tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Toxic and Gonadotropic Effects of Cadmium and Boron Relative to Standards for These Substances in Drinking Water
Authors: G. N. Krasovskii, S. P. Varshavskaya, A. I. Borisov
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Experimental research was conducted on the study of the relationship of the general toxic and gonadotoxic effects of cadmium and boron under conditions of subacute and chronic oral intoxication on white random-bred rats, by use of biochemical, physiological, cytological, and pathomorphological methods. It is shown that the gonadotoxic effect of cadmium is manifested on the same level (3 mg/kg of body weight) as the general toxic effect. The gonadotoxic effect of boron is dominant and is manifested at a lower level (6 mg/kg of body weight) than the general toxic effect (20 mg/kg). On the basis of the results of chronic experiments, 0.001 mg/l. is recommended as the hygienic standard for cadmium in water and 0.5 mg/l. for boron.
Overview: Human Tissue Monitoring and Specimen Banking: Opportunities for Exposure Assessment, Risk Assessment, and Epidemiologic Research
Authors: Lester W. Lee, Jack Griffith, Hal Zenick, Barbara S. Hulka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.There were 1 17 registered participants from 18 states and 5 foreign countries.The first 2 days featured 21 invited speakers from the
Kinetics of protective antibodies are determined by the viral surface antigen
Authors: Daniel D. Pinschewer, Mar Perez, Eswaraka Jeetendra, Thomas Bächi, Edit Horvath, Hans Hengartner, Michael A. Whitt, Juan Carlos de la Torre, Rolf M. Zinkernagel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Delayed and weak virus neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses represent a hallmark correlating not only with the establishment of persistent infection but also with unsuccessful vaccine development. Using a reverse genetic approach, we evaluated possible underlying mechanisms in 2 widely studied viral infection models. Swapping the glycoproteins (GPs) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV, naturally persisting, noncytolytic, inefficient nAb inducer) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV, nonpersisting, cytolytic, potent nAb inducer) transferred the only target of nAb's from either virus to the other. We analyzed the nAb response to each of the 2 recombinant and parent viruses in infected mice and found that nAb kinetics were solely determined by the viral surface GP and not by the virus backbone. Moreover, the slowly and poorly nAb-triggering LCMV virion was a potent immunogenic matrix for the more antigenic VSV-GP. These findings indicate that the viral GP determines nAb kinetics largely independently of the specific viral infection context. They further suggest that structural features of viral GPs or coevolutionary adaptation of the virus's GP to the host's naive B cell repertoire, or both, may critically limit nAb kinetics and improvement of vaccine efficacy.
Judgment Day
Authors: George Young
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscope Implicated in Illinois Infection Outbreak
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer Prevention in Primary Care Screening for colorectal cancer
Authors: J Austoker
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Learning-related changes in brain activity are thought to underlie adaptive behaviors<sup>1,2</sup>. For instance, the learning of a reward site by rodents requires the development of an over-representation of that location in the hippocampus<sup>3-6</sup>. However, how this learning-related change occurs remains unknown. Here we recorded hippocampal CA1 population activity as mice learned a reward location on a linear treadmill. Physiological and pharmacological evidence suggests that the adaptive over-representation required behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity (BTSP)<sup>7</sup>. BTSP is known to be driven by dendritic voltage signals that we hypothesized were initiated by input from entorhinal cortex layer 3 (EC3). Accordingly, the CA1 over-representation was largely removed by optogenetic inhibition of EC3 activity. Recordings from EC3 neurons revealed an activity pattern that could provide an instructive signal directing BTSP to generate the over-representation. Consistent with this function, exposure to a second environment possessing a prominent reward-predictive cue resulted in both EC3 activity and CA1 place field density that were more elevated at the cue than the reward. These data indicate that learning-related changes in the hippocampus are produced by synaptic plasticity directed by an instructive signal from the EC3 that appears to be specifically adapted to the behaviorally relevant features of the environment.
Transactions of the Fifty-ninth Annual Session of the Medical Society of the State of Tennessee
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Evaluation of Precaution-Based Approaches As EMF Policy Tools in Community Environments
Authors: Jack Sahl, Michael Dolan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

This paper explores the use of precaution-based approaches as policy tools when responding to concerns about power-frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF) in community environments. The combination of public concern and scientific uncertainty about potential health impacts from exposure to EMF challenges society to adopt EMF policies that balance the benefits of electric power against the possibility that some aspect of the use of electricity may be harmful. Inappropriate policy responses can undermine the economics of society's use of electricity and have other adverse consequences on public health. These adverse consequences result from the inappropriate diversion of scarce public and private resources. Precaution-based approaches are rooted in individual concepts of common sense and can be an effective component of a comprehensive set of EMF policy options. Precaution-based approaches do not replace science-based policy options and should only be used when the available science-based guidelines are not applicable. The application of these approaches should balance the real and expected costs and benefits of taking or not taking action. Given our current scientific knowledge, actions taken to reduce EMF exposure should necessarily be low cost because the expected benefits are uncertain. Society also needs to avoid adopting EMF policies that could incur high costs from distorting resources from other, more important, personal and public health priorities.
Impact of geriatric assessment on the management of older adults with head and neck cancer: A pilot study.
Authors: Matthew Vincent Neve, Michael B. Jameson, Siva Govender, Cristian Hartopeanu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

10040 Background: Management of cancer is complex in older adults. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) has been shown to help discriminate which patients can tolerate aggressive cancer treatment, but has major resource implications. In this pilot study we assessed the utility of incorporating a screening tool to identify older patients with potentially-curable head and neck cancer who may benefit from CGA prior to a decision on definitive management. Methods: Patients aged 65 years or older with a potentially-curable primary malignancy of the head and neck region were presented at the Head and Neck multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting. The Geriatric 8 (G8) questionnaire was administered prior to the MDT, at which clinicians, blinded to the G8 result, made a recommendation on appropriate treatment, including referral for CGA if considered advisable. Patients considered vulnerable (G8 score < 14) were also to be referred for CGA. Subsequent treatment and outcomes were recorded. Results: Over 6 months 35 patients were recruited into the study, median age 74 (range 65-93) years. Seventeen (49%) patients were assessed as vulnerable by the G8 score, including 7 (20%) patients whom the MDT referred for CGA while blinded to the G8 score. Seven potentially-curable patients with G8 scores < 14 did not receive a CGA. Thirty (85.7%) patients underwent curative-intent treatment, including 6 of 7 patients who had CGA. Of 10 vulnerable patients who did not have CGA, 60% proceeded to curative-intent treatment. Mean length of stay after surgery was 12.2 vs. 6.5 days in patients deemed vulnerable or fit by G8 scores, respectively (p = 0.46); the completion rate of radical radiotherapy was 75% vs. 100% in each group, respectively (p = 0.13). Mean post-operative length of stay in vulnerable patients who underwent a CGA was 6.2 days vs. 17.3 days in those who were not referred (p = 0.79). Conclusions: The G8 tool identified twice the number of patients as vulnerable compared to the MDT. There was a trend towards longer post-operative stay and lower radiotherapy completion rates in patients deemed vulnerable by G8 scores. A larger study is needed to evaluate the impact of G8 screening on resource utilization and patient outcomes in this patient group. Clinical trial information: Trial ID ACTRN12614001159640.
SEC Slaps Another Researcher for Insider Trading
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABC of emergency radiology. Cervical spine--II.
Authors: P A Driscoll, R Ross, D A Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

The lateral view is the routine radiograph for examining the cervical spineIn addition to the lateral cervical radiograph discussed last week, further views are commonly requested in trauma patients.However, the patient usually has to be moved to the radiology department for these radiographs to be taken.This should not be done until resuscitation is completed and the patient is stable from a respiratory and haemodynamic point of view.The radiographs must be examined using the same principles described for the lateral view.Therefore once the adequacy of the film has been assessed the ABCs are inspected..-A+--- Anteroposterior cervical radiograph FIG 1-Anleroposterior radiograph and line diagram showing T2-C2.The spinous processes are aligned normally.~,-T2 AdequacyEnsure that Ti to C3 are visible.The mandible and occiput overlies C 1-3 in this projection and may obscure them from view. AlignmentCheck alignment of spinous processes.Malalignment may indicate a unifacet dislocation or a fracture ofthe lateral articular surface.These injuries cause the spinous processes to rotate to the side of the injury.FIG 2-Anteroposterior radiograph showing unifacet dislocation of C6.The spinous process of C6 is rotated to the right and the C6/7 intervertebral space is widened.
FDA approves aspartame as soft-drink sweetener
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Aspartame (NutraSweet), an artificial sweetener discovered when a chemist licked his fingers, now can be used in soft drinks in this country. The Food and Drug Administration announced the approval in July. It follows the 1981 FDA approval of aspartame "as a free-flowing sugar substitute for dining table use; as a tablet for hot beverages and for use in cold cereals; as a dry base sweetener for powdered beverages, instant coffee and tea, gelatins, puddings, fillings, and dessert toppings; and as a flavoring agent in chewing gum." The FDA said its evaluation of this new use "included reviewing recent animal and limited human studies" by Richard J. Wurtman, MD, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge. Wurtman, who is professor of neuroendocrinology in MIT's Department of Nutrition, says additional studies are needed to determine if brain neurotransmitters may be affected when aspartame is consumed in a carbonated beverage at the same
"SYNERGISTIC COLONIC ANALGESIA"
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Journal of Periodontology, Indianapolis
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transfusion requirements in critical care. A pilot study. Canadian Critical Care Trials Group
Authors: P. C. Hebert
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the effects of a restrictive and a liberal red blood cell (RBC) transfusion strategy on mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients. <h3>Study Design.</h3> —Multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical trial. <h3>Patient Population.</h3> —Sixty-nine normovolemic critically ill patients admitted to one of five tertiary level intensive care units with hemoglobin values less than 90 g/L within 72 hours of admission. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —Patients were randomly allocated to one of two RBC transfusion strategies. Hemoglobin values were maintained between 100 and 120 g/L in the liberal transfusion group and between 70 and 90 g/L in the restrictive group. <h3>Results.</h3> —Primary diagnosis and mean±SD age (58.6±15 vs 59.0±21 years) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (20±6.2 vs 21 ±7.2) were similar in the restrictive and liberal groups, respectively. Daily hemoglobin values averaged 90 g/L in the restrictive group vs 109 g/L in the liberal group (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). The restrictive group received 2.5 U per patient compared with 4.8 U per patient in the liberal group. This represents a 48% relative decrease (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) in RBC units transfused per patient. The 30-day mortality rate was 24% in the restrictive group compared with 25% in the liberal group; the 95% confidence interval around the absolute difference was −19% to 21%. Similar observations were noted for intensive care unit mortality (<i>P</i>=.76) and 120-day mortality (<i>P</i>&gt;.99). In addition, survival analysis comparing time until death in both groups did not reveal any significant difference (<i>P</i>=.93) between groups. Organ dysfunction scores were also similar (<i>P</i>=.44). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —In this small randomized trial, neither mortality nor the development of organ dysfunction was affected by the transfusion strategy, which suggests that a more restrictive approach to the transfusion of RBCs may be safe in critically ill patients. However, the study lacked power to detect small but clinically significant differences. Therefore, further investigations of RBC transfusion strategies are warranted. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1439-1444)
Improved diastolic function after septal reduction in obstructive hypertropic cardiomyopathy Marta Sitges, Takahiro Shiota, Harry M. Lever, Jian Xin Qin, Fabrice Bauer, Jeannie K. Drinko, Deborah A. Agler, Maureen G. Martin, Nicholas G. Smeidra, Bruce W. Lytle, Samir R. Kapadia, E. Murat Tuzcu, Mario J. Garcia, James D. Thomas. The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
CLUMPING OF THE RED BLOOD-CORPUSCLES IN ACUTE PNEUMONIA AND CERTAIN OTHER DISEASES, AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BUFFY COAT IN THE SHED BLOOD.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal