tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physiological and Toxicological Aspects of Smoke Produced during the Combustion of Polymeric Materials
Authors: I. N. Einhorn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Normally one expects that flame contact is the major cause of injury and death during fires. Analysis of the factors involved in numerous fires has revealed that most deaths were not due to flame contact, but were a consequence of the production of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and other combustion products, such as aldehydes, low molecular weight alcohols, hydrogen cyanide, and other noxious species. The major emphasis within the scope of this paper relates to the physiological and toxicological aspects of smoke produced during the combustion of materials. Special emphasis is directed toward laboratory procedures which have been developed to determine the qualitative and quantitative analysis of smoke, factors pertaining to smoke development, and to measure the response of laboratory animals exposed to smoke. The effects that fire retardants, incorporated into polymeric materials as a means of improving flammability characteristics, may have on smoke development, the mechanism of polymer degradation, and on the survival response of laboratory animals are also considered.
Membership of Committees on Education (as of June 30,1988)
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Ayalew Tefferi, James W. Vardiman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

This review gives an account of the clinical and hematologic features of the myelodysplastic syndromes. It supplies the latest classification of these disorders, discusses the cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes that occur, and analyzes how some of these conditions convert to acute myeloid leukemia.
MBCL-19. CHEMOTHERAPY STRATEGIES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN NEWLY DIAGNOSED WITH DESMOPLASTIC/EXTENSIVE NODULAR MEDULLOBLASTOMA UP TO THE ERA OF MOLECULAR PROFILING – A COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE MULTI-CENTER EUROPEAN AND NORTH AMERICAN TRIALS
Authors: Jonathan L Finlay, Martin Mynarek, Girish Dhall, Lucie Lafay-Cousin, Claire Mazewski, David Ashley, Sarah Leary, Bruce H Cohen, Giles Robinson, J Russell Geyer, Diana Tait, Joseph Stanek, Amar Gajjar, Stefan Rutkowski
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2020)

Abstract BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Survival has been poor in several multi-center/national trials since the 1980s, either delaying, avoiding or minimizing brain irradiation in young children with medulloblastoma. The introduction of German regimens incorporating both intravenous high-dose (HD-MTX) and intraventricular (IVENT-MTX) methotrexate, and North American regimens utilizing marrow-ablative chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic cell rescue (HDCx+AuHCR), have reported encouraging outcomes. We performed a comparative outcomes analysis of these strategies for young children with desmoplastic/extensive nodular medulloblastoma (D/ENMB). DESIGN/METHODS Data from 12 trials reported between 2005 and 2019 for children &amp;lt;six-years-old with D/ENMB were reviewed; event-free (EFS) with standard errors were compared. RESULTS The German HIT-SKK’92 and HIT-SKK’00 trials incorporating HD-MTX and IVENT-MTX reported 85+/-8% and 95+/-5% 5-10-year EFS respectively; a third trial (ACNS1221) incorporating HIT-SKK therapy but without IVENT-MTX reported 49+/-10% EFS. Three trials (Head Start I/II combined and CCG-99703) employing induction chemotherapy without HD-MTX, followed by 1/3 HDCx+AuHCR cycles, reported 3-5-year EFS of 67+/-16% and 79+/-11%. Two trials employing HD-MTX-containing induction chemotherapy (Head Start III and ACNS0334), followed by 1/3 HDCx+AuHCR cycles, reported 3-5-year EFS of 89+/-6% and 100%, respectively. Finally, four trials utilizing neither IVENT-MTX nor HDCx+AuHCR (UK-CNS-9204, CCG-9921, COG-P9934 and SJYC07) reported 2-5-year EFS of 35+/-11%, 77+/-9%, 58+/-8% and 53+/-9%. CONCLUSIONS A trend towards better EFS for young children with D/ENMB is observed in trials including either HD-MTX as well as IVENT-MTX or including HD-MTX-containing induction chemotherapy and HDCx+AuHCR. Trials excluding HD-MTX, IVENT-MTX and HDCx+AuHCR have poorer outcomes.
PTH-078 A Prospective Evaluation of the Predictive Value of Faecal Calprotectin in Quiescent Crohn’S Disease
Authors: L A Smith, G Naismith, S Barry, J I Munro, S Laird, K Rankin, J Morris, J W Winter, D R Gaya
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Studies have suggested that faecal calprotectin (FC) levels may increase early in inflammatory bowel disease relapse before the patient is symptomatic and thus may be useful to identify patients at a higher risk of relapsing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of FC in predicting relapse in patients followed up for a minimum of 12 months and to ascertain the best cut-off for this in our cohort of adult patients with quiescent Crohn’s disease (CD). <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with CD in clinical remission were recruited and followed up prospectively for a minimum of 12 months. Participants provided stool for FC concentration analysis and the study was terminated once the last recruited patient reached a follow up period of 365 days. Remission was defined as a Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI) of &lt; 150. Relapse was defined as either a need for escalation of medical therapy, surgery for active CD or progression of disease phenotype using the Montreal classification. The study was approved by the West of Scotland Research Ethics Service (REC reference 10/S0704/1). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of relapse by 12 months, based on FC value at baseline, was calculated. Kaplan-Meier curves of time to relapse, some of which were longer than 12 months, were based on the resulting best FC cut-off value for predicting relapse (with patients who had not relapsed being censored at end of follow-up) and compared using the log-rank tests. <h3>Results</h3> 98 patients were recruited. One patient was lost to follow up, 1 died and the care of 3 patients was transferred to another centre, before either relapsing or being followed up for 12 months. Of the 93 remaining patients 11 (12%) had relapsed by 12 months. The median FC was lower for non-relapsers, 96 µg/g (IQR 39–237), than for relapsers, 328 µg/g (IQR 189–574), (p = 0.008). The area under the ROC curve to predict relapse using FC was 74.8% (Figure 1). A cut-off FC value of 240 µg/g to predict relapse of quiescent Crohn’s disease over the course of one year was associated with a sensitivity of 72.7% and specificity of 74.3%. Negative predictive value was high at 95.3% and positive predictive value was 27.6%.There was a significant difference in time to relapse for those with the first FC value below or above 240 µg/g (p = 0.011). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this prospective dataset, FC appears to be a useful, non-invasive tool to help identify quiescent Crohn’s disease patients at a low risk of relapse over the ensuing 12 months. A FC value of 240 µg/g was deemed the best cut-off value in our patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Polycystic kidney disease, polycythemia, and azotemia
Authors: E. T. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medicare Woes
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor-Type O Truncated (PTPROT) Regulates SYK Phosphorylation, Proximal B-Cell Receptor Signaling and Cellular Proliferation.
Authors: Linfeng Chen, Przemyslaw Juszczynski, Kunihiko Takeyama, Ricardo C.T. Aguiar, Margaret A. Shipp
Journal: Blood (2006)
THE HOT SPRINGS DECISION.
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Circulating exosomal microRNA-125b inhibits metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hye Seon Kim, Jin Seoub Kim, Wonhee Hur, Heechul Nam, Pil Soo Sung, Si Hyun Bae, Jong Young Choi, Seung Kew Yoon, Jeong Won Jang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
The Croonian Lectures on the Difference between the Sexes in Regard to the Aspect and Treatment of Disease
Authors: J. B. Hicks
Journal: BMJ (1877)

crease in the arterial blood-pressure, it is reasonable to conclude that such is the sequence of events in the phenomena under consideration, that, although the two phenomena may be in part the result of a com- mon cause (altered state of the blood), the contraction of the arteries seen in those of the retina, and inferred to exist elsewhere, is, in part at least, the cause of the increased blood-tension".And now, having, as I believe, adduced sufficient evidence to show that the arterial tension in Bright's disease is a result of the resistance to the blood-stream caused by the contraction of the muscular arterioles, this undue contraction being excited by the influence of contaminated blood upon the vaso-motor nervous system, I pass on to the considera- tion of some of the results of the increased blood-pressure and arterial tension.
Blood transfusion after percutaneous coronary interventions: A potential target for quality improvement Mauro Moscucci, David Share, Eva M. Kline-Rogers, Michael J. O'Donnell, Adam B. Greenbaum, William L. Meengs, Ann Maxwell-Eward, Anthony DeFranco, Kim A. Eagle, For The Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2). University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for steatohepatitis and advanced fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): an in silico analysis
Authors: Douglas Maya-Miles, Rocío Gallego-Durán, Rocio Munoz Hernandez, Angela Rojas, Antonio Gil-Gomez, Rocío Montero-Vallejo, Sheila Gato, Maria Giraldez-Jimenez, Javier Ampuero, Manuel Romero Gomez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Diseases of Western civilization.
Authors: J Da, Costa Nimmo, L Prescott
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Many local anaesthetics are known adversely to affect in vitr tests of platelet function,3 but it is unlikely that lignocaine in the concentrations present in donor blood will have any detrimental effect.At high concentrations (10 mg/ml) lignocaine inhibits clot retrac- tion' and platelet aggregation and adhesion, but at concentrations of about 1 mg/ml no effect was seen.3The satisfactory clinical results obtained from many thousands of platelet transfusions would also support this optimism.Hypersensitivity reactions to blood in the form of urticaria have been estimated to occur in 3% of all transfusions5 and are generally attributed to the presence in the recipient's plasma of antibodies to IgA6 or IgG allotypes,7 or to the presence of reagins.8It is possible that some of these reactions are caused by prior sensitization of the re- cipient to local anaesthetics.The opportunity for sensitization of the general public is high through the widespread use of local anaes- thesia for dental, radiographic, and minor surgical pocedures as well as through blood donation and transfusion.These findings emphasize the wisdom of using some form of deplasmatized red cell preparation (such as red cell concentrates or frozen red cells) whenever the patient's requirement is only that of increased oxygen- carrying capacity.-We are, etc.,
SYRINGE NOZZLE AS A CARRIER OF INFECTION.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ulcers and Nonvariceal Bleeding
Authors: K R Palmer
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Although peptic ulcer continues to be the commonest cause of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, obscure haemorrhage from the Dieulafoy malformation and haemobilia must be considered, and may be amenable to endoscopic therapy. The patients who are at the highest risk of rebleeding and death are elderly, in shock at presentation, and have major stigmata of recent haemorrhage (SRH). The endoscopist must identify SRH, and identification may be made easier by washing the area with hydrogen peroxide. The natural history of SRH has been defined. There is wide interobserver variation in the interpretation of SRH, and there is probably therefore little value in the endoscopist describing subtle appearances. Although the value of endoscopic haemostatic therapy is established, it has still not been taken up by all institutions. Endoscopic injection of fibrin glue into the bleeding ulcer is a logical and relatively easy approach, and a systematic histological study of resected ulcers has shown that this does not adversely affect the ulcer healing process. Thermal therapies such as argon plasma coagulation and the heater probe have comparable efficacy. Although a combination of injection and thermal treatments may be logical, there are only trends suggesting that this is better than monotherapy. Nevertheless, the gold probe continues to be used in clinical practice. Experiments in an animal model of gastric bleeding suggest that the gold probe is effective, and that the version with a wide-gauge needle is best. Haemoclips may stop acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a range of sources. Patients who rebleed after initial endoscopic haemostasis have a tenfold increase in the risk of death. An important study from Hong Kong suggests that repeat endoscopic treatment after rebleeding has comparable morbidity and mortality to a policy of urgent surgery without endoscopic repeat intervention.
Epicutaneous Sensitization Results in IgE-Dependent Intestinal Mast Cell Expansion and Food Anaphylaxis
Authors: Raif Geha, Lisa Bartnikas, Michael Gurish, Oliver Burton, Sabine Leisten, Erin Janssen, Hans C. Oettgen, Jacqueline Beaupré, Christopher Lewis, K. Frank Austen, Stephanie Schulte, Jason L. Hornick, Michiko K. Oyoshi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treated by Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Laisvyde Statkute, Richard K. Burt, Yu Oyama, Larissa Verda, Nela Krosnjar, Ann E. Traynor
Journal: Blood (2004)
Statistical Analyses of the Relative Risk
Authors: John J. Gart
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Let P1 be the probability of a disease in one population and P2 be the probability of a disease in a second population. The ratio of these quantities, R = P1/P2, is termed the relative risk. We consider first the analyses of the relative risk from retrospective studies. The relation between the relative risk and the odds ratio (or cross-product ratio) is developed. The odds ratio can be considered a parameter of an exponential model possessing sufficient statistics. This permits the development of exact significance tests and confidence intervals in the conditional space. Unconditional tests and intervals are also considered briefly. The consequences of misclassification errors and ignoring matching or stratifying are also considered. The various methods are extended to combination of results over the strata. Examples of case-control studies testing the association between HL-A frequencies and cancer illustrate the techniques. The parallel analyses of prospective studies are given. If P1 and P2 are small with large samples sizes the appropriate model is a Poisson distribution. This yields a exponential model with sufficient statistics. Exact conditional tests and confidence intervals can then be developed. Here we consider the case where two populations are compared adjusting for sex differences as well as for the strata (or covariate) differences such as age. The methods are applied to two examples: (1) testing in the two sexes the ratio of relative risks of skin cancer in people living in different latitudes, and (2) testing over time the ratio of the relative risks of cancer in two cities, one of which fluoridated its drinking water and one which did not.
THE VALUE OF ANTIDIPHTHERIC SERUM.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal