tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Women's health initiative leads way as research begins to fill gender gaps
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ATTEMPTS to redress inattention to women as subjects of medical research are shifting into high gear. The federal government is putting money where its public statements have been, initiating the largest community-based clinical intervention and prevention trial ever conducted. It is called the Women's Health Initiative. The trial is a $500 million, 10-year study of diet, dietary supplements, exercise, hormone therapy, and smoking cessation as prevention for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and osteoporosis in as many as 140 000 postmenopausal women. It will involve five of the National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) 12 institutes in Bethesda, Md. <h3>One of Several</h3> Several other federal government initiatives are outlined in this issue by James O. Mason, MD, DrPH, assistant secretary for health in the US Department of Health and Human Services and head of the US Public Health Service. (See page 482.) Other efforts also are under way to identify priorities, tackle tough
Cholesterol embolization syndrome. Occurrence after intravenous streptokinase therapy for myocardial infarction
Authors: M. W. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Two patients developed the cholesterol embolization syndrome after coronary angiography and intravenous streptokinase therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Clinical manifestations included cyanosis, ulcers, gangrene of the hands and feet, myalgias, intestinal infarction, eosinophilia, and renal failure. One patient died; one has survived with chronic renal failure. Streptokinase therapy may expose atheromatous plaques to the circulation by lysing platelet-fibrin thrombi. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:1934-1935)
Abstract 3384: Genome-wide epigenetic and transcriptional comparison of CD8 T cell functional states between mouse models of cancer and chronic viral infection
Authors: Yuri Pritykin, Christina Leslie
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Recent studies in mouse models of cancer and chronic viral infection applied genomic assays to profile various states of impaired T cell function and demonstrated that T cell dysfunction is epigenetically imprinted. However, comprehensive characterization of T cell dysfunction across models based on their epigenetic and transcriptional profiles is lacking. We reanalyzed a large collection of recently published chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) and gene expression (RNA-seq) data sets. After batch effect correction, we observed that epigenetic profiles of dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating T cells and exhausted T cells in chronic viral infection were surprisingly extremely similar. Furthermore, we observed that temporal progression towards dysfunction in chronic infection resembles that in tumorigenesis, and found that T cells committed to becoming dysfunctional early after activation. Motif analysis using generalized linear modeling allowed us to find candidate transcription factors associated with development of dysfunction in both immune settings. This analysis provides a better systematic understanding of cell-intrinsic mechanisms driving different functional states of CD8 T cells and demonstrates the power of systems biology approaches in cancer immunology. Citation Format: Yuri Pritykin, Christina Leslie. Genome-wide epigenetic and transcriptional comparison of CD8 T cell functional states between mouse models of cancer and chronic viral infection [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3384.
Alcohol
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
APPLE News
Journal: Liver Cancer (2020)

AimsPrimary liver cancer is an extremely malignant disease, and 80% of patients are found in Asian countries.The APPLE Meetings have been initiated to provide a platform for regional and international experts to exchange information on the latest advancements in primary liver cancer treatment.The meetings are aimed at bridging gaps in the basic science and clinical aspects of liver cancer among specialists, with the ultimate aim of disseminating the results of laboratory research and clinical trials in liver cancer among professionals. Histor yThe APPLE Meetings take place annually and have been hosted on rotation by the Korean Liver Cancer Study Group, the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, and the Chinese Liver Cancer Study Group.The 1st meeting of the group took place in Incheon in 2010, the 2nd in Osaka in 2011, the 3rd in Shanghai in 2012, and the 4th in Busan in 2013.In 2014, APPLE changed its policy and decided to expand its congress venues from three countries to include all Asian countries, and the 5th APPLE Meeting was held in Taipei in 2014.The 6th APPLE Meeting was held in Osaka in 2015, the 7th in Hong Kong in 2016, the 8th in Singapore in 2017, the 9th in Seoul in 2018, and the 10th in Sapporo in 2019. The Postp onement of APPLE 2020
JAAD Case Reports Article List
Authors: Renee Domozych, Esther Kim, Sarah Hart, Jeffrey Greenwald, Allison Weinkle, Nishit Patel, Rebecca Kissel, Lucia Seminario, Vidal Koenen, Beau Dicicco, Weilan Johnson, James Allred, Anthony Soldano, William Ramsdell, David Moreno-Ramirez, Tom As Toledo-Pastrana, Juan Rios-Martin, Lara Ferr, Tatyana Petukhova, Emanual Maverakis, Baran Ho, Victoria Sharon, Keratoacanthoma Centrifugum Marginatum, Nicole Dominiak, Ben Hayes, Julie Swick, Brian Leach, John Maize, Jonathan Sr, Kaposi Ralston, Johanna Huguen, Sylvie Fraitag, Laurent Misery, Claire Abasq-Thomas, Brett Barlow, Ryan Marshall, John David Wofford, Andre Kydd, Drumil Patel, Jamie Schwarz, Doris Joseph, George Mitchell, Suravi Thomas, John Strasswimmer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
A Search for a Threshold in the Relationship of Air Pollution to Mortality: A Reanalysis of Data on London Winters
Authors: Bart Ostro
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The relationship between air pollution and increased risk of mortality has been explored previously using data on 14 winters in London. The results of these analyses have been used to determine a no-observable-effects level. This reanalysis of the data finds no evidence to support the existence of a no-effects level. Further, the reanalysis suggests that the estimated pollution-mortality relationship exists even in nonepisodic winters, when British Smoke readings were less than 500 micrograms/m3.
Duane's Medical Dictionary
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 133: The role of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the adaptation of breast cancer cells in high Ca2+ microenvironments
Authors: Heather K. Beasley, Ky'Era V. Actkins, Sarrah E. Widatalla, Diva S. Whalen, Stephen D. Williams, Olga Y. Korolkova, Amos M. Sakwe
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Cancer-induced hypercalcemia (CIH) is common in cancer patients with metastatic disease and in up to 30% of cases without metastasis. During malignancy, tumor cells secrete factors such as parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) that causes the destruction of bone tissue, or osteolysis. The resulting persistent osteolysis leads to a progressive increase in systemic calcium or CIH. High circulating Ca2+ is sensed by the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), which plays a significant role in maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis, and also stimulates the secretion of PTHrP which promotes tumor cell proliferation and motility. Moreover, more than 200 mutations including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CaSR gene have been described, including the inactivating A986S CaSR at rs1801725 and Q1011E CaSR at rs1801726 SNPs with reduced sensitivity to Ca2+ . Although the CaSR is the major cell surface Ca2+ sensor in most cell types, its function in the Ca2+ rich bone microenvironment remains unclear. We show that high Ca2+ adaptation of MDA-MB-231 cells, did not lead to altered expression of the receptor in the surviving cells. However, the receptor was desensitized to high Ca2+ and the cells were more motile and formed larger colonies in 3D cultures. Meanwhile, gene expression profiling of triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) cells transiently exposed to high Ca2+ reveals the expression of early response genes and Ca2+ -inducible genes with known functions in tumor growth and/or motility. Since breast cancer (BC) frequently metastasizes to skeletal tissues, these data suggest that BC cells that successfully colonize the bone microenvironment undergo high Ca2+ adaptation or priming via the expression of high Ca2+ inducible genes that facilitate cell growth and/or motility. Citation Format: Heather K. Beasley, Ky'Era V. Actkins, Sarrah E. Widatalla, Diva S. Whalen, Stephen D. Williams, Olga Y. Korolkova, Amos M. Sakwe. The role of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the adaptation of breast cancer cells in high Ca2+ microenvironments [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 133.
Neighborhood Safety and the Prevalence of Physical Inactivity-- Selected States, 1996
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for premature morbidity and mortality, especially among high-risk populations. Although health-promotion programs have targeted high-risk groups (i.e., older adults, women, and racial/ethnic minorities), barriers exist that may affect their physical activity level. Identifying and reducing specific barriers (e.g., lack of knowledge of the health benefits of physical activity, limited access to facilities, low self-efficacy, and environmental issues [2-6]) are important for efforts designed to increase physical activity. Concerns about neighborhood safety may be a barrier to physical activity. To characterize the association between neighborhood safety and physical inactivity, CDC analyzed data from the 1996 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in Maryland, Montana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. This report summarizes the results of this analysis, which indicate that persons who perceived their neighborhood to be unsafe were more likely to be physically inactive.
Systolic Murmurs
Authors: AUBREY LEATHAM
Journal: Circulation (1958)

The graphic registration of heart sounds and murmurs (phonocardiography) has greatly facilitated analysis of their pattern, timing, and relation to hemodynamics. Many of the principles and facts so established are being applied to auscultation with great benefit to that art. Systolic murmurs fall into 2 main groups, ejection murmurs and regurgitant murmurs, according to their shape and relation to the heart sounds. Ejection systolic murmurs are separated from the first heart sound by the isometric contraction time; they are crescendo-diminuendo in pattern (diamond shaped) and finish appreciably before the second heart sound. They are due to ejection of blood from the left or right ventricle into the aorta or pulmonary artery when there is stenosis of the appropriate valve or outflow tract, valve disease without stenosis, or—without valve disease-increased forward stroke flow or dilatation of the aorta or pulmonary artery. Small ejection vibrations can be recorded in normal subjects and their physiologic accentuation is probably responsible for most systolic murmurs that prove to be innocent. Regurgitant systolic murmurs are pansystolic for they start with the first heart sound and finish with the second; the volume of sound emitted is relatively constant throughout systole or increased in late systole. They are caused by backflow of blood through the mitral or tricuspid valve or by a left-to-right shunt of high velocity through a ventricular septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus.
THE PREVALENCE OF GONORRHEAL INFECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Retraction of: Cilostazol inhibits cytokine-induced nuclear factor-κB activation via AMP-activated protein kinase activation in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Yoshiyuki Hattori, Kunihiro Suzuki, Atsuko Tomizawa, Noriko Hirama, Toshie Okayasu, Sachiko Hattori, Hiroko Satoh, Kazumi Akimoto, Kikuo Kasai
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)
Brahma, Parkman and Webster. Murder in medical Boston
Authors: O. T. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In the late 1840s, the Western world was torn by cataclysmic events which have influenced all subsequent history. But there was one enclave of peace—Boston and its satellites, Cambridge and Concord. The population of Boston itself was 130,000. There were 100,000 natives, principally of English descent, and 30,000 newly arrived immigrants from Ireland. The special character of Boston derived from its domination by the Brahmins, an upper class descended from original settlers of Massachusetts, who had been people of good education dedicated to cultural pursuits. The control of the city was thus in the hands of a relatively small group whose members combined integrity with intellectual attainments. They also had wealth. To be a Brahmin, both money and intellect were essential; there was also a certain smugness. When and how the upper class of Boston acquired the name<i>Brahmin</i>is not known for certain. One possibility is that it comes
Abstract 471: Systemic Chymase Inhibition Directs Atherosclerotic Plaques Towards a Stable Phenotype in ApoE Deficient Mice
Authors: Ilze Bot, Sandra H van Heiningen, Jurgen Fingerle, Hans Hilpert, Theo van Berkel, Erik A Biessen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Activated mast cells have been identified at the site of rupture in human coronary artery plaques and appear to contribute considerably to plaque progression and stability. We and others have previously demonstrated that the mast cell constituents chymase and tryptase promote apoptosis of plaque cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether inhibition of mast cell chymase by a specific chymase inhibitor indeed has a beneficial effect on plaque stability. Preincubation of 48/80 activated MC/9 murine mast cells or freshly isolated peritoneal mast cells with chymase inhibitor RO5010226 – 000 – 004 (RO501; 1 μM) inhibited mast cell activation, as illustrated by a decreased β-hexosaminidase activity in the releasate (−41% compared to control MC/9 cells, *P=0.04, and −80% compared to control peritoneal mast cells, *P=0.02) as well as chymase release and activity (−71% and −65%, *P=0.04, respectively). Next, we addressed whether chymase inhibition also was effective in vivo. Atherosclerotic carotid artery lesions were induced in ApoE −/− mice by perivascular collar placement; during lesion development mast cells were activated by a DNP challenge once weekly for 4 weeks. Concomitantly, a subset of mice received the chymase inhibitor (50 mg/kg/day, n=14) as diet supplement, leading to continuous serum concentrations of ~2 μM or control diet (n=12). After 6 weeks, the advanced plaques were analyzed for size and stability. While plaque size did not differ, collagen content of the lesions was 2-fold enhanced in mice treated with the chymase inhibitor compared to controls (RO501: 1.4 ± 0.5% versus controls: 0.7 ± 0.2%). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in necrotic core size of the plaques (RO501: 52 ± 3% versus controls: 41 ± 4%, *P=0.04) as well as by an increased plaque cellularity (RO501: 2.6 ± 0.1*10 3 versus controls: 2.3 ± 0.1*10 3 cells/mm 2 tissue). In agreement with these data we did observe increased peritoneal leukocyte numbers in the RO501 treated mice (RO501: 4.2 ± 1.1*10 6 cells versus 2.2 ± 0.3*10 6 cells in controls, *P=0.04). In conclusion, our data suggest that chymase inhibition indeed results in enhanced plaque stability, identifying chymase inhibition as a new therapeutic approach in the prevention of acute coronary syndromes.
CORRECTION.
Authors: H. Culbertson
Journal: JAMA (1883)

N. S. Davis, M.D., LL.D., Editor, <h3>My Dear Sir:</h3> Please make the following corrections in my eye article inJournal American Medical Association, No. —, Sept. 8, 1883: Page 258, second column, third line from bottom of page, read 20 100; page 258, fourth line, read 13 100 and 50 100; in second column, same page, eleventh line, read 50 100. Zanesville, Ohio.
A Report of Three HIV-Infected Patients Who Became Acutely Ill after Stopping Their Anti-HIV Treatment
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients19 September 2000A Report of Three HIV-Infected Patients Who Became Acutely Ill after Stopping Their Anti-HIV TreatmentSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-6-200009190-00005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Antiretroviral (anti-HIV) therapy consists of combinations of drugs that slow the growth of the virus. Two laboratory tests, CD4 count and viral load, help to monitor patients' response to anti-HIV treatment. The CD4 count is a measure of immune cells; high counts are better than low ones. The viral load reflects the amount of the virus's genetic material in a person's blood; the lower the viral load, the better. It is well known that the virus starts multiplying rapidly throughout the body when an HIV-infected person stops anti-HIV ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Retroviral Rebound Syndrome after Cessation of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy in Three Patients with Chronic HIV Infection.” It is in the 19 September issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 133, pages 430-434). The authors are R Colven, RD Harrington, DH Spach, CJ Cohen, and TM Hooton.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoRetroviral Rebound Syndrome after Cessation of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy in Three Patients with Chronic HIV Infection Roy Colven , Robert D. Harrington , David H. Spach , Calvin J. Cohen , and Thomas M. Hooton Metrics 19 September 2000Volume 133, Issue 6Page: I-37KeywordsAntiretroviral therapyBloodCellsHIV infectionsPainPatientsRashesRespiratory systemRespiratory system proceduresViral load ePublished: 19 September 2000 Issue Published: 19 September 2000 CopyrightCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Improving antibiotic prescribing in office practice. A controlled trial of three educational methods
Authors: W. Schaffner
Journal: JAMA (1983)

We conducted a statewide controlled trial of three methods to improve antibiotic prescribing in office practice: a mailed brochure, a drug educator visit, and a physician visit. Educational topics were three antibiotics contraindicated for office practice and oral cephalosporins. Medicaid prescribing data were used to select doctors who needed education. The effect of the methods was evaluated by comparing the change in prescribing (the year before the intervention v the year after the intervention) for the doctors receiving education with the prescribing of comparable doctors chosen as controls. The mailed brochure had no detectable effect, and the drug educator had only a modest effect. The physician visits produced strong attributable reductions in prescribing of both drug classes. For the contraindicated antibiotics, the reductions were 18% in number of doctors prescribing, 44% in number of patients per doctor receiving these drugs, and 54% in number of prescriptions written per doctor. For the oral cephalosporins, both number of patients and number of prescriptions per doctor were reduced by 21%. Doctors responded equally well to recommendations designed to improve the quality of care and to reduce the cost of care. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:1728-1732)
Negative Regulation of Platelet Function by a Secreted Cell Repulsive Protein, Semaphorin 3A.
Authors: Hirokazu Kashiwagi, Masamichi Shiraga, Hisashi Kato, Tsuyoshi Kamae, Naoko Yamamoto, Seiji Tadokoro, Yoshiyuki Kurata, Yoshiaki Tomiyama, Yuzuru Kanakura
Journal: Blood (2004)