tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stronger laws and stiffer penalties aimed at keeping drivers safely sober
Authors: T. F. Kirn
Journal: JAMA (1988)

IN 1983, a Gallup poll suggested that 80% of Americans would not hesitate to get behind the wheel after drinking. Four years later, according to the National Commission Against Drunk Driving, 77% say they avoid driving after imbibing. The commission, located in Washington, DC, claims that change in response represents a major shift in America's attitude. These days, music star Stevie Wonder can record "Don't Drive Drunk," legions of other entertainers brag publicly about "giving it up," and Foster Brooks, the comedian who made a career of playing inebriates, would simply not be funny. Attitudes about alcohol have been changing rapidly, and with regard to drunken driving especially. The reason: the Department of Transportation (Wash, DC) estimates that two of every five Americans will be involved in an alcohol-related crash in their lifetime. During the past five years, 500 drunken driving laws have been newly enacted or existing laws strengthened.
Association News
Authors: Edward Livingston Hunt
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>THE SAN FRANCISCO SESSION</h3><h3>Applications for Space in Scientific Exhibit and for Time on Motion Picture Theater Program</h3> Plans are under way for the Scientific Exhibit to be held at the San Francisco session of the American Medical Association. Application blanks for either exhibit space or time on the Motion Picture Theater Program will be ready, March 1. Those desiring application blanks should forward their names and addresses to Director Scientific Exhibit, American Medical Association, 535 North Dearborn Street, Chicago. <h3>American Medical Association Eastern District Official Tour to San Francisco</h3> The annual session of the American Medical Association will be held at San Francisco, June 25-29, 1923. The subcommittee appointed by the secretaries of the medical societies of the Eastern states has arranged a twenty-five day tour to San Francisco and return, stopping at interesting and important points. All details of the trip will be taken care of, and all
Obesity as a predictor of poor antibody response to hepatitis B plasma vaccine
Authors: D. J. Weber
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Factors associated with lack of antibody response to the hepatitis B virus plasma vaccine were retrospectively evaluated by means of a logistic regression in 194 previously seronegative staff members of a community hospital. All subjects had received three doses of vaccine by intramuscular buttock injection using a 1-in, 23-gauge needle. Overall, only 55.7% of subjects developed detectable antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in serum after immunization. The weight-height index served as a surrogate measure of obesity. Predictors of poor immunogenic response to hepatitis B vaccine included higher weight-height index, older age, and vaccine batch. Sex, race, timing of vaccine doses, and timing of postimmunization determination of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen were not predictors of vaccine efficacy. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:3187-3189)
Vitellogenin Induction by Xenobiotic Estrogens in the Red-Eared Turtle and African Clawed Frog
Authors: Brent D. Palmer, Sylvia K. Palmer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Many environmental pollutants have estrogenic activity in animals.Xenobiotic estrogens include many pesticides and industrial chemicals that bioac- cumulate.The impact of these common pollutants on the reproductive success of wildlife may be considerable, particularly in threatened or endan- gered species.This research examined the use of plasma vitellogenin in males as a biomarker for estrogenic xenobiotics in reptiles and amphibians.Adult male turtles (Trachemys scripta) and frogs (Xenopus laevis) were given ip injections of estradiol-1 7f (E2), diethylstilbestrol (DES), or o,p'DDT (1-chloro-2-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyllbenzene) daily for 7 days, and plasma was collected on day 14.The estrogenic activity of each compound was determined by measuring the induction of plasma vitellogenin.Vitellogenin was identified by precipitation, electrophoresis, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).In both species, estradiol and DES treatments induced the most vitellogenin, whereas DDT treatments induced smaller amounts of vitellogenin in a dose-dependent fashion.These data indicate that induction of plasma vitellogenin in males may be a useful biomarker of xenobiotic estrogen activity in wild populations of reptiles and amphibians.
A dose escalation and pharmacokinetic (PK) trial of weekly docetaxel combined with daily erlotinib in adult cancer patients
Authors: J. Porter, D. Murry, S. Dropcho, D. Seitz, P. Helft, C. Yoder, K. Fife, C. J. Sweeney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

2119 Background: Docetaxel is a taxane with a broad range of clinical activity. Erlotonib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1/EGFR). This study aims to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of both drugs when docetaxel is given weekly. Methods: 14 evaluable patients (pts) with only one prior therapy for metastatic disease and no prior taxane exposure have been enrolled to date. All pts received 150 mg of oral erlotonib daily and intravenous infusion of docetaxel over 30 min. on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days with oral dexamethasone premedication (4mg day before, of and after infusion). The PK profile of docetaxel was defined on day 1 of cycle 2. A standard “3+3” design was used. In addition to the standard definitions of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) occurring in cycle 1, inability to give repeated doses in cycle 1 was deemed dose limiting. Results: 45 cycles (133 weekly doses of docetaxel) have been adminstered to 14 pts. 0 of 3 pts treated at 20 mg/m2 experienced a DLT. 1 of 6 pts treated at 25 mg/m2 had a DLT event: grade 4 enterocolitis with small bowel perforation; 1 pt developed grade 3 pulmonary toxicity (interstitial pneumonitis) in cycle 3 that responded to corticosteroids. 0 of 3 pts treated at 30 mg/m2 had a DLT in cycle 1. Accrual to 35 mg/m2 is ongoing (1 pt has completed cycle 1 without DLT). Grade 1/2 acneiform rash occurred in 4/8 pts respectively. Grade 1/2 diarrhea was observed in 7/2 pts. No pts had a neutrophil or platelet count fall below 1,500 and 100,000 respectively in cycle 1. 11 pts have had a PK evaluation and the docetaxel clearance on day 1 of cycle 2 was 66 L/hr or 31.5 L/hr/m2 (Coefficient of variation-CV: 35%/29%) and volume of distribution was 8.94 L (CV: 26%). Conclusion: Weekly docetaxel and erlotinib in combination do not alter the profile or the intensity of the toxicities of either drug when given as single agents. Accrual to the 35 mg/m2 docetaxel cohort is ongoing to further define the toxicity and PK profile. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Aventis
Reference Incorrect
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Slipper ulcers
Authors: H. Hopkinson, K. Gardner, G. Harkin
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A patient with diabetes developed a foot ulcer after wearing new slippers.⇓Fourteen patients with new ulcers were seen in the diabetic foot clinic in the first 10 working days of 2012.Seven of them stated that new slippers for Christmas were implicated in their ulceration.Appropriate footwear is a critical component of diabetic foot care.Patients are educated about the need for adapted shoes and insoles, but also need to be aware of the risk of using non-prescribed footwear, including slippers.
Encore
Authors: None Gemaennes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Psoriatic arthritis and the hand A study of 56 patients with psoriatic arthropathy showed that in over 80% the hand was affected.We tend to look particularly at the distal interphalangeal joints in this condition, but here the authors found that the proximal interphalangeal joints were more commonly affected, as were the metacarpophalangeal joints.Other problems thought to be more associated with rheumatoid arthritis were also seen, such as swan-neck lesions and tenosynovitis.
Expression and immune response to hepatitis C virus core DNA-based vaccine constructs
Authors: K Tokushige
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major worldwide cause of acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The development of vaccines against HCV have been complicated by the high variability of the envelope region, and it is likely that the cellular immune responses to viral structural proteins may be important for eradicating persistent viral infection. Recently, it was reported that the injection into muscle cells of plasmids encoding viral genes resulted in the generation of strong cellular immune responses. We constructed vectors that express the highly conserved HCV core gene. In this regard, the pHCV 2-2 construct contained the entire HCV core region and pHCV 4-2 contained both the 5′ noncoding region and the core gene. Cellular expression of HCV core protein was assessed following transfection into human and murine cell lines, and higher intracellular levels of the 21-kd core protein were observed with pHCV 2-2. These HCV core DNA constructs were used to immunize BALB/c mice and produced low-level anti-HCV core humoral immune responses. To assess cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity generated in vivo, a cloned syngeneic SP2/O myeloma cell line constitutively expressing HCV core protein was established and inoculated into BALB/c mice to produce growth of plasmacytomas. Strong CTL activity was generated because the tumor size and weight in pHCV 2-2-immunized mice were remarkably reduced compared with mice injected with mock DNA. Spontaneous CTL activity was also exhibited by splenocytes in an in vitro cytotoxicity assay. These investigations demonstrate that plasmid constructs expressing HCV core protein generate strong CTL activity, as assessed both in vivo and in vitro, and are promising candidates as antiviral agents.
JAMA Pediatrics
Authors: Phil Fontanarosa, Annette Flanagin, Paula Glitman, Brenda Gregoline, Tracy Frey, Shannon Sparenga, Miriam Cintron, Paul Ruich, Diane Cannon, Vickey Golden, Connie Manno, Laura Copyreaders, Catherine Adamcyzk, Jan Alden, Mary Clavey, Cheryl Coerver-Connolly, Gillian Davidow, Laura Dickens, Juliann King, Donna Tarsney, Caroline Thordsen, Wanda Assistant, Larry Bryant, Monica Mungle, Elaine Williams, Lenette Gardner-Gullens, Fanny Brown, Paul Frank, Rachell Lozano, Michaela Mark, J Neff, Kate Pezalla, Gale Saulsberry, Michael Berkwits, Michelle Kurzynski, Eric Butkus, Christopher Hastings, Craig Mccaffrey, Reuben Rios, Ronna Henry, Staff Bird, Alison Burke, Cassio Lynm, David Song, Deputy Livingston, Thomas Cole, Marla Hall, Deanna Willis, Yolanda Davis, Joseph Thornton, Jann Ingmire, Deanna Bellandi, Jim Periodical, Thomas Staff, Monica Smith, Jeffery Bonistalli Manager, Kathy Staff, Mirna Monal, Tim Melroy, Thalia Moss, Tem Harrier, Susan Henning, Mark Thornbury, Tricia Castellano, Saskia Bolore, Gretchen Linder, Brian Mccartney, Rebecca Haas, Christine Hearne, Irma Lara, Audra Lawlor, Scott Marketing, Matt Herron, Elizabeth Solaro, Geoffrey Flick Managers, Rick Bell, Paul Gee, Michael Mcgraw, Sara Nagy, Stacy Staff, Millette Jackson-Bates, Karen Adams-Taylor, Karl Elvin, Sue Sherrill, Brian Shields Managers, David Antos, Chris Borden, Debbie Camp, Lydia Cruz, Diane Darnell, Colleen Kelly, Chris Meyer, Emily Mitchell, Jaye Mize, Sean O'donnell, Sean Ohlson, Phil O'leary, Ryan Patella, Susan Price, Denise Steinhauser, Production Services, Kim Boler, Rhonda Brown, Timothy Burke, Susan Chiara, Daniel Degroot, Jordynn Farrar, Euwanaha Joiner-Smith, Cindy Rendlen, Ellen Yoshihara, Circulation Services, Julie Burton, Dexter Golden, Erin Hinchcliff, Noemi Rivera, Geneine Van, Someren Composition, New Media, Gail Barrett, Regina Brownlee, Brenda Chandler-Grayer, Scott Curl, Amy Evers, Teri Hutchison, Mary Kuranda, Joshua Lampinen, Fred Marshall, Patricia Panek, La Son, Diggs Sledge, George Thomson Graphics, Joe Amft, Maria Duda, Fred Furtner, Carolyn Hall, Maria Kowalkowski, Proofreading Carol, Joy Farrell, Daniel James, Judith Literskis, Teresa Omiotek, James Madara, Bernard Hengesbaugh, Dimitri Christakis, Washington Joffe, Ron Keren, Suzanne Shuey, Benjamin French, Peter Cummings, Samir Shah, Howard Bauchner, Frederick Rivara, Matthew Davis, Ann Arbor, Cherrie Boyer, San Francisco, Robert Bradley, Maria Britto, John Campo, Aaron Carroll, Indiana Frank, Joseph Chaloupka, Mitchell Cohen, Chris Feudtner, Kathleen Janz, Iowa City, Terry Klassen, Joyce Lee, Michigan Michelle, Huckaby Lewis, Maryland Saiman, New York, York Samir, Martha Sola-Visner, Jean-Claude Carel, Shabir Madhi, Ben Marais, Frank Oberklaid, Susan Sawyer, Joan-Carles Surís
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)
Synergism in Carcinogenesis: Reply
Authors: Charles C. Brown
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Synergism in Carcinogenesis: Reply Charles C. Brown Charles C. Brown Dr. Biostatistics Branch, Room C508A, Landow Building, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 3, March 1985, Pages 729–730, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.3.729-b Published: 01 March 1985
Reply:
Authors: Francesco Vizzutti, None Umberto Arena, None Massimo Pinzani
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

We sincerely appreciate the debate stimulated by our article.1 As clearly stated in our manuscript1 and in replies to letters to the editor,2, 3 the aim of our study was to provide a clear cut proof of concept regarding the confounding role exerted by necroinflammation on liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Therefore, a model unequivocally characterized by acute liver necroinflammation without concomitant fibrosis was employed. It is conceivable that mechanisms other than necroinflammation could have modestly contributed to LSM values in our patients with acute hepatitis (i.e., inflammation-related edema). However, none of our acute hepatitis cases showed clear cholestatic features, and bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase levels returned to normal or near normal values when alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity was ≤ 2 upper limit of normal. Differently, the two cases reported by Seo and co-workers were characterized by clear signs of worsening cholestasis following an episode of acute hepatitis and should be defined as "acute cholestatic hepatitis". This is supported by the need to perform histological assessment because of persistently high and even increasing bilirubin plasma levels in spite of aminotransferase normalization (no liver function tests and enzyme activity other than aminotransferase were reported by the authors). The possibility that cholestasis represents an additional confounding factor in LSM was already suggested by Sagir and co-workers.4 Therefore, what was presented in the letter by Seo and co-workers does not provide novelty. In any case, in a forthcoming article,5 we have highlighted the importance of future studies aimed at assessing the influence of intrahepatic and extrahepatic factors on LSM. We are obviously aware that ALT levels are not a faithful expression of histological necroinflammatory activity, particularly in chronic hepatitis, as we have recently confirmed.6 Therefore, we completely agree that not only aminotransferase, but also other markers of necroinflammation/cholestasis must be taken in account in LSM practice, even though none of these biochemical markers directly correlate with the relative histological findings. Moreover, further elements need to be considered like passive/active congestion of the liver, distance from meals, varying results according to the site of measurement, disease etiology, body weight, etc. As an example, in a hypothetical patient with chronic hepatitis C who is taking a beta-blocker for systemic hypertension, LSM could be higher because of drug-related passive congestion of the liver, or lower due to reduced hepatic inflow. Therefore, much effort still needs to be made in order to fully elucidate the limitations of this promising diagnostic tool. Francesco Vizzutti*, Umberto Arena*, Massimo Pinzani* , * Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, Center for Research, Higher Education and Transfer DENOThe, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Rhinomanometry
Authors: P. A. R. Clement
Journal: Allergy (1997)

The importance of nasal obstruction is stressed as one of the cardinal symptoms in allergic rhinitis and the major symptom of the late phase reaction; therefore the objective measurement of this symptom is of the utmost importance. The international committee on objective assessment of the nasal airway advocated rhinomanometry as a reliable method for measuring tlus symptom. The author's experience with this method after nasal challenge during the early and late phase, in 18 patients and 10 normal volunteers, is discussed. If total nasal resistance is considered then 41% of the patients showed a late phase. When considering unilateral nasal resistance a late phase was observed in 82% of the patients.
PHYSICAL MEDICINE &amp;amp; REHABILITATION
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE SOURCES OF CALCIUM FOR THE BODY
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AUTHOR'S REPLY
Authors: P M A Calverley
Journal: Thorax (1994)

<h3>Background:</h3> The use of outpatient health care services by homeless people is low compared to their high level of need; however, it is unclear whether this applies to surgical care. We sought to describe surgical care access among homeless patients in a Canadian tertiary care setting. <h3>Methods:</h3> We reviewed the medical records of adult (age &gt; 18 yr) patients with no fixed address or a shelter address who presented to The Ottawa Hospital Emergency Department from Jan. 1, 2013, to Dec. 31, 2014, and required surgical referral. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics. <h3>Results:</h3> A surgical referral was initiated in 129 emergency department visits for 97 patients (77 men [79%], mean age 46.7 yr). Most patients lived in shelters (77 [79%]) and had provincial health insurance (82 [84%]), but only 35 (36%) had a primary care physician. The mean number visits for any reason was 7.9 (standard deviation 13.7) (range 1–106). The majority of surgical referrals (83 [64.3%]) were for traumatic injuries, and the most frequently consulted service (52 [40.3%]) was orthopedic surgery. Just under half (48 [49%]) of referred patients attended at least 1 outpatient appointment, and only a third (33 [34%]) completed full follow-up. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Homeless patients presenting to an emergency department and requiring surgical care were predominantly men living in shelters, most frequently seeking care for traumatic injuries. Current outpatient services may not meet the surgical care needs of these patients, as many do not access them. Alternative approaches to outpatient care must be considered, particularly among high-need services such as orthopedics, to support surgical care access among this population.