tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Ambient Carbon Monoxide on Low Birth Weight among Children Born in Southern California between 1989 and 1993
Authors: Beate Ritz, Fei Yu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

We evaluated the effect of carbon monoxide (CO) exposures during the last trimester of pregnancy on the frequency of low birth weight among neonates born 1989-1993 to women living in the Los Angeles, California, area. Using birth certificate data for that period, we assembled a retrospective cohort of infants whose mothers resided within 2 miles of 1 of 18 CO monitoring stations. Based on the gestational age and birth date of each child, we estimated last-trimester exposure by averaging the corresponding 3 months of daily CO concentrations registered at the monitoring station closest to the mother's residence (determined from the birth certificate). Where data were available (at 6 stations), we also averaged measurements taken daily for nitrogen dioxide and ozone and those taken at 6-day intervals for particulate matter [less than/equal to]10 microm (PM10) to approximate last-trimester exposures to other pollutants. Overall, the study cohort consisted of 125,573 singleton children, excluding infants born before 37 or after 44 weeks of gestation, those weighing below 1,000 or above 5,500 g at birth, those for whom fewer than 10 days of CO measurements were available during the last trimester, and those whose mothers suffered from hypertension, diabetes, or uterine bleeding during pregnancy. Within the cohort, 2,813 (2.2%) were low in birth weight (between 1,000 and 2,499 g). Exposure to higher levels of ambient CO (>5.5 ppm 3-month average) during the last trimester was associated with a significantly increased risk for low birth weight [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.44] after adjustment for potential confounders, including commuting habits in the monitoring area, sex of the child, level of prenatal care, and age, ethnicity, and education of the mother.
Classic Pages
Journal: Circulation Research (1970)

Injiziert man bei der Katze 0,05-0,1 mg/kg Veratrin bei intaktem Vagus (Abb. 1 a) oder bei gekiihltem Vagus und gibt nach einer bis mehreren Minuten durch Envarmung die Nervleitung frei (Abb. 1 b), dann tritt ein dramatischer Drucksturz (bis 80% vom Ausgangswerte) mit in der Regel starker Bradycardie (bis 70%) auf und gleichzeitig wird die Atmung ge-
The Bicycle.
Authors: Lester Keller
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Ironton, Ohio, Aug. 30, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I was greatly pleased to see so sensible an article in the lastJournalas that written by Dr. Brown of Birmingham. That the bicycle has come to stay is an assured fact. That more people are going to use them is another assured fact. That we, as physicians, should accept these as facts and devote more time to the "wheel and its effects" is also quite as much a fact. For the masses the wheel has come nearer annihilating space than anything that has so far been invented. Until we have a practical, low-priced flying machine people will continue the use of the wheel despite the fact that it produces pelvic troubles. I do not think, however, that it will produce as many of them as the same amount of horse-back riding. It is no more fair to call the hump-backed,
Lethal injection on trial
Authors: None The Lancet
Journal: The Lancet (2006)

When Socrates was executed, Plato described the action of hemlock as a slowly rising chill, beginning in the feet and ending life when it eventually reached the heart. As it did so, Socrates' last request was for an offering to thank Asclepius, patron of healers, for such an effective poison. It is an ignoble legacy that 2400 years later, medical science continues to affect the efficiency, rather than the ethos, of execution. But there is now an opportunity to redress this shortcoming, by considering evidence that demonstrates the barbarity of lethal injection.
Shigellosis From Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: James S. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a letter concerning cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (241:2701, 1979), Khan et al addressed the potential danger of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation with the use of manikins in CPR training. We have recently had an interesting case illustrating the danger of mouth-to-mouth CPR. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 3-year-old child with a one-day history of fever, nausea, and vomiting arrived at a rural hospital emergency room without vital signs, and a physician immediately began mouth-to-mouth CPR in an unsuccessful attempt to revive the child. At autopsy, dehydration, follicular colitis, and<i>Ascaris</i>infestation were found, and multiple cultures were taken. The following day, similar symptoms developed in two of the child's siblings, one of whom was hospitalized. Three days after the attempted CPR, the physician who had administered it to the child was admitted to a hospital with fever, severe headache, and diarrhea. Stool cultures from the patient at autopsy, the hospitalized
Hyperprolactinemia and Depression
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2560: Werner syndrome helicase is a selective vulnerability of microsatellite instability-high tumor cells
Authors: Simone Lieb, Silvia Blaha-Ostermann, Elisabeth Kamper, Katharina Ehrenhöfer-Wölfer, Andreas Schlattl, Andreas Wernitznig, Jesse Lipp, Kota Nagasaka, Gerd Bader, Ralph Neumueller, Norbert Kraut, Mark Pearson, Simon Woehrle, Mark Petronczki
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Targeted cancer therapy is based on exploiting selective dependencies of tumor cells. By leveraging recent large-scale genomic profiling and functional screening of cancer cell lines we identified Werner syndrome helicase (WRN) as a novel specific vulnerability of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancer cells. MSI, caused by defective mismatch repair is frequently detected in human malignancies, in particular in colorectal, endometrial and gastric cancers. We demonstrate that WRN inactivation selectively impairs the viability of MSI-H but not microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal and endometrial cancer cell lines. In MSI-H cells, WRN loss results in the emergence of chromosome breaks, chromatin bridges and micronuclei highlighting defective genome integrity. WRN variants harboring mutations abrogating the ATPase function of WRN helicase fail to rescue the viability phenotype of WRN-depleted MSI-H colorectal cells. Our study suggests that pharmacological inhibition of WRN helicase function might represent a novel opportunity to develop a targeted therapy for MSI-H cancers. Citation Format: Simone Lieb, Silvia Blaha-Ostermann, Elisabeth Kamper, Katharina Ehrenhöfer-Wölfer, Andreas Schlattl, Andreas Wernitznig, Jesse Lipp, Kota Nagasaka, Gerd Bader, Ralph Neumueller, Norbert Kraut, Mark Pearson, Simon Woehrle, Mark Petronczki. Werner syndrome helicase is a selective vulnerability of microsatellite instability-high tumor cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2560.
Safety and efficacy of targeted therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with brain metastasis.
Authors: Diogo Assed Bastos, Ana M. Molina, Xiaoyu Jia, Susanne Velasco, Sujata Patil, Martin Henner Voss, Darren Richard Feldman, Robert John Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

497 Background: Brain metastases (Bm) in RCC are associated with poor prognosis. The safety and efficacy of TT in this setting is not well established since patients (pts) with Bm were excluded from pivotal clinical trials. The primary objective was to assess safety and efficacy of TT in pts with Bm. Methods: Pts with mRCC treated with ≥ 28 days of TT after Bm diagnoses were retrospectively identified. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the association between clinical features and OS. Results: 65 pts were identified, including 52 (80%) treated with anti-angiogenic agents and 13 (20%) treated with mTOR inhibitors. Most pts had extracranial metastasis (98%) and 54% had ≥ 2 brain lesions. Fifty seven pts (88%) had local therapy for Bm before TT including surgery in 3 (5%), radiation therapy (RT) in 36 (55%) and both surgery and RT in 18 (28%). Median follow-up was 12.3 months (1.1 – 58.8). Median treatment duration was 3.4 months (0.3 – 31.9) for 1 st line and 1.9 months (0.2 – 23.6) for 2nd line. Median OS was 12.2 months (95% CI 8.0 to 15.5). On univariate analysis using various clinical and treatment variables, MSKCC risk group (p = 0.001), histology subtype (clear vs other) (p &lt; 0.0001), and number of Bm at diagnosis (p = 0.004) correlated with OS and retained statistical significance on multivariate analysis (Table). CNS complications were identified in only 5 pts (8%), including 2 with radiation necrosis and 3 with Bm hemorrhage. Conclusions: The use of targeted agents for pts with RCC and Bm appears safe with OS that compares favorably to historical results in the pre-TT era. Clear cell RCC, favorable MSKCC risk status, and solitary Bm are associated with better outcome. [Table: see text]
The Medical Expert
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Death after bronchography with a water-soluble iodine-containing medium
Authors: O. F. Agee
Journal: JAMA (1965)

THE HISTORY OF bronchography has largely been that of a search for an "ideal contrast medium,"<sup>1</sup>the properties of which are well established,<sup>2</sup>and include physiologic inertness. Recently, American efforts have been largely in two directions, the investigation of barium suspensions as media and of a new iodine-containing water-soluble mixture (Hytrast), its iodine-containing molecules (not subject to enzymatic hydrolysis) being iopydone and iopydol. These constitute 50% weight per volume combined iodine. To increase viscosity, the suspension contains approximately 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose. It also contains methyl and propyl parabens and monosodium phosphate. The contrast substance satisfies technical radiographic requirements well.<sup>3</sup>Most workers<sup>4</sup>report postbronchographic febrile response with few serious complicatons. There have been reports of histologically verified pneumonia, usually related to an area of alveolar filling (alveolar filling with contrast medium) and there is one published report of death following bronchography with this contrast medium.<sup>5</sup> The
AN ANTICIGARETTE MOVEMENT IN SPAIN.
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DANGEROUS ARRHYTHMIAS
Authors: GEORGE A. ROBITAILLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Letters and Comments1 May 1969DANGEROUS ARRHYTHMIASGEORGE A. ROBITAILLEGEORGE A. ROBITAILLESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1047_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: The case report of Drs. Harrington and DeSanctis (Ann. Intern. Med. 70: 105, 1969) describing "Hiccup-Induced Atrioventricular Block" was indeed interesting but not surprising for those of us who have established the routine use of various inspiratory maneuvers in our heart stations as part of the regular electrocardiogram (1).We continue to be impressed by the great variety of arrhythmias that are brought out by the simple act of taking a deep breath and holding it for a short period. The use of inspiratory leads in routine electrocardiography has had its greatest practical use in bringing to...Reference1. ROBITAILLEPHILLIPSSUMNERHIGGINS GAJHRGTG: The value of inspiratory leads in electrocardiographic diagnosis. Dis. Chest 50: 487, 1966. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1047-1047KeywordsArrhythmiaElectrocardiographyHeart Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunization of Adolescents<subtitle>Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American Medical Association</subtitle>
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Full-time practice in the community hospital
Authors: R. R. Henderson
Journal: JAMA (1970)

During the last 30 years, we have noted a change in the faculty of most medical schools, from predominately part-time teachers of clinical medicine to predominately full-time physicians, many interested in basic research. During the past 15 years, we have noted a somewhat similar but slower change in the staffing pattern of many community hospitals, particularly those larger institutions in urban areas. Often the change is initiated by the addition of a full-time salaried director of medical education and followed by full-time directors of key services who are responsible for the quality of care. I would like to describe and briefly discuss the advantages of medical teaching programs in the milieu of the community hospital with a full-time staff. The Hunterdon Medical Center, located in Flemington, NJ, serves a county of 440 square miles with a population of approximately 75,000 persons. It is the only general medical facility in the
Cystic fibrosis in a black woman
Authors: C. W. Lober
Journal: JAMA (1976)

CYSTIC FIBROSIS is a genetic disease (autosomal recessive) considered to have a striking racial distribution. Kulczycki and Schauf<sup>1</sup>estimated that this disease affects one of every 17,033 black newborns and is therefore 10 to 15 times less prevalent among black Americans than among white Americans. To our knowledge, there is only one report in the literature of cystic fibrosis in a black person over 20 years old.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 22-year-old unmarried black secretary was seen by one of us (H.F.S.) in November 1972. She complained of a persistent, dull, abdominal pain. Since early childhood, she had had recurrent, aching abdominal discomfort and foul-smelling, floating stools. Two or three episodes of rectal prolapse had been noted each year since age 10. Many of her frequent "chest colds" (approximately ten each year) were accompanied by trace hemoptysis (&lt; 5 ml), but she had never experienced massive hemoptysis.
Law and medicine
Authors: L. O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

On the 20th anniversary of<i>Roe v Wade</i>, January 23,1993, President Bill Clinton signed five memoranda that reversed a decade of health law and policy on reproductive rights and medical privacy. First, the Clinton administration suspended a regulation issued on February 2, 1988, that had established standards for family planning services projects funded under Title X of the Public Health Service Act, 42 USC §300<i>et seq</i>, to comply with the statutory prohibition on the use of those funds "in programs where abortion is a method of family planning."<sup>1</sup>The regulations, popularly known as the "gag rule," prohibited federally funded projects from counseling or referring women for abortion. The gag rule was upheld by the Supreme Court in<i>Rust v Sullivan</i>.<sup>2</sup>However, a subsequent interpretation of the rules by the Bush administration, under which physicians could counsel and refer patients regarding abortion but other project employees could not,
Outcomes for patients ≥75 years with localized gastroesophageal cancer: Experience from the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.
Authors: Akina Natori, Bryan Chan, Hao-Wen Sim, Eric Xueyu Chen, Geoffrey Liu, Gail Elizabeth Darling, Carol Jane Swallow, Savtaj Singh Brar, James D. Brierley, Jolie Ringash, Rebecca Wong, Joon-Hyung J. Kim, Patrik Rogalla, Sara Hafezi-Bakhtiari, James Conner, Jennifer J. Knox, Elena Elimova, Raymond Woo-Jun Jang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

189 Background: The optimal treatment and outcome for elderly patients (pts) with localized gastroesophageal (GE) cancer remains unclear as they are underrepresented in clinical trials. We aimed to assess survival in pts ≥ 75 years according to treatment received. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for all pts aged ≥ 75 years with GE cancer treated in 2012 and 2013. Frailty was measured using the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and ECOG performance status (PS). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed via uni- and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for demographics. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine factors impacting treatment choices. Results: Of 70 pts, median age was 82 years (range: 75-98), primary sites were esophageal (40%, with 61% squamous histology), GE junction (24%) and gastric (36%). Baseline characteristics included: PS: 0 (40%), 1 (39%), 2 (14%), 3 (7%); and CCI: 0 (36%), 1 (20%), 2 (21%), ≥ 3 (23%). Treatment received included surgery (33%), radiotherapy (RT) (31%); surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy (chemo) and/or RT (9%); chemoradiation alone (7%) and 20% had no active treatment. In univariable analysis; age &lt; 85 (p = 0.007) and surgery (p = 0.022) were associated with improved OS. Chemo and RT, either alone or in combination, did not significantly improve OS. In multivariable analysis; age &lt; 85 (HR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23-0.94, p = 0.034), surgery (HR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.14-0.74, p = 0.008) and CCI &lt; 2 (HR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.27-0.99, p = 0.048) were identified as independent predictors for improved OS. Age ≥ 85 was significantly associated with omission of surgery (OR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.13-14.01, p = 0.041) but in contrast, PS ≥ 2 (p = 0.475) and CCI ≥ 2 (p = 0.939) were not predictive. Conclusions: At our institution, very few pts ≥ 75 years received multimodality therapy for localized GE cancers. Surgery was the only treatment modality associated with a significant survival advantage, and additional chemo and/or RT did not further improve OS. The only predictor for having surgery was age. Consequently, future studies should consider comprehensive assessment for surgery so that eligible elderly pts can benefit.