tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cotton Dust Concentrations and Particle Size Distributions Associated with Genotypes
Authors: Calvin B. Parnell, George A. Niles, Ross D. Rutherford
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The problem of byssinosis has plagued cotton textile mills for hundreds of years, and it is still a problem today. With the regulations on airborne raw cotton dust set by OSHA and the ACGIH, research regarding the measurement of cotton dust in lint fiber is a necessity. A procedure known as the mass concentration particle size distribution (MCPSD) technique, developed at Texas A&M University, was used to measure the characteristics of cotton dust as affected by harvesting method and genotype. Cotton genotypes from three harvest seasons were analyzed by using a Coulter Counter, Model TAII, to obtain the mass concentrations and particle size distributions of dust present in the lint fiber. The genotypes were subjected to both hand harvesting and conventional spindle harvesting for comparison purposes. Results from the dust concentration analyses of particles less than 100 micron, 16 micron, and 8 micron in diameter, respectively, are presented. Also, a proposed procedure to obtain large quantities of "cotton dust" from gin trash material is discussed.
Parallel 15: Steatohepatitis: Experimental
Authors: Ricardo Macías-Rodríguez, Aldo Torre, Hermes Ilarraza-Lomelí, Astrid Ruiz-Margáin, Khalidur Rahman, Natalie Thorn, Pradeep Kumar, Asma Nus- Rat, Charles Parkos, Frank Anania, Asma Nusrat, Yasuhiro Miyamoto, Amy Mauer, Harmeet Malhi, ; Gastroenter
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

247Avariceal bleeding observed during the study.Conclusion: This is the first study showing that a14-week supervised PEP is a safe intervention, and in contrast to what has been described after an acute bout of exercise, it does not increase the HPVG in cirrhotic patients.Moreover, the PEP did not affect ammonia levels or precipitated episodes of hepatic encephalopathy.
Note from the editors: The 2012 impact factors
Authors: Collective Eurosurveillance editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Preview this article: Note from the editors: The 2012 impact factors, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/18/26/art20515-en-1.gif
An Address Delivered at the Opening of the Section of Public Medicine
Authors: A. Ransome
Journal: BMJ (1881)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> Cardiac dysfunction during bronchiolitis has been reported but few studies have assessed right ventricular function (RVF). The aim of this study was to assess RVF in infants with severe bronchiolitis with different respiratory support. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study of under 3-month-old infants admitted to the PICU for severe bronchiolitis. Patients were classified in 3 groups according to the respiratory support: CPAP, bilevel positive airway pressure (BLPAP) and mechanical ventilation (MV). If the respiratory support was changed, echocardiography was repeated. Morphology and systolic and diastolic function were evaluated by echocardiography including Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). <h3>Results</h3> 30 echocardiographies were performed: 9 in infants with CPAP (4–8 cmH<sub>2</sub>O), 10 in BLPAP (13–16 cmH<sub>2</sub>O/6–8 cmH<sub>2</sub>O) and 10 in MV (PEEP 5–9 cmH<sub>2</sub>O and MAP 9–17 cmH<sub>2</sub>O). There was no difference in age or weight between the groups. The most relevant results are shown in Table 1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> As respiratory support increases, decreased systolic and diastolic RVF is observed by TDI in infants with severe bronchiolitis.
Tests of ovarian function
Authors: J. Plotz
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The ovary has two principal functions: (1) the production of ova, and (2) the secretion of sex hormones. Both functions are intimately interrelated and directed toward successful fertilization, migration of the fertilized ovum to the uterus, implantation of the blastocyst in the endometrium, and early development of the embryo. Disturbances of these functions are clinically reflected in menstrual disorders and infertility. The clinical evaluation of ovarian function is based on the cyclic phenomena elicited by the ovarian hormones on target organs and the direct measurements of these hormones or their metabolites or both in body fluids. This is also true for the diagnosis and detection of ovulation in sterile patients and in women practicing the rhythm method of birth control. In the opinion of some authors the recovery of the ovum in the genital tract or the establishment of pregnancy is the only valid and certain method of diagnosing ovulation.
Leydig cells: endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine regulation
Authors: J. M. Saez
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1994)

THAT the testes are related to the sexual characteristics of the individual and have reproductive power was observed at an early time in history. One of the earliest descriptions of this relationship in men and in animals was made by Aristotle, three centuries before Christ. He described how the castration of immature male birds prevented the development of sexual characteristics, such as the coloring of the crest and the attraction to females. He linked these changes in the bird to those observed in castrated boys who experienced the persistence of a high-pitched voice of childhood into adulthood and the lack of sexual hair development. The first convincing evidence of the role of the testis in the maintenance of male sexual characteristics was given in the middle of the nineteenth century by Berthold (1) who showed that atrophy of the cock's comb observed after castration was prevented by implantation of the testis into the abdominal cavity.
Correction to Number in Abstract
Authors: Katherine Rediger, D Miles, Seth Berkowitz, Jean Terranova, John Hsu, Cecil Sheps
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

In Reply We appreciate the thoughtful letter from Rediger and Miles regarding our study 1 and offer a few additional points.Given the importance of nutrition for health, we share the view that a broad range of nutrition options should be available to patients.In our view, medically tailored meal programs are one important tool that we hope becomes more widely available.Improving our knowledge regarding interventions to address food insecurity is an ongoing process, but we believe that implementation of existing interventions can cooccur with the further expansion of this evidence base.For example, Community Servings, in partnership with the Center for Health Law and Policy Innovation at Harvard Law School, is leading the development of a Food is Medicine State Plan in Massachusetts. 2 The goal of this plan is to not only address the nutritional needs of individuals through the health care system, but also to foster education, advocacy, and systems change regarding nutrition needs.An opportunity to help put this plan into action is coming in January 2020, when the Massachusetts Medicaid system will introduce financing mechanisms that allow for a broad array of beneficiary nutrition services, including medically tailored meals in appropriate circumstances.Nationwide, a major opportunity for similar work is that Medicare Advantage plans now have the ability to cover nutritional services via changes enacted in the Creating High-Quality Results and Outcomes Necessary to Improve Chronic Care Act. 3lthough meeting individual-level health-related social needs, such as food and nutrition, is a vital component of care, we also think it is important to view unmet health-related social needs as the end result of many social and environmental factors that affect health.Addressing these social determinants of health goes beyond clinical programs for individuals and requires collaboration among health care systems, public health systems, government, human services organizations, local communities, and families.Ultimately, we think it is critical not only to provide the appropriate services for those in need, but also to understand, and address, why health-related social needs arise.
CAROTINOID PIGMENTATION OF THE SKIN RESULTING FROM A VEGETARIAN DIET
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nobel laureates call for speaking out on need for animals in research
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The utility of overnight urine collections in assessing compliance with a low sodium intake diet
Authors: F. C. Luft
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To develop methods of estimating sodium intake in free-living persons, we gave normal volunteers mean sodium intakes of 65, 110, and 200 mEq/day. The intake was randomly varied about each mean by an SD of 12.5% daily. Twenty-four-hour and night urinary sodium excretion were measured. Night urinary sodium excretion was also estimated by means of inexpensive quantitative and qualitative chloride titrator strips. The latter required no timed urine collection. A total of three 24-hour urine collections were necessary to differentiate the regimens with 95% accuracy. Three night urinary sodium excretory estimates by the quantitative chloride titrator provided 79% accuracy in identifying the level of dietary sodium intake. By applying the qualitative chloride titrator every other day, the dietary regimens could be differentiated with 95% accuracy. These techniques were not only useful in estimating sodium intake, but also provided a simple means of documenting compliance to sodium restriction. Patients should have no difficulty in applying these methods themselves in a home setting. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1764-1768)
Role of the inflammasome of tumor cells in modulating the biology of Tumor Infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Anne Jarry, Adrien Ouairy, Delphine Dansette, Cécile Deleine, Nicolas Jouand, Romain Oger, Juliette Podevin, Pierre Fourquier, Emilie Thibaudeau, Jerome Chetritt, Jean-François Mosnier, Nadine Gervois, Celine Bossard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

e23087 Background: In colorectal cancer (CRC), little is known about mechanisms by which tumor cells can influence the phenotype and biology of Tumor Infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) of the tumor microenvironment. One of these mechanisms could be the inflammasome, a molecular platform present in normal intestinal epithelial cells, whose effector protein, caspase-1, can rapidly mature IL18 and generate a mucosal Th1/Tc1 (IFNγ) response. However, the inflammasome status of tumor cells in CRC and its potential role on TILs are unknown yet. Methods: Prospective and retrospective cohort studies aimed to determine in CRC patients: the status of the inflammasome in tumor cells (IL18 immunostaining on tissue microarrays (TMA) and in situ detection of active caspase-1 on frozen sections) and the density of TILs (CD8+, T-bet+) in relation with i) the microsatellite stable (MSS) or unstable (MSI) status of CRC, and ii) the levels of cytokines (IL18, IFNγ) secreted in an ex vivo explant culture model of CRC. Finally, we assessed the effect of recombinant human IL18 (rhIL18) on the IFNγ response of isolated TILs. Results: TMA analysis of the retrospective cohort showed that IL18 was significantly expressed (in more than 50% of tumor cells) in 80% of CRC, especially in MSI CRC, and correlated with a high density of T-bet+ and CD8+ intraepithelial TILs (IEL-TILs). Active caspase-1 was detected in tumor cells in 60% of CRC. In the prospective cohort, the presence of active caspase-1 in tumor cells was associated with high levels of mature IL18 secreted in explant cultures, with high density of T-bet+ TILs and with IFNγ release in most cases. In addition, isolated TILs expressing IL18 receptors (IL18Rα), cultured with rhIL18, were able to secrete IFNγ either unstimulated or stimulated with OKT3. Conclusions: The inflammasome of tumor cells, when maintained and active, can contribute to a Th1/Tc1 antitumor immune response elicited by TILs, that can modulate tumor growth. The inflammasome of tumor cells can thus be considered as a potential new therapeutic target to strengthen the antitumor immune response in CRC, in association with other immunotherapies.
UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH: A Correction
Journal: BMJ (1908)

1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MEDICAL JOURNWAL induced my surprise that he referred only to Ancoats Hospital and omitted all reference to the Salford Royal .Hospital when considering the effects of the removal of the infirmary to its new buildings.Your Manchester corre- spondent evidently rea rds the centre of the population as the centre of the city.The fact is that Manchester and Salford are only separated by a narrow, filthy river, and in some places only by a landmark.They would now be under a single corporation if the people could have their way.They consist of one great community of nearly million people, and in spite of police instructions and ambulance arrangements accidents and emergencies have a tendency to gravitate to the nearest general hospital, and will continue to do, whatever the artificial restrictions now in vogue may try to accomplish.-I am, etc., Manchester,
PWE-112 The Association of Low Penetrance Genetic Risk Modifiers with Colorectal Cancer in Lynch Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: N Donald, S Malik, J McGuire, K Monahan
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Lynch Syndrome (LS) is a highly penetrant inherited cancer predisposition syndrome accounting for approximately 1000 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the UK annually. LS is characterised by autosomal dominant inheritance and germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. The penetrance is highly variable and the reasons for this have not been fully elucidated. This study investigates whether low penetrance genetic risk factors may result in phenotype modification in LS patients. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review was conducted of the PubMed and HuGENet databases. Eligibility of studies was determined by pre-defined criteria. Included studies were analysed via the per-allele model and assessed by pooled odds ratios and establishing 95% confidence intervals. Study heterogeneity was assessed via Cochrane’s Q statistic and I<sup>2</sup> values. Publication bias was evaluated with funnel plots. Subgroup analysis was conducted on gender. Statistical software used was the Metafor package for the R programme version 3.1.3. <h3>Results</h3> Sixty-four polymorphisms were identified and sufficient data was available for analysis of 10 polymorphisms, with between 279 and 1768 CRC cases per polymorphism. None demonstrated association with CRC risk in LS patients. However in sub-group analysis the polymorphism rs16892766 (8q23.3) was significantly associated with CRC risk in males (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.12–2.10). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The variable phenotype presentation of the disease still remains largely unexplained, and further investigation is warranted. Other factors may also be influencing the high variability of the disease, such as environmental factors, copy number variants and epigenetic alterations. Investigation into these areas is needed as well as larger and more definitive studies of the polymorphisms analysed in this study. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Hyposensitization Treatment
Authors: A. P. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1971)

steroid therapy; without detailed examina- tion2 it may not be easy to distinguish be- tween the two.The evidence for corticosteroids causing sudden death has not been conclusive.3The patient most probably had Addison's disease which improved on corticosteroids prescribed for his asthma, but these should not be blamed for his sudden death, nor should his asthma.His sudden unexpected death,4 occurring after a period of stress ("prolonged period of driving"), may have been due solely to primary Addison's disease.-I am, etc.,
Abstract 2548: DNA damage response gene expression in CHK1 inhibitor responsive and resistant mouse models of MYC driven B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Nicola L. Hannaway, Jill E. Hunter, Alastair Greystoke, Neil D. Perkins
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Enhanced tumor replication stress and genomic instability can lead to disruption of the DNA damage response, leading to tumor survival and dependence on essential checkpoint controls. Drugs to target intact pathways, such as CHK1 inhibitors, are therefore desirable and currently in clinical trials as potential future anticancer therapies. The underlying mechanisms underpinning the response and resistance to CHK1 inhibitor treatment are still unclear. We have demonstrated that NF-κB can regulate the response to oncogene induced DNA replication stress in vivo through regulation of CLSPN (Claspin) gene expression. Claspin is an essential adaptor protein required for the phosphorylation and activation of CHK1 by ATR. Using the Eµ-MYC mouse model of B-cell lymphoma we have found that mutation of NF-κB subunits (knockout of c-Rel or a T505A transactivation domain mutation of RelA) leads to earlier lymphoma onset that correlates with loss of Clspnexpression and inhibition of CHK1 activity. Moreover, while wild type Eµ-MYC lymphomas are highly responsive to CHK1 inhibitor treatment, by contrast Eµ-MYC NF-κB mutant cRel-/- or RelAT505A lymphomas are resistant. To understand more about how MYC driven lymphoma cells respond to CHK1 inhibitor treatment, we have investigated changes in the expression of genes encoding members of DNA damage response pathways. Wild type mice reimplanted with Eµ-MYC lymphoma cells were treated with the CHK1 inhibitor CCT244747 and harvested at multiple fixed timepoints. Quantitative PCR analysis of mRNAs encoding proteins in the ATR/CHK1 and ATM/CHK2 pathways was performed, with RPL13A used as reference gene. Interestingly, while dramatic changes were seen in wild type Eµ-MYC cells, these were not seen in CHK1 inhibitor resistant cRel-/- lymphomas. We observed an upregulation of the DNA damage and cell cycle responsive genes in the CHK1 inhibitor sensitive wild-type Eµ-MYC mice. This is consistent with with previously published in vitro studies and suggests an S phase cell cycle arrest in response to CHK1 inhibitor induced DNA damage. This response, however, is absent in the CHK1 inhibitor resistant Eµ-MYC NF-κB mutant lymphomas. It is hoped that by understanding these differences in gene expression that biomarkers of CHK1 inhibitor response can be identified to help stratify future clinical candidates. Citation Format: Nicola L. Hannaway, Jill E. Hunter, Alastair Greystoke, Neil D. Perkins. DNA damage response gene expression in CHK1 inhibitor responsive and resistant mouse models of MYC driven B-cell lymphoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2548.
THE EIGHTH COMMANDMENT.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Discharge Conference
Authors: E. Fritz Schmerl
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article on the predischarge family conference by Hollingsworth and Sokol (239:740, 1978) touches on an aspect of medical care that many of us still ignore. They remind us that, in the physician's medical strategy, the timing of a hospital discharge can be of a rather critical nature and that it requires tactical teamwork. Hollingsworth and Sokol's account prompts me to report on a weekly arrangement that we termed "the discharge conference." It was in 1962 when the idea originated in our longterm inpatient service as an early interdisciplinary innovation. We formed a team that was to review current dischargeable patients. The technique we demonstrated led to its ready adoption elsewhere. Typical participants in our discharge conference are chief physician, ward physician, nurse supervisor, head nurse, physical therapist and occupational therapist (from our rehabilitation service), social case worker, and public health nurse. A prepared list of patients