 24hs sound recordings). Manometric cough detection was performed with a two-channel pressure catheter with sensors in the oesophagus and stomach. Cough was manually declared when simultaneous abdomino-thoracic pressure bursts occurred of at least 2 peaks within 3 seconds. Acoustic detection was performed using 3 sound surface sensors. Cough events were identified and inserted into the reflux tracing. We measured total esophageal acid exposure and bolus exposure (by impedance). We calculated the time of acid exposure and bolus exposure after manometrically and acoustic detected cough events. <h3>Results</h3> 6/17 patients had pathological esophageal acid exposure. In these patients the total number of reflux events/24hs was 38 (29–70). From that total number, 7.4% (0–25) reflux episodes occurred within 2 minutes after a cough episodes. Total acid exposure was 9.7% ± 4.7. From the acid exposure, 3.5% (0- 8)% occurred after cough detected by manometry or audio. The median total bolus exposure was 2.1 ± 0.6%. From total bolus exposure, 6.3% (0–20) occurred after manometric cough detection and 6.8% (0–50) after acoustic detected cough. Only 1/6 patients had a significant increase in acid and bolus exposure after cough. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In patients with chronic cough and pathological acid GER, cough was followed by reflux in a minority of cases regardless of the method for cough detection. In only 1/6 patients the sequence cough-reflux could be considered as causal of pathological GER. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
So goes it in America
Authors: J. R. Kunz
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In recent months, readers ofThe Journalhave been exposed to thought-provoking communications on the problems of rules and regulations. Two articles come immediately to mind and deserve succinct recapitulation. In a brief COMMENTARY, Aring<sup>1</sup>argues that rules restrain positive spontaneity and creativity while encouraging an adversarial social system. In a later SPECIAL COMMUNICATION, Landau<sup>2</sup>interprets the restrictive effects of the Food and Drug Administration's labeling regulations on estrogenic agents. Both pieces are worth rereading, for they outline some of the conceptual and actual hazards of relying on the "weak reed" of regulations. Rules and regulations do exist, however, and we cannot write them off as easily as they are being written into our<i>Federal Register</i>. They are being increasingly instituted, at least in part, because members of our society no longer exercise self-discipline; because the striving for the individual is taking precedence over the greater good; and
Abstract 431: Semi-automated detection, isolation and molecular analysis of single disseminated melanoma cells from lymph nodes
Authors: Barbara Alberter, Sebastian Scheitler, Giancarlo Feliciello, Alberto Ferrarini, Melanie Werner-Klein, Sebastian Haferkamp, Christoph A. Klein, Bernhard Polzer
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract We recently showed that lymph node disaggregation followed by immunocytology enables precise quantification of disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) and demonstrated that this approach has a 20-fold higher sensitivity to detect melanoma DCCs than routine histopathology (Ulmer et al., PLoS Medicine, 2014). Moreover, genetic profiling of single melanoma DCCs identified a colonization signature consisting of specific copy number alterations and point mutations that identify patients with high risk of progression (Werner-Klein et al., Nature Communications 2018). Here, we present the adaptation of this method to a semi-automated workflow for detection, isolation and molecular analysis of single melanoma DCCs. The developed workflow includes a mechanical disaggregation of lymph node tissue and collection of the mononuclear cells, immunofluorescence staining against melanoma-associated markers gp100 and MCSP and depletion of CD45-positive cells. Individual melanoma cells are then detected and isolated by DEPArrayTM technology enabling single cell whole genome amplification (Ampli1TM) for subsequent molecular analysis. In total, we processed 20 lymph nodes of melanoma patients and detected melanoma DCCs in 11/20 samples (55%). The quality of isolated cells was checked by Ampli1TM QC and 174 isolated single cells were further analyzed by Sanger sequencing for specific point mutations (BRAF, NRAS and cKIT) and Ampli1TM low pass kit for Illumina for copy number variation (CNV). Successful molecular analysis was correlated with genome integrity score (GII) as determined by Ampli1TM QC, with more than 95% of cells with GII 3-4 showing good performance in low pass sequencing. In conclusion, a new DepArrayTM based application for marker-dependent single cell isolation from malignant melanoma lymph nodes was successfully established and tested on a cohort of 20 melanoma patients. Molecular analyses of isolated single cells confirmed the tumor origin by CNV profiling and mutational analysis of melanoma-associated mutations. In the future, this approach could help to select individualized therapies for melanoma patients. Citation Format: Barbara Alberter, Sebastian Scheitler, Giancarlo Feliciello, Alberto Ferrarini, Melanie Werner-Klein, Sebastian Haferkamp, Christoph A. Klein, Bernhard Polzer. Semi-automated detection, isolation and molecular analysis of single disseminated melanoma cells from lymph nodes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 431.
Better conditions of service.
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MEDILJOURNALCommittee, which had considered the latest moves by the Minister of Health and the Management Side.The dispute is long-standing and complex.' 2 Local authority chief officers other than doctors are waiting for the decision of the Prices and Incomes Board on their claim.The Minister has offered to call both sides of Whitley Committee C together when this decision is known ; but the Staff Side has always stated that the pay of the other chief officers is irrelevant and that there is no need to wait for this ruling.Public health medical officers, it holds, should be paid as doctors and not as local government employees.The Management Side has suggested that the pay of junior public health doctors could be discussed on the basis of the Government's third White Paper3; but in the Public Health Committee the junior doctors themselves, the most poorly paid in the service, rejected the suggestion and supported the Committee's demand that the pay of all public health doctors should be considered at the same time in any negotiation.Once two sides in a dispute have taken up their positions statements and counterstatements in the case are apt in the eyes of the onlookers to assume the intricacies of a Victorian case in Chancery.But here the basic issue is clear.Public health doctors are underpaid, recruitment to the service is poor, and morale is low.Almost a year ago a just claim was submitted on their behalf in Whitley C, their own negotiating committee, and the Management Side has not yet replied to this claim.There is now general agreement that there must be an inquiry into the public health service, and that its structure and function must be reviewed in the light of changes in other fields of medicine.This will take time.But the immediate problems of the service must be settled urgently in order to keep it alive long enough for the inquiry to be made.It is to try to hasten a solution to these problems that sanctions have been introduced.If they fail there may well be nothing left to build on.
Multiple efforts directed at defining, eliminating excess radiation
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE FIRST MAJOR REPORT on the adverse health effects of ionizing radiation appeared inThe Journal62 years ago (<i>JAMA</i>1925;85:1769-1776). It was entitled "Some Unrecognized Dangers in the Use of and the Handling of Radioactive Substances." The "dangers" were severe illness and death. The report, written by Harrison S. Martland, MD, Philip Conlon, MD, and Joseph P. Knef, DDS, summarized a series of events that began with the use of roentgen rays and radioactive substances in medicine and industry at the turn of the century. It noted cases of radium-induced burns and dermatitis in chemists; mentioned reports of the deaths from aplastic anemia and cancer among radiologists; and identified osteomyelitis of the mandible as an occupation-related disorder among workers in luminous dial factories. The investigators also noted that expired air from dial painters with osteomyelitis and anemia was radioactive, as was bone, spleen, and liver tissue taken from a