tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
More Adult Male Patients Detected with 5+ Adenomas after Bowel Preparation with 1L Polyethylene Glycol Ner1006 Versus 2L Polyethylene Glycol or Oral Sulfate Solution
Authors: MA Álvarez-González, J Halonen
Journal: Endoscopy (2021)

Aims Male gender is more susceptible to develop colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. Both European and US clinical guidelines recommend a 3-year post-polypectomy surveillance period for patients with five or more colorectal adenomas [ 1 ] , [ 2 ]. We examined whether 1L polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based NER1006 can allow endoscopists to detect more adenomas in male patients versus 2LPEG/OSS.
The Endocrines.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leukopheresis therapy of a hypereosinophilic disorder
Authors: L. Ellman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A young woman developed myositis, myocarditis, and vasculitis associated with severe eosinophilia following the use of sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin). Her illness was not altered by corticosteroid therapy and appeared to be progressive. Following leukopheresis and removal of large numbers of eosinophils on a continuous flow cell separator, there was a prompt decrease in the eosinophilia and rapid clinical improvement. Although the mechanism of this effect is unknown, leukopheresis may be a worthwhile modality of therapy in other patients with progressive hypereosinophilic disorders. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1004-1005, 1974)
Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) and RARS with thrombocytosis: “2019 Update on Diagnosis, Risk‐stratification, and Management”
Authors: Mrinal M. Patnaik, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2019)

Disease Overview Ring sideroblasts (RS) are erythroid precursors with abnormal perinuclear mitochondrial iron accumulation. Two myeloid neoplasms defined by the presence of RS, include refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS), now classified under myelodysplastic syndromes with RS (MDS‐RS) and RARS with thrombocytosis (RARS‐T); now called myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with RS and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN‐RS‐T). Diagnosis MDS‐RS is a lower‐risk MDS, with single or multilineage dysplasia (SLD/MLD), &lt;5% bone marrow (BM) blasts and ≥ 15% BM RS (≥5% in the presence of SF3B1 mutations). MDS/MPN‐RS‐T, now a formal entity in the MDS/MPN overlap syndromes, has diagnostic features of MDS‐RS‐SLD, along with a platelet count ≥450 × 10(9)/L and large atypical megakaryocytes. Mutations and Karyotype Mutations in SF3B1 are seen in ≥80% of patients with MDS‐RS‐SLD and MDS/MPN‐RS‐T, and strongly correlate with the presence of BM RS; MDS/MPN‐RS‐T patients also demonstrate JAK2 V617F, ASXL1, DNMT3A , SETBP1 , and TET2 mutations. Cytogenetic abnormalities are uncommon in both. Risk stratification Most patients with MDS‐RS‐SLD are stratified into lower‐risk groups by the revised‐IPSS. Disease outcome in MDS/MPN‐RS‐T is better than that of MDS‐RS‐SLD, but worse than that of essential thrombocythemia. Both diseases have a low risk of leukemic transformation. Treatment Anemia and iron overload are complications seen in both and are managed similar to lower‐risk MDS and MPN. The advent of luspatercept, a first‐in‐class erythroid maturation agent will tremendously boost the ability to manage anemia. Aspirin therapy is reasonable in MDS/MPN‐RS‐T, especially in the presence of JAK2 V617F, but the value of platelet‐lowering drugs remains uncertain.
Allergen-induced airway inflammation in rats. Role of insulin.
Authors: E O Vianna, J Garcia-Leme
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Clinical asthma appears to be less severe when diabetes mellitus is superimposed. To examine whether insulin influences the development of allergic reactions in the airway mucosa antigen challenge, normal and diabetic rats sensitized against ovalbumin (OA) were used. Compared with controls, animals rendered diabetic by the injection of alloxan presented markedly decreased cell yields from bronchoalveolar lavage after OA challenge. The impaired response was not related to antibody production because enhanced IgE antibody titers of the same magnitude were found in both control and diabetic animals. Similarly, the mechanism underlying the inhibited responses could not be ascribed to hyperglycemia or intracellular glucopenia, first, because correction of blood glucose levels through fasting did not restore the decreased response, and second, because administration of 2-deoxyglucose, which blocks glucose utilization, did not affect the bronchoalveolar reaction to OA challenge in normal animals. Reversal of the impaired responses was attained by treatment of diabetic animals with insulin. There is evidence that insulin exerts proinflammatory effects. We conclude that insulin might modulate the inflammatory component of asthmatic responses.
Correction
Authors: Mark Pittelkow, Linda Benson, Stephen Naylor, Andy Tomlinson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

maining supernatant was analyzed directly by CE-MS and CE-MS/MS.The composition of 4 different commercial samples (2 lot numbers) of SKIN-CAP spray formulation was examined.Another commercial spray product containing zinc pyrithione was also prepared and analyzed by CE-MS using identical conditions.Results of preliminary CE-MS studies of SKIN-CAP using reconstructed ion electropherograms (the sum of all detected ions) and 2 ion channels (mass charge [m/z] 467 and m/z 469) were consistent with the protonated molecular weight of clobetasol (m/z 467) and the chloride 37 isotope response of this steroid (m/z 469) (data not shown).Detection of significant peaks in the m/z 467 and m/z 469 channels, coincident with the migration time of authentic clobetasol, led us to suspect that the analyzed samples of SKIN-CAP were contaminated by this corticosteroid.To substantiate these findings, we performed CE-MS/MS analysis, in which the m/z 467 response detected in SKIN-CAP was fingerprinted and compared with authentic clobetasol (Sigma, St Louis, Mo).The product ion spectrum resulting from the analysis of the SKIN-CAP contaminant (Figure, top) indicated significant similarity with authentic clobetasol when analyzed under the same conditions (Figure, bottom).Similarly, the product ion spectrum of the m/z 469 response detected for SKIN-CAP was consistent with the spectrum produced by CE-MS/MS analysis of m/z 469 of clobetasol (data not shown).The presence of a contaminant exhibiting an electrophoretic migration and mass spectrometric properties consistent with those of the authentic standard of clobetasol was detected in all 4 SKIN-CAP samples.These results strongly suggest that the 2 lots of SKIN-CAP we analyzed contained clobetasol, which is a superpotent corticosteroid available only by prescription for topical use in the United States.The other commercial brand of zinc pyrithione spray showed no evidence of clobetasol proprionate and provided a negative control.We informed the FDA of these findings and, subsequently, they confirmed the presence of clobetasol in spray, shampoo, and cream formulations of SKIN-CAP.In August 1997, the FDA issued an alert to halt importation of SKIN-CAP into the United States. 1 The medical community should be aware of possible corticosteroid contamination and attendant risks of SKIN-CAP therapy and urge patients using this product to consult their physicians.
A randomized controlled trial of thymosin-alpha1 versus interferon alfa treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antigen antibody-and hepatitis B virus DNA-positive chronic hepatitis B
Authors: P Andreone
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

It has recently been shown that thymosin-alpha1(T-alpha1), a synthetic polypeptide of thymic origin, is able to promote disease remission and inhibition of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in patients affected by hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic active hepatitis. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of T-alpha1 treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe) and HBV-DNA-positive chronic hepatitis. Thirty-three patients were randomly assigned to receive either T-alpha1 900 microg/m2 body surface area twice weekly (17 patients) or 5 MU of interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) three times weekly (16 patients) for 6 months. At baseline, both groups were comparable concerning age, sex, liver histology, and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. At the end of treatment, complete response (defined as ALT normalization and HBV-DNA loss) occurred in 5 of 17 (29.4%) in the T-alpha1 group and in 7 of 16 (43.8%) in the IFN-alpha group (P = not significant). After a follow-up period of 6 months, a complete response was observed in 7 of 17 (41.2%) in the T-alpha1 group and in 4 of 16 (25%) in the IFN-alpha group (P = n.s.). Compared with the results observed in a group of 15 patients never treated with IFN-alpha and followed for 12 months, the rate of complete response was significantly higher in the IFN-alpha group at the end of therapy (1 of 15 vs. 7 of 16, respectively; P < .05) and in the T-alpha1 group at the end of follow-up (1 of 15 vs. 7 of 17, respectively; P < .05). Unlike IFN- alpha, T-alpha1 was well tolerated by all patients. The only side effect, reported by some, was local discomfort at injection sites. The results of this trial suggest that T-alpha1 is able to reduce HBV replication in patients affected by anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis. Furthermore, compared with IFN-alpha, T-alpha1 is better tolerated and seems to induce a gradual and more sustained ALT normalization and HBV-DNA loss. In conclusion, T-alpha1 appears to be a safe and effective alternative treatment for anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis. The benefit of this agent in producing long-term inhibition of HBV replication must be confirmed by future trials. (Hepatology 1996 Oct;24(4):774-7)
The Oversight of Medical Care: A Proposal for Reform
Authors: American College of Physicians*
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

The oversight of medical care, in the form of peer review, has traditionally been used to ensure that the highest standards of care are maintained. What is relatively new is the external oversight of medical practice carried out by a growing number of independent entities (government, third-party payers, for-profit firms, for example), overseeing care in uncoordinated ways. Tensions arise when reviews of utilization and reviews of quality are conducted by different organizations with conflicting goals. The review instruments are still crude and have neither been adequately tested nor validated. Future attention to developing reliable and valid measures of efficiency and quality is essential. Evidence suggests that the principal process of review, the case-by-case review, may not be cost-effective and may not be conducive to improving quality. It should be replaced by profiles of practice patterns at institutional, regional, or national levels. We propose a model of oversight that emphasizes the appropriate balance between internal mechanisms of quality improvement and external accountability. In this model, internal and external reviews have specific, complementary roles that promote efficiency and quality. Detailed monitoring of quality and problem solving are left to providers who are intimately involved with care. In return, they become accountable to payers and the public through the surveillance of patterns of practice.
Letter: Sterilisation: Laparoscopy or laparotomy?
Authors: M Porter
Journal: BMJ (1975)

jouRNAL 25 ocTOBER 1975 22?out accurate fracture reduction, and move- ment of bone within the wires can take place.In a bone as heavily stressed as the tibia this is almost impossible to avoid.In other situa- tions, as for instance the fibular component of certain ankle fracture-dislocations, they can be of very great value.It would be a pity for the appropriate use of encirclage wiring in fracture treatment to be discredited by further repetition of this long-standing misapprehension concerning the reasons for its failure when used inappropriately.
MAKE HASTE SLOWLY.
Journal: JAMA (1890)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rev Française Gynécologie Obstétrique, Paris
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CARE IN SIGNING CERTIFICATES.
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Delivering drugs and making the BMJ less boring
Authors: Richard Smith, Gaby Shockley, Jane Smith, Annabel Ferriman, Judy Jones, Kamran Abbasi, Alison Tonks General, Trish Groves, Sandra Goldbeck-Wood, Tessa Richards, Sharon Davies, Trevor Jackson, Rhona Macdonald, Andrew Woodward, John Gary, Bryan Standing, Susan Minns, Marita Batten Picture, Jan Croot, Abi Berger, Margaret Cooter, Jackie Annis, Greg Cotton, Liz Payne, Miriam Pinchuk, Barbara Squire, Julia Thompson, Tony Delamothe, Christopher Martyn, Marcus Müllner, Roger Robinson, Tony Smith, Ron Davis, Jennifer Leaning, Rajendra Kale, John Roberts, Gwen Adshead, James Barrett, Nick Booth, Nicky Britten, Peter Cantillon, Teifion Davies, Robin Ferner, Ian Forgacs, Trisha Greenhalgh, Marcia Hall, Iona Heath, Richard Hobbs, Linda Hutchinson, David Jewell, Kevin Jones, Duncan Keeley, Tim Lancaster, Ben Lloyd, Diana Lockwood, Azeem Majeed, Michael O'brien, John Rees, Nicholas Steel, Sheila Teasdale, Tom Treasure, Chris Van Weel, John Williams, Diana Wood, Jeremy Wyatt, Doug Altman, Mike Campbell, Tim Cole, Jon Deeks, Stephen Evans, Hazel Inskip, Julie Morris, Gordon Murray, Jackie Connor, Andy Josephides, Bernadette Kearney Display, Catherine Harding-Wiltshire, Simon Walker, Alan Walker, Nick Gray, Sheila Rowe, David Evans, Jeremy Anderson, Mary Australia, Lisa Baker, Donald Bero, Nicholas Berwick, Luis-Gabriel Christakis, Michael Cuervo, Paul Dixon, Roger Australia, Peter Goss, Tony Denmark, Yuan Grabham, China Gu, Canada Haynes, Georgia Kirtava, Cindy Austria, Hong Lam, Leonard Kong, Israel Lebovici, Michel Liberati, France Lievre, Daniel Mulrow, Gretchen Purcell, Lois Quam, Paula Rochon, Canada Sepulveda, Rosalind Smyth, Fiona Stanley, Paul Stewart, Tessa Torres-Edejer, Susumu Wakai, Hugh Japan
Journal: BMJ (2001)
Hunger
Authors: Salomea Kape
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The telephone rang when I opened the door. I had just returned home from the hospital after a long operation: "They are calling me again." With a deep sigh I reached for the receiver. A voice with a characteristic rolling<i>r</i>asked in Polish, "It is you, Sally?" "Yes, Tola." Her name slipped off my tongue. "What are you doing in New York?" My heart was pounding. My mouth was dry. On the other end of the telephone my past was eyeing me. Tola was my high school classmate in Lodz ghetto. She was a star student, a bookworm, a 14-year-old girl who never lost hope. Our teachers tried very hard to enrich our lives, but they were losing their physical as well as mental strength. In 1941 the school was closed, the students went to slave work, and our teachers died later of starvation. Tola lived in the ghetto
Spironolactone Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism by Ameliorating Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation and Suppressing Enhanced Gluconeogenesis Induced by High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet
Authors: Tsutomu Wada, Hiroki Kenmochi, Yusuke Miyashita, Motohiro Sasaki, Minoru Ojima, Masakiyo Sasahara, Daisuke Koya, Hiroshi Tsuneki, Toshiyasu Sasaoka
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Recent evidence suggests that treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist suppressed local inflammation in vascular tissues or cardiomyocytes; therefore, we examined the effect of spironolactone on glucose and lipid metabolism in a mouse model with diet-induced diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. C57BL/6 mice were fed either the control diet, 60% fat diet with 30% fructose water (HFFD), or HFFD with spironolactone for 8 wk. HFFD mice demonstrated apparent phenotypes of metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver. Although treatment with spironolactone did not affect the increased calorie intake and body weight by HFFD, the increments of epididymal fat weight, blood pressure, serum triglyceride, free fatty acids, leptin, and total cholesterol levels were significantly suppressed. Elevation of blood glucose during glucose and insulin tolerance tests in HFFD mice was significantly lowered by spironolactone. Notably, increased glucose levels during pyruvate tolerance test in HFFD mice were almost completely ameliorated to control levels by the treatment. Staining with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Oil-red-O demonstrated marked accumulation of triglycerides in the centrilobular part of the hepatic lobule in HFFD mice, and these accumulations were effectively improved by spironolactone. Concomitantly HFFD feeding markedly up-regulated hepatic mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), gluconeogenic gene phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, transcription factor carbohydrate response element binding protein, and its downstream lipogenic enzymes, all of which were significantly suppressed by spironolactone. These results indicate that inhibition of mineralocorticoid receptor might be a beneficial therapeutic approach for diet-induced phenotypes of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver.
The effect of sugar on behavior or cognition in children. A meta-analysis
Authors: M. L. Wolraich
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the effects of sugar on the behavior or cognition of children by using meta-analytic techniques on reported studies. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Studies were identified through a literature search of the MEDLINE and PsychINFO databases and the authors' files using sugar, sucrose, and attention deficit disorder as the search terms. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Studies were required to (1) intervene by having the subjects consume a known quantity of sugar; (2) use a placebo (artificial sweetener) condition; (3) blind the subjects, parents, and research staff to the conditions; and (4) report statistics that could be used to compute the dependent measures effect sizes. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Variables included publication year, study setting, subject type and number, gender, age, sugar and placebo type and dose, prior dietary condition, measurement construct, means and SDs for the sugar and placebo conditions, and direction of effect. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Sixteen reports met the inclusion criteria for a total of 23 within-subject design studies. The weighted mean effect size and related statistics for each of the 14 measurement constructs revealed that although the range for these means was from -0.14 for direct observations and up to +0.30 for academic tests, the 95% confidence interval for all 14 mean effect sizes included 0. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —The meta-analytic synthesis of the studies to date found that sugar does not affect the behavior or cognitive performance of children. The strong belief of parents may be due to expectancy and common association. However, a small effect of sugar or effects on subsets of children cannot be ruled out. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1617-1621)