tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Second 100000 Cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome—United States
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CORRECTION
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Quality of reporting in systematic reviews published in dermatology journals
Authors: D.O. Croitoru, Y. Huang, A. Kurdina, A.W. Chan, A.M. Drucker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

Systematic reviews (SRs) are considered the gold-standard for putting together evidence in healthcare. They serve clinicians and other stakeholders of the healthcare field, such as patients and policy makers, by summarizing the available data that we have on a medical subject, while highlighting the quality of the studies existing in the literature. In literature from other medical specialties, the use of reporting guidelines, such as the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), has been shown to increase transparency and reproducibility (the extent to which consistent results are obtained when an experiment is repeated). To date, however, no studies have looked at how well dermatology SRs adhere to items from the PRISMA guideline, which is what the authors of this study, based in Canada, aimed to address. It is important that the methodology of systematic reviews is transparent and appropriately reported, so that readers have a clear understanding of what was done and why. To do this, we reviewed all SRs published in the five dermatology journals with the highest impact factors from 2013 to 2017. We evaluated how well selected PRISMA items were reported and whether the adherence of reporting was associated with factors such as year of publication, protocol registration, and funding source. We found that among SRs published in five dermatology journals from 2013-17, all (136 of 136) had at least one inadequately reported PRISMA item, while 93% (127 of 136) had at least one fully non-reported item. Reporting improved over time and SRs that stated they used a pre-registered protocol were associated with better reporting of the PRISMA items we assessed. Several items remain commonly under-reported in dermatology systematic reviews and we identified these in the hopes that it improves reporting going forward. With the results from this study, we feel that authors, reviewers, journal editors and editorial committees should strive to encourage pre-registration of SR protocols and better SR reporting. This is a summary of the study: Quality of reporting in systematic reviews published in dermatology journals
LBA-05 Results from the large, open-label phase 3b CONSIGN study of regorafenib in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: E. Van Cutsem, F. Ciardiello, J-F. Seitz, R. Hofheinz, U. Verma, R. Garcia-Carbonero, A. Grothey, A. Miriyala, J. Kalmus, JA. Shapiro, A. Falcone, A. Zaniboni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
The Ureter
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The ureter and its junctions with the kidney and bladder are subjects which continue to fret the clinician and the investigator. Contemporary ureteral research is an odyssey of massive exploration of numerous problems, some still far from solution. Dr. Bergman is to be congratulated for his ambition to encompass a manifold subject in one book. He establishes order and perspective. Twenty-eight chapters by an international corps of 31 authors present fundamental material and treat both significant and subsidiary matters.<i>The Ureter</i>is of general interest but does a particular service for those too young to have collected the journals of the past 15 years and for those who value a reference that is comprehensive yet of convenient size. Pride of space goes to surgical questions but only after provision of a complete background. The first four chapters describe applied and microscopic anatomy, embryology, and physiology. Two chapters on pathology and
Data Quality in Predictive Toxicology: Reproducibility of Rodent Carcinogenicity Experiments
Authors: Eva Gottmann, Stefan Kramer, Bernhard Pfahringer, Christoph Helma
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

We compared 121 replicate rodent carcinogenicity assays from the two parts (National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program and literature) of the Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) to estimate the reliability of these experiments. We estimated a concordance of 57% between the overall rodent carcinogenicity classifications from both sources. This value did not improve substantially when additional biologic information (species, sex, strain, target organs) was considered. These results indicate that rodent carcinogenicity assays are much less reproducible than previously expected, an effect that should be considered in the development of structure-activity relationship models and the risk assessment process.
Long-term outcomes of covered self-expandable metal stents for treating benign biliary strictures
Authors: Jin-Seok Park, Sang Lee, Tae Song, Do Park, Dong-Wan Seo, Sung Lee, Seungbong Han, Myung-Hwan Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Correction to: Long-term outcomes of covered self-expandable metal stents for treating benign biliary stricturesEndoscopy 2016; 48(05): 440-447DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-101406
<TITLE>Facts about sickle cell anemia</TITLE>
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Facts about sickle cell anemiaThe JAMA Patient Page is a public service of JAMA and the AMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances; but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA and AMA suggest that you consult your physician.
Reference Committees 1983 Annual Meeting
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival from three cohorts of advanced or metastatic cancer patients using health care claims data in the United States.
Authors: Daniel C Beachler, Francois-Xavier Lamy, Leo J Russo, Stephan Lanes, Jade Dinh, Devon H Taylor, Ruihua Yin, Aziza Jamal-Allial, Patrice Verpillat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

129 Background: Our main objective was to identify, in healthcare claims data, patients with advanced or metastatic: urothelial carcinoma (amUC), gastric cancer (amGC) and non-small cell lung cancer (amNSCLC) and to report on their characteristics, treatments, and survival rates using contemporaneous real-world data. Methods: This cohort study was conducted in the HealthCore Integrated Research Database (HIRD), from January 2010 to January 2018, which contains healthcare claims data from commercial health plans across the US (60 million lives). We applied algorithms, previously validated on registry data, to the HIRD to define 3 cohorts of advanced stage cancer. Cohort characteristics and treatment patterns were described. Patient vital status was captured through probabilistic linkage with the National Death Index (NDI) and survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Algorithms to predict advanced stage cancer resulted in the following cohorts: 1,501 amUC, 6,253 amGC and 38,451 amNSCLC cases. Most patients in each cohort were de novo advanced or metastatic, but subsets were diagnosed at early stage and progressed to advanced stage (ranging from 15.1% for amNSCLC to 23.1% for amUC). Patient characteristics, treatments and survival outcomes are described in Table 1. Not all received systemic treatment; Immune Checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) were used in 5.3%, 2.2% and 10.8% of treated amUC, amGC and amNSCLC patients, respectively. Conclusions: In these cohorts of advanced or metastatic cancer patients, median survival time was limited despite most receiving treatment: radiation, systemic therapy or surgery. Treatment with ICI was low despite recent data in amUC and amNSCLC.[Table: see text]
Transplant
Authors: P. N. Malani
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human Factors in Highway Safety
Authors: Ross A. McFarland, Roland C. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

ADVANCES in medicine during the past quarter century have markedly reduced the morbidity and mortality of many diseases. One result of improvements in the treatment, control and especially the prevention of disease is that accidental injury has become a greater threat than illness to many segments of the population. Accidents now rank first as the cause of death between the ages of one and thirty-five and are outranked in the older age groups chiefly by cancer, heart conditions and the so-called degenerative diseases, as shown in Figure 1. The fact that most accident victims are in the younger age groups implies . . .
My dear colleague: are you considering suicide?
Authors: V. M. Victoroff
Journal: JAMA (1985)

I SAT in one of those uncomfortable metal folding chairs the director set about the funeral parlor to accommodate overflow guests. The "dearly beloved deceased," a physician suicide, lay on white satin, his face spray-painted in mortuary pink and green. His eyes were closed; a faint, supercilious sneer distorted his mouth, a failure of reconstructive efforts to conceal facial injury suffered when he drove his car into a bridge abutment. At the age of 45, his life was smashed. The shards of what was left sat about me. His wife sat rigid, stiff-backed, and grim, staring with contempt at the minister as we listened to boiler-plate platitudes. An older brother sat across the aisle from her. A 6-year-old child, wide-eyed and uncomprehending, stood next to her mother, whose arm circled her shoulders. In the adjoining chair, a 12-year-old boy sat sobbing. The new widow extended her hand to cover his.
Chlorpropamide-lnduced Granulomas
Authors: Leon A. Rigberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Anicteric hepatitis, associated with fever and exfoliative dermatitis, developed in a diabetic patient two weeks after intake of a long-acting sulfonylurea, chlorpropamide (Diabinese). Granulomas showing heavy infiltration with eosinophils were found in the liver and bone marrow. These were interpreted as manifestations of an allergic reaction. The clinical signs, abnormal laboratory findings, and hepatic lesions subsided spontaneously on withdrawal of the drug. Bone marrow changes, however, persisted seven months after cessation of the drug. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with liver and bone marrow inflammation characterized by granulomas with eosinophilic infiltration following intake of chlorpropamide. (<i>JAMA</i>235:409-410, 1976)
Changing morbidity of schoolboys, 1900 to 1965
Authors: B. M. Rodenberger
Journal: JAMA (1966)

A unique compilation of morbidity data uniformly recorded daily over a 65-year period (1900 to 1965) at St. Mark's School, Southboro, Mass, has been analyzed in order to determine the changing patterns of health and disease in this schoolboy population since 1900. Morbidity findings remained relatively stable and at appreciably higher levels from 1900 through World War II than during the past 20 years. Since 1945, a progressive decline to about 20% to 25% of the former values was recorded. These data are similar to data collected by the US Navy and Marine Corps. Factors influencing the post World War II decline in morbidity include antibiotic therapy and decline in communicable diseases.
Infectious Diseases
Authors: Preeti N. Malani
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Markers for disease genes open new era in diagnostic screening
Authors: B. Merz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Nancy S. Wexler, PhD, is a clinical psychologist, a member of the department of neurology at Columbia University in New York City, president of the Hereditary Disease Foundation, and one of the principal investigators of the team that found the marker for Huntington's disease. Her curriculum vitae is impressive, but her future is uncertain. She stands a 50% chance of developing the disease she has studied. Like others at risk for Huntington's disease or adult polycystic kidney disease—another late-onset genetic disorder—she has been consigned to decades of uncertainty. There are no enzyme assays or easily identified chromosomal abnormalities that foretell these diseases. Those with a family history must go through their 20s, 30s, and possibly 40s looking for the symptoms of the disorder—and hoping that they won't find them. But this won't be the case much longer, if reports given at the 38th Annual Meeting of the American Society for
Fatty-acid metabolism and the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma: Review and hypothesis
Authors: R Ockner
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Despite increasing understanding of the genetic control of cell growth and the identification of several involved chemical and infectious factors, the pathogenesis of clinical and experimental hepatocellular carcinoma remains unknown. Available evidence is consistent with the possibility that selected changes in the hepatocellular metabolism of long-chain fatty acids may contribute significantly to this process. Specifically, studies of the peroxisome proliferators, a diverse group of xenobiotics that includes the fibrate class of hypolipidemic drugs, suggest that increased fatty acid oxidation by way of extramitochondrial pathways (i.e.,-oxidation in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and β-oxidation in the peroxisomes) results in a corresponding increase in the generation of hydrogen peroxide and, thus, oxidative stress. This in turn leads to alterations in gene expression and in DNA itself. We also review evidence supporting a potentially decisive influence of particular aspects of hepatocellular fatty acid metabolism in determining the activity of the extramitochondrial pathways. Moreover, certain intermediates of extramitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (e.g., the long-chain dicarboxylic fatty acids) impair mitochondrial function and are implicated as modulators of gene expression through their interaction with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. Finally, the occurrence of hepatic tumors in type I glycogen storage disease (glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency) may exemplify this general mechanism, which may also contribute to nonneoplastic liver injury and to tumorigenesis in other tissues. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:669–676.)
PWE-003 Loss of interleukin-4 receptor α function drives initiation, but not progression, of azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in BALB/c mice
Authors: N Ingram, S L Perry, N Scott, P L Coletta, M A Hull
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We have previously demonstrated that genetic deletion of <i>interleukin-4 receptor</i> α (IL-4Rα<i>)</i> in BALB/c mice leads to an increase in azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt focus (ACF) multiplicity. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that absence of IL-4Rα signalling also promotes adenoma growth and development in AOM-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. <h3>Methods</h3> BALB/c <i>IL-4R</i>α<sup>−<i>/</i>−</sup> and <i>IL-4R</i>α<i><sup>+/+</sup></i> mice (wild-type) were injected twice with 10 mg/kg AOM, for methylene blue stained ACF counting at 6 weeks or with 6 injections, for tumour phenotype analysis at 32 weeks. Lymphocyte (CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and FoxP3+) and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (CD11b+, GR-1+; MDSC) splenocyte populations were analysed by flow cytometry. Blood cell populations were measured using a Vet abc blood analyser. <h3>Results</h3> Loss of IL-4Rα signalling was associated with an increase in ACF multiplicity (median 8.5, IQR 7.25–12, n=8) compared with wild-type mice (median 3, IQR 1–3.5, n=9) (p=0.007 Mann Whitney U-test) confirming our previous observation of an anti-neoplastic role of IL-4Rα signalling in AOM-induced tumour initiation. At 32 weeks, the number of ACFs detected in AOM-treated <i>IL-4R</i>α<sup>−<i>/</i>−</sup> mice (median 8, IQR 6–10, n=16) remained higher than wild-type mice (median 3, IQR 2–7, n=19) (p=0.0017). However, loss of IL-4Rα signalling did not promote macroscopic tumour development (incidence=25%, mean number per tumour-bearing mouse=2 tumours/colon) compared with wild-type animals (incidence=26.3%, mean=1.4 tumours/colon). All tumours apart from one case of mild dysplasia were adenomas that exhibited severe dysplasia. Adenomas were only detected in female mice. Adenomas were smaller in <i>IL-4R</i>α<sup>−<i>/</i>−</sup> mice (mean (SD) 2.3 (1.0) mm) compared with wild-type tumours (3.7 (1.3) mm, p=0.06). There was no significant difference in routine haematological parameters between <i>IL-4R</i>α<sup>−<i>/</i>−</sup> mice and wild-type animals at both time points. However, there was an increase in CD4+ and FoxP3+ splenocytes (but not MDSCs) in <i>IL-4R</i>α<sup>−<i>/</i>−</sup> mice compared with wild-type animals at 32 weeks after AOM treatment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IL-4Rα signalling has stage-specific roles during AOM-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in BALB/c mice. Although absence of IL-4Rα signalling promotes initiation, it does not appear to be protective for progression to adenoma and may even have a pro-tumorigenic role during adenoma growth. Smaller tumour size in <i>IL-4R</i>α<sup>−<i>/</i>−</sup> mice is associated with an increase in splenic regulatory T cells.