tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Skin and Liver Diseases Induced in Flounder (Platichthys flesus) after Long-Term Exposure to Contaminated Sediments in Large-Scale Mesocosms
Authors: A. Dick Vethaak, Johan G. Jol, Andre Meijboom, Martin L. Eggens, Tristan ap Rheinallt, Peter W. Wester, Ton van de Zande, Andre Bergman, Norbert Dankers, Freek Ariese, Rob A. Baan, James M. Everts, Antoon Opperhuizen, Joop M. Marquenie
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Disease development in flounder (Platichthys flesus) was studied over a period of 3 years in three large mesocosms (40 m x 40 m x 3 m). Two of the mesocosms contained clean sand and the third, sharing a common water circulation with one of the clean-sand mesocosms, was stocked with contaminated dredged spoil. In this way, one of the clean-sand mesocosms was indirectly polluted via the water phase, and analysis of contaminant concentrations in sediments and flounder tissues showed that it had a status intermediate between the other two. Random samples of the flounder populations from the indirectly polluted and reference mesocosms were examined every 2 months for epidermal diseases (lymphocystis, skin ulcers, fin rot) and then released. In addition, every 6 months, random samples of fish from all three mesocosms were sacrificed for histological and chemical investigation. With regard to the development of epidermal disease, the results showed little difference between the reference mesocosm and the indirectly polluted mesocosm, with the exception that lymphocystis was significantly elevated in the indirectly polluted mesocosm. Although pollution may be a risk factor in the etiology of this disease, such a relationship would probably be obscured under field conditions due to variation arising from other factors. Histopathological analysis of the livers revealed in total four cases of hepatocellular adenoma (1.5% of sampled population) in fish from the polluted mesocosms, the first occurring after 2.5 years of exposure in fish from the indirectly polluted mesocosm. Furthermore, several other liver lesions, including foci of cellular alteration and hydropic vacuolated lesions, developed during the course of the experiment before tumor formation was apparent. Prevalences of these conditions were very much lower in the reference mesocosm than in the two polluted mesocosms. Densities of melanomacrophage centers in the liver showed a similar trend. The findings clearly indicate that long-term exposure to chemically contaminated dredged spoil can induce liver neoplasia and other liver lesions in flounder at contaminant levels comparable to those found in the natural environment.
JUSTIFIABLE SUMPTUARY LEGISLATION.
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In vitro platelet degranulation by contrast media: clinical relevance?
Authors: H Stormorken, K S Sakariassen
Journal: Circulation (1994)

More than 25 years ago, on September 9, 1967, Majno and colleagues reported their novel concept of "no reflow" following reperfusion of ischemic brain.'Since then, reperfusion injury of ischemic isolated organs or the entire organism has been recog- nized as an important problem in various fields of medicine, ranging from trauma, vascular surgery, and organ infarction to allograft transplantation.Within the past few decades, much research has been directed toward (1) understanding the respective contributions of ischemia and reperfusion-related events to the ultimate manifestations of tissue damage, (2) the underlying biochemical mechanisms, and (3) the impact of mediator systems and effector cells.A far- reaching consensus has been attained in many aspects of ischemia- reperfusion damage, including the impact of endothelial cell swelling, leukocyte adhesion via specific receptors, macromolecu- lar leakage, and the important mediator roles of oxygen free radicals (derived either from endothelial xanthine oxidase or leukocytic NADPH-oxidase), lipid mediators (leukotrienes, plate- let-activating factor, and related lipids), and numerous leukocyte- derived factors (elastase, hydrolytic enzymes, etc). 2-6 The literature is now filled with an abundance of promising experimental approaches to the attenuation of ischemia-reperfu- sion damage, such as antioxidants or radical scavengers, inhibitors of eicosanoid formation, hypertonic salt, antagonists of receptors for platelet-activating factor, leukocyte adhesion molecules, and so on.However, with the exception of organ preservation for trans- plantation,7 very few studies have been reported in which these approaches have actually been tried in the clinical setting.It is our firm belief that 25 years after the first description of the patho- physiological concept, the time is ripe for prospective randomized clinical trials, with a thorough evaluation of the potential benefit of these novel treatment regimens for the preservation of tissue viability and function in the face of ischemia-reperfusion.
Partial Vagotomy and Gastric Secretion in Dogs
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum
Journal: BMJ (1901)

tained.The Harrogate doctors have given the Nauheim baths and movements with marked success'fbr years.Judging from Ilhe result in patients treated at Hal rogate, I should thinik, if as you suggest the treat- ment was carried out under carefu'l medical supervision aiid the patient would devote long enougl to the cure, great good would ensue.In such a case the patient slhould not have the batlhs very often during the first week or two. INCONTINENCE OF URINE.DR. SEYMOUR TAYLOR (London, W.) writes: In roply to "Inquirer," who asked for suggestions as to treatment of this troublesomne comnplaint.I would suggest h'lis giving the little patient tincture of cantharides (m iv) three times a day, and to gradually increase the dose up to m viij or even m x.I presume that the usual causes of the incontinence, such as elongated prepuce, rectal para'sites, etc,, do not exist in his case.TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISM.DR. A. CORDES (Geneva) writes: '*' South Africa" (BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, iqor, i, p. 6I9) asks for a suggestion for a case of morphiiio- mania and alcoholism.I can tell him that I lhave had good results
Case 13-2009: A 54-Year-Old Woman with Respiratory Failure and a Cavitary Lesion in the Lung
Authors: Sameer Kassem, Sonal Bhandari, Pablo Rodríguez-Bada, Roja Motaghedi, Maayan Heyman, Adelaida García-Gimeno, Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier, Pascual Sanz, Noel Maclaren, Jacques Rahier, Benjamin Glaser, Antonio Luís Cuesta-Muñoz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

corrections any of the pancreases of the control subjects (Fig. 1F and1H), suggesting that increased intracellular glucose flux stimulates both proliferation and apoptosis pathways.Normal histologic findings in four previous cases of glucokinase-related hypoglycemia have been reported, but none of these patients underwent detailed quantitative morphometric analysis. 2-4In a previously reported case that included quantitative histologic analysis, a similar increase in the mean islet profile was confirmed (it was 2.5 times larger than that of control subjects and 8.0 to 10.0 times larger than that of patients with a K ATP -channel deficiency). 5In both that patient and our patient, the routine pathology report did not indicate any abnormality in islet size; this emphasizes the importance of quantitative morphometric analysis to determine islet size.Thus, histologic findings in infants with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia may differ according to the genetic cause of the condition.Furthermore, intracellular glucose flux appears to regulate proliferation and apoptosis in human beta cells; this is consistent with previous findings in murine models.Small-molecule activators of glucokinase are currently being developed for the clinical management of diabetes.Although observations in this young child with a congenital glucokinase mutation may not be directly applicable to adults with diabetes, the effect of these glucokinase activators on human beta-cell mass may be of interest.
Randomized, Phase II Dose Optimization Study Of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Modified T Cells Directed Against CD19 (CTL019) In Patients With Relapsed, Refractory CLL
Authors: David L. Porter, Michael Kalos, Noelle V. Frey, Stephan A Grupp, Alison W. Loren, Christina Jemision, Joan Gilmore, Holly McConville, James Capobianchi, Lester Lledo, Anne Chew, Angela Shen, Patricia A. Wood, Manuel Litchman, Zhaohui Zheng, Bruce L. Levine, Carl H. June
Journal: Blood (2013)
Multicancer hereditary syndrome testing: Genetic counselors’ perspectives.
Authors: Christine B. Weldon, Su-Ying Liang, Kathryn A. Phillips, Michael P. Douglas, Maren Theresa Scheuner, Allison W. Kurian, Kendra Schaa, Breanna Roscow, Deanna Erwin, Julia R. Trosman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2021)

106 Background: The accessibility of cancer hereditary syndrome testing has increased, and the cost has declined significantly in the past few years. We conducted a national, quantitative survey of genetic counselors (GCs) to assess their perspectives on what influences hereditary cancer genetic testing decisions and practices, with a focus on cost. This survey was funded by NIH, conducted by UCSF TRANSPERS, and supported by the National Society of Genetic Counselors(NSGC). Methods: The survey was developed through literature review, expert interviews, and a pilot. Sent to the NSGC Cancer Special Interest Group via email. Chi-square tests were used to examine variability. Results: The survey response rate was 56% (202/363). Multiple hereditary cancer syndrome tests are discussed often/always by 86% of genetic counselors (GCs).The existence of an institutional protocol on multiple hereditary cancer syndrome testing was reported by 35.4% of GCs. When asked about GC counseling encounters, GCs report insurance rarely/never pays for: 25.2% pre-test in-person,39.7% for pre-test tele-genetics, 35.4% post-test in-person, and 52.9% post-test tele-genetics. GCs rated clinical factors higher than cost as influencing decision for multiple hereditary syndrome cancer testing (table); the total cost of the test was least important. These patterns were similar across the GCs institution types and years in practice. Conclusions: We found consistent use of multiple hereditary cancer syndrome tests, with less focus on cost, out-of-pocket, and insurance coverage and more of a focus on clinical indicators. GCs reported challenges with reimbursement for GC counseling encounters. The shift toward more genetic counseling encounters via tele-genetics necessitates evaluation of insurance reimbursement.[Table: see text]
Atrial Tachycardia with Atrioventricular Block as Result of Digitalis Therapy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Vaccination Against Pandemic Influenza (H1N1) 2009
Authors: Nayer Khazeni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Background: Decisions on the timing and extent of vaccination against pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus are complex. Objective: To estimate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of pandemic influenza (H1N1) vaccination under different scenarios in October or November 2009. Design: Compartmental epidemic model in conjunction with a Markov model of disease progression. Data Sources: Literature and expert opinion. Target Population: Residents of a major U.S. metropolitan city with a population of 8.3 million. Time Horizon: Lifetime. Perspective: Societal. Interventions: Vaccination in mid-October or mid-November 2009. Outcome Measures: Infections and deaths averted, costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness. Results of Base-Case Analysis: Assuming each primary infection causes 1.5 secondary infections, vaccinating 40% of the population in October or November would be cost-saving. Vaccination in October would avert 2051 deaths, gain 69 679 QALYs, and save $469 million compared with no vaccination; vaccination in November would avert 1468 deaths, gain 49 422 QALYs, and save $302 million. Results of Sensitivity Analysis: Vaccination is even more cost-saving if longer incubation periods, lower rates of infectiousness, or increased implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions delay time to the peak of the pandemic. Vaccination saves fewer lives and is less cost-effective if the epidemic peaks earlier than mid-October. Limitations: The model assumed homogenous mixing of case-patients and contacts; heterogeneous mixing would result in faster initial spread, followed by slower spread. Additional costs and savings not included in the model would make vaccination more cost-saving. Conclusion: Earlier vaccination against pandemic (H1N1) 2009 prevents more deaths and is more cost-saving. Complete population coverage is not necessary to reduce the viral reproductive rate sufficiently to help shorten the pandemic. Primary Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Changing prescribing practices through individual continuing education
Authors: P. R. Manning
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In a study involving 94 practicing physicians, committees of clinical pharmacologists analyzed copies of prescriptions (and additional relevant clinical data) to identify problems in prescribing ("educational needs"). Only the ten most commonly prescribed drugs were studied in the samples of 200 prescriptions from each physician; 1061 problems were identified in the prescriptions of the 94 participants. One physician group (n=41) received feedback (instructional packets) addressing specific problems in prescribing; a second sample consisting of 200 prescriptions was then collected and analyzed. The physicians in this group changed their prescribing practices 30% of the time in accordance with recommendations, whereas those in the group that received no educational feedback changed in only 3% of the cases. When a physician stated an intention to change, an actual change resulted 50% of the time. Individualized teaching in response to real events in practice is a practical and effective method of improving physician performance. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:230-232)
Fact or Fiction?
Authors: David S. Pisetsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 June 1996Fact or Fiction?David S. Pisetsky, MD, PhDDavid S. Pisetsky, MD, PhDDuke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-11-199606010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:After the publication of my short story “The Breakthrough,” I received several inquires about its relation to events in my own career. I wish to make clear that the piece was fictional and should in no way reflect on the public relations departments at the two institutions with which I am affiliated. The persons in these departments are first-rate and adhere to the highest standards in their presentation of information on science and medicine to the public. My experiences with our own public relations departments have been entirely favorable, and I have been proud of their work. I ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David S. Pisetsky, MD, PhDAffiliations: Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27710 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1996Volume 124, Issue 11Page: 1017KeywordsEmotions ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 June 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
ERRATUM
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Fig 1. (A) Patients with sporadically occurring malignant peripheral-nerve sheath tumor (MPNSTs), and those predisposed because of neurofibromatosis type I, were included in the study.(B) Genomic profiling.Thirty-eight MPNSTs were initially analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization 24 (unpublished data), and increased copy numbers of chromosome arm 17q, distal to the NF1 gene, was seen in 63%.(C) Transcriptional profiling of 636 transcripts on chromosome 17 in MPNST identified several overexpressed genes, and the topoisomerase-II␣ (TOP2A) transcript had the highest average and median overexpression.The intensity of red indicates the expression in the MPNSTs, relative to a pool of three benign neurofibromas.(D) DNA copy number.Fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses of TOP2A (red) along with the centromere on chromosome 17 (green), demonstrated the gene to be amplified on the DNA level in 10 of 16 MPNSTs.(E) Protein expression.In situ analysis of TOP2A protein expression on a tissue microarray revealed positive immunostaining in 83% of the MPNSTs.(F) Survival analysis.A Kaplan-Meier survival plot showed a trend toward association between TOP2A protein expression and poor survival.Due to TOP2A's role as chemotherapeutic target, it is tempting to speculate whether TOP2A expression is a predictor for chemotherapy response and outcome in MPNST.
Multiple hepatitis attacks in drug addicts
Authors: G. Norkrans
Journal: JAMA (1980)

. Radioimmunoassays for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), and anti-HAV of IgM class were used to verify hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection in 33 drug addicts with multiple attacks of hepatitis. Hepatitis A was confirmed serologically in 23 (32%) of 71 total hepatitis episodes, while hepatitis B was confirmed in 30 episodes (42%). The remaining 18 hepatitis episodes (25%) were, by serological exclusion, also of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infection, classified as hepatitis non-A, non-B. However, while as many as 13 (39%) of the 33 primary attacks of hepatitis were of the type non-A, non-B, this type was never observed as a third attack. In no case were two attacks of hepatitis A or hepatitis B demonstrated in the same individual, but two different episodes of hepatitis non-A, non-B were observed in one patient. The maximal serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin were significantly lower in patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B as compared with those with hepatitis B. Development of chronic liver disease occurred in only two (7%) of the 28 addicts who continued to be followed up. (<i>JAMA</i>243:1056-1058, 1980)
Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Stanley S. Franklin, John P. Merrill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE general topic of acute renal failure has continued to attract interest and stimulate investigation. This is, in part, a reflection of the many clinical entities that can result in an acute renal debacle and an incomplete understanding of their role in the production of the renal lesion. The primary purpose of this review is an assimilation of a divergent literature on acute renal failure, covering such fields as physiology, general medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics and military medicine. Earlier reviews dealing with various aspects of acute renal failure may be found elsewhere.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DiagnosisThe term "acute renal failure" has been . . .